Household garbage incinerator and furnace secondary air distribution control method

Abstract

A household garbage incinerator and a furnace secondary air distribution control method. For a furnace, an included angle between the wall surface of a front arch (4) and the horizontal is 25°, and an included angle between the wall surface of a rear arch (5) and the horizontal is 35°; a flame deflection angle (11) and an ignition burner (6) are provided on the rear arch (5); an inlet of a first flue (10) is positioned at the front middle portion of the furnace; a water-cooled wall is arranged around the first flue (10); the water-cooled wall extends to the middle of a refractory furnace wall (8) along with the front arch (4), the rear arch (5), side walls and the flame deflection angle (11); a secondary air pipe group (12) is provided at the lower portion of the first flue (10); and outlet airflows of the secondary air pipe group (12) form a double-elliptical flow field in the first flue (10).

Description

A domestic waste incinerator and a furnace secondary air distribution control method

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410765450.3, filed on June 13, 2024, and entitled "A domestic waste incinerator and a furnace secondary air distribution control method", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of waste incineration equipment, more particularly, to a domestic waste incinerator and a furnace secondary air distribution control method. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the acceleration of the pace of life, the domestic waste generated by people also increases. In order to meet the needs of urban beautification and environmental protection, people's domestic waste needs to be incinerated. The existing domestic waste incinerator is mostly downflow or center flow type.

[0004] The first flue of the downflow incinerator is located at the rear of the furnace, and the rear arch is often short or directly without a rear arch. The heat radiation generated by the combustion in the furnace is difficult to be reflected to the middle and front part of the grate, so the heating and drying capacity of the downflow incinerator for new waste entering the furnace is poor. When the moisture content of the waste is high and the calorific value is low, it may be difficult for the waste to ignite independently. The center flow incinerator has a longer rear arch, which can reflect more radiant heat to the front part of the grate, and has strong stable combustion capacity. However, the furnace space of the center flow incinerator is smaller than that of the downflow incinerator, and the combustion space is more concentrated. The gas phase combustion of the center flow incinerator is more intense than that of the downflow incinerator. In recent years, the calorific value of domestic waste is increasing, which puts forward higher requirements for the operation and adjustment level of the incinerator. Therefore, when designing the center flow incinerator, more consideration needs to be given to the adjustment effect of the furnace structure and air distribution scheme on the combustion condition, so that the combustion condition in the furnace has high adjustability.

[0005] The prior art central flow incinerator is shown in Fig. 1, which has a grate (1) located at the bottom of the furnace chamber and divided into five levels, with a certain height difference between the first and second levels and between the third and fourth levels. The front end of the grate is provided with a feeding port (2), and the tail end is provided with a slag discharge port (3). The two sides of the grate are provided with refractory furnace walls (8). Two ignition burners (6) are arranged on the front arch (4) of the furnace wall at the upper part of the furnace chamber. One auxiliary burner (7) is arranged on each of the side walls (9). The inlet of the first flue (10) is located at the front middle part of the furnace chamber. The water-cooled wall is arranged around the first flue (10) and extends to the middle part of the furnace wall together with the front arch (4), the rear arch (5) and the side wall (9). The lower part of the first flue is provided with a secondary air pipe (11). The arrangement of the secondary air pipe of the central flow incinerator is shown in Fig. 2, which adopts a horizontal double tangent circle arrangement with a tangent circle diameter of 2.5-3.5 meters. Eight secondary air pipes are arranged on the front and rear walls of the first flue of the boiler, and there are a total of 24 secondary air pipes arranged in three layers. Each layer has eight secondary air pipes arranged in a double tangent circle mode to form two circular cyclones after air outlet. As can be seen, the secondary air pipes are concentrated in the first flue, and the adjusting effect on the combustion of the furnace chamber is limited. Moreover, the number of air pipes is large, the air volume control is complex, and it is difficult to form an annular flow field when the combustion condition changes rapidly. Moreover, the design of the rear arch makes the radiation heat reflected to the front part of the grate small, which is not conducive to the drying, volatilization and ignition of the waste entering the furnace.

[0006] How to optimize and improve the existing central flow incinerator to enhance the adjusting ability of secondary air to the combustion in the furnace and make the newly entering waste in the furnace more easily dry, volatilize and ignite is a problem that needs attention.

[0007] SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a domestic waste incinerator and a furnace chamber secondary air distribution control method to enhance the adjusting ability of secondary air to the combustion in the furnace and make the newly entering waste in the furnace more easily dry, volatilize and ignite.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the specific scheme is as follows:

[0010] A domestic waste incinerator, comprising a furnace chamber, a grate, an ignition burner, an auxiliary burner, a refractory furnace wall, a first flue, a water-cooled wall, a fold angle and a secondary air pipe group;

[0011] The furnace chamber comprises a front arch and a rear arch. The wall surface of the front arch forms an angle of 25° with the horizontal. The wall surface of the rear arch forms an angle of 35° with the horizontal. The rear arch is provided with the fold angle and one ignition burner.

[0012] The grate is located at the bottom of the furnace chamber.

[0013] The refractory furnace wall is located on both sides of the grate.

[0014] Each of the side walls on both sides of the furnace is provided with one of the auxiliary burners;

[0015] The inlet of the first flue is located at the front middle part of the furnace, and the water-cooled walls are arranged around the first flue and extend to the middle part of the refractory furnace wall along with the front arch, the rear arch, the side walls and the skewback;

[0016] The lower part of the first flue is provided with the secondary air pipe group, and the air outlet of the secondary air pipe group forms a double-elliptical flow field in the first flue.

[0017] Optionally, the household garbage incinerator further comprises rear arch secondary air pipes;

[0018] The rear arch is further provided with a row of the rear arch secondary air pipes.

[0019] Optionally, the household garbage incinerator further comprises front arch secondary air pipes;

[0020] The front arch is provided with a row of the front arch secondary air pipes.

[0021] Optionally, the secondary air pipe group comprises 12 flue secondary air pipes;

[0022] The lower part of the front wall and the lower part of the rear wall of the first flue are each arranged with 6 flue secondary air pipes, each of which has an inclination angle with the wall surface of the first flue, and the air outlet of each flue secondary air pipe makes the air flow field formed in the first flue into two ellipses with the center line of the flue wall as the axis of symmetry.

[0023] Optionally, the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the front wall of the first flue are outward-blowing secondary air pipes blowing air to the outside of the center line of the flue wall, and the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the rear wall of the first flue are inward-blowing secondary air pipes blowing air to the inside of the center line of the flue wall;

[0024] The 6 inward-blowing secondary air pipes comprise 2 inner side inward-blowing secondary air pipes, 2 middle side inward-blowing secondary air pipes and 2 outer side inward-blowing secondary air pipes, and the 6 outward-blowing secondary air pipes comprise 2 inner side outward-blowing secondary air pipes, 2 middle side outward-blowing secondary air pipes and 2 outer side outward-blowing secondary air pipes;

[0025] Each inner side inward-blowing secondary air pipe has an angle of 8° with the center line of the flue wall;

[0026] Each middle side inward-blowing secondary air pipe has an angle of 22° with the center line of the flue wall;

[0027] Each outer side inward-blowing secondary air pipe has an angle of 33° with the center line of the flue wall;

[0028] Each inner side outer-blowing secondary air pipe has an angle of 35° with the center line of the flue wall;

[0029] Each middle side outer-blowing secondary air pipe has an angle of 24° with the center line of the flue wall;

[0030] Each outer side outer-blowing secondary air pipe has an angle of 12° with the center line of the flue wall.

[0031] A method for controlling the distribution of secondary air in a furnace, applied to an intelligent controller of a household waste incinerator as described above, the secondary air pipe group of the household waste incinerator comprising 12 flue secondary air pipes, the wall surface and wall surface of the first flue being provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, each flue secondary air pipe being equipped with an angle adjuster, each temperature sensor and each angle adjuster being connected to the intelligent controller;

[0032] The method comprises:

[0033] When the double-elliptical flow field in the flue is destroyed due to changes in the combustion conditions, the intelligent controller obtains the temperature distribution in the flue and the risk area of over-temperature of the flue wall surface according to the temperature information monitored by each temperature sensor through a temperature distribution model;

[0034] According to the risk area, the intelligent controller calls the preset flue secondary air angle adjustment strategy in the database to coarsely adjust the angles of all flue secondary air pipes, and individually finely adjusts the angles of each flue secondary air pipe through the traversal method, until a double-elliptical flow field with a stable degree within a preset stable range is re-established, so as to eliminate the risk of over-temperature of the wall surface, and update the angle data of the pipe angle data within the preset angle data value range to the database.

[0035] Optionally, the inside of the first flue of the household waste incinerator is divided into four secondary air pipe areas according to the center lines of the front and rear walls of the first flue and the center line of the flue wall, and each secondary air pipe area contains 3 flue secondary air pipes;

[0036] The method further comprises:

[0037] Obtaining temperature data of each temperature sensor, and determining an over-heating position of the wall surface according to the temperature data of each temperature sensor;

[0038] Determining a target secondary air pipe area according to the over-heating position of the wall surface;

[0039] Adjusting the angle adjuster of each flue secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area, so that each flue secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area directly blows to the over-heating position of the wall surface;

[0040] adjusting the angle adjustors of the flue gas secondary air pipes other than the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area in the group of flue gas secondary air pipes, so that the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes other than the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area forms a circulation field with the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area.

[0041] Optionally, the target flue gas secondary air pipe area is determined according to the wall overheating position, and the method comprises:

[0042] If the wall overheating position is located on the front wall of the first flue, two flue gas secondary air pipe areas located on the back wall of the first flue are determined as the target flue gas secondary air pipe areas.

[0043] If the wall overheating position is located on the back wall of the first flue, two flue gas secondary air pipe areas located on the front wall of the first flue are determined as the target flue gas secondary air pipe areas.

[0044] If the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the first flue, a symmetrical flue gas secondary air pipe area of the wall overheating position is determined as the target flue gas secondary air pipe area, and the symmetrical flue gas secondary air pipe area is a flue gas secondary air pipe area symmetrical to the flue gas secondary air pipe area where the wall overheating position is located, with the center line of the front and back walls as the axis of symmetry.

[0045] Optionally, the angle adjustors of the flue gas secondary air pipes other than the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area in the group of flue gas secondary air pipes are adjusted, so that the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes other than the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area forms a circulation field with the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area, and the method comprises:

[0046] When the wall overheating position is located on the front wall or the back wall of the first flue, a secondary air flow field coverage area formed by the air blowing of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area is determined.

[0047] For each of the flue gas secondary air pipes other than the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area in the group of flue gas secondary air pipes, a blowing direction of the flue gas secondary air pipe is determined, in which the flue gas secondary air pipe does not directly blow to the secondary air flow field coverage area, and the angle adjustor of the flue gas secondary air pipe is adjusted based on the blowing direction of the flue gas secondary air pipe, so that the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes other than the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area forms a circulation field with the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area.

[0048] Optionally, the angle adjustors of the flue gas secondary air pipes other than the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area in the group of flue gas secondary air pipes are adjusted, so that the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes other than the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area forms a circulation field with the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air pipes in the target flue gas secondary air pipe area, and the method comprises:

[0049] When the overheated location of the wall is located on the wall of the first flue, determine the blowing angle of each secondary flue in the target secondary air duct area;

[0050] Using the centerline of the flue wall as the axis of symmetry, a reverse-blowing secondary air duct area that is symmetrical to the target secondary air duct area is determined;

[0051] For each secondary air duct in the target secondary air duct area, with the center line of the flue wall as the axis of symmetry, determine the blowing angle of the reverse blowing secondary air duct in the reverse blowing secondary air duct area that is symmetrical to the secondary air duct.

[0052] Taking the intersection of the wall where the target secondary air duct area is located and the center line of the flue wall as the target point, the blowing angle of each flue secondary air duct on the other wall of the wall where the target secondary air duct area is located is determined as the angle at which the flue secondary air duct blows toward the target point.

[0053] Adjust the angle adjusters of each of the other flue secondary air ducts in the secondary air duct group (excluding the flue secondary air duct in the target secondary air duct area) according to their blowing angles, so that the air outlets of each of the other flue secondary air ducts form a circulating field with the air outlets of each flue secondary air duct in the target secondary air duct area.

[0054] By means of the above technical solution, the secondary air duct of the municipal solid waste incinerator of this application adopts a double elliptical arrangement, which has a stronger anti-interference ability compared with the double tangent circle method. Under the condition of frequent changes in combustion conditions, it can still better play the role of increasing flue gas disturbance, improving flow field uniformity and protecting the wall surface from overheating. Furthermore, by increasing the tilt angle of the rear arch, the flame deflection angle is increased, which improves the stable combustion effect of the furnace, making it easier for newly fed waste to dry, release volatiles, and ignite, thereby enhancing the stable combustion capability of the incinerator. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an existing central flow incinerator provided in this application;

[0057] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the duct layout of a secondary air duct for an existing central flow incinerator provided in this application;

[0058] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a municipal solid waste incinerator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a kind of air pipe arrangement of the secondary air pipe of household garbage incinerator flue provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0060] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the front and rear wall center line, flue wall center line, secondary air pipe area and secondary air flow field coverage area of the secondary air pipe of household garbage incinerator flue provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0061] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the process for realizing flue secondary air distribution control provided by the embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely in the embodiments of the application in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0063] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a kind of household garbage incinerator provided by the embodiment of the application. As shown in Fig. 3, the household garbage incinerator can include:

[0064] furnace, grate 1, ignition burner 6, auxiliary burner 7, refractory furnace wall 8, first flue 10, water-cooled wall, elbow angle 11, secondary air pipe group 12, front arch secondary air pipe 13 and rear arch secondary air pipe 14.

[0065] The furnace includes front arch 4 and rear arch 5.

[0066] The wall surface of the front arch 4 forms an angle of 25° with the horizontal.

[0067] The wall surface of the rear arch 5 forms an angle of 35° with the horizontal, and the rear arch 5 is provided with the elbow angle 11 and one of the ignition burners 6.

[0068] It can be understood that by arranging the ignition burner 6 at the rear arch 5 of the furnace, since the space of the rear arch 5 is relatively open, the arrangement position of the ignition burner 6 is easier to avoid other measuring points such as thermocouples and pressure measuring tubes, reduce the interference of the ignition burner 6 flame on the measured parameters, and at the same time reduce the interference of other flames on the flame monitoring system of the ignition burner 6 during the ignition process, so that each measurement data can more closely reflect the actual combustion condition in the furnace.

[0069] The grate 1 is located at the bottom of the furnace, and the front end of the grate is provided with a feeding port 2, and the tail end of the grate is provided with a slag discharge port 3.

[0070] Specifically, the grate 1 can have a large vertical drop between each level, which can use the impact force during falling to increase the crushing and turning effect of the garbage layer, and does not need to design a separate poking device, the garbage layer has a high combustion effect, the garbage is well burned, and the longitudinal length of the grate can be shortened to save the initial investment cost and construction space.

[0071] The refractory furnace wall 8 is located on both sides of the grate 1.

[0072] Each of the side walls 9 on both sides of the furnace chamber is provided with one of the auxiliary burners 7.

[0073] The inlet of the first flue 10 is located in the front middle part of the furnace chamber, and the water-cooled wall is arranged around the first flue 10, and the water-cooled wall extends to the middle part of the refractory furnace wall 8 along with the front arch 4, the rear arch 5, the side wall 9 and the fold angle 11.

[0074] It can be understood that since the household garbage incinerator is provided with a fold angle 11 at the inlet of the flue, it can intercept a part of the radiation heat in the furnace chamber and enhance the flow disturbance and combustion efficiency of the flue gas in the furnace chamber, improve the temperature level in the furnace chamber, and make the garbage entering the furnace can realize self-ignition, combustion and burnout more stably, and reduce the frequency of adjusting the incinerator.

[0075] The lower part of the first flue 10 is provided with the secondary air pipe group 12, and the air outlet of the secondary air pipe group 12 forms an oval air flow field in the first flue 10.

[0076] Further, the rear arch 5 is further provided with a row of rear arch secondary air pipes 14.

[0077] Further, the front arch 4 is provided with a row of front arch secondary air pipes 13.

[0078] It can be understood that, due to the adoption of the staged arrangement scheme for the secondary air of the household waste incinerator, there is a row of secondary air injection ports on the front arch 4 and the rear arch 5 of the hearth, which can play a role in separately adjusting the gas-phase combustion in the hearth. Similarly, the secondary air in the flue can also separately adjust the flow field in the flue. When the waste has a high calorific value and contains a large amount of combustible material, the secondary air distribution amount of the arch part of the hearth can be appropriately increased, so that more combustion occurs in the hearth, and then the flue secondary air adjusts the temperature of the flue gas in the flue, so as to realize separate adjustment of combustion and flue gas temperature, thereby significantly reducing the adjustment difficulty of the combustion. When the waste has a low calorific value, the secondary air amount of the arch part can be appropriately reduced, and the secondary air amount of the flue can be increased, so that more combustible gas enters the first flue to burn, and the temperature level of the first flue 10 is maintained above 850°C required by the environmental protection index. Compared with the centralized arrangement of the secondary air, the staged arrangement can reduce the overall coupling effect of the secondary air on the combustion in the furnace, enhance the adjustment capability and accuracy of the secondary air on the gas-phase combustion and the temperature in the furnace, simplify the control logic of the automatic control system, and improve the stability of the entire incineration system.

[0079] Further, the secondary air pipe group 12 includes 12 flue secondary air pipes, as shown in FIG. 4.

[0080] Among them, the lower part of the front wall and the lower part of the rear wall of the first flue 10 are each arranged with 6 flue secondary air pipes, each flue secondary air pipe has an inclination angle with the wall surface of the first flue 10, and the air flow field formed in the first flue 10 by each flue secondary air pipe is an ellipse with the center line of the flue wall as the axis of symmetry.

[0081] Further, the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the front wall of the first flue 10 can be outward blowing secondary air pipes blowing air outward from the center line of the flue wall, and the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the rear wall of the first flue 10 can be inward blowing secondary air pipes blowing air inward from the center line of the flue wall.

[0082] Specifically, when the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the front wall of the first flue 10 are outward blowing secondary air pipes blowing air outward from the center line of the flue wall, the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the rear wall of the first flue 10 are inward blowing secondary air pipes blowing air inward from the center line of the flue wall. When the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the front wall of the first flue 10 are inward blowing secondary air pipes blowing air inward from the center line of the flue wall, the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the rear wall of the first flue 10 are outward blowing secondary air pipes blowing air outward from the center line of the flue wall.

[0083] The six inner-blowing secondary air pipes include two inner-side inner-blowing secondary air pipes, two middle-side inner-blowing secondary air pipes and two outer-side inner-blowing secondary air pipes, and the six outer-blowing secondary air pipes include two inner-side outer-blowing secondary air pipes, two middle-side outer-blowing secondary air pipes and two outer-side outer-blowing secondary air pipes.

[0084] Specifically, the angle between each inner-side inner-blowing secondary air pipe and the flue wall center line can be 8°.

[0085] The angle between each middle-side inner-blowing secondary air pipe and the flue wall center line can be 22°.

[0086] The angle between each outer-side inner-blowing secondary air pipe and the flue wall center line can be 33°.

[0087] The angle between each inner-side outer-blowing secondary air pipe and the flue wall center line can be 35°.

[0088] The angle between each middle-side outer-blowing secondary air pipe and the flue wall center line can be 24°.

[0089] The angle between each outer-side outer-blowing secondary air pipe and the flue wall center line can be 12°.

[0090] It can be understood that, by arranging the flue secondary air pipes as double ellipses, the anti-interference ability is stronger than that of the double tangent circle mode, and in the case of frequent changes in combustion conditions, the flue secondary air pipes can still better play the role of increasing flue gas disturbance, improving flow field uniformity and protecting the wall surface from overheating.

[0091] Next, the use mode of the household waste incinerator of the present application is introduced.

[0092] In combination with FIG. 3, the household waste is delivered to the grate 1 through the feeding port 2 and moves to the slag outlet 3 under the mechanical movement of the grate 1. The ventilation port on the grate 1 sends out high-temperature primary air to heat the waste layer. In this process, the waste will successively experience the stages of drying, volatile component precipitation, ignition, combustion and burnout. The solid-state slag after burnout is discharged from the incinerator through the slag outlet. The volatile components precipitated from the waste are mainly combustible gases, and the combustion of the combustible gases in the incinerator is called gas-phase combustion or secondary combustion. The combustion of the solid-state combustible materials in the waste layer on the grate is called solid-phase combustion or primary combustion. The combustible gases are combusted in the gas-phase space in the furnace under the mixing and combustion-supporting of the primary air and the secondary air in the arch. A part of the combustible gases that have not been combusted in the furnace flow into the first flue 10 with the flue gas and are combusted under the combustion-supporting of the secondary air in the flue. A part of the heat released by the gas-phase and solid-phase combustion is absorbed by the boiler working medium through the heat exchange surface such as the water-cooled wall and the superheater, and steam is generated. The steam drives the steam engine to generate electricity.

[0093] When the automatic control system is put into operation, the control logic regulates the load of the unit by measuring the steam output of the boiler, and when the steam output is lower than the set value, the amount of garbage feed is increased, and vice versa.

[0094] The household garbage incinerator provided by the embodiment has stronger anti-interference ability compared with the double-cut circle mode, and can still better increase the flue gas disturbance, improve the flow field uniformity and protect the wall surface from overheating in the case of frequent changes in combustion conditions, and by increasing the inclination angle of the rear arch and increasing the fold angle, the stable combustion effect of the furnace is improved, the newly fed garbage is easier to dry, volatilize and ignite, and the stable combustion capacity of the incinerator is enhanced.

[0095] Considering that the high-temperature flue gas generated by incinerated garbage flows inside the first flue 10 of the household garbage incinerator, which may cause overheating by sticking to the wall, based on this, the application provides a flue secondary air distribution control method, which can be applied to the intelligent controller of the household garbage incinerator.

[0096] Specifically, the method can include the following steps:

[0097] S1, when the double-elliptical flow field in the furnace is destroyed due to changes in the combustion condition, the intelligent controller obtains the temperature distribution in the furnace and the risk area of the furnace wall overheating according to the temperature information monitored by each temperature sensor through a temperature distribution model.

[0098] S2, according to the risk area, the intelligent controller calls the preset flue secondary air angle adjustment strategy in the database to coarsely adjust the angle of all flue secondary air pipes.

[0099] S3, the angle of each flue secondary air pipe is individually finely adjusted through the traversal method until the double-elliptical flow field with a stable degree within the preset stable range is re-established to eliminate the risk of wall overheating, and the pipe angle data within the preset angle data value range is updated to the database.

[0100] It can be understood that when the angle of each flue secondary air pipe is finely adjusted, the double-elliptical flow field needs to be stable enough, and the pipe angle data needs to be good for eliminating the risk of wall overheating.

[0101] In some embodiments of the present application, a detailed control strategy of the furnace secondary air distribution control method is given. In the control strategy, the inside of the first flue 10 of the household waste incinerator is divided into four secondary air pipe areas according to the front and rear wall center lines and the flue wall center line of the first flue 10, each secondary air pipe area contains 3 flue secondary air pipes, the wall surface and the wall surface of the first flue 10 are provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, each flue secondary air pipe is provided with an angle adjuster, and each temperature sensor and each angle adjuster are connected with an intelligent controller. Then the intelligent controller can control the angle adjuster provided in each flue secondary air pipe. Among them, the front and rear wall center lines, the flue wall center line and the secondary air pipe area are shown in Figure 5, the secondary air pipe areas A, B, C and D are divided by the front and rear wall center lines and the flue wall center line, and each of the secondary air pipe areas A, B, C and D contains 3 flue secondary air pipes.

[0102] The specific implementation process of the furnace secondary air distribution control method realized by the above control strategy is shown in Figure 6, which can include:

[0103] Step S110, obtaining temperature data of each temperature sensor, and determining a wall surface overheating position according to the temperature data of each temperature sensor.

[0104] Specifically, when the highest temperature data in the temperature data of each temperature sensor is greater than a preset temperature, the position of the temperature sensor corresponding to the highest temperature data can be determined as the wall surface overheating position.

[0105] Step S120, determining a target secondary air pipe area according to the wall surface overheating position.

[0106] Specifically, according to the different wall surface overheating positions, the determined target secondary air pipe area can be divided into the following three cases:

[0107] First, if the wall surface overheating position is located on the front wall of the first flue 10, two secondary air pipe areas located on the rear wall of the first flue 10 are determined as the target secondary air pipe areas.

[0108] As shown in Figure 5, if the wall surface overheating position is located on the front wall, then the target secondary air pipe areas can be determined as the secondary air pipe area B and the secondary air pipe area D.

[0109] Second, if the wall surface overheating position is located on the rear wall of the first flue 10, two secondary air pipe areas located on the front wall of the first flue 10 are determined as the target secondary air pipe areas.

[0110] As shown in Figure 5, if the wall surface overheating position is located on the rear wall, then the target secondary air pipe areas can be determined as the secondary air pipe area A and the secondary air pipe area C.

[0111] Thirdly, if the wall overheating position is not located on the front wall or the back wall, but on the wall of the first flue 10, the symmetrical secondary air pipe area of the wall overheating position is determined as the target secondary air pipe area.

[0112] Specifically, the symmetrical secondary air pipe area is a secondary air pipe area symmetrical to the secondary air pipe area where the wall overheating position is located, with the front-back wall center line as the axis of symmetry.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 5, if the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the secondary air pipe area A, the target secondary air pipe area can be determined as the secondary air pipe area B. If the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the secondary air pipe area B, the target secondary air pipe area can be determined as the secondary air pipe area A. If the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the secondary air pipe area C, the target secondary air pipe area can be determined as the secondary air pipe area D. If the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the secondary air pipe area D, the target secondary air pipe area can be determined as the secondary air pipe area C.

[0114] Step S130, adjusting the angle adjuster of each secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area, so that each secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area directly blows to the wall overheating position.

[0115] As shown in FIG. 5, when the wall overheating position is located at the intersection of the front wall and the front-back wall center line, all the secondary air pipes of the back wall are aligned to the intersection to directly blow to the wall overheating position.

[0116] Step S140, adjusting the angle adjuster of the other secondary air pipes in the secondary air pipe group except the secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area, so that the air outlet of each of the other secondary air pipes and the air outlet of each secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area form a circulation field.

[0117] Specifically, according to the specific location of the wall overheating position, the process of adjusting the angle adjuster of the other secondary air pipes can be divided into the following two cases:

[0118] 1) S1411, when the wall overheating position is located on the front wall or the back wall of the first flue, the secondary air flow field coverage area formed by the blowing of each secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area is determined.

[0119] Specifically, the secondary air flow field coverage area is shown in FIG. 5, when the wall overheating position is located at the intersection of the front wall and the front-back wall center line, all the secondary air pipes of the back wall are aligned to the intersection to form the secondary air flow field coverage area as shown by the dashed triangle.

[0120] S1412, for each of the other flue gas secondary air ducts in the flue gas secondary air duct group except the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region, determine the blowing direction of the other flue gas secondary air duct not directly blowing to the flue gas secondary air flow field coverage region, and based on the blowing direction of the other flue gas secondary air duct, adjust the angle adjuster of the other flue gas secondary air duct to make the air outlet of each of the other flue gas secondary air ducts form a circulation flow field with the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region.

[0121] For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the wall overheating position is located on the front wall, all the flue gas secondary air ducts of the rear wall are the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region, and all the flue gas secondary air ducts of the front wall are the other flue gas secondary air ducts. Since the flue gas secondary air ducts of the rear wall directly blow to the wall overheating position on the front wall, the other flue gas secondary air ducts of the front wall can be adjusted to the angle direction not directly blowing to the flue gas secondary air flow field coverage region under the condition of needing to form a circulation flow field. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner side outward blowing flue gas secondary air duct of the lower part of the front wall is adjusted to blow outward by 35°, the middle side outward blowing flue gas secondary air duct is adjusted to blow outward by 24°, and the outer side outward blowing flue gas secondary air duct is adjusted to blow outward by 12°.

[0122] 2) S1421, when the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the first flue, determine the blowing angle of each flue gas secondary air duct in the target flue gas secondary air duct region.

[0123] For example, when the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the flue gas secondary air duct region B as shown in FIG. 5, the flue gas secondary air duct region A is the target flue gas secondary air duct region, and the direction of the three flue gas secondary air ducts in the flue gas secondary air duct region A is determined accordingly.

[0124] S1422, determine the reverse blowing flue gas secondary air duct region symmetrical to the target flue gas secondary air duct region with the flue wall center line as the symmetry axis.

[0125] For example, when the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the flue gas secondary air duct region B as shown in FIG. 5, the flue gas secondary air duct region A is the target flue gas secondary air duct region, and the flue gas secondary air duct region C is the reverse blowing flue gas secondary air duct region.

[0126] S1423, for each flue gas secondary air duct in the target flue gas secondary air duct region, determine the blowing angle of the reverse blowing flue gas secondary air duct symmetrical to the flue gas secondary air duct in the reverse blowing flue gas secondary air duct region with the flue wall center line as the symmetry axis.

[0127] For example, when the wall overheating position is located on the wall of secondary air pipe area B as shown in FIG. 5, and assuming that the angle directions of the three flue secondary air pipes in secondary air pipe area A are respectively 35° outward for the inner outward-blowing secondary air pipe, 24° outward for the middle outward-blowing secondary air pipe, and 12° outward for the outer outward-blowing secondary air pipe, then the angle directions of the three secondary air pipes in secondary air pipe area C are respectively 35° outward for the inner outward-blowing secondary air pipe, 24° outward for the middle outward-blowing secondary air pipe, and 12° outward for the outer outward-blowing secondary air pipe.

[0128] S1424, determining the blowing angle of each flue secondary air pipe on another wall of the wall surface on which the target secondary air pipe area is located as the angle of the flue secondary air pipe blowing towards the target point.

[0129] For example, when the wall overheating position is located on the wall of secondary air pipe area B as shown in FIG. 5, and assuming that the angle directions of the three flue secondary air pipes in secondary air pipe area A are respectively 35° outward for the inner outward-blowing secondary air pipe, 24° outward for the middle outward-blowing secondary air pipe, and 12° outward for the outer outward-blowing secondary air pipe, then the angle directions of the three secondary air pipes in secondary air pipe area C are respectively 35° outward for the inner outward-blowing secondary air pipe, 24° outward for the middle outward-blowing secondary air pipe, and 12° outward for the outer outward-blowing secondary air pipe.

[0130] S1425, adjusting the angle adjuster of each of the other flue secondary air pipes except the flue secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area according to the blowing angle of the flue secondary air pipe, so that the air outlet of each of the other flue secondary air pipes forms a circulation field with the air outlet of each of the flue secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area.

[0131] The furnace secondary air distribution control method provided by the embodiment, by obtaining the temperature data of each temperature sensor, determining the wall overheating position according to the temperature data of each temperature sensor, determining the target secondary air pipe area according to the wall overheating position, adjusting the angle adjuster of each flue secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area, so that each flue secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area directly blows towards the wall overheating position, and adjusting the angle adjuster of the other flue secondary air pipe except the flue secondary air pipe in the target secondary air pipe area, so that the air outlet of each of the other flue secondary air pipes forms a circulation field with the air outlet of each of the flue secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area, effectively restraining the high-temperature flue gas in the middle part of the flue, so that the wall surface and the wall surface in the first flue 10 are not overheated, effectively preventing overtemperature.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, herein do not denote any order, quantity, combination, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another, and are not intended to denote the presence of any such actual relationship or order. Moreover, the terms "include", "have", or any other variant thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusions, such that processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a list of elements are not required to comprise only those elements in the list, but can include other elements not expressly listed, or also include elements inherent in such processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses. Without additional restrictions, an element preceded by "comprises... a" does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the stated element.

[0133] The various embodiments in the specification are described in progressive order with each embodiment building on the previous one, and each embodiment can be combined with other embodiments in any way technically possible. The same or similar parts and principles in the embodiments can be interchanged in the same way.

[0134] The above description of disclosed embodiments provides enabling disclosure sufficient for one of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A household garbage incinerator, characterized by comprising: The furnace chamber, the grate, the ignition burner, the auxiliary burner, the refractory furnace wall, the first flue, the water-cooled wall, the arch dam and the secondary air pipe group; The furnace chamber includes a front arch and a rear arch, the wall surface of the front arch forms an angle of 25° with the horizontal, and the wall surface of the rear arch forms an angle of 35° with the horizontal, and the rear arch is provided with the arch dam and one ignition burner; The grate is located at the bottom of the furnace chamber; The refractory furnace wall is located on both sides of the grate; Each of the side walls on both sides of the furnace chamber is provided with one auxiliary burner; The inlet of the first flue is located at the front middle part of the furnace chamber, the water-cooled wall is arranged around the first flue, and the water-cooled wall extends to the middle part of the refractory furnace wall along with the front arch, the rear arch, the side wall and the arch dam; The lower part of the first flue is provided with the secondary air pipe group, and the air outlet of the secondary air pipe group forms an oval air flow field in the first flue.

2. The household waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein The rear arch secondary air pipe is further provided on the rear arch. The rear arch is further provided with a row of rear arch secondary air pipes.

3. The household waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein The front arch secondary air pipe is further provided on the front arch. The front arch is provided with a row of front arch secondary air pipes.

4. The household waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The secondary air pipe group includes 12 flue secondary air pipes; The lower part of the front wall and the lower part of the rear wall of the first flue are each arranged with 6 flue secondary air pipes, each flue secondary air pipe forms an angle with the wall surface of the first flue, and the air outlet of each flue secondary air pipe forms an oval air flow field in the first flue with the center line of the flue wall as the axis of symmetry.

5. The household waste incinerator according to claim 4, wherein The 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the front wall of the first flue are outward blowing secondary air pipes blowing air outward to the center line of the flue wall, and the 6 flue secondary air pipes of the lower part of the rear wall of the first flue are inward blowing secondary air pipes blowing air inward to the center line of the flue wall; The 6 inward blowing secondary air pipes include 2 inner side inward blowing secondary air pipes, 2 middle side inward blowing secondary air pipes and 2 outer side inward blowing secondary air pipes, and the 6 outward blowing secondary air pipes include 2 inner side outward blowing secondary air pipes, 2 middle side outward blowing secondary air pipes and 2 outer side outward blowing secondary air pipes; Each inner side inward blowing secondary air pipe forms an angle of 8° with the center line of the flue wall; Each middle side inward blowing secondary air pipe forms an angle of 22° with the center line of the flue wall; Each outer side inward blowing secondary air pipe forms an angle of 33° with the center line of the flue wall; Each inner side outward blowing secondary air pipe forms an angle of 35° with the center line of the flue wall; Each middle side outward blowing secondary air pipe forms an angle of 24° with the center line of the flue wall; Each outer side outward blowing secondary air pipe forms an angle of 12° with the center line of the flue wall.

6. A method of control of furnace overfire air distribution, characterized by, The intelligent controller is applied to the household waste incinerator in claim 1, the secondary air pipe group of the household waste incinerator includes 12 flue secondary air pipes, the wall surface and the wall surface of the first flue are provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, each flue secondary air pipe is provided with an angle adjuster, and each temperature sensor and each angle adjuster are connected with the intelligent controller; The method comprises: When the combustion condition changes and the double-elliptical flow field in the furnace is destroyed, the intelligent controller obtains the temperature distribution in the furnace and the risk area of the wall surface over-temperature according to the temperature information monitored by each temperature sensor through a temperature distribution model; According to the risk area, the intelligent controller calls the preset flue secondary air angle adjustment strategy in the database to coarsely adjust the angles of all flue secondary air pipes, and individually finely adjusts the angles of the flue secondary air pipes through the traversal method until the double-elliptical flow field with a stable degree within the preset stable range is re-established, so as to eliminate the wall surface over-temperature risk, and update the angle data of the pipe angle data within the preset angle data value range to the database.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The first flue of the household waste incinerator is divided into four secondary air pipe areas according to the center lines of the front and rear walls and the flue wall, and each secondary air pipe area contains three flue secondary air pipes; The method further comprises: obtaining temperature data of each temperature sensor and determining a wall surface over-temperature position according to the temperature data of each temperature sensor, obtaining temperature data of each temperature sensor and determining a wall surface over-temperature position according to the temperature data of each temperature sensor, adjusting the angle adjustors of the flue secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area so that the flue secondary air pipes directly blow to the wall surface over-temperature position; adjusting the angle adjustors of the flue secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area so that the flue secondary air pipes directly blow to the wall surface over-temperature position; adjusting the angle adjustors of the flue secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area so that the flue secondary air pipes directly blow to the wall surface over-temperature position.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, According to the wall surface over-temperature position, determining a target secondary air pipe area comprises: if the wall surface over-temperature position is located on the front wall of the first flue, determining two secondary air pipe areas located on the rear wall of the first flue as the target secondary air pipe area; if the wall surface over-temperature position is located on the rear wall of the first flue, determining two secondary air pipe areas located on the front wall of the first flue as the target secondary air pipe area; if the wall surface over-temperature position is located on the wall surface of the first flue, determining a symmetric secondary air pipe area of the wall surface over-temperature position as the target secondary air pipe area, the symmetric secondary air pipe area being a secondary air pipe area symmetric to the secondary air pipe area where the wall surface over-temperature position is located with the center lines of the front and rear walls as the symmetric axis.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, adjusting the angle adjustors of the flue secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area so that the flue secondary air pipes directly blow to the wall surface over-temperature position; if the wall surface over-temperature position is located on the front wall or the rear wall of the first flue, determining a secondary air flow field coverage area formed by the blowing of the flue secondary air pipes in the target secondary air pipe area to the wall surface over-temperature position; For each of the other flue gas secondary air ducts in the flue gas secondary air duct group except the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region, it is determined that the blowing direction of the other flue gas secondary air duct is not directly blowing to the flue gas secondary air flow field coverage region, and based on the blowing direction of the other flue gas secondary air duct, the angle adjuster of the other flue gas secondary air duct is adjusted to make the air outlet of each of the other flue gas secondary air ducts form a circulation flow field with the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region. Adjusting the angle adjuster of the other flue gas secondary air ducts in the flue gas secondary air duct group except the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region to make the air outlet of each of the other flue gas secondary air ducts form a circulation flow field with the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region, comprises:

10. The method of claim 8, wherein, When the wall overheating position is located on the wall of the first flue, the blowing angle of each flue gas secondary air duct in the target flue gas secondary air duct region is determined; With the flue wall center line as the symmetry axis, a reverse blowing flue gas secondary air duct region symmetrical to the target flue gas secondary air duct region is determined; For each flue gas secondary air duct in the target flue gas secondary air duct region, the blowing angle of the reverse blowing flue gas secondary air duct symmetrical to the flue gas secondary air duct in the reverse blowing flue gas secondary air duct region is determined with the flue wall center line as the symmetry axis; With the intersection of the wall surface where the target flue gas secondary air duct region is located and the flue wall center line as the target point, the blowing angle of each flue gas secondary air duct on another wall surface of the wall surface where the target flue gas secondary air duct region is located is determined as the angle of the flue gas secondary air duct blowing to the target point; The angle adjuster of each of the other flue gas secondary air ducts in the flue gas secondary air duct group except the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region is adjusted according to the blowing angle of the other flue gas secondary air duct to make the air outlet of each of the other flue gas secondary air ducts form a circulation flow field with the air outlet of each of the flue gas secondary air ducts in the target flue gas secondary air duct region. ​

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