Battery power supply architecture and automobile

Abstract

The present application discloses a battery power supply architecture and an automobile. The connection mode between a first battery pack and a second battery pack is controlled by means of a battery pack management circuit, so that the battery pack management circuit, the first battery pack, and the second battery pack form a battery, and two ends of the battery pack management circuit are respectively used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the new battery. In addition, a main control circuit controls a main battery management circuit and the battery pack management circuit on the basis of the voltage of the first battery pack and the voltage of the second battery pack, so that the state of charge of the first battery pack and the state of charge of the second battery pack can be balanced, enabling the voltage of the first battery pack to be consistent with the voltage of the second battery pack, avoiding the problems of potential safety hazards caused by the occurrence of a circulating current between the first battery pack and the second battery pack due to inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery packs caused by differences in use environments, differences in battery cells, and differences in discharging and charging rates during use of the battery packs.

Description

Battery power architecture, automobiles

[0001] This application incorporates Chinese Patent Application No. 202410799604.0, filed on June 19, 2024, entitled “Battery Powered Architecture, Automobile”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of automotive technology, specifically to a battery-powered architecture and an automobile. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, the charging voltage of battery systems is generally below 400V, which limits further improvements in fast charging speed. Therefore, developing high-voltage, high-rate charging has become one of the mainstream solutions to further improve charging speed. Most charging stations on the market do not support high-voltage (800V) charging, which restricts the further development of high-voltage charging and hinders the promotion of high-voltage 800V battery systems. Most existing charging stations operate at 400V. When new energy electric vehicles equipped with 800V high-voltage fast charging technology enter the market, the replacement of basic charging infrastructure will not be achieved overnight. The coexistence of charging stations with both voltage levels will become the norm, and 800V new energy electric vehicles may face a shortage of 800V charging stations.

[0004] However, in the traditional 400V / 800V series-parallel switching architecture, the two 400V battery packs may have inconsistent charge levels due to factors such as usage environment, cell differences, and charge / discharge rates, resulting in inter-pack circulating current issues. Technical issues

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery power supply architecture and automobile, which can solve the problem that the two 400V battery packs in the current vehicle power supply rack have inconsistent power levels due to factors such as the usage environment, differences in cell size, and charging and discharging rates. Technical solutions

[0006] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery power supply architecture and automobile, which can solve the problem that the two 400V battery packs in the current vehicle power supply rack have inconsistent power levels due to factors such as the usage environment, differences in cell size, and charging and discharging rates.

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides a battery power supply architecture, including: a charging and discharging terminal, a first battery pack, a second battery pack, a battery pack management circuit, a main battery management circuit, a first DC-DC circuit, a main control circuit, and a high-voltage load terminal;

[0008] The battery pack management circuit is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, respectively;

[0009] The positive and negative terminals of the charging and discharging terminals are respectively connected to the two ends of the battery pack management circuit via the main battery management circuit;

[0010] The positive and negative terminals of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the charging and discharging terminals, respectively, and the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit is connected to the high-voltage load terminal.

[0011] The battery pack management circuit and the first DC-DC circuit are controlled by the main control circuit to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series or in parallel according to the voltage of the charging and discharging terminals, and to balance the charge of the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the voltage at both ends of the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0012] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery pack management circuit is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively. The main control circuit controls the connection method between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, so that the battery pack management circuit, the first battery pack, and the second battery pack form a battery. The two ends of the battery pack management circuit serve as the positive and negative terminals of the new battery, respectively. Furthermore, the main control circuit controls the main battery management circuit and the battery pack management circuit according to the voltage of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, which can balance the charge of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, thereby making the voltage of the first battery pack and the second battery pack consistent. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltage at the two ends of the battery pack due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rate differences during use, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery-powered architecture further includes:

[0014] A voltage conversion switch circuit is connected between the first DC-DC circuit and the charging / discharging terminal. The voltage conversion switch circuit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the operating state of the first DC-DC circuit.

[0015] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the voltage conversion switch circuit is connected between the first DC-DC circuit and the charging / discharging terminal. The main control circuit can control the switching state of the voltage conversion switch circuit and control the voltage conversion direction of the first DC-DC circuit. The first DC-DC circuit converts the voltage input at the charging / discharging terminal into a corresponding high voltage to supply power to the high-voltage load terminal, thereby enabling the high-voltage load terminal to be powered when the charging / discharging terminal is connected to a low voltage.

[0016] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion switch circuit includes: a first conversion switch and a second conversion switch, wherein the first conversion switch is connected between the positive terminal of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit and the positive terminal of the charging / discharging terminal, and the second conversion switch is connected between the negative terminal of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit and the negative terminal of the charging / discharging terminal.

[0017] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first changeover switch and the second changeover switch control the positive and negative inputs or outputs of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit, respectively. The main control circuit can control the switching states of the first changeover switch and the second changeover switch, and control the voltage conversion direction of the first DC-DC circuit. The first DC-DC circuit converts the voltage input at the charging and discharging terminal into the corresponding high voltage to supply power to the high voltage load terminal, so as to supply power to the high voltage load terminal when the charging and discharging terminal is connected to a low voltage.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first DC-DC circuit includes an LLC converter in an on-board charger.

[0019] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by reusing the LLC converter in the on-board charger, when the input voltage at the charging and discharging end is low, the input low voltage is converted into the high voltage required by the high voltage load end via the LLC converter in the on-board charger, thereby providing the working voltage for the high voltage load and reducing the size and cost of the vehicle power supply architecture.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first DCDC circuit further includes:

[0021] A power factor corrector is connected to the LLC converter, and the power factor corrector is controlled by the main control circuit to correct the power factor of the LLC converter.

[0022] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the power factor of the LLC converter can be corrected by a power factor corrector, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the LLC converter.

[0023] In some embodiments, the battery-powered architecture includes:

[0024] The vehicle capacitor is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the charging / discharging terminal.

[0025] In some embodiments, the battery-powered architecture further includes: a second DC-DC circuit and a low-voltage battery;

[0026] The low-voltage battery is connected to the second terminal of the first DCDC circuit via the second DCDC circuit.

[0027] The second DC-DC circuit is controlled by the main control circuit to convert the voltage at the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit to a low voltage to charge the low-voltage battery, or is controlled by the main control circuit to convert the low voltage provided by the low-voltage battery to a high voltage and output it to the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit.

[0028] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the second DC-DC circuit is connected between the low-voltage battery and the first DC-DC circuit. The working state of the second DC-DC circuit is controlled by the main control circuit. The second DC-DC circuit converts the voltage at the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit into a low voltage to charge the low-voltage battery. The second DC-DC circuit can also convert the low voltage provided by the low-voltage battery into a high voltage and output it to the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit to realize the charging and discharging management of the low-voltage battery.

[0029] In some embodiments, the battery pack management circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a fifth switch;

[0030] The first terminal of the first switch and the first terminal of the second switch are connected to the main battery management circuit. The second terminal of the first switch and the first terminal of the fifth switch are connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack. The second terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery pack. The negative terminal of the second battery pack, the second terminal of the fifth switch, and the first terminal of the fourth switch are connected together. The negative terminal of the first battery pack is connected to the first terminal of the third switch. The second terminals of the third switch and the second terminals of the fourth switch are connected to the main battery management circuit.

[0031] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the fifth switch is connected between the positive terminal of the first battery pack and the negative terminal of the second battery pack. The first and third switches are respectively disposed at both ends of the first battery pack, and the second and fourth switches are respectively disposed at both ends of the second battery pack. When the first and fourth switches are off, and the second, fifth, and third switches are on, the first and second battery packs are connected in series, and the first, second, and battery management circuits can form a new battery with a higher voltage at both ends. When the first, second, third, and fourth switches are all on, and the fifth switch is off, the first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, and the first, second, and battery management circuits can form a new battery with a lower voltage at both ends. Thus, by combining the first and second battery packs through the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switches, the purpose of adapting the voltage at the charging and discharging ends can be achieved. Furthermore, by controlling the switching states of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switches, the charging and discharging of the first or second battery pack can be independently controlled, achieving the purpose of voltage balancing between the first and second battery packs.

[0032] In some embodiments, the main battery management circuit includes: a main relay, a sixth switch, and a seventh switch;

[0033] One end of the main relay is connected to one end of the battery pack management circuit, and the other end of the main relay is connected to the positive terminal of the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit via the sixth switch. The other end of the battery management circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit via the seventh switch.

[0034] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the main relay, the sixth switch, and the seventh switch can all be controlled by the main control circuit. The main relay can be used to control the charging and discharging process of the first battery pack and / or the second battery pack. The positive terminal of the charging and discharging terminal can also be connected to the positive terminal of the high-voltage load terminal via the sixth switch, and the negative terminal of the charging and discharging terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the high-voltage load terminal via the seventh switch. When a high voltage is applied to the charging and discharging terminal, the charging and discharging terminal can supply power to the high-voltage load terminal via the sixth and seventh switches. When a low voltage is applied to the charging and discharging terminal, the sixth and seventh switches are disconnected, and the low voltage can be boosted by the first DC-DC circuit to obtain the corresponding high voltage, which is then output to the high-voltage load terminal from the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit.

[0035] In some embodiments, the main battery management circuit further includes: a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor;

[0036] The precharge relay and the precharge resistor are connected in series and then in parallel with the main relay.

[0037] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the operating state of the battery pack management circuit so that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series when the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal is a first threshold voltage, and to control the first DC-DC circuit to disconnect from the charging / discharging terminal.

[0038] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first threshold voltage can be a high voltage. The first threshold voltage is consistent with the sum of the voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. When the voltage at the charging and discharging end is the first threshold voltage, the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be connected in series to form a new battery through the battery management circuit. The first DC-DC circuit is disconnected from the charging and discharging end, the first DC-DC circuit stops working, and the charging and discharging end can supply power to the high-voltage load end through the sixth switch and the seventh switch.

[0039] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the first switch, the fourth switch, the first changeover switch, and the second changeover switch to disconnect when the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal is a first threshold voltage, and to control the second switch, the fifth switch, the third switch, the main relay, the sixth switch, and the seventh switch to turn on.

[0040] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first threshold voltage can be a high voltage, and the first threshold voltage is consistent with the sum of the voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. When the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal is the first threshold voltage, the first and fourth switches are open, and the second, third, and fifth switches are closed. The first and second battery packs are connected in series to form a new battery, and the charging / discharging terminal charges the new battery via the main relay. The first DC-DC circuit is disconnected from the charging / discharging terminal, the first DC-DC circuit stops working, and the sixth and seventh switches are closed. The charging / discharging terminal can supply power to the high-voltage load terminal via the sixth and seventh switches.

[0041] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the operating state of the battery pack management circuit so that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel when the voltage at the charging and discharging terminal is a second threshold voltage, and to control the first DC-DC circuit to convert the voltage provided at the charging and discharging terminal into a first threshold voltage and output it to the high-voltage load terminal or the second DC-DC circuit.

[0042] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the second threshold voltage can be a low voltage, and the second threshold voltage is consistent with the voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. When the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal is the second threshold voltage, the battery pack management circuit controls the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in parallel to form a new battery. The charging / discharging terminal charges the new battery via the main relay. The first DC-DC circuit is connected to the charging / discharging terminal, and the first DC-DC circuit converts the low voltage input at the charging / discharging terminal into a high voltage output to the high-voltage load terminal or the second DC-DC circuit.

[0043] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the fifth switch, the sixth switch, and the seventh switch to disconnect when the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal is a second threshold voltage, and to control the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, the main relay, the first changeover switch, and the second changeover switch to turn on, so as to control the first DC-DC circuit to convert the voltage provided at the charging / discharging terminal into a first threshold voltage and output it to the high-voltage load terminal or the second DC-DC circuit.

[0044] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the second threshold voltage can be a low voltage, and the second threshold voltage is consistent with the voltage of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. When the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal is the second threshold voltage, the fifth switch is open, and the first, second, third, and fourth switches are closed. The first and second battery packs are connected in parallel to form a new battery, and the charging / discharging terminal charges the new battery via the main relay. The first DC-DC circuit is connected to the charging / discharging terminal, and the first DC-DC circuit converts the low voltage at the charging / discharging terminal into a high level output to the high-voltage load terminal. The first DC-DC circuit supplies power to the high-voltage load terminal or charges the low-voltage battery via the second DC-DC circuit.

[0045] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to, when detecting that the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than a third threshold voltage, control the battery pack with the lower voltage in the first battery pack and the second battery pack to disconnect, and control the battery pack with the higher voltage in the first battery pack and the second battery pack to discharge to the high-voltage load terminal via the main battery management circuit and the first DC-DC circuit, until the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is within the threshold voltage range.

[0046] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than the third threshold voltage, the battery pack management circuit discharges the battery pack with the higher voltage in the first and second battery packs. The battery pack management circuit can discharge the high-voltage load terminal through the main battery management circuit and the first DC-DC circuit until the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is within the threshold voltage range. At this time, the voltages of the first and second battery packs are consistent. The low-voltage battery can also be charged through the main battery management circuit, the first DC-DC circuit, and the second DC-DC circuit, thereby achieving the balance between the first and second battery packs. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery packs due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rates, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0047] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to, when it detects that the voltage of the first battery pack is greater than the voltage of the second battery pack, and the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than a third threshold voltage, control the fifth switch, the second switch, the fourth switch, the sixth switch, and the seventh switch to open, and control the main relay, the first changeover switch, and the second changeover switch to open, so that the first battery pack discharges to the high-voltage load terminal via the main relay and the first DC-DC circuit until the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is within the threshold voltage range.

[0048] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than the third threshold voltage, the voltage of the first battery pack is greater than the voltage of the second battery pack. This causes the fifth, second, fourth, sixth, and seventh switches to be disconnected, and the main relay, first changeover switch, and second changeover switch to be turned on. The first battery pack can then discharge to the high-voltage load terminal via the main relay and the first DC-DC circuit until the voltage difference between the first and second battery packs is within the threshold voltage range. At this point, the voltages of the first and second battery packs are consistent. The low-voltage battery can also be charged via the main battery management circuit, the first DC-DC circuit, and the second DC-DC circuit, thereby achieving a balance between the first and second battery packs. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery packs due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rates, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0049] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to, when it detects that the voltage of the second battery pack is greater than the voltage of the first battery pack, and the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than a third threshold voltage, control the fifth switch, the first switch, the third switch, the sixth switch, and the seventh switch to open, and control the main relay, the first changeover switch, and the second changeover switch to open, so that the second battery pack discharges to the high-voltage load terminal via the main relay and the first DC-DC circuit until the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is within the threshold voltage range.

[0050] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than the third threshold voltage, the voltage of the second battery pack is greater than the voltage of the first battery pack. This causes the fifth switch, the first switch, the third switch, the sixth switch, and the seventh switch to open, and the main relay, the first changeover switch, and the second changeover switch to turn on. The first battery pack can then discharge to the high-voltage load terminal via the main relay and the first DC-DC circuit until the voltage difference between the first and second battery packs is within the threshold voltage range. At this point, the voltages of the first and second battery packs are consistent. The low-voltage battery can also be charged via the main battery management circuit, the first DC-DC circuit, and the second DC-DC circuit, thereby achieving a balance between the first and second battery packs. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltages across the battery packs due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rates, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0051] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to, when detecting that the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than a third threshold voltage, first control the low-voltage battery to charge the battery pack with the lower voltage in the first battery pack and the second battery pack via the second DC-DC circuit, the first DC-DC circuit, and the main battery management circuit, and then control the battery pack with the lower voltage in the first battery pack and the second battery pack to disconnect, so that the battery pack with the higher voltage in the first battery pack and the second battery pack can charge the low-voltage battery via the main battery management circuit and the first DC-DC circuit.

[0052] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than the third threshold voltage, the battery pack with higher charge in the first or second battery pack can be controlled to charge the battery via the first DC-DC circuit and the second DC-DC circuit in the balancing mode. Then, the low-voltage battery charges the battery pack with lower charge in the first or second battery pack via the second DC-DC circuit and the first DC-DC circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of balancing the first and second battery packs. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery packs due to differences in usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rate differences, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0053] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle including the battery-powered architecture described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0054] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Beneficial effects

[0055] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery pack management circuit is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively. The main control circuit controls the connection method between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, so that the battery pack management circuit, the first battery pack, and the second battery pack form a battery. The two ends of the battery pack management circuit serve as the positive and negative terminals of the new battery, respectively. Furthermore, the main control circuit controls the main battery management circuit and the battery pack management circuit according to the voltage of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, which can balance the charge of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, thereby making the voltage of the first battery pack and the second battery pack consistent. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltage at the two ends of the battery pack due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rate differences during use, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0057] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a first type of battery power supply architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the battery power supply architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the battery power supply architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the operating current in the first working mode of the battery power supply architecture provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the operating current under the second operating mode of the battery power supply architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the operating current in the third working mode of the battery power supply architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the operating current in the fourth operating mode of the battery power supply architecture provided in the embodiments of this application. Embodiments of the present invention

[0064] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0065] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0067] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase "second connection port" at various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple frames" refers to two or more (including two).

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0071] In the traditional 400V / 800V series-parallel switching architecture, the two 400V battery packs may have inconsistent charge levels due to factors such as usage environment, cell differences, and charge / discharge rates, resulting in inter-pack circulating current issues.

[0072] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a battery power supply architecture. Referring to Figure 1, the battery power supply architecture in this embodiment includes: a charging / discharging terminal 510, a first battery pack 110, a second battery pack 120, a battery pack management circuit 200, a main battery management circuit 300, a first DC-DC circuit 400, a main control circuit 700, and a high-voltage load terminal 520. The battery pack management circuit 200 is connected to the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 respectively. The positive and negative terminals of the charging / discharging terminal 510 are connected to the battery pack management circuit 300 via the main battery management circuit 300. The first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the charging and discharging terminal 510, respectively, and the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 is connected to the high-voltage load terminal 520. The battery pack management circuit 200 and the first DC-DC circuit 400 are controlled by the main control circuit 700 to control the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 to be connected in series or in parallel according to the voltage of the charging and discharging terminal 510, and to balance the charge of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 according to the voltage across the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120.

[0073] In this embodiment, the battery pack management circuit 200 is connected to the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 respectively. The main control circuit 700 controls the battery pack management circuit 200, which can control the connection between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120, so that the battery pack management circuit 200, the first battery pack 110, and the second battery pack 120 form a battery. The two ends of the battery pack management circuit 200 serve as the positive and negative terminals of the new battery, respectively. Furthermore, the main control circuit 700 controls the main battery management circuit 300 and the battery pack management circuit 200 according to the voltage of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120, which can balance the charge of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120, thereby making the voltage of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 consistent. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltage at the two ends of the battery pack due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rate differences during use, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and safety hazards.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 have the same voltage. The voltage connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510 can be equal to the voltage of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120, or it can be equal to the sum of the voltages of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120.

[0075] In this embodiment, the connection method of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is controlled by the battery pack management circuit 200, which can realize the compatibility of the 400V battery pack with the 800V charging platform, and can balance the power of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 according to the usage of the battery pack.

[0076] In some embodiments, if the voltage connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510 is high, the battery pack management circuit 200 controls the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 to be connected in series; if the voltage connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510 is low, the battery pack management circuit 200 controls the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 to be connected in parallel.

[0077] In some embodiments, referring to FIG2, the battery power supply architecture further includes a voltage conversion switch circuit 410. The voltage conversion switch circuit 410 is connected between the first DC-DC circuit 400 and the charging / discharging terminal 510. The voltage conversion switch circuit 410 is controlled by the main control circuit 700 to control the operating state of the first DC-DC circuit 400.

[0078] In this embodiment, the voltage conversion switch circuit 410 is connected between the first DC-DC circuit 400 and the charging / discharging terminal 510. The main control circuit 700 can control the switching state of the voltage conversion switch circuit 410 and control the voltage conversion direction of the first DC-DC circuit 400. The first DC-DC circuit 400 converts the voltage input to the charging / discharging terminal 510 into a corresponding high voltage to supply power to the high-voltage load terminal 520, so that the high-voltage load terminal 520 is supplied when the charging / discharging terminal 510 is connected to a low voltage.

[0079] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3, the voltage conversion switch circuit 410 includes: a first conversion switch K31 and a second conversion switch K32. The first conversion switch K31 is connected between the positive terminal of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 and the positive terminal of the charging / discharging terminal 510, and the second conversion switch K32 is connected between the negative terminal of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 and the negative terminal of the charging / discharging terminal 510.

[0080] In this embodiment, the first switching switch K31 and the second switching switch K32 control the input or output of the positive and negative terminals of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400, respectively. The main control circuit 700 can control the switching state of the first switching switch K31 and the second switching switch K32, and control the voltage conversion direction of the first DC-DC circuit 400. The first DC-DC circuit 400 converts the voltage input to the charging / discharging terminal 510 into a corresponding high voltage to supply power to the high-voltage load terminal 520, so that the high-voltage load terminal 520 is supplied when the charging / discharging terminal 510 is connected to a low voltage.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first changeover switch K31 and the second changeover switch K32 can be relays.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first DC-DC circuit 400 includes an LLC converter in an on-board charger.

[0083] In this embodiment, by reusing the LLC converter in the on-board charger, when a low voltage is input at the charging / discharging terminal 510, the input low voltage is converted into the high voltage required by the high voltage load terminal 520 via the LLC converter in the on-board charger, providing the working voltage for the high voltage load, which can reduce the size and cost of the vehicle power supply architecture.

[0084] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3, the first DC-DC circuit 400 further includes a power factor corrector (PFC), which is connected to the LLC converter. The PFC is controlled by the main control circuit 700 to correct the power factor of the LLC converter.

[0085] In this embodiment, the power factor of the LLC converter can be corrected by a power factor corrector (PFC), thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the LLC converter.

[0086] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the battery power supply architecture includes a vehicle capacitor C1, which is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the charging / discharging terminal 510.

[0087] In this embodiment, the two ends of the vehicle capacitor C1 are also connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack management circuit 200. The first DC-DC circuit 400 can precharge the vehicle capacitor C1, eliminating the need for the precharge relay K21 and precharge resistor R0 in the vehicle power supply architecture, thereby reducing the cost of the vehicle power supply architecture.

[0088] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3, the battery power supply architecture further includes: a second DC-DC circuit 610 and a low-voltage battery 130, wherein the low-voltage battery 130 is connected to the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 via the second DC-DC circuit 610; the second DC-DC circuit 610 is controlled by the main control circuit 700 to convert the voltage of the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 into a low voltage to charge the low-voltage battery 130, or is controlled by the main control circuit 700 to convert the low voltage provided by the low-voltage battery 130 into a high voltage and output it to the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400.

[0089] In this embodiment, the second DC-DC circuit 610 is connected between the low-voltage battery 130 and the first DC-DC circuit 400. The main control circuit 700 controls the working state of the second DC-DC circuit 610. The second DC-DC circuit 610 converts the voltage at the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 into a low voltage to charge the low-voltage battery 130. The second DC-DC circuit 610 can also convert the low voltage provided by the low-voltage battery 130 into a high voltage and output it to the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 to realize the charging and discharging management of the low-voltage battery 130.

[0090] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3, the battery pack management circuit 200 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2, a third switch K3, a fourth switch K4, and a fifth switch K5; the first terminals of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are connected to the main battery management circuit 300; the second terminals of the first switch K1 and the fifth switch K5 are connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 110; the second terminal of the second switch K2 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery pack 120; the negative terminal of the second battery pack 120, the second terminal of the fifth switch K5, and the first terminal of the fourth switch K4 are connected together; the negative terminal of the first battery pack 110 is connected to the first terminal of the third switch K3; and the second terminals of the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are connected to the main battery management circuit 300.

[0091] In this embodiment, the fifth switch K5 is connected between the positive terminal of the first battery pack 110 and the negative terminal of the second battery pack 120. The first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are respectively disposed at the two ends of the first battery pack 110, and the second switch K2 and the fourth switch K4 are respectively disposed at the two ends of the second battery pack 120. When the first switch K1 and the fourth switch K4 are open, and the second switch K2, the fifth switch K5 and the third switch K3 are closed, the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 are connected in series. The first battery pack 110, the second battery pack 120 and the battery pack management circuit 200 can form a new battery with a higher voltage at both ends. With the first switch K1, second switch K2, third switch K3, and fourth switch K4 all on and the fifth switch K5 off, the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 are connected in parallel. The first battery pack 110, the second battery pack 120, and the battery pack management circuit 200 can form a new battery with a lower voltage at both ends. Thus, by using the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, and the fifth switch K5 to combine the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120, the voltage of the charging and discharging terminal 510 can be adapted. Furthermore, by controlling the switching states of the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, and the fifth switch K5, the charging and discharging of the first battery pack 110 or the second battery pack 120 can be independently controlled, achieving the purpose of voltage balancing for the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120.

[0092] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3, the main battery management circuit 300 includes: a main relay K11, a sixth switch K6, and a seventh switch K7; one end of the main relay K11 is connected to one end of the battery pack management circuit 200, the other end of the main relay K11 is connected to the positive terminal of the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 via the sixth switch K6, and the other end of the battery pack management circuit 200 is connected to the negative terminal of the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 via the seventh switch K7.

[0093] In this embodiment, the main relay K11, the sixth switch K6, and the seventh switch K7 can all be controlled by the main control circuit 700. The main relay K11 can be used to control the charging and discharging process of the first battery pack 110 and / or the second battery pack 120. The positive terminal of the charging / discharging terminal 510 can also be connected to the positive terminal of the high-voltage load terminal 520 via the sixth switch K6, and the negative terminal of the charging / discharging terminal 510 can be connected to the negative terminal of the high-voltage load terminal 520 via the seventh switch K7. When a high voltage is applied to the charging / discharging terminal 510, the charging / discharging terminal 510 can supply power to the high-voltage load terminal 520 via the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7. When a low voltage is applied to the charging / discharging terminal 510, the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are disconnected, and the low voltage can be boosted by the first DC-DC circuit 400 to obtain the corresponding high voltage, which is then output from the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit 400 to the high-voltage load terminal 520.

[0094] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the main battery management circuit 300 further includes a pre-charge relay K21 and a pre-charge resistor R0, wherein the pre-charge relay K21 and the pre-charge resistor R0 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the main relay K11.

[0095] In some embodiments, in the first operating mode of the battery power supply architecture, the voltage connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510 is a first threshold voltage. When the voltage of the charging / discharging terminal 510 is the first threshold voltage, the main control circuit 700 controls the operating state of the battery pack management circuit 200 to connect the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 in series, and controls the first DC-DC circuit 400 to disconnect from the charging / discharging terminal 510.

[0096] In this embodiment, the first threshold voltage can be a high voltage. The first threshold voltage is consistent with the sum of the voltages of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. When the voltage of the charging / discharging terminal 510 is the first threshold voltage, the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 can be connected in series to form a new battery through the battery management circuit. The first DC-DC circuit 400 is disconnected from the charging / discharging terminal 510, and the first DC-DC circuit 400 stops working. The charging / discharging terminal 510 port can supply power to the high-voltage load terminal 520 port through the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7.

[0097] In some embodiments, in the first operating mode of the battery power supply architecture, the voltage connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510 is a first threshold voltage. The main control circuit 700 is also used to control the first switch K1, the fourth switch K4, the first changeover switch K31 and the second changeover switch K32 to disconnect when the voltage of the charging / discharging terminal 510 is the first threshold voltage, and to control the second switch K2, the fifth switch K5, the third switch K3, the main relay K11, the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 to conduct.

[0098] In this embodiment, the first threshold voltage can be a high voltage. The first threshold voltage is consistent with the sum of the voltages of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. As shown in Figure 4, when the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal 510 is the first threshold voltage, the first switch K1 and the fourth switch K4 are open, while the second switch K2, the third switch K3, and the fifth switch K5 are closed. The first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 are connected in series to form a new battery. The charging / discharging terminal 510 charges the battery formed by the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 via the main relay K11. The first DC-DC circuit 400 is disconnected from the charging / discharging terminal 510, and the first DC-DC circuit 400 stops working. The sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are closed, and the charging / discharging terminal 510 can supply power to the high-voltage load terminal 520 via the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7.

[0099] In some embodiments, in the second operating mode of the battery power supply architecture, the voltage connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510 is a second threshold voltage. The main control circuit 700 is also used to control the operating state of the battery pack management circuit 200 so that the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 are connected in parallel when the voltage of the charging / discharging terminal 510 is the second threshold voltage, and to control the first DC-DC circuit 400 to convert the voltage provided by the charging / discharging terminal 510 into the first threshold voltage and output it to the high-voltage load terminal 520 or the second DC-DC circuit 610.

[0100] In this embodiment, the second threshold voltage can be a low voltage, and the second threshold voltage is consistent with the voltages of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. When the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal 510 is the second threshold voltage, the battery pack management circuit 200 controls the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 to be connected in parallel to form a new battery. The charging / discharging terminal 510 charges the new battery via the main relay K11. The first DC-DC circuit 400 is connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510, and the first DC-DC circuit 400 converts the low voltage input at the charging / discharging terminal 510 into a high voltage and outputs it to the high-voltage load terminal 520 or the second DC-DC circuit 610.

[0101] In some embodiments, in the second operating mode of the battery power supply architecture, the voltage connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510 is a second threshold voltage. The main control circuit 700 is also used to control the fifth switch K5, the sixth switch K6, and the seventh switch K7 to disconnect when the voltage of the charging / discharging terminal 510 is the second threshold voltage, and to control the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the main relay K11, the first changeover switch K31, and the second changeover switch K32 to turn on, so as to control the first DC-DC circuit 400 to convert the voltage provided by the charging / discharging terminal 510 into the first threshold voltage and output it to the high-voltage load terminal 520 or the second DC-DC circuit 610.

[0102] In this embodiment, the second threshold voltage can be a low voltage, consistent with the voltages of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. Referring to Figure 5, when the voltage at the charging / discharging terminal 510 is the second threshold voltage, the fifth switch K5 is open, and the first switch K1, second switch K2, third switch K3, and fourth switch K4 are closed. The first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 are connected in parallel to form a new battery. The charging / discharging terminal 510 charges the new battery via the main relay K11. The first DC-DC circuit 400 is connected to the charging / discharging terminal 510. The first DC-DC circuit 400 converts the low voltage at the charging / discharging terminal 510 into a high-level output to the high-voltage load terminal 520. The first DC-DC circuit 400 supplies power to the high-voltage load terminal 520 or charges the low-voltage battery 130 via the second DC-DC circuit 610.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first threshold voltage may be 800V and the second threshold voltage may be 400V.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first DC-DC circuit 400 has a bidirectional voltage conversion function. Under the control of the main control circuit 700, it can convert the low voltage input to the charging / discharging terminal 510 into a high voltage to supply power to the high-voltage load terminal 520, so that the high-voltage load terminal 520 is supplied when the charging / discharging terminal 510 is connected to a low voltage. Alternatively, under the control of the main control circuit 700, the low-voltage battery 130 can replenish and balance the battery packs with lower charge in the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 through the second DC-DC circuit 610 and the first DC-DC circuit 400. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery packs due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rates, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0105] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 700 may include a detection module connected to the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. The detection module can be used to detect the electrical parameters of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. The main control circuit 700 manages the working state of the battery pack management circuit 200, the main battery management circuit 300, the first DC-DC circuit 400, and the second DC-DC circuit 610 according to the electrical parameters of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120, thereby balancing the charge of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120, so that the voltage of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is consistent. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltage at both ends of the battery packs due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rate differences during use, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0106] In some embodiments, the electrical parameters of the first battery pack 110 may include parameters such as temperature, voltage, current, battery health, and remaining power of the first battery pack 110. Comprehensive monitoring of the first battery pack 110 ensures the output stability of the first battery pack 110 and the stability of the power supply to the outside.

[0107] In some embodiments, the electrical parameters of the second battery pack 120 may include parameters such as temperature, voltage, current, battery health, and remaining power of the second battery pack 120. Comprehensive monitoring of the second battery pack 120 ensures the output stability of the second battery pack 120 and the stability of the power supply from the second battery pack 120 to the outside.

[0108] In some embodiments, the detection module is further configured to periodically sample the electrical parameters of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. By periodically sampling the electrical parameters of the first battery pack 110, the working state of the first battery pack 110 can be accurately determined, and the output power of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 can be dynamically adjusted according to the charging power or discharging power of the first battery pack 110, which is beneficial to improving the lifespan of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120.

[0109] In some embodiments, the sampling period of the detection module is less than 10 microseconds (µs).

[0110] In some embodiments, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, and the fifth switch K5 can be relays.

[0111] In some embodiments, the voltage of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 can be 400V.

[0112] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the load connected through the high-voltage load terminal 520 is 800V.

[0113] In some embodiments, the load connected through the high-voltage load terminal 520 can be a vehicle refrigerator, a vehicle air conditioner, etc.

[0114] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 130 can also supply power to the low-voltage load terminal through a low-voltage power distribution circuit.

[0115] In this embodiment, multiple low-voltage loads can be connected to the low-voltage load terminal. The low-voltage loads may include functional loads such as vehicle controller, vehicle start, vehicle steering, and vehicle braking.

[0116] In some embodiments, low-voltage loads may also include comfort loads and entertainment loads within the vehicle.

[0117] In some embodiments, the voltage of the low-voltage battery 130 can be 12V, and the second DC-DC circuit 610 can convert the voltage at its first terminal to 12V to charge the low-voltage battery 130.

[0118] In some embodiments, the voltage of the low-voltage battery 130 can be 24V, and the second DC-DC circuit 610 can convert the voltage at its first terminal to 24V to charge the low-voltage battery 130.

[0119] In some embodiments, the voltage of the low-voltage battery 130 can be 36V, and the second DC-DC circuit 610 can convert the voltage at its first terminal to 36V to charge the low-voltage battery 130.

[0120] In some embodiments, the voltage of the low-voltage battery 130 can be 48V, and the second DC-DC circuit 610 can convert the voltage at its first terminal to 48V to charge the low-voltage battery 130.

[0121] In some embodiments, the battery power supply architecture further includes a temperature control pipe, which contains a cooling medium. The temperature control pipe is used to cool the battery pack management circuit 200, the main battery management circuit 300, the first DC-DC circuit 400, and the second DC-DC circuit 610, and can also be used for cooling and heating management of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120.

[0122] In this embodiment, by having the battery pack management circuit 200, main battery management circuit 300, first DC-DC circuit 400, and second DC-DC circuit 610 share the same temperature control pipe, the space inside the vehicle's high-voltage power distribution box can be fully utilized for pipe installation, solving the thermal management problem of the power battery pack and power distribution module, and improving the utilization rate of the vehicle's interior space.

[0123] In some embodiments, when the vehicle application environment is cold, the temperature of the low-voltage battery 130 is low. At this time, the low-voltage battery 130 does not have the ability to charge and needs to be heated quickly. Therefore, the low-voltage battery 130 can be heated quickly by using a cooling medium through a temperature control pipe to enable hot start of the vehicle and achieve stability of the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution.

[0124] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 130 is in a low-temperature state, and its discharge power is small and insufficient to support the power when all low-voltage loads are working. It can be powered by the high voltage of the whole vehicle. The battery pack with the larger voltage in the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 outputs low-voltage power through the first DC-DC circuit 400 and the second DC-DC circuit 610. At this time, the low-voltage power output by the second DC-DC circuit 610 is close to the voltage of the low-voltage battery 130, and no overcurrent will occur. Thus, the vehicle can be started without affecting the life of the low-voltage battery 130.

[0125] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 700 further includes a drive module powered by an isolated power supply, which can drive the switching states of the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5, the sixth switch K6, and the seventh switch K7.

[0126] In some embodiments, by isolating the drive module under high voltage, electromagnetic interference from the high voltage of the first battery pack 110, the second battery pack 120, and the charging / discharging terminal 510 can be avoided, thus preventing the drive module from being mis-started due to interference. Furthermore, it can support high voltage insulation withstand voltage requirements and improve the safety of the power distribution architecture.

[0127] In some embodiments, in the third operating mode of the battery-powered architecture, the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage. Specifically, when the main control circuit 700 detects that the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage, it controls the battery pack with the lower voltage in the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 to disconnect, and controls the battery pack with the higher voltage in the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 to discharge to the high-voltage load terminal 520 through the main battery management circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 400 until the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is within the threshold voltage range.

[0128] In this embodiment, when the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage, the battery pack management circuit 200 discharges the battery pack with the higher voltage in the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. The battery pack management circuit 200 can discharge the high-voltage load terminal 520 through the main battery management circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 400 until the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is within the threshold voltage range. At this time, the voltages of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 are consistent. The low-voltage battery 130 can also be charged through the main battery management circuit 300, the first DC-DC circuit 400, and the second DC-DC circuit 610, thereby achieving the balance between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery packs due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rates during use, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0129] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 700 is further configured to, when it detects that the voltage of the first battery pack 110 is greater than the voltage of the second battery pack 120 and the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than a third threshold voltage, control the fifth switch K5, the second switch K2, the fourth switch K4, the sixth switch K6, and the seventh switch K7 to disconnect, and control the main relay K11, the first changeover switch K31, and the second changeover switch K32 to turn on, so that the first battery pack 110 discharges to the high-voltage load terminal 520 via the main relay K11 and the first DC-DC circuit 400 until the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is within the threshold voltage range.

[0130] In this embodiment, when the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage, the voltage of the first battery pack 110 is greater than the voltage of the second battery pack 120. This causes the fifth switch K5, the second switch K2, the fourth switch K4, the sixth switch K6, and the seventh switch K7 to open, and the main relay K11, the first changeover switch K31, and the second changeover switch K32 to turn on. The first battery pack 110 can then discharge to the high-voltage load terminal 520 via the main relay K11 and the first DC-DC circuit 400 until the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 increases. When the voltage difference between groups 120 is within the threshold voltage range, the voltages of the first battery group 110 and the second battery group 120 are consistent. The low-voltage battery 130 can also be charged via the main battery management circuit 300, the first DC-DC circuit 400, and the second DC-DC circuit 610, thereby achieving a balance between the first battery group 110 and the second battery group 120. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery group due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rates, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery groups and cause safety hazards.

[0131] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 700 is further configured to, as shown in FIG6, when it detects that the voltage of the second battery pack 120 is greater than the voltage of the first battery pack 110, and the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage, control the fifth switch K5, the first switch K1, the third switch K3, the sixth switch K6, and the seventh switch K7 to open, and control the main relay K11, the first changeover switch K31, and the second changeover switch K32 to turn on, so that the second battery pack 120 discharges to the high-voltage load terminal 520 via the main relay K11 and the first DC-DC circuit 400 until the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is within the threshold voltage range.

[0132] In this embodiment, when the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage, the voltage of the second battery pack 120 is greater than the voltage of the first battery pack 110. This causes the fifth switch K5, the first switch K1, the third switch K3, the sixth switch K6, and the seventh switch K7 to disconnect, and the main relay K11, the first changeover switch K31, and the second changeover switch K32 to turn on. The first battery pack 110 can then discharge to the high-voltage load terminal 520 via the main relay K11 and the first DC-DC circuit 400 until the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage. When the voltage difference between groups 120 is within the threshold voltage range, the voltages of the first battery group 110 and the second battery group 120 are consistent. The low-voltage battery 130 can also be charged via the main battery management circuit 300, the first DC-DC circuit 400, and the second DC-DC circuit 610, thereby achieving a balance between the first battery group 110 and the second battery group 120. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery group due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rates, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery groups and cause safety hazards.

[0133] In some embodiments, in the fourth operating mode of the battery power supply architecture, if the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than a third threshold voltage, the low-voltage battery 130 can be controlled as an energy transfer station to balance the power of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. Specifically, when the main control circuit 700 detects that the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage, it first controls the low-voltage battery 130 to charge the battery pack with the lower voltage in the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 via the second DC-DC circuit 610, the first DC-DC circuit 400, and the main battery management circuit 300. Then, it controls the low-voltage battery pack in the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 to disconnect, and the battery pack with the higher voltage in the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 charges the low-voltage battery 130 via the main battery management circuit 300 and the first DC-DC circuit 400.

[0134] In this embodiment, when the voltage difference between the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is greater than the third threshold voltage, in the balancing mode, the battery pack with higher charge in the first battery pack 110 or the second battery pack 120 can be controlled to charge the battery via the first DC-DC circuit 400 and the second DC-DC circuit 610. Then, the low-voltage battery 130 charges the battery pack with lower charge in the first battery pack 110 or the second battery pack 120 via the second DC-DC circuit 610 and the first DC-DC circuit 400. By repeating the above steps, the purpose of balancing the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 can be achieved, avoiding the problem of inconsistent voltages at both ends of the battery packs due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rates, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0135] In some embodiments, the output voltage range of the low-voltage battery 130 is 12V-72V.

[0136] In some embodiments, the output voltage range of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 is 200V-1200V.

[0137] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 130 may be a 12V lithium-ion battery or a sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0138] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 130 may be a 24V lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable battery.

[0139] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 130 may be a 48V lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable battery.

[0140] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 130 may be a 72V lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or other rechargeable battery.

[0141] In this embodiment, the battery power supply architecture of this application embodiment can be applied to new energy vehicles, wherein the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 can be 400V lithium-ion batteries or sodium-ion batteries, or other rechargeable batteries.

[0142] This application also provides a vehicle management system, which includes the battery-powered architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0143] This application also provides a vehicle that includes a battery-powered architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0144] In this embodiment, by integrating the battery power supply architecture of any of the above embodiments into the vehicle, the main control circuit 700 can control the main battery management circuit 300 and the battery pack management circuit 200 according to the voltage of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120. This can balance the charge of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120, thereby making the voltage of the first battery pack 110 and the second battery pack 120 consistent. This avoids the problem of inconsistent voltage at both ends of the battery packs due to differences in the usage environment, cell differences, and discharge / charge rate differences during use, which could lead to circulating currents between the battery packs and cause safety hazards.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0147] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0148] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0149] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0150] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery-powered architecture, wherein, include: Charging / discharging terminal, first battery pack, second battery pack, battery pack management circuit, main battery management circuit, first DC-DC circuit, main control circuit, high voltage load terminal; The battery pack management circuit is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, respectively; The positive and negative terminals of the charging and discharging terminals are respectively connected to the two ends of the battery pack management circuit via the main battery management circuit; The positive and negative terminals of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the charging and discharging terminals, respectively, and the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit is connected to the high-voltage load terminal. The battery pack management circuit and the first DC-DC circuit are controlled by the main control circuit to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series or in parallel according to the voltage of the charging and discharging terminals, and to balance the charge of the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the voltage at both ends of the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

2. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 1, wherein, The battery-powered architecture also includes: A voltage conversion switch circuit is connected between the first DC-DC circuit and the charging / discharging terminal. The voltage conversion switch circuit is controlled by the main control circuit to control the operating state of the first DC-DC circuit.

3. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 2, wherein, The voltage conversion switch circuit includes: a first conversion switch and a second conversion switch. The first conversion switch is connected between the positive terminal of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit and the positive terminal of the charging / discharging terminal. The second conversion switch is connected between the negative terminal of the first terminal of the first DC-DC circuit and the negative terminal of the charging / discharging terminal.

4. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 1, wherein, The first DC-DC circuit includes an LLC converter in the on-board charger.

5. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 4, wherein, The first DCDC circuit also includes: A power factor corrector is connected to the LLC converter, and the power factor corrector is controlled by the main control circuit to correct the power factor of the LLC converter.

6. The battery-powered architecture according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The battery-powered architecture includes: The vehicle capacitor is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the charging / discharging terminal.

7. The battery-powered architecture according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The battery power supply architecture also includes: a second DC-DC circuit and a low-voltage battery; The low-voltage battery is connected to the second terminal of the first DCDC circuit via the second DCDC circuit. The second DC-DC circuit is controlled by the main control circuit to convert the voltage at the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit to a low voltage to charge the low-voltage battery, or is controlled by the main control circuit to convert the low voltage provided by the low-voltage battery to a high voltage and output it to the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit.

8. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 7, wherein, The battery pack management circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a fifth switch; The first terminal of the first switch and the first terminal of the second switch are connected to the main battery management circuit. The second terminal of the first switch and the first terminal of the fifth switch are connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack. The second terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery pack. The negative terminal of the second battery pack, the second terminal of the fifth switch, and the first terminal of the fourth switch are connected together. The negative terminal of the first battery pack is connected to the first terminal of the third switch. The second terminals of the third switch and the second terminals of the fourth switch are connected to the main battery management circuit.

9. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 8, wherein, The main battery management circuit includes: a main relay, a sixth switch, and a seventh switch; One end of the main relay is connected to one end of the battery pack management circuit, and the other end of the main relay is connected to the positive terminal of the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit via the sixth switch. The other end of the battery management circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the second terminal of the first DC-DC circuit via the seventh switch.

10. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 9, wherein, The main battery management circuit also includes: a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor; The precharge relay and the precharge resistor are connected in series and then in parallel with the main relay.

11. The battery-powered architecture according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the working state of the battery pack management circuit so that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series when the voltage at the charging and discharging terminal is a first threshold voltage, and to control the first DC-DC circuit to disconnect from the charging and discharging terminal.

12. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 9, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the first switch, the fourth switch, the first changeover switch and the second changeover switch to disconnect when the voltage at the charging and discharging terminal is a first threshold voltage, and to control the second switch, the fifth switch, the third switch, the main relay, the sixth switch and the seventh switch to turn on.

13. The battery-powered architecture according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the working state of the battery pack management circuit so that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel when the voltage at the charging and discharging terminal is the second threshold voltage, and to control the first DC-DC circuit to convert the voltage provided at the charging and discharging terminal into the first threshold voltage and output it to the high-voltage load terminal or the second DC-DC circuit.

14. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 9, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the fifth, sixth, and seventh switches to open when the voltage at the charging and discharging terminal is the second threshold voltage, and to control the first, second, third, fourth, main relay, first changeover switch, and second changeover switch to turn on, so as to control the first DC-DC circuit to convert the voltage provided at the charging and discharging terminal into the first threshold voltage and output it to the high-voltage load terminal or the second DC-DC circuit.

15. The battery-powered architecture according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to control the battery group with the lower voltage in the first battery group and the second battery group to disconnect when the voltage difference between the first battery group and the second battery group is detected to be greater than the third threshold voltage, and to control the battery group with the higher voltage in the first battery group and the second battery group to discharge to the high voltage load terminal through the main battery management circuit and the first DC-DC circuit until the voltage difference between the first battery group and the second battery group is within the threshold voltage range.

16. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 9, wherein, The main control circuit is further configured to, when it detects that the voltage of the first battery pack is greater than the voltage of the second battery pack, and the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than a third threshold voltage, control the fifth switch, the second switch, the fourth switch, the sixth switch, and the seventh switch to open, and control the main relay, the first changeover switch, and the second changeover switch to open, so that the first battery pack discharges to the high-voltage load terminal via the main relay and the first DC-DC circuit until the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is within the threshold voltage range.

17. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 9, wherein, The main control circuit is further configured to, when it detects that the voltage of the second battery pack is greater than the voltage of the first battery pack, and the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than a third threshold voltage, control the fifth switch, the first switch, the third switch, the sixth switch, and the seventh switch to open, and control the main relay, the first changeover switch, and the second changeover switch to open, so that the second battery pack discharges to the high-voltage load terminal via the main relay and the first DC-DC circuit until the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is within the threshold voltage range.

18. The battery-powered architecture according to claim 7, wherein, The main control circuit is also used to, when it detects that the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than a third threshold voltage, first control the low-voltage battery to charge the battery pack with the lower voltage in the first battery pack and the second battery pack via the second DC-DC circuit, the first DC-DC circuit, and the main battery management circuit, and then control the battery pack with the lower voltage in the first battery pack and the second battery pack to disconnect, so that the battery pack with the higher voltage in the first battery pack and the second battery pack can charge the low-voltage battery via the main battery management circuit and the first DC-DC circuit.

19. The battery-powered architecture according to any one of claims 1-18, wherein, The battery-powered architecture also includes: A low-voltage power distribution circuit, which is connected to the second DC-DC circuit.

20. A type of automobile, wherein, The vehicle includes a battery-powered architecture as described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

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