Additive manufacturing-based continuous fiber curing extrusion apparatus for ceramic composite material

Abstract

An additive manufacturing-based continuous fiber curing extrusion apparatus for a ceramic composite material, comprising a main supporting frame (1), wherein first guide rails (9), second guide rails (10), and third guide rails (12) are simultaneously installed on the inner wall of the top end of the main supporting frame (1); the first guide rails (9) and the second guide rails (10) are arranged in parallel; the second guide rails (10) and the third guide rails (12) are perpendicularly arranged; a ceramic flux extrusion gun (8) is movably connected to the first guide rails (9), and a cutting mechanism (6) is provided at the bottom end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun (8); one end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun (8) is connected to a ceramic flux storage chamber (2) by means of a first communicating pipe (7); the second guide rails (10) and the third guide rails (12) are respectively movably connected to a first fiber flux extrusion gun (11) and a second fiber flux extrusion gun (13). The additive manufacturing-based continuous fiber curing extrusion apparatus for the ceramic composite material has the effects of enhancing the stability and toughness of a fiber layer in a ceramic matrix composite material, and effectively improving the extrusion efficiency of fiber filaments.

Description

Continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ceramic matrix composite is a kind of composite material composed of ceramic matrix and various fibers. The ceramic matrix can be silicon nitride, silicon carbide and other high-temperature structural ceramics. These advanced ceramics have excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, high strength and rigidity, relatively light weight, corrosion resistance, etc., but their fatal weakness is brittleness, which will produce cracks and even breakage under stress, resulting in material failure.

[0003] However, using high-strength and high-elasticity fibers with the matrix is an effective method to improve the toughness and reliability of ceramics. Fibers can prevent crack propagation, resulting in fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites with excellent toughness. Ceramic matrix composites have been used as liquid rocket engine nozzles, missile radomes, space shuttle nose cones, aircraft brake discs and high-end automobile brake discs, etc., becoming an important branch of high-tech new materials.

[0004] However, the fiber layer in the ceramic matrix composite is mostly arranged in a single layer, and the toughness and stability of the fiber layer are insufficient. If staggered arrangement is required, it is generally formed by single extrusion gun extrusion, which affects the extrusion efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application discloses a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material, which aims to solve the technical problem that the fiber layer in the ceramic matrix composite is mostly arranged in a single layer, and the toughness and stability of the fiber layer are insufficient. If staggered arrangement is required, it is generally formed by single extrusion gun extrusion, which affects the extrusion efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The application discloses a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material, which comprises a main support frame, the inner wall of the top end of the main support frame is provided with a first guide rail, a second guide rail and a third guide rail, the first guide rail is arranged in parallel with the second guide rail, the second guide rail and the third guide rail are arranged vertically, a ceramic flux extrusion gun is movably connected to the first guide rail, the bottom end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun is provided with a segmentation mechanism, one end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun is connected with a ceramic flux storage bin through a first communication pipe, the second guide rail and the third guide rail are movably connected with a first fiber flux extrusion gun and a second fiber flux extrusion gun respectively, and the two are connected with a fiber flux storage bin through a second communication pipe.

[0008] By arranging two fiber flux extrusion guns, the running paths of the two fiber flux extrusion guns are arranged vertically and are placed in different areas with the ceramic flux extrusion gun for extruding ceramic flux, the base is driven to switch between the two areas through the second transverse guide rail, and the base is driven to assist the extrusion of fiber flux or ceramic flux through the first transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail, so that, through the planned running path, after each layer of ceramic flux is stacked, a fiber silk screen stacked layer by layer is formed on the ceramic flux layer through the alternate extrusion of the fiber silk in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, and a ceramic flux layer is again covered on the fiber silk screen, so as to form a ceramic matrix composite material, and in this structure, the stability and toughness of the fiber layer in the ceramic matrix composite material can be enhanced, and the extrusion efficiency of the fiber silk can be effectively improved compared with the structure of using a single fiber flux extrusion gun to extrude fiber silk.

[0009] In a preferred scheme, the segmentation mechanism comprises an extrusion port, the bottom end of the extrusion port is movably attached with a support ring, the central position of the support ring is fixedly connected with a segmentation rod, one side of the support ring is fixedly connected with a support, the same side of the support is fixedly connected with a plurality of second limiting insertion rods and a cylinder, the outer wall of the extrusion port is fixedly connected with a third support plate, the bottom end of the third support plate is fixedly connected with a mounting bracket, the bottom end of the third support plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of second limiting insertion plates, the second limiting insertion rods are movably inserted into the second limiting insertion plates respectively, and the cylinder is fixedly connected in the mounting bracket.

[0010] By setting the segmentation mechanism, the segmentation mechanism is attached to the bottom end of the extrusion port, and the segmentation rod spans the bottom end of the extrusion port. By setting the segmentation rod, a straight groove is formed at the top of the extruded material during additive manufacturing of the extruded material. When the fiber is extruded along the straight groove by the fiber solvent storage bin, the fiber net is attached to the top of the extruded ceramic solvent. When the next layer of ceramic solvent is covered, based on the setting of the straight groove, the fiber net can be assisted to fall and better adhere to the ceramic solvent layer.

[0011] In a preferred scheme, the cooling mechanism includes a frame, and the frame surrounds the outer wall fixed to the base. The top end of the frame is connected with a plurality of air outlets at equal intervals. The bottom end of the frame is fixedly connected with a plurality of air jets, and the output ends of the air jets are respectively connected with the plurality of air outlets. The opposite sides of the frame are respectively fixedly connected with a first support plate and a bearing support. The top end of the first support plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of first limiting insertion rods. The bearing support is connected with a lead screw inside. The bottom end of the lead screw is connected with a stepper motor. The top of the frame is provided with an annular guide support. The opposite sides of the annular guide support are respectively fixedly connected with a first limiting insertion plate and a second support plate. A nut is installed at the center of the second support plate. The nut is engaged with the outside of the lead screw. The first limiting insertion rods are movably inserted into the first limiting insertion plate. The annular guide support includes a curved channel. The two ends of the curved channel are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The setting position of the air inlet corresponds to the setting position of the plurality of air outlets.

[0012] By setting the cooling mechanism, the cooling mechanism can drive the annular guide support to move upward according to the real-time manufacturing height through the rotation of the lead screw. At the same time, the air jet is upwardly sprayed by the air jet. Through the guidance of the annular guide support, the airflow is discharged from the air outlet and acts on the outer surface of the manufactured workpiece to assist cooling. Compared with the direct use of airflow straight blowing to cool, this structure can avoid damaging the outer wall of the workpiece. At the same time, through real-time cooling, the stability of the workpiece bottom structure can be ensured during additive manufacturing.

[0013] From the above, a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material comprises a main support frame, the inner wall of the top end of the main support frame is simultaneously provided with a first guide rail, a second guide rail and a third guide rail, wherein the first guide rail and the second guide rail are arranged in parallel, the second guide rail and the third guide rail are arranged vertically, a ceramic flux extrusion gun is movably connected to the first guide rail, and the bottom end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun is provided with a segmentation mechanism, one end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun is connected with a ceramic flux storage bin through a first communication pipe, the second guide rail and the third guide rail are movably connected with a first fiber flux extrusion gun and a second fiber flux extrusion gun respectively, and both are connected with a fiber flux storage bin through a second communication pipe; the bottom end of the main support frame is fixedly provided with a second transverse guide rail, a longitudinal guide rail is movably connected to the second transverse guide rail, a first transverse guide rail is movably connected to the longitudinal guide rail, and a base is movably connected to the first transverse guide rail, and a cooling mechanism is arranged around the outer side of the base. The continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material provided by the present application can realize the formation of a fiber silk screen stacked layer by layer on the ceramic flux layer through the alternate extrusion of the fiber silk in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction after each layer of ceramic flux is stacked, and a ceramic flux layer is covered on the fiber silk screen again, thereby forming a ceramic matrix composite material. Compared with the structure of the prior art using a single fiber flux extrusion gun to extrude fiber silk, the extrusion efficiency of the fiber silk can be effectively improved, and the stability and toughness of the fiber layer in the ceramic matrix composite material are enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material.

[0015] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the top structure of a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material.

[0016] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the bottom drive structure of a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material.

[0017] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism of a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material.

[0018] Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the cooling mechanism of a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material.

[0019] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the segmentation mechanism of a continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material.

[0020] List of reference signs: 1, main support frame; 2, ceramic flux storage bin; 3, fiber flux storage bin; 4, cooling mechanism; 5, base; 6, dividing mechanism; 7, first communication pipe; 8, ceramic flux extrusion gun; 9, first guide rail; 10, second guide rail; 11, first fiber flux extrusion gun; 12, third guide rail; 13, second fiber flux extrusion gun; 14, second communication pipe; 15, first transverse guide rail; 16, longitudinal guide rail; 17, second transverse guide rail; 401, bearing bracket; 402, screw rod; 403, frame; 404, air jet; 405, air jet; 406, first support plate; 407, first limiting plug; 408, first limiting plug plate; 409, annular guide bracket; 410, second support plate; 411, nut; 412, curved channel; 413, air inlet; 414, air outlet; 601, third support plate; 602, mounting bracket; 603, air cylinder; 604, second limiting plug plate; 605, second limiting plug; 606, bracket; 607, support ring; 608, dividing rod; 609, extrusion port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present application will be further clarified by the following examples, which should be considered as merely illustrative of the present application and not limiting thereof. It should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" as used herein refer to the directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of a particular component.

[0022] Referring to FIG. 1-3, the continuous fiber solidification extrusion device based on additive manufacturing ceramic composite material of the embodiment comprises a main support frame 1, the inner wall of the top end of the main support frame 1 is simultaneously provided with a first guide rail 9, a second guide rail 10 and a third guide rail 12, wherein the first guide rail 9 and the second guide rail 10 are arranged in parallel, the second guide rail 10 and the third guide rail 12 are arranged vertically, the first guide rail 9 is movably connected with a ceramic flux extrusion gun 8, the bottom end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun 8 is provided with a segmentation mechanism 6, one end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun 8 is connected with a ceramic flux storage bin 2 through a first communication pipe 7, the second guide rail 10 and the third guide rail 12 are movably connected with a first fiber flux extrusion gun 11 and a second fiber flux extrusion gun 13 respectively, and the two are simultaneously connected with a fiber flux storage bin 3 through a second communication pipe 14; the bottom end of the inner wall of the main support frame 1 is fixedly provided with a second transverse guide rail 17, the second transverse guide rail 17 is movably connected with a longitudinal guide rail 16, the longitudinal guide rail 16 is movably connected with a first transverse guide rail 15, the first transverse guide rail 15 is movably connected with a base 5, the outer side of the base 5 is surrounded by a cooling mechanism 4, two fiber flux extrusion guns are arranged, the running paths of the two fiber flux extrusion guns are arranged vertically, and the two fiber flux extrusion guns are placed in different areas with the ceramic flux extrusion gun 8 used for extruding ceramic flux, the base 5 is driven by the second transverse guide rail 17 to switch between the two areas, and the base 5 is driven by the first transverse guide rail 15 and the longitudinal guide rail 16 to assist the extrusion of fiber flux or ceramic flux, thereby, through the planned running path, after each layer of ceramic flux is stacked, a fiber filament screen stacked layer by layer can be formed on the ceramic flux layer through the alternate extrusion of the fiber filament vertically and horizontally, and a layer of ceramic flux layer is covered on the fiber filament screen again, thereby constituting a ceramic matrix composite material, under this structure, the stability and toughness of the fiber layer in the ceramic matrix composite material can be enhanced, and compared with the structure of using a single fiber flux extrusion gun to extrude fiber filaments, the extrusion efficiency of the fiber filaments can be effectively improved.

[0023] Referring to FIG. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the segmentation mechanism 6 comprises an extrusion port 609, the bottom end of the extrusion port 609 is movably attached with a support ring 607, the central position of the support ring 607 is fixedly connected with a segmentation rod 608, and one side of the support ring 607 is fixedly connected with a support 606.

[0024] Referring to FIG. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the same side of the outer wall of the support 606 is simultaneously fixedly connected with a plurality of second limiting insertion rods 605 and a pneumatic cylinder 603, the outer wall of the extrusion port 609 is fixedly connected with a third support plate 601, and the bottom end of the third support plate 601 is fixedly connected with a mounting frame 602.

[0025] Referring to FIG. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the bottom end outer wall of the third support plate 601 is fixedly connected with a plurality of second limiting insertion plates 604, and the second limiting insertion rods 605 are movably inserted into the second limiting insertion plates 604, respectively. The air cylinder 603 is fixedly connected in the mounting frame 602. The dividing mechanism 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the extrusion opening 609, and the dividing rod 608 is transversely arranged at the bottom end of the extrusion opening 609. By the extension and retraction of the air cylinder 603 and the limiting of the second limiting insertion rods 605, the supporting ring 607 can be separated from or attached to the bottom end of the extrusion opening 609. When the ceramic flux extrusion gun 8 extrudes the ceramic flux, by the arrangement of the dividing rod 608, a straight groove is formed at the top of the extruded material when the material is extruded for additive manufacturing. When the fiber flux is extruded from the fiber flux storage bin 3 along the straight groove, the fiber net is attached to the top end of the extruded ceramic flux. When the next layer of ceramic flux is covered, based on the arrangement of the straight groove, the fiber net can be assisted to fall and better adhere to the ceramic flux layer.

[0026] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, in a preferred embodiment, the cooling mechanism 4 includes a frame 403, and the frame 403 is fixedly arranged around the outer wall of the base 5. The top end of the frame 403 is equidistantly connected with a plurality of air outlets 404.

[0027] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, in a preferred embodiment, the bottom end of the frame 403 is fixedly connected with a plurality of air jets 405, and the output ends of the air jets 405 are connected with the plurality of air outlets 404, respectively. The opposite outer walls of the frame 403 are fixedly connected with a first support plate 406 and a bearing support 401, respectively.

[0028] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, in a preferred embodiment, the top end of the first support plate 406 is fixedly connected with a plurality of first limiting insertion rods 407. The bearing support 401 is connected with a lead screw 402, and the bottom end of the lead screw 402 is connected with a stepper motor.

[0029] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, in a preferred embodiment, the top of the frame 403 is provided with an annular guide support 409, and the opposite outer walls of the annular guide support 409 are fixedly connected with a first limiting insertion plate 408 and a second support plate 410, respectively. The center of the second support plate 410 is provided with a nut 411, and the nut 411 is engaged with the outside of the lead screw 402. The first limiting insertion rods 407 are movably inserted into the first limiting insertion plate 408.

[0030] Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in a preferred embodiment, the annular guide bracket 409 comprises a curved channel 412, and the two ends of the curved channel 412 are respectively provided with an air inlet 413 and an air outlet 414, the air inlet 413 is arranged at a position corresponding to the arrangement position of the plurality of air jets 404, the cooling mechanism 4 can drive the annular guide bracket 409 to move upward according to the real-time manufacturing height through the rotation of the lead screw 402, and at the same time, the air is sprayed upward through the air jet 405, the air flow is pressurized through the air jet 404, enters the annular guide bracket 409 from the air inlet 413, and is guided by the position of the curved channel 412, so that the air flow is discharged from the air outlet 414 and acts on the outer surface of the manufactured workpiece to assist cooling. Compared with the direct cooling by directly blowing air, this structure can avoid damaging the outer wall of the workpiece, and at the same time, through real-time cooling, the stability of the bottom structure of the workpiece can be ensured during the additive manufacturing process.

[0031] Working principle: two fiber flux extrusion guns are arranged, the running paths of the two fiber flux extrusion guns are vertically arranged, and the two fiber flux extrusion guns are placed in two areas with the ceramic flux extrusion gun 8 for extruding ceramic flux; the base 5 is driven in the two areas by the second transverse guide rail 17, and the base 5 is driven by the first transverse guide rail 15 and the longitudinal guide rail 16 to assist the extrusion of fiber flux or ceramic flux, so that, by planning the running path, after the ceramic flux layer is stacked, the fiber filament is alternately extruded longitudinally and transversely to form a fiber filament screen stacked layer by layer on the ceramic flux layer, and a ceramic flux layer is covered on the fiber filament screen again, so as to form a ceramic matrix composite material, in this structure, the stability and toughness of the fiber layer in the ceramic matrix composite material can be enhanced, and compared with the structure of extruding fiber filaments by using a single fiber flux extrusion gun, the extrusion efficiency of the fiber filaments can be effectively improved, wherein the dividing mechanism 6 is attached to the bottom end of the extrusion port 609, the dividing rod 608 is transversely arranged at the bottom end of the extrusion port 609, the supporting ring 607 is driven to be separated from or attached to the bottom end of the extrusion port 609 by the extension and retraction of the air cylinder 603 and the limiting of the second limiting plug rod 605, when the ceramic flux extrusion gun 8 extrudes ceramic flux, a straight groove is formed at the top of the extruded material by the arrangement of the dividing rod 608 when the material is extruded for additive manufacturing, when the fiber extruded from the fiber flux storage bin 3 follows the straight groove, the fiber screen is attached to the top of the extruded ceramic flux, when the next layer of ceramic flux is covered, based on the arrangement of the straight groove, the fiber screen can be assisted to fall and better adhere to the ceramic flux layer, and the cooling mechanism 4 can drive the annular guide bracket 409 to move upward according to the real-time manufacturing height by the rotation of the lead screw 402, and the air jet 405 sprays air upward, the airflow enters the annular guide bracket 409 through the air inlet 413 and is discharged from the air outlet 414 through the guide of the bend 412, so as to assist the cooling of the outer surface of the manufactured workpiece, compared with the direct air blowing method for cooling, this structure can avoid damaging the outer wall of the workpiece, and by real-time cooling, the stability of the bottom structure of the workpiece can be ensured during the additive manufacturing process.

[0032] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the application is not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments, but also includes the technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion device based on additive manufacturing of ceramic composites, comprising a main support frame (1), characterized in that, The inner wall of the top end of the main support frame (1) is simultaneously provided with a first guide rail (9), a second guide rail (10) and a third guide rail (12), wherein the first guide rail (9) is arranged in parallel with the second guide rail (10), the second guide rail (10) and the third guide rail (12) are arranged vertically, the first guide rail (9) is movably connected with a ceramic flux extrusion gun (8), the bottom end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun (8) is provided with a segmentation mechanism (6), one end of the ceramic flux extrusion gun (8) is connected with a ceramic flux storage bin (2) through a first communication pipe (7), the second guide rail (10) and the third guide rail (12) are movably connected with a first fiber flux extrusion gun (11) and a second fiber flux extrusion gun (13) respectively, and both are connected with a fiber flux storage bin (3) through a second communication pipe (14) simultaneously.

2. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion apparatus based on additive manufacturing ceramic composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segmentation mechanism (6) comprises an extrusion outlet (609), and the bottom end of the extrusion outlet (609) is movably attached with a support ring (607), the center position of the support ring (607) is fixedly connected with a segmentation rod (608), and one side of the support ring (607) is fixedly connected with a support (606).

3. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion apparatus for additive manufacturing ceramic composites according to claim 2, wherein, The same side outer wall of the support (606) is simultaneously fixedly connected with a plurality of second limiting insertion rods (605) and a gas cylinder (603), the outer wall of the extrusion outlet (609) is fixedly connected with a third support plate (601), and the bottom end outer wall of the third support plate (601) is fixedly connected with a mounting bracket (602).

4. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion apparatus for additive manufacturing ceramic composites according to claim 3, wherein, The bottom end outer wall of the third support plate (601) is simultaneously fixedly connected with a plurality of second limiting insertion plates (604), and the second limiting insertion rods (605) are movably inserted into the second limiting insertion plates (604) respectively, and the gas cylinder (603) is fixedly connected in the mounting bracket (602).

5. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion apparatus based on additive manufacturing ceramic composites as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The cooling mechanism (4) comprises a frame (403), and the frame (403) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base (5), a plurality of air outlets (404) are connected to the top end of the frame (403) at equal intervals.

6. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion apparatus based on additive manufacturing ceramic composites according to claim 5, characterized in that, A plurality of air jets (405) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the frame (403), the output ends of the air jets (405) are connected with the plurality of air outlets (404) respectively, and the opposite side outer walls of the frame (403) are fixedly connected with a first support plate (406) and a bearing support (401) respectively.

7. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion apparatus based on additive manufacturing ceramic composites according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plurality of first limiting insertion rods (407) are fixed to the top end of the first support plate (406), a lead screw (402) is connected in the bearing support (401), and a stepping motor is connected to the bottom end of the lead screw (402).

8. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion apparatus based on additive manufacturing ceramic composites according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the frame (403) is provided with an annular guide support (409), and the opposite sides of the annular guide support (409) are respectively fixedly connected with a first limiting insert plate (408) and a second support plate (410), the central position of the second support plate (410) is provided with a nut (411) engaged with the outside of the screw rod (402), and the first limiting insert rod (407) is movably inserted into the first limiting insert plate (408).

9. A continuous fiber consolidation extrusion apparatus based on additive manufacturing ceramic composites according to claim 8, characterized in that, The annular guide support (409) comprises a curved channel (412), and the two ends of the curved channel (412) are respectively provided with an air inlet (413) and an air outlet (414), and the setting position of the air inlet (413) corresponds to the setting position of the plurality of air injection ports (404).

Images