Cable feedthrough for a charging cable, charging station for an electric vehicle, and kit

Abstract

The invention relates to a cable feedthrough (10) for a charging cable (6) for charging an electric vehicle, comprising a connection flange (12) for securing the cable feedthrough (10) to a charging station (1) and comprising a cable passage (K; K') which extends in a cable feedthrough direction (H) and which is adapted or can be adapted to the outer contour of the charging cable (6), said cable passage (K; K') being equipped with a strain relief means for forces acting on the charging cable (6) in the cable feedthrough direction (H). The invention also relates to a charging station (1) for an electric vehicle, comprising at least one charging cable (6) which is secured or can be secured to the charging station (1) by means of a cable feedthrough (10). The charging station (1) has a housing (2) with a cable opening (9b), and the charging cable (6), or parts thereof, projecting from one side of the cable feedthrough (10) is guided into the interior of the housing (2) through the cable opening (9b). The problem addressed by the invention is that of preventing damage to the charging cable during use, in particular in the region of the passage for the charging cable into the charging post and in particular in the event of improper handling, and allowing a reliable and long operation of the charging station without replacing the charging cable. This is achieved by means of a cable feedthrough in which the cable passage (K; K') is equipped with a rotary relief means, which is provided for contacting the charging cable (6), for relieving forces acting on the charging cable (6) along the cable feedthrough direction (H) and / or rotationally with respect thereto and / or for relieving torques acting about the feedthrough direction (H) and by means of a charging station having such a cable feedthrough.

Description

[0001] Cable entry point for a charging cable and charging station for an electric vehicle and assembly kit

[0002] The invention relates to a cable gland for a charging cable according to the preamble of claim 1, a charging station for an electric vehicle according to the preamble of claim 20, and a kit for attaching the charging cable to the charging station according to the preamble of claim 21.

[0003] German patent DE 20 2021 100 498 U discloses a charging station for electric vehicles, in particular electric cars or trucks, with a housing to which two charging cables are attached as visible parts of two charging strings. Each charging cable has a handle with a connector at its free end for connecting to a corresponding counterpart on the vehicle being charged. The connectors can be configured for different charging sockets on the vehicle, for example, as CCS / Combo 2 connectors, CHAdeMO connectors, or simple CCS connectors. During operation, it was observed that the charging cables, particularly in the area where they enter the charging station housing, can be easily damaged.If, for example, a vehicle is parked relatively far from the charging station and the charging cable is just short of reaching the vehicle's charging socket, many drivers try to force the cable in to avoid having to move the vehicle closer to the charging station. Some drivers also twist the cable when connecting it, causing it to become twisted, especially where it enters the charging station. Since the cable is already more bent at this point, the forceful twisting described above has an even more detrimental effect there than in the rest of the cable.

[0004] EP 2 816 672 B1 discloses a strain relief system comprising a guide bracket and at least one actuating claw associated with the guide bracket, which is movably arranged within the guide bracket substantially along the longitudinal axis of an inserted cable from a pre-locking position to a final locking position. During movement from the pre-locking position to the final locking position, the actuating claw as a whole performs a movement to secure the inserted cable and provide a strain relief function. This design does not provide anti-rotation protection for the cable.

[0005] German patent DE 20 2019 005 522 Ul relates to a cable gland for a fluid-cooled cable, a cable gland assembly, and a charging device for electric vehicles. It solves the problem of further reducing the risk posed by coolant leakage in fluid-cooled cables by providing a cable gland for a fluid-cooled cable that includes a housing and an inlet through which the cable can be routed into the housing. Furthermore, the cable gland includes a first outlet through which electrical conductors of the cable can be routed out of the housing. Thus, electrical conductors that pass through the inlet inside the cable can then continue through the first outlet. The cable gland also includes a second outlet, separate from the first outlet, through which one or more fluid lines of the cable can be routed out of the housing.Therefore, at least one fluid line, which is routed through the inlet inside the cable, can then continue through the second outlet. A sealing element is arranged at at least one of the outlets. With this design, the problem of adapting the feedthrough to different cable diameters does not arise at all.

[0006] CN 117693868 A relates to a charging plug attached to a vehicle and used to charge a battery fitted to the vehicle. The charging plug is provided with: a first power terminal and a second power terminal, which serve to supply power to the battery; several signal terminals; a housing that accommodates the first power terminal, the second power terminal, and the several signal terminals, and is attached to the external charging plug in a front end section along one insertion direction of the external charging plug; a retaining body in which the first power terminal, the second power terminal, and the several signal terminals are held together with the housing; a first relay terminal and a second relay terminal, which are electrically connected to the respective rear end sections of the first power terminal and the second power terminal and extend in a direction that intersects the insertion direction;a first power line and a second power line, each of which is electrically connected to the first power connection and the second power connection via the first relay connection and the second relay connection;Several signal lines, each electrically connected to the multiple signal terminals. The protective sleeve covers the rear end section of the housing up to the power line and the middle section of the signal line. The protective sleeve has an opening that covers the rear end section of the housing. The holder has a wall projecting in the insertion direction. This wall has a limiting wall to define the position of the relay terminal. A reinforcing rib is arranged on the outer surface of the end of the limiting wall in the extension direction of the relay terminal. The sleeve has a flange section arranged around the opening. This design primarily depicts a cable connector, not a cable gland, and therefore does not address adaptability to different cable diameters within a cable gland.

[0007] EP 2423028 A2 relates to a power supply control device comprising a body containing a circuit block; a first cable extending from the body for connection to a charging circuit of an electric vehicle; a second cable extending from the body for connection to a power source; and a sealing element that seals a gap between each cable and a corresponding cable entry in the body. The power supply control device further comprises an external limiting element provided on the outside of the sealing element for each cable to prevent the corresponding cable from being bent. The embodiment described therein has a large number of additional components to be attached to the cable to be sealed, which makes assembly very complex.

[0008] Other known cable glands with strain relief are disclosed in EP 2 377204 Bl, US 10 290 970 Bl, US 11 349 254 B2, US 2011 / 154940 Al, US 2011 / 312211 Al, US 5 975 942 A, US 8 288 667 B2, WO 2007 / 113307 Al and WO 93 / 06637 AL

[0009] The object of the invention is therefore to provide a cable gland for a charging cable and a charging station for an electric vehicle that overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and prevent damage to the charging cable during use, particularly in the area where the charging cable enters the charging station and especially in the event of improper handling, and enable reliable and long-lasting operation of the charging station without replacing the charging cable. The invention solves the above problem by providing a cable gland for a charging cable with the features of claim 1, a charging station for an electric vehicle with the features of claim 20, and a kit for attaching the charging cable to the charging station with the features of claim 21.

[0010] The cable passage mentioned at the outset for the charging cable of a charging station for electric vehicles is characterized according to the invention in that a rotational relief device for forces or torques acting longitudinally and / or rotationally around the cable passage direction on the charging cable is provided in the cable passage for attachment to the charging cable.

[0011] An electric vehicle can be, in particular, a land-based electric passenger or truck vehicle, whereby the electric vehicle can be operated fully electrically or in a hybrid manner.

[0012] Preferably, the cable gland can have a connection flange extending substantially transversely to the cable gland direction for attaching the cable gland to a charging station housing. A sealing element can advantageously be provided on the side of the connection flange facing the housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the connection flange can have a sealing edge for the sealing element that extends completely or intermittently around the connection flange and points towards the housing in the direction of cable entry. The connection flange can also have at least one, preferably two, mounting holes for fastening screws that extend in the direction of cable entry for attachment to the housing.

[0014] In a further embodiment, the strain relief can advantageously include at least one clamping element, in particular an annular clamping ring, projecting transversely into the cable passage. Furthermore, the clamping element can preferably have an inner contour, in particular an inner diameter, that is smaller than the outer contour, in particular the outer diameter, of the charging cable. The clamping element can also have at least one compensating recess on its inner contour, which is intended for contact with the charging cable and increases the inner contour.

[0015] Furthermore, it is advantageous to have at least one first groove, in particular a first annular groove, extending transversely to the cable routing direction, provided in the cable passage for receiving the clamping element. The clamping element can also preferably have at least one positioning element on its outer surface, located farther from the cable routing direction and transverse to the cable routing direction, which interacts with a correspondingly shaped counter-positioning element, in particular a positioning recess, formed in the first groove.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping element can consist of two or more clamping element sections, in particular clamping ring sections, which are preferably identical in construction and / or symmetrical to each other. Alternatively, the two clamping element sections can be designed differently, in particular asymmetrically to each other.

[0017] Furthermore, the anti-rotation device can advantageously include at least one anti-rotation element, in particular an annular anti-rotation ring, projecting transversely into the cable passage. The anti-rotation element can advantageously have an inner contour, in particular an inner diameter, that corresponds to or is smaller than the outer contour, in particular the outer diameter, of the charging cable.

[0018] Furthermore, the anti-rotation element can have at least one, preferably several, anti-rotation features projecting into the cable passage on its inner side, which lies transversely to the cable routing direction. These features are designed to engage the charging cable, and the anti-rotation features preferably project further into the cable passage than the outer contour, in particular the outer diameter, of the charging cable transversely to the cable routing direction. Additionally, a circle defined by the inwardly projecting anti-rotation features and coaxial with the axis of the cable passage in the cable routing direction can have a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the charging cable. Preferably, at least one second groove, in particular a second annular groove, extending transversely to the cable routing direction, can be provided in the cable passage to receive the anti-rotation element.Advantageously, the anti-rotation element can have at least one positioning element on its cable-free outer side, which lies transversely to the cable routing direction and which interacts with a correspondingly shaped counter-positioning element, in particular a positioning recess, formed in the second groove.

[0019] The anti-rotation element can advantageously consist of two or more, preferably identical and / or mutually symmetrical anti-rotation element sections, in particular anti-rotation ring sections. Alternatively, the two anti-rotation element sections can be designed differently, in particular be asymmetrical to each other.

[0020] Advantageously, the cable entry can consist of two or more, preferably identical and / or mutually symmetrical, cable entry parts, each forming a portion of the cable passage. The cable entry parts can be separated from each other in a plane running essentially parallel to the cable entry direction, particularly outside a plane of symmetry of the cable entry. Alternatively, the two cable entry parts can be identical in design. Furthermore, each of the two cable entry parts can have a semi-cylindrical sleeve section extending in the cable entry direction for gripping the charging cable. Additionally, one, preferably both, cable entry parts can have at least one clamping bore for a clamping element, in particular a clamping screw, which can be connected to the other cable entry part.Each other cable entry part preferably has at least one clamping thread for the clamping element designed as a clamping screw.

[0021] Preferably, the strain relief and / or the rotation relief, in particular the clamping element and / or rotation locking element as described above and below, shown in the drawings and defined in the claims, can be firmly connected to the cable feedthrough, in particular to the cable feedthrough parts as described above and below, shown in the drawings and defined in the claims, in particular cast in one piece with the cable feedthrough or the cable feedthrough parts, in particular in a polymeric material, in particular plastic.

[0022] In the aforementioned, preferably one-piece, design, the strain relief and / or the rotational relief, in particular the clamping element or anti-rotation element, or the clamping element sections or anti-rotation element sections, can be easily manufactured together with the cable gland or the respective cable gland part, in particular by casting them together; thus, complex assembly is no longer necessary. Preferably, the cable gland with the molded strain relief and / or the molded rotational relief can be made from a single material, in particular a polymeric material, especially plastic, which can preferably be done in a single manufacturing step, in particular in a casting process. In particular, the annular groove sections, the positioning recesses, and the positioning elements can then also be omitted.

[0023] An advantageous embodiment of the invention may provide for at least one adapter sleeve that can be inserted into the cable passage, the outer contour, in particular the outer diameter, of which can be adapted to the inner contour, in particular the inner diameter, of the cable passage. The adapter sleeve may have a flange extending transversely to the cable passage direction and projecting laterally, at least partially, beyond the cable passage. Furthermore, the adapter sleeve may be long in the cable passage direction such that, when inserted, it extends from the entrance of the cable passage to the clamping element on the clamping element side, or from the entrance of the cable passage to the anti-rotation element on the anti-rotation element side. The adapter sleeve may also consist of two adapter sleeve sections separated along the cable passage direction.

[0024] Preferably, the strain relief in the cable routing direction can be arranged closer to the housing-side exit of the cable passage than the rotational relief.

[0025] The charging station for electric vehicles mentioned above is characterized according to the invention in that the cable routing is shown in the drawings and defined in the claims as described above and below. The charging station preferably serves to charge an electric vehicle as described above and below, in particular a land vehicle, but can also be used at ports for charging watercraft or at airfields for charging aircraft.

[0026] Preferably, fastening means, in particular fastening screws, can be provided adjacent to the cable entry point, which interact with corresponding fastening means, in particular fastening holes, of the cable entry point to secure the charging cable to the housing. Advantageously, the cable entry point can be provided in a wall that runs essentially perpendicular to the height of the housing.

[0027] Preferably, the wall can be the upper edge of a recess molded into the housing. Alternatively, the charging cable can hang downwards from the housing.

[0028] Furthermore, the charging cable can advantageously have an outer cable sheath made of an electrically insulating material, in particular plastic or rubber, and electrical conductors for power transmission, measuring lines and / or data lines embedded in the cable sheath.

[0029] Furthermore, the charging cable can preferably have a charging plug at its end opposite the cable entry point. Additionally, the housing can advantageously have a receptacle for the charging plug.

[0030] An advantageous embodiment of the invention can provide a kit for attaching a charging cable as described above and below and defined in the claims to a charging station, comprising a cable gland, wherein the kit is characterized in that the cable gland is as described above and below, shown in the drawings and defined in the claims, wherein the kit for charging cables of different outer contours, in particular different outer diameters, comprises several clamping elements, in particular pairs of clamping elements, with different inner contours, in particular inner diameters, and / or several anti-rotation elements, in particular pairs of anti-rotation elements with different inner contours, in particular inner diameters.Preferably, the kit can comprise one or more adapter sleeves that can be inserted into the cable passage on one or both sides, wherein the inner contour, in particular the inner diameter, of the adapter sleeves is different.

[0031] The invention is described below with reference to a detailed embodiment and the accompanying drawings. These show:

[0032] Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a charging station for electric vehicles according to the invention;

[0033] Fig. 1a is a schematic three-dimensional detail view of the charging station from Fig. 1 in the area of ​​the cable feedthrough with the cable feedthrough not yet fully assembled;

[0034] Fig. 2 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a cable entry for the charging cable of the charging station from Fig. 1a;

[0035] Fig. 3 shows the schematic three-dimensional exploded view of the cable entry from Fig. 2;

[0036] Fig. 3a shows the schematic three-dimensional exploded view of an alternative cable entry according to the representation in Fig. 3;

[0037] Fig. 4 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a clamping ring section of the cable gland from Fig. 3;

[0038] Fig. 5 shows a schematic three-dimensional sectional view through part of the cable entry from Fig. 3 with a section through the clamping ring section;

[0039] Fig. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a rotating locking ring section of the cable gland from Fig. 3; Fig. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional sectional view through a part of the cable gland from Fig. 3 with a section through the rotating locking ring section;

[0040] Fig. 8 shows a top view of the cable entry in the exploded view from Fig. 3;

[0041] Fig. 9 shows a schematic three-dimensional exploded view of the

[0042] Cable entry from Fig. 3 with cable arranged therein;

[0043] Fig. 10 is a schematic three-dimensional exploded view of the

[0044] Cable gland from Fig. 3 with sealing element;

[0045] Fig. 11 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of the cable feedthrough from Fig. 3 with cable from Fig. 9 and sealing element from Fig. 10;

[0046] Fig. 12 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an alternative cable entry according to Fig. 2 for a cable with a smaller diameter.

[0047] Fig. 1 shows an electric charging station 1 according to the invention for electric vehicles (not shown), in particular land-based electric passenger or truck vehicles. The electric vehicle can be operated fully electrically or in hybrid mode. The charging station 1 can also be used at ports for charging watercraft or at airfields for charging aircraft.

[0048] The charging station 1 has a housing 2, which is mounted on a base 3. The housing 2 can also be attached to a wall of a building, vehicle, or similar structure. The charging electronics, including the charging controller, are housed in the housing 2. The user can configure the necessary settings for a charging process and start, pause, and stop the charging process via a display 4 with operating elements. Alternatively, this can also be done via a user interface on a mobile device, such as a smartphone, or via a user interface located in the vehicle, provided it can be directly or indirectly connected to the charging station 1's control system. The housing 2 also has a connector 5.

[0049] To charge the vehicle electrically, a charging cable 6 with a charging plug 7 is provided, which is inserted into the plug receptacle 5 when not in use. To enable operation of the charging cable 6, in particular to connect it to the charging socket on the vehicle, the charging plug 7 has a handle 8.

[0050] Typically, the charging cable 6 has several electrical conductors 6a, 6b, 6c for transmitting charging energy, measuring conductors 6d, signal conductors, control conductors, and possibly also mechanical reinforcing elements, etc. These are surrounded by a cable sheath 6e, clearly visible in Figs. 1a, 8, 9 and 11, made of an elastic plastic, which serves as their mechanical protection and also as additional electrical insulation. The various conductors 6a-d are then internally connected in the housing 2 to the respective units such as the power supply, the control unit, the measurement evaluation units, etc. Furthermore, depending on the location and power range, the charging station can have a different number and configuration of charging cables 6, both in terms of the diameter of the charging cables 6, their length and internal structure, as well as connection types for different types of charging sockets and transmission modes (direct current, alternating current, etc.).) regards.

[0051] To guide the charging cable 6 into the interior of the housing 2, the housing 2 has a recess 9 in its upper region, projecting backwards from the surface of its front face visible in Fig. 1, with an upper wall 9a extending horizontally. The recess 9 preferably extends obliquely forwards from top to bottom, so that its lower edge is essentially flush with the front surface of the housing 2.

[0052] The upper wall 9a of the recess 9 has an advantageously circular cable passage 9b through which the charging cable 6 can be inserted into the interior of the housing 2. A cable gland 10 is provided to secure the charging cable 6 to the housing 2. This gland is shown in the fully assembled state in Fig. 1 and in the pre-assembly state in Fig. 1a. The cable gland 10 serves, firstly, to support the weight of the hanging charging cable 6 against the housing, and secondly, to absorb the forces exerted on the charging cable 6 by the user during use. For this purpose, the cable gland 10 provides both a strain relief in the routing direction H of the charging cable 6, i.e. in the axial longitudinal direction L of the longitudinal axis of the charging cable 6, and a twist protection of the charging cable 6 against twisting or twisting of the charging cable 6 around its longitudinal axis, i.e. in the torsion direction in the case of a charging cable 6 with a circular cross-section.

[0053] The cable entry 10 will now be explained in detail with reference to Figs. 2, 3 and 4 to 11.

[0054] Fig. 2 shows the cable gland 10 in its assembled state, but without the charging cable 6 inserted, while Figs. 3 and 4 to 11 show different views of the cable gland 10 or parts thereof. Figs. 8, 9, and 11 also show the inserted charging cable 6, whereas in Figs. 2, 3, 4 to 7, and 10, the charging cable 6 has been omitted for clarity.

[0055] Fig. 2 shows the cable gland 10 in its assembled state, but without the charging cable 6 inserted. As can be clearly seen, particularly in conjunction with Fig. 3, the cable gland 10 consists of two identically designed cable gland parts 11, 11'. The cable gland 10 also has a connection flange 12, which extends essentially perpendicular to the insertion direction H of the charging cable 6. The connection flange 12 serves to attach the cable gland 10 with the inserted charging cable 6 to the upper wall 9a of the recess 9 and thus to the housing 2, as shown in Figs. 1 and 1a.

[0056] The connection flange 12 has a sealing edge 13 on its side facing the upper wall 9a of the recess 9, which is raised in the cable routing direction H. A sealing element 14, shown in Figures 10 and 11, is inserted into this sealing element. The sealing element 14 is preferably made of a soft plastic, or optionally of a rigid foam. This serves, among other things, to attach the cable routing 10 to the housing 2 with some elastic damping, in order to prevent vibrations caused by the operation of the charging cable 6 from affecting the housing 2. As can be clearly seen in Figure 10, the sealing element 14 has an inner passage for the charging cable 6 as well as passages adapted to the position and diameter of the centering pins 9c, 9c'.

[0057] The cable gland 10 has mounting holes 15, 15' for attachment to the upper wall 9a. These holes run in the cable routing direction H and are located at diagonally opposite corners of the connection flange 12. As can be seen in Figs. 1a, 9 and 10, mounting screws 16, 16' engage through the mounting holes 15, 15'. These screws pass through corresponding holes in centering domes 9c, 9c' in the upper wall 9a of the housing 2 and are then screwed into the mounting holes 15, 15'.

[0058] Mounting holes 15, 15' either have internal threads, or the

[0059] Fastening screws 16, 16' can be screwed into nuts located on the side facing away from the upper wall 9a. The centering pins 9c, 9c' preferably engage in the fastening bores 15, 15', which for this purpose first have a cylindrical section with a larger inner diameter adapted to the outer diameter of the centering pins 9c, 9c', and then have the internal thread described above at the base of this section. This fastening allows the cable gland 10 to be securely attached to the housing 2, and, due to the sealing element 14, with some damping.

[0060] Instead of the fastening described above, other types of fastening can also be used, which can be quickly assembled and disassembled.

[0061] Furthermore, clamping bores 17, 17' shown in Figures 3 and 4 to 10 are provided for connecting the two cable gland parts 11, 11'. These clamping bores have internally threaded clamping threads 18, 18'. The clamping threads 18, 18' each have a clamping thread projection 19, 19' that extends beyond the laterally adjoining walls of the cable gland parts 11, 11' and engages in corresponding recesses of a larger diameter than the actual clamping bores 17, 17', which can be seen in Figures 3 and 5. This allows for additional adjustment of the cable gland parts 11, 11' relative to each other and facilitates easier assembly.Furthermore, the clamping bores 17, 17' each have a cylindrical section on the outside of the connecting flange 12 with a larger inner diameter than the actual clamping bores 17, 17', which, firstly, forms a stop for the heads of the fastening screws 16, 16. Secondly, these cylindrical sections are recessed so deeply into the connecting flange 12 that the fastening screws 16, 16' disappear completely into them when assembled.

[0062] To enable the charging cable 6 to pass through the cable gland 10, semi-cylindrical sleeve sections 21, 21' extending in the cable gland direction H are provided in the cable gland parts 11, 11'. These thus surround a substantially cylindrical cable passage K through the cable gland 10, the diameter of the cable passage K being adapted to the diameter of the charging cable 6.

[0063] The sleeve sections 21, 21' each have semicircular annular groove sections 22, 22', which together form a circumferential annular groove. Essentially semicircular annular clamping ring sections 24, 24' can be inserted into the first annular groove sections 22, 22', which together form a fully circumferential clamping ring.

[0064] Figures 4 to 7 each show only the half of the cable gland 10 shown on the left in Figure 3, i.e., the cable gland part 11 and the corresponding interacting parts. The same applies to the right half of the cable gland 10 shown on the right in Figures 3 and 8 to 10, i.e., the cable gland part 11'.

[0065] As can be clearly seen in Fig. 5, a circular segment-shaped positioning recess 23, extending perpendicular to the cable routing direction H, is provided on the outer side of the first annular groove section 22. In the assembled state, a corresponding circular segment-shaped positioning element 25, extending perpendicular to the cable routing direction H and projecting outwards, rests in this recess on the outer side of the semicircular clamping ring section 24. The same applies to the first annular groove section 27' of the right-hand sleeve section 21' shown in Figs. 3 and 8 to 10. In the installed state, the positioning recess 23 and positioning recess 23' are preferably diametrically opposed to each other. Similarly, the positioning element 25 and the positioning element 25' are also preferably diametrically opposed to each other. The positioning recesses 23 and 23', respectively, and the corresponding positioning elements 25 and 25', respectively, are thus positioned in a manner that ensures proper alignment.25 ' can also be diametrically opposed to each other, and in particular can be evenly or unevenly distributed around the circumference.

[0066] The clamping ring sections 24, 24' serve to secure the cable 6 against movement in the cable routing direction H and thus also in the axial longitudinal direction L of the cable 6, and to absorb loads acting on the charging cable 6 in the longitudinal direction L. The inner diameter, in particular of the inner walls, of the clamping ring sections 24, 24' is therefore smaller, preferably slightly smaller, than the outer diameter of the charging cable 6. If other inner contours are chosen, these must be correspondingly smaller than the outer contour of the charging cable 6.

[0067] At the free ends that meet, the clamping ring sections 24, 24' each have identical compensating recesses 26, 26' on both sides. These recesses project outwards relative to the inner walls of the clamping ring sections 24, 24', meaning that, in the case of the semicircular clamping ring sections 24, 24', they have a slightly larger inner diameter than the inner diameter of the inner walls of the clamping ring sections 24, 24'. The clamping ring sections 24, 24' thus have stepped ends on their inner sides. The compensating recesses 26, 26' serve to allow slight movement of the cable sheath 6e around the charging cable 6 when the cable gland 10 is installed. Instead of the stepped contour, the compensating recesses 26, 26' can also have other shapes, e.g., triangular, polygonal, or rounded.

[0068] Furthermore, the sleeve sections 21, 21' each have identically shaped semicircular annular groove sections 27, 27', which together form a circumferential annular second annular groove. Essentially semicircular annular anti-rotation ring sections 29, 29' can be inserted into the second annular groove sections 27, 27', which together form a fully circumferential anti-rotation ring.

[0069] As can be clearly seen in Figs. 6 and 7, two circular segment-shaped positioning recesses 28, extending perpendicular to the cable routing direction H, are provided on the outside of the second rotating locking ring section 29, into which corresponding circular segment-shaped positioning elements 30, extending perpendicular to the cable routing direction H, come to lie on the outside of the semicircular annular rotating locking ring section 29 when the assembly is complete.

[0070] The same applies to the second annular groove section 27' shown in Figs. 3 and 8 to 10 of the other sleeve section 21' shown on the right there with its two positioning recesses 28' and its two positioning elements 30'.

[0071] In the installed state, the positioning recesses 28 and the positioning recesses 28' are preferably arranged in pairs diametrically opposite each other. Similarly, the positioning elements 30 and positioning element 30' are also preferably arranged in pairs diametrically opposite each other. However, the positioning recesses 28 and 28' and the corresponding positioning elements 30 and 30' can also be arranged in non-diametrical positions, in particular, they can be distributed evenly or unevenly around the circumference.

[0072] Furthermore, the second annular groove section 27 has anti-rotation features 31 on its inner side in the area of ​​the positioning elements 30, which are shorter in the circumferential direction and act more punctually than the positioning elements 30. The same applies to the second annular groove section 27' of the other sleeve section 21' shown on the right in Figs. 3 and 8 to 10 with its two anti-rotation features 31'.

[0073] Preferably, the inner diameter, in particular of the inner walls, of the anti-rotation sections 29, 29' is adapted to the outer diameter of the charging cable 6 or is only slightly smaller than it, while diametrically opposed anti-rotation jumps 31, 31' preferably have a smaller, in particular slightly smaller, distance from each other than the diameter of the charging cable 6.

[0074] If the twisting projections 31, 31' are not diametrically opposed to each other, their vertices projecting towards the cable passage K preferably lie on a circle concentric to the cable passage K with a diameter that is smaller, in particular slightly smaller, than the diameter of the charging cable 6.

[0075] The anti-rotation jumps 31, 31' thus provide an anti-rotation device for the charging cable 6, which is intended to prevent, as far as possible, any twisting or twisting of the charging cable 6 in the cable gland 10 caused by use. The anti-rotation ring sections 29, 29' therefore serve to secure the charging cable 6 against rotational movements around the cable gland direction H or the axial longitudinal direction L of the charging cable 6 and to absorb loads acting in this direction of rotation.

[0076] Preferably, the first annular groove sections 22, 22' with the clamping ring sections 24, 24' are located closer to the housing 2 in the cable routing direction H and thus further away from the external forces than the second annular groove sections 27, 27' with the

[0077] Rotation locking sections 29, 29'. This allows advantageously to initially

[0078] Rotational components of external forces that cause the charging cable 6 to twist are absorbed. Following this rotational strain relief, the longitudinal components of the forces acting in the cable routing direction H and thus in the axial longitudinal direction L of the charging cable 6 can then be absorbed, thereby providing longitudinal strain relief.

[0079] The cable gland 10 described above thus enables both securing the charging cable 6 against longitudinal displacements in the cable gland direction H or axial longitudinal direction L as well as against rotation about these directions, whereby the two-part design of the cable gland 10 allows for easy assembly and adaptation to different charging cables with different cable diameters.

[0080] The cable gland 10 can be mounted by first loosely pre-assembling the cable gland parts 11, 11' with the clamping screws 20, 20', then inserting the charging cable 6 through the cable passage K and then tightening the clamping screws 20, 20' and thus firmly mounting the cable gland 10 to the charging cable 6.

[0081] The cable gland parts 11, 11' can also be pre-assembled separately with all components and then placed around the charging cable 6. The clamping screws 20, 20' are then screwed into the clamping threads 18, 18' and tightened.

[0082] Fig. 11 shows the cable gland 10 fully mounted on the charging cable 6, ready for mounting on the housing 2. For this purpose, the charging cable 6 shown in Figs. 1a and 11, with its upper, free connection end and partially exposed wires 6a-d, is guided through the cable passage 9b. The mounting holes 15, 15' are then slid over the centering pins 9c, 9c', and the mounting screws 16, 16' are subsequently screwed into the mounting holes 15, 15' as described above.

[0083] Fig. 12 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of an alternative cable gland 110 according to the invention, corresponding to Fig. 2, for a charging cable 6 with a smaller diameter. Identical components are shown with the same reference numerals as those shown in Fig. 2, while corresponding but differently designed parts have the same reference numeral supplemented by a preceding numeral “1”.

[0084] The alternative cable entry 110 again has two preferably identically designed cable entry parts 111, 111', wherein the circular diameter of the cylindrical formed by alternative cylindrical sleeve sections 121, 121'

[0085] The cable passage K' is significantly smaller than in the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0086] However, the external dimensions of the sleeve sections 121, 121' are the same as those of the sleeve sections 21, 21', and the connection flange 112 with mounting holes 15, 15' also corresponds to that of the cable entry 10 described above, in order to enable connection to the housing 2 with uniform cable passages 9b for a wide variety of cable diameters and to avoid having to make any additional adjustments to the housing 2.

[0087] Preferably, only those components are modified that need to be adapted to the smaller diameter of the alternative charging cable 6, in particular those components that ensure a secure fit of the charging cable 6 both in the axial longitudinal direction L of the charging cable 6 and against rotation in the cable gland 110 in the cable passage K'. These are, in particular, the components visible in Fig. 12, such as a first annular groove 122, a clamping ring 124, a compensating recess 126, a second annular groove 127, or a rotation locking ring 129. These each have the corresponding sections and parts as already described above in the first embodiment of the cable gland 10. Preferably, the respective inner diameters of the first annular groove 122 and second annular groove 127 can remain unchanged, so that the corresponding outer diameters of the clamping ring 124 or the rotation locking ring 129 to be inserted therein also remain unchanged.Only the inner diameter of the clamping ring 124 then needs to be adjusted to the smaller cable diameter according to the specifications above. The same applies to the anti-rotation ring 129, where at least the distances between the diametrically opposed anti-rotation projections 131, 131' preferably have a smaller distance between them than the now smaller cable diameter. If necessary, the inner diameter of the anti-rotation ring 129 or its two sections can also be adjusted accordingly.

[0088] If necessary, the cable entry parts 11, 11' described above can be used instead of the alternative cable entry parts 111, 111', whereby the adaptation of the inner diameter of the cylindrical sleeve sections 21, 21' to the smaller cable diameter can then be achieved by one or more adapter sleeves or adapter sleeve sections, which have an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the original cable passage K, but whose inner diameter is adapted to the smaller cable diameter to form the alternative smaller cable passage K'. Preferably, such adapter sleeves can have a flange on one side that is larger than the now smaller cable diameter and also projects beyond the end faces of the sleeve sections 21, 21' that extend transversely to the cable entry direction H.In the cable routing direction H, one adapter sleeve is inserted into the cable passage K up to the first annular groove formed by the first annular groove sections 27, 27'. The other adapter sleeve is then inserted into the opposite entrance of the cable passage K in the opposite direction up to the second annular groove formed by the second annular groove sections 27, 27'. The cable passage 10 is pre-assembled at this point; the clamping screws 20, 20' are not yet tightened. This allows the charging cable 6 to be inserted through the cable passage adapted by the inserted adapter sleeves, and then the clamping screws 20, 20' to be tightened, thus firmly mounting the cable passage 10 to the charging cable 6.

[0089] If necessary, the adapter sleeves can also be slid over the end of the cable 6 in the correct position before the cable guide parts 11, 11' are assembled, and then the cable guide parts 11, 11' are placed around the charging cable 6 and fastened together.

[0090] If necessary, the adapter sleeves can also be designed in two parts like the other parts of the cable gland 10, so that they can be pre-assembled together with the other components and then placed around the charging cable 6 and finally assembled with the cable gland 10.

[0091] In this design, the adaptation to a different outer diameter is achieved by only adjusting the inner diameters of the components coming into contact with the charging cable 6, while the remaining dimensions remain the same, and the diameter difference between cable passage K and charging cable 6 is adjusted by means of adapter sleeves.

[0092] The adaptability described above, whether through the alternative design of the cable gland 110 shown in Fig. 12 and described above, or through adaptation using adapter sleeves, facilitates assembly and allows the charging station 1 to be adapted on-site or after a certain period of time, for example, if it is determined that a switch from a more powerful to a less powerful supply is required, or if the charging station 1 needs to be converted from truck charging to car charging, thus requiring a thinner charging cable 6. In this respect, considerable modularity is provided.

[0093] Preferably, the respective matching inner and outer contours of the first annular groove sections 23, 23' and clamping ring sections 24, 24' and the second annular groove sections 27, 27' and anti-rotation ring sections 29, 29' differ from each other, so that the clamping ring sections 24, 24' and anti-rotation ring sections 29, 29' cannot be accidentally inserted into the respective wrong second or first annular groove section 27, 27' or 23, 23' during assembly.

[0094] Instead of the cylindrical or annular shape of the sleeve sections 22, 21', the first annular groove sections 23, 23', the clamping ring section 24, 24', the second annular groove sections 27, 27', and the anti-rotation ring sections 29, 29', these can also have other cross-sections or inner and outer contours, which, however, must fit together accordingly. For example, the inner contours of the annular groove sections 23, 23' and the corresponding outer contours of the respective clamping ring section 24, 24' and / or the inner contours of the second annular groove sections 27, 27' and the outer contours of the corresponding anti-rotation ring sections 29, 29' can have a polygonal, in particular hexagonal, octagonal, or dodecagonal cross-section. In this case, the positioning recesses and positioning elements can be omitted or are formed by the corners of the respective cross-sections.

[0095] The corresponding inner contours of the first annular groove sections 23, 23' and the outer contours of the clamping ring sections 24, 24' may also differ from the corresponding inner contours of the clamping ring sections 24, 24' and the outer contours of the sleeve sections 21, 21'. Similarly, the corresponding inner contours of the second annular groove sections 27, 27' and the outer contours of the anti-rotation ring sections 29, 29' may differ from the corresponding inner contours of the anti-rotation ring sections 29, 29' and the outer contours of the sleeve sections 21, 21'.

[0096] Another alternative embodiment is shown in Fig. 3a, which shows a schematic three-dimensional exploded view of a further alternative cable gland 210 corresponding to the representation in Fig. 3, where identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals. Only different parts are provided with different reference numerals.

[0097] The cable gland 210 differs primarily from the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 in that the cable gland parts 211, 211' do not have first or second annular groove sections 22, 22' or 27, 27', respectively, into which the clamping ring sections 24, 24' or rotating locking ring sections 27, 27' are inserted. Instead, the clamping rings 224, 224' necessary for ensuring the clamping function are manufactured in one piece as projections into the cable passage K, made of the same material as the cable gland parts 211, 211'. Compensating recesses 226, 226' are also provided here, serving the same function as the compensating recesses 26, 26' described above. Accordingly, the anti-rotation projections 231, 231' provided for the anti-rotation device are also manufactured in one piece as extensions projecting into the cable passage K from the same material as the cable passage parts 211, 211'.This significantly simplifies the manufacture of the cable gland 210 compared to the other cable glands 10 and 110 described above, since the assembly of the individual components is no longer necessary when mounting the cable gland 210 and only the two cable gland parts 211, 211' need to be mounted on the charging cable 6.

[0098] Preferably, the material from which the cable glands 10, 110, and 210, or the cable gland parts 11, 11', 111, 111', 211, 211', are manufactured can be a polymeric material, in particular plastic. This allows for easy shaping of the desired form, and especially in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3a, the strain relief and / or rotational relief can be manufactured together with the cable gland 210 or the cable gland parts 211, 211' without any additional assembly steps. However, other materials can also be used.

[0099] Reference sign

[0100] 1 charging station

[0101] 2 cases

[0102] 3 sockets

[0103] 4 Display with controls

[0104] 5 connector socket

[0105] 6 charging cables

[0106] 6a, b, c electrical lines for energy transmission

[0107] 6d measuring leads

[0108] 6e Cable sheath

[0109] 7 charging plugs

[0110] 8 handle

[0111] 9 trough

[0112] 9a upper wall of the trough

[0113] 9b Cable penetration

[0114] 9c, 9c' Centering Dome

[0115] 10 cable feedthrough

[0116] 11.1 L cable gland parts

[0117] 12 Connection flange

[0118] 13 Sealing edge

[0119] 14 Sealing element

[0120] 15, 15' Mounting holes

[0121] 16, 16' Fastening screws

[0122] 17, 17' clamping holes

[0123] 18, 18' clamping thread

[0124] 19, 19' clamping thread projection

[0125] 20, 20' Tensioning screws

[0126] 21, 21' semi-cylindrical cartridge case sections

[0127] 22, 22 ' first ring groove sections

[0128] 23, 23 ' Positioning recesses first ring groove

[0129] 24, 24 ' clamping ring sections

[0130] 25, 25 ' Positioning elements clamping ring

[0131] 26, 26' equalizing jump 27, 27' second ring groove sections

[0132] 28, 28 ' Positioning recesses second ring groove

[0133] 29, 29' Rotating locking ring sections

[0134] 30, 30' Positioning elements Rotation locking ring sections

[0135] 31, 31' V twist projections

[0136] 110 alternative cable routing

[0137] 111, RF cable gland parts

[0138] 121, 121' alternative cylindrical sleeve sections

[0139] 122 first ring groove

[0140] 124 clamping ring

[0141] 126 equalizing jump

[0142] 127 second ring groove

[0143] 129 Rotating locking ring

[0144] 131, 131' Anti-rotation projections 10 Alternative cable entry 11, 211' Cable entry parts 21, 221' Cylindrical sleeve sections 24, 224' Clamping ring sections 26, 226' Compensating recesses 31 Anti-rotation projection (rotation lock)

[0145] H Vertical direction of cable penetration, cable penetration direction

[0146] L axial longitudinal direction of the charging cable

[0147] K, K' cable passage

Claims

Claims 1. Cable entry point (10) for a charging cable (6) for charging a electric vehicle with a connection flange (12) for attaching the cable gland (10) to a charging station (1), with a cable passage (K; K') extending in a cable passage direction (H) and adaptable to or adapted to the outer contour of the charging cable (6), wherein a strain relief for in the cable passage (K; K') The cable passage (K; K') is characterized in that a rotational relief is provided in the cable passage (K; K') for contact with the charging cable (6) to withstand forces and / or torques acting longitudinally and / or rotationally around the cable passage direction (H) on the charging cable (6).

2. Cable feedthrough (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable feedthrough (10) has a connection flange (12) extending substantially transversely to the cable feedthrough direction (H) for fastening the cable feedthrough (10) to a housing (2) of a charging station (1).

3. Cable entry (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that a sealing element (14) is provided on the side of the connection flange (12) facing the housing (2).

4. Cable passage (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strain relief has at least one clamping element (24, 24') projecting transversely to the cable passage direction (H) into the cable passage (K; K'), in particular an annular clamping ring.

5. Cable feedthrough (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the clamping element (24, 24') has an inner contour, in particular an inner diameter, which is smaller than the outer contour, in particular the outer diameter, of the charging cable (6).

6. Cable feedthrough (10) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the clamping element (24, 24') has at least one compensating recess (26, 26') on its inner contour provided for contact with the charging cable (6), which enlarges the inner contour.

7. Cable passage (10) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that at least one first groove (22, 22') extending transversely to the cable passage direction (H), in particular a first annular groove, is provided in the cable passage (K; K') for receiving the clamping element (24, 24').

8. Cable feedthrough (10) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the clamping element (24, 24') has at least one positioning element (25, 25') on its cable-free outer side lying transverse to the cable feedthrough direction (H), which cooperates with a correspondingly shaped counter-positioning element (23, 23'), in particular a positioning recess, formed in the first groove (22, 22').

9. Cable feedthrough (10) according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the clamping element (24, 24') consists of two or more, preferably identical and / or mutually symmetrical, clamping element sections (24, 24'), in particular clamping ring sections.

10. Cable entry (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotational relief comprises at least one projection transverse to the cable entry direction (H) into the cable passage (K; K'). includes a rotation locking element (29, 29'), in particular an annular rotation locking ring.

11. Cable entry (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that the Rotation locking element (29, 29') on its transverse to The cable-side inner side of the cable has at least one, preferably several, twisting projections (31, 31') designed to be attached to the charging cable (6) and projecting into the cable passage (K; K'), wherein the twisting projection(s) (31, 31') preferably project further into the cable passage (K; K') than the outer contour, in particular the outer diameter, of the charging cable (6) measures transversely to the cable passage direction (H).

12. Cable passage (10) according to one of claims 10 to 11, characterized in that at least one second groove (27, 27') extending transversely to the cable passage direction (H), in particular a second annular groove, is provided in the cable passage (K; K') for receiving the anti-rotation element (29, 29').

13. Cable entry (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that the Rotation locking element (29, 29') on its transverse to cable routing direction (H) has at least one positioning element (30, 30') on the cable-free outer side, which interacts with a correspondingly shaped counter-positioning element (28, 28') formed in the second groove (27, 27'), in particular a positioning recess.

14. Cable feedthrough (10) according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the rotation locking element (29, 29') consists of two or more, preferably identical and / or mutually symmetrical rotation locking element sections, in particular consists of rotation locking ring sections.

15. Cable feedthrough (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cable feedthrough (10) consists of two, preferably identical and / or mutually symmetrical, cable feedthrough parts (11, 11') which each form a part of the cable passage (K; K').

16. Cable feedthrough (10) according to claim 15, characterized in that the two cable feedthrough parts (11, 11') each have a have a semi-cylindrical sleeve section (21, 21') running in the direction of cable passage (H) for gripping the charging cable (6).

17. Cable feedthrough (10) according to one of claims 15 to 16, characterized in that one, preferably both cable feedthrough parts (11, 11') have at least one clamping bore (17, 17') for a clamping element (20, 20') connectable to the respective other cable feedthrough part (11, 11'), in particular a clamping screw, wherein the other or respective other cable feedthrough part (11', 11) preferably has at least one clamping thread (18, 18') for the clamping element (20, 20') designed as a clamping screw.

18. Cable feedthrough (210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strain relief, in particular the clamping element (224, 224') according to one of claims 4 to 9, and / or the rotation relief, in particular the rotation locking element according to one of claims 10 to 14, is firmly connected to the cable feedthrough (10), in particular cast in one piece with the cable feedthrough (10) or the cable feedthrough parts (11, 11'), in particular in a polymeric material, in particular plastic.

19. Cable entry (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strain relief in the cable entry direction (H) is arranged closer to the housing-side exit of the cable passage (K; K') than the rotation relief.

20. Charging station (1) for an electric vehicle with at least one charging cable (6), the charging cable (6) being attachable or secured to the charging station (1) by a cable gland (10), wherein the charging station (1) has a housing (2) with a cable gland (9b), wherein the charging cable (6) protruding on one side of the cable gland (10) or components thereof are guided through the cable gland (9b) into the interior of the housing (2), characterized in that the cable gland (10) is designed according to one of the preceding claims.

21. Kit for attaching a charging cable (6) to a charging station (1) comprising a cable gland (10), characterized in that the cable gland (10) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the kit for charging cables (6) of different outer contours, in particular different outer diameters, comprises several clamping elements (24, 24'), in particular pairs of clamping element sections (24, 24'), with different inner contours, in particular inner diameters, and / or several anti-rotation elements (29, 29'), in particular pairs of anti-rotation element sections (29, 29'), with different Internal contours, in particular internal diameters, are included.

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