Integrated system for DAC and data center residual heat air recovery

Abstract

Provided is an integrated system for DAC and data center residual heat air recovery. The system comprises: a waste heat recovery and utilization unit, a carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit, a gas-liquid separation unit and a carbon dioxide liquefaction and storage unit, wherein the waste heat recovery and utilization unit is used for recovering heat in hot air discharged by a data center, and is used for producing steam; the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit is used for separating and capturing carbon dioxide; the gas-liquid separation unit is used for separating water vapor from carbon dioxide; and the carbon dioxide liquefaction and storage unit is used for the compression and storage of carbon dioxide. By combining DAC and data center residual heat air recovery, heat energy and a wind pressure which are discharged by a data center are used for perfectly solving the problems of air induction energy consumption and desorption which are required by the DAC, not only implementing the recovery and utilization of residual heat of the data center, but also capturing carbon dioxide in air on this basis, thereby achieving the aim of negative carbon.

Description

DAC and data center waste heat air recovery integrated system TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a DAC (Direct Air Capture) and data center waste heat air recovery integrated system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Climate change is a serious challenge faced by mankind in the 21st century, and is a major global problem that deeply affects the ecological environment and economic and social development of countries. The large amount of greenhouse gases emitted by human activities is the main cause of global warming and climate change. Among them, the total CO2 emission is the largest, with an annual emission of more than 40 billion tons, becoming the most important greenhouse gas leading to global warming. In 2023, the CO2 concentration in the global atmosphere reached 420 ppm, becoming the highest in the past 3 million years. High CO2 concentration will cause the temperature of the earth's surface to rise, further causing ice melting, land salinization, land drought, crop productivity decline and species extinction, and a series of serious problems, and reducing the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is imminent, which is a big problem for mankind.

[0003] Internet data center (IDC, Internet Data Center) refers to a kind of perfect equipment (including high-speed Internet access bandwidth, high-performance local area network, safe and reliable computer room environment, etc.), professional management, perfect application service platform. In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology, the construction scale of data center has been accelerating, according to the data of the Ministry of Ecological Environment, the power consumption of data center in China reached 216.6 billion kWh in 2021, accounting for about 2.6% of the total power consumption in China. It is estimated that by 2025, the proportion will increase by one time, reaching 4.05%. The global data center power consumption reached 460TWh in 2022, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the global data center power consumption will reach 1000TWh by 2026. The energy consumption of the refrigeration system in the data center accounts for about 30%-40% of the total energy consumption of the data center. These heat usually needs to be dissipated by the cooling system to ensure the normal operation of the data center; among them, the hot air is directly discharged to the outdoor, causing a huge waste of energy; in addition, the data center server needs to run continuously for 24 hours, which requires the matching air conditioning equipment to also run continuously. From the perspective of the "double carbon" policy, a large amount of waste heat emission is equivalent to carbon emission, so how to effectively recover the waste heat of the data center and apply it is the key to realizing the energy saving and carbon reduction of the data center. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0004] Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology is a new carbon capture technology. It uses a large fan array to transport air into a capture device and uses adsorbents (such as lye, organic amines, etc.) to capture CO2. The adsorbent that has adsorbed CO2 can be regenerated and reused by heating to release CO2. DAC can effectively solve CO2 emissions from any source. DAC technology captures CO2 from air in a closed "chemical cycle" that can reuse adsorbents, minimizing waste. However, DAC technology has a major drawback: because the partial pressure of CO2 in air is much lower than that of flue gas from high-polluting sources such as coal-fired power plants, the concentration of CO2 is only 0.042% (420 ppm), and about 1.3 million Nm3 of air is needed to capture 1 ton of CO2. The flue gas from coal-fired power plants (about 12% concentration), only 4550 Nm3 of flue gas is needed. Therefore, the cost of DAC carbon capture is very high. At present, the cost of DAC to capture 1 ton of CO2 from air is about $200-600, which is much higher than that of CO2 capture from flue gas. The cost is mainly concentrated in the energy consumption of air induction and desorption. Technical solutions

[0005] To overcome the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a DAC and data center waste heat air recovery integrated system for effectively recovering the heat energy in the hot air generated by the data center and capturing the carbon dioxide therein to achieve the purpose of energy recovery and carbon reduction.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a DAC and data center waste heat air recovery integrated system, comprising a waste heat recovery and utilization unit, a carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit, a gas-liquid separation unit and a carbon dioxide liquefaction and storage unit, the waste heat recovery and utilization unit is used to recover the heat in the hot air discharged by the data center and to produce steam, the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit is used to separate and capture carbon dioxide, the gas-liquid separation unit is used to separate water vapor and carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide liquefaction and storage unit is used to compress and store carbon dioxide.

[0007] By combining DAC with data center waste heat air recovery, the heat energy and wind pressure discharged by the data center can be used to perfectly adapt to the desorption and air induction energy consumption required by DAC. Not only the waste heat of the data center is recovered and utilized, but also the carbon dioxide in the air is captured to achieve the purpose of negative carbon.

[0008] Preferably, the waste heat recovery and utilization unit comprises a high-temperature heat pump and a steam storage tank connected in sequence.

[0009] Preferably, the high-temperature heat pump is provided with a hot air inlet, a cold air outlet, a condensate water inlet and a steam outlet.

[0010] Preferably, the steam storage tank is a pressure container, which is provided with a steam inlet and a steam outlet, and the steam inlet is connected to the steam outlet of the high-temperature heat pump.

[0011] Preferably, the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit comprises a cold air inlet, a steam inlet, a carbon-free air outlet and a wet carbon dioxide outlet, the cold air inlet is connected to the cold air outlet of the high-temperature heat pump, the steam inlet is connected to the steam outlet of the steam storage tank, and the carbon-free air outlet is directly connected to the outside.

[0012] Preferably, the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit uses steam to complete desorption, and the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit further comprises three adsorption chambers and / or desorption chambers, the adsorption chambers and / or desorption chambers are the same gas cavities, and the three gas cavities alternately perform adsorption and desorption to realize continuous operation.

[0013] Preferably, the adsorption time of the adsorption chamber is greater than the desorption time of the desorption chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the gas-liquid separation unit is a gas-liquid separator for separating carbon dioxide and water vapor.

[0015] Preferably, the carbon dioxide liquefaction and storage unit comprises a compressor, a liquefier and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank connected in sequence.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank is a pressure container, and the pressure is greater than 2 MPa.

[0017] Preferably, the data center comprises an Internet data center, an artificial intelligence data center, a government management data center, a city data center, an unmanned driving data center and all data centers with large servers and cooling systems such as industrial, Internet of Things, company, airport, subway station, high-speed rail station, industrial park and the like. Advantages

[0018] The application has the advantages that the application combines data center waste heat recovery with a DAC system, solves the problems of air induction and desorption energy consumption of the DAC, effectively recovers and utilizes the data center waste heat, avoids energy waste, captures carbon dioxide from air and achieves the goal of negative carbon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the embodiment.

[0020] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic block diagram of the embodiment. Embodiment of the application

[0021] The advantages and features of the present application will be more easily understood by those skilled in the art from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to make the scope of protection of the present application more clear and explicit.

[0022] Referring to FIGS. 1-2, the embodiment discloses a DAC and data center waste heat air recovery integrated system, which comprises four main parts: a waste heat recovery unit, a carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit, a gas-liquid separation unit and a carbon dioxide liquefaction storage unit.

[0023] The waste heat recovery unit aims to recover the heat energy in the hot air discharged by the data center and convert it into steam, and reduce the effect of air temperature capture, the waste heat recovery unit is composed of a high-temperature heat pump and a steam storage tank connected in turn, wherein the high-temperature heat pump is provided with a hot air inlet, a cold air outlet, a condensate water inlet and a steam outlet, the high-temperature heat pump is used to extract the heat in the hot air and then transfer it to the condensate water to produce low-temperature steam, and then the steam is introduced into the steam storage tank for storage, the steam storage tank is a pressure vessel, which is provided with a steam inlet and an outlet, the steam inlet is connected with the steam outlet of the high-temperature heat pump, and at the same time, due to the capture of heat in the hot air, the temperature of the air is lowered, which is more conducive to the adsorption of the carbon dioxide adsorption device.

[0024] The carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit is used to separate and capture carbon dioxide in the air, and the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit comprises a cold air inlet, a steam inlet, a carbon-free air outlet and a wet carbon dioxide outlet, the cold air inlet is connected with the cold air outlet of the high-temperature heat pump, the steam inlet is connected with the steam outlet of the steam storage tank, the carbon-free air outlet is directly connected with the outside, and the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit is a carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device, which uses steam to complete the desorption process. The carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit comprises a plurality of adsorption chambers and / or desorption chambers, in this embodiment, three adsorption chambers and / or desorption chambers are included, the adsorption chamber and / or desorption chamber is the same gas cavity, which is loaded with an adsorbent capable of cyclic adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide, the three gas cavities alternately perform adsorption and desorption to realize continuous operation, and the wet carbon dioxide containing part of the steam after desorption is sent to the gas-liquid separation unit for separation and purification. The adsorption time of the adsorption chamber is greater than the desorption time of the desorption chamber.

[0025] The gas-liquid separation unit is a gas-liquid separator, which is used to separate the carbon dioxide and water vapor generated from the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit, and ensure that the pure carbon dioxide enters the next step of liquefaction storage. This unit uses circulating water and other cold sources for cooling, completes the separation and recovery of steam, and the recovered condensate water is sent to the waste heat recovery unit again to be regenerated into low-temperature steam.

[0026] The carbon dioxide liquefaction storage unit is used for compressing and liquefying the captured carbon dioxide and storing it, and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage unit comprises a compressor, a liquefier and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank connected in sequence, and the carbon dioxide is compressed, liquefied and stored in sequence, and the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank is selected as a pressure container, and the design pressure is greater than 2 MPa, so that the safe storage is ensured.

[0027] The data center includes an Internet data center, an artificial intelligence data center, a government management data center, a city data center, an unmanned driving data center, and all data centers with large servers and cooling systems in industries, Internet of Things, companies, airports, subway stations, high-speed rail stations, industrial parks and other places.

[0028] System working principle: The hot air discharged by the fan of the data center is partially recovered by the waste heat recovery unit, and is converted into steam by the high-temperature heat pump. At the same time, the cooled air enters the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit to capture and desorb the carbon dioxide in the air, and then is separated and purified by the gas-liquid separation unit. The purified carbon dioxide is compressed and liquefied and finally stored, while the steam condensate separated from the carbon dioxide continues to enter the waste heat recovery unit for recycling, forming a complete recycling system.

[0029] The system combines the waste heat recovery of the data center with the DAC technology, not only solving the two major energy consumption problems of the DAC system, but also effectively recovering the waste heat of the data center, realizing the recycling of energy and the reduction of carbon dioxide. The system can be widely applied to various data centers, and has great significance for the construction of green data centers and the implementation of "double carbon".

[0030] Embodiment one: The embodiment relates to a DAC and data center waste heat air recovery integrated system for capturing carbon dioxide in air, which is described below with a system for capturing 1000t of carbon dioxide per year.

[0031] Components: waste heat recovery unit: a 40kW high-temperature heat pump and a 200L steam storage tank are selected, which are used for recovering the heat energy in the hot air of the data center and cooling the air, facilitating the capture and absorption of the adsorbent. The high-temperature heat pump heats the condensate water to low-pressure steam and inputs it into the steam storage tank for storage, which is used for heating other components in the system.

[0032] Carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit: five carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption devices with a capacity of 8 cubic meters are adopted, and 18m 3Anion resin as adsorbent. These devices achieve adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide through adsorption of the adsorbent and desorption of low pressure steam. The adsorbent is used to capture carbon dioxide and release carbon dioxide during desorption, achieving cyclic capture of carbon dioxide.

[0033] Gas-liquid separation unit: select 2 square meters of gas-liquid separator 1 set, used for separating carbon dioxide and water mixture, using circulating cooling water cooling.

[0034] Carbon dioxide liquefaction storage unit: select power 37KW compressor 1 set, 25kW refrigeration capacity liquefier 1 set and 20m 3 Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 1 set, used for storing and liquefying captured carbon dioxide.

[0035] Implementation process: the hot air discharged by the data center first passes through the waste heat recovery unit, and the heat in the air is recovered and reduced from 35℃ to 26℃. At the same time, the high temperature heat pump of the waste heat recovery unit uses the recovered heat to heat the condensed water to low temperature steam, which is sent to the steam storage tank for use.

[0036] The cooled air enters the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit, and the anion resin therein captures carbon dioxide in the air, with a capture rate of 20%.

[0037] After the end of the adsorption process, the adsorbent is heated by 100℃ low pressure steam to release the captured carbon dioxide. The separated wet carbon dioxide enters the gas-liquid separation unit for further treatment. The air not adsorbed is directly discharged to the outside.

[0038] After separation and purification of wet carbon dioxide by gas-liquid separator, it enters the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage unit.

[0039] In the carbon dioxide compression storage unit, the carbon dioxide is first pressurized and then cooled, and then the liquefied carbon dioxide is introduced into the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank for storage.

[0040] Through this system, the waste heat of the data center is effectively utilized, and at the same time, carbon dioxide capture and storage are achieved, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and carbon emission reduction.

[0041] The hot air discharged by the data center fan is recovered by the waste heat recovery unit, and becomes cold air which is discharged. The cold air is absorbed by the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit, and a part of the carbon dioxide in the cold air is fixed on the adsorbent. The remaining carbon-free air is discharged to the outside. Meanwhile, the waste heat recovery unit uses the recovered heat to heat the condensed water delivered by the gas-liquid separation unit to low-temperature steam, which is used to purge the carbon dioxide desorption device in the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit, complete the desorption of the carbon dioxide fixed in the carbon dioxide adsorption unit, and separate and purify the wet carbon dioxide after desorption in the gas-liquid separation unit. The dry carbon dioxide after purification is compressed and liquefied in the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage unit, and the condensed steam condensate is heated to steam in the waste heat recovery unit. Industrial applicability

[0042] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement it, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated system for DAC and data center waste heat air recovery, characterized in that, It includes a waste heat recovery and utilization unit, a carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit, a gas-liquid separation unit, and a carbon dioxide liquefaction and storage unit. The waste heat recovery and utilization unit is used to recover heat from the hot air emitted by the data center and use it to produce steam. The carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit is used to separate and capture carbon dioxide. The gas-liquid separation unit is used to separate water vapor and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide liquefaction and storage unit is used to compress and store carbon dioxide.

2. The integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery and utilization unit includes a high-temperature heat pump and a steam storage tank connected in sequence.

3. The integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-temperature heat pump is equipped with a hot air inlet, a cold air outlet, a condensate inlet, and a steam outlet.

4. The integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steam storage tank is a pressure vessel with a steam inlet and an outlet. The steam inlet is connected to the steam outlet of the high-temperature heat pump.

5. The integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit includes a cold air inlet, a steam inlet, a carbon-removed air outlet, and a wet carbon dioxide outlet. The cold air inlet is connected to the cold air outlet of the high-temperature heat pump, the steam inlet is connected to the outlet of the steam storage tank, and the carbon-removed air outlet is directly connected to the outside.

6. The integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit utilizes steam to complete desorption. The carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption unit also includes three adsorption chambers and / or desorption chambers, which are the same gas chamber. The three gas chambers alternately perform adsorption and desorption to achieve continuous operation.

7. The integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adsorption time in the adsorption chamber is longer than the desorption time in the desorption chamber.

8. The integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide liquefaction storage unit includes a compressor, a liquefier, and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank connected in sequence.

9. The integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The liquid carbon dioxide storage tank is a pressure vessel with a pressure greater than 2 MPa.

10. An integrated DAC and data center waste heat air recovery system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The data centers include internet data centers, artificial intelligence data centers, government management data centers, urban data centers, autonomous driving data centers, and all data centers in industries, the Internet of Things, companies, airports, subway stations, high-speed rail stations, industrial parks, and other locations with large servers and cooling systems.

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