Vascular stapler

Abstract

The present invention provides a vascular stapler. The vascular stapler comprises a handle, a body, and an end effector. The end effector comprises: a staple abutting base connected to the body; a staple cartridge assembly rotatably connected to the staple abutting base; and a staple pushing sheet and a rod member capable of sliding in an axial direction of the body. The rod member is rotatably and slidably connected to the staple cartridge assembly, so as to facilitate the control of the opening and closing of the staple cartridge assembly. The staple abutting base and the staple cartridge assembly are designed in an arc shape, so as to facilitate the end effector to enter a narrow space for operation. The staple pushing sheet is designed in an arc shape, and the staple pushing block in the traditional stapler is eliminated, so as to simplify the structure and make the structure more suitable for the suturing of the arc-shaped staple cartridge assembly. In addition, in order to cooperate with the staple pushing sheet and provide a better driving force, a cable structure is further included. By means of the cooperation of the above-mentioned components, the vascular stapler is more convenient to use, and the size can be greatly reduced compared with traditional staplers.

Description

A vascular suture device Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, specifically to a vascular suture device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main medical devices used for suturing blood vessels on the market are vascular clamps and cutting anastomosing devices. Vascular clamps cannot penetrate blood vessels, posing a risk of lateral slippage, and their relatively short length makes them unable to clamp some partially dissected or thick blood vessels. Cutting anastomosing devices perform suturing and cutting simultaneously, but cutting at the same time before confirming the suturing is complete carries a risk of bleeding, and their large head makes them difficult to operate in confined spaces. Because of their complex structure, these types of staplers are practically unsuitable for vascular suturing simply by reducing their size. Furthermore, most of these staplers are linear in design, making them unsuitable for use in narrow spaces. For example, Patent Document 1 (CN202950705U) discloses an arc-shaped cutting stapler that uses an arc-shaped staple cartridge during suturing, employing a semi-circular pusher plate to drive the staples, thus preventing its use in narrow spaces. Similarly, Patent Document 2 (CN104490436A) discloses a cutting stapler that uses a left-curved staple cartridge and a pusher plate for propulsion. While this stapler can enter narrow spaces, the arc-shaped pusher plate causes jamming during sliding, making operation inconvenient. Finally, Patent Document 3 (CN204723115U) discloses a vascular stapler that only has suturing functionality. It sets the staple cartridge to be inclined relative to the stent, but this cartridge is a straight structure without any curvature. In summary, the existing technology does not provide a vascular suture device that has an upwardly curved staple cartridge and is designed with a staple pusher plate with the same upwardly curved curvature for use with the staple cartridge to drive suturing, and that can be operated in a confined space. Technical issues

[0003] There is no existing vascular suture device that can be operated in a confined space, which has an upwardly curved staple cartridge and is designed with a staple pusher plate with the same upwardly curved curvature for use with the staple cartridge to drive the suture. Technical solutions

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel vascular suture device that only sutures and does not cut, and can be cut after confirming that the suture is complete, thus avoiding the risk of bleeding; at the same time, the vascular suture device has a simple structure, can be greatly reduced in size, is easy to operate in narrow spaces, and is very convenient to use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A vascular suture device includes a handle, an end effector, and a main body connected between the two. The end effector includes an anvil connected to the main body, a staple cartridge assembly rotatably connected to the anvil and openable / closable, and a pusher plate and a rod disposed within the main body and movable along the axial direction of the main body. The pusher plate and the rod are respectively connected to the handle. By operating the handle, the pusher plate and the rod can move independently. The staple cartridge assembly is rotatably and slidably connected to the rod and can be opened or closed by the rod. The staple cartridge assembly includes a housing, a staple cartridge detachably disposed within the housing, and suture staples and pusher pellets movably disposed within the staple cartridge. A guide groove extending along the length direction is formed in the middle region of the housing and the staple cartridge. When the pusher plate moves toward the distal end of the end effector, the pusher plate inserts into the guide groove and pushes the pusher pellets, carrying the suture staples, toward a direction closer to the anvil. The anvil, the staple cartridge assembly, and the pusher plate are all curved upwards in an arc shape with the same curvature.

[0007] Preferably, the pusher clip includes a pusher clip body and a pusher clip distal end and a pusher clip proximal end, integrally formed with the pusher clip body and located at the distal and proximal ends of the pusher clip body, respectively. The curvature of the lower end face of the pusher clip body is the same as that of the staple cartridge assembly and smaller than that of the lower end face of the pusher clip distal end. The pusher clip proximal end is connected to the handle and extends in the same direction as the body. The pusher clip body and the lower end face of the pusher clip distal end are the pusher clip surfaces.

[0008] Preferably, the proximal and distal ends of the contact surface between the pusher and the suture staple are bent in the opposite direction to the bending direction of the staple cartridge assembly, and the middle portion of the contact surface is flat.

[0009] More preferably, the length of the middle portion of the contact surface accounts for 25-45% of the total length of the push pin.

[0010] In some embodiments, the proximal and distal ends of the abutment surface are inclined surfaces, and the abutment surface is symmetrically arranged along its width direction.

[0011] Preferably, the push pin has two sets of staggered arrangement on both sides of the guide groove, and the suture pin and the push pin are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0012] Preferably, the anvil has upwardly extending limiting protrusions on both sides of its proximal end, and the staple cartridge assembly has limiting grooves that are adapted to the limiting protrusions. When the staple cartridge assembly is switched from an open state to a closed state, the limiting protrusions are engaged in the limiting grooves and prevent the staple cartridge assembly from continuing to rotate downwards to maintain the closed state. When the staple cartridge assembly is switched from a closed state to an open state, the proximal end face of the limiting protrusions abuts against the staple cartridge assembly and prevents the staple cartridge assembly from continuing to rotate upwards to maintain the open state at a certain angle.

[0013] Preferably, the outer casing is rotatably connected to the anvil and the rotation center line is located above the rotation center line of the outer casing and the rod.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end faces on both sides of the outer shell are respectively provided with an upwardly recessed first recessed area, and the inner sidewalls are respectively provided with an outwardly recessed second recessed area;

[0015] The staple cartridge has a first protrusion that mates with the first recessed area and a second protrusion that mates with the second recessed area on both sides. The first protrusion and the second protrusion are detachably engaged in the first recessed area and the second recessed area, respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the width of the distal end of the anvil and the staple cartridge assembly gradually decreases from near to far.

[0017] Preferably, the staple cartridge includes a left staple wall, a right staple wall, and a staple base plate. A closed staple head is provided at the distal end of the staple cartridge. The left and right staple walls are respectively located at the left and right ends of the staple base plate, forming a staple pusher groove between the left and right staple walls for the staple pusher to slide through. Several left staple cavities are formed in the left staple wall, and several right staple cavities are formed in the right staple wall. Adjacent right staple cavities are separated by right partitions, and adjacent left staple cavities are separated by left partitions. Each left and right staple cavity contains a staple pusher. Each left partition has a left through hole, and each right partition has a right through hole. A cable is also provided in the staple cartridge. A cable fixing end is provided at the distal end of the left staple wall near the closed staple head, and a cable fixing end is provided at the proximal end away from the closed staple head. A cable turning channel one is provided, and a cable turning channel two is provided in the right nail wall near the end away from the closed nail head. A cable fixing end two is provided in the right nail wall near the end of the closed nail head. One end of the cable is fixedly set in the cable fixing end one and then repeatedly passes through the left nail cavity and the left through hole one, and finally passes through the cable turning channel one. The cable turning channel one allows the cable in the left nail wall to pass out and through the push nail groove. The cable turning channel two guides the cable that has passed through the push nail groove into the right nail wall, and then repeatedly passes through the right nail cavity and the right through hole one. The other end is fixedly set in the cable fixing end two. The cable is close to the upper end of the push nail piece. The push nail piece is provided with a hook rope groove in the first arc segment. The hook rope groove can hook the cable in the push nail groove when the push nail piece is extended.

[0018] Preferably, the left nail wall further includes a through channel 1 and a left through hole 2 in sequence between the cable fixing end 1 and the left through hole 2. The cable turning channel 1 includes a left through hole 3, a through channel 2, a through channel 3, and a through channel 4 arranged in sequence. A through channel 5 is also provided at the upper end of the through channel 4. The through channel 5 extends from the left nail wall to the push nail groove. The right nail wall further includes a through channel 6 and a right through hole 2 in sequence between the cable fixing end 2 and the right nail cavity. The cable turning channel 2 includes a right through hole 3, a through channel 7, a through channel 8, and a through channel 9 arranged in sequence. A through channel 10 is also provided at the upper end of the through channel 9. The through channel 10 extends from the right nail wall to the push nail groove.

[0019] Preferably, the cable includes a free end one, a first inclined segment, a second arc-shaped segment, a third inclined segment, a fourth arc-shaped segment, a fifth upward segment, a sixth horizontal segment, a seventh downward segment, an eighth arc-shaped segment, a ninth inclined segment, a tenth arc-shaped segment, an eleventh inclined segment, and a second free end. The first free end one is fixedly disposed at one of the fixed ends of the cable, and the second free end two is fixedly disposed at one of the fixed ends of the cable. The first inclined segment passes through a through-channel one and a left through-hole two, and the second arc-shaped segment repeatedly passes through the left receiving pin cavity and the left through-hole one in sequence, and the second arc-shaped segment is pressed down. At the top of the push pin, the third oblique segment passes through the left through hole and through channel two in sequence, the fourth arc segment passes through through channel three, the fifth upward segment passes through through channel four, the sixth horizontal segment passes through through channel five, the push pin groove and through channel ten respectively, the seventh downward segment passes through through channel nine, the eighth arc segment passes through through channel eight, the ninth oblique segment passes through through channel seven and right through hole three, the tenth arc segment passes through the right receiving cavity and right through hole one in sequence, the eleventh oblique segment passes through the right through hole two and through channel six, and the free end two of the cable is fixed to the fixed end two of the cable.

[0020] Preferably, a cable through hole is provided at the top of the pusher pin, and the cable passes through the cable through hole.

[0021] Preferably, the cable breaks at the sixth horizontal segment, and the two ends of the break are connected by a cable connecting tube, the length of which is greater than or equal to the thickness of the push pin. The diameter of the cable connecting tube is less than or equal to the width of the guide groove. Beneficial effects

[0022] Due to the application of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The vascular suture device of the present invention includes a handle, a main body and an end actuator, wherein the end actuator includes an anvil, a staple cartridge assembly, a pusher plate and a rod, the rod being rotatably and slidably connected to the staple cartridge assembly, which facilitates the control of the opening and closing of the staple cartridge assembly; the anvil and the staple cartridge assembly are arc-shaped, which facilitates the end actuator to enter narrow spaces for operation; the pusher plate is arc-shaped and eliminates the anvil block in the traditional stapler, which is simple in structure and more suitable for suturing arc-shaped staple cartridge assemblies. With the cooperation of the above components, the vascular suture device is more convenient to use and its size can be greatly reduced compared with the traditional stapler;

[0023] 2. The vascular suture device of the present invention includes a cable, which is disposed in the staple cartridge and a portion of the cable is exposed in the staple pusher groove through which the staple pusher passes. The staple pusher is also provided with a hook groove structure that can hook the cable. When the staple pusher slides to drive the staple pusher, the cable enters the hook groove, so that the staple pusher and the cable are combined. The tightened cable can provide the staple pusher with a tension close to the staple cartridge, avoiding the defect that the arc-shaped staple pusher cannot provide sufficient driving force for the staple pusher when performing the staple pushing action.

[0024] 3. The cable of the present invention is a closed winding structure that passes through the left and right nail chambers in the left and right nail walls. The cable contacts the upper end of the pusher nail. When the pusher nail plate hooks the sixth horizontal segment of the cable and slides to the distal end, the cable that contacts the pusher nail slides to the proximal end. Thus, the first arc-shaped segment of the pusher nail contacts the proximal region of the contact surface of the pusher nail, causing the pusher nail to have a counterclockwise rotation tendency. The cable provides the pusher nail with a force opposite to this counterclockwise rotation, which ultimately reduces or even eliminates the rotation tendency of the pusher nail, allowing the pusher nail to slide more smoothly. This overcomes the defects of the suture needle getting stuck or insufficient firing force when the pusher nail plate pushes the suture needle in the arc-shaped nail chamber.

[0025] 4. The cable of the present invention specifically includes a free end one, a first oblique segment, a second arc segment, a third oblique segment, a fourth arc segment, a fifth upward segment, a sixth horizontal segment, a seventh downward segment, an eighth arc segment, a ninth oblique segment, a tenth arc segment, an eleventh oblique segment, and a free end two. The free end one is fixedly disposed at one of the fixed ends of the cable, and the free end two is fixedly disposed at the second fixed end of the cable. The free end one and / or the free end two include a drum, which is engaged with a rotating shaft. The cable length and tension can be adjusted by controlling the rotation of the rotating shaft. It can adjust the cable in real time according to the operation status of the sewing machine, so as to improve the sewing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the vascular suture device of Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 is a top view of the vascular suture device of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 1;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the end effector in the open state in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the end effector in Example 1 with the end effector in the open state and without the staple cartridge installed;

[0031] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the end effector and the main body in Embodiment 1, wherein the end effector is in a closed state;

[0032] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the end effector and the main body in Embodiment 1, wherein the end effector is in the open state;

[0033] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the end effector of Embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 9 is a front view of the pusher nail plate in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 10 is a bottom view of the push nail plate of Example 1;

[0036] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the anvil seat in Embodiment 1;

[0037] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the outer shell of Embodiment 1;

[0038] Figure 13 is a bottom view of the outer casing of Embodiment 1;

[0039] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the staple cartridge in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the staple cartridge structure in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the staple cartridge cover structure of Example 1;

[0042] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the staple cartridge after the staple cartridge cover plate is removed in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 18 is a top view and a cross-sectional view of the staple cartridge after the staple cartridge cover plate is removed in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the staple cartridge in Example 1 after removing the staple cartridge cover, cut from the middle section;

[0045] Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 19;

[0046] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the push pin structure in Example 1;

[0047] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the staple cartridge structure in Example 2;

[0048] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the staple cartridge in Example 2, cut through the cross-section from the left partition post;

[0049] Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 23;

[0050] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the staple cartridge in Example 2, cut through the cross-section from the right partition post;

[0051] Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 25;

[0052] Figure 27 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the staple cartridge structure in Example 2;

[0053] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the cable structure;

[0054] Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of the pusher nail plate in Example 2;

[0055] Figure 30 is an enlarged view A of Figure 29;

[0056] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the push pin structure in Example 2;

[0057] Figure 32 is a schematic diagram of the cable structure in Example 3. The best embodiment of the present invention

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that "distal end" refers to the end of the instrument or component away from the operator, and "proximal end" refers to the end of the instrument or component closer to the operator; "axial direction" refers to the direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of the distal and proximal ends of the instrument or component; "inner" and "outer" are positions defined by distance relative to the center of the instrument or component, where "inner" is the position closer to the center of the instrument or component, and "outer" is the position away from the center of the instrument or component; "upper" and "lower" refer to the orientation of the instrument in its actual use or working state. The above description of directional terms is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of this invention. P1 intermediate section refers to the section that passes vertically through the central axis of the staple cartridge; P2 left diaphragm through section refers to the section that passes vertically through the center of the left through hole-1148 of the staple cartridge; P3 right diaphragm through section refers to the section that passes vertically through the center of the right through hole-1147 of the staple cartridge.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] As shown in Figures 1-2, a vascular suture device includes a handle 3, an end effector 1, and a main body 2 connected between the two. The handle 3 can employ a structure commonly used in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The main body 2 is a hollow tube that is rotatably mounted on the handle 3 about its axis.

[0061] As shown in Figures 3 to 8, the end effector 1 includes an anvil 12 connected to the main body 2, a staple cartridge assembly 11 rotatably connected to the anvil 12 about a first rotation center line x and capable of being opened and closed, and a pusher piece 13 and a rod 14 slidably disposed within the main body 2 along the axial direction of the main body 2. The staple cartridge assembly 11 includes a housing 111, a staple cartridge 112 disposed within the housing 111, and a suture staple 114 and a pusher piece 113 movably disposed within the staple cartridge 112. A guide groove 115 extending along the length direction is formed in the middle region of the housing 111 and the staple cartridge 112. The staple cartridge assembly 11 is rotatably and slidably connected to the distal end of the rod 14. The pusher plate 13 and the rod 14 are connected to the handle 3 and can move independently under the control of the handle 3. When the rod 14 moves along the axial direction of the main body 2 towards the proximal end, it can drive the staple cartridge assembly 11 to rotate around the first rotation center line x, so that the staple cartridge assembly 11 approaches the anvil seat 12 to clamp the tissue to be sutured in the middle; when the rod 14 moves along the axial direction of the main body 2 towards the distal end, it can drive the staple cartridge assembly 11 to rotate around the first rotation center line x, so that the staple cartridge assembly 11 moves away from the anvil seat 12; when the pusher plate 13 moves along the axial direction of the housing towards the distal end of the end actuator 1, the pusher plate 13 inserts into the guide groove 115 and pushes the pusher 113, carrying the suture staple 114, towards the direction of approaching the anvil seat 12, thereby performing suturing. The end actuator 1 of the present invention only sutures and does not cut, so cutting can be performed after confirming that the suture is complete, avoiding the risk of bleeding.

[0062] The pin holder 12, the pin cartridge assembly 11, and the pin pusher 13 are all curved upwards in an arc shape, and the curvature of the three is approximately the same. The arc design makes it easier to operate in narrow spaces, and the transition is smoother compared to a straight, bent design. The present invention does not impose specific limitations on the curvature; it can be designed according to actual needs.

[0063] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the pusher 13 includes a pusher body 131 and a pusher distal end 132 and a pusher proximal end 133 located at the distal and proximal ends of the pusher body 131, respectively. The pusher body 131, the pusher distal end 132, and the pusher proximal end 133 are integrally formed. The lower end face 1311 of the pusher body 131 forms a first arc segment 135, the curvature of which is the same as that of the nail cartridge assembly 11, so that each pusher 113 is subjected to uniform force. The lower end face 1321 of the pusher distal end forms a third arc segment 136, the curvature of which is greater than that of the first arc segment 135. The lower end of the pusher proximal end 133 forms a first straight segment 134, the left end of which smoothly transitions to the right end of the first arc segment 135. The pusher proximal end 133 is connected to the handle 3 and extends in the same direction as the body 2.

[0064] The upper end of the proximal end 133 forms a fourth straight segment 137, the upper end of the main body 131 forms a fifth arc segment 138, and the upper end of the distal end 132 forms a sixth arc segment 139. The curvature of the fifth arc segment 138 is the same as that of the first arc segment 135, and the curvature of the sixth arc segment 139 is opposite to that of the fifth arc segment 138.

[0065] The first arc segment 135, the third arc segment 136 and the fifth arc segment 138 are all arcs that gradually move away from the axis of the first straight segment 134 from the proximal end to the distal end; the sixth arc segment 139 is an arc that gradually moves closer to the axis of the first straight segment 134 from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0066] A diagonal section 140 is also provided on the left side of the third arc segment 136, and a chamfer is provided on the left side of the diagonal section 140 and the sixth arc segment 139. In this embodiment, the push pin piece 13 is a sheet-like structure.

[0067] Furthermore, the curvature of the pin seat 12 and the pin cartridge assembly 11 is the same as the curvature of the first arc segment 135.

[0068] The pusher pins 113 have two sets staggered on both sides of the guide groove 115. Taking one pusher pin 113 as an example, as shown in Figure 21, the proximal and distal ends of its contact surface opposite to the staple 114 (i.e., the distal region 1134 and the proximal region 1132 of the contact surface) are bent in the opposite direction to the bending direction of the staple cartridge assembly 11. Preferably, the proximal region 1132 of the contact surface is an inclined plane. The design of the inclined plane makes it easier for the pusher pin 113 to push the pusher pin 113 when the pusher pin 13 moves. The middle region 1131 of the contact surface is a plane. The inventors found that if the length of the middle region 1131 of the contact surface is too long, the length of the proximal region 1132 of the contact surface will be correspondingly shortened. When the pusher pin 13 acts on the proximal region 1132 of the contact surface, the pusher pin 113 will get stuck in the groove of the staple cartridge 112 and cannot be pushed up, that is, the staple 114 cannot be pushed out. If the length is too short, it is easy to wear, which will affect the staple height. Preferably, the length of the middle region 1131 of the abutment surface accounts for 25-45% of the total length of the push pin 113. Furthermore, the abutment surface is symmetrically arranged along its width direction.

[0069] To facilitate the simultaneous movement of the two sets of pusher bits 113 located on both sides of the guide groove 115 by the pusher bit 13, the pusher bit 113 includes a base 1143 and a top block 1142. The thickness of the top block 1142 is greater than that of the base 1143. A left guide block 1144 and a right guide block 1145 are respectively provided on both sides of the pusher bit 113.

[0070] The surface of the pusher pin 113 that contacts the suture pin 114 is recessed inward to form a pin-stop groove 1133. The suture pin 114 is located in the pin-stop groove 1133, and the suture pin 114 and the pusher pin 113 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0071] As shown in Figures 11 to 13, the anvil 12 includes an anvil body and a connecting portion 122 connected to the proximal end of the anvil body. The proximal end of the anvil body has upwardly extending limiting protrusions 121 on both sides. The outer shell 111 has limiting grooves 1111 that are adapted to the limiting protrusions 121. When the staple cartridge assembly 11 switches from an open state to a closed state, the limiting protrusions 121 are engaged in the limiting grooves 1111 and prevent the staple cartridge assembly 11 from rotating downwards to maintain the closed state. When the staple cartridge assembly 11 switches from a closed state to an open state, the proximal surface of the limiting protrusions 121 abuts against the outer shell 111 and prevents the staple cartridge assembly 11 from rotating upwards to maintain an open state at a certain angle. The connecting portion 122 has a limiting groove 123 extending through its length, and the pusher plate 13 and the rod 14 are slidably disposed within the limiting groove 123. The connecting part 122 has a hole 124 above it. The inner wall of the outer casing 111 is provided with a rotating shaft 1114 that mates with the hole 124. The rotating shaft 1114 is rotatably disposed in the hole 124 about a first rotation center line x. The outer casing 111 is rotatably and slidably connected to the rod 14 and the rotation center line is located below the first rotation center line x.

[0072] In this invention, the outer shell 111 and the staple cartridge 112 are detachably connected. Specifically, the lower end faces on both sides of the outer shell 111 are respectively provided with an upwardly recessed first recessed region 1112, and the inner sidewalls are respectively provided with an outwardly recessed second recessed region 1113; the staple cartridge 112 has a first protrusion 1121 that cooperates with the first recessed region 1112 and a second protrusion 1122 that cooperates with the second recessed region 1113 on both sides, and the first protrusion 1121 and the second protrusion 1122 are respectively detachably engaged in the first recessed region 1112 and the second recessed region 1113.

[0073] As shown in Figures 14-20, the staple cartridge 112 includes a staple cartridge cover 1123 detachably mounted on the upper end of the staple cartridge 112. The staple cartridge 112 includes a left staple wall 1124, a right staple wall 1125, and a staple base plate 1126. A closed staple head 1136 is provided at the far end of the staple cartridge 112. The left staple wall 1124 and the right staple wall 1125 are respectively located at the left and right ends of the staple base plate 1126. A staple pusher groove 1127 is formed between the left staple wall 1124 and the right staple wall 1125, through which the staple pusher 13 slides. A staple pusher is provided in the left staple wall 1124. A plurality of left nail-containing cavities 1129 are provided, and a plurality of right nail-containing cavities 1128 are provided in the right nail wall 1125. Adjacent right nail-containing cavities 1128 are separated by a right partition 1130, and adjacent left nail-containing cavities 1129 are separated by a left partition 1135. Each left nail-containing cavity 1129 and right nail-containing cavity 1128 contains a pusher nail 113. The left nail-containing cavities 1129 and right nail-containing cavities 1128 are arranged alternately. A plurality of nail exit holes 1146 are provided on the nail base plate 1126, through which the suture nail 114 located below the pusher nail 113 can pass.

[0074] The staple cartridge cover 1123 includes a cover head end 11231 and a left support leg 11232 and a right support leg 11233 respectively fixed to one end of the cover head end 11231. A sliding groove for the staple pusher 13 to pass through is formed between the left support leg 11232 and the right support leg 11233. A third locking post 11236 is provided on the side of the left support leg 11232 that contacts the staple cartridge 112, and a third locking post 11236 is provided on the side of the right support leg 11233 that contacts the staple cartridge 112. There are a first locking pin 11234 and a second locking pin 11235. A first locking hole 1137 and a second locking hole 1138 are respectively provided at the upper end of the left nail wall 1124, and a third locking hole 1139 is provided at the upper end of the right nail wall 1125. The first locking pin 11234, the second locking pin 11235 and the third locking pin 11236 are respectively inserted into the first locking hole 1137, the second locking hole 1138 and the third locking hole 1139 to fix the nail cartridge cover plate 1123.

[0075] As shown in Figure 18, the top block 1142 of the pusher nail 113 extends from the left nail wall 1124 or the right nail wall 1125 into the pusher nail groove 1127, and the bottom foot 1143 of the pusher nail 113 is located within the left nail wall 1124 or the right nail wall 1125. This allows for the convenient driving of two sets of pusher nails 113 with a single pusher nail plate 13. A left guide block 1144 and a right guide block 1145 are also provided on both sides of the pusher nail 113. A left retaining groove 1140 and a right retaining groove 1141 are respectively provided on both sides of the left nail receiving cavity 1129 and the right nail receiving cavity 1128. The left guide block 1144 and the right guide block 1145 are respectively engaged in the left retaining groove 1140 or the right retaining groove 1141.

[0076] To facilitate access to narrow areas, the width of the distal ends of the pin seat 12 and the pin cartridge 112 gradually decreases from near to far.

[0077] The working principle of the suture device in Example 1 is explained below:

[0078] Initially, the staple cartridge assembly 11 is in the open state. By operating the handle 3, the rod 14 moves along the axis of the main body 2 towards the proximal end. The rod 14 drives the staple cartridge assembly 11 to rotate downward around the first rotation axis to the closed state, clamping the blood vessel.

[0079] Operating the handle 3 causes the pusher plate 13 to move along the axis of the main body 2 toward the distal end of the end actuator 1. Under the action of the pusher plate 13, the pusher pin 113 moves toward the direction close to the anvil seat 12 and pushes out the suture pin 114. After the head of the suture pin 114 penetrates the blood vessel, it enters the anvil seat 12 and is bent into a B shape by force, thereby suturing the blood vessel.

[0080] Operate handle 3 to move rod 14 in the opposite direction, causing staple cartridge assembly 11 to rotate around the first rotation center line x to the open state, thus removing the suture device.

[0081] Replace the staple cartridge 112 and repeat the above steps.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] As shown in Figure 8, when the pusher plate 13 slides from left to right, due to the upward curvature of the staple cartridge, the arrangement of the pusher bits 113 within the staple cartridge also exhibits a certain curvature. During the horizontal sliding process from right to left, the first arc segment 135 of the pusher plate 13 contacts the proximal region 1132 of the contact surface of the pusher bit 113 and the staple block 1142, thereby driving the pusher bit to slide downward. This driving method first causes the pusher bit 113 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the staple cartridge, which in turn makes the sliding of the pusher bit 113 within the left staple cavity 1129 or the right staple cavity 1128 unsmooth, affecting the suturing. The stitching of staple 114; another issue is that as the pusher 13 slides to the left, since the pusher 13 is only subject to a limiting force at its right end, it is completely suspended at its left end. The upward-curving staple cartridge design causes the upward reaction force on the pusher 13 to increase as it slides to the left. Ultimately, this results in a smaller pushing force on the pusher 13 near the closed staple head 1136, which may lead to the staple 114 at the end failing to fire or having a poor firing effect. Therefore, Embodiment 2 specifically addresses the above situation by improving the pusher 13 and the staple cartridge 112. Specifically, Embodiment 2 is as follows:

[0084] As shown in Figures 22-31, each of the left partition columns 1135 has a left through hole 1148, and each of the right partition columns 1130 has a right through hole 1147. In the left nail wall 1124, near the distal end of the closed nail head 1136, a cable fixing end 1151, a through channel 1152, and a left through hole 2 1150 are sequentially arranged. Near the proximal end away from the closed nail head 1136, a left through hole 3 1153, a through channel 2 1154, a through channel 3 1155, and a through channel 4 1156 are sequentially arranged. A through channel 5 1157 is also provided at the upper end of through channel 4 1156. Passage 5 1157 extends from inside the left nail wall 1124 to the push-pin groove 1127; inside the right nail wall 1125, near the distal end close to the closed nail head 1136, cable fixing end 2 1158, through passage 6 1160, and right through hole 2 1149 are sequentially arranged; near the proximal end away from the closed nail head 1136, right through hole 3 1159, through passage 7 1161, through passage 8 1162, and through passage 9 1163 are sequentially arranged; above through passage 9 1163, through passage 10 1164 is also provided, which extends from inside the right nail wall 1125 to the push-pin groove 1127. Passage 5 1157 and through passage 10 1164 are at the same height.

[0085] A cable 15 is also wound inside the nail cartridge 112. The cable 15 includes a free end 151, a first oblique section 153, a second arc-shaped section 154, a third oblique section 155, a fourth arc-shaped section 156, a fifth upward section 157, a sixth horizontal section 158, a seventh downward section 159, an eighth arc-shaped section 160, a ninth oblique section 161, a tenth arc-shaped section 162, an eleventh oblique section 163, and a second free end 152. The first free end 151 is fixedly disposed at the first fixed end 1151, and the second free end 152 is fixedly disposed at the second fixed end 1158. The first oblique section 153 passes through the first through-channel 1152 and the second left through-hole 1150 respectively. The second arc-shaped section 154 passes through the left nail receiving cavity 1129 and the first left through-hole 1148 in sequence, and the second arc-shaped section 154 presses against the push nail. At the top of particle 113, the third oblique segment 155 passes through the left through hole 1153 and through channel two 1154 in sequence; the fourth arc segment 156 passes through through channel three 1155; the fifth upward segment 157 passes through through channel four 1156; the sixth horizontal segment 158 ​​passes through through channel five 1157, push pin groove 1127 and through channel ten 1164 respectively; the seventh downward segment 159 passes through through channel nine 1163; the eighth arc segment 160 passes through through channel eight 1162; the ninth oblique segment 161 passes through through channel seven 1161 and right through hole three 1159; the tenth arc segment 162 passes through right accommodating pin cavity 1128 and right through hole one 1147 in sequence; the eleventh oblique segment 163 passes through right through hole two 1149 and through channel six 1160; and the free end two 152 of the cable is fixed to the fixed end two 1158 of the cable.

[0086] As shown in Figures 29-30, the pusher piece 13 has a hook rope groove 141 at the first arc-shaped segment 135. The hook rope groove 141 includes a guide inclined groove 1412 and a retention hole 1411. The outer end of the guide inclined groove 1412 starts from the first arc-shaped segment 135, and the inner end communicates with the retention hole 1411. The edge of the guide inclined groove 1412 forms an angle α with the edge of the first arc-shaped segment 135. The size of the angle α is (0°, 90°), and the preferred angle is 30°. The diameter of the retention hole 1411 is larger than the width of the guide inclined groove 1412. This arrangement allows the cable 15 to pass through the guide inclined groove 1412 and stay in the retention hole 1411 when the pusher piece 13 extends and slides, and the cable 15 can slide out of the retention hole 1411 when it retracts and slides. The width of the guide groove 1411 is not less than the diameter of the cable 15, so that the cable 15 can enter the guide groove 1411.

[0087] Not shown, the heights of passages 1157 and 1164 are equal to or higher than the height of the lowest end of the guide groove 1412, so that when the pusher is extended, the cable 15 can smoothly enter the insertion hole 1411 along the guide groove 1412.

[0088] The cable fixing end 1151 and cable fixing end 2158 have the same structure, both including a receiving hole 165 and a rotating shaft 166 disposed within the receiving hole 165. The cable free end 151 and cable free end 2152 have the same structure, both including a drum 167 with a through hole 168 inside the drum 167, and a cable 15 wound on the drum 167. The drum 167 is disposed within the receiving hole 165, and the rotating shaft 166 is engaged within the through hole 168. The rotating shaft 166 is rotatably disposed within the left nail wall 1124 and / or the right nail wall 1125. The length of the cable 15 can be adjusted by a rotation drive mechanism, such as a motor or a torsion spring. When the torsion spring is rotated, one end of the torsion spring is connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the left or right nail wall.

[0089] Additionally, as shown in Figure 31, a cable through-hole 1143 is provided at the top block 1142 of the push pin 113, through which the cable 15 passes. The diameter of the cable through-hole 1143 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the cable 15.

[0090] The cable 15 is made of a biocompatible material with a certain degree of flexibility; for example, it can be made of polyester.

[0091] Furthermore, the uppermost position of the left through hole 2 1520, left through hole 1 1148, left through hole 3 1153, right through hole 1 1147, right through hole 2 1149 and right through hole 3 1159 is the height of the upper end of the pusher nail 113 when it is not fired; the lowermost position is the height of the upper end of the pusher nail 113 when it is fired by the pusher nail plate.

[0092] The working principle of the staple pusher of the suture device in Example 2 is explained below:

[0093] After the suture staples 114 and cable 15 are installed, the pusher plate 13 slides forward. When the pusher plate 13 passes through the sixth transverse section 158 of the cable 15 that passes through the passage five 1157 and the passage ten 1164, the cable 15 enters the insertion hole 1411 through the guide inclined groove 1412. As the pusher plate 13 continues to advance, it tightens the cable 15. The part of the cable 15 that does not protrude from the pusher groove 1127 slides in the opposite direction to the movement direction of the pusher plate 13, thereby driving the pusher bit 113 to rotate clockwise relative to the staple cartridge. This cancels the force exerted by the pusher plate 13 on the pusher bit 113 when it slides to the left, causing the pusher bit to rotate counterclockwise relative to the staple cartridge, thus enabling... The pusher 113 can slide smoothly within the left nail chamber 1129 or the right nail chamber 1128. In addition, as the pusher 13 extends, the cable 15 protruding from the pusher groove 1127 becomes longer, while the cables located in the left nail wall 1124 and the right nail wall 1125 become shorter, which can also provide a certain force for the pusher 113 to move downward. Finally, since the cable 15 remains in the insertion hole 1411, the cable is equivalent to constantly providing a pulling force to the pusher 13 near the nail cartridge 112. This overcomes the reaction force experienced by the pusher 13 when driving the pusher 113 in the arc-shaped nail cartridge, thus ensuring that the suture nails at both the distal and proximal ends can receive sufficient driving force.

[0094] When the tension on the cable 15 is too great, the rotating shaft 166 at the cable fixing end 1151 and / or the cable fixing end 1158 rotates to prevent the cable 15 from breaking or the push pin 13 from being obstructed when it is pushed out. Specifically, a predetermined tension value can be set. If the cable tension is greater than the predetermined value, the rotating shaft is controlled to rotate. If the tension is less than the predetermined value, the rotating shaft rotates in the opposite direction to retract the cable. If the rotational power driving the rotating shaft is a torsion spring, the rotating shaft will only rotate when the tension on the cable 15 is greater than that of the torsion spring. In addition, when the tension on the cable 15 is too small, the rotating shaft can also rotate in the opposite direction to retract the cable. The specific driving device can also be a motor, which will not be described in detail here.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] As shown in Figure 32, to facilitate the installation of the cable 15 and to prevent wear when the cable 15 enters or slips out of the push pin plate 13, the cable 15 is broken at the sixth horizontal segment 158. The two ends of the break are connected by a cable connecting tube 164. The length of the cable connecting tube 164 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the push pin plate 13. The diameter of the cable connecting tube 164 is less than or equal to the width of the guide inclined groove 1412.

Claims

1. A vascular suture device, comprising a handle, an end effector, and a body connected therebetween, characterized in that, The end effector includes an anvil connected to the main body, a staple cartridge assembly rotatably connected to the anvil and openable and closable, and a pusher plate and rod disposed within the main body and movable along the axial direction of the main body. The pusher plate and rod are respectively connected to the handle. By operating the handle, the pusher plate and rod can move independently. The staple cartridge assembly is rotatably and slidably connected to the rod and can be opened or closed under the action of the rod. The staple cartridge assembly includes a housing, a staple cartridge detachably disposed within the housing, and suture staples and pusher bits movably disposed within the staple cartridge. A guide groove extending along its length is formed in the middle area of ​​the housing and the staple cartridge. When the pusher plate moves toward the distal end of the end effector, the pusher plate inserts into the guide groove and pushes the pusher bits, carrying the suture staples, toward a direction closer to the anvil. The anvil, staple cartridge assembly, and pusher plate are curved upward in an arc shape, and the curvature of the three is approximately the same.

2. The vascular suture device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher clip includes a pusher clip body and a pusher clip distal end and a pusher clip proximal end, which are integrally formed with the pusher clip body and located at the distal and proximal ends of the pusher clip body, respectively. The lower end face of the pusher clip body forms a first arc segment, the curvature of which is the same as that of the nail cartridge assembly. The lower end face of the pusher clip distal end forms a third arc segment, the curvature of which is greater than that of the first arc segment. The pusher clip proximal end is connected to the handle and extends in the same direction as the pusher clip body.

3. The vascular suture device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proximal and distal ends of the contact surface between the pusher and the suture staple are bent in the opposite direction to the bending direction of the staple cartridge assembly, and the middle part of the contact surface is flat.

4. The vascular suture device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the middle portion of the contact surface accounts for 25-45% of the total length of the push pin.

5. The vascular suture device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The near and far ends of the abutting surface are inclined surfaces, and the abutting surface is symmetrically arranged along its width direction.

6. The vascular suture device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anvil has upwardly extending limiting protrusions on both sides of its proximal end. The staple cartridge assembly has limiting grooves that are adapted to the limiting protrusions. When the staple cartridge assembly is switched from an open state to a closed state, the limiting protrusions are engaged in the limiting grooves and prevent the staple cartridge assembly from continuing to rotate downwards to maintain the closed state. When the staple cartridge assembly is switched from a closed state to an open state, the proximal end face of the limiting protrusions abuts against the staple cartridge assembly and prevents the staple cartridge assembly from continuing to rotate upwards to maintain the open state at a certain angle.

7. The vascular suture device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the distal end of the anvil and the staple cartridge assembly gradually decreases from near to far.

8. The vascular suture device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The staple cartridge includes a left staple wall, a right staple wall, and a staple base plate. A closed staple head is located at the distal end of the staple cartridge. The left and right staple walls are located at the left and right ends of the staple base plate, respectively, forming a staple pusher groove between them for the staple pusher to slide through. Several left staple cavities are formed in the left staple wall, and several right staple cavities are formed in the right staple wall. Adjacent right staple cavities are separated by right partitions, and adjacent left staple cavities are separated by left partitions. Each left and right staple cavity contains a staple pusher. Each left partition has a left through hole, and each right partition has a right through hole. A cable is also installed in the staple cartridge. A cable fixing end is located at the distal end of the left staple wall near the closed staple head, and a cable fixing end is located at the proximal end away from the closed staple head. A cable turning channel one is provided, and a cable turning channel two is provided in the right nail wall near the end away from the closed nail head. A cable fixing end two is provided in the right nail wall near the end of the closed nail head. One end of the cable is fixedly set in the cable fixing end one and then repeatedly passes through the left nail cavity and the left through hole one, and finally passes through the cable turning channel one. The cable turning channel one allows the cable in the left nail wall to pass out and pass through the push nail groove. The cable turning channel two guides the cable that has passed through the push nail groove into the right nail wall, and then repeatedly passes through the right nail cavity and the right through hole one. The other end is fixedly set in the cable fixing end two. The cable is close to the upper end of the push nail piece. The push nail piece is provided with a hook rope groove in the first arc segment. The hook rope groove can hook the cable in the push nail groove when the push nail piece extends.

9. The vascular suture device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The left nail wall contains, between the cable fixing end one and the left through hole two, a through channel one and a left through hole two in sequence. The cable turning channel one includes, in sequence, a left through hole three, a through channel two, a through channel three, and a through channel four. A through channel five is also provided at the upper end of the through channel four. The through channel five extends from inside the left nail wall to the push nail groove. The right nail wall contains, between the cable fixing end two and the right nail cavity, a through channel six and a right through hole two in sequence. The cable turning channel two includes, in sequence, a right through hole three, a through channel seven, a through channel eight, and a through channel nine. A through channel ten is also provided at the upper end of the through channel nine. The through channel ten extends from inside the right nail wall to the push nail groove.

10. The vascular suture device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cable includes a free end one, a first oblique section, a second arc-shaped section, a third oblique section, a fourth arc-shaped section, a fifth upward section, a sixth horizontal section, a seventh downward section, an eighth arc-shaped section, a ninth oblique section, a tenth arc-shaped section, an eleventh oblique section, and a second free end. The first free end one is fixedly disposed at one of the fixed ends of the cable, and the second free end two is fixedly disposed at one of the fixed ends of the cable. The first oblique section passes through a through-channel one and a left through-hole two, and the second arc-shaped section repeatedly passes through the left receiving pin cavity and the left through-hole one, and the second arc-shaped section is pressed against the pusher. At the top of the spike, the third oblique segment passes through the left through hole and through channel two in sequence, the fourth arc segment passes through through channel three, the fifth upward segment passes through through channel four, the sixth horizontal segment passes through through channel five, the pusher slot and through channel ten respectively, the seventh downward segment passes through through channel nine, the eighth arc segment passes through through channel eight, the ninth oblique segment passes through through channel seven and right through hole three, the tenth arc segment passes through the right receiving cavity and right through hole one in sequence, and the eleventh oblique segment passes through the right through hole two and through channel six. The free end two of the cable is fixed to the fixed end two of the cable.

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