Optical lens and packaging structure therefor, camera module and electronic device

Abstract

An optical lens (100) and a packaging structure (200) therefor, a camera module (10) and an electronic device (1), which relate to the technical field of cameras, configured to reduce the size of the optical lens (100). The optical lens (100) comprises the following arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side: a lens (110) having a positive focal power, a first light-redirecting member (210) comprising a free-form surface, a second light-redirecting member (220) comprising a free-form surface, and a third light-redirecting member (230) comprising a free-form surface. The first light-redirecting member (210) is configured to reflect light rays from the lens (110) multiple times, and transmit the reflected light rays to the second light-redirecting member (220). The second light-redirecting member (220) is configured to transmit the light rays from the first light-redirecting member (210) to the third light-redirecting member (230). The third light-redirecting member (230) is configured to reflect the light rays from the second light-redirecting member (220) multiple times, and transmit the reflected light rays. The light rays emitted from the lens (110) sequentially pass through the free-form surface of the first light-redirecting member (210), the free-form surface of the second light-redirecting member (220), and the free-form surface of the third light-redirecting member (230), and are then transmitted.

Description

Optical lenses and their packaging structures, camera modules, and electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on July 10, 2024, with application number 202421636311.2 and entitled "Optical lens and its packaging structure, camera module and electronic device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of camera technology, and in particular to an optical lens and its packaging structure, a camera module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of electronic devices, people's demands for photography are also increasing. In order to meet people's photography experience, telephoto lenses are gradually being used in electronic devices.

[0004] However, the application of telephoto lenses is limited due to their large size and the size limitations of electronic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an optical lens and its packaging structure, a camera module, and an electronic device for reducing the size of the optical lens.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A first aspect of this application provides an optical lens, comprising a lens with positive optical power arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side, a first refracting element including a freeform surface, a second refracting element including a freeform surface, and a third refracting element including a freeform surface. The first refracting element is used to reflect light from the lens multiple times and transmit the reflected light to the second refracting element. The second refracting element is used to transmit light from the first refracting element to the third refracting element. The third refracting element is used to reflect light from the second refracting element multiple times and transmit the reflected light. Light emitted from the lens passes sequentially through the freeform surfaces of the first refracting element, the second refracting element, and the third refracting element before being transmitted.

[0008] The optical lens provided in this application embodiment has light rays exiting from the lens and entering a first refracting element. After multiple reflections within the first refracting element, the light rays enter a second refracting element, are transmitted through the second refracting element, and then transmitted to a third refracting element. After multiple reflections within the third refracting element, the light rays are output. The multiple reflections during transmission within the first and third refracting elements fold the light path, reducing the size of the optical lens and achieving miniaturization. The optical lens provided in this application embodiment includes multiple freeform surfaces. Light rays are transmitted through these freeform surfaces, increasing the degrees of freedom for aberration correction. This allows for greater light transmission while maintaining image quality, thereby increasing the imaging size of the optical lens.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first refracting element includes a first incident surface, a first exit surface, and a first reflecting surface; the first incident surface is disposed facing the lens, and the first exit surface is disposed facing the second refracting element; the first incident surface, the first exit surface, and the first reflecting surface all intersect; at least one of the first incident surface, the first exit surface, and the first reflecting surface is a freeform surface; the first incident surface is used to transmit light from the lens to the first reflecting surface; the first reflecting surface is used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the first incident surface back to the first incident surface; the first incident surface is also used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the first reflecting surface back to the first exit surface; and the first exit surface is used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the first incident surface to the second refracting element. In this way, light can be refracted multiple times within the first refracting element, thereby reducing the size of the optical lens.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the second refracting element includes a second incident surface and a second exit surface; the second incident surface is disposed facing the first refracting element, and the second exit surface is disposed facing the third refracting element; either the second incident surface or the second exit surface is a freeform surface; the second incident surface is used to transmit light from one refracting element to the second exit surface; the second exit surface is used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the second incident surface to the third refracting element. In this way, the light passing through the freeform surface can effectively balance the chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the third refractive member includes a third incident surface, a third exit surface, and a third reflection surface; the third incident surface faces the second refractive member; the third incident surface, the third exit surface, and the third reflection surface all intersect; at least one of the third incident surface, the third exit surface, and the third reflection surface is a free-form surface; the third incident surface is configured to transmit light rays from the second refractive member to the third exit surface; the third exit surface is configured to reflect at least part of the light rays from the third incident surface to the third reflection surface; the third reflection surface is configured to reflect at least part of the light rays from the third exit surface to the third exit surface; the third exit surface is further configured to transmit at least part of the light rays from the third reflection surface. In this way, the light rays can be refracted multiple times within the third refractive member, thereby reducing the size of the optical lens.

[0012] In a possible implementation, all surfaces of the first refractive member are free-form surfaces. In this way, the chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens can be further balanced.

[0013] In a possible implementation, all surfaces of the second refractive member are free-form surfaces. In this way, the chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens can be further balanced.

[0014] In a possible implementation, all surfaces of the third refractive member are free-form surfaces. In this way, the chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens can be further balanced.

[0015] In a possible implementation, at least one surface of the first refractive member is an off-axis non-rotationally symmetric free-form surface. In this way, the aberration can be corrected and the design freedom can be increased.

[0016] In a possible implementation, at least one surface of the second refractive member is an off-axis non-rotationally symmetric free-form surface. In this way, the aberration can be corrected and the design freedom can be increased.

[0017] In a possible implementation, at least one surface of the third refractive member is an off-axis non-rotationally symmetric free-form surface. In this way, the aberration can be corrected and the design freedom can be increased.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the refractive index n0 of the light rays in the lens, the refractive index n1 of the light rays in the first refractive member, the refractive index n2 of the light rays in the second refractive member, and the refractive index n3 of the light rays in the third refractive member satisfy: n1 < n2 < n0 < n3. In this way, the chromatic aberration and field curvature can be balanced, the aperture of the optical lens can be increased, and the size of the optical lens can be reduced.

[0019] In one possible implementation, both the object-side and image-side surfaces of the lens are aspherical. This allows for the balancing of aberrations, adjustment of the incident angle of light, increased design freedom for the optical lens, and improved image quality.

[0020] In one possible implementation, both the object-side and image-side surfaces of the lens are rotationally symmetric. This improves imaging quality and reduces aberrations.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the object-side surface of the lens is convex. This results in better imaging and improves image quality.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the first refracting element includes a first incident surface, a first exit surface, and a first reflecting surface; the first incident surface faces the lens, and the first exit surface faces the second refracting element; the second refracting element includes a second incident surface and a second exit surface; the second incident surface faces the first refracting element, and the second exit surface faces the third refracting element; the third refracting element includes a third incident surface, a third exit surface, and a third reflecting surface; the third incident surface faces the second refracting element; the first exit surface and the second incident surface are fitted together, and the second exit surface and the third incident surface are fitted together. This reduces assembly difficulty.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first refractive element includes a prism. This provides an implementation of an optical lens.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the second refracting element includes a prism. This provides an implementation of an optical lens.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the third refractive element includes a prism. This provides an implementation of an optical lens.

[0026] The optical lens provided in the second aspect of this application includes a lens with positive optical power, a first refracting element with a freeform surface, and a third refracting element with a freeform surface, arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side. The first refracting element reflects light from the lens multiple times and transmits the reflected light to the third refracting element. The third refracting element reflects light from the first refracting element multiple times and transmits the reflected light. The first and third refracting elements are attached together; light emitted from the lens passes sequentially through the freeform surfaces of the first and third refracting elements before being transmitted.

[0027] In the optical lens provided by the embodiment of the present application, light rays are output from the lens and then incident on the first refractive member. After being reflected multiple times within the first refractive member, the light rays are incident on the third refractive member and then output after being reflected multiple times by the third refractive member. When the light rays are transmitted within the first refractive member and the third refractive member, multiple reflections occur, which can fold the optical path, reduce the size of the optical lens, and achieve miniaturization of the optical lens. In addition, the fitting of the first refractive member and the third refractive member can further reduce the size of the optical lens and lower the assembly difficulty. The optical lens provided by the embodiment of the present application includes multiple free-form surfaces. When the light rays are transmitted through the multiple free-form surfaces, the degree of freedom for aberration correction can be increased. Furthermore, on the premise of ensuring the imaging quality, a larger light flux can be achieved, and the imaging size of the optical lens can be increased.

[0028] In a possible implementation manner, the first refractive member includes a first incident surface, a first exit surface, and a first reflection surface; the first incident surface faces the lens, the first exit surface faces the second refractive member, and the first incident surface, the first exit surface, and the first reflection surface all intersect; at least one of the first incident surface, the first exit surface, and the first reflection surface is a free-form surface; the first incident surface is used to transmit the light rays from the lens to the first reflection surface; the first reflection surface is used to reflect at least part of the light rays from the first incident surface to the first incident surface; the first incident surface is also used to reflect at least part of the light rays from the first reflection surface to the first exit surface; the first exit surface is used to transmit at least part of the light rays from the first incident surface to the second refractive member. The third refractive member includes a third incident surface, a third exit surface, and a third reflection surface; the third incident surface faces the second refractive member; the third incident surface, the third exit surface, and the third reflection surface all intersect; at least one of the third incident surface, the third exit surface, and the third reflection surface is a free-form surface; the third incident surface is used to transmit the light rays from the second refractive member to the third exit surface; the third exit surface is used to reflect at least part of the light rays from the third incident surface to the third reflection surface; the third reflection surface is used to reflect at least part of the light rays from the third exit surface to the third exit surface; the third exit surface is also used to transmit at least part of the light rays from the third reflection surface. Among them, the first exit surface and the third incident surface are fitted. In this way, the assembly difficulty can be reduced.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner, the refractive index n0 of the light rays within the lens, the refractive index n1 of the light rays within the first refractive member, and the refractive index n3 of the light rays within the third refractive member satisfy: n1 < n0 < n3. In this way, chromatic aberration and field curvature can be balanced, the aperture of the optical lens can be increased, and the size of the optical lens can be reduced.

[0030] The camera module provided in the third aspect of this application includes a packaging structure, an optical sensor, and an optical lens as described in either the first or second aspect. The optical sensor is disposed on the image side of the optical lens, and the optical lens is disposed within the packaging structure. The packaging structure includes a lens barrel with a receiving cavity and a guide rail disposed inside the lens barrel. A limiting hole is formed in the side wall of the lens barrel, penetrating the side wall and communicating with the receiving cavity. The receiving cavity is used to house the refractive element of the optical lens, and the limiting hole is used to house the lens itself. The guide rail connects the refractive element, allowing it to move along the extension direction of the lens barrel.

[0031] The camera module provided in the third aspect of this application includes the optical lens of either the first or second aspect, and its beneficial effects are the same as those of the optical lens, so they will not be repeated here. Furthermore, the packaging structure of this application embodiment is simple, and the refracting element is fixed to the lens barrel via a guide rail, facilitating assembly and offering strong applicability.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the encapsulation structure also includes a light-blocking plate; the light-blocking plate is disposed on the outside of the lens barrel. This prevents interfering light from entering the optical lens.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the sidewall of the lens barrel is also provided with a light-emitting aperture; the encapsulation structure also includes a filter; the filter is disposed inside the light-emitting aperture. In this way, unwanted wavelengths in the light are filtered out, preventing the photosensitive element from producing false colors or ripples, thereby improving effective resolution and color reproduction.

[0034] A fourth aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including a camera module and a printed circuit board as described in the third aspect; the camera module and the printed circuit board are electrically connected.

[0035] The electronic device provided in the fourth aspect of the embodiments of this application includes the camera module of the third aspect, and its beneficial effects are the same as those of the camera module, which will not be repeated here.

[0036] The packaging structure provided in the fifth aspect of this application includes a lens barrel with a receiving cavity and a guide rail disposed inside the lens barrel. A limiting hole is formed in the side wall of the lens barrel, penetrating the side wall and communicating with the receiving cavity. The receiving cavity is used to house the refractive element of an optical lens, and the limiting hole is used to house the lens of the optical lens. The guide rail is used to connect the refractive element, allowing the refractive element to move along the extension direction of the lens barrel.

[0037] The packaging structure provided in this application embodiment is simple in structure. The refracting element is fixed on the lens barrel by the guide rail, which is convenient for assembly and has strong applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a camera module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of a camera module imaging provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of another camera module imaging provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a periscope optical path structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another optical lens provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another optical lens provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another optical lens provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 8A is a modulation transfer function curve of the optical lens shown in Figure 6;

[0049] Figure 8B is a distortion grid diagram of the optical lens shown in Figure 6;

[0050] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another optical lens provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another optical lens provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 11A is a modulation transfer function curve of the optical lens shown in Figure 9;

[0053] Figure 11B is a distortion grid diagram of the optical lens shown in Figure 9;

[0054] Figure 12A is a schematic diagram of the packaging structure of an optical lens provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 12B is an exploded view of Figure 12A;

[0056] Figure 13 is a schematic flowchart of an optical lens packaging method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0057] Reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Electronic device; 2-Display module; 3-Middle frame; 4-Housing; 5-Cover plate; 10-Camera module; 20-Photosensitive element; 30-Filter; 100-Optical lens; 110-Lens; 210-First refracting element; 211-First incident surface; 212-First exit surface; 213-First reflecting surface; 220-Second refracting element; 221-Second incident surface; 222-Second exit surface; 230-Third refracting element; 231-Third incident surface; 232-Third exit surface; 233-Third reflecting surface; 200-Encapsulation structure of the optical lens; 310-Lens barrel; 311-Receiving cavity; 312-Limiting hole; 313-Light exit hole; 320-Guide rail; 330-Light blocking plate; 340-Filter. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0059] Hereinafter, the terms "second," "first," etc., are used for descriptive convenience only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "second," "first," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0060] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" may be defined relative to the orientation in which the components are schematically placed in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms can be relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly based on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0061] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, the term "coupled connection" can be a direct electrical connection or an indirect electrical connection through an intermediate medium. The term "contact" can be direct contact or indirect contact through an intermediate medium.

[0062] In this embodiment of the application, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0063] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions, the technical terms used in this application are explained below.

[0064] Image side and object side: These are the areas through which imaging rays pass. Imaging rays include the chief ray and the marginal ray. The image side is the surface facing the image, and the object side is the surface facing the object.

[0065] Optical power (focal power) is equal to the difference between the convergence of the image-side beam and the convergence of the object-side beam, characterizing the refractive ability of an optical system for an incident parallel beam. Optical power is generally represented by φ; the larger the value of φ, the more pronounced the refraction of the parallel beam. When φ > 0, the refraction is converging; when φ < 0, the refraction is diverging. When φ = 0, it is plane refraction, meaning that the axial parallel beam remains axially parallel after refraction, and no refraction occurs.

[0066] Lens thickness: The thickness of a lens along its optical axis is the thickness of the lens.

[0067] Focal length (f), also known as focal length, is a measure of the convergence or divergence of light in an optical system. It refers to the vertical distance from the optical center of a lens or lens group to the imaging plane when a scene at infinity is formed into a clear image on the imaging plane.

[0068] Effective focal length (EFL): The distance between the rear principal plane of a lens or lens group and the image plane. For thin lenses, the focal length is the distance from the center of the lens to the image plane; for thick lenses or lens groups, the focal length is equal to the effective focal length.

[0069] Back focal length (BFL): also known as back focal distance, refers to the distance from the lens closest to the image side of the lens or lens group to the imaging plane of the optical lens.

[0070] Lens-to-focal length ratio: The ratio of total optical length to focal length. The smaller the lens-to-focal length ratio, the longer the focal length can be achieved in a smaller overall size.

[0071] The optical axis is a ray that passes perpendicularly through the center of an ideal lens. When rays parallel to the optical axis enter a convex lens, an ideal convex lens should have all rays converging at a single point behind the lens; this point of convergence is the focal point.

[0072] Positive focal length: The lens or lens group has a positive focal length and has the effect of converging light.

[0073] Negative focal length: A lens or lens group has a negative focal length and a diverging light effect.

[0074] Chief ray: The ray that passes through the center of the lens's entrance pupil and exit pupil.

[0075] The optical axis is a ray of light that passes perpendicularly through the center of an ideal lens. When rays of light parallel to the optical axis enter a convex lens, the ideal convex lens should be such that all rays converge at a single point behind the lens; this point where all rays converge is called the focal point.

[0076] Freeform surface: A curved surface whose shape cannot be continuously processed and has the arbitrary characteristics of traditional machining.

[0077] Aspherical surface: refers to a surface whose curvature changes continuously.

[0078] Mirror central axis: The axis that passes through the geometric center of the mirror and is parallel to the axis of rotational symmetry.

[0079] Off-axis: refers to the optical axis not coinciding with the central axis.

[0080] Axis of rotational symmetry: A straight line that makes a geometric figure symmetrical about its central axis or rotation. A geometric figure formed by rotating a figure 360° along this line is a figure of rotational symmetry, and this line is the axis of rotational symmetry.

[0081] Rotationally symmetric structure: A structure composed of geometric figures that rotate around an axis of symmetry 360°.

[0082] Non-rotationally symmetric structures: structures that cannot be obtained by linear rotation.

[0083] Light aperture: The aperture of the projection of the incident light beam onto the mirror along the central axis of the mirror.

[0084] Mirror off-axis distance: also known as mirror offset, is the distance between the geometric center of the mirror and the axis of rotational symmetry. In other words, it is the distance between the central axis of the mirror and the axis of rotational symmetry.

[0085] Total track length (TTL): The total track length is the length along the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first optical element facing the object in the lens to the image plane. It is the total length from the lens barrel head to the image plane and is a major factor in determining the camera's height. The total track length is used to characterize the lens's dimensions.

[0086] Aperture stop: This is a device used to control the amount of light passing through the lens and entering the sensor inside the camera body. The aperture number (F#) is a relative value obtained by dividing the lens's focal length by its aperture diameter (the reciprocal of the relative aperture). A smaller F# value allows more light to enter the lens in the same unit of time, resulting in better lens performance in low-light conditions. A larger F# value results in a shallower depth of field, blurring the background in the photo.

[0087] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0088] This application provides an electronic device. This electronic device can be, for example, a consumer electronics product, a home electronics product, or an in-vehicle electronics product, or any electronic product with photographic or video recording capabilities. Consumer electronics products include mobile phones, tablets, laptops, personal computers (PCs), personal digital assistants (PDAs), desktop monitors, smart wearable products (e.g., smartwatches, smart bracelets), virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, drones, etc. Home electronics products include smart door locks, televisions, etc. In-vehicle electronics products include car navigation systems, car DVDs, etc. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific form of the above-mentioned electronic device. For ease of explanation, the following embodiments all use a mobile phone as an example for illustration.

[0089] An example of the structure of an electronic device is shown in Figure 1A. The electronic device 1 mainly includes a display module 2, a middle frame 3, a housing (or battery cover, back cover) 4, and a cover plate 5.

[0090] The display module 2 has a light-emitting side that allows the display image to be seen and a non-light-emitting side that is opposite to the light-emitting side. The back of the display module 2 is close to the middle frame 3, and the cover plate 5 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display module 2.

[0091] The aforementioned display module 2 includes a display panel (DP).

[0092] In one possible embodiment of this application, the display module 2 is a liquid crystal display module. In this case, the aforementioned display screen is a liquid crystal display (LCD). Based on this, the display module 2 also includes a backlight unit (BLU) located on the back of the LCD (away from the side of the LCD used to display images).

[0093] The backlight module provides light to the LCD screen (also known as backlight), and each sub-pixel in the LCD screen can control the transmittance of light to achieve image display.

[0094] Alternatively, in another possible embodiment of this application, display module 2 is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display module. In this case, the aforementioned display screen is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen. Since each subpixel in an OLED display screen has an electroluminescent layer, the OLED display screen can achieve self-illumination after receiving an operating voltage. In this case, the aforementioned backlight module is not required in display module 2 with an OLED display screen.

[0095] The cover plate 5 is located on the side of the display module 2 away from the middle frame 3. The cover plate 5 can be, for example, a cover glass (CG), which can have a certain degree of toughness.

[0096] The middle frame 3 is located between the display module 2 and the housing 4. The surface of the middle frame 3 away from the display module 2 is used to mount internal components such as batteries, printed circuit boards (PCBs), cameras, and antennas. After the housing 4 is closed with the middle frame 3, the aforementioned internal components are located between the housing 4 and the middle frame 3.

[0097] In some embodiments, the electronic device 1 further includes a processor (CPU) chip, a radio frequency chip, a radio frequency power amplifier (PA), a system on a chip (SOC), a power management integrated circuit (PMIC), a memory chip (e.g., high bandwidth memory (HBM)), an audio processor, a touch screen controller, NAND flash, an image processor, a camera, and a microphone, etc., disposed on a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is used to carry the above-mentioned electronic devices and to complete signal interaction with the above-mentioned electronic devices.

[0098] For example, an image processor is communicatively connected to a camera. The image processor acquires image data from the camera and processes the image data. The communication connection between the camera and the image processor can include data transmission via electrical connections such as wiring, or data transmission via coupling or other methods. It is understood that the camera and the image processor can also achieve a communication connection through other means capable of data transmission.

[0099] The image processor optimizes the digital image signal and transmits the processed signal to the display module 2. The image processor can be an image processing chip or a digital signal processing chip. Its function is to transmit the data obtained by the photosensitive chip to the processor chip in a timely and fast manner and refresh the photosensitive chip. Therefore, the performance of the image processor directly affects the image quality (such as color saturation, sharpness, etc.).

[0100] A camera is an indispensable part of the current electronic device 1. In some embodiments, the camera of the electronic device 1 includes a first camera and a second camera. For example, the first camera serves as the front-facing camera of the electronic device and is disposed on the printed circuit board near the display module 2. The second camera serves as the rear-facing camera of the electronic device 1 and is disposed on the printed circuit board near the housing 4. In this embodiment, the number and placement of the cameras are not limited; they can be reasonably set according to the actual situation.

[0101] Based on this, this application embodiment also provides a camera module, which is any one of the cameras included in the above-mentioned electronic device 1. As shown in FIG1B, the camera module 10 includes an optical lens 100, a photosensitive element 20, and a filter 30.

[0102] As shown in Figure 1B, the photosensitive element 20 is disposed on the image side of the optical lens 100. For example, the photosensitive element 20 is disposed on the focal plane of the optical lens 100 to present a clear image.

[0103] For example, the photosensitive element 20 may include an optical sensor. For instance, the optical sensor is an image sensor.

[0104] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1B, the camera module 10 further includes a filter 30. The filter 30 is disposed between the optical lens 100 and the photosensitive element 20.

[0105] For example, filter 30 is used to filter out unwanted wavelengths in the light to prevent the photosensitive element 20 from producing false colors or ripples, thereby improving effective resolution and color reproduction.

[0106] The optical lens 100 mainly uses the refraction principle of the lens to form an image, that is, light passes through the optical lens to form a clear image on the focal plane, and forms an image through the photosensitive element 20 located on the focal plane.

[0107] In order for electronic device 1 to capture images of objects at different distances, the camera of electronic device 1 may include a short-focal-length optical lens (the main camera of electronic device 1) and a long-focal-length optical lens. The short-focal-length optical lens is used to capture images of objects that are closer, and the long-focal-length optical lens is used to capture images of objects that are farther away.

[0108] For example, as shown in Figure 2A, when the object being photographed is relatively close, a short-focal-length optical lens (the main camera of electronic device 1) is used for imaging, in which case the effective focal length can be, for example, around 7mm. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 2B, when the object being photographed is relatively far away, a long-focal-length optical lens is used for imaging, in which case the effective focal length can be, for example, greater than 20mm. In this way, the same object can be imaged at a substantially consistent size at different shooting distances.

[0109] As users demand increasingly higher photographic performance from electronic devices, the use of telephoto lenses has become a development trend for camera modules. Based on this, as shown in Figure 3A, an optical lens 100 is illustrated, capable of meeting medium to long telephoto photography requirements.

[0110] However, because telephoto lenses stretch the axial length of the lens during imaging, they increase the overall size of the lens, resulting in a larger total track length (TTL) and a larger overall size for the lens 100. The fact that the image sensor 20 is positioned on the focal plane of the lens 100 further contributes to a larger overall size for the camera module 10.

[0111] Meanwhile, as users' requirements for the performance and structure of electronic device 1 continue to increase, in order to make electronic device 1 thinner and lighter, the printed circuit board in electronic device 1 needs to be placed as close as possible to the display module 2 and the housing 4. However, as existing electronic devices 1 are gradually developing towards narrow bezels or even bezel-less designs, the display module 2 and the housing 4 are very close to the outline edge of the mid-frame 3. Therefore, applying the aforementioned camera module 10 to electronic device 1 contradicts the current trend of thinner and lighter electronic devices 1.

[0112] In order to make the camera module 10 applicable to the thin and light electronic device 1, the increase in the size of the optical lens 100 will cause the camera module 10 of the electronic device 1 to protrude, as shown in Figure 3B. The camera module 10 protrudes from the housing 4 by more than 4mm, which affects the shape of the electronic device 1 and the user experience.

[0113] Therefore, in order to reduce the size of the camera module 10, the optical lens 100 can adopt a periscope design. For example, one or more mirrors can be placed in the optical path to change the direction of light propagation and fold the optical path. As shown in Figure 4, placing a mirror in the optical path with an angle of 45° between the mirror and the optical axis can fold the light transmission angle by 90°, thereby reducing the size of the optical lens 100 along the thickness direction of the electronic device 1.

[0114] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 may include a vertical lens and a periscope lens. For example, FIG. 3A illustrates a vertical lens. The optical axis of the vertical lens is parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device 1, while the optical axis of the periscope lens intersects the thickness direction of the electronic device 1. The periscope lens is better suited for use in thin and light electronic devices 1.

[0115] Figure 5 illustrates a periscope optical lens 100, which includes a prism and multiple lenses. The prism is disposed on both the object side and the image side of the multiple lenses. Incident light rays are reflected by the prism, enter the multiple lenses, and are then reflected again by the prism before exiting.

[0116] It is clarified here that the prism is used to fold the optical path, reducing the size of the optical lens 100 without generating optical power. The lens is used to generate optical power. The number of lenses is not limited in this embodiment; for example, optical power can be generated using 5, 6, or 7 lenses. Multiple lenses are coaxially arranged. It is clarified here that, in practice, due to assembly reasons or lens manufacturing processes, the optical axes of each lens may be slightly misaligned; in this case, the lenses can still be considered as coaxially arranged.

[0117] In this way, the optical axis direction of the optical lens 100 can be changed by using a prism so that the optical axis of the incident light intersects with the optical axes of multiple lenses, thereby reducing the size of the optical lens 100.

[0118] With the development of technology, optical lenses 100 are gradually developing towards larger light-transmitting apertures and larger imaging sizes. Due to the presence of mirrors, the size and light-transmitting aperture of periscope lenses are close, making it difficult to reduce the size of optical lenses 100 (the size of the optical lens 100 shown in Figure 5 is greater than 11mm).

[0119] Based on this, in order to further reduce the size of the periscope optical lens, this application provides an optical lens that is applied in the above-mentioned camera module 10. As shown in FIG6, the optical lens 100 includes a lens 110, a first refractive element 210, a second refractive element 220 and a third refractive element 230 arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side.

[0120] For example, lens 110 is used to converge light rays and transmit the converged light rays to first refractive element 210. First refractive element 210 is used to reflect light rays from lens 110 multiple times and transmit the reflected light rays to second refractive element 220. Second refractive element 220 is used to transmit light rays from first refractive element 210 to third refractive element 230. Third refractive element 230 is used to reflect light rays from second refractive element 220 multiple times and transmit the reflected light rays.

[0121] In other words, after light enters the lens 110, it is converged by the lens 110 and transmitted to the first refractive element 210. Then, the light undergoes multiple reflections within the first refractive element 210 before being transmitted to the second refractive element 220. Next, the light is transmitted through the second refractive element 220 and then to the third refractive element 230. Finally, the light undergoes multiple reflections within the third refractive element 230 before being transmitted.

[0122] The first refracting element 210, the second refracting element 220, and the third refracting element 230 all include freeform surfaces. Light rays emitted from the lens 110 are transmitted after passing through the freeform surfaces of the first refracting element 210, the second refracting element 220, and the third refracting element 230 in sequence.

[0123] This is to clarify that a freeform surface is a curved surface whose surface shape cannot be continuously processed and has the arbitrary characteristics of traditional processing and shaping.

[0124] In this process, light undergoes multiple reflections during its transmission within the first refracting element 210 and the third refracting element 230, which folds the light path, reducing the size of the optical lens 100 and achieving miniaturization. For example, the size of the optical lens 100 can be reduced by more than 30%, reducing the size of the portion of the camera module 10 protruding from the electronic device 1 or making the camera module 10 flush with the housing of the electronic device 1, thereby improving the user's experience with the electronic device 1.

[0125] Lens 110 has positive optical power. That is, lens 110 has the function of converging light. Lens 110 is used to collect light and converge the incident light, so that the aperture of the incident light gradually becomes smaller.

[0126] As exemplarily shown in FIG6, optical lens 100 may include a lens.

[0127] Alternatively, for example, the optical lens 100 may include a plurality of lenses, i.e., a lens group.

[0128] In this embodiment, the number of lenses included in the optical lens 100 is not limited; it can be set reasonably according to the actual situation.

[0129] In this embodiment of the application, when the optical lens 100 includes multiple lenses, each lens is coaxially arranged. For example, the multiple lenses are arranged sequentially along the optical axis.

[0130] Each lens includes an object-side surface facing the object side and an image-side surface facing the image side.

[0131] It is understood that the object-side surface of any one of the multiple lenses can be convex, concave, or flat. Similarly, the image-side surface of any one of the multiple lenses can also be convex, concave, or flat. This application does not limit this; appropriate settings can be made according to actual circumstances.

[0132] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the optical power of each lens is not limited, as long as the lens 110 has positive optical power.

[0133] In the embodiments of this application, the multiple lenses are all lenses with positive or negative optical power. When a plane mirror is inserted between the multiple lenses, the plane mirror is not considered as a lens of the optical lens 100 of this application.

[0134] For ease of illustration, the following description assumes that the optical lens 100 includes a lens.

[0135] For example, both the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the lens 110 are aspherical.

[0136] This allows for the balance of aberrations, adjustment of the incident angle of light, increased design freedom of the optical lens, and improved image quality.

[0137] For example, both the object-side and image-side surfaces of the lens 110 are rotationally symmetric.

[0138] For example, both the object-side surface and the image-side surface of lens 110 are rotationally symmetric aspherical surfaces.

[0139] This can improve imaging quality and reduce aberrations.

[0140] For example, the object-side surface of lens 110 is convex.

[0141] This results in better imaging and improves image quality.

[0142] Regarding the first refractive element 210, referring to Figure 6, the first refractive element 210 includes a first incident surface 211, a first exit surface 212, and a first reflecting surface 213. The first incident surface 211, the first exit surface 212, and the first reflecting surface 213 all intersect.

[0143] For example, the first refractive element 210 may include a prism. For instance, the prism may include any one of the following: a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, or a pentaangular prism. That is, the first incident surface 211, the first exit surface 212, and the first reflecting surface 213 may serve as any three intersecting sides of the prism.

[0144] Alternatively, for example, the first refracting element 210 may be a combination of a first incident surface 211, a first exit surface 212, and a first reflecting surface 213.

[0145] As shown in Figure 6, the first incident surface 211 is positioned toward the lens 110, and the first exit surface 212 is positioned toward the second refracting element 220.

[0146] For example, the first incident surface 211 is used to transmit light from the lens 110 to the first reflecting surface 213, the first reflecting surface 213 is used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the first incident surface 211 back to the first incident surface 211, the first incident surface 211 is also used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the first reflecting surface 213 back to the first exit surface 212, and the first exit surface 212 is used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the first incident surface 211 back to the second refractive element 220.

[0147] In other words, as shown in Figure 7, the light rays emitted from the lens 110 are incident on the first incident surface 211 of the first refractive element 210. After being transmitted through the first incident surface 211, the light rays are transmitted to the first reflecting surface 213 of the first refractive element 210. Then, after being reflected by the first reflecting surface 213, the light rays are transmitted to the first incident surface 211 of the first refractive element 210. Then, after being reflected by the first incident surface 211, the light rays are transmitted to the first exit surface 212. Finally, the light rays are transmitted through the first exit surface 212.

[0148] The first reflecting surface 213 can be used to reflect a portion of the light rays from the first incident surface 211 back to the first incident surface 211, or it can reflect all the light rays from the first incident surface 211 back to the first incident surface 211, depending on the angle of incidence of the light rays onto the first reflecting surface 213. The first incident surface 211 can be used to reflect a portion of the light rays from the first reflecting surface 213 to the first exiting surface 212, or it can reflect all the light rays from the first incident surface 211 to the first exiting surface 212, depending on the angle of incidence of the light rays onto the first incident surface 211.

[0149] It is clarified here that both the first reflecting surface 213 and the first incident surface 211 serve as reflecting surfaces, and these reflecting surfaces are those through which light can pass when incident at a preset angle. For example, when the incident angle of the light is greater than or equal to the preset angle, total internal reflection (TIR) ​​can occur, meaning that all light passing through the reflecting surface is reflected. When the incident angle of the light is less than the preset angle, the light is transmitted through the reflecting surface.

[0150] When light rays are transmitted from the first incident surface 211 to the first reflecting surface 213, if the angle of incidence of the light rays at the first reflecting surface 213 is greater than or equal to a preset angle, the light rays undergo total internal reflection. When light rays are reflected from the first reflecting surface 213 to the first incident surface 211, if the angle of incidence of the light rays at the first incident surface 211 is greater than or equal to a preset angle, the light rays undergo total internal reflection. When light rays are reflected from the first incident surface 211 to the first exit surface 212, if the angle of incidence of the light rays at the first exit surface 212 is less than a preset angle, the light rays undergo transmission through the first exit surface 212.

[0151] Therefore, as shown in Figure 7, the light undergoes at least two total internal reflections within the first refracting element 210, and the light is folded at least twice, which can increase the path of the light and reduce the size of the optical lens 100.

[0152] In this embodiment, the first refracting element 210 includes a freeform surface. For example, at least one surface of the first refracting element 210 is a freeform surface. That is, at least one of the first incident surface 211, the first exit surface 212, and the first reflecting surface 213 is a freeform surface.

[0153] In this way, the freeform surface can effectively balance the chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens 100.

[0154] For example, the first incident surface 211 is a freeform surface. Alternatively, the first exit surface 212 is a freeform surface. Alternatively, the first reflecting surface 213 is a freeform surface.

[0155] Alternatively, for example, the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 are freeform surfaces. Alternatively, the first incident surface 211 and the first reflecting surface 213 are freeform surfaces. Alternatively, the first exit surface 212 and the first reflecting surface 213 are freeform surfaces.

[0156] Alternatively, for example, all surfaces of the first refracting element 210 are freeform surfaces. That is, the first incident surface 211, the first exit surface 212, and the first reflecting surface 213 are all freeform surfaces.

[0157] This allows for a further balance between chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens 100.

[0158] In some embodiments, at least one surface of the first refracting element 210 is an off-axis non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface. That is, at least one of the first incident surface 211, the first exit surface 212, and the first reflecting surface 213 is an off-axis non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface.

[0159] To clarify, an off-axis non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface refers to a freeform surface whose centers do not coincide with the optical axis and cannot be obtained by rotation. Off-axis non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces can provide design freedom, increase the optical field of view, and correct system aberrations.

[0160] For example, the first incident surface 211 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface. Alternatively, the first exit surface 212 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface. Alternatively, the first reflecting surface 213 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface.

[0161] Alternatively, for example, the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces. Alternatively, the first incident surface 211 and the first reflecting surface 213 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces. Alternatively, the first exit surface 212 and the first reflecting surface 213 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces.

[0162] Alternatively, for example, all surfaces of the first refracting element 210 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces. That is, the first incident surface 211, the first exit surface 212, and the first reflecting surface 213 are all off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces.

[0163] This allows for further correction of aberrations and increases design freedom.

[0164] This application does not limit the specific implementation details; appropriate settings can be made according to the actual situation.

[0165] Regarding the second refracting element 220, referring to Figure 6, the second refracting element 220 includes a second incident surface 221 and a second exit surface 222.

[0166] For example, the second refractive element 220 may include a prism. For instance, the prism may include any one of the following: a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, or a pentaangular prism. That is, the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 may serve as any intersecting side surfaces of the prism.

[0167] Alternatively, for example, the second refracting element 220 may be a combination of the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222.

[0168] As shown in Figure 6, the second incident surface 221 is positioned toward the first refracting element 210, and the second exiting surface 222 is positioned toward the third refracting element 230.

[0169] For example, the second incident surface 221 is used to transmit light from a refractive element 210 to the second exit surface 222, and the second exit surface 222 is used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the second incident surface 221 to the third refractive element 230.

[0170] In other words, as shown in Figure 7, light rays emitted from the first refracting element 210 are incident on the second incident surface 221 of the second refracting element 220. After being transmitted through the second incident surface 221, the light rays are transmitted to the second exit surface 222. Then, the light rays are transmitted through the second exit surface 222.

[0171] Therefore, as shown in Figure 7, the light rays from the first refracting element 210 are transmitted to the third refracting element 230 after being transmitted through the second refracting element 220.

[0172] It is clarified here that the second refracting element 220 may also include a reflective surface, so that light is refracted multiple times within the second refracting element 220 before being emitted. This application embodiment does not limit this; it can be reasonably configured according to actual conditions.

[0173] In this embodiment, the second refracting element 220 includes a freeform surface. For example, at least one surface of the second refracting element 220 is a freeform surface. That is, the second incident surface 221 or the second exiting surface 222 is a freeform surface.

[0174] In this way, the freeform surface can balance the chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens 100.

[0175] For example, the second incident surface 221 is a freeform surface. Alternatively, the second exit surface 222 is a freeform surface.

[0176] Alternatively, for example, all surfaces of the second refracting element 220 are freeform surfaces. That is, both the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 are freeform surfaces.

[0177] This allows for a further balance between chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens 100.

[0178] In some embodiments, at least one surface of the second refracting element 220 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface. That is, the second incident surface 221 or the second exit surface 222 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface.

[0179] This allows for the correction of aberrations and increases design freedom.

[0180] For example, the second incident surface 221 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface. Alternatively, the second exit surface 222 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface.

[0181] Alternatively, for example, all surfaces of the second refracting element 220 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces. That is, both the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces.

[0182] This allows for further correction of aberrations and increases design freedom.

[0183] This application does not limit the specific implementation details; appropriate settings can be made according to the actual situation.

[0184] Regarding the third refractive element 230, referring to Figure 6, the third refractive element 230 includes a third incident surface 231, a third exit surface 232, and a third reflecting surface 233. The third incident surface 231, the third exit surface 232, and the third reflecting surface 233 all intersect.

[0185] For example, the third refractive element 230 may include a prism. For instance, the prism may include any one of the following: a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, or a pentaangular prism. That is, the third incident surface 231, the third exit surface 232, and the third reflecting surface 233 may serve as any three intersecting sides of the prism.

[0186] Alternatively, for example, the third refracting element 230 may be a combination of the third incident surface 231, the third exit surface 232, and the third reflecting surface 233.

[0187] For example, the third incident surface 231 is used to transmit light from the second refracting element 220 to the third exit surface 232, the third exit surface 232 is used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the third incident surface 231 to the third reflecting surface 233, the third reflecting surface 233 is used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the third exit surface 232 to the third exit surface 232, and the third exit surface 232 is also used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the third incident surface 231.

[0188] In other words, as shown in Figure 7, the light emitted from the second refracting element 220 is incident on the third incident surface 231 of the third refracting element 230. After being transmitted through the third incident surface 231, the light is transmitted to the third exit surface 232 of the third refracting element 230. Then, after being reflected by the third exit surface 232, the light is transmitted to the third reflecting surface 233 of the third refracting element 230. Then, after being reflected by the third reflecting surface 233, the light is transmitted to the third exit surface 232. Finally, the light is transmitted through the third exit surface 232.

[0189] The third exit surface 232 can be used to reflect a portion of the light rays from the third incident surface 231 to the third reflecting surface 233, or it can reflect all the light rays from the third incident surface 231 to the third reflecting surface 233, depending on the angle of incidence of the light rays onto the third exit surface 232. Similarly, the third reflecting surface 233 can be used to reflect a portion of the light rays from the third exit surface 232 to the third exit surface 232, or it can reflect all the light rays from the third exit surface 232 to the third exit surface 232, depending on the angle of incidence of the light rays onto the third reflecting surface 233.

[0190] It is clarified here that both the third emitting surface 232 and the third reflecting surface 233 serve as reflecting surfaces, and these reflecting surfaces are those through which light can pass when incident at a preset angle. For example, when the incident angle of the light is greater than or equal to the preset angle, total internal reflection can occur, meaning that all light passing through the reflecting surface is reflected. When the incident angle of the light is less than the preset angle, the light is transmitted through the reflecting surface.

[0191] Light rays are transmitted from the third incident surface 231 to the third exit surface 232. The angle of incidence of the light rays at the third exit surface 232 is greater than or equal to a preset angle, resulting in total internal reflection. Light rays are then reflected from the third exit surface 232 to the third reflecting surface 233. The angle of incidence of the light rays at the third reflecting surface 233 is greater than or equal to a preset angle, resulting in total internal reflection. Finally, light rays are reflected from the third reflecting surface 233 to the third exit surface 232. The angle of incidence of the light rays at the third exit surface 232 is less than a preset angle, resulting in transmission through the third exit surface 232.

[0192] Therefore, as shown in Figure 7, the light undergoes at least two total internal reflections within the third refracting element 230, and the light is folded at least twice, which can increase the path of the light and reduce the size of the optical lens 100.

[0193] For example, as shown in FIG7, an image sensor 20 is also provided on the image side of the optical lens 100.

[0194] The photosensitive element 20 may include, for example, a detector or a sensor.

[0195] As shown in Figure 7, the photosensitive element 20 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the third refractive element 230. That is, the photosensitive element 20 is disposed outside the third emitting surface 232 of the third refractive element 230. The light emitted from the third refractive element 230 converges on the photosensitive element 20.

[0196] In this embodiment, the third refracting element 230 includes a freeform surface. For example, at least one surface of the third refracting element 230 is a freeform surface. That is, at least one of the third incident surface 231, the third exit surface 232, and the third reflecting surface 233 is a freeform surface.

[0197] This allows for the balance of chromatic aberration and field curvature in the optical lens 100.

[0198] For example, the third incident surface 231 is a freeform surface. Alternatively, the third exit surface 232 is a freeform surface. Alternatively, the third reflecting surface 233 is a freeform surface.

[0199] Alternatively, for example, the third incident surface 231 and the third exit surface 232 are freeform surfaces. Alternatively, the third incident surface 231 and the third reflecting surface 233 are freeform surfaces. Alternatively, the third exit surface 232 and the third reflecting surface 233 are freeform surfaces.

[0200] Alternatively, for example, all surfaces of the third refracting element 230 are freeform surfaces. That is, the third incident surface 231, the third exit surface 232, and the third reflecting surface 233 are all freeform surfaces.

[0201] This allows for a further balance between chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical lens 100.

[0202] In some embodiments, at least one surface of the third refracting element 230 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface. That is, at least one of the third incident surface 231, the third exit surface 232, and the third reflecting surface 233 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface.

[0203] This allows for the correction of aberrations and increases design freedom.

[0204] For example, the third incident surface 231 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface. Alternatively, the third exit surface 232 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface. Alternatively, the third reflecting surface 233 is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface.

[0205] Alternatively, for example, the third incident surface 231 and the third exit surface 232 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces. Alternatively, the third incident surface 231 and the third reflecting surface 233 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces. Alternatively, the third exit surface 232 and the third reflecting surface 233 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces.

[0206] Alternatively, for example, all surfaces of the third refracting element 230 are off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces. That is, the third incident surface 231, the third exit surface 232, and the third reflecting surface 233 are all off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surfaces.

[0207] This allows for further correction of aberrations and increases design freedom.

[0208] This application does not limit the specific implementation details; appropriate settings can be made according to the actual situation.

[0209] In this embodiment, the lens 110 has optical power and can provide optical power for the optical path. At least a portion of the surfaces of the first refractive element 210, the second refractive element 220, and the third refractive element 230 have optical power and can provide optical power for the optical path. The telephoto optical lens 100 is realized through the cooperation of the lens 110 with the first refractive element 210, the second refractive element 220, and the third refractive element 230.

[0210] In some embodiments, the refractive index n0 of light in lens 110, the refractive index n1 of light in first refracting element 210, the refractive index n2 of light in second refracting element 220, and the refractive index n3 of light in third refracting element 230 satisfy: n1 <n2<n0<n3。

[0211] This allows for a balance between chromatic aberration and field curvature, enabling an increase in the aperture of the optical lens 100 while reducing its size.

[0212] For example, the first refracting element 210, the second refracting element 220 and the third refracting element 230 are spaced apart.

[0213] In other words, there are gaps between the first refracting element 210 and the second refracting element 220, as well as between the second refracting element 220 and the third refracting element 230.

[0214] Alternatively, for example, the first refracting element 210, the second refracting element 220, and the third refracting element 230 are fitted together.

[0215] That is, the first exit surface 212 and the second incident surface 221 are bonded together, and the second exit surface 222 and the third incident surface 231 are bonded together. For example, adhesive can be used for bonding.

[0216] To facilitate understanding of the optical lens 100 provided in the embodiments of this application, a simulation was performed, and the simulation results are described below.

[0217] Table 1 below shows the optical parameters of the optical lens 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0218] Wherein, FOV is the field of view of optical lens 100; F# is the aperture value of optical lens 100; CRA is the principal angle of optical lens 100; MTF is the modulation transfer function of optical lens 100; the frequency of MTF is 125 lps / mm; and PIH is the half-image height of optical lens 100.

[0219] Table 1

[0220] Figure 8A shows the modulation transfer function (MTF) curve of the optical lens 100 structure shown in Figure 6. The horizontal axis of Figure 8A represents spatial frequency in line pairs per millimeter (Lp / mm), and the vertical axis represents the modulation transfer function. The lines in the figure represent the relationship between the modulation transfer function and spatial frequency at different field of view angles.

[0221] As can be seen from the MTF curve of the optical lens 100 shown in Figure 8A, when the MTF coefficient is above 0.6, the optical lens 100 produces clear images and has a good imaging effect.

[0222] Figure 8B shows the distortion grid diagram of the optical lens 100 structure shown in Figure 6. The horizontal axis of Figure 8B represents the horizontal field of view (FOV) in millimeters (mm), and the vertical axis represents the vertical field of view (FOV) in millimeters (mm).

[0223] As can be seen from Table 1 and Figure 8B, the distortion is less than 1%. The optical lens 100 provided in this embodiment has achieved good distortion correction, with low imaging distortion, thus meeting the requirements for low distortion.

[0224] The optical lens 100 provided in this application embodiment employs three refracting elements working together, achieving an aperture of F2.1. Distortion is effectively corrected, resulting in superior optical performance while simultaneously satisfying the requirements of a large aperture, high reliability, and small size. For example, the optical lens 100 provided in this application embodiment can reduce the size by more than 4mm, the height by more than 3mm, and approximately double the imaging size, for example, to more than 10mm.

[0225] The optical lens 100 provided in this embodiment includes a lens 110 with positive optical power, a first refracting element 210 with a freeform surface, a second refracting element 220 with a freeform surface, and a third refracting element 230 with a freeform surface, arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side. Light rays exiting from the lens 110 are incident on the first refracting element 210, undergo multiple reflections within the first refracting element 210, and then enter the second refracting element 220. After transmission through the second refracting element 220, the light rays are transmitted to the third refracting element 230, undergo multiple reflections within the third refracting element 230, and are then output. The multiple reflections of light rays during transmission within the first refracting element 210 and the third refracting element 230 fold the light path, reducing the size of the optical lens 100 and achieving miniaturization of the optical lens 100. The optical lens 100 provided in this application embodiment includes multiple freeform surfaces. Light is transmitted through multiple freeform surfaces, which can increase the degree of freedom for aberration correction. In this way, while ensuring imaging quality, a larger amount of light can be transmitted, and the imaging size of the optical lens 100 can be increased.

[0226] This application embodiment also provides an optical lens, as shown in FIG9, including a lens 110, a first refracting element 210 and a third refracting element 230 arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side.

[0227] Lens 110 has positive optical power, enabling it to converge light rays and transmit the converged light to the first refractive element 210. The first refractive element 210 is used to reflect the light from lens 110 multiple times and transmit the reflected light to the third refractive element 230. The third refractive element 230 is used to reflect the light from second refractive element 220 multiple times and transmit the reflected light.

[0228] In other words, as shown in Figure 10, after the light rays are incident on the lens 110, they are converged by the lens 110 and transmitted to the first refractive element 210. Then, the light rays undergo multiple reflections within the first refractive element 210 before being transmitted to the third refractive element 230. Finally, the light rays undergo multiple reflections within the third refractive element 230 before being transmitted.

[0229] In this process, light undergoes multiple reflections during its transmission within the first refracting element 210 and the third refracting element 230, which folds the light path. Simultaneously, the first refracting element 210 and the third refracting element 230 are fitted together, reducing the size of the optical lens 100 and achieving miniaturization. For example, the size of the optical lens 100 can be reduced by more than 7%.

[0230] The descriptions of lens 110, first refracting element 210, and third refracting element 230 are the same as those above, and can be found in the above descriptions of lens 110, first refracting element 210, and third refracting element 230.

[0231] The first refracting element 210 includes a freeform surface, and the third refracting element 230 includes a freeform surface.

[0232] For example, the first refracting element 210 includes a first incident surface 211, a first exit surface 212, and a first reflecting surface 213.

[0233] As shown in Figure 10, the first incident surface 211 is used to transmit light from the lens 110 to the first reflecting surface 213, the first reflecting surface 213 is used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the first incident surface 211 back to the first incident surface 211, the first incident surface 211 is also used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the first reflecting surface 213 back to the first exit surface 212, and the first exit surface 212 is used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the first incident surface 211 back to the second refractive element 220.

[0234] For example, the third refracting element 230 includes a third incident surface 231, a third exit surface 232, and a third reflecting surface 233.

[0235] As shown in Figure 10, the third incident surface 231 is used to transmit light from the second refracting element 220 to the third exit surface 232, the third exit surface 232 is used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the third incident surface 231 to the third reflecting surface 233, the third reflecting surface 233 is used to reflect at least a portion of the light from the third exit surface 232 to the third exit surface 232, and the third exit surface 232 is also used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the third incident surface 231.

[0236] In this embodiment, the first refracting element 210 and the third refracting element 230 are attached together.

[0237] For example, the first exit surface 212 and the third incident surface 231 are bonded together. For example, an adhesive can be used for bonding.

[0238] It is clarified here that the shape of the first exit surface 212 is opposite to the shape of the third incident surface 231, that is, the first exit surface 212 and the third incident surface 231 are complementary. For example, the first exit surface 212 is convex and the third incident surface 231 is concave. Alternatively, the first exit surface 212 is concave and the third incident surface 231 is convex. In this embodiment, the shape of the first exit surface 212 and the shape of the third incident surface 231 are not limited, as long as the first exit surface 212 and the third incident surface 231 can fit together precisely.

[0239] In this embodiment, the lens 110 has optical power and can provide optical power for the optical path. At least a portion of the surfaces of the first refractive element 210 and the third refractive element 230 have optical power and can provide optical power for the optical path. The telephoto optical lens 100 is realized through the cooperation of the lens 110 with the first refractive element 210 and the third refractive element 230.

[0240] In some embodiments, the refractive index n0 of light in lens 110, the refractive index n1 of light in first refracting element 210, and the refractive index n3 of light in third refracting element 230 satisfy: n1 <n0<n3。

[0241] This allows for a balance between chromatic aberration and field curvature, enabling an increase in the aperture of the optical lens 100 while reducing its size.

[0242] To facilitate understanding of the optical lens 100 provided in the embodiments of this application, a simulation was performed, and the simulation results are described below.

[0243] Table 2 below shows the optical parameters of the optical lens 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0244] Wherein, FOV is the field of view of optical lens 100; F# is the aperture value of optical lens 100; CRA is the principal angle of optical lens 100; MTF is the modulation transfer function of optical lens 100; the frequency of MTF is 90 lps / mm; and PIH is the half-image height of optical lens 100.

[0245] Table 2

[0246] Figure 11A shows the modulation transfer function (MTF) curve of the optical lens 100 structure shown in Figure 9. The horizontal axis of Figure 11A represents spatial frequency in line pairs per millimeter (Lp / mm), and the vertical axis represents the modulation transfer function. The lines in the figure represent the relationship between the modulation transfer function and spatial frequency at different field of view angles.

[0247] As can be seen from the MTF curve of the optical lens 100 shown in Figure 11A, when the MTF coefficient is above 0.5, the optical lens 100 produces clear images and has a good imaging effect.

[0248] Figure 11B shows the distortion grid diagram of the optical lens 100 structure shown in Figure 9. The horizontal axis of Figure 11B represents the horizontal field of view (FOV) in millimeters (mm), and the vertical axis represents the vertical field of view (FOV) in millimeters (mm).

[0249] As can be seen from Table 2 and Figure 11B, the distortion is approximately zero. The optical lens 100 provided in this embodiment has achieved good distortion correction, with low imaging distortion, thus meeting the requirement of low distortion.

[0250] The optical lens 100 provided in this application embodiment uses two mutually attached refractive elements, and the aperture can reach F2.22. Distortion can be effectively corrected, resulting in better optical performance, while satisfying the requirements of large aperture, high reliability, and small size.

[0251] The optical lens 100 provided in this embodiment includes a lens 110 with positive optical power, a first refracting element 210 with a freeform surface, and a third refracting element 230 with a freeform surface, arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side. Light rays exiting from the lens 110 are incident on the first refracting element 210, undergo multiple reflections within the first refracting element 210, and then enter the third refracting element 230, undergoing multiple reflections within the third refracting element 230 before being output. The multiple reflections during light transmission within the first and third refracting elements 210 and 230 fold the light path, reducing the size of the optical lens 100 and achieving miniaturization. Furthermore, the bonding of the first and third refracting elements 210 and 230 further reduces the size of the optical lens 100 and simplifies assembly. The optical lens 100 provided in this application embodiment includes multiple freeform surfaces. Light is transmitted through multiple freeform surfaces, which can increase the degree of freedom for aberration correction. In this way, while ensuring imaging quality, a larger amount of light can be transmitted, and the imaging size of the optical lens 100 can be increased.

[0252] This application embodiment also provides an optical lens packaging structure, which can be used to package the aforementioned optical lens 100. As shown in Figures 12A and 12B, the optical lens packaging structure 200 includes a lens barrel 310 with a receiving cavity 311 and a guide rail 320 disposed inside the lens barrel 310. A limiting hole 312 is formed in the side wall of the lens barrel 310, the limiting hole 312 penetrating the side wall of the lens barrel 310 and communicating with the receiving cavity 311.

[0253] For example, the receiving cavity 311 is used to house the refractive element of the optical lens 100 (one or more of the first refractive element 210, the second refractive element 220 and the third refractive element 230 mentioned above).

[0254] The guide rail 320 is used to connect the aforementioned refractive element so that the refractive element can move along the extension direction of the lens barrel 310.

[0255] The refracting element is connected to the lens barrel 310 via the guide rail 320, and the refracting element can be fixed to the inside of the lens barrel 310 via the guide rail 320.

[0256] For example, the limiting hole 312 is used to place the lens 110 of the optical lens 100.

[0257] Among them, the limiting hole 312 is the light-incident side (object side) of the optical lens 100.

[0258] The shape of the limiting hole 312 can be the same as that of the lens 110, for example. In this embodiment, the shape of the limiting hole 312 is not limited, and can be reasonably set according to the actual situation.

[0259] In some embodiments, the encapsulation structure 200 further includes a light-blocking sheet 330.

[0260] As shown in Figure 12A, the light-blocking plate 330 is disposed on the outside of the lens barrel 310.

[0261] The material of the light-blocking plate 330 may include, for example, a light-shielding material to prevent interference light from entering the optical lens 100.

[0262] In some embodiments, the sidewall of the lens barrel 310 is also provided with a light-emitting hole 313, and the encapsulation structure 200 also includes a filter 340.

[0263] As shown in Figure 12A, the filter 340 is disposed inside the light exit hole 313.

[0264] The filter 30 is used to filter out unwanted wavelengths in the light to prevent the photosensitive element 20 from producing false colors or ripples, thereby improving the effective resolution and color reproduction.

[0265] This application embodiment also provides a method for packaging an optical lens, as shown in FIG13. The packaging method includes:

[0266] S1. Install the lens 110 into the limiting hole 312.

[0267] In other words, the light-incident side of the optical lens 100, i.e. the object side, has been determined.

[0268] S2. Fix the refracting element onto the guide rail 320.

[0269] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 includes a first refracting element 210, a second refracting element 220, and a third refracting element 230.

[0270] For example, the first refracting element 210 and the third refracting element 230 can be fixed on the guide rail 320 first, with a gap between the first refracting element 210 and the third refracting element 230. Then, the position of the second refracting element 220 can be adjusted according to the imaging quality through active coupling to improve the imaging quality. Finally, the second refracting element 220 can be fixed on the guide rail 320.

[0271] In other embodiments, the optical lens 100 includes a first refractive element 210 and a third refractive element 230.

[0272] For example, the first exit surface 212 of the first refracting element 210 can be attached to the third incident surface 231 of the third refracting element 230, and then the first refracting element 210 and the third refracting element 230 can be fixed on the guide rail 320.

[0273] It is explained here that after the refracting element is fixed, it is placed inside the lens barrel 310 via the guide rail 320.

[0274] S3. Place the light-blocking plate 330 on the outside of the lens barrel 310.

[0275] S4. Set the filter 340 in the light exit hole 313 of the lens barrel 310.

[0276] S5. Position the photosensitive element 20 on the side of the filter 340 away from the refracting element.

[0277] The optical lens packaging structure 200 provided in this application embodiment has a simple structure. The refracting element is fixed on the lens barrel 310 by the guide rail 320, which is convenient for assembly and has strong applicability.

[0278] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, include: The lens, the first refracting element, the second refracting element, and the third refracting element are arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side; The lens has positive optical power; The first refracting element includes a freeform surface; the first refracting element is used to reflect light from the lens multiple times and transmit the reflected light to the second refracting element; The second refracting element includes a freeform surface; the second refracting element is used to transmit light from the first refracting element to the third refracting element; The third refracting element includes a freeform surface; the third refracting element is used to reflect light from the second refracting element multiple times and transmit the reflected light. The light rays emitted from the lens are transmitted after passing through the freeform surface of the first refracting element, the freeform surface of the second refracting element, and the freeform surface of the third refracting element in sequence.

2. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first refracting element includes a first incident surface, a first exit surface, and a first reflecting surface; the first incident surface is disposed toward the lens, and the first exit surface is disposed toward the second refracting element; the first incident surface, the first exit surface, and the first reflecting surface all intersect; at least one of the first incident surface, the first exit surface, and the first reflecting surface is a freeform surface; The first incident surface is used to transmit light from the lens to the first reflecting surface; The first reflecting surface is used to reflect at least a portion of the light rays from the first incident surface back to the first incident surface; The first incident surface is also used to reflect at least a portion of the light rays from the first reflecting surface to the first exiting surface; The first exit surface is used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the first incident surface to the second refractive element.

3. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second refracting element includes a second incident surface and a second exit surface; the second incident surface is disposed toward the first refracting element, and the second exit surface is disposed toward the third refracting element; the second incident surface or the second exit surface is a free-form surface; The second incident surface is used to transmit light from the refractive element to the second exit surface; The second exit surface is used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the second incident surface to the third refractive element.

4. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The third refracting element includes a third incident surface, a third exit surface, and a third reflecting surface; the third incident surface is disposed facing the second refracting element; the third incident surface, the third exit surface, and the third reflecting surface all intersect; at least one of the third incident surface, the third exit surface, and the third reflecting surface is a free-form surface; The third incident surface is used to transmit light from the second refracting element to the third exit surface; The third exit surface is used to reflect at least a portion of the light rays from the third incident surface to the third reflecting surface; The third reflecting surface is used to reflect at least a portion of the light rays from the third emitting surface back to the third emitting surface; The third exiting surface is also used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the third reflecting surface.

5. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, All surfaces of the first refracting element are freeform surfaces; And / or, All surfaces of the second refracting element are freeform surfaces; And / or, All surfaces of the third refracting element are freeform surfaces.

6. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, At least one surface of the first refracting element is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface; And / or, At least one surface of the second refracting element is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface; And / or, At least one surface of the third refracting element is an off-axis, non-rotationally symmetric freeform surface.

7. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The refractive index n0 of the light ray in the lens, the refractive index n1 of the light ray in the first refracting element, the refractive index n2 of the light ray in the second refracting element, and the refractive index n3 of the light ray in the third refracting element satisfy: n1 <n2<n0<n3。 8. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Both the object-side and image-side surfaces of the lens are aspherical.

9. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The object-side and image-side surfaces of the lens are both rotationally symmetric.

10. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The object-side surface of the lens is convex.

11. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The first refracting element includes a first incident surface, a first exit surface, and a first reflecting surface; the first incident surface is disposed toward the lens, and the first exit surface is disposed toward the second refracting element; the second refracting element includes a second incident surface and a second exit surface; the second incident surface is disposed toward the first refracting element, and the second exit surface is disposed toward the third refracting element; the third refracting element includes a third incident surface, a third exit surface, and a third reflecting surface; the third incident surface is disposed toward the second refracting element; the first exit surface and the second incident surface are attached together, and the second exit surface and the third incident surface are attached together.

12. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The first refracting element includes a prism; And / or, The second refracting element includes a prism; And / or, The third refracting element includes a prism.

13. An optical lens, characterized in that, include: The lens, the first refracting element, and the third refracting element are arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side; The lens has positive optical power; The first refracting element includes a freeform surface; the first refracting element is used to reflect light from the lens multiple times and transmit the reflected light to the second refracting element; The third refracting element includes a freeform surface; the third refracting element is used to reflect light from the first refracting element multiple times and transmit the reflected light. The first refracting element and the third refracting element are attached together; the light emitted from the lens passes through the freeform surface of the first refracting element and the freeform surface of the third refracting element in sequence before being transmitted.

14. The optical lens according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first refracting element includes a first incident surface, a first exit surface, and a first reflecting surface; the first incident surface is disposed toward the lens, the first exit surface is disposed toward the second refracting element, and the first incident surface, the first exit surface, and the first reflecting surface all intersect; at least one of the first incident surface, the first exit surface, and the first reflecting surface is a freeform surface; The first incident surface is used to transmit light from the lens to the first reflecting surface; The first reflecting surface is used to reflect at least a portion of the light rays from the first incident surface back to the first incident surface; The first incident surface is also used to reflect at least a portion of the light rays from the first reflecting surface to the first exiting surface; The first exit surface is used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the first incident surface to the second refractive element; The third refracting element includes a third incident surface, a third exit surface, and a third reflecting surface; the third incident surface is disposed facing the second refracting element; the third incident surface, the third exit surface, and the third reflecting surface all intersect; at least one of the third incident surface, the third exit surface, and the third reflecting surface is a free-form surface; The third incident surface is used to transmit light from the second refracting element to the third exit surface; The third exit surface is used to reflect at least a portion of the light rays from the third incident surface to the third reflecting surface; The third reflecting surface is used to reflect at least a portion of the light rays from the third emitting surface back to the third emitting surface; The third exiting surface is also used to transmit at least a portion of the light from the third reflecting surface; The first exit surface and the third incident surface are in contact.

15. The optical lens according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The refractive index n0 of the light in the lens, the refractive index n1 of the light in the first refracting element, and the refractive index n3 of the light in the third refracting element satisfy: n1 <n0<n3。 16. A camera module, characterized in that, It includes a packaging structure, an optical sensor, and an optical lens as described in any one of claims 1-15; the optical sensor is disposed on the image side of the optical lens; the optical lens is disposed within the packaging structure; The packaging structure includes a lens barrel and a guide rail; The lens barrel is provided with a receiving cavity; a limiting hole is formed in the side wall of the lens barrel, the limiting hole penetrates the side wall of the lens barrel and communicates with the receiving cavity; the receiving cavity is used to place the refractive element of the optical lens, and the limiting hole is used to place the lens of the optical lens; The guide rail is disposed on the inner side of the lens barrel; the guide rail is used to connect the refractive element so that the refractive element can move along the extension direction of the lens barrel.

17. The camera module according to claim 16, characterized in that, The encapsulation structure also includes a light-blocking plate; the light-blocking plate is disposed on the outside of the lens barrel.

18. The camera module according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The side wall of the lens barrel is also provided with a light-emitting hole; the encapsulation structure also includes a filter; the filter is disposed in the light-emitting hole.

19. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes a camera module and a printed circuit board as described in any one of claims 16-18; the camera module and the printed circuit board are electrically connected.

20. A packaging structure, characterized in that, include: A lens barrel, wherein a receiving cavity is provided inside the lens barrel; a limiting hole is formed in the side wall of the lens barrel, the limiting hole penetrates the side wall of the lens barrel and communicates with the receiving cavity; the receiving cavity is used to place the refractive element of the optical lens, and the limiting hole is used to place the lens of the optical lens; A guide rail is disposed on the inner side of the lens barrel; the guide rail is used to connect the refractive element so that the refractive element can move along the extension direction of the lens barrel.

Images