Charging method and apparatus, and device, medium and computer program

Abstract

Provided are a charging method and apparatus, and an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product and a computer program. The method comprises: a charging device outputting a pulse test voltage to a transmitting coil of the charging device; if pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets a test pass condition, outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and a resonant capacitor; at least on the basis of a transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage, determining whether to enter reduced-power charging; if reduced-power charging is entered, sending power reduction information to a charged device; the charged device receiving the power reduction information sent by the charging device, and on the basis of the power reduction information, determining target charging power for the charged device; and reducing charging power of the charged device by using the target charging power as a target, and then performing charging.

Description

Charging methods, devices, equipment, media and procedures products

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024109112684, filed in China on July 8, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a charging method and apparatus, electronic device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product and computer program. Background Technology

[0004] When mobile devices such as smartphones are wirelessly charging, if there are foreign objects between the mobile device and the wireless charger, it will not only reduce the charging efficiency, but may also cause the foreign object to overheat, damaging the mobile device or the wireless charger, or even more seriously, causing a safety accident. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in the related technologies, this disclosure provides a charging method and apparatus, an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a computer program.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a charging method is provided, applied to a charging device, comprising:

[0007] Output a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device;

[0008] Based on the fact that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition, a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor;

[0009] At least based on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage, determine whether to enter the reduced power charging phase;

[0010] Based on the reduced-power charging, a reduced-power information is sent to the device being charged, so that the device being charged reduces the charging power according to the reduced-power information.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a charging method is provided, applied to a device being charged, comprising:

[0012] Receive power reduction information sent by the charging device, wherein the power reduction information is sent by the charging device when it determines that it is entering power reduction charging;

[0013] Based on the power reduction information, the target charging power of the device being charged is determined;

[0014] The charging power of the device being charged is reduced to the target charging power before charging.

[0015] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a charging device is provided, comprising:

[0016] The first output module is configured to output a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device;

[0017] The second output module is configured to output a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor based on the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meeting the test pass condition.

[0018] The first determining module is configured to determine whether to enter reduced-power charging based at least on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage.

[0019] The sending module is configured to send power reduction information to the device being charged based on the entry of the power reduction charging, so that the device being charged reduces the charging power according to the power reduction information.

[0020] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a charging device is provided, comprising:

[0021] The receiving module is configured to receive power reduction information sent by the charging device, the power reduction information being sent by the charging device when it determines that it is entering power reduction charging.

[0022] The second determining module is configured to determine the target charging power of the device being charged based on the power reduction information.

[0023] The reduction module is configured to reduce the charging power of the device being charged to the target charging power before charging.

[0024] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising:

[0025] processor;

[0026] Memory used to store processor-executable instructions;

[0027] The processor is configured to execute the executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the steps of the method in any of the first aspects, or to implement the steps of the method in any of the second aspects.

[0028] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores computer program instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in any one of the first aspects, or implement the steps of the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0029] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any one of the first aspects, or implements the steps of the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0030] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program is provided that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of the first aspects, or to implement the steps of the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0031] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The charging device outputs a pulse test voltage to its transmitting coil. If the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass conditions, a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor. At least based on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage, it is determined whether to enter reduced-power charging. If reduced-power charging is entered, reduced-power information is sent to the device being charged. The device being charged receives the reduced-power information sent by the charging device and determines its target charging power based on the reduced-power information. Charging is then performed after reducing the charging power to the target charging power. This method can reduce the charging power when there are foreign objects between the charging device and the device being charged, preventing the foreign object from overheating and damaging the mobile terminal or wireless charger. This improves the safety of wireless charging.

[0033] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a charging method on the charging device side according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0036] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining whether pulse test information meets the test pass conditions, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0037] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of step S21 in Figure 2 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0038] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating another method for determining whether pulse test information meets the test pass conditions, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0039] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of step S13 in Figure 1 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0040] Figure 6 is a waveform diagram showing the attenuation of a charging test voltage in the presence of foreign matter, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0041] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining whether to reduce power during charging, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0042] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating another method for determining whether to reduce power during charging, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0043] Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting the presence of foreign objects and determining whether to reduce power during charging, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0044] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating a charging method on the side of the device being charged according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0045] Figure 11 is a block diagram illustrating a charging device on the charging device side according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Figure 12 is a block diagram illustrating a charging device on the side of the device being charged according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0047] Figure 13 is a block diagram illustrating a charging device on the side of the device being charged according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0048] Figure 14 is a block diagram illustrating a charging device on the charging device side according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0050] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is situated, and with authorization from the owner of the relevant device.

[0051] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a charging method according to an exemplary embodiment, applied to a charging device, wherein the charging device may be a device with wireless charging function, such as a magnetic charging device with wireless charging function, or a charging base with wireless charging function, or an in-vehicle wireless charging pad configured on a vehicle, or a desktop wireless charger configured on a desktop, cabinet, etc., as shown in Figure 1, including steps S11 to S14.

[0052] In step S11, a pulse test voltage is output to the transmitting coil of the charging device;

[0053] The pulse test voltage can be a pulse signal with a preset period, such as a square wave with a preset period or a pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform, such as a PWM waveform with a duration of 100us.

[0054] The transmitting coil is a coil in the device being charged that receives the input voltage. When current passes through it, it generates a changing magnetic field, which allows the receiving coil of the device being charged to sense the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil, thereby generating current and charging the device.

[0055] In this embodiment of the disclosure, to ensure safe charging between the charging device and the device being charged and to avoid energy waste during wireless charging, a pulse test can be performed on the transmitting coil of the charging device first. By outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil, the presence of foreign objects between the charging device and the device being charged is detected based on the pulse test voltage before the voltage (current) output for wireless charging.

[0056] Foreign objects can be, for example, a protective case worn by the charging device, or a metal part placed between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil that partially or completely obstructs the transmitting coil.

[0057] For example, when a wireless charging-enabled phone is placed on a charging device, the device automatically begins a pre-charging test process. This process includes outputting a pulsed test voltage to the transmitting coil to determine if there are any foreign objects between the charging device and the device being charged.

[0058] In step S12, if the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition, then a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor.

[0059] Among them, pulse test information is the response data generated by the charging device after the pulse test voltage is applied, which may include parameters such as voltage change data, current change data, and electromagnetic field strength change data.

[0060] In this embodiment of the disclosure, after completing the pulse test, the charging device can analyze the pulse test information to determine whether the charging conditions are met between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. If the test conditions are met, a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor. If the test conditions are not met, a pulse test voltage is output to the transmitting coil of the charging device again until the test conditions are met.

[0061] For example, after the pulse test passes, the charging device outputs a charging test voltage of V(0) to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor to begin simulating the actual charging process. The output quality factor is measured by applying a voltage signal of V(0) to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor, and then closing the power switch to establish a small-signal magnetic field on the transmitting coil.

[0062] In step S13, it is determined whether to enter the power reduction charging phase based at least on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage.

[0063] The transmission quality factor (Q value) is an important parameter for measuring the transmission efficiency of wireless charging devices. If there are foreign objects between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, the transmission quality factor will be affected, resulting in a decrease in transmission efficiency.

[0064] In this embodiment of the disclosure, during wireless charging, the charging device determines the current transmission quality factor based on the charging test voltage. For example, if the transmission quality factor is lower than a preset threshold, it may indicate significant energy loss or potential safety hazards due to foreign objects between the transmitting and receiving coils. In this case, a power-reduction charging strategy is adopted to reduce energy loss and potential risks by lowering the charging power.

[0065] For example, during simulated charging, if the charging device detects a significant decrease in transmission quality factor due to foreign objects between the transmitting and receiving coils, it can enter a reduced-power charging mode to ensure the safety and stability of the charging process.

[0066] In step S14, if the reduced-power charging is initiated, a reduced-power information is sent to the device being charged so that the device being charged reduces the charging power according to the reduced-power information.

[0067] The power reduction information can be wirelessly transmitted to the device being charged, instructing it to reduce its charging power. When the charging device determines it needs to enter the power reduction charging mode, it wirelessly sends this information to the device being charged. Upon receiving this information, the device being charged can adjust its internal charging circuitry accordingly, reducing its charging power to match the requirements of the wireless charging system.

[0068] For example, after deciding to enter reduced-power charging mode, the charging device wirelessly sends a power reduction message to the phone. Upon receiving this message, the phone automatically adjusts its internal charging circuit parameters, such as reducing the charging current, to match the power of the charging device. This way, even if there are foreign objects between the transmitting and receiving coils, the reduced power prevents the foreign object from overheating and damaging the charging device or the device being charged, thus ensuring the safety and stability of the wireless charging process.

[0069] The method described above involves a charging device outputting a pulse test voltage to its transmitting coil. If the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass conditions, a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor. At least based on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage, it is determined whether to enter reduced-power charging. If reduced-power charging is entered, reduced-power information is sent to the device being charged. The device being charged receives the reduced-power information sent by the charging device and determines its target charging power based on this information. Charging is then performed after reducing the charging power to the target charging power. This method can reduce the charging power when there are foreign objects between the charging device and the device being charged, preventing the foreign object from overheating and damaging the mobile terminal or wireless charger. This improves the safety of wireless charging.

[0070] In some embodiments, referring to FIG2, before outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor if the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition, steps S21 to S23 are included.

[0071] In step S21, based on the indicator change value and the first charging stop condition, it is determined whether to enter the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition. The indicator change value is the change value of a specified indicator after applying the pulse test voltage and waiting for a preset time after applying the pulse test voltage.

[0072] The changes in the indicators can reflect the charging status or problems in the system, such as whether there is foreign object interference. The indicators can be at least one of voltage, current or power. Therefore, the specified indicators can be one or more indicators specified in advance in the program.

[0073] The first charging stop condition is a preset set of conditions. When the monitored parameters (such as voltage, current, etc.) reach or exceed these conditions, the system will automatically stop charging to ensure safety. The first charging stop state is the state entered when the first charging stop condition is met, at which point the system will pause or completely stop charging.

[0074] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when a foreign object exists between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, it may cause abnormal changes in specified indicators (voltage, current, or power). By monitoring the changes in these indicators (voltage, current, or power) in real time, once an anomaly is detected, such as a sudden drop in voltage or excessive fluctuation, it is compared with the first charging stop condition. If these conditions are met or exceeded, it is determined that there may be a safety hazard, and thus the first charging stop state is entered.

[0075] For example, suppose that during wireless charging, a metallic object (such as a coin) accidentally falls between the transmitting and receiving coils, causing a sudden drop in voltage. The system detects this abnormal voltage change, determines that the first charging stop condition has been met, and automatically enters the first charging stop state to stop charging, thus preventing potential safety issues such as short circuits or fires.

[0076] In step S22, if it is determined that the first charging stop state will not be entered, then it is determined whether the first charging condition is met based on the change value of the indicator.

[0077] The first charging condition is a series of conditions confirmed before starting or continuing charging, including the stability of voltage, current, or power. If it is determined that the current situation will not trigger the first charging stop state, it will further analyze whether the changes in the indicators (voltage changes, current changes, or power changes) meet the first charging condition. These conditions may include whether the specified indicators (voltage, current, or power) fluctuate within the normal range and whether they are stable. Only when all these conditions are met will the charging process be allowed to continue.

[0078] For example, during the wireless charging preparation phase, a slight voltage fluctuation is detected, but the charging stop condition is not met. Further analysis is conducted to determine if these fluctuations are within the normal range and whether the current environment is suitable for charging. If the voltage change is confirmed to meet the first charging condition, the charging process will continue.

[0079] In step S23, if the first charging condition is met, it is determined that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition.

[0080] In this embodiment of the disclosure, once the first charging condition is confirmed to be met, it can be determined that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition, and then the charging test voltage can be output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor.

[0081] If the first charging condition is not met, it may be determined that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage does not meet the test pass condition. Therefore, the pulse test voltage can continue to be output to the transmitting coil of the charging device for continuous detection.

[0082] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3, step S21, determining whether to enter the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition based on the index change value and the first charging stop condition, includes steps S211 to S212.

[0083] In step S211, when the pulse test voltage is stopped being output, it is determined whether the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition is in effect.

[0084] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when the pulse test voltage is stopped, it can be first determined whether the current charging device is in the process of outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device for the first time, or whether it has already output a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device multiple times. It is possible that the device has already output a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device multiple times, and the pulse test information corresponding to each previous pulse test voltage does not meet the test pass condition. In this case, the current charging device is not providing charging voltage to the device being charged, but is in a stopped charging state, i.e., in the first stopped charging state.

[0085] In this embodiment of the disclosure, whether the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition can be determined by, for example, a flag (FLAG). For example, when entering the first charging stop state, the flag (FLAG) of the first charging stop state can be set to 1.

[0086] In step S212, if the device is not in the first charging stop state, it is determined whether to enter the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition based on the indicator change value and the first charging stop condition.

[0087] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if it is determined that the current state is not the first charging stop state, that is, the current state is the first time a pulse test voltage is output to the transmitting coil of the charging device, then based on the index change value and the first charging stop condition, it is determined whether to enter the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition. That is, it analyzes whether the index change value (voltage change value, current change value, or power change value) meets the first charging stop condition.

[0088] For example, before wireless charging begins, various indicators are monitored by outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device. If the voltage change value exceeds a first preset voltage change threshold due to a foreign object (such as a metal piece), this anomaly is detected, and the device enters a first charging stop state to prevent device damage or safety accidents. If the voltage change value is less than or equal to the first preset voltage change threshold and less than a second preset voltage change threshold due to a foreign object (such as a metal piece), the first charging condition is determined to be met.

[0089] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0090] If the device is in the first charging stop state, then determine whether to remove the first charging stop state based on the change value of the transmitting coil's index and the preset removal conditions.

[0091] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the device is in the first charging stop state, it means that this is not the first time that a pulse test voltage is output to the transmitting coil of the charging device, but at least the second time that a pulse test voltage is output to the transmitting coil of the charging device, and the pulse test information corresponding to each pulse test voltage before this one does not meet the test pass conditions.

[0092] If the first charging stop state is removed, then the step of determining whether the first charging condition is met based on the change value of the indicator is executed;

[0093] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the first charging stop state is removed, it indicates that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage output to the transmitting coil of the charging device this time is different from the previous multiple pulse test voltages output to the transmitting coil of the charging device, thus meeting the test pass condition. This suggests that there may be no foreign object between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, or that the size or properties of the foreign object may not prevent safe charging. Of course, it is still necessary to continue to determine whether the first charging condition is met based on the change value of the indicator. It is possible that the size or properties of the foreign object may cause further changes in the indicator, but the requirements for safe charging are still not met.

[0094] If the first charging stop state is not removed, then the step of outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device is performed.

[0095] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the first charging stop state is not removed, it means that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage output to the transmitting coil of the charging device this time is the same as the pulse test voltage output to the transmitting coil of the charging device in the previous multiple times, and the test pass condition is not met. This means that there is still a foreign object between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the size or properties of the foreign object still cause the inability to charge safely. Then the step of outputting the pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device is executed.

[0096] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0097] If the first charging condition is not met, determine the first number of times to output the pulse test voltage;

[0098] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the voltage change value is less than or equal to a first preset voltage change threshold and greater than or equal to a second preset voltage change threshold due to a foreign object (such as a metal sheet), it is determined that the first charging condition is not met. In this case, the first number of times the pulse test voltage is output can be incremented by 1, and then a pulse test voltage can be output to the transmitting coil of the charging device again. The first number of times the pulse test voltage is output can then be determined.

[0099] Based on the first number of times, determine whether the second charging condition is met;

[0100] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first count may be greater than a first preset count threshold. If the first count is less than or equal to the first preset count threshold, the second charging condition is met; if the first count is greater than the first preset count threshold, the second charging condition is not met.

[0101] If the second charging condition is met, then the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage is determined to meet the test pass condition.

[0102] In this embodiment of the disclosure, once the second charging condition is confirmed to be met, it can be determined that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition, and then the charging test voltage can be output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor.

[0103] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0104] If the second charging condition is not met, the supply of charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil is stopped.

[0105] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the first count is greater than the first preset count threshold, the second charging condition is not met. It can be determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting coil and the detection coil in the current multiple detections. In order to avoid heating the foreign object for a long time, which would increase the risk of the foreign object's temperature rising and increase the risk of damage to the charging device and the device being charged, the charging voltage can be stopped from being supplied to the device being charged through the transmitting coil.

[0106] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0107] If it is determined that the charging device has entered the first charging stop state, then the charging device is controlled to enter the first charging stop state, and the step of outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device is executed.

[0108] In this embodiment of the disclosure, upon determining that the first charging stop state has been entered, the charging device can be controlled to enter the first charging stop state and continue to output pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device. This continuously detects whether there are foreign objects between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. For example, if the foreign object is removed or partially removed, if the removal of the first charging stop state or the first charging condition is met, the subsequent step of outputting charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor can be executed.

[0109] In some embodiments, the present disclosure is illustrated by the flowchart shown in FIG4. Referring to FIG4, firstly, a 100µs PWM signal is output to the transmitting coil of the charging device, and then 100µs is waited. The voltage change value ΔVcoil of the transmitting coil after the applied pulse test voltage and the 100µs wait is determined. Then, it is determined whether the current charging device is in the first charging stop state FOD_1. If the current charging device is not in the first charging stop state FOD_1, it is determined whether the voltage change value ΔVcoil is greater than the first voltage threshold TH_1. If the voltage change value ΔVcoil is greater than the first voltage threshold TH_1, the device enters the first charging stop state FOD_1.

[0110] In some embodiments, if the voltage change value ΔVcoil is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold TH_1, it is determined whether the voltage change value ΔVcoil is less than the second voltage threshold TH_2; if the voltage change value ΔVcoil is less than the second voltage threshold TH_2, it is determined that the first charging condition is met, and the step of outputting a charging test voltage (Q Ping) to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor can be entered.

[0111] In some embodiments, if the voltage change value ΔVcoil is greater than the first voltage threshold TH_1, then the number of times the pulse test voltage is output to the transmitting coil is incremented by 1. Then, it is determined whether the number of times the pulse test voltage is output to the transmitting coil, CNT, is greater than a preset threshold N. If the number CNT is greater than the preset threshold N, the process enters a state where the charging voltage is stopped from being supplied to the device being charged through the transmitting coil, and the steps of outputting the pulse test voltage or the charging test voltage are no longer executed. If the number CNT is less than or equal to the preset threshold N, the step of outputting the charging test voltage continues.

[0112] In some embodiments, if the current charging device is in a first off-charging state FOD_1, it is determined whether the voltage change value ΔVcoil is less than a third voltage threshold TH_3; if the voltage change value ΔVcoil is greater than or equal to the third voltage threshold TH_3, the first off-charging state FOD_1 is maintained, and the output of a 100us PWM signal to the transmitting coil of the charging device and subsequent steps are re-executed; if the voltage change value ΔVcoil is less than the third voltage threshold TH_3, the first off-charging state FOD_1 is removed, and the process proceeds to determining whether the voltage change value ΔVcoil is less than a second voltage threshold TH_2 and subsequent steps.

[0113] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, in step S13, determining whether to enter power reduction charging based at least on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage includes steps S131 to S133.

[0114] In step S131, the time difference between a preset first measurement voltage and a preset second measurement voltage is determined. The preset first measurement voltage and the preset second measurement voltage are the voltages in the decay waveform corresponding to the magnetic field formed by the charging test voltage.

[0115] The preset first measurement voltage and preset second measurement voltage are specific voltage values ​​selected from the attenuation waveform corresponding to the magnetic field formed by the charging test voltage, used to calculate the transmission quality factor. The time difference is the time interval between the appearance of the preset first measurement voltage and the preset second measurement voltage in the attenuation waveform.

[0116] Referring to Figure 6, if there are foreign objects between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil after the charging test voltage is applied, voltage attenuation may occur, forming the attenuation waveform shown in Figure 6. Therefore, the time difference between the preset first measurement voltage and the preset second measurement voltage can be determined. Both the preset first measurement voltage and the preset second measurement voltage can be determined as the peak-to-peak voltage of the attenuation waveform that matches the preset measurement voltage.

[0117] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, after applying a charging test voltage, specific voltage values ​​in the magnetic field decay waveform formed by the charging test voltage are continuously measured, namely, a preset first measurement voltage and a preset second measurement voltage, and their occurrence times are recorded to calculate the time difference. This time difference is related to the decay rate of the magnetic field, and thus can reflect the energy transfer efficiency between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.

[0118] For example, a charging test voltage is continuously output, and the magnetic field decay waveform formed by this voltage is recorded. Two specific voltage values ​​that the peak values ​​of the waveform satisfy are selected, namely the preset first measurement voltage and the preset second measurement voltage, and the time difference between them is determined.

[0119] In step S132, the transmission quality factor is determined based on the preset first measurement voltage, the preset second measurement voltage, the time difference, and the period of the charging test voltage.

[0120] The transmission quality factor (Q value) is used to measure the energy transmission efficiency of a wireless charging system. It is calculated by using a preset first measurement voltage, a second measurement voltage, the time difference between them, and the period of the first preset voltage.

[0121] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the following relationship exists in the attenuation waveform:

[0122] Therefore, the transmission quality factor Q can be calculated using the following formula:

[0123] Where π is a mathematical constant, t2 is the time when the preset second measurement voltage appears in the decay waveform, t1 is the time when the preset first measurement voltage appears in the decay waveform, T is the period of the charging test voltage, V(t2) is the preset second measurement voltage, and V(t1) is the preset first measurement voltage.

[0124] In step S133, it is determined whether to enter the power reduction charging stage based on the transmission quality factor, the preset quality factor, and the factor threshold.

[0125] The preset quality factor can be a pre-defined standard value used for comparison with the actual measured transmission quality factor. The factor threshold can be one or more thresholds. When the actual measured transmission quality factor reaches any target threshold, the charging power can be reduced based on that target threshold.

[0126] In this embodiment, the actual measured transmission quality factor is compared with a preset quality factor, and a factor threshold is used to determine whether the charging power needs to be reduced. If the actual measured quality factor is lower than the factor threshold, it indicates that the energy transmission efficiency is low, and there may be foreign object interference or other problems. In this case, the system will consider reducing the charging power to reduce energy loss and potential safety risks.

[0127] For example, after applying the charging test voltage, if the actual transmission quality factor is detected to be significantly lower than the preset quality factor and the set factor threshold, it may determine that there are foreign objects or other interference factors between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. To ensure charging efficiency and equipment safety, the charging power will be automatically reduced.

[0128] In some embodiments, determining whether to enter reduced-power charging based on the transmission quality factor, a preset quality factor, and a factor threshold includes:

[0129] The quality factor difference is determined based on the transmission quality factor and the preset quality factor.

[0130] In this embodiment, the actual measured transmission quality factor is obtained, and then compared with a preset quality factor to calculate the difference between the two. This difference helps the system understand whether the current wireless charging efficiency meets expectations and to what extent it deviates from expectations.

[0131] For example, suppose the preset quality factor is 100. However, during a charging test, if a foreign object exists between the transmitting and receiving coils, the actual measured transmission quality factor drops to 80. The difference in quality factor is 20, indicating that the performance of the current wireless charging system has decreased compared to expectations.

[0132] Based on the relationship between the quality factor difference and the factor threshold, it is determined whether to enter the reduced power charging phase.

[0133] The quality factor threshold is used to determine whether the difference in quality factor exceeds an acceptable range and the range for power reduction. When the difference in quality factor exceeds this threshold, corresponding measures may be taken, such as stopping charging or reducing charging power, to ensure charging efficiency and equipment safety.

[0134] In this embodiment, the calculated quality factor difference is compared with a factor threshold. If the quality factor difference exceeds any factor threshold, it indicates a deviation in the performance of the current wireless charging system, potentially leading to energy loss or safety hazards. In this case, a stop charging mode or a reduced-power charging mode can be entered to reduce charging speed in exchange for higher charging efficiency and device safety.

[0135] For example, continuing the previous example, suppose the system sets the factor threshold to 15. If the quality factor difference is 20, exceeding the first factor threshold of 15, there is significant foreign object interference, and the system enters a stop charging mode, as the current wireless charging environment cannot meet the charging requirements. If the quality factor difference is 10, less than the first factor threshold of 15, there is minor foreign object interference or other problems. To ensure charging efficiency and device safety, the charging power is automatically reduced, entering a power reduction charging mode. While this will extend the charging time, it reduces energy loss and potential safety risks.

[0136] In some embodiments, the factor threshold includes a first sub-factor threshold;

[0137] The step of determining whether to enter reduced-power charging based on the relationship between the quality factor difference and the factor threshold includes:

[0138] Determine whether the quality factor difference is greater than the first sub-factor threshold;

[0139] If the difference in quality factors is greater than the first sub-factor threshold, then it is determined that the second charging stop state corresponding to the second charging stop condition is entered, and the charging voltage is stopped from being supplied to the device being charged through the transmitting coil.

[0140] The quality factor thresholds are one or more predefined critical values ​​used to evaluate the performance of wireless charging devices. When the quality factor difference exceeds these thresholds, appropriate measures can be taken. The first sub-factor threshold is a specific value within the threshold set to determine whether the performance of the wireless charging device has degraded to the point where specific measures (such as stopping charging or reducing charging power) are necessary. The second charging stop condition is the condition that triggers charging stop when the quality factor difference exceeds a predefined threshold (such as the first sub-factor threshold). The second charging stop state is a state entered when the second charging stop condition is met. In this state, charging voltage is stopped from being supplied to the device being charged through the transmitting coil to prevent potential damage or safety hazards.

[0141] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the difference between the actually measured quality factor and the preset quality factor (quality factor difference) is compared with a first sub-factor threshold. If the quality factor difference is greater than the first sub-factor threshold, it indicates that the performance of the wireless charging system has been severely degraded, possibly due to foreign objects or other interference factors between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.

[0142] In this embodiment, a quality factor difference greater than the first sub-factor threshold indicates the presence of metal on the transmitter surface. A large change in the Q-value caused by the metal indicates a relatively large metal object on the transmitter surface. The transmitter directly enters the FOD_2 state (charging stops due to a large metal foreign object) and ceases the wireless charging process. For example, assuming the first sub-factor threshold is set to 15, but due to the presence of a foreign object, the actual measured quality factor difference is 20. This difference is compared with the first sub-factor threshold, and it is determined that the difference is greater than the threshold.

[0143] When the quality factor difference exceeds the first sub-factor threshold, a serious problem is identified in the current wireless charging environment, such as foreign object interference or device malfunction. To ensure the safety of the device and the charging process, the system will trigger the second charging stop condition, enter the second charging stop state, and immediately stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil.

[0144] For example, suppose the first sub-factor threshold is set to 15, but due to the presence of foreign objects, the actual measured quality factor difference is 20. This difference is compared to the first sub-factor threshold, and it is determined that the difference is greater than the threshold. The system then enters a second charging stop state and cuts off the charging voltage supplied by the transmitting coil to the device being charged. This prevents overheating, short circuits, or other safety hazards caused by foreign objects, protecting the safety of both the device and the user. Simultaneously, the system may issue a warning or prompt the user to check and remove the foreign object to resume normal charging.

[0145] In some embodiments, the factor threshold includes a second sub-factor threshold, wherein the first sub-factor threshold is greater than the second sub-factor threshold, and the method further includes:

[0146] If the quality factor difference is less than or equal to the first sub-factor threshold, then it is determined whether the charging is in the second stop state.

[0147] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the quality factor difference is less than or equal to the first sub-factor threshold, it indicates that although the performance of the wireless charging system has degraded, it may not be severe enough to necessitate a complete shutdown of charging. For example, the first sub-factor threshold is 20, and the quality factor difference is 15. Since 15 is less than 20, the next step of the judgment is performed.

[0148] In some embodiments, if the current state is already in a second charging halt (i.e., the charging halt was previously triggered due to a quality factor difference exceeding a first sub-factor threshold), a further check is performed to see if the quality factor difference has recovered to a level where charging can be resumed. For example, the charging halt was previously triggered due to an excessively high quality factor difference. Now, the quality factor difference has decreased due to the partial removal or relocation of foreign objects.

[0149] If the charging is in the second stopped state, then determine whether the quality factor difference is less than the second sub-factor threshold.

[0150] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the system is in a second stopped charging state and the quality factor difference is less than the second sub-factor threshold, it indicates that the performance of the wireless charging system has recovered to a certain extent, and resuming charging can be considered. However, to avoid the risks that may arise from immediately resuming full power, a reduced-power charging state is chosen. For example, the second sub-factor threshold is 10. If the current quality factor difference is 8 (less than 10), the performance has recovered sufficiently to perform reduced-power charging.

[0151] If the difference in quality factor is less than the second sub-factor threshold, the second stop-charging state is removed, and the process is determined to enter the reduced-power charging state.

[0152] In this embodiment, if the quality factor difference is determined to be less than the second sub-factor threshold, the second charging stop state is removed, and the charging mode is switched to a reduced power charging mode. This allows the charging process to resume while ensuring safety. For example, the charging stop state can be removed, and charging can restart at a lower power. This avoids the inconvenience of completely interrupting charging while ensuring the safety of the charging process.

[0153] By setting different factor thresholds (such as the first sub-factor threshold and the second sub-factor threshold), wireless charging devices can make corresponding adjustment strategies when faced with different degrees of performance degradation, thereby providing continuous and effective charging services as much as possible while ensuring safety.

[0154] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0155] If the quality factor difference is greater than or equal to the second sub-factor threshold, then the system remains in the second stop-charging state and executes the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor.

[0156] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when in the second charging-off state, the quality factor difference is continuously monitored. If the quality factor difference is greater than or equal to the second sub-factor threshold, it indicates that the performance of the wireless charging device has not yet recovered to a level where charging can be safely resumed. For example, suppose the second sub-factor threshold is 10, and the current quality factor difference is 12. Since the difference is greater than the threshold, it is determined that the performance has not yet recovered, and the charging-off state continues.

[0157] In some embodiments, the factor threshold includes a third sub-factor threshold, wherein the first sub-factor threshold is greater than the third sub-factor threshold, and the method further includes:

[0158] If it is not in the second stopped charging state, then determine whether the quality factor difference is greater than the third sub-factor threshold.

[0159] If the quality factor difference is greater than the third sub-factor threshold, a test signal is sent to the device being charged, and the power reduction charging is determined based on whether feedback information is received. The feedback information is the information sent by the device being charged in response to the test signal.

[0160] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the system is not in the second charging stop state and the quality factor difference is greater than the third sub-factor threshold, it indicates that the system performance has degraded, but charging can still continue. In this case, the system should enter the power reduction charging mode to ensure safety.

[0161] In this embodiment, the device being charged sends feedback information after receiving a test signal. If the charging device receives feedback information, it indicates normal communication and good system performance, and normal charging can continue. If no feedback information is received or the feedback information is abnormal, it indicates a potential problem, and the system should enter a reduced-power charging mode for safety. For example, suppose the third sub-factor threshold is 15. If the quality factor difference is 10 (less than the third sub-factor threshold), the system sends a test signal to the device being charged. If the device responds normally, normal charging continues; if there is no response or the response is abnormal, the system switches to a reduced-power charging mode. This ensures the safety of the charging process without completely interrupting charging.

[0162] If the quality factor difference is less than or equal to the third factor threshold, it is determined whether the charging is stopped due to the pulse test information not meeting the test pass condition. If the charging is stopped due to the pulse test information not meeting the test pass condition, it is determined to enter the power reduction charging state. If the charging is not stopped due to the pulse test information not meeting the test pass condition, the step of outputting the charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor is executed.

[0163] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the quality factor difference is less than or equal to the third factor threshold, the state of the flag bit indicating that the pulse test information does not meet the test pass condition can be used to determine whether the charging is in a stopped state. For example, if the flag bit is 1, it indicates that a foreign object has been identified in the previous step, and the subsequent power reduction charging step can continue. If the flag bit is 0, it indicates that no foreign object was detected in the previous step, and no foreign object is detected in this step either, so power reduction charging can be avoided. However, to prevent foreign objects from entering during subsequent charging, continuous detection is required.

[0164] In some embodiments, determining whether to enter the reduced-power charging state based on whether feedback information is received includes:

[0165] If the feedback information is received, it is determined that the power reduction charging will proceed.

[0166] For example, after sending m Digital Pings, if the corresponding information packet is received from the device being charged, the charging device will not enter the FOD_2 state to proceed with the subsequent wireless charging process.

[0167] If the feedback information is not received, then the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor is performed.

[0168] For example, if no corresponding information packet is received from the device being charged after sending m Digital Pings, the charging device will directly enter the FOD_2 state (small metal foreign object exists) and will no longer proceed with the subsequent wireless charging process.

[0169] In some embodiments, in step S132, determining the transmission quality factor based on the preset first measurement voltage, the preset second measurement voltage, the time difference, and the period of the charging test voltage includes:

[0170] The voltage parameters are determined based on the preset first measurement and the preset second measurement voltage;

[0171] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the ratio between the preset second measurement and the preset first measurement voltage can be calculated, and the ratio can be used as a voltage parameter.

[0172] The quality factor is determined based on the voltage parameters and the period.

[0173] In this embodiment, the logarithm of the voltage parameter can be calculated, and then the product of the logarithm and the period can be calculated to obtain the quality factor. The quality factor is an intermediate indicator reflecting the voltage stability and energy transfer efficiency of the system within a certain period.

[0174] The transmission quality factor is determined based on the quality sub-factor and the time difference.

[0175] The time difference likely reflects the response time to voltage or current changes in the system. Combined with the quality factor, it allows for a more comprehensive evaluation of the wireless charging system's transmission performance. If the quality factor remains high within a given time difference, the final transmission quality factor will also be high, indicating efficient energy transfer. Conversely, large fluctuations in the quality factor or excessively long time differences will result in a lower transmission quality factor, potentially indicating interference or other problems within the system.

[0176] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the product of the time difference and the mathematical constant π can be calculated, and then the ratio of the product to the quality factor can be calculated to obtain the transmission quality factor.

[0177] In some embodiments, the present disclosure is illustrated by the flowchart shown in FIG7. Referring to FIG7, firstly, when the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass conditions, the transmission quality factor is obtained from the IC, and the quality factor difference ΔQ between the transmission quality factor and the preset quality factor is calculated.

[0178] In some embodiments, it is determined whether the quality factor difference ΔQ is greater than the first sub-factor threshold Q_TH_1. If the quality factor difference ΔQ is greater than the first sub-factor threshold Q_TH_1, it can be characterized that the metal on the surface of the transmitter has a relatively large change in Q value caused by the metal, which means that a relatively large metal is on the surface of the transmitter, and the transmitter directly enters the FOD_2 state.

[0179] In some embodiments, if the quality factor difference ΔQ is less than or equal to the first sub-factor threshold Q_TH_1, it is determined whether the current state is FOD_2. If the current state is FOD_2, it is determined whether the quality factor difference ΔQ is less than the second sub-factor threshold Q_TH_2. If the quality factor difference ΔQ is less than the second sub-factor threshold Q_TH_2, it indicates that there are no foreign objects such as metal on the surface of the transmitter, and the FOD_2 state can be removed, and the subsequent step of determining whether to reduce power can be performed. If the quality factor difference ΔQ is greater than or equal to the second sub-factor threshold Q_TH_2, it indicates that there are still foreign objects, so the FOD_2 state cannot be removed, and the transmission quality factor calculation needs to continue.

[0180] In some embodiments, if the current state is not FOD_2, it is determined whether the quality factor difference ΔQ is greater than the third sub-factor threshold Q_TH_3. If the quality factor difference ΔQ is greater than the third sub-factor threshold Q_TH_3, it indicates that there may be foreign objects such as metal on the surface of the transmitter, and power reduction charging is required. If the quality factor difference ΔQ is less than or equal to the third sub-factor threshold Q_TH_3, the result of whether the pulse test information passes the test conditions is obtained, and the transmission quality factor calculation continues. Although there are no foreign objects, in order to prevent foreign objects from appearing during subsequent charging, it is necessary to continuously output charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor to calculate the transmission quality factor.

[0181] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0182] If it is determined to enter the reduced-power charging based on the transmission quality factor, then it is determined whether to enter the reduced-power charging based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage, the reference charging current, and the current threshold.

[0183] The reference charging current can be a preset current or the current in the transmitting coil during normal wireless charging. The pulse current can be the current flowing through the transmitting coil when a rectangular wave is applied.

[0184] In this embodiment of the disclosure, although the reduced-power charging has been determined based on the transmission quality factor, there may be errors. Therefore, it is possible to further determine whether to enter the reduced-power charging based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage, the reference charging current, and the current threshold. This allows for the determination of the presence of foreign objects and the need for reduced-power charging before charging begins through two different methods, thereby improving the accuracy of detection and the safety of wireless charging.

[0185] In some embodiments, determining whether to enter the reduced-power charging state based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage, the reference charging current, and the current threshold includes:

[0186] The current difference is determined based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage and the reference charging current.

[0187] In this embodiment, a pulse test voltage is sent and the corresponding pulse current is measured. This pulse current is then compared with a reference charging current, and the difference between the two (current difference) is calculated. The calculated current difference is then compared with one or more preset current thresholds. If the current difference exceeds the corresponding current threshold, it indicates the presence of foreign objects of different sizes or properties between the coils, obstructing power transmission. In this case, a reduced-power charging mode can be entered to reduce energy loss and potential safety risks, or wireless charging can be stopped.

[0188] Based on the relationship between the current difference and the current threshold, it is determined whether to enter the reduced-power charging phase.

[0189] In this embodiment of the disclosure, it is assumed that a wireless charging device is charging a smartphone. Based on the difference between the current value between the coils when a pulse test voltage is transmitted and the reference charging current, and a current threshold, it is determined whether there is a foreign object that stops charging or reduces charging power. If a metallic foreign object (such as a coin) is accidentally placed between the smartphone and the charging device, it can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of power transfer and may cause safety issues.

[0190] At this point, by measuring the pulse current and comparing it with the reference charging current, if the current difference exceeds a certain preset current threshold, the system determines that there is a foreign object between the coils and automatically reduces the charging power to ensure the safety and stability of the charging process. Simultaneously, the system may issue a warning to prompt the user to remove the foreign object. If the current difference exceeds another preset current threshold, preventing charging, wireless charging can be stopped. This effectively detects and handles situations where foreign objects are present during wireless charging.

[0191] In some embodiments, the current threshold includes a first sub-current threshold, and determining whether to enter the reduced-power charging based on the relationship between the current difference and the current threshold includes:

[0192] Determine whether the current difference is greater than the first sub-current threshold;

[0193] If the current difference is greater than the first sub-current threshold, then it is determined that the third charging stop state corresponding to the third charging stop condition is entered, and the charging voltage is stopped from being supplied to the charging device through the transmitting coil.

[0194] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the current threshold is subdivided into different sub-thresholds, including a first sub-current threshold. This first sub-current threshold is an important criterion for determining whether the charging power should be reduced or charging should be stopped. A current difference is calculated and compared with the first sub-current threshold. This current difference is based on the difference between the pulse current generated by the pulse test voltage and the reference charging current.

[0195] If the current difference exceeds the first sub-current threshold, it indicates that foreign objects between the coils have a significant impact on power transmission. In this case, the device enters the third charging stop state corresponding to the third charging stop condition. This means that the charging device will stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil to prevent potential damage or danger.

[0196] In some embodiments, the current threshold includes a second sub-current threshold, and the method further includes:

[0197] If the current difference is less than or equal to the first sub-current threshold, then it is determined whether the third charging stop state is in effect.

[0198] If the third charging stop state is in effect, then determine whether the current difference is less than the second sub-current threshold.

[0199] If the current difference is less than the second sub-current threshold, the third charging stop state is removed, and the process is determined to enter the reduced-power charging state.

[0200] In this embodiment, the current threshold includes not only a first sub-current threshold but also a second sub-current threshold. These two thresholds help the system to control the charging state more precisely.

[0201] In this embodiment, if the current difference is less than or equal to the first sub-current threshold, it indicates that the impact of the foreign object on power transmission may not be particularly severe. At this time, the system checks whether it is currently in the third charging stop state. If the system is already in the third charging stop state (i.e., it had previously entered a charging stop state due to foreign object detection), it further determines whether the current difference is less than the second sub-current threshold. If the current difference is less than the second sub-current threshold, it indicates that the impact of the foreign object has been reduced to a certain extent, and the third charging stop state can be removed, and a reduced-power charging mode can be entered to continue charging the device at a lower power.

[0202] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0203] If the current difference is greater than or equal to the second sub-current threshold, then the third charging stop state is maintained, and the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor is executed.

[0204] In this embodiment, if the current difference is still greater than or equal to the second sub-current threshold, it indicates that the impact of the foreign object is still significant. The third charging stop state is maintained, and further testing may be performed or the user may be allowed to remove the foreign object. During the third charging stop state, a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor to continuously monitor the status of the foreign object.

[0205] In some embodiments, the present disclosure is illustrated by the flowchart shown in FIG8. Referring to FIG8, firstly, the currently calculated transmission quality factor can be obtained. Then, if it is determined that power reduction charging is required based on the transmission quality factor in the previous steps, the current difference ΔI between the pulse current and the reference charging current is calculated based on the pulse current corresponding to the obtained pulse test voltage. In some embodiments, it is determined whether the current difference ΔI is greater than the first sub-current threshold I_TH_1.

[0206] In some embodiments, if the current difference ΔI is greater than the first sub-current threshold I_TH_1, it is determined that there is a large foreign object such as metal between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, which causes the current to increase significantly. Therefore, it can directly enter the third stop-charging state FOD_3 and continue to obtain the calculation results of the transmission quality factor.

[0207] In some embodiments, if the current difference ΔI is less than or equal to the first sub-current threshold I_TH_1, it can be determined whether the current is in the third stop-charging state FOD_3. This is because this calculation may be the first calculation of the relationship between the current difference ΔI and the first sub-current threshold I_TH_1, or it may be that the relationship between the current difference ΔI and the first sub-current threshold I_TH_1 has been calculated many times before. Each calculation indicates that there is a large foreign object such as metal between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the current is in the third stop-charging state FOD_3.

[0208] In some embodiments, if the device is in the third charging off state FOD_3, it is determined whether the current difference ΔI is less than the second sub-current threshold I_TH_2. If the current difference ΔI is less than the second sub-current threshold I_TH_2, it indicates that the foreign object between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil has been removed, or that the foreign object can support low-power charging. The third charging off state FOD_3 is then removed, and further determination of how to perform reduced-power charging can be made. If the current difference ΔI is greater than or equal to the second sub-current threshold I_TH_2, it indicates that a large foreign object still exists between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the calculation result of the transmission quality factor continues to be obtained. If the device is not in the third charging off state FOD_3, there may be no foreign object between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, or the foreign object may be small enough to support low-power charging. In this case, the subsequent steps can be determined by combining the result of whether to perform reduced-power charging based on the transmission quality factor.

[0209] In some embodiments, the present disclosure is illustrated by the flowchart shown in FIG9. Referring to FIG9, firstly, a pulse test voltage is output to the transmitting coil of the charging device. Based on the relationship between the voltage change value Vcoil corresponding to the pulse test voltage and the voltage threshold TH_1, it is determined whether it is necessary to enter the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor. Then, based at least on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage, it is determined whether to enter the step of power reduction charging.

[0210] In some embodiments, if the voltage change value Vcoil is greater than the voltage threshold TH_1, it indicates that there is a large foreign object between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and charging cannot proceed, otherwise it will damage the charging equipment and the device being charged. If the voltage change value Vcoil is less than or equal to the voltage threshold TH_1, a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor, and the corresponding transmission quality factor is obtained. It is determined that the obtained quality factor difference is less than or equal to the first sub-factor threshold Q_TH_1, and the device is already in the second charging stop state FOD_2. If the quality factor difference ΔQ is greater than or equal to the second sub-factor threshold Q_TH_2, it indicates that there is still a foreign object, and therefore the FOD_2 state cannot be removed.

[0211] In some embodiments, if the quality factor difference ΔQ is less than or equal to the second sub-factor threshold Q_TH_2, the power reduction charging can be determined based on the relationship between the pulse current and the reference charging current. If the pulse current is greater than the reference charging current, it indicates that there is still a foreign object, and the system enters the second charging stop state FOD_3. If the pulse current is less than or equal to the reference charging current, the system enters the power reduction charging state. In this case, if feedback information under a specific protocol is received from the device being charged, power reduction charging can continue. If no feedback information under a specific protocol is received from the device being charged, the system enters the fourth charging stop state FOD_4.

[0212] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0213] Receive the modified quality factor sent by the device being charged;

[0214] The device being charged can send the target quality factor directly as the modified quality factor to the charging device, or it can send the difference between the target quality factor and the preset quality factor as the modified quality factor to the charging device. For a detailed explanation, please refer to the following embodiments.

[0215] Based on the modified quality factor and the transmission quality factor, determine whether to stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil;

[0216] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the charging device determines whether the current transmission quality factor matches the received target quality factor based on the target quality factor. If they match, charging can continue, and the device can continue to interact to determine whether power reduction charging is necessary. For example, if the transmission quality factor is greater than the received target quality factor, charging can continue; if the transmission quality factor is less than or equal to the received target quality factor, charging can be stopped for protection.

[0217] If the supply of charging voltage to the device being charged is not stopped through the transmitting coil, the transmission quality factor is sent to the device being charged so that the device being charged can determine the target charging power based on the transmission quality factor.

[0218] In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the charging voltage is not stopped from being supplied to the device being charged through the transmitting coil, it means that although there is a foreign object between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, low-power charging can still be performed. Since the charging device cannot perform, for example, OAT upgrades, it cannot automatically adjust the transmission quality factor and reduce the power, and the device being charged needs to adjust itself.

[0219] In this way, protection thresholds for different quality factors of charging devices can be set. By identifying the specifications of the charging devices, different protection thresholds can be set to stop charging or reduce the charging power to prevent metal foreign objects from being heated.

[0220] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a charging method is provided, applied to a device being charged, as shown in FIG10, including:

[0221] In step S101, power reduction information is received from the charging device, wherein the power reduction information is sent by the charging device when it determines that it is entering power reduction charging.

[0222] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when a foreign object exists between the transmitting coil of the charging device and the receiving coil of the device being charged, causing a decrease in charging efficiency or posing a safety hazard, the charging device will decide to enter a reduced-power charging mode. After making this decision, the charging device will generate a reduced-power message and send it to the device being charged via wireless communication (such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Direct, NFC, etc.). This message typically includes the reason for the reduced power, a suggested charging power level, or other relevant parameters.

[0223] For example, suppose a metal object falls between the charging pad and the phone. Upon detecting this foreign object, the charging pad decides to reduce charging power to prevent overheating or damage. Therefore, the charging pad sends a power reduction message to the smartphone via Bluetooth.

[0224] In step S102, the target charging power of the device being charged is determined based on the power reduction information.

[0225] In this embodiment, after receiving the power reduction information, the device being charged parses the information to understand the new charging power suggested by the charging device. Based on this suggestion, the charging management system of the device being charged calculates a target charging power, taking into account its battery status, current charge level, and charging needs. This target charging power ensures both charging safety and, as far as possible, meets the requirements for charging efficiency.

[0226] In step S103, the charging power of the device being charged is reduced to the target charging power before charging is performed.

[0227] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a target charging power is determined, and the device being charged adjusts its internal charging control circuitry to reduce the current and voltage received from the charging device, thereby reducing the charging power. This process is typically automatic, resulting in a slower charging speed, but protecting the device's safety and battery life.

[0228] The method described above involves a charging device outputting a pulse test voltage to its transmitting coil. If the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass conditions, a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor. At least based on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage, it is determined whether to enter reduced-power charging. If reduced-power charging is entered, reduced-power information is sent to the device being charged. The device being charged receives the reduced-power information sent by the charging device and determines its target charging power based on this information. Charging is then performed after reducing the charging power to the target charging power. This method can reduce the charging power when there are foreign objects between the charging device and the device being charged, preventing the foreign object from overheating and damaging the mobile terminal or wireless charger. This improves the safety of wireless charging.

[0229] In some embodiments, the power reduction information includes a preset quality factor, and determining the target charging power of the device being charged based on the power reduction information includes:

[0230] Obtain the target quality factor;

[0231] Since the device being charged certainly has network connectivity, it can obtain the target quality factor via methods such as OTA (Over-the-Air Technology). Alternatively, it can obtain the target quality factor through system updates. This is not a limitation.

[0232] Based on the target quality factor and the preset quality factor, a modified quality factor is sent to the charging device so that the charging device can determine whether to stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil based on the modified quality factor. If it does not stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil, a transmission quality factor is sent to the device being charged.

[0233] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the target quality factor can be compared with the preset quality factor. If the target quality factor is different from the preset quality factor, it can be determined that there is a foreign object and the transmission quality factor needs to be adjusted.

[0234] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the device being charged can directly send a target quality factor as a modified quality factor to the charging device. The charging device then determines whether the current transmission quality factor matches the received target quality factor. If they match, charging can continue, and the device can continue to interact to determine whether power reduction charging is necessary. For example, if the transmission quality factor is greater than the received target quality factor, charging can continue; if the transmission quality factor is less than or equal to the received target quality factor, charging can be stopped for protection.

[0235] In another implementation, the device being charged can send the difference between the target quality factor and a preset quality factor as a modified quality factor to the charging device. The charging device then uses the modified quality factor and the preset quality factor to deduce the target quality factor, and then checks whether the current transmission quality factor matches the received target quality factor. If they match, charging can continue, and the system can continue to interact to determine whether power reduction is needed. For example, if the transmission quality factor is greater than the received target quality factor, charging can continue; if the transmission quality factor is less than or equal to the received target quality factor, charging can be stopped for protection.

[0236] If the transmission quality factor sent by the charging device is received, then a first target power threshold is determined from the first preset power threshold based on the transmission quality factor.

[0237] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a plurality of first preset power thresholds are pre-configured, and each first preset power threshold can correspond to one or more transmission quality factors. Therefore, a first target power threshold can be determined from the plurality of first preset power thresholds based on the received transmission quality factors, through methods such as mapping relationships or table lookups.

[0238] The preset charging power corresponding to the first target power threshold is determined as the target charging power of the device being charged.

[0239] In this embodiment of the disclosure, each first preset power threshold is set with a preset charging power. Therefore, after the target power threshold is determined, the preset charging power can be determined as the target charging power, thereby realizing power reduction charging.

[0240] In this embodiment of the disclosure, to provide accuracy, the transmission quality factor sent by the charging device can be received multiple times. If multiple transmission quality factors consecutively determine the same preset first power threshold as the target power threshold multiple times, and the number of times reaches a preset number, such as 5 times, then the preset charging power corresponding to the first target power threshold is determined as the target charging power of the charging device.

[0241] In some embodiments, the power reduction information includes a power loss value, and determining the target charging power of the device being charged based on the power reduction information includes:

[0242] Based on the power loss value, a second target power threshold is determined from a second preset power threshold.

[0243] Specifically, when a foreign object exists between the transmitting coil of the charging device and the receiving coil of the device being charged, the charging device will detect a power transmission loss. This power loss value reflects the reduction in energy transmission efficiency caused by the presence of the foreign object. The charging device will include this power loss value in the power reduction information and send it to the device being charged.

[0244] In this embodiment of the disclosure, after receiving the power reduction information, the device being charged extracts the power loss value from it. Then, based on this power loss value, the device searches for or calculates a suitable second target power threshold from a series of preset power thresholds (which are used to adjust the charging power under different loss conditions). This second target power threshold is the upper limit of power that the device believes can be used safely and effectively for charging after taking power loss into account.

[0245] The preset charging power corresponding to the second target power threshold is determined as the target charging power of the device being charged.

[0246] In this embodiment of the disclosure, after determining the second target power threshold, the device being charged will look up the preset charging power corresponding to this threshold. This preset charging power is determined during the device design and testing phase to ensure safe and efficient charging under different power loss conditions. Finally, this preset charging power will be determined as the target charging power for the device being charged.

[0247] For example, different thresholds Ploss_th can be set. When the power loss value Ploss meets Ploss_th1 (Ploss is greater than Ploss_th1, Ploss is less than or equal to Ploss_th2), the power is reduced to 40W. When the power loss value Ploss meets Ploss_th2 (Ploss is greater than Ploss_th2, Ploss is less than or equal to Ploss_th3), the power is reduced to 30W, and so on. Finally, when the power loss value Ploss meets Ploss_thn (Ploss is greater than Ploss_thn), wireless charging transmission stops. This tiered power reduction measure achieves power reduction to ensure that the amount of metal foreign objects does not exceed the limit.

[0248] In some embodiments, before determining the preset charging power corresponding to the second target power threshold as the target charging power of the device being charged, the following steps are included:

[0249] Determine the second number of times the same second preset power threshold is continuously used as the second target power threshold;

[0250] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when there is a foreign object between the transmitting coil of the charging device and the receiving coil of the charged device, resulting in the need for reduced charging power, the second preset power threshold selected each time is recorded. If the power needs to be reduced multiple times due to the influence of foreign objects, and the same second preset power threshold is selected as the reference for power reduction multiple times, a count is started to record the number of times this specific second preset power threshold is continuously selected as the second target power threshold. This count is the "second count".

[0251] Determine the preset trigger count corresponding to the second preset power threshold.

[0252] In this embodiment of the disclosure, there is a preset number of triggers for each second preset power threshold. This number of triggers is a threshold; when the aforementioned "second number" reaches or exceeds this number of triggers, it means that the foreign object problem may be more serious or persistent, requiring the system to take further measures. In this case, specific operations are performed, such as issuing a warning, further reducing the charging power, or stopping charging to ensure safety.

[0253] In some embodiments, the power loss value is calculated in the following manner:

[0254] The power loss value is determined based on the input power, the first power loss, the output power, and the second power loss.

[0255] Wherein, the input power is the power input to the transmitting coil of the charging device, the first loss power is the self-loss power of the charging device, the output power is the output power of the device being charged, and the second loss power is the self-loss power of the device being charged.

[0256] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the power loss value Ploss can be determined by the following formula: Ploss=(Pin—Ptx_loss)-(Pout+Prx_loss) loss )

[0257] Wherein, Pin is the input power to the wireless charging section (transmitting coil) of the charging device, Ptx_loss is the power loss of the wireless charging section of the charging device, Pout is the output power of the device being charged (receiving coil), and Prx_loss is the power loss of the wireless charging section of the device being charged.

[0258] This disclosure also provides a charging device, as shown in FIG11, including a first output module 110, a second output module 120, a first determination module 130, and a transmission module 140.

[0259] The first output module 110 is configured to output a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device.

[0260] The second output module 120 is configured to output a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor if the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass conditions.

[0261] The first determining module 130 is configured to determine whether to enter reduced-power charging based at least on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage.

[0262] The sending module 140 is configured to send power reduction information to the device being charged if the power reduction charging is initiated, so that the device being charged reduces the charging power according to the power reduction information.

[0263] In some embodiments, the second output module 120 is configured to:

[0264] Before outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor if the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition, it is determined whether to enter the first stop charging state corresponding to the first stop charging condition based on the index change value and the first stop charging condition. The index change value is the change value of a specified index after applying the pulse test voltage and waiting for a preset time after applying the pulse test voltage.

[0265] If it is determined that the first charging stop state will not be entered, then the first charging condition is determined based on the change value of the indicator.

[0266] If the first charging condition is met, then the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage is determined to meet the test pass condition.

[0267] In some embodiments, the second output module 120 is configured to:

[0268] If the pulse test voltage is stopped, determine whether it is in the first stop charging state corresponding to the first stop charging condition;

[0269] If it is not in the first charging stop state, then based on the indicator change value and the first charging stop condition, it is determined whether to enter the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition.

[0270] In some embodiments, the second output module 120 is configured to:

[0271] If the device is in the first charging stop state, then determine whether to remove the first charging stop state based on the change value of the transmitting coil's index and the preset removal conditions.

[0272] If the first charging stop state is removed, then the step of determining whether the first charging condition is met based on the change value of the indicator is executed;

[0273] If the first charging stop state is not removed, then the step of outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device is performed.

[0274] In some embodiments, the second output module 120 is configured to:

[0275] If the first charging condition is not met, determine the first number of times to output the pulse test voltage;

[0276] Based on the first number of times, determine whether the second charging condition is met;

[0277] If the second charging condition is met, then the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage is determined to meet the test pass condition.

[0278] In some embodiments, the second output module 120 is further configured to:

[0279] If the second charging condition is not met, the supply of charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil is stopped.

[0280] In some embodiments, the second output module 120 is further configured to:

[0281] If it is determined that the charging device has entered the first charging stop state, then the charging device is controlled to enter the first charging stop state, and the step of outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device is executed.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0283] Determine the time difference between a preset first measurement voltage and a preset second measurement voltage, wherein the preset first measurement voltage and the preset second measurement voltage are the voltages in the decay waveform corresponding to the magnetic field formed by the charging test voltage;

[0284] The transmission quality factor is determined based on the preset first measurement voltage, the preset second measurement voltage, the time difference, and the period of the charging test voltage.

[0285] Based on the transmission quality factor, the preset quality factor, and the factor threshold, it is determined whether to enter the power reduction charging phase.

[0286] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0287] The quality factor difference is determined based on the transmission quality factor and the preset quality factor.

[0288] Based on the relationship between the quality factor difference and the factor threshold, it is determined whether to enter the reduced power charging phase.

[0289] In some embodiments, the factor threshold includes a first sub-factor threshold; the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0290] Determine whether the quality factor difference is greater than the first sub-factor threshold;

[0291] If the difference in quality factors is greater than the first sub-factor threshold, then it is determined that the second charging stop state corresponding to the second charging stop condition is entered, and the charging voltage is stopped from being supplied to the device being charged through the transmitting coil.

[0292] In some embodiments, the factor threshold includes a second sub-factor threshold, the first sub-factor threshold being greater than the second sub-factor threshold, and the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0293] If the quality factor difference is less than or equal to the first sub-factor threshold, then it is determined whether the charging is in the second stop state.

[0294] If the charging is in the second stopped state, then determine whether the quality factor difference is less than the second sub-factor threshold.

[0295] If the difference in quality factor is less than the second sub-factor threshold, the second stop-charging state is removed, and the process is determined to enter the reduced-power charging state.

[0296] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0297] If the quality factor difference is greater than or equal to the second sub-factor threshold, then the system remains in the second stop-charging state and executes the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor.

[0298] In some embodiments, the factor threshold includes a third sub-factor threshold, the first sub-factor threshold being greater than the third sub-factor threshold, and the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0299] If it is not in the second stopped charging state, then determine whether the quality factor difference is greater than the third sub-factor threshold.

[0300] If the quality factor difference is greater than the third sub-factor threshold, a test signal is sent to the device being charged, and the power reduction charging is determined based on whether feedback information is received. The feedback information is the information sent by the device being charged in response to the test signal.

[0301] If the quality factor difference is less than or equal to the third factor threshold, it is determined whether the pulse test information is in a stopped charging state where the test pass condition is not met.

[0302] Whether to enter the reduced-power charging phase depends on whether feedback information is received. The feedback information is the information sent by the device being charged in response to the test signal.

[0303] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0304] If the feedback information is received, it is determined that the power reduction charging will proceed.

[0305] If the feedback information is not received, then the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor is performed.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0307] The voltage parameters are determined based on the preset first measurement and the preset second measurement voltage;

[0308] The quality factor is determined based on the voltage parameters and the period.

[0309] The transmission quality factor is determined based on the quality sub-factor and the time difference.

[0310] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0311] If it is determined to enter the reduced-power charging based on the transmission quality factor, then it is determined whether to enter the reduced-power charging based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage, the reference charging current, and the current threshold.

[0312] In some embodiments, the first determining module 1300 is configured to:

[0313] The current difference is determined based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage and the reference charging current.

[0314] Based on the relationship between the current difference and the current threshold, it is determined whether to enter the reduced-power charging phase.

[0315] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0316] Determine whether the current difference is greater than the first sub-current threshold;

[0317] If the current difference is greater than the first sub-current threshold, then it is determined that the third charging stop state corresponding to the third charging stop condition is entered, and the charging voltage is stopped from being supplied to the charging device through the transmitting coil.

[0318] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0319] If the current difference is less than or equal to the first sub-current threshold, then it is determined whether the third charging stop state is in effect.

[0320] If the third charging stop state is in effect, then determine whether the current difference is less than the second sub-current threshold.

[0321] If the current difference is less than the second sub-current threshold, the third charging stop state is removed, and the process is determined to enter the reduced-power charging state.

[0322] In some embodiments, the first determining module 130 is configured to:

[0323] If the current difference is greater than or equal to the second sub-current threshold, then the third charging stop state is maintained, and the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor is executed.

[0324] In some embodiments, the sending module 140 is further configured to:

[0325] Receive the modified quality factor sent by the device being charged;

[0326] Based on the modified quality factor and the transmission quality factor, determine whether to stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil;

[0327] If the supply of charging voltage to the device being charged is not stopped through the transmitting coil, the transmission quality factor is sent to the device being charged so that the device being charged can determine the target charging power based on the transmission quality factor.

[0328] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a charging device is also provided, as shown in FIG12, including a receiving module 210, a second determining module 220 and a reducing module 230.

[0329] The receiving module 210 is configured to receive power reduction information sent by the charging device, the power reduction information being sent by the charging device when it determines that it is entering power reduction charging.

[0330] The second determining module 220 is configured to determine the target charging power of the device being charged based on the power reduction information.

[0331] The reduction module 230 is configured to reduce the charging power of the device being charged to the target charging power before charging.

[0332] In some embodiments, the power reduction information includes a preset quality factor, and the second determining module 220 is configured to:

[0333] Obtain the target quality factor;

[0334] Based on the target quality factor and the preset quality factor, a modified quality factor is sent to the charging device so that the charging device can determine whether to stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil based on the modified quality factor. If it does not stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil, a transmission quality factor is sent to the device being charged.

[0335] If the transmission quality factor sent by the charging device is received, then a first target power threshold is determined from the first preset power threshold based on the transmission quality factor.

[0336] The preset charging power corresponding to the first target power threshold is determined as the target charging power of the device being charged.

[0337] In some embodiments, the power reduction information includes a power loss value, and the second determining module 220 is configured to:

[0338] Based on the power loss value, a second target power threshold is determined from a second preset power threshold.

[0339] The preset charging power corresponding to the second target power threshold is determined as the target charging power of the device being charged.

[0340] In some embodiments, the second determining module 220 is configured to:

[0341] Determine the second number of times the same second preset power threshold is continuously used as the second target power threshold;

[0342] Determine the preset trigger count corresponding to the second preset power threshold.

[0343] In some embodiments, the power loss value is calculated in the following manner:

[0344] The power loss value is determined based on the input power, the first power loss, the output power, and the second power loss.

[0345] Wherein, the input power is the power input to the transmitting coil of the charging device, the first loss power is the self-loss power of the charging device, the output power is the output power of the device being charged, and the second loss power is the self-loss power of the device being charged.

[0346] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0347] An electronic device is also provided according to embodiments of this disclosure, including:

[0348] processor;

[0349] Memory used to store processor-executable instructions;

[0350] The processor is configured to execute the executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the steps of any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments on the charging device side, or to implement the steps of any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments on the charging device side.

[0351] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided thereon storing computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments on the charging device side, or implement the steps of any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments on the charging device side.

[0352] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments on the charging device side, or implements the steps of any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments on the charging device side.

[0353] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer program is provided that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments on the charging device side, or to implement the steps of any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments on the charging device side.

[0354] It should be noted that the foregoing explanations of the method and apparatus embodiments also apply to the electronic devices, computer-readable storage media, computer program products and computer programs described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0355] Figure 13 is a block diagram illustrating a charging device 800 on the side of a device being charged, according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, device 800 may be a mobile phone, computer, digital broadcasting terminal, messaging transceiver, game console, tablet device, medical device, fitness equipment, personal digital assistant, or other device that supports wireless charging.

[0356] Referring to FIG13, the device 800 may include one or more of the following components: processing component 802, memory 804, power supply component 806, multimedia component 808, audio component 810, input / output interface 812, sensor component 814, and communication component 816.

[0357] Processing component 802 typically controls the overall operation of device 800, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communication, camera operation, and recording. Processing component 802 may include one or more processors 820 to execute instructions to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described above. Furthermore, processing component 802 may include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between processing component 802 and other components. For example, processing component 802 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 808 and processing component 802.

[0358] Memory 804 is configured to store various types of data to support the operation of device 800. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on device 800, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. Memory 804 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0359] Power supply component 806 provides power to various components of device 800. Power supply component 806 may include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to device 800.

[0360] Multimedia component 808 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the device 800 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touchscreen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensors may sense not only the boundaries of the touch or swipe action but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation. In some embodiments, multimedia component 808 includes a front-facing camera and / or a rear-facing camera. When the device 800 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front-facing camera and / or the rear-facing camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front-facing camera and rear-facing camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.

[0361] Audio component 810 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, audio component 810 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when device 800 is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, and voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 804 or transmitted via communication component 816. In some embodiments, audio component 810 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0362] Input / output interface 812 provides an interface between processing component 802 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, home buttons, volume buttons, power buttons, and lock buttons.

[0363] Sensor assembly 814 includes one or more sensors for providing status assessments of various aspects of device 800. For example, sensor assembly 814 may detect the on / off state of device 800, the relative positioning of components such as the display and keypad of device 800, changes in the position of device 800 or a component of device 800, the presence or absence of user contact with device 800, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of device 800, and temperature changes of device 800. Sensor assembly 814 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. Sensor assembly 814 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, sensor assembly 814 may also include an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0364] Communication component 816 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between device 800 and other devices. Device 800 can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as WiFi, 2G, or 3G, or combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 816 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 816 also includes a near-field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[0365] In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus 800 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the charging method described above.

[0366] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 804 including instructions, which can be executed by a processor 820 of the device 800 to complete the charging method described above. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.

[0367] Figure 14 is a block diagram illustrating a charging device 1900 for charging according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, device 1900 may be provided as a wireless charger. Referring to Figure 14, device 1900 includes a processing component 1922, which further includes one or more processors, and memory resources represented by memory 1932 for storing instructions executable by the processing component 1922, such as application programs. The application programs stored in memory 1932 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. Furthermore, processing component 1922 is configured to execute instructions to perform the charging method described above. Device 1900 may also include a power supply component 1926 configured to perform power management of device 1900.

[0368] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0369] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

[0370] All embodiments disclosed herein can be executed individually or in combination with other embodiments, and are all considered to be within the scope of protection claimed by this disclosure.

Claims

1. A charging method, characterized in that, Used in charging devices, including: Output a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device; Based on the fact that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition, a charging test voltage is output to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor; At least based on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage, determine whether to enter the reduced power charging phase; Based on the reduced-power charging, a reduced-power information is sent to the device being charged, so that the device being charged reduces the charging power according to the reduced-power information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor based on the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meeting the test pass condition, the process includes: Based on the indicator change value and the first charging stop condition, determine whether to enter the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition, wherein the indicator change value is the change value of a specified indicator after applying the pulse test voltage and waiting for a preset time after applying the pulse test voltage. Based on the determination that the first charging stop state will not be entered, the first charging condition is determined according to the change value of the indicator. Based on satisfying the first charging condition, it is determined that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage satisfies the test pass condition.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to enter the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition based on the indicator change value and the first charging stop condition includes: If the pulse test voltage is stopped, determine whether it is in the first stop charging state corresponding to the first stop charging condition; Based on the fact that it is not in the first charging stop state, it is determined whether to enter the first charging stop state corresponding to the first charging stop condition according to the indicator change value and the first charging stop condition.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the first charging stop state, determine whether to remove the first charging stop state according to the index change value of the transmitting coil and the preset removal conditions; Based on removing the first charging stop state, the step of determining whether the first charging condition is met based on the change value of the indicator is executed; Without removing the first charging stop state, the step of outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device is performed.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the fact that the first charging condition is not met, determine the first number of times to output the pulse test voltage; Based on the first number of times, determine whether the second charging condition is met; Based on the satisfaction of the second charging condition, it is determined that the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meets the test pass condition.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the second charging condition is not met, the supply of charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil is stopped.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the determination to enter the first charging stop state, the charging device is controlled to enter the first charging stop state, and the step of outputting a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device is executed.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to enter reduced-power charging based at least on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage includes: Determine the time difference between a preset first measurement voltage and a preset second measurement voltage, wherein the preset first measurement voltage and the preset second measurement voltage are the voltages in the decay waveform corresponding to the magnetic field formed by the charging test voltage; The transmission quality factor is determined based on the preset first measurement voltage, the preset second measurement voltage, the time difference, and the period of the charging test voltage. Based on the transmission quality factor, the preset quality factor, and the factor threshold, it is determined whether to enter the power reduction charging phase.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to enter power reduction charging based on the transmission quality factor, the preset quality factor, and the factor threshold includes: The quality factor difference is determined based on the transmission quality factor and the preset quality factor. Based on the relationship between the quality factor difference and the factor threshold, it is determined whether to enter the reduced power charging phase.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The factor threshold includes a first sub-factor threshold; The step of determining whether to enter reduced-power charging based on the relationship between the quality factor difference and the factor threshold includes: Determine whether the quality factor difference is greater than the first sub-factor threshold; Based on the fact that the difference in quality factors is greater than the first sub-factor threshold, the system determines that it is entering the second charging stop state corresponding to the second charging stop condition, and stops providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The factor threshold includes a second sub-factor threshold, and the first sub-factor threshold is greater than the second sub-factor threshold. The method further includes: Based on the quality factor difference being less than or equal to the first sub-factor threshold, it is determined whether the device is in the second charging stop state. Based on the second charging stop state, determine whether the quality factor difference is less than the second sub-factor threshold; Based on the fact that the quality factor difference is less than the second sub-factor threshold, the second charging stop state is removed, and it is determined to enter the reduced power charging state.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the quality factor difference being greater than or equal to the second sub-factor threshold, the system remains in the second charging off state and executes the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor.

13. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The factor threshold includes a third sub-factor threshold, wherein the first sub-factor threshold is greater than the third sub-factor threshold, and the method further includes: Based on the fact that it is not in the second charging stop state, determine whether the quality factor difference is greater than the third sub-factor threshold; Based on the fact that the quality factor difference is greater than the third sub-factor threshold, a test signal is sent to the device being charged, and the power reduction charging is determined based on whether feedback information is received. The feedback information is the information sent by the device being charged in response to the test signal. Based on the quality factor difference being less than or equal to the third factor threshold, it is determined whether the charging is stopped due to the pulse test information not meeting the test pass condition. If the charging is stopped due to the pulse test information not meeting the test pass condition, it is determined to enter the power reduction charging state. If the charging is not stopped due to the pulse test information not meeting the test pass condition, the step of outputting the charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor is executed.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to enter the reduced-power charging state based on whether feedback information is received includes: Based on the received feedback information, it is determined to enter the reduced-power charging phase; Based on the absence of the feedback information, the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor is performed.

15. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that, The step of determining the transmission quality factor based on the preset first measurement and voltage, the preset second measurement voltage, the time difference, and the period of the charging test voltage includes: The voltage parameters are determined based on the preset first measurement and the preset second measurement voltage; The quality factor is determined based on the voltage parameters and the period. The transmission quality factor is determined based on the quality sub-factor and the time difference.

16. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the transmission quality factor, it is determined whether to enter the reduced-power charging stage. The determination is based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage, the reference charging current, and the current threshold.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to enter the reduced-power charging state based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage, the reference charging current, and the current threshold includes: The current difference is determined based on the pulse current corresponding to the pulse test voltage and the reference charging current. Based on the relationship between the current difference and the current threshold, it is determined whether to enter the reduced-power charging phase.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The current threshold includes a first sub-current threshold. The step of determining whether to enter the reduced-power charging state based on the relationship between the current difference and the current threshold includes: Determine whether the current difference is greater than the first sub-current threshold; Based on the fact that the current difference is greater than the first sub-current threshold, it is determined that the third charging stop state corresponding to the third charging stop condition is entered, and the charging voltage is stopped from being supplied to the charging device through the transmitting coil.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The current threshold includes a second sub-current threshold, and the method further includes: Based on the current difference being less than or equal to the first sub-current threshold, it is determined whether the third charging stop state is in effect. Based on the state of being in the third charging stop state, determine whether the current difference is less than the second sub-current threshold; Based on the fact that the current difference is less than the second sub-current threshold, the third charging stop state is removed, and the process is determined to enter the reduced-power charging state.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the current difference being greater than or equal to the second sub-current threshold, the system remains in the third charging off state and performs the step of outputting a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and resonant capacitor.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive the modified quality factor sent by the device being charged; Based on the modified quality factor and the transmission quality factor, determine whether to stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil; Based on the principle of continuously providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil, the transmission quality factor is sent to the device being charged so that the device being charged can determine the target charging power according to the transmission quality factor.

22. A charging method, characterized in that, Applied to the devices being charged, including: Receive power reduction information sent by the charging device, wherein the power reduction information is sent by the charging device when it determines that it is entering power reduction charging; Based on the power reduction information, the target charging power of the device being charged is determined; The charging power of the device being charged is reduced to the target charging power before charging.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The power reduction information includes a preset quality factor, and determining the target charging power of the device being charged based on the power reduction information includes: Obtain the target quality factor; Based on the target quality factor and the preset quality factor, a modified quality factor is sent to the charging device, so that the charging device determines whether to stop providing charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil based on the modified quality factor, and sends a transmission quality factor to the device being charged based on not stopping the provision of charging voltage to the device being charged through the transmitting coil. Based on the transmission quality factor received from the charging device, a first target power threshold is determined from a first preset power threshold according to the transmission quality factor; The preset charging power corresponding to the first target power threshold is determined as the target charging power of the device being charged.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The power reduction information includes a power loss value, and determining the target charging power of the device being charged based on the power reduction information includes: Based on the power loss value, a second target power threshold is determined from a second preset power threshold. The preset charging power corresponding to the second target power threshold is determined as the target charging power of the device being charged.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, Before determining the preset charging power corresponding to the second target power threshold as the target charging power of the device being charged, the process includes: Determine the second number of times the same second preset power threshold is continuously used as the second target power threshold; Determine the preset trigger count corresponding to the second preset power threshold.

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that, The power loss value is calculated in the following way: The power loss value is determined based on the input power, the first power loss, the output power, and the second power loss. Wherein, the input power is the power input to the transmitting coil of the charging device, the first loss power is the self-loss power of the charging device, the output power is the output power of the device being charged, and the second loss power is the self-loss power of the device being charged.

27. A charging device, characterized in that, include: The first output module is configured to output a pulse test voltage to the transmitting coil of the charging device; The second output module is configured to output a charging test voltage to the transmitting coil and the resonant capacitor based on the pulse test information corresponding to the pulse test voltage meeting the test pass condition. The first determining module is configured to determine whether to enter reduced-power charging based at least on the transmission quality factor corresponding to the charging test voltage. The sending module is configured to send power reduction information to the device being charged based on the entry of the power reduction charging, so that the device being charged reduces the charging power according to the power reduction information.

28. A charging device, characterized in that, include: The receiving module is configured to receive power reduction information sent by the charging device, the power reduction information being sent by the charging device when it determines that it is entering power reduction charging. The second determining module is configured to determine the target charging power of the device being charged based on the power reduction information. The reduction module is configured to reduce the charging power of the device being charged to the target charging power before charging.

29. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, or to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 22 to 26.

30. A computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the program instructions implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, or the steps of the method according to any one of claims 22 to 26.

31. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, or implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 22 to 26.

32. A computer program, characterized in that, When it is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21, or to implement the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 22 to 26.

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