Composite for protecting natural substrates

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite comprising at least one natural substrate and at least one film layer applied thereto, wherein the at least one film layer comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer preferably has an MFI value of 0.01 to 60 g / 10 min, preferably 0.5 to 40 g / 10 min, in particular 0.55-35 g / 10 min (in each case 190°C / 2.16 kg), wherein the MFI value was determined according to DIN EN ISO 1133-1 (2022). The invention also relates to a method for coating a natural substrate with such a film layer, to a coated natural substrate obtainable by such a method, and to specific uses of the film layer and of the coated natural substrate.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Network for the protection of natural substrates

[0003] Field of invention

[0004] The invention relates to a composite comprising at least one natural substrate and at least one film layer applied thereto, a method for producing such a composite, a composite obtainable by such a method, and specific uses of such a film layer and such a composite.

[0005] State of the art

[0006] Natural or renewable substrates are used in many applications and include, for example, wood, bamboo, cork, rattan and / or fiber-based products such as fiber mats, hemp, wool, silk, linen, jute, pineapple, cacti and similar materials.

[0007] What these natural substrates have in common is that they each have a unique surface, caused, for example, by the grain of the wood.

[0008] In this context, veneers are particularly noteworthy. Veneers are typically thin sheets or panels of wood that are applied to a substrate for decorative purposes. Veneers are versatile and flexible in their applications and are of particular importance to the furniture and automotive industries.

[0009] The surfaces of natural substrates are often not resistant to UV radiation, scratches, and abrasion, so they must be protected by applying additional materials. To protect natural substrates, such as veneers, from radiation or mechanical damage, or to visually alter their appearance, the surfaces are often treated by hand with oils, lacquers, or waxes, or laminated with textiles or films.

[0010] Treating the surfaces of natural substrates, such as veneers, with lacquers, for example, often results in inconsistent coloring. Furthermore, numerous process steps, particularly lacquering or gluing, are often involved in altering the surface of the natural substrates. Additionally, the laminations or lacquers applied to natural substrates are usually not environmentally friendly or are difficult to recycle.

[0011] Description of the invention

[0012] The object of the present invention is to provide a surface coating for natural substrates and correspondingly coated natural substrates that ensures an aesthetically pleasing surface quality and a natural feel. In particular, the coated natural substrates should have a surface with a consistent color and should be as UV-, scratch-, and abrasion-resistant as possible. Furthermore, the application of such surface coatings should be as simple as possible and require as few process steps as possible. Additionally, coated natural substrates should be provided whose surface coating is environmentally friendly and / or recyclable.

[0013] The above problem is surprisingly solved by a composite according to claim 1, i.e. by a composite comprising at least one natural substrate and at least one film layer applied thereto, wherein the at least one film layer comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has an MFI value of 0.01 to 60 g / 10 min, preferably of 0.5 to 40 g / 10 min, in particular of 0.55-35 g / 10 min (each at 190 °C / 2.16 kg), preferably, wherein the MFI value was determined according to DIN EN ISO 1133-1 (2022).

[0014] Such a composite is characterized in particular by ensuring consistent color, as well as UV, scratch, and abrasion resistance on the surface of the natural substrate, and furthermore facilitating surface cleaning. In addition, such a composite offers an aesthetically pleasing surface quality and a natural feel, the natural feel being achieved primarily through the selection of polymers with a defined MFI (molecular resistance factor). These polymers, when heated, can penetrate and reproduce the natural structure of a substrate, such as the grain of wood, rather than simply covering it. Moreover, this allows for the creation of UV-, scratch-, and abrasion-resistant surfaces with consistent color on coated natural substrates.Furthermore, coating natural substrates with the corresponding film layers is particularly simple and can be carried out with just a few process steps, thereby eliminating the need for painting and bonding. In addition, the composite can be recycled and manufactured from environmentally friendly materials.

[0015] It is particularly advantageous that the film layer can be supplied as a sheet. This allows for the provision of a coated natural substrate that has a uniform color throughout. Pieces can then be cut from this sheet and bonded to a natural substrate. Furthermore, the film layer, supplied as a sheet, can be laminated over a large area with the natural substrate, which then undergoes further processing steps such as die-cutting, forming, and injection molding. This represents a significant advantage compared to conventional processes where, for example, each component must be individually painted.

[0016] Furthermore, depending on the complexity of the natural substrate, lamination with the film layer can achieve greater automation of the process, compared to, for example, grinding processes, which may still have to be carried out manually if component surfaces are too small or too complex for a machine solution.

[0017] Furthermore, it is advantageous that a laminated film layer, unlike a painted layer, can also be removed relatively easily from a substrate.

[0018] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0019] Numerous specific details are discussed below to enable a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. However, it is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the subject matter can also be practiced and replicated without these specific details.

[0020] All features of one embodiment can be combined with features of another embodiment if the features of the different embodiments are compatible.

[0021] The terminology used in the description of this disclosure serves only to describe certain embodiments and is not to be understood as limiting the subject matter. As used in this description and the claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are to be understood as including the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The reverse is also true; that is, the plural forms include the singular forms. It is also understood that the term "and / or", as used herein, refers to and includes all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements.

[0022] It is further understood that the terms "include", "include", "comprise" and / or "comprehensive", when used in the present description and the claims, specify the presence of the specified features, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0023] In the present description and claims, the terms "includes", "comprises" and / or "comprising" may also mean "consisting of", i.e., the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups is excluded.

[0024] The composite according to the invention comprises at least one natural substrate and at least one film layer applied thereto.

[0025] The natural substrate is preferably a substrate comprising or consisting of a naturally occurring material or raw material, preferably a renewable raw material.

[0026] Natural substrates include wood, bamboo, cork, rattan and / or fiber-based products such as fiber mats, including hemp, wool, silk, linen, jute, pineapple, cacti and similar materials.

[0027] In particular, the natural substrate includes, for example, veneers, i.e., thin wooden panels or sheets that can be applied to a backing material for decorative purposes.

[0028] The at least one film layer is preferably a plastic film comprising, based on or consisting of at least one polymer.

[0029] Preferably, the at least one film layer is applied directly or immediately to the natural substrate, in particular to at least one surface of the natural substrate, so that no further layers are applied or present between the natural substrate and the film layer.

[0030] The film layer itself is preferably composed of a single layer, but can also represent a composite of more than one layer, in particular several film layers.

[0031] In one embodiment, the composite is characterized in that at least one layer of lacquer, comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer, is applied directly or indirectly.

[0032] Preferably, the at least one layer of lacquer is applied directly or immediately to the at least one layer of foil, so that no further layers are applied or present between the two layers mentioned.

[0033] In other embodiments, further layers may be present between the at least one lacquer layer and the at least one film layer. For example, at least one primer layer may be present, which improves the adhesion between the at least one lacquer layer and the at least one film layer.

[0034] The at least one coating layer is preferably a water-based or solvent-based coating layer.

[0035] The lacquer layer can preferably be cured by heat, drying and / or irradiation.

[0036] It is also possible that there are several layers of paint on top of the foil layer.

[0037] The at least one film layer and, if present, the at least one lacquer layer each comprise at least one thermoplastic polymer.

[0038] The at least one polymer in each case can be the same or different. Thermoplastic polymers are known to those skilled in the art as polymers that soften when heated and harden when cooled, and which can be deformed within a certain temperature range.

[0039] The at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has an MFI value of 0.01 to 60 g / 10 min, preferably of 0.5 to 40 g / 10 min, in particular of 0.55-35 g / 10 min (each at 190 °C / 2.16 kg), wherein the MFI value is in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133-1 (2022).

[0040] This applies analogously to the thermoplastic polymers of a possible coating layer.

[0041] The melt flow index (MFI) is used to characterize the flow behavior (molding compound testing) of a thermoplastic under specific pressure and temperature conditions.

[0042] Thermoplastic polymers with MFI values, as defined above, have the advantage that they can flow into the natural surface of a substrate, allowing it to remain visible even after coating with the film layer. This is particularly advantageous for wood substrates, such as veneers, as it ensures that the natural grain of the wood remains recognizable even after coating.

[0043] Preferably, the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer is selected from a group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, cellulose-based polymers, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl butyrales, lignin-based polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyacrylates, polybutylene succinates, polylactoses, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyisosorbates and polybutylene adipate terephthalates and / or their blends and copolymers.

[0044] In particular, the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer is selected from polyurethanes, polyesters, cellulose-based polymers, especially those based on fossil and renewable resources and / or their blends and copolymers.

[0045] Preferably, the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one coating layer is selected from a group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, cellulose-based polymers, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl butyrales, lignin-based polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyacrylates, polybutylene succinates, polylactoses, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyisosorbates and polybutylene adipate terephthalates and / or their blends and copolymers.

[0046] In particular, this is at least one thermoplastic polymer of at least one coating layer selected from polyurethanes, polyacrylates and / or their blends and copolymers.

[0047] The thermoplastic polymers of at least one film layer, or of a possible paint layer, can also be in cross-linked form.

[0048] Preferably, the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has a hardness in the range of Shore A 30 to Shore D 80, the hardness being determined according to DIN 7619-1 (2012). In particular, the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has a hardness in the range of Shore A 30 to Shore D 80.

[0049] Preferably, the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has a melting range of 50 °C to 280 °C, preferably 80 °C to 210 °C.

[0050] The melting range is determined using DSC according to DIN 51007 (2019).

[0051] A film layer containing a polymer with such a melting range has the advantage that the film layer can be applied to the substrate in a heated state and, after cooling, develops sufficient adhesion to the natural substrate to bond firmly to it. Preferably, no additional adhesive is used, and the substrate is not damaged in the process.

[0052] Preferably, the at least one film layer comprises at least one additive.

[0053] Preferably, the at least one coating layer comprises at least one additive.

[0054] The additive(s) contained in each product can be the same or different.

[0055] Regardless of the specific layer, at least one additive is selected from a group consisting of fillers, lubricants, crosslinkers, thickeners, leveling agents, light protection additives, process and heat stabilizers, pigments, dyes and / or process aids, preferably light protection additives and pigments.

[0056] Preferably, the light-protective additives comprise sterically hindered amines, such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine derivatives, for example bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl sebacate), physical absorbers, in particular metal oxides, for example titanium oxide, iron oxides and / or zinc oxide, and / or UV absorbers, in particular organic UV absorbers, such as oxalanilidenes, hydroxybenzophenones, (2-hydroxyphenyl)-s-triazines and / or 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazoles, in particular 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(2-phenyl-2-propanyl)phenol and / or 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-butylphenol.

[0057] The light-protective additives are preferably present in an amount of 0.1 to 6 wt.%, based on the total weight of the respective layer. Preferably, the light-protective additives absorb light in a

[0058] Wavelength range from 100 nm to 500 nm, especially 250 nm to 400 nm light.

[0059] To determine the absorption, the light-protective additives are dissolved in a suitable solvent, e.g. chloroform, and a UV-Vis spectrum is recorded from which the respective values ​​can be determined.

[0060] Preferably, the process and heat stabilizers comprise phenolic antioxidants, HALS (hindered amine stabilizers) and / or phosphites.

[0061] Preferably, the pigments comprise dark pigments, especially soot.

[0062] The pigments are preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the respective layer.

[0063] Preferably, the pigments absorb light in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, in particular 400 nm to 650 nm.

[0064] The absorption of the pigments was determined by incorporating them into a suitable film and then recording a UV-Vis spectrum of the pigmented film. By comparing this spectrum with that of a corresponding non-pigmented film, the absorption of the pigment could be determined.

[0065] Preferably, the process aids comprise substances such as acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate copolymers and / or styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one coating layer comprises pigments, such as dark pigments, for example carbon black, light stabilizers, such as sterically hindered amines, or UV absorbers that absorb light in a wavelength range of 250 nm to 400 nm, and / or physical filters, such as metal oxides, for example titanium oxides, iron oxides or zinc oxide.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one lacquer layer comprises pigments, wherein the pigments absorb light in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, in particular from 400 nm to 650 nm.

[0068] The absorption of the pigments was determined by incorporating them into a suitable lacquer layer and then recording a UV-Vis spectrum of the pigmented lacquer layer. By comparing this spectrum with that of a corresponding unpigmented lacquer layer, the absorption of the pigment could be determined.

[0069] Such a layer of lacquer has the advantage of protecting a potential substrate from UV radiation and thus from discoloration.

[0070] The at least one coating layer can be transparent, translucent or pigmented (in particular 0.1 to 10 wt.% pigment).

[0071] Preferably, the at least one film layer has a thickness of 10 pm to 1000 pm, in particular of 50 pm to 500 pm.

[0072] If a lacquer layer is present on the foil layer, or if several foil layers are present, it is preferred that the total thickness is from 10 pm to 1000 pm, in particular from 50 pm to 500 pm.

[0073] Such thicknesses have the advantage that the surface structure of the natural substrate remains perceptible to the touch and / or eye.

[0074] Preferably, the film layer has a transmission of 0 to 5% in a wavelength range of 200 nm to 380 nm, the transmission being determined according to DIN EN ISO 13468-2: 2022-04. Preferably, the film layer has a transmission of 0 to 50% in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 400 nm, the transmission being determined according to DIN EN ISO 13468-2: 2022-04.

[0075] Preferably, the film layer has a transmission of 10 to 98% in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, the transmission being determined according to DIN EN ISO 13468-2:2022-04.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the film layer has a transmission of 0 to 5% in a wavelength range of 200 nm to 380 nm, and / or the film layer has a transmission of 0 to 50% in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 400 nm, and / or the film layer has a transmission of 10 to 98% in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, wherein the transmission was determined according to DIN EN ISO 13468-2:2022-04.

[0077] In a further preferred embodiment, the film layer has a transmission of 0 to 5% in a wavelength range of 200 nm to 380 nm, and / or the film layer has a transmission of 0 to 50% in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 400 nm, and / or the film layer has a transmission of 10 to 98% in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, wherein the transmission was determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13468-2:2022-04.

[0078] In particular, the present invention relates to a composite comprising at least one film layer and optionally at least one lacquer layer applied thereto, wherein the at least one film layer and the at least one lacquer layer each comprise at least one thermoplastic polymer, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has an MFI value of 0.01 to 60 g / 10 min, preferably of 0.5 to 40 g / 10 min, in particular of 0.55 to 35 g / 10 min (each at 190 °C / 2.16 kg), wherein the MFI value was determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133-1 (2022), wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has a melting range of 50 °C to 280 °C, preferably 80 °C to 210 °C, wherein the melting range was determined by DSC in accordance with DIN 51007 (2019), and wherein the film layer has a thickness of 10 pm to 1000 pm. preferably from 50 pm to 500 pm.

[0079] In particular, the present invention relates to a composite comprising at least one film layer and optionally at least one lacquer layer applied directly thereto, wherein the at least one film layer and the at least one lacquer layer each comprise at least one thermoplastic polymer, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has an MFI value of 0.01 to 60 g / 10 min, preferably of 0.5 to 40 g / 10 min, in particular of 0.55 to 35 g / 10 min (each at 190 °C / 2.16 kg), wherein the MFI value was determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133-1 (2022), wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has a melting range of 50 °C to 280 °C, preferably 80 °C to 210 °C, wherein the melting range was determined by DSC in accordance with DIN 51007 (2019), wherein the film layer has a thickness of 10 pm to 1000 pm. preferably from 50 pm to 500 pm,wherein the foil layer and / or the optional varnish layer has a transmission of 0 to 5% in a wavelength range of 200 nm to 380 nm, wherein the foil layer and / or the optional varnish layer has a transmission of 0 to 50% in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 400 nm, and / or wherein the foil layer and / or the optional varnish layer has a transmission of 10 to 98% in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, the transmission being determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13468-2:2022-04.

[0080] The foil layer for use in the composite according to the invention is preferably available in roll form.

[0081] The described composite is preferably characterized by the fact that at least one surface of the natural substrate is in direct contact with the at least one film layer, in particular there is no (additional) adhesive between the at least one surface of the natural substrate and the at least one film layer.

[0082] The present invention further relates to a method for producing a composite according to the invention as described above, wherein the at least one film layer is applied to at least one surface of the natural substrate at a temperature of 50 °C to 280 °C, preferably 80 °C to 210 °C.

[0083] This means in particular that the at least one film layer is heated to a temperature of 50 °C to 280 °C, preferably 80 °C to 210 °C.

[0084] Preferably, a temperature is chosen that lies within the melting range of the at least one polymer contained in the at least one film layer, so that this polymer softens upon heating and, after cooling, ensures a firm bond with the surface of the natural substrate.

[0085] This method has the advantage that no additional adhesive needs to be applied to the substrate to bond it with a coating.

[0086] Furthermore, it is advantageous that normally necessary process steps, such as preparing the paint, applying the paint, drying, sanding, and applying clear coat, are eliminated. Additionally, natural substrates can be coated over large areas and subsequently shaped as desired.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, there is no (additional) adhesive or adhesive layer between the natural substrate and the film layer applied directly to it.

[0088] All definitions and embodiments described above apply analogously to the process for manufacturing the composite.

[0089] The present invention also relates to a composite obtainable by the method described above.

[0090] All definitions and embodiments described above for the process apply analogously to the composite obtained in this way.

[0091] The present invention further relates to the use of a film layer comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has an MFI value of 0.01 to 60 g / 10 min, preferably 0.5 to 40 g / 10 min, in particular 0.55-35 g / 10 min (each at 190 °C / 2.16 kg), preferably, wherein the MFI value was determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133-1 (2022) as a protective and / or decorative film for a natural substrate, in particular in furniture, windows, doors, walls, facades and floors for indoor and outdoor applications and / or in the automotive sector, in particular in the interior.

[0092] All definitions and embodiments described for the composite apply analogously to the use of the film layer according to the invention.

[0093] The present invention also relates to the use of a composite mentioned above or of a composite obtainable by the described method in furniture, windows, doors, walls, floors and / or in furniture, windows, doors, walls, facades and floors for indoor and outdoor applications and / or in the automotive sector, in particular in the interior.

[0094] All definitions and embodiments described for the composite apply analogously to the use of the composite according to the invention.

[0095] The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to some non-limiting examples.

[0096] Examples

[0097] A TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) based film layer was produced with 0.5 wt% UV stabilizer and without UV stabilizer and laminated onto a wood veneer.

[0098] Subsequently, the samples, together with an analogous wood veneer not laminated with foil, were subjected to artificial exposure in accordance with DIN EN ISO 105 B06:2020 and evaluated.

[0099] The wood veneer coated with the film containing UV stabilizers exhibits the most advantageous properties.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Composite comprising at least one natural substrate and at least one film layer applied thereto, wherein the at least one film layer comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has an MFI value of 0.01 to 60 g / 10 min, preferably of 0.5 to 40 g / 10 min, in particular of 0.55-35 g / 10 min (each at 190 °C / 2.16 kg), preferably, wherein the MFI value was determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133-1 (2022).

2. Composite according to claim 1, wherein at least one layer of lacquer, comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer, is applied directly or indirectly to the at least one film layer.

3. Composite according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer is selected from a group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, cellulose-based polymers, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl butyrales, lignin-based polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyacrylates, polybutylene succinates, polylactoses, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyisosorbates and polybutylene adipate terephthalates and / or their blends and copolymers, in particular polyurethanes, polyesters, cellulose-based polymers and / or their blends and copolymers.

4. Composite according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one coating layer is selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, cellulose-based polymers, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl butyrales, lignin-based polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyacrylates, polybutylene succinates, polylactoses, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyisosorbates and polybutylene adipate terephthalates and / or blends thereof. and copolymers, in particular polyurethanes, polyacrylates and / or their blends and copolymers.

5. Composite according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has a hardness in the range of Shore A30 to Shore D80, wherein the hardness was determined according to DIN ISO 7619-1 (3 see).

6. Composite according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has a melting range of 50 °C to 280 °C, preferably 80 °C to 210 °C, wherein the melting range was determined by DSC according to DIN 51007 (2019).

7. Composite according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one film layer comprises at least one additive, preferably pigments such as dark pigments, for example carbon black, light stabilizers such as sterically hindered amines, or UV absorbers that absorb light in a wavelength range of 250 nm to 400 nm, and / or physical filters such as metal oxides, for example titanium oxides, iron oxides and / or zinc oxide.

8. Composite according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one film layer contains pigments, wherein the pigments absorb light in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, in particular from 400 nm to 650 nm.

9. Composite according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the film layer has a thickness of 10 pm to 1000 pm, in particular of 50 pm to 500 pm.

10. Composite according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the film layer has a transmission of 0 to 15% in a wavelength range of 200 nm to 380 nm, and / or wherein the film layer has a transmission of 0 to 90% in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 400 nm, and / or wherein the film layer has a transmission of 10 to 98% in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, wherein the transmission was determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13468-2 (2022).

11. Method for producing a composite according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the at least one film layer is applied to at least one surface of the natural substrate at a temperature of 50 °C to 280 °C, preferably 80 °C to 210 °C.

12. Compound obtainable by the method according to claim 11.

13. Use of a film layer comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer, wherein the at least one thermoplastic polymer of the at least one film layer has an MFI value of 0.01 to 60 g / 10 min, preferably 0.5 to 40 g / 10 min, in particular 0.55-35 (each 190 °C / 2.16 kg), preferably, wherein the MFI value was determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133-1 (2022) as a protective and / or decorative film for a natural substrate, in particular in furniture, windows, doors, walls, facades and floors for indoor and outdoor applications and / or in the automotive sector, in particular in the interior.

14. Use of the composite according to claim 1 to 10 or claim 12 in furniture, windows, doors, walls, facades and floors for indoor and outdoor applications, and / or in the automotive sector, in particular in the interior.

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