Window climate control unit

Abstract

The invention relates to building and is applicable in the construction and renovation of buildings situated in various climatic regions. A window climate control unit comprises a housing with outside and inside openings which is mounted in a window aperture with window sashes. The outside and inside surfaces of the housing have decorative grilles mounted thereon, and arranged within the housing are longitudinal and transverse partitions having openings with damper valves, said partitions dividing the housing into compartments in which are mounted detachable filters for coarse and fine filtration, a fan, germicidal lamps, ozone generators, a heater, humidifiers, and a recuperative heat exchanger, as well as the following interconnected air conditioner components: a compressor, a condenser with a fan, and an evaporator with a fan. The unit further comprises modules for measuring and setting parameters of the microclimate inside a room, outputs of which are connected via a computer to the ozone generators, the heater, the humidifiers, the air conditioner and the recuperative heat exchanger. The invention can be used to create comfortable microclimate conditions inside a room all year round.

Description

[0001] WINDOW AIR CONDITIONING UNIT

[0002] The claimed invention relates to construction and is intended for use in the construction and reconstruction of civil buildings located in various climatic regions.

[0003] To ensure comfortable indoor climate conditions in residential buildings, energy-efficient double-glazed windows are currently the primary choice. Typically, such a window consists of a window unit consisting of parallel, spaced panes of glass, secured within a rectangular frame equipped with sealing elements (USSR Certificate of Approval No. 487224, IPC E06B 5 / 20). This type of window provides good thermal insulation, which is essential in cool weather and prevents the room from becoming overcooled. It also provides sound insulation and prevents dust from entering the room. A disadvantage of this type of window is the lack of a ventilation system, which would ensure effective air exchange while minimizing heat loss during ventilation in cool weather. Furthermore, it is impossible to ensure comfort in hot weather, as the window's heat loss is reduced.When the window is closed, it becomes stuffy, and when the window is opened, hot and dusty air from the street enters the room, and noise also penetrates the room.

[0004] Recently, compact recuperators, either wall-mounted units or recessed tubular units, have been used to ventilate rooms without opening windows and to minimize heat loss during cold and cool weather. The VL-100 EUS-E Mitsubishi Electric air handling unit (On Climate, St. Petersburg) is a well-known example. It provides silent air renewal while heating the outside air and cooling the warm exhaust air using a recuperator. The unit utilizes a Lossnay heat exchanger, made of ultra-thin paper with a special impregnation. Corrugated layers are bonded perpendicularly to each other, forming channels for the supply and exhaust air. Heat exchange occurs between the air flows through the heat exchanger walls, as well as the diffusion of water vapor from more humid to less humid air.

[0005] Using a recuperator allows you to save heat in a heated space when ventilating it in cold weather. However, in cool weather during the off-season, when apartments are not yet heated, the recuperator is ineffective and does not provide the necessary heating of the outside air entering the room. In hot weather, the recuperator also does not create comfortable indoor conditions, as it draws warm air into the room, often at a higher temperature than the indoor air, leading to excessive temperature increases.

[0006] It should also be noted that a common drawback of compact recuperators is the need to drill holes in the building's main (external) wall, which is typically made of solid building materials (reinforced concrete, brick) and is 400 to 600 mm or more thick. Drilling such holes disrupts the aesthetic integrity of the apartment building's wall finish and also compromises living comfort during recuperator installation.

[0007] To create comfortable indoor conditions in hot weather, air conditioners are typically split-system units, consisting of an indoor and outdoor unit connected by a duct in the wall. Their disadvantages, like those of compact heat recovery units, include the need to drill holes in the building's main (external) wall. Drilling such holes and installing different types of split-system outdoor units on the exterior wall of an apartment building requires prior approval from the building's operator, disrupts the aesthetic integrity of the building's wall finish, and compromises the comfort of living during air conditioning installation.

[0008] The window chosen as a prototype according to the invention patent RU 2787510 C1, which is the closest in technical essence to the claimed device, is also not without its shortcomings. The said window comprises a window frame with glazed sashes and a ventilation chamber in the form of a box having an opening to the outside at one end, wherein an air filter and an electric fan are installed inside the box, characterized in that the box is located inside and along the lower hollow horizontal profile of the window frame, its opening to the outside is aligned with a corresponding opening in the outer surface of the window frame profile, and at the other end of the box there is an opening directed inward, aligned with a corresponding opening in the inner surface of the window frame profile, and a heat exchanger (recuperator) is located inside the box.

[0009] A disadvantage of the prototype is the inability to ensure a comfortable microclimate in the room when external weather conditions change over a wide range.

[0010] The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawback of the prototype, namely, to ensure comfortable microclimatic conditions in the room under a wide range of changes in external conditions and to control the microclimate in the room.

[0011] Said objective is achieved by the fact that longitudinal and transverse partitions with openings separating the box into compartments are installed inside the box, the openings in the walls of the box and the partitions are provided with dampers, there are coarse and fine filters, a fan, bactericidal lamps, ozonizers, a heater, humidifiers, a heat exchanger-recuperator, a compressor, a condenser with a fan and an evaporator with a fan connected to each other that are part of the air conditioner, and in the first compartment, located between the corresponding openings in the outer and inner walls of the box, bactericidal lamps, a coarse filter, a fan, a fine filter, an ozonizer, a heater and a humidifier are installed, in the second compartment, having an opening in the outer wall of the box, a compressor and a condenser are installed, in the third compartment, connected by an opening with the first compartment and provided with openings in the inner wall of the box, a recuperator-heat exchanger, bactericidal lamps are installed,filters for coarse and fine cleaning, an ozonizer, a humidifier and an evaporator, while there are units for measuring the parameters of the microclimate in the room and setting the microclimate, the outputs of which are connected through a computer to a fan, ozonizers, a heater, humidifiers, an air conditioner compressor and a heat exchanger-recuperator, while the box is equipped with one or more fastening devices in the window opening with the window frame and a seal for hermetically sealed mating with the window opening and the window frame, and decorative grilles are installed on the outer and inner surfaces of the box.

[0012] The design of the proposed window air conditioning system is shown in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows the device's design and the schematic layout of its components. For simplicity, the decorative grilles are omitted from section A-A. Figure 2 shows the electrical connection diagram for the device's components. Figure 1 also shows one possible arrangement of the device's components within the casing.

[0013] In implementing the objective of creating a utility model, a window air conditioning unit comprises a box 1 with openings on the outer and inner walls, installed in a window opening with a window frame 2 with window sashes. In this case, the box 1 is not included in the window frame 2 and is an integral part of the device. Inside the box 1, longitudinal and transverse partitions 3 with openings are installed, dividing it into compartments. The openings in the walls of the box 1 and the partitions 3 are provided with dampers 4. There are coarse filters 5 and fine filters 6, a fan 7, bactericidal lamps 8, ozonizers 9, a heater 10, humidifiers 11, a heat exchanger-recuperator 12, as well as a compressor 13, a condenser 14 with its own fan, and an evaporator 15 with its own fan, all of which are connected to each other and are part of the air conditioner.There are also units for measuring the parameters of the microclimate in the room 16 and setting the microclimate 17, the outputs of which are connected through the computer 18 to the fan 7, the ozonizer 9, the heater 10, the humidifier 11, the compressor 13 of the air conditioner and the heat exchanger-recuperator 12, while the box 1 is equipped with one or more devices (not shown in Figure 1 due to the traditional nature of their design) for fastening in the window opening with the window frame 2 and a seal for hermetically sealed mating with the window opening and the window frame 2, and decorative grilles 19 are installed on the outer and inner surfaces of the box 1. In this case, the box 1 is located outside the horizontal (upper or lower) profile of the window frame 2, as is the case in the prototype.

[0014] The above-mentioned equipment is arranged in box 1 as follows. In the first compartment, connected by opening I with the street and by opening II with the room, bactericidal lamps 8, coarse filter 5, fan 7, fine filter 6, ozonizer 9, heater 10 and humidifier 11 are installed. In the second compartment, having opening IV in the outer wall of box 1, compressor 13 and condenser 14 are installed, wherein condenser 14 is installed opposite opening IV. In the third compartment, connected by opening III with the first compartment and provided with openings IV and V in the inner wall of box 1, recuperator-heat exchanger 12, bactericidal lamps 8, coarse and fine filters 5 and 6, ozonizer 9, humidifier 11 and evaporator 15 of the air conditioner are installed, wherein evaporator 15 is installed in front of opening V.

[0015] The following modern technical solutions can be used to implement the claimed invention. The horizontal ventilation duct 1 is rectangular and can be made of sheet material, primarily plastic or powder-coated metal. Decorative grilles 19 are manufactured in a similar manner. Furthermore, decorative grilles 19 can be made using solar panels, which, given high-intensity solar radiation (during the day) and bright interior lighting (in the evening), can provide some energy savings. Window frame 2 is a commercially available tubular metal-plastic structure. Glazed window sashes are also made of reinforced metal-plastic and are equipped with double-glazed units. The number of chambers in a double-glazed unit is determined by climatic conditions.Longitudinal and transverse partitions 3 with openings and dampers 4 can be made of sheet material, preferably plastic or powder-coated metal. Dampers 4 can be opened and closed manually. Alternatively, the device can be implemented with an electric drive for dampers 4. This will provide the following consumer benefits:

[0016] - dampers 4 can be opened and closed from the control panel using toggle switches, moving them to the “OPEN” or “closed” position depending on external weather conditions;

[0017] - damper actuators 4 can be controlled by computer 18 depending on the established indoor microclimate, setpoints, and weather conditions. This requires appropriate software for computer 18.

[0018] GAUSS Guard GR 001 series household air purifiers can be used as coarse and fine filters 5 and 6. Coarse filter 5 can also be implemented using a fine-mesh screen, while fine filter 6 can be implemented using replaceable non-woven packing. Fan 7 can be implemented using an electric motor with an impeller on its shaft. Germicidal lamps 8 of the LUXE T8 30WG13 type can be used in the device to purify the air from microorganisms. Tronkin-A370 devices can be used as air ozonizers 9. Heater 10 can be implemented using an electric coil made of a wire with high specific resistance (nichrome, manganin, etc.). Air humidifiers 11, for example, of the Arctic Air Ultra type. Heat exchanger-recuperator 12 has a standard design, for example, as in the supply and exhaust unit VL-100 EUS-E Mitsubishi Electric.The unit can utilize a compressor (13), a condenser with fan (14), and an evaporator with fan (15) from Hisense AR-09CR4GKWS00 or BALLU BRAS-09CE17Y mobile air conditioners. The air conditioner units are connected via standard piping (not shown in Figure 1 for simplicity and due to their traditional nature). The GIGROTERMON microclimate monitoring sensor system, developed by Engineering Technologies LLC (Chelyabinsk), can be used as the microclimate measurement unit (16). The microclimate setting blocks 17 can be implemented on potentiometers loaded onto analog-to-digital converters (ADC), for example, on the HX711 microcircuit from Avia Semicondactors (Promelectronika group of companies brochure), the Calculator 18 can be implemented on the basis of a microcontroller with the corresponding software.In particular, the STS-3028-220, SHT-2000, and ЕТС-974 microclimate control units can be used. Units 16, 17, and 18 can be installed either in box 1 (unit 16 and 17 on its surface from the room side, unit 18 inside box 1) or made remote, located in the room. In the latter case, computer unit 18 communicates with the equipment installed in box 1 (fan 7, ozonizers 9, heater 10, humidifiers 11, heat exchanger-recuperator 12, and air conditioner compressor 13) via the appropriate communication lines. The connection of computer 18 to the said equipment should preferably be carried out through the appropriate switching elements—relays, electronic keys, etc.The device (or several devices) for fastening the box 1 can be arbitrary and implemented, for example, in the form of a spring-loaded latch (mainly several latches), screw fasteners, for example with wing nuts or decorative nuts, or pressure strips or a frame along the perimeter of the box 1, pressing it to the window opening and window frame 2. The seal is made of porous rubber, foamed polyethylene or silicone.

[0019] In achieving the objective of creating the invention, the operation of the window air conditioning system is carried out as follows.

[0020] When the device is operating, the residents of the room use the controls of the microclimate setting unit 17 to set the values ​​for temperature, humidity, and CO levels. 2and the degree of air ozonation. The specified values ​​in the computer 18 are compared with their actual values ​​for the air in the room, received from the sensors of the microclimate parameter measuring unit 16, as a result of which control signals are generated at the outputs of the computer 18, ensuring the required operating modes of the fan 7, ozonizers 9, heater 10, humidifiers 11, heat exchanger-recuperator 12 and air conditioning units. At a comfortable outside air temperature, ventilation of the premises is carried out using equipment installed in the first compartment, as follows.

[0021] Outside air is drawn in by fan 7 through opening I (damper 4.5 open) in the outer wall of box 1, disinfected by bactericidal lamp 8, cleaned of dust in filters 5 and 6, ozonized in ozonizer 9, humidified in humidifier 11, and supplied to the room through open opening II in the inner wall of box 1 (damper 4.1 open). Heater 10, heat exchanger-recuperator 12, and air conditioner are not used. Dampers 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, and 4.6 are closed.

[0022] When the outside temperature drops slightly during the off-season, when the apartments are not yet heated, the equipment installed in the first section is also used, as is heat exchanger-recuperator 12, installed in the third section. In this case, the air is heated in heat exchanger-recuperator 12 and, in addition, in heater 10. In this case, dampers 4.1, 4.4, and 4.6 are closed, and dampers 4.2, 4.3, and 4.5 are open.

[0023] At low outside air temperatures and centralized heating of the premises, in addition to the heat exchanger-recuperator 12, the heater 10 is also connected if necessary. In this case, the dampers 4.1, 4.4 and 4.6 are also closed, and the dampers 4.2, 4.3 and 4.5 are open.

[0024] On hot days, it is necessary to use an air conditioner to cool the air. In this case, the air for cooling is taken in through opening IV (damper 4.3 is open) and, after cooling in the evaporator 15 installed in the third compartment, is returned to the room through opening V (dampers 4.4 and 4.6 are open). At the inlet of the evaporator 15, coarse and fine filters 5 and 6, bactericidal lamps 8, an ozonizer 9, and in some cases (when the air in the room is too dry) a humidifier 11, similar to those installed in the left part of the box 1 (shown by the dotted line in Figure 1) can be installed. Heat exchange between the condenser 14 of the air conditioner and the outside air is carried out through an opening in the outer wall of the second compartment (damper 4.6 is open).

[0025] The necessary supply of dust-free fresh air is ensured by the fact that, simultaneously with the operation of the air conditioner, air is sucked in by fan 7 through opening I (damper 4.5 is open), disinfected by bactericidal lamp 8, cleaned of dust in filters 5 and 6, ozonized in ozonizer 9, humidified in humidifier 11 (if necessary) and fed through opening III (damper 4.2 is open) to evaporator 15, in which it is cooled and through opening V (damper 4.4 is open) enters the room. In this case, heater 10 and heat exchanger-recuperator 12 do not operate, and damper 4.1 is closed.

[0026] When the device is not in use (the room is not in use), openings I through VI are closed with the appropriate dampers. Similarly, when repairing individual parts of the device, the openings that ensure their operation are closed, and heat-insulating inserts are installed in the place of the removed equipment. Furthermore, such inserts can be used for gradual assembly of the device.

[0027] Thus, as described above, it is possible to maintain comfortable indoor microclimate conditions across a wide range of external weather conditions. This is precisely the goal of the proposed technical solution.

[0028] For ease of installation of equipment in box 1, it can be dismantled and then installed in place using its fastening devices (locking devices) and sealing around the perimeter (not shown in the figures).

[0029] It should be emphasized that window frame 2 and frame 1 with the installed equipment form a single unit, as they provide indoor microclimate conditions in any weather and operating conditions, including during power outages, through standard ventilation when opening the window sashes. Furthermore, the glazed window sashes ensure the required level of solarization of the room, and solarization is a crucial characteristic of the occupancy conditions of the room.

[0030] Additional advantages of the described window air conditioning system are:

[0031] - the design of the ventilation box 1 in the form of a device that is not part of the window box 2 ensures its integration with any type of mass-produced windows that are suitable in width for the window opening;

[0032] - the use of a window opening for placing a ventilation box 1, taking into account the actual width of the window (1000 mm or more), allows for the free placement of a heat exchanger-recuperator 12 with a significant length of air passage channels, which ensures deep heat exchange and noticeable heating of the incoming outside air, and also for placing air conditioner units in box 1, and their arrangement may vary depending on the weight and size characteristics of the units;

[0033] - there is no need for labor-intensive work to cut a channel through the outer wall of the building, as is the case when installing split-system air conditioners; in the absence of the need for recuperation, heating and air conditioning with closed window sashes, air exchange is ensured, cleaning the outside air from dust, microbes and reducing the level of street noise;

[0034] - window assembly and installation of a ventilation box 1 in the upper or lower part of the window opening is carried out without additional work to widen the window opening, which ensures high quality work, cleanliness during the work and the necessary aesthetic characteristics; - when installing identical windows and identical ventilation boxes 1 throughout the house, which do not require the installation of special ventilation ducts in the walls, as well as the use of standardized decorative grilles 19, a uniform appearance of the house is ensured without any changes to its façade associated with the need to provide additional ventilation;

[0035] - the ability to install identical 1-type boxes without any "filling" and appropriate thermal insulation inserts throughout the entire building upon delivery. Residents can freely select components for their window air conditioning system, according to their budget, without disturbing the overall appearance of the building's façade;

[0036] The ability to ventilate a room in any weather without opening the window sashes significantly simplifies and reduces the cost of window fittings by eliminating the need for frequent opening and closing. Furthermore, it's possible to open the windows only twice a year—in spring and fall—to clean the exterior glass or for ventilation in the event of a failure of the air conditioning system or a power outage.

[0037] The above-mentioned advantages of the claimed window air conditioning system, along with the implementation of the purpose of the invention, significantly improve its consumer properties and increase its commercial attractiveness.

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION 1. A window air conditioning system comprising a box with openings on the outer and inner walls, installed in a window opening with a window frame with window sashes, characterized in that longitudinal and transverse partitions with openings dividing the box into compartments are installed inside the box, the openings in the walls of the box and the partitions are provided with dampers, there are coarse and fine filters, a fan, bactericidal lamps, ozonizers, a heater, humidifiers, a heat exchanger-recuperator, a compressor, a condenser with a fan and an evaporator with a fan that are part of the air conditioner and connected to each other, wherein in the first compartment, located between the corresponding openings in the outer and inner walls of the box, bactericidal lamps, a coarse filter, a fan, a fine filter, an ozonizer, a heater and a humidifier are installed, in the second compartment, having an opening in the outer wall of the box, a compressor and a condenser are installed, in the third compartment,connected by an opening with the first compartment and provided with corresponding openings in the inner wall of the box, a recuperator-heat exchanger, bactericidal lamps, coarse and fine filters, an ozonizer, a humidifier and an evaporator are installed, while there are units for measuring the parameters of the microclimate in the room and setting the microclimate, the outputs of which are connected through a computer to a fan, ozonizers, a heater, humidifiers, an air conditioner compressor and a heat exchanger-recuperator, while the box is equipped with one or more fastening devices in the window opening with the window frame and a seal for hermetically sealed mating with the window opening and the window frame, and decorative grilles are installed on the outer and inner surfaces of the box.

2. A window air conditioning system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that solar panels can be used as decorative grilles.

3. A window air conditioning system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the computer is connected to a fan, ozonizers, a heater, humidifiers, an air conditioner compressor, and a heat exchanger-recuperator via switching devices.

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