Interface detection method, apparatus and system for hybrid-insulator

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are an interface detection method, apparatus and system for a hybrid insulator. The method comprises: applying a voltage to a hybrid insulator by means of a photoconductive antenna, and also injecting a laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna; by means of a probe, performing real-time detection on the hybrid insulator to which the voltage has been applied, so as to obtain reflected waves corresponding to different positions of the hybrid insulator; and on the basis of a preset hybrid-insulator defect dataset, analyzing the reflected waves at different positions to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and when the defect type is an air gap, acquiring an air gap value of the hybrid insulator, so as to complete interface detection for the hybrid insulator. The present invention solves the technical problem in the prior art of it being impossible to quickly and efficiently measure and determine an interface gap of a hybrid insulator.

Description

A method, apparatus and system for detecting the interface of a hybrid insulator. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system testing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and system for testing hybrid insulator interfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Insulators are an essential component of power transmission lines, their main function being to connect high-voltage conductors to transmission towers while ensuring electrical insulation between the conductors and towers. Currently, the mainstream insulators used in transmission lines, classified by insulation material, mainly include porcelain insulators, glass insulators, and composite insulators. However, to meet the needs of modern power systems and address the problems associated with various types of insulators, a new type of hybrid insulator has been developed. This hybrid insulator retains the excellent mechanical and electrical properties of traditional porcelain (glass) insulators while also possessing the superior hydrophobicity and anti-pollution flashover performance of composite insulators.

[0003] Currently, under the same pollution conditions, the new hybrid insulator can reduce the number of pieces used in actual overhead line operation, thereby reducing the height and size of the towers. However, the new hybrid insulator and the traditional insulator have significant differences in interface characteristics. During long-term operation, the interface of the new hybrid insulator may develop defects such as air gaps and delamination due to poor local adhesion. Under long-term energized operation, severe local discharge and other processes can lead to serious accidents such as string breakage of the new hybrid insulator. At present, there is no effective and accurate way to detect the interface gap of the new hybrid insulator.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can detect and confirm the interfacial gap of novel hybrid insulators in order to promptly identify interfacial adhesion problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and system for detecting the interface of hybrid insulators, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art that it is impossible to quickly and efficiently detect and confirm the interface gap of hybrid insulators.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for detecting the interface of a hybrid insulator, comprising:

[0007] A voltage is applied to the hybrid insulator via a photoconductive antenna, and a laser pulse is simultaneously injected into the photoconductive antenna.

[0008] The probe is used to detect the hybrid insulator after voltage is applied in real time, and the reflected waves at different positions of the corresponding hybrid insulator are obtained.

[0009] Based on a preset dataset of hybrid insulator defects, the reflected waves at different locations are analyzed to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator. When the defect type is an air gap, the air gap value of the hybrid insulator is obtained, thereby completing the interface detection of the hybrid insulator.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the step of applying a voltage to the hybrid insulator via a photoconductive antenna and simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna specifically includes:

[0011] A preset voltage is applied to both ends of a hybrid insulator fixed on a support through the parallel electrodes of a photoconductive antenna; wherein the surface of the hybrid insulator is perpendicular to the optical path direction of the reflected wave.

[0012] While applying a preset voltage to both ends of the hybrid insulator, a laser pulse of a preset wavelength is injected into the gap between the parallel electrodes so that the surface of the hybrid insulator radiates reflected waves.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the step of using a probe to perform real-time detection on the hybrid insulator after applying voltage, and obtaining the reflected waves at different locations of the hybrid insulator, specifically includes:

[0014] The probe head is controlled by the guide rail so that it can perform real-time circumferential and radial detection on the hybrid insulator after voltage is applied, and collect the reflected waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator as a reflected wave dataset.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the step of analyzing reflected waves at different locations based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and obtaining the air gap value of the hybrid insulator when the defect type is air gap, specifically includes:

[0016] Based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset, a difference analysis is performed on the reflected wave dataset, and a defect type is determined based on the difference values ​​in the difference analysis according to a preset threshold, thereby obtaining the defect type of the hybrid insulator; wherein, the preset hybrid insulator defect dataset includes reflected wave data under each preset air gap when the hybrid insulator is simulated first;

[0017] When the defect type of the hybrid insulator is air gap, the air gap value corresponding to the minimum difference value in the difference analysis is obtained as the interface detection result of the hybrid insulator.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the method for constructing the preset hybrid insulator defect dataset includes:

[0019] The hybrid insulator was simulated, and multiple reflection wave data were calculated based on the preset time-domain reflection wave.

[0020] Based on each preset air gap, the multiple reflected wave data are linearly superimposed to obtain the reflected wave dataset under each preset air gap. Then, by combining the statistical data of the reflected wave dataset under each preset air gap, a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset is constructed.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the reflected wave is a terahertz reflected wave.

[0022] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a detection device for a hybrid insulator interface, comprising: an injection module, a detection module, and an analysis module;

[0023] The injection module is used to apply voltage to the hybrid insulator through a photoconductive antenna and simultaneously inject laser pulses into the photoconductive antenna.

[0024] The detection module is used to perform real-time detection on the hybrid insulator after voltage is applied through a probe, and to obtain the reflected waves at different positions of the corresponding hybrid insulator.

[0025] The analysis module is used to analyze the reflected waves at different locations based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset, obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and acquire the air gap value of the hybrid insulator when the defect type is air gap, thereby completing the interface detection of the hybrid insulator.

[0026] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a detection system for a hybrid insulator interface, for implementing the detection method for a hybrid insulator interface as described in any of the above claims, comprising: a host execution unit, a laser, a first photoconductive antenna, a probe, and a hybrid insulator;

[0027] The host computer is used to control the laser and the first photoconductive antenna connected to it;

[0028] The first photoconductive antenna includes parallel electrodes for fixing and applying voltage to both ends of the hybrid insulator;

[0029] The laser pulse emitted by the laser is parallel to the surface of the hybrid insulator, and the probe is used to acquire the reflected wave of the laser pulse reflected by the hybrid insulator.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: a second photoconductive antenna, a beam splitter, a first reflector, a second reflector, a convex lens, and a semi-transparent lens;

[0031] The laser pulse emitted by the laser is divided into a first pulse and a second pulse after passing through the beam splitter.

[0032] The first pulse is directed toward the first reflector and, after being reflected by the first reflector, is directed toward the second reflector, which then directs the first pulse toward the second photoconductive antenna.

[0033] The second pulse is directed toward the first photoconductive antenna and then disperses into several laser beams. All of these laser beams enter the convex lens and then emit terahertz waves.

[0034] The terahertz wave is directed towards the semi-transparent lens and then towards the hybrid insulator. The hybrid insulator reflects the corresponding reflected wave back to the semi-transparent lens, and the semi-transparent lens directs the reflected wave towards the second photoconductive antenna. Thus, the second photoconductive antenna is used as a probe to obtain the terahertz reflected wave from the hybrid insulator.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, a time delay device is also provided between the first reflector and the beam splitter;

[0036] The time delay device is used to delay the transmission of the first pulse directed at the first reflector.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The technical solution of this invention applies a voltage to a hybrid insulator using a photoconductive antenna while simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the antenna. This ensures that the hybrid insulator can efficiently and accurately radiate terahertz reflected waves. Furthermore, because terahertz waves exhibit low attenuation, strong collimation, and the ability to carry spectral information of the hybrid insulator material during propagation in the insulating dielectric, the probe can effectively perform real-time detection of the hybrid insulator after the voltage is applied. This allows for the acquisition of reflected waves at different locations on the hybrid insulator, which are then analyzed in conjunction with a pre-set hybrid insulator defect dataset to determine the defect type and air gap value. This enables efficient and accurate detection of the interface gap in novel hybrid insulators, while also achieving non-destructive testing of the interface characteristics of hybrid insulators. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1: A flowchart of the steps of a method for detecting a hybrid insulator interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2: A structural diagram of a detection device for a hybrid insulator interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3: A structural diagram of a detection system for a hybrid insulator interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1, which illustrates a method for detecting a hybrid insulator interface according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps S101-S103:

[0045] Step S101: Apply voltage to the hybrid insulator through the photoconductive antenna, and simultaneously inject a laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the step of applying a voltage to the hybrid insulator via a photoconductive antenna and simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna specifically includes:

[0047] A preset voltage is applied to both ends of a hybrid insulator fixed on a support via the parallel electrodes of a photoconductive antenna; wherein the surface of the hybrid insulator is perpendicular to the optical path direction of the reflected wave; while the preset voltage is applied to both ends of the hybrid insulator, a laser pulse of a preset wavelength is injected into the gap between the parallel electrodes so that the surface of the hybrid insulator radiates the reflected wave to the outside.

[0048] In this embodiment, the photoconductive antenna is a device that uses an ultrashort laser pulse to trigger and generate terahertz waves. It utilizes the ultrashort laser pulse to trigger the photoconductive antenna, enabling it to generate terahertz waves. For example, the photoconductive antenna includes a first photoconductive antenna and a second photoconductive antenna. The parallel electrodes of the first photoconductive antenna apply a preset voltage to both ends of a hybrid insulator fixed on a support. Simultaneously, the first photoconductive antenna is positioned in the optical path of the laser pulse emitted by the laser pulse generator (laser), so that the emitted laser pulse, triggered by the first photoconductive antenna, generates a terahertz wave, which is then emitted into the hybrid insulator. The second photoconductive antenna acts as a probe to acquire the reflected wave from the hybrid insulator and collects the reflected wave data.

[0049] In this embodiment, to ensure the surface is perpendicular to the terahertz optical path direction, the hybrid insulator needs to be placed on a fixed support, and a voltage is applied to the novel hybrid insulator through the parallel electrodes of the first photoconductive antenna. This applied voltage can be set according to the material and specifications of the actual hybrid insulator. Simultaneously, a specific femtosecond laser pulse is injected into the gap between the parallel electrodes of the first photoconductive antenna, generating transient photogenerated carriers on the surface of the antenna. These carriers, under the influence of an external electric field, accelerate to form a transient photocurrent, radiating the electrostatic potential in the capacitive structure outwards in the form of a THz pulse. This radiated pulse is the terahertz wave.

[0050] Step S102: The hybrid insulator after voltage is applied is detected in real time by the probe to obtain the reflected waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the reflected wave is a terahertz reflected wave.

[0052] It should be noted that terahertz waves are electromagnetic waves with frequencies between 0.1 THz and 10 THz and wavelengths between 3 μm and 0.3 mm. This band lies between microwaves and infrared light. Terahertz waves have certain penetrating power, non-ionization, and spectral characteristics. Terahertz waves can penetrate certain non-polar materials, thereby enabling the acquisition of material spectral data of hybrid insulators. At the same time, the energy of terahertz waves is low enough not to cause ionization of atoms or molecules, thus enabling accurate detection of interface voids in hybrid insulators.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the step of real-time detection of the hybrid insulator after voltage application using a probe to obtain reflected waves at different locations of the hybrid insulator specifically includes:

[0054] The probe head is controlled by the guide rail so that it can perform real-time circumferential and radial detection on the hybrid insulator after voltage is applied, and collect the reflected waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator as a reflected wave dataset.

[0055] In this embodiment, the terahertz wave probe can be controlled by the guide rail to achieve circumferential and radial detection. It can be understood that the probe can be a second photoconductive antenna, which can collect terahertz reflected waves at different positions of the novel hybrid insulator and collect, statistically analyze and save the measured reflected waveforms to the storage device.

[0056] Step S103: Based on the preset hybrid insulator defect dataset, analyze the reflected waves at different locations to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and when the defect type is air gap, obtain the air gap value of the hybrid insulator, thereby completing the interface detection of the hybrid insulator.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the step of analyzing reflected waves at different locations based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and obtaining the air gap value of the hybrid insulator when the defect type is an air gap, specifically includes:

[0058] Based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset, a difference analysis is performed on the reflected wave dataset, and a defect type is determined based on the difference values ​​in the difference analysis according to a preset threshold, thereby obtaining the defect type of the hybrid insulator. The preset hybrid insulator defect dataset includes reflected wave data under various preset air gaps during the initial simulation of the hybrid insulator. When the defect type of the hybrid insulator is an air gap, the air gap value corresponding to the minimum difference value in the difference analysis is obtained as the interface detection result of the hybrid insulator.

[0059] In this embodiment, by using a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset, a difference analysis can be performed on the reflected wave dataset. This involves comparing the reflected wave data at each location in the hybrid insulator with the reflected wave data at each location under each preset air gap in the preset hybrid insulator defect dataset, and performing a difference analysis. By combining this with a preset threshold, the defect type of the hybrid insulator to be tested can be obtained. The preset threshold can be set to a specific value according to the actual situation.

[0060] In this embodiment, when the defect type is an air gap, a difference analysis is further performed to find the minimum difference between the real-time reflected wave dataset and the preset hybrid insulator defect dataset. Since the air gap size of the hybrid insulator directly affects the reflection characteristics of terahertz waves, by analyzing the reflected waveform of terahertz waves, not only can the existence of the air gap be detected, but the size of the air gap can also be quantitatively analyzed. Thus, the final air gap size of the hybrid insulator can be obtained based on the minimum difference.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the method for constructing the preset hybrid insulator defect dataset includes:

[0062] The hybrid insulator is simulated, and multiple reflection wave data are calculated based on the preset time-domain reflection wave. The multiple reflection wave data are linearly superimposed according to each preset air gap to obtain the reflection wave dataset under each preset air gap. Then, by combining the statistical reflection wave dataset under each preset air gap, a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset is constructed.

[0063] In this embodiment, by simulating the hybrid insulator, multiple reflected waves of the hybrid insulator can be obtained through the time-domain reflected wave calculation formula. By combining the different air gap sizes of the hybrid insulator, the reflected wave data with different time delays are linearly superimposed to obtain a reflected wave dataset with different air gap sizes. Finally, the statistical waveforms are summarized to form a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset.

[0064] In this embodiment, the application of terahertz wave spectroscopy technology to novel hybrid insulators not only helps analyze the distribution location of defects but also obtains quantitative values ​​of the interfacial gap, resulting in effective and accurate evaluation results. Simultaneously, the terahertz wave detection method utilizes the excellent penetrability of terahertz waves in dielectric materials and the ability to extract rich material characteristic information from its time and frequency domain signals, enabling non-destructive testing of the interface characteristics of hybrid insulators with significant economic advantages. Furthermore, the differential analysis method employed, based on Fresnel reflection formulas and terahertz wave transmission models, has been validated through extensive practical experiments, ensuring that detection errors can be controlled within a narrow range, demonstrating significant practicality.

[0065] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0066] The technical solution of this invention applies a voltage to a hybrid insulator using a photoconductive antenna while simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the antenna. This ensures that the hybrid insulator can efficiently and accurately radiate terahertz reflected waves. Furthermore, because terahertz waves exhibit low attenuation, strong collimation, and the ability to carry spectral information of the hybrid insulator material during propagation in the insulating dielectric, the probe can effectively perform real-time detection of the hybrid insulator after the voltage is applied. This allows for the acquisition of reflected waves at different locations on the hybrid insulator, which are then analyzed in conjunction with a pre-set hybrid insulator defect dataset to determine the defect type and air gap value. This enables efficient and accurate detection of the interface gap in novel hybrid insulators, while also achieving non-destructive testing of the interface characteristics of hybrid insulators.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] Please refer to Figure 2, which also shows a detection device for a hybrid insulator interface provided by the present invention, including: an injection module 201, a detection module 202, and an analysis module 203;

[0069] The injection module 201 is used to apply voltage to the hybrid insulator through the photoconductive antenna and simultaneously inject laser pulses into the photoconductive antenna;

[0070] The detection module 202 is used to perform real-time detection on the hybrid insulator after voltage is applied through the probe, and obtain the reflected waves at different positions of the corresponding hybrid insulator.

[0071] The analysis module 203 is used to analyze the reflected waves at different locations based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset, obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and obtain the air gap value of the hybrid insulator when the defect type is air gap, thereby completing the interface detection of the hybrid insulator.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, the step of applying a voltage to the hybrid insulator via a photoconductive antenna and simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna specifically includes:

[0073] A preset voltage is applied to both ends of a hybrid insulator fixed on a support through the parallel electrodes of a photoconductive antenna; wherein the surface of the hybrid insulator is perpendicular to the optical path direction of the reflected wave.

[0074] While applying a preset voltage to both ends of the hybrid insulator, a laser pulse of a preset wavelength is injected into the gap between the parallel electrodes so that the surface of the hybrid insulator radiates reflected waves.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment, the step of using a probe to perform real-time detection on the hybrid insulator after applying voltage, and obtaining the reflected waves at different locations of the hybrid insulator, specifically includes:

[0076] The probe head is controlled by the guide rail so that it can perform real-time circumferential and radial detection on the hybrid insulator after voltage is applied, and collect the reflected waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator as a reflected wave dataset.

[0077] As a preferred embodiment, the step of analyzing reflected waves at different locations based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and obtaining the air gap value of the hybrid insulator when the defect type is air gap, specifically includes:

[0078] Based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset, a difference analysis is performed on the reflected wave dataset, and a defect type is determined based on the difference values ​​in the difference analysis according to a preset threshold, thereby obtaining the defect type of the hybrid insulator; wherein, the preset hybrid insulator defect dataset includes reflected wave data under each preset air gap when the hybrid insulator is simulated first;

[0079] When the defect type of the hybrid insulator is air gap, the air gap value corresponding to the minimum difference value in the difference analysis is obtained as the interface detection result of the hybrid insulator.

[0080] As a preferred embodiment, the method for constructing the preset hybrid insulator defect dataset includes:

[0081] The hybrid insulator was simulated, and multiple reflection wave data were calculated based on the preset time-domain reflection wave.

[0082] Based on each preset air gap, the multiple reflected wave data are linearly superimposed to obtain the reflected wave dataset under each preset air gap. Then, by combining the statistical data of the reflected wave dataset under each preset air gap, a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset is constructed.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment, the reflected wave is a terahertz reflected wave.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0085] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0086] The technical solution of this invention applies a voltage to a hybrid insulator using a photoconductive antenna while simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the antenna. This ensures that the hybrid insulator can efficiently and accurately radiate terahertz reflected waves. Furthermore, because terahertz waves exhibit low attenuation, strong collimation, and the ability to carry spectral information of the hybrid insulator material during propagation in the insulating dielectric, the probe can effectively perform real-time detection of the hybrid insulator after the voltage is applied. This allows for the acquisition of reflected waves at different locations on the hybrid insulator, which are then analyzed in conjunction with a pre-set hybrid insulator defect dataset to determine the defect type and air gap value. This enables efficient and accurate detection of the interface gap in novel hybrid insulators, while also achieving non-destructive testing of the interface characteristics of hybrid insulators.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] Please refer to Figure 3, which also provides a detection system for a hybrid insulator interface according to the present invention, for implementing the detection method for a hybrid insulator interface as described in Embodiment 1 above, including: a host machine, a laser, a first photoconductive antenna, a probe, and a hybrid insulator.

[0089] The host computer is used to control the laser and the first photoconductive antenna connected to it.

[0090] In this embodiment, the execution host is mainly used to control the laser and the first photoconductive antenna. At the same time, the execution host is also connected to the second photoconductive antenna and acquires the reflected wave data of the hybrid insulator collected by the second photoconductive antenna, and stores it in the execution host. The execution host then performs further analysis and detection on the reflected wave data.

[0091] The first photoconductive antenna includes parallel electrodes for fixing and applying voltage to both ends of the hybrid insulator.

[0092] The laser pulse emitted by the laser is parallel to the surface of the hybrid insulator, and the probe is used to acquire the reflected wave of the laser pulse reflected by the hybrid insulator.

[0093] As a preferred embodiment, it further includes: a second photoconductive antenna, a beam splitter, a first reflector, a second reflector, a convex lens, and a semi-transparent lens.

[0094] The laser pulse emitted by the laser is split into a first pulse and a second pulse after passing through the beam splitter. The first pulse is directed towards the first reflector and, after being reflected by the first reflector, enters the second reflector. The second reflector then directs the first pulse towards the second photoconductive antenna. The second pulse, after entering the first photoconductive antenna, disperses into several laser beams, all of which enter the convex lens and emit terahertz waves. The terahertz waves are directed towards the semi-transparent lens and then towards the hybrid insulator. The hybrid insulator reflects the corresponding reflected wave to the semi-transparent lens, and the semi-transparent lens directs the reflected wave towards the second photoconductive antenna. Thus, the second photoconductive antenna acts as a probe to obtain the terahertz reflected wave from the hybrid insulator.

[0095] In this embodiment, a beam splitter is used to divide the laser beam into a first pulse and a second pulse, so that the second pulse can pass through the first photoconductive antenna, thereby exciting multiple terahertz waves to pass through the convex lens and be emitted in a parallel terahertz wave manner, ensuring that the terahertz waves can be emitted in the vertical direction on the surface of the hybrid insulator, thereby improving the reliability and effectiveness of the hybrid insulator detection data.

[0096] Furthermore, the first pulse can pass through the optical path extended by the first and second reflectors and be directed onto the second photoconductive antenna. At the same time, the second photoconductive antenna can also acquire the terahertz reflected wave reflected by the hybrid insulator and simultaneously send the corresponding laser beam information and terahertz reflected wave data to the execution host, ensuring the accuracy of the data in the subsequent detection process and guaranteeing the corresponding relationship of the data timing.

[0097] As a preferred embodiment, a time delay device is further provided between the first reflector and the beam splitter; the time delay device is used to delay the transmission of the first pulse directed toward the first reflector.

[0098] In this embodiment, the time delay device can realize spatial light time delay, thereby controlling the change of optical path. At the same time, the continuously adjustable delay function realizes the delay of transmitted light, so as to ensure that the timing between the first pulse and the second pulse (corresponding to the subsequent terahertz wave and terahertz reflected wave) can correspond to each other, thereby improving the accuracy of hybrid insulator interface detection.

[0099] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0100] The technical solution of this invention applies a voltage to a hybrid insulator using a photoconductive antenna while simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the antenna. This ensures that the hybrid insulator can efficiently and accurately radiate terahertz reflected waves. Furthermore, because terahertz waves exhibit low attenuation, strong collimation, and the ability to carry spectral information of the hybrid insulator material during propagation in the insulating dielectric, the probe can effectively perform real-time detection of the hybrid insulator after the voltage is applied. This allows for the acquisition of reflected waves at different locations on the hybrid insulator, which are then analyzed in conjunction with a pre-set hybrid insulator defect dataset to determine the defect type and air gap value. This enables efficient and accurate detection of the interface gap in novel hybrid insulators, while also achieving non-destructive testing of the interface characteristics of hybrid insulators.

[0101] Example 4

[0102] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a terminal device, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for detecting the hybrid insulator interface as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0103] The terminal device of this embodiment includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program and computer instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the various steps in Embodiment 1 above, such as steps S101 to S13 shown in FIG1. ​​Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the above device embodiment, such as analysis module 203.

[0104] For example, the computer program can be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present invention. The one or more modules / units can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which describe the execution process of the computer program in the terminal device. For example, the analysis module 203 is used to analyze reflected waves at different locations based on a preset hybrid insulator defect dataset to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and when the defect type is an air gap, to obtain the air gap value of the hybrid insulator, thereby completing the interface detection of the hybrid insulator.

[0105] The terminal device may be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and memory. Those skilled in the art will understand that the schematic diagram is merely an example of a terminal device and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device. It may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, the terminal device may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0106] The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the terminal device, connecting all parts of the terminal device via various interfaces and lines.

[0107] The memory can be used to store the computer programs and / or modules. The processor implements various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory and by calling data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, applications required for at least one function, etc.; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the mobile terminal, etc. In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, RAM, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0108] Wherein, if the modules / units integrated in the terminal device are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0109] Example 5

[0110] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the method for detecting the hybrid insulator interface as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0111] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method of detecting a hybrid insulator interface, comprising: The application relates to an interface detection method and device for a hybrid insulator. The method comprises the following steps: applying voltage to the hybrid insulator through a photoconductive antenna, and simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna; detecting the hybrid insulator in real time through a probe head after the voltage is applied, and obtaining reflection waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator; analyzing the reflection waves at the different positions according to a preset hybrid insulator defect data set, obtaining a defect type of the hybrid insulator, and when the defect type is an air gap, obtaining an air gap value of the hybrid insulator, so as to complete interface detection of the hybrid insulator. The method of applying voltage to the hybrid insulator through the photoconductive antenna and simultaneously injecting the laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna specifically comprises the following steps: applying a preset voltage to both ends of the hybrid insulator fixed on a support through parallel electrodes of the photoconductive antenna; wherein the surface of the hybrid insulator is perpendicular to the light path direction of the reflection waves; and simultaneously applying the preset voltage to both ends of the hybrid insulator, injecting a laser pulse of a preset wavelength into the gap of the parallel electrodes, so that the surface of the hybrid insulator radiates the reflection waves outward. The method of detecting the hybrid insulator in real time through the probe head after the voltage is applied and obtaining the reflection waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator specifically comprises the following steps: controlling the probe head through a guide rail, so that the probe head detects the hybrid insulator in real time in a circumferential and radial direction, collects the reflection waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator as a reflection wave data set.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixed insulator interface is a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) interface. The method of analyzing the reflection waves at the different positions according to the preset hybrid insulator defect data set, obtaining the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and when the defect type is the air gap, obtaining the air gap value of the hybrid insulator specifically comprises the following steps: performing difference analysis on the reflection wave data set according to the preset hybrid insulator defect data set, and performing defect type judgment on the difference values in the difference analysis according to a preset threshold, so as to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator; wherein the preset hybrid insulator defect data set comprises reflection wave data at each preset air gap when the hybrid insulator is simulated in advance; and when the defect type of the hybrid insulator is the air gap, the air gap value corresponding to the minimum difference value in the difference analysis is obtained as the interface detection result of the hybrid insulator. The method for constructing the preset hybrid insulator defect data set comprises the following steps: simulating the hybrid insulator, and calculating multiple reflection wave data according to a preset time domain reflection wave; performing linear superposition on the multiple reflection wave data according to each preset air gap, obtaining reflection wave data sets under each preset air gap, and combining the reflection wave data sets under each preset air gap to construct the preset hybrid insulator defect data set. The reflection wave is a terahertz reflection wave.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixed insulator interface is a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) interface. The application relates to an interface detection method and device for a hybrid insulator. The method comprises the following steps: applying voltage to the hybrid insulator through a photoconductive antenna, and simultaneously injecting a laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna; detecting the hybrid insulator in real time through a probe head after the voltage is applied, and obtaining reflection waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator; analyzing the reflection waves at the different positions according to a preset hybrid insulator defect data set, obtaining a defect type of the hybrid insulator, and when the defect type is an air gap, obtaining an air gap value of the hybrid insulator, so as to complete interface detection of the hybrid insulator.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of detecting the hybrid insulator interface comprises: The method of applying voltage to the hybrid insulator through the photoconductive antenna and simultaneously injecting the laser pulse into the photoconductive antenna specifically comprises the following steps: applying a preset voltage to both ends of the hybrid insulator fixed on a support through parallel electrodes of the photoconductive antenna; wherein the surface of the hybrid insulator is perpendicular to the light path direction of the reflection waves; and simultaneously applying the preset voltage to both ends of the hybrid insulator, injecting a laser pulse of a preset wavelength into the gap of the parallel electrodes, so that the surface of the hybrid insulator radiates the reflection waves outward. The method of detecting the hybrid insulator in real time through the probe head after the voltage is applied and obtaining the reflection waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator specifically comprises the following steps: controlling the probe head through a guide rail, so that the probe head detects the hybrid insulator in real time in a circumferential and radial direction, collects the reflection waves at different positions of the hybrid insulator as a reflection wave data set. The method of analyzing the reflection waves at the different positions according to the preset hybrid insulator defect data set, obtaining the defect type of the hybrid insulator, and when the defect type is the air gap, obtaining the air gap value of the hybrid insulator specifically comprises the following steps: performing difference analysis on the reflection wave data set according to the preset hybrid insulator defect data set, and performing defect type judgment on the difference values in the difference analysis according to a preset threshold, so as to obtain the defect type of the hybrid insulator; wherein the preset hybrid insulator defect data set comprises reflection wave data at each preset air gap when the hybrid insulator is simulated in advance; and when the defect type of the hybrid insulator is the air gap, the air gap value corresponding to the minimum difference value in the difference analysis is obtained as the interface detection result of the hybrid insulator.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixed insulator interface is a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) interface. The reflection wave is a terahertz reflection wave. The application relates to an interface detection method and device for a hybrid insulator. ​ 6. A method of detecting a hybrid insulator interface as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein ​ 7. A device for detecting a hybrid insulator interface, comprising: ​ ​ ​ ​ The analysis module is configured to analyze the reflected waves at different positions according to a preset mixed insulator defect data set, to obtain a defect type of the mixed insulator, and to obtain an air gap value of the mixed insulator when the defect type is an air gap, so as to complete interface detection of the mixed insulator.

8. A detection system for hybrid insulator interfaces, comprising: The method for detecting the interface of the mixed insulator comprises a host computer, a laser, a first photoconductive antenna, a probe and a mixed insulator. The host computer is configured to control the laser and the first photoconductive antenna connected thereto. The first photoconductive antenna comprises parallel electrodes configured to apply a voltage to both ends of the mixed insulator. The laser pulses emitted by the laser are parallel to the surface of the mixed insulator, and the probe is configured to obtain reflected waves of the reflected laser pulses of the mixed insulator.

9. A detection system for a hybrid insulator interface as recited in claim 8, wherein, Further comprising: a second photoconductive antenna, a beam splitter, a first mirror, a second mirror, a convex lens and a half mirror. The laser pulses emitted by the laser are divided into first pulses and second pulses after passing through the beam splitter. The first pulses are directed to the first mirror and then enter the second mirror after being reflected by the first mirror, and then the second mirror directs the first pulses to the second photoconductive antenna. The second pulses are directed to the first photoconductive antenna and then diverge into several laser beams, and the several laser beams are emitted from the convex lens as terahertz waves. The terahertz waves are directed to the half mirror and then to the mixed insulator, the mixed insulator reflects corresponding reflected waves to the half mirror, and the half mirror directs the reflected waves to the second photoconductive antenna, so that the second photoconductive antenna obtains the terahertz reflected waves of the mixed insulator as a probe.

10. A detection system for a hybrid insulator interface as recited in claim 9, wherein, The first mirror and the beam splitter are further provided with a time delay device. The time delay device is configured to emit the first pulses directed to the first mirror after a time delay.

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