Inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher

Abstract

A method and system for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head (110) of a cone crusher, in which a braking bushing (170) is form-locked with an outer bearing bushing (120) of the cone crusher; and spinning of the crusher head (110) is inhibited by forming a friction connection between a frame of the cone crusher and the crusher head (110) of the cone crusher using the form-locking, a braking surface (172) of the braking bushing (170), and a brake (180).

Description

[0001] INHIBITING SPINNING OF A CRUSHER HEAD OF A CONE CRUSHER

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure generally relates to inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] This section illustrates useful background information without admission of any technique described herein representative of the state of the art.

[0006] Cone crushers, including gyratory crushers, use an eccentric bushing that rotates around an inner bearing bushing that is fitted onto a fixed main shaft. The eccentric is housed by an outer bearing bushing that is at least partially housed by a cylindrical space defined by a crusher head. The outer bearing bushing is also sometimes referred to as a lower bushing of the cone crusher.

[0007] The eccentric bushing can be rotated around the inner bearing bushing that laterally supports the eccentric bushing to rotate about a given stationary rotation axis around the stationary main shaft. In practice, the eccentric bushing has an inner bore or cylindrical opening that receives the inner bearing bushing and the main shaft. The cylindrical opening is non-coaxial and non-parallel with a centreline of a cylindrical outer surface defined by the bearing bushing. Therefore, on rotation, the eccentric bushing causes the outer surface to move the outer bearing bushing and the crusher head with a gyrating movement.

[0008] A crusher head is vertically supported by a thrust bearing at a given height. In some implementations, the thrust bearing is carried by the main shaft. In some other implementations, a vertically movable adjustment shaft is positioned inside the main shaft. The adjustment shaft then carries the thrust bearing at an adjustable height so that the crusher head can be moved to some extend upwards for compensating wear of crushing wear parts, and downwards for avoiding tramp iron. Instead, the main shaft and the eccentric bushing are typically vertically stationary in sake of simplicity. Hence, on moving up or down, the crusher head becomes forced to its gyrating movement via a varying portion of the cylindrical space inside the crusher head.

[0009] Ideally, the rotating eccentric bushing would slide along the outer bearing bushing such that crusher head just gyrated without starting to rotate along with the eccentric bushing. Unfortunately, when no stones or other crushable material is loaded into the cone crusher, the crusher head is bound to rotate along with the eccentric bushing, because no bearing can avoid all friction between the relatively moving surfaces. Anti-spin systems have been developed to prevent spinning of the support cone (or the crusher head, by large).

[0010] Technical challenge of the anti-spin systems is increased by that the crusher head is gyrating, and the eccentric bushing rotating between the crusher head and the stationary main shaft. Moreover, the thrust bearing rotationally separates the crusher head from the adjustment shaft so that rotation of the crusher head is not simple to prevent by rotationally locking the adjustment shaft to the main shaft, and the crusher head to the adjustment shaft.

[0011] It is an object of the present invention to provide an anti-spin system that would improve one or more of robustness, simplicity of manufacturing, simplicity of maintenance, production throughput, and swiftness of maintenance. Another object is to provide a new technical alternative.

[0012] SUMMARY

[0013] The appended claims define the scope of protection. Any examples and technical descriptions of apparatuses, products and / or methods in the description and / or drawings not covered by the claims are presented not as embodiments of the invention but as background art or examples useful for understanding the invention.

[0014] According to a first example aspect there is provided a braking bushing for a system for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher, configured to couple through a formlocking with an outer bearing bushing of a cone crusher.

[0015] According to a second example aspect there is provided an outer bearing bushing for a system for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher, configured to couple through a form-locking with a braking bushing of a cone crusher.

[0016] According to a third example aspect there is provided an anti-spin bushing system for a system for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher, comprising braking bushing and an outer bearing bushing of a cone crusher configured to couple with each other through a form-locking.

[0017] According to a fourth example aspect there is provided a crusher head for a system for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher, comprising at least one the braking bushing of the first example aspect and the outer bearing bushing of the second example aspect.

[0018] According to a fifth example aspect there is provided a cone crusher, comprising the crusher head of the fourth example aspect. According to a sixth example aspect there is provided a crushing plant, comprising the cone crusher of the fifth example aspect. The crushing plant may be a mobile crushing plant. The crushing plant may be towable. The crushing plant may be self-propelled.

[0019] The form-locking may be a tool-less form-locking. The form-locking may be a tooth clutch. The form-locking may comprise a plurality of complementary shapes. The complementary shapes may comprise teeth and slots.

[0020] According to a seventh example aspect there is provided a method for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher, comprising form-locking a braking bushing with an outer bearing bushing of the cone crusher; and inhibiting spinning of the crusher head by forming a friction connection between a frame of the cone crusher and the crusher head of the cone crusher using the form-locking, a braking surface of the braking bushing, and a brake.

[0021] According to an eighth example aspect there is provided a method for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher, comprising defining by the crusher head an inner cylindrical surface; supporting the crusher head by an outer eccentric surface via an outer bearing bushing and the inner cylindrical surface; supporting a braking bushing to the crusher head via the outer bearing bushing; supporting a brake to a main shaft of the cone crusher so that the brake has a vertical overlap with the braking bushing and the brake engages with some portion of the braking bushing over an entire rotation cycle of the outer eccentric surface; wherein the rotationally locking the outer bearing bushing to the crusher head comprises formlocking the braking bushing with the outer bearing bushing.

[0022] According to a ninth example aspect there is provided a system for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher that comprises the crusher head being configured to define an inner cylindrical surface; an outer eccentric surface defined by an eccentric bushing, configured to support the crusher head via an outer bearing bushing and the inner cylindrical surface; supporting a braking bushing to the crusher head via the outer bearing bushing; supporting a brake to a main shaft of the cone crusher so that the brake has a vertical overlap with the braking bushing and the brake engages with some portion of the braking bushing over an entire rotation cycle of the outer eccentric surface; wherein the rotationally locking the outer bearing bushing to the crusher head comprises form- locking the braking bushing with the outer bearing bushing.

[0023] According to a tenth example aspect there is provided a cone crusher comprising the system of the ninth example aspect.

[0024] Advantageously, the braking bushing may be assembled and dissembled without tools for fixing the braking bushing to any structure of the cone crusher.

[0025] The brake may have a circular outer side. The outer side may have a perimeter configured to contact with at least a portion the braking bushing, preferably by an adjacent part of the brake. The outer side may be generally cylindrical or conical. The outer side may comprise grooves. The grooves may perimetric.

[0026] The crusher head may be supported by an adjustment shaft. The adjustment shaft may extend through at least a portion of the main shaft. A hydraulic piston may be provided to move the adjustment shaft to extend further beyond a top end of the main shaft or to retract in an opposite direction.

[0027] The brake may comprise an upwards opening recess configured to receive at least a lower portion of the thrust bearing on adjusting the crusher head to a lower position.

[0028] The brake may be formed of single piece. The brake may be cast. The brake may be made of aluminium bronze. Alternatively, the brake may be made of steel.

[0029] The form-locking may comprise a plurality of teeth. The teeth may extend into respective slots.

[0030] The slots may be formed by an upper edge of the outer bearing bushing. The teeth may extend along the outer side of the braking bushing. Alternatively, the teeth may extend radially recessed in comparison to the outer side of the braking bushing.

[0031] The slots may be formed by a lower edge of the braking bushing. The teeth may extend along the outer side of the outer bearing bushing. Alternatively, the teeth may extend radially recessed in comparison to the outer side of the outer bearing bushing. Advantageously, the radially recessed teeth in comparison to the outer side may avoid causing a discontinuous engagement with the brake that could shorten lifetime of the brake.

[0032] The form-locking may comprise teeth formed in both the lower edge of the outer side of the braking bushing and in the upper edge of the outer bearing bushing.

[0033] The outer bearing bushing may define excess slots for a number of teeth in the form-locking.

[0034] The outer bearing bushing may be attached to the crusher head. The outer bearing bushing may be attached to the crusher head at a bottom part of the outer bearing bushing.

[0035] The teeth may have an inner surface with a greater radius than on an inner surface of the braking bushing.

[0036] Teeth may be inset to prevent contact in use with the or with the brake.

[0037] The teeth may be tapered or rounded at upper ends for facilitating assembly. The teeth may be tapered on upper trailing ends. T railing edge may refer to the edge of the tooth that last passes a given point, if the braking bushing starts to rotate along with the eccentric. Advantageously, by shaping abutting edges of the teeth perpendicularly contacting with respective teeth or edges of slots in the outer bearing bushing, wear can be avoided or reduced in the contacting surfaces.

[0038] The teeth may have a width of at least 20 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, or 100 mm.

[0039] The teeth may have a length of at least 20 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, or 100 mm.

[0040] The teeth may have a width / length ratio that is 1 , greater than 1 , or greater 1 .6.

[0041] The outer bearing bushing may reside between the outer eccentric surface and the inner cylindrical surface.

[0042] The outer eccentric surface may be defined by an eccentric bushing.

[0043] An inner bearing bushing may reside between the eccentric bushing and the main shaft.

[0044] The main shaft may be fixedly attached to a body of the cone crusher.

[0045] The system may be assembled at least partly upside down. The thrust bearing may be mounted to the crusher head, braking bushing and the outer bearing bushing be placed on bottom of the upside-down crusher head against the inner cylindrical surface, and the outer bearing bushing be fixed to the crusher head, e.g., on at least two sides of the bottom (operating time) of the crusher head. The inner bearing bushing and the eccentric may be lifted in place around the main shaft. Then, the adjustment shaft may be positioned, if not in place, and the brake may be mounted on top of the main shaft and partly over the eccentric. Then the crusher head may be lifted and turned to right direction and positioned into the cone crusher.

[0046] Different non-binding example aspects and embodiments have been illustrated in the foregoing. The embodiments in the foregoing are used merely to explain selected aspects or steps that may be utilized in different implementations. Some embodiments may be presented only with reference to certain example aspects. It should be appreciated that corresponding embodiments may apply to other example aspects as well.

[0047] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0048] Some example embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:

[0049] Figs. 1 and 2 show a sectional drawing of a cone crusher of an example embodiment;

[0050] Figs. 3 to 6 show different tooth clutch implementations of different example embodiments for form-locking a locking bushing with an outer bearing bushing;

[0051] Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of an example embodiment with an adjustment piston inside a crusher head;

[0052] Fig. 8 shows a mobile mineral material processing plant of an example embodiment; and Fig. 9 shows a flow chart according to an example embodiment.

[0053] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In the following description, like reference signs denote like elements or steps.

[0055] Figs. 1 and 2 show a sectional drawing of a cone crusher 100 of an example embodiment, comprising a crusher head 110 configured to define an inner cylindrical surface 112; an outer eccentric surface 132 defined by an eccentric 130, configured to support the crusher head 110 via an outer bearing bushing 120 and the inner cylindrical surface 112; a braking bushing 170 supported to the crusher head 110 via the outer bearing bushing 120; and a brake 180 supported to a main shaft 150 so that the brake 180 has a vertical overlap with the braking bushing 170 and the brake 180 engages with some portion of the braking bushing 170 over an entire rotation cycle of the outer eccentric surface 132; wherein a form-lock 510 (Fig. 5) for form-locking the braking bushing 170 with the outer bearing bushing 120.

[0056] The brake 180 may have a circular outer side. The outer side may have a perimeter configured to contact with at least a portion the braking bushing 170, preferably by an adjacent part of the brake 180. The outer side may be generally cylindrical or conical. The outer side may comprise grooves. The grooves may perimetric.

[0057] In an example embodiment, the braking bushing 170 comprises a breaking surface, e.g., as a cylinder surface on an interior of the braking bushing 170.

[0058] In an example embodiment, the crusher head 110 is supported by an adjustment shaft 160, as shown in Fig. 1. In an example embodiment, the adjustment shaft 160 extends through at least a portion of the main shaft 150. In an example embodiment, a hydraulic piston 165 is provided to move the adjustment shaft 160 to extend further beyond a top end of the main shaft 150 or to retract in an opposite direction. In Fig. 1 , the piston 165 resides in a cavity formed in a bottom end of the main shaft 150. In an example embodiment, the adjustment shaft extends from the piston up to a thrust bearing 190.

[0059] As described on introducing the brake 180, the brake engages with some portion of the braking bushing 170 over an entire rotation cycle of the outer eccentric surface 132. In an example embodiment, during crushing, eccentric or gyrating movement causes a contact between a continuously changing portion of the braking bushing 170 and adjacent portion of the brake 180.

[0060] In an example embodiment, the brake 180 comprises an upwards opening recess 310 as shown in Fig. 3 configured to receive at least a lower portion of the thrust bearing 190 on adjusting the crusher head 110 to a lower position.

[0061] In an example embodiment, the brake 180 is formed of single piece. In an example embodiment, the brake 180 is cast.

[0062] In an example embodiment, the form-lock 510 comprises a plurality of teeth 320, 330 as shown in Figs. 3 to 5. In an example embodiment, the teeth 320, 330 extend into respective slots (e.g. slot 331 in fig. 4). In an example embodiment, the slots are formed by adjacent teeth.

[0063] In an example embodiment, the slots are formed by an upper edge of the outer bearing bushing 120. In an example embodiment, the teeth 320 extend along the outer side of the braking bushing 170. Alternatively, the teeth 320 extend radially recessed in comparison to the outer side of the braking bushing 170, as illustrated in Fig. 3, for example.

[0064] In an example embodiment, the slots are formed by a lower edge of the braking bushing 170. In an example embodiment, the teeth 330 extend along the outer side of the outer bearing bushing 120. Alternatively, the teeth 330 extend radially recessed in comparison to the outer side of the outer bearing bushing 120, e.g., similarly to that how the teeth 320 are recessed in comparison to the outer side of the outer bearing bushing 120 shown in Fig. 3.

[0065] In an example embodiment, the form-lock 510 comprises teeth 320, 330 formed in both the lower edge of the outer side of the braking bushing 170 and in the upper edge of the outer bearing bushing 120.

[0066] In an example embodiment, the outer bearing bushing 120 defines excess slots for a number of teeth 320 in the braking bushing 170, or vice versa.

[0067] In an example embodiment, the teeth are of different lengths. In an example embodiment, the teeth extending from one body are longer than the teeth extending from an opposite body. In an example embodiment, the bodies are the braking bushing 170 and the outer bearing bushing 120.

[0068] Fig. 6 illustrates an example embodiment in which the teeth 320’ extending from the braking bushing 170 are longer than the teeth 330 extending from the outer bearing bushing 120.

[0069] In an example embodiment, the outer bearing bushing 120 is attached to the crusher head 110. In an example embodiment, the outer bearing bushing 120 is attached to the crusher head 110 at a bottom part of the outer bearing bushing 120, e.g., as shown in Fig. 2 with two bolts extending through lower hems of the outer bearing bushing 120 to the crusher head 110.

[0070] In an example embodiment, the teeth 320, 330 have an inner surface with a smaller radius than on an inner surface of the braking bushing 170, e.g., so as to extend the inner surface with relation towards the brake 180 so as to facilitate forming a contact between the brake and the continuous inner surface of the braking bushing 170 rather than the teeth 320, 330.

[0071] In an example embodiment, the outer bearing bushing 120 resides between the outer eccentric surface 132 and the inner cylindrical surface 112, as shown in Fig. 1 , for example.

[0072] In an example embodiment, the outer eccentric surface 132 is defined by an eccentric 130.

[0073] In an example embodiment, an inner bearing bushing 140 resides between the eccentric 130 and the main shaft 150.

[0074] In an example embodiment, the main shaft 150 is fixedly attached to a body of the cone crusher, e.g., as shown in Fig. 1.

[0075] In an example embodiment, the system is assembled at least partly upside down. In an example embodiment, the thrust bearing is mounted to the crusher head 110. In an example embodiment, the braking bushing 170 and the outer bearing bushing 120 are placed on bottom of the upside-down crusher head 110 against the inner cylindrical surface 112. In an example embodiment, the outer bearing bushing 120 is fixed to the crusher head 110, e.g., on at least two sides of the bottom (operating time) of the crusher head 110. In an example embodiment, the inner bearing bushing 140 and the eccentric bushing 130 are lifted in place around the main shaft 150. In an example embodiment, the adjustment shaft 160 is then positioned, if not in place, and the brake 180 is mounted on top of the main shaft 150 and partly over the eccentric 130. In an example embodiment, the crusher head 110 is then lifted and turned to right direction and positioned into the cone crusher.

[0076] Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of an example embodiment with an adjustment piston 165’ inside a crusher head. In this embodiment, no adjustment shaft is needed. Here, the adjustment piston 165’ is integrated with an upper portion of the thrust bearing. In an example embodiment, the adjustment piston is not so integrated but a part separate from the thrust bearing.

[0077] Fig. 8 shows a mobile mineral material processing plant 800 according to an example embodiment, comprising the crusher 100 of the second example aspect; and a mobile platform configured to support the crusher 100 and enable transportation of the crusher 100.

[0078] In an example embodiment, the mineral material processing plant 800 is suited for instance for open-pit mines for crushing stone material. The crusher 100 shown with the examples in Figs. 1-8 may be usable as a middle or secondary crusher, e.g., in fine crushing. In an example embodiment, the mineral material processing plant 800 comprises a body 810. In an example embodiment, the mineral material processing plant 800 comprises crawler tracks 820 are attached to enable independent movement. In an example embodiment, the mineral material processing plant 800 comprises a feeder 830 for feeding material for crushing, to the crusher 100. In an example embodiment, the feeder comprises a conveyor 840 and an emptying conveyor 850 for conveying the crushed material further, for instance to a heap beside the crushing plant. In an example embodiment, the mineral material processing plant 800 comprises a power source such as electric, diesel or other type of motor and transmission 860 from the power source to the crusher 100.

[0079] In an example embodiment, the feeder 830 is a lamella conveyor, belt conveyor or vibration feeder which can also be screening, separating fine aggregate from the material to be crushed before crushing.

[0080] In an example embodiment, instead of the crawler tracks 820, mobility is provided can be enabled with feet, skids or tires. In an example embodiment where the mineral material processing plant 800 is implemented with a track base, transportation on road on a cradle or equivalent transportation arrangement may be provided for. In an example embodiment where the mineral material processing plant 800 is implemented with tires, transportation on road may be enabled through towing, e.g., by a semi-trailer. Alternatively, the mineral material processing plant 800 may be a stationary crushing plant. In an example embodiment, the crusher 100 is a cone crusher or a gyratory crusher.

[0081] Fig. 9 shows a flow chart according to an example embodiment of a. Fig. 9 illustrates a method for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head of a cone crusher comprising various possible steps including some optional steps while also further steps can be included and / or some of the steps can be performed more than once:

[0082] 910: form-locking a braking bushing (170) with an outer bearing bushing (120) of the cone crusher; and

[0083] 920: inhibiting spinning of the crusher head (110) by forming a friction connection between a frame of the cone crusher and the crusher head (110) of the cone crusher using the formlocking, a braking surface (172) of the braking bushing (170), and a brake (180).

[0084] Various embodiments have been presented. It should be appreciated that in this document, words comprise; include; and contain are each used as open-ended expressions with no intended exclusivity.

[0085] The foregoing description has provided by way of non-limiting examples of particular implementations and embodiments a full and informative description of the best mode presently contemplated by the inventors for carrying out the invention. It is however clear to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the embodiments presented in the foregoing, but that it can be implemented in other embodiments using equivalent means or in different combinations of embodiments without deviating from the characteristics of the invention.

[0086] Furthermore, some of the features of the afore-disclosed example embodiments may be used to advantage without the corresponding use of other features. As such, the foregoing description shall be considered as merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and not in limitation thereof. Hence, the scope of the invention is only restricted by the appended patent claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A system for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head (110) of a cone crusher that comprises a braking bushing (170); and the braking bushing (170) further comprising a braking surface (172) for contacting with a brake (180) of the cone crusher for inhibiting spinning of the crusher head (110); characterized in that the system further comprises a form-locking configured to couple the braking bushing (170) with an outer bearing bushing (120) of the cone crusher.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises the outer bearing bushing (120).

3. A system for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head (110) of a cone crusher that comprises an outer bearing bushing (120) configured to be attached to the crusher head (110) at a bottom part of the outer bearing bushing (120); characterized in that the system further comprises a form-locking configured to couple the outer bearing bushing (120) with a braking bushing (170) of the cone crusher for contacting with a brake (180) of the cone crusher through the braking bushing for inhibiting spinning of the crusher head (110).

4. The system of claim 2 or 3, wherein the system further comprises the crusher head (110); and the outer bearing bushing (120) is attached to the crusher head (110).

5. The system of any one of preceding claims, wherein the system further comprises the brake (180); and the brake has a vertical overlap with the braking bushing (170) to allow vertical adjustment of the crusher head.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the brake (180) comprises an upwards opening recess configured to receive at least a lower portion of the thrust bearing on adjusting the crusher head (110) to a lower position.

7. The system of claim 5 or 6, wherein the brake (180) has a circular outer side.

8. The system of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the brake (180) is formed of single piece.

9. The system of any one of preceding claims, wherein the form-locking comprises a plurality of teeth.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the teeth are inset to prevent contact in use with the eccentric bushing (120) or with the brake (180).11 . The system of any one of preceding claims, wherein the form-locking comprises teeth formed in both the braking bushing (170) and in the outer bearing bushing (120); and the teeth have a different spacing in the braking bushing (170) than in the outer bearing bushing (120).

12. The system of claim 7 or 8, wherein the teeth are tapered or rounded at upper ends for facilitating assembly.

13. The system of any one of preceding claims comprising the cone crusher (100).

14. The system of any one of preceding claims comprising a crushing plant (800).

15. A method for inhibiting spinning of a crusher head (110) of a cone crusher, comprising form-locking a braking bushing (170) with an outer bearing bushing (120) of the cone crusher; characterized in that the method further comprises inhibiting spinning of the crusher head (110) by forming a friction connection between a frame of the cone crusher and the crusher head (110) of the cone crusher using the formlocking, a braking surface (172) of the braking bushing (170), and a brake (180).

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