Plastic container with oxygen scavenger coating on closure

Abstract

A container may include a bottle. A container may include a closure configured to couple to a finish of the bottle to close the bottle, the closure including a body defining a surface, an oxygen scavenger coating on at least a portion of the surface of the body, and an oxygen barrier coating on at least a portion of the oxygen scavenger coating.

Description

PLASTIC CONTAINER WITH OXYGEN SCAVENGER COATING ON CLOSURECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 677,289, filed July 30, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to beverage containers which include a bottle and a closure formed of plastic.BACKGROUND

[0003] The liquid contents stored within the interior of sealed containers may react with free oxygen molecules that are present in the sealed environment. This can adversely affect the concentration of ingredients or produce undesirable off flavors in beverage products and reduce shelf life.

[0004] Oxygen scavengers can be incorporated into hot fill and aseptic beverage products to protect oxygen-sensitive ingredients. For example, oxygen scavengers are sometimes blended with polyethylene terephthalate (PET), but this may have one or more undesirable aspects. Blending PET with oxygen scavengers can result in lower grade, hazy-colored PET containers and can also encumber recycling with a clear PET stream. An alternative approach to oxygen scavengers is to use passive oxygen barriers. Passive oxygen barriers are materials that have the ability to block and prevent the ingress of oxygen through the walls of a container. However, the use of passive oxygen barriers alone can result in oxygen that is trapped in the head space of the container, such as during the container filling process.SUMMARY

[0005] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a container including: a bottle; and a closure configured to couple to a finish of the bottle to close the bottle, the closure including a body defining a surface, an oxygen scavenger coating on at least a portion of thesurface of the body, and an oxygen barrier coating on at least a portion of the oxygen scavenger coating.

[0006] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a closure including: a body defining an interior base surface and an interior circumferential side surface; an oxygen scavenger coating on at least a portion of the interior base surface; and an oxygen barrier coating on at least a portion of the oxygen scavenger coating.

[0007] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method of manufacturing a closure for a bottle, the method including: forming a closure body configured to removably couple to the bottle, the closure body defining a surface; printing an oxygen scavenger coating on at least a portion of the surface of the closure body.

[0008] Other examples, embodiments, features, and aspects will become apparent by consideration of the detailed description and accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0001] FIG. 1 is an elevational view of an example container.

[0002] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an underside of a closure of the container of FIG. 1.

[0003] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a top side of the closure of FIG. 2.

[0004] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an underside of a closure of the container of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment.

[0005] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a top side of the closure of FIG. 4.

[0006] FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a closure of the container of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment.

[0007] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a print head operable to apply a coating to a closure.

[0008] FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a print head operable to apply a coating to a closure according to another embodiment.

[0009] FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of an exemplary method for manufacturing a container.

[0009] FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of an exemplary method for manufacturing a container according to another embodiment.

[0010] Before any embodiments of the disclosure are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] Materials, methods and techniques disclosed and contemplated herein relate to oxygen scavengers and oxygen barriers in containers. More particularly, exemplary implementations may involve coating a closure of a container with an oxygen scavenger, including but not limited to a portion of the closure of the container. Exemplary containers are typically suited for liquid contents.I. Example Oxygen Scavengers and Example Passive Oxygen Barriers

[0012] Exemplary containers include oxygen scavengers coated on a container closure.More specifically, the oxygen scavengers can be coated on at least one surface of the container closure, such as a surface in communication with an interior of the container, an exterior surface of the container closure, or both. In some instances, exemplary containers may also include oxygen barriers coated on the container closure, such as over the coating of the oxygen scavengers. In some instances, exemplary containers may also include passive oxygen barriers in the sidewall materials. Exemplary aspects of oxygen scavengers and passive oxygen barriers are discussed below.A. Oxygen Scavengers

[0013] Exemplary oxygen scavengers are capable of reacting with free oxygen in an adjacent environment, thereby eliminating most or all free oxygen in the environment. The reaction mechanism involves an oxygen scavenging agent, which acts as a reducing agent, becoming oxidized upon interaction with free oxygen molecules, thereby converting oxygen to a reducedand non-reactive species. Oxygen scavengers can include organic, metallic, inorganic, polymer- based, or enzyme-based agents, or combinations thereof.

[0014] Exemplary oxygen scavengers are capable of being applied to the surface of containers or closures as a thin layer coating. Application of the coating can be accomplished by various methods known in the art including spraying, dipping, and the like. Application can also be accomplished by a printing method as described herein. The application process can be selectively adjusted based on one or more predetermined criteria.

[0015] Exemplary metallic oxygen scavengers may include one or more of iron powder, activated iron, ferrous oxide, iron salt, cobalt, copper, manganese, or zinc. Exemplary organic oxygen scavengers may include one or more of ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid salts, isoascorbic acid, tocopherol (vitamins C and E), hydroquinone, catechol, rongalit, sorbose, lignin, gallic acid, or polyunsaturated fatty acids. Exemplary inorganic oxygen scavengers may include one or more of sulfite, thiosulfate, dithionite, hydrogen sulfite, or titanium dioxide. Exemplary polymer- based oxygen scavengers may include one or more of oxidation-reduction resins or polymermetallic complexes. Exemplary enzyme-based oxygen scavengers may include one or more of glucose oxidase, laccase, or ethanol oxidase.

[0016] Commercially available examples of oxygen scavengers suitable for PET include OxyClear®, available from Indorama Ventures (Bangkok, Thailand) and Colormatrix Amosorb™ 4020G, available from Avient (Avon Lake, Ohio).B. Passive Oxygen Barriers

[0017] Exemplary passive oxygen barriers are capable of blocking the ingress of free oxygen into an adjacent environment. Passive oxygen barriers can block oxygen by forming tight molecular blocks that prevent permeation of oxygen and other gases. In the context of beverage containers, passive oxygen barriers can prevent migration of oxygen molecules outside of the beverage container across the plastic sidewall and into the interior of the beverage container.

[0018] Exemplary passive oxygen barriers may include polyamides produced from m- xylylenediamine (MXDA), including nylon-MXD6. Other exemplary passive oxygen barriers may include one or more polymers including polyethylene furanoate (PEF), polyethylenenaphthalate (PEN), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polyamide-6 (PA6), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), or polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC).

[0019] Exemplary passive oxygen barriers are also capable of being applied to the surface of closures as a thin layer coating. The thin layer coating of the passive oxygen barrier can be applied over another thin layer coating of an oxygen scavenger. Application of the coating can be accomplished by various methods known in the art including spraying, dipping, and the like. Application can also be accomplished by a printing method as described herein. The application process can be selectively adjusted based on one or more predetermined criteria.II. Example Bottle and Closure of ContainerA. Bottle

[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates an elevational view of an example of an embodiment of a container 100. The container 100 can be used for storing liquid contents, such as a beverage for consumption (e.g., water, juice, a carbonated beverage, a noncarbonated beverage, tea, coffee, sports drink, etc.). The container 100 includes a bottle 102 having a base 104 that extends to a sidewall 108. In some embodiments, the base 104 may include various geometries defined by a plurality of radial recesses, although other configurations of the base 104 may be incorporated into the container 100, without limitation. The sidewall 108 can include a label panel portion 116. The sidewall 108 transitions into a shoulder 124, which connects to a bell 128.

[0021] The bell 128 connects to a neck 136, which defines a finish portion 140. As shown in FIG. 1, the bell 128 includes a diameter that generally decreases along the bell 128 from the shoulder 124 to the neck 136. The finish portion 140 can include a helical bead (not shown) that is configured to selectively engage a closure 144 (e.g., a container cap, etc.). More specifically, the helical bead can engage a corresponding helical groove defined by an interior of the closure 144 to seal the beverage within the container 100. The neck 136 and finish portion 140 generally define an opening that leads to an interior of the bottle 102. The opening provides selective access to the contents of the container 100, with the closure 144 selectively sealing the opening.

[0022] In some embodiments, the container 100 may also include one or more passive oxygen barriers. Typically, when included, passive oxygen barriers are included in the bottle 102of the container 100, and can be incorporated into the base 104, the sidewall 108, the shoulder 124, the bell 128, and / or the neck 136.B. Closure

[0023] FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate perspective views of an example of the closure 144 for use with the container 100. The closure 144 includes a closure body 146 having an interior base surface 148 that transitions into an interior circumferential side surface 152. In some embodiments, the interior circumferential side surface 152 may include the helical groove configured to selectively engage the helical bead defined by the finish portion 140 to selectively seal the opening to contain the beverage within the container 100. The closure body 146 of the closure 144 also includes an exterior circumferential side surface 156 that transitions into an exterior top surface 160.

[0024] Exemplary closures are typically constructed of a plastic material. In some instances, exemplary closures may be formed of one or more grades of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). In other instances, exemplary closures may be formed of PET.

[0025] Exemplary closures also include an oxygen scavenger coating 162 on one or more portions of the interior surface of the closure body 146. In some embodiments, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is applied to the interior base surface 148. In some embodiments, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is applied to the interior circumferential side surface 152. In some embodiments, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is applied to both the interior base surface 148 and the interior circumferential side surface 152.

[0026] With reference to FIG. 3, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is also applied to the exterior circumferential side surface 156 and to the exterior top surface 160. In some embodiments, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is applied to all of the interior base surface 148, the interior circumferential side surface 152, the exterior circumferential side surface 156, and the exterior top surface 160. In other embodiments, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is applied to only the exterior circumferential side surface 156 and the exterior top surface 160. In other embodiments, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is applied to only the exterior top surface 160. In further embodiments, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is applied to only the interior base surface 148 and the exterior top surface 160.

[0027] Application of the oxygen scavenger coating 162 could be accomplished by printing, for example. The application process can be selectively adjusted based on various criteria, such as the closure material, closure size, and interaction between closure and finish portion.

[0028] FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate perspective views of an example of a closure 144a for use with the container 100. The closure 144a is similar to the closure 144 discussed herein, and the following description will focus on the differences between the closure 144a and the closure 144. Like the closure 144, the closure 144a includes the same features of the closure body 146, the interior base surface 148, the interior circumferential side surface 152, the exterior circumferential side surface 156, and the exterior top surface 160.

[0029] The closure 144a includes an oxygen scavenger coating 162a on one or more portions of at least one of the interior base surface 148, the interior circumferential side surface 152, the exterior circumferential side surface 156, and the exterior top surface 160. The closure 144a further includes an oxygen barrier coating 163a applied as a thin layer over all or portions of the oxygen scavenger coating 162a. The oxygen barrier coating 163a may be formed from a semi- permeable oxygen scavenger which allows oxygen and other gasses to permeate therethrough and encounter the oxygen scavenger coating 162a at a metered and predictable rate.

[0030] In some examples, the oxygen barrier coating 163a can also or alternatively be formed from a water-activated oxygen scavenger. The water-activated oxygen scavenger can be relatively less permeable to oxygen prior to water activation. After water activation, the water- activated oxygen scavenger may become relatively more permeable to oxygen. Thus, before the closure 144a has been applied to the bottle 102, the inactivated oxygen barrier coating 163a largely prevents the oxygen scavenger coating 162a from scavenging oxygen, which preserves the scavenging capacity of the oxygen scavenger coating 162a. After the closure 144a is applied to the bottle 102, the water-based beverage within the bottle 102 activates the oxygen barrier coating 163a so that it becomes permeable or semi-permeable. Oxygen trapped within a headspace of the bottle 102 then permeates the oxygen barrier coating 163 a and reacts with the oxygen scavenger coating 162a, which scavenges the oxygen. This arrangement prevents the oxygen scavenger coating 162a from becoming prematurely depleted before the closure 144a is assembled on the bottle 102.

[0031] FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating portions of an example of a closure 144b for use with the container 100. The closure 144b is similar to the closure 144a described herein but further includes a seal lip 161 protruding from the interior base surface 148 of the closure body 146. The seal lip 161 is annular in shape and forms a seal against an interior surface of the finish portion 140. As shown in FIG. 6, the closure 144b includes both the oxygen scavenger coating 162a and the oxygen barrier coating 163a. The oxygen scavenger coating 162a is located on the seal lip 161. The oxygen barrier coating 163a is applied over the portion of the oxygen scavenger coating 162a that covers the seal lip 161.III. Example Print Heads

[0032] In some embodiments, the oxygen scavenger coating 162 is accomplished by a printing process. With reference to FIG. 7, a print head 164 is operable to apply the oxygen scavenger coating 162 to one or more of the surfaces 148, 152, 156 by printing. The print head 164 includes a nozzle 165 having a housing 166 which defines an interior space 168. The interior space 168 holds an oxygen scavenging material 170 in liquid form prior to printing. After application, the oxygen scavenging material 170 solidifies to form the oxygen scavenger coating 162 on the closure body 146. The housing 166 tapers toward an outlet 172 in the shape of a funnel or a wedge.

[0033] In operation, the print head 164 is located in close proximity to the closure body 146 and the oxygen scavenging material 170 is ejected through the outlet 172 toward the surfaces of the closure body 146 (e.g., toward the interior base surface 148). The applied oxygen scavenging material 170 then hardens to form the oxygen scavenger coating 162 on the closure body 146.

[0034] In the illustrated embodiment, the print head 164 is shown having just one nozzle 165, but in other embodiments, the print head 164 may include multiple nozzles 165. The multiple nozzles 165 may have the same or differing orientations in order to sufficiently apply the oxygen scavenger coating 162 to one or more of the surfaces 148, 152, 156, 160 as desired.

[0035] The oxygen scavenger coating 162a and the oxygen barrier coating 163a of the closure 144a can also be applied via the print head 164 in similar manners.

[0036] FIG. 8 illustrates an alternative print head 164a which is similar to the print head 164 but is capable of electrostatically printing the oxygen scavenging material 170 onto the closure body 146. The print head 164a includes a nozzle 165a having, in addition to a housing 166a defining an interior space 168 and an outlet 172a, an electrode 174a. The illustrated electrode 174a is needle-shaped. The electrode 174a may be actuated by a control device 176a to energize the electrode 174a with an electrical potential that is different from the oxygen scavenging material 170. When the electrode 174a is energized, an induced electrostatic field causes the oxygen scavenging material 170 to spray out of the outlet 172 as atomized charged droplets which adhere to the surfaces of the closure body 146. The droplets then harden to form the oxygen scavenger coating 162 on the closure body 146.

[0037] The oxygen scavenger coating 162a and the oxygen barrier coating 163a of the closure 144a can also be applied via the print head 164a in similar manners.

[0038] In some embodiments, the thickness of the oxygen scavenger coating 162 on the closure body 146 ranges from about 0.1 nm to about 100 pm. In some embodiments, the concentration of the oxygen scavenger in oxygen scavenger coating 162 ranges from about 5 % to about 50 %.

[0039] In some embodiments, the thickness of the oxygen scavenger coating 162a on the closure body 146 ranges from about 0.1 nm to about 100 pm. In some embodiments, the concentration of the oxygen scavenger in oxygen scavenger coating 162a ranges from about 5 % to about 50 %. In some embodiments, the thickness of the oxygen barrier coating 163a on the closure body 146 ranges from about 0.1 nm to about 100 pm. In some embodiments, the concentration of the oxygen scavenger in oxygen barrier coating 163a ranges from about 5 % to about 50 %.

[0040] In some embodiments, two or more coatings may be applied to the closure body 146 in layers. For example, a first print head 164 (or print head 164a) can apply the oxygen scavenging material 170 on one or more portions of at least one of the interior base surface 148, the interior circumferential side surface 152, the exterior circumferential side surface 156, and the exterior top surface 160. The applied oxygen scavenging material 170 then hardens to form the oxygen scavenger coating 162a (FIG. 4). Then, a second print head 164 (or print head 164a),which holds an oxygen barrier material, can apply the oxygen barrier material over top of the oxygen scavenger coating 162a. The applied oxygen barrier material then hardens to form the oxygen barrier coating 163a.III. Example Methods of Manufacture

[0041] FIG. 9 is an example process 200 for manufacturing a container 100. The process 200 begins at operation 204, where the bottle 102 of the container 100 is manufactured. For example, the bottle 102 can be blow molded from a preform using a blow molding process. In other embodiments, the bottle 102 can be molded in any generally known or desired process for producing the bottle 102.

[0042] In some embodiments, the bottle 102 can be manufactured from a PET preform that is blended with one or more passive oxygen barriers. For example, the PET preform can be mixed with one or more passive oxygen barriers to create a blended preform that can then be blow molded to generate the bottle 102 as described above. In other embodiments, the bottle 102 can be manufactured from a PET preform that is multi-layered by co-injection with one or more passive oxygen barriers. For example, the PET preform can be injected as a PET layer, followed by injection of a separate layer including one or more passive oxygen barriers, followed by injection of another separate PET layer. The multi-layered preform can then be blow molded to generate the bottle 102 as described above. In other embodiments, the bottle 102 can be manufactured by blow molding a PET preform that does not include passive oxygen barriers.

[0043] At operation 208, an oxygen scavenger coating can be applied via printing to at least a portion of an inner surface of the closure 144 of the container 100 to form the oxygen scavenger coating 162 (FIG. 2). For example, one or more oxygen scavengers can be spray coated onto the interior base surface 148 and / or the interior circumferential side surface 152 of the closure 144 of the container 100. Operation 208 can occur in parallel or in series relative to operation 204. In other examples, the one or more oxygen scavengers can printed onto the interior base surface 148, the interior circumferential side surface 152, the exterior circumferential side surface 156, and / or the exterior top surface 160 of the closure 144, via the print head 164 or the print head 164a (FIGS. 6 and 7).

[0044] Next, at operation 212 the bottle 102 can be filled with a liquid (or a beverage). The bottle 102 can be filled via an aseptic filling process or via a non-aseptic filling process. After filling, the bottle 102 can be capped through application of the closure 144 to form the container 100. In other operations, the bottle 102 can be disinfected prior to filling of the bottle 102 (e.g., aseptic) or after filling of the bottle 102 (e g., non-aseptic). The container 100 exits operation 212 with the liquid in the container 100 and the removable closure 144 attached, sealing the opening.

[0045] At operation 216, the container 100 proceeds to any additional processing operations that can include application of a label, sorting, packaging (e.g., shrink wrap application in cases, application of a handle, etc.), palletizing, etc.

[0046] FIG. 10 is another example process 300 for manufacturing a container 100. The process 300 is similar to the process 200 described herein. For example, the process 300 begins at operation 304, where the bottle 102 is manufactured.

[0047] At operation 308, an oxygen scavenger coating can be applied to at least a portion of a surface of the closure 144a of the container 100 to form the oxygen scavenger coating 162a (FIG. 4). For example, one or more oxygen scavengers can be spray coated onto the one or more oxygen scavengers can printed onto the interior base surface 148, the interior circumferential side surface 152, the exterior circumferential side surface 156, and / or the exterior top surface 160 of the closure 144a of the container 100. Operation 308 can occur in parallel or in series relative to operation 304. In other examples, the one or more oxygen scavengers can printed onto the interior base surface 148, the interior circumferential side surface 152, the exterior circumferential side surface 156, and / or the exterior top surface 160 of the closure 144a, via the print head 164 or the print head 164a (FIGS. 7 and 8).

[0048] At operation 312, an oxygen barrier coating can be applied to at least a portion of an inner surface of the closure 144a of the container 100 to form the oxygen barrier coating 163a. For example, one or more oxygen barriers can be sprayed overtop of the oxygen scavenger coating 162a formed at operation 308. In other examples, the one or more oxygen barriers can printed overtop of the oxygen scavenger coating 162a, via the print head 164 or the print head 164a (FIGS. 7 and 8).

[0049] Next, at operation 316 the bottle 102 can be filled with a liquid (or a beverage). The filling of the bottle 102 can include filling (e.g., aseptic, non-aseptic, etc.). After filling, the bottle 102 can be capped through application of the closure 144a to form the container 100. In other operations, the bottle 102 can be disinfected prior to filling of the bottle 102 (e.g., aseptic) or after filling of the bottle 102 (e.g., non-aseptic). The container 100 exits operation 316 with the liquid in the container 100 and the removable closure 144a attached, sealing the opening. The liquid within the container can then activate the oxygen barrier coating 163a.

[0050] At operation 320, the container 100 proceeds to any additional processing operations that can include application of a label, sorting, packaging (e.g., shrink wrap application in cases, application of a handle, etc.), palletizing, etc.

[0051] It is understood that the foregoing detailed description and accompanying examples are merely illustrative and are not to be taken as limitations upon the scope of the disclosure. Various changes and modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications, including without limitation those relating to the chemical structures, substituents, derivatives, intermediates, syntheses, compositions, formulations, or methods of use, may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A container comprising: a bottle; and a closure configured to couple to a finish of the bottle to close the bottle, the closure including a body defining a surface, an oxygen scavenger coating on at least a portion of the surface of the body, and an oxygen barrier coating on at least a portion of the oxygen scavenger coating.

2. The container of claim 1, wherein the oxygen barrier coating becomes more permeable to oxygen in response to being activated by contact with water.

3. The container of claim 1, wherein the surface comprises an interior base surface and an interior circumferential side surface, and wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is located on the interior base surface.

4. The container of claim 3, wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is also located on the interior circumferential side surface.

5. The container of claim 1, wherein the surface includes an exterior top surface and an exterior circumferential side surface, and wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is located on the exterior top surface.

6. The container of claim 5, wherein the surface further comprises an interior base surface and an interior circumferential side surface, and wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is also located on the interior base surface.

7. The container of claim 6, wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is also located on the interior circumferential side surface and on the exterior circumferential side surface.

8. The container of claim 1, wherein the body further comprises a seal lip protruding from the surface and defining a seal lip surface, and wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is also located on at least a portion of the seal lip surface.

9. A closure comprising: a body defining an interior base surface and an interior circumferential side surface; an oxygen scavenger coating on at least a portion of the interior base surface; and an oxygen barrier coating on at least a portion of the oxygen scavenger coating.

10. The closure of claim 9, wherein the oxygen barrier coating becomes more permeable to oxygen in response to being activated by contact with water.

11. The closure of claim 9, wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is also located on the interior circumferential side surface.

12. The closure of claim 9, wherein the body further defines an exterior top surface and an exterior circumferential side surface, and wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is located on the exterior top surface.

13. The closure of claim 12, wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is also located on the interior circumferential side surface and on the exterior circumferential side surface.

14. The closure of claim 9, wherein the body further comprises a seal lip protruding from the interior base surface and defining a seal lip surface, and wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is also located on at least a portion of the seal lip surface.

15. The closure of claim 14, wherein the oxygen barrier coating covers all of the oxygen scavenger coating.

16. A method of manufacturing a closure for a bottle, the method comprising: forming a closure body configured to removably couple to the bottle, the closure body defining a surface; and printing an oxygen scavenger coating on at least a portion of the surface of the closure body.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is electrostatically printed on the at least a portion of the surface.

18. The method of claim 16, further comprising printing an oxygen barrier coating on at least a portion of the oxygen scavenger coating.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the oxygen barrier coating is electrostatically printed on the at least a portion of the oxygen scavenger coating.

20. the method of claim 18, wherein the surface comprises an interior base surface and an interior side surface, and wherein the oxygen scavenger coating is located on the interior base surface.

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