Analysis and evaluation method and system for control function of scada system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power system automation. Disclosed are an analysis and evaluation method and system for a control function of an SCADA system. The method comprises: combining remote-control process elements to form a rule library; using the rule library and an analysis and evaluation interface to analyze the cause of a remote-control failure; on the basis of the rule library, analyzing a remote-control event; and compiling statistics on remote-control events and analysis results, displaying same, and marking different types of problems. In the analysis and evaluation method for a control function of an SCADA system provided in the present invention, the accuracy and reliability of a remote-control operation are improved by establishing a rule library, and the cause of a remote-control failure is analyzed by using the rule library and an analysis and evaluation interface, thereby improving the stability and safety of the operation of a power grid; and remote-control events are analyzed on the basis of the rule library, thereby improving the handling efficiency and accuracy of the remote-control events. The present invention achieves relatively good effects in terms of handling efficiency, timely discovery of defects and hidden dangers, and stability.

Description

SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method and system TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power system automation, in particular to a SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of modern power systems, SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) technology is increasingly widely used in power systems. As the core technology of power system automation, SCADA systems ensure the stable operation and efficient management of power grids by real-time monitoring and control of power equipment. Early SCADA systems mainly relied on manual monitoring and had relatively simple functions, mainly realizing data acquisition and simple control operations. With the development of information technology, SCADA systems have gradually introduced more automation and intelligent functions, such as automatic fault detection, remote operation, real-time data analysis, etc. These advances have greatly improved the efficiency and safety of power system operation. However, with the expansion of the scale and complexity of power grids, existing SCADA systems still have many shortcomings in the analysis and evaluation of control functions, and further improvement and optimization are needed.

[0003] Although modern SCADA systems have powerful data acquisition and monitoring capabilities, they still face many challenges in remote control operations. For example, the reasons for remote control failure are complex and diverse, involving equipment failure, communication interruption, control logic error, etc. Existing SCADA systems often lack systematicness and accuracy in analyzing the reasons for remote control failure, and cannot timely discover and solve problems, affecting the reliability of power system operation. In addition, existing SCADA systems in the evaluation of remote control operations mostly only stay at the level of simple data recording and statistical analysis, lacking in-depth analysis and intelligent evaluation mechanism, making it difficult to provide effective decision support for dispatching, maintenance and repair personnel. Therefore, a new SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method is needed, which combines the changes in power flow data, alarm logic and timing during remote control, establishes a systematic rule base, and uses intelligent analysis tools to comprehensively analyze and evaluate remote control operations, improving the efficiency and safety of power system operation.

[0004] SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present application is that the existing SCADA system remote control operation method has the problems of inaccurate displacement information, low accuracy, low running efficiency, and difficulty in effectively distinguishing different types of alarm signals.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method, comprising combining remote control process elements to form a rule base; using the rule base and an analysis and evaluation interface to analyze the reasons for remote control failure; analyzing remote control events based on the rule base; and statistically displaying and marking different types of problems based on remote control events and analysis results.

[0008] As a preferred scheme of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method, wherein: the combining remote control process elements to form a rule base comprises that the power flow data change in the remote control process includes:

[0009] If the remote control execution is successful, the original power and current of the line suddenly change to data close to 0;

[0010] If the remote control execution is successful, the voltage corresponding to the bus should suddenly change from the rated value to data close to 0;

[0011] If the remote control execution is successful, the voltage corresponding to the bus should suddenly change from data close to 0 to greater than 0.65Un;

[0012] If the remote control execution is successful, the original power and current of the line suddenly change from data close to 0 to a value greater than 0;

[0013] For switches, disconnectors, pressure plates, and on-load voltage regulating devices of main transformers, the remote control events are divided into three categories:

[0014] Remote control success;

[0015] Remote control success with abnormalities;

[0016] Remote control failure;

[0017] After the remote control execution command is issued, if a correct position signal is received within 40 seconds, and the power flow data change and the associated signal state are correct, it is determined that the remote control is successful;

[0018] If a correct position signal is received, but the power flow data change or the associated signal state has abnormalities, it is determined that the remote control is successful with abnormalities;

[0019] If a correct position signal is not received, it is determined that the remote control fails, and at this time, the reasons for the remote control failure are analyzed and judged based on the power flow data change and the associated signal state.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method described in this invention, the step of combining remote control process elements to form a rule base includes associated signals including:

[0021] Causes of remote control failure of switch and disconnector: KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, corresponding position not sent in time, corresponding position signal double position error, control circuit disconnection, spring not stored energy, switch oil pressure drop alarm, switch oil pressure drop interlocking opening and closing, motor power circuit breaker tripping, motor power failure, control power circuit breaker tripping, control power failure, energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device put into maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate put into operation, disconnector mechanism handle local operation, mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking closing, device interlocking, device alarm, RTU communication interruption;

[0022] Causes of remote control failure of switch and disconnector: KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, corresponding position not sent in time, corresponding position signal double position error, control circuit disconnection, switch oil pressure reduction alarm, switch oil pressure reduction interlocking opening and closing, motor power circuit breaker tripping, motor power failure, control power circuit breaker tripping, control power failure, energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device put into maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate put into operation, disconnector mechanism handle local operation, mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking closing, device interlocking, device alarm, RTU communication interruption;

[0023] Causes of on-load tap changer failure: communication interruption of monitoring and control device, device under maintenance, maintenance hard plate engaged, tap changer locked, on-load tap changer local, transformer tap position not changed or changed incorrectly, device locked, device alarm, RTU communication interruption.

[0024] Causes of remote control failure of the pressure plate: communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, device under maintenance, hard pressure plate under maintenance, pressure plate status not changing or changing incorrectly, device lockout, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, remote soft pressure plate withdrawal.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method described in this invention, the analysis of the causes of remote control failure using a rule base and analysis and evaluation interface includes studying the changes in power flow data, alarm logic and timing and associated signal status during the remote control process, combining the remote control point table, using the rule base and analysis and evaluation interface to analyze the remote control process, discovering anomalies in the remote control events, and analyzing the causes of remote control failure.

[0026] For cases where remote control was successful but an anomaly occurred, the following issues were identified:

[0027] The execution was successful, but there were false alarms. During the execution, Class I alarm signals and change signals occurred at the same plant.

[0028] The execution was successful, but there was a missed alarm: the spring was not charged when the switch was closed, and the signal did not go through the process from closed to open.

[0029] Execution was successful, but the rule base association signals are incorrect, including:

[0030] For switches, among the following related signals: KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, monitoring and control device communication interruption, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, spring not stored energy, switch oil pressure reduction alarm, switch oil pressure reduction interlocking opening and closing, energy storage power supply circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate activation, mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking closing, device interlocking, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption, one or more signals are in the closed position;

[0031] For disconnectors, among the following associated signals: KK handle local, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power circuit breaker tripping, motor power failure, control power circuit breaker tripping, control power failure, energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate engagement, disconnector mechanism handle local, mechanism box handle local, device lockout, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption, one or more signals are in the closed position.

[0032] For on-load tap changer, among the related signals of communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, device maintenance, maintenance hard plate activation, interlocking of tap changer, interlocking of on-load tap changer local device, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption, one or more signals are in the closed position.

[0033] For the pressure plate, among the related signals such as communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, device maintenance, hard pressure plate engagement during maintenance, device interlocking, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, and remote soft pressure plate disengagement, one or more signals are in the closed position.

[0034] Execution was successful, but the power flow data changes incorrectly, including:

[0035] The control and disengagement of the line bay switch under load was successfully executed, but the original power and current of the line did not suddenly change to data close to 0;

[0036] The interval serves as the single power supply side of a certain busbar, but when the interval switch control is successfully executed, the corresponding busbar voltage does not change from the rated value to a value close to 0.

[0037] The bay serves as the single power supply side of a certain busbar. The bay switch closing was successfully executed, but the voltage of the corresponding busbar did not change abruptly from near 0 to greater than 0.65Un.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method described in this invention, the analysis of the causes of remote control failure using a rule base and analysis and evaluation interface includes, for the case of remote control failure, the analysis problems include:

[0039] The system analyzes whether the associated signals in the rule base are correct and outputs incorrect content as the analysis result. When an associated signal is abnormal, causing remote control failure, the abnormal signal is output as the analysis result for reference by dispatch, patrol, and maintenance personnel. Abnormal signals include:

[0040] For switches, the following issues may cause remote control failure: local operation of KK handle, local operation of control cabinet switch, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, remote five-proof unlocking of KK handle, control circuit disconnection, spring not stored energy, switch oil pressure reduction alarm, switch oil pressure reduction interlocking opening and closing, energy storage power supply circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate activation, local operation of mechanism box handle, low air pressure interlocking closing, device interlocking, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption. Signals in the closed position may cause remote control failure and require key investigation.

[0041] For disconnectors, the following signals may cause remote control failure: KK handle local connection, communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power circuit breaker tripping, motor power failure, control power circuit breaker tripping, control power failure, energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate engagement, disconnector mechanism handle local connection, mechanism box handle local connection, device lockout, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption. Signals in the closed position may cause remote control failure and require key investigation.

[0042] For on-load tap changers, remote control failures may occur due to signals in the following associated signals: communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, device maintenance, maintenance hard plate activation, interlocking of tap changers, interlocking of on-load tap changers local devices, device alarms, and RTU communication interruption. These signals need to be investigated carefully.

[0043] For the pressure plate, the following signals may cause remote control failure: communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, device maintenance, hard pressure plate engagement during maintenance, device lockout, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, and remote soft pressure plate disengagement. These signals may be in the "closed" position and require thorough investigation.

[0044] Analyze whether Class I alarm signals and change signals occur at the same plant during remote control execution, and output the signals as analysis results to remind on-site investigation;

[0045] Analyze whether the remote control position change signal takes more than 40 seconds to be sent, or whether there is any abnormality in the position change signal. If the dual position signal is sent, there is a double position error. The relevant equipment sends the open and close positions simultaneously.

[0046] There is a missing alarm; the switch failed to close, but the spring did not store energy, and the change signal was missing during the closing and opening process.

[0047] There are missing alarms, displacement alarms are missing, combined with the change of the flow data, including:

[0048] The line interval switch control fails to execute, but the original power and current of the line have suddenly changed to near 0 data;

[0049] The interval is the single power side of the bus, the interval switch control fails to execute, but the voltage corresponding to the bus changes from the rated value to near 0 data;

[0050] The interval is the single power side of the bus, the interval switch control fails to execute, but the voltage corresponding to the bus changes from near 0 data to greater than 0.65Un;

[0051] When the line interval switch control is executed with load, the remote control fails, but the original power and current of the line have suddenly changed from near 0 data to greater than zero drift value.

[0052] As a preferred scheme of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method described in the application, wherein: the analysis of the remote control event based on the rule base includes that when the remote control event occurs, the tool analyzes the remote control event according to the rule base and gives a briefing, which includes the remote control event, the execution situation, and the control function correctness analysis;

[0053] The remote control event is to list the remote control process operation record and the same station alarm in the corresponding time period as the basic data for the reference of dispatchers, patrol and maintenance personnel;

[0054] The execution situation is to give the final analysis result, and for switches, switches, pressure plates, and on-load voltage regulation devices, the remote control event is divided into three categories, including:

[0055] Remote control success; remote control success with abnormality; remote control failure;

[0056] Control function correctness analysis, for the case of remote control success with abnormality, the output analysis content includes:

[0057] The execution is successful, but there is a false alarm, the false alarm signal is output as the analysis result, and the same station I type alarm signal and displacement signal occur in the execution process;

[0058] The execution is successful, but there is a missing alarm, the missing alarm signal is output as the analysis result, and the spring has not been energized signal has not experienced the process from closing to opening when the switch is closed;

[0059] The execution is successful, but the rule base associated signal is incorrect, which helps dispatchers, patrol and maintenance personnel to carry out investigation and display content including:

[0060] For the switch, the KK handle is shown in place, the switch in the control cabinet is operated in place, the communication of the measuring and controlling device is interrupted, the KK handle is unlocked remotely, the control circuit is disconnected, the spring is not stored, the switch oil pressure is reduced, the switch is locked and closed, the energy storage power is tripped, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put in, the mechanism box handle is in place, the gas pressure is low, the device is locked, the device is alarmed, and the RTU communication interruption associated signal is in the signal.

[0061] For the knife gap, the KK handle is shown in place, the measuring and controlling device communication is interrupted, the KK handle is unlocked remotely, the control circuit is disconnected, the motor power is tripped, the motor power is faulty, the control power is tripped, the control power is faulty, the energy storage power is tripped, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put in, the knife gap mechanism handle is in place, the mechanism box handle is in place, the device is locked, the device is alarmed, and the RTU communication interruption associated signal is in the signal.

[0062] For the load regulation and regulation, the measuring and controlling device communication is interrupted, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put in, the regulation is locked, the load regulation is in place, the device is locked, the device is alarmed, and the RTU communication interruption associated signal is in the signal.

[0063] For the pressure plate, the measuring and controlling device communication is interrupted, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put in, the device is locked, the device is alarmed, the RTU communication is interrupted, and the remote put-off soft pressure plate is exited.

[0064] The execution is successful, but the power flow data changes incorrectly, the abnormal power flow change is shown, the data before and after the change is compared, and the analysis of the auxiliary dispatching, patrol and maintenance personnel is included.

[0065] The line interval switch control is executed successfully, but the original power and current of the line do not suddenly change to data close to 0, and the corresponding power and current data and change are output as analysis results.

[0066] The interval is the single power side of the bus, but when the interval switch control is executed successfully, the corresponding bus voltage does not suddenly change to data close to 0, and the corresponding bus voltage data and change are output as analysis results.

[0067] The interval is the single power side of the bus, the interval switch control is executed successfully, but the voltage of the corresponding bus does not suddenly change from data close to 0 to greater than 0.65Un, and the corresponding bus voltage data and change are output as analysis results.

[0068] The control function correctness analysis includes the remote control failure, and the analysis content includes:

[0069] The analysis rule library is associated with the signal, and the incorrect content is output as the analysis result, which is divided into:

[0070] For the switch, the KK handle is shown in place, the switch of the control cabinet is operated in place, the communication of the measurement and control device is interrupted, the KK handle is unlocked remotely, the control circuit is disconnected, the spring is not stored, the switch oil pressure is reduced, the switch oil pressure is reduced, the switch is closed, the switch is closed, the energy storage power is tripped, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put into, the mechanism box handle is in place, the gas pressure is low, the device is locked, the device is alarmed, and the RTU communication is interrupted. The signal in the associated signal is a signal with a positive position.

[0071] For the knife gap, the KK handle is shown in place, the measurement and control device communication is interrupted, the KK handle is unlocked remotely, the control circuit is disconnected, the motor power is tripped, the motor power is faulty, the control power is tripped, the control power is faulty, the energy storage power is tripped, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put into, the knife gap mechanism handle is in place, the mechanism box handle is in place, the device is locked, the device is alarmed, and the RTU communication is interrupted. The signal in the associated signal is a signal with a positive position.

[0072] For the on-load voltage regulation, the measurement and control device communication is interrupted, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put into, the voltage regulation is locked, the on-load voltage regulation is locked in place, the device is alarmed, and the RTU communication is interrupted. The signal in the associated signal is a signal with a positive position.

[0073] For the pressure plate, the measurement and control device communication is interrupted, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put into, the device is locked, the device is alarmed, the RTU communication is interrupted, the remote put-off soft pressure plate is exited, and the associated signal is a signal with a positive position.

[0074] During the remote control execution process, whether the same factory station has a class I alarm signal and a position signal is analyzed, and the abnormal signal is output as the analysis result, reminding the on-site investigation;

[0075] The remote control position signal is analyzed whether it is more than 40 seconds or not, or whether the position signal is abnormal, the double position signal is sent, the double position is wrong, the related equipment is sent at the same time, and the existing abnormal condition is output as the analysis result.

[0076] There is a missing alarm, the switch control fails, but the spring has not stored energy signal, and the position signal is missing, which is output as the analysis result.

[0077] There is a missing alarm, the position alarm is missing, and the analysis result is output including:

[0078] The line interval switch control fails to execute with load operation, but the original power and current of the line have suddenly changed to data close to 0;

[0079] The interval as the single power side of the bus, the interval switch control fails to execute, but the voltage corresponding to the bus changes from the rated value to data close to 0;

[0080] The interval as the single power side of the bus, the interval switch control fails to execute, but the voltage corresponding to the bus changes from data close to 0 to greater than 0.65Un;

[0081] When the line interval switch control is executed under load, the remote control fails to execute, but the original power and current of the line change from data close to 0 to greater than zero;

[0082] The last remote control execution can be checked, and the operation record of the last remote control success.

[0083] As a preferred scheme of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method, wherein: the remote control event and analysis result are statistically displayed and marked as different types of problems, including statistical display of the remote control event and analysis result, marking different types of problems, and forming a regional power grid control function analysis report;

[0084] The analysis and evaluation results include:

[0085] The number of successful remote controls within a specified time is counted; the number of successful remote controls and abnormal conditions is counted; and the number of failures is counted.

[0086] Another object of the present application is to provide a SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation system, which can solve the problem of low accuracy of current SCADA system remote control operation by combining remote control process elements to form a rule library.

[0087] As a preferred scheme of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation system, wherein: a rule library construction module, a remote control failure analysis module, a remote control event report formation module, and a remote control event result analysis and statistics module are included; the rule library construction module is used to analyze the reasons for remote control failure and construct a rule library; the remote control failure analysis module is used to analyze the reasons for remote control failure by studying the power flow data changes, alarm logic, and time sequence and associated signal states in the remote control process; the remote control event report formation module is used to analyze the above-mentioned remote control events according to the rule library and give a report; and the remote control event result analysis and statistics module is used to statistically display the remote control event and analysis result.

[0088] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method.

[0089] A computer readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement steps of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method.

[0090] The SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method provided by the application improves the accuracy and reliability of remote control operation, reduces errors caused by human factors, analyzes the reasons for remote control failure by using the rule base and the analysis and evaluation interface, shortens troubleshooting time, improves the stability and safety of power grid operation, analyzes remote control events based on the rule base, improves the processing efficiency and accuracy of remote control events, and enhances the visualization level of power grid management by marking different types of problems in the statistical display of remote control events and analysis results, thereby improving the pertinence and effectiveness of problem processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0091] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0092] Fig. 1 is a whole flow chart of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method provided by the first embodiment of the application.

[0093] Fig. 2 is a logic sequence guide diagram of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method provided by the first embodiment of the application.

[0094] Fig. 3 is a control function analysis and evaluation report example diagram of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method provided by the first embodiment of the application.

[0095] Fig. 4 is a whole flow chart of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation system provided by the third embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0096] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should be within the protection scope of the application.

[0097] Embodiment 1, referring to FIG. 1-3, provides a SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method, including:

[0098] S1: combine the remote control process elements to form a rule base.

[0099] Further, the causes of remote control failure are analyzed, and the power flow data changes, alarm logic and timing, and the states of associated signals in the remote control process are combined to form a rule base.

[0100] It should be noted that (1) the power flow data changes in the remote control process include: 1. The line interval switch control time is running with load, if the remote control is successfully executed, the original power and current (greater than zero drift value) of the line will suddenly change to data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value); 2. A certain interval (local, opposite line or low-voltage side interval of main transformer) is the single power side of a certain bus, then in the interval switch control time, if the remote control is successfully executed, the corresponding bus voltage should suddenly change from the rated value to data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value); 3. A certain interval (local, opposite line or low-voltage side interval of main transformer) is the single power side of a certain bus, then in the interval switch control time, if the remote control is successfully executed, the corresponding bus voltage should suddenly change from data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value) to greater than 0.65Un (rated voltage); 4. When the line interval switch control is about to run with load, if the remote control is successfully executed, the original power and current (greater than the line zero drift value) of the line will suddenly change from data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value) to greater than zero drift value, which is only used as a reference for cause analysis when the execution fails in actual use.

[0101] (2) Alarm logic and timing: For switches, disconnectors, pressure plates, and on-load voltage regulation devices of main transformers, the remote control events are divided into three categories: 1. Remote control success; 2. Remote control success with abnormalities; 3. Remote control failure. The last two categories are mainly analyzed. After the remote control command is executed, within 40 seconds (this value varies in different regions), if the correct position signal is received, and the power flow data changes and the states of associated signals are correct, it is determined that the remote control is successful; if the correct position signal is received, but the power flow data changes or the states of associated signals have abnormalities, it is determined that the remote control is successful with abnormalities; if the correct position signal is not received, it is determined that the remote control fails, at which time the causes of remote control failure can be determined by analyzing the power flow data changes and the states of associated signals.

[0102] (3) Associated signals include:

[0103] 1. Causes of remote control failure of switch and disconnector: KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, corresponding position not sent in time, corresponding position signal double position error, control circuit disconnection, spring not stored energy (switch only), switch oil pressure reduction alarm (switch only), switch oil pressure reduction interlocking opening and closing (switch only), motor power circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), motor power failure (disconnector only), control power circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), control power failure (disconnector only), energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device put into maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate put into operation, disconnector mechanism handle local operation (disconnector only), mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking closing (switch only), device interlocking, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption;

[0104] 2. Causes of remote control failure of switch and disconnector: KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, corresponding position not sent in time, corresponding position signal double position error, control circuit disconnection, switch oil pressure reduction alarm (switch only), switch oil pressure reduction interlocking opening and closing (switch only), motor power circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), motor power failure (disconnector only), control power circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), control power failure (disconnector only), energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device put into maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate put into operation, disconnector mechanism handle local operation (disconnector only), mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking closing (switch only), device interlocking, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption;

[0105] 3. Causes of on-load tap changer failure: communication interruption of monitoring and control device, device under maintenance, maintenance hard plate engaged, tap changer locked, on-load tap changer local, transformer tap position not changed or changed incorrectly, device locked, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption.

[0106] 4. Causes of remote control failure of pressure plate: communication interruption of monitoring and control device, device under maintenance, hard pressure plate under maintenance, pressure plate status not changing or changing incorrectly, device lockout, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, remote soft pressure plate activation / deactivation.

[0107] S2: Analyze the reasons for remote control failure using the rule base and analysis and evaluation interface.

[0108] Furthermore, the study examines the changes in power flow data, alarm logic and timing, and associated signal status during remote control. By combining the remote control point table with a rule base and analysis and evaluation interface, it helps dispatchers, patrol and maintenance personnel to quickly analyze the remote control process, promptly identify anomalies in remote control events, and analyze the causes of remote control failures.

[0109] It should be noted that, (i) regarding the situation of "remote control successful, but an anomaly exists," the following issues can be identified:

[0110] 1. Successful execution, but false alarms may occur: Class I alarm signals and change signals occur in the same plant during the execution process;

[0111] 2. Successful execution, but there are missing alarms: the spring not energized signal when the switch is closed does not go through the process from "closed to open" (or the switch oil pressure reduction alarm signal when the switch is closed or opened does not go through the process from "closed to open", and the switch oil pressure reduction lockout signal does not go through the process from "closed to open").

[0112] 3. Execution successful, but the rule base associated signals are incorrect, broken down into: ① For switches, among the associated signals such as KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, monitoring and control device communication interruption, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, spring not stored energy (switch only), switch oil pressure reduction alarm (switch only), switch oil pressure reduction interlocking opening and closing (switch only), energy storage power supply circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate engagement, mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking closing (switch only), device interlocking, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, one or more signals are in the closed position; ② For disconnectors, among the associated signals such as KK handle local operation, monitoring and control device communication interruption, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power supply circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), motor power supply fault (disconnector only), control power supply circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), control power supply circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), control power supply circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), control power supply circuit breaker tripping, etc., one or more signals are in the closed position; ③ For on-load tap changer, among the related signals such as source fault (disconnector only), energy storage power supply circuit breaker trip, device commissioning for maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate engagement, disconnector mechanism handle local (disconnector only), mechanism box handle local, device lockout, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, one or more signals are in the closed position; ④ For pressure plate, among the related signals such as control device communication interruption, device commissioning for maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate engagement, lockout of tap changer, on-load tap changer local device lockout, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, one or more signals are in the closed position;

[0113] 4. The execution is successful, but the trend data is incorrect, ① The line interval switch control part is executed successfully, but the original power and current (greater than zero drift value) of the line do not mutate to data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value); ② A certain interval (this, the opposite end line or the low voltage side interval of the main transformer) is the single power side of a certain bus, but when the interval switch control part is executed successfully, the voltage of the corresponding bus does not mutate to data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value) from the rated value; ③ A certain interval (this, the opposite end line or the low voltage side interval of the main transformer) is the single power side of a certain bus, the interval switch control part is executed successfully, but the voltage of the corresponding bus does not mutate from data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value) to greater than 0.65Un (rated voltage).

[0114] (2) For the case of "remote control failure", the following problems can be analyzed to find out the possible reasons for the remote control failure:

[0115] 1. Analyze whether the associated signals of the rule base are correct, and output the incorrect contents as the analysis results. When the associated signals are abnormal, it may cause remote control failure, at this time, the abnormal signals can be output as the analysis results for the reference of dispatching, patrol and maintenance personnel: ① For switches, the signals in the associated signals that are in the on position, such as KK handle on-site, switch on-site operation of the control cabinet, communication interruption of the measurement and control device, KK handle remote five-protection unlocking, control circuit disconnection, spring not storing energy (only for switches), switch oil pressure reduction alarm (only for switches), switch oil pressure reduction latching opening and closing (only for switches), energy storage power air switch tripping, device commissioning and maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate input, mechanism box handle on-site, low air pressure latching closing (only for switches), device latching, device alarm (partly, depending on the signals causing alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, etc. may cause remote control failure, which needs to be checked; ② For knife switches, the signals in the associated signals that are in the on position, such as KK handle on-site, communication interruption of the measurement and control device, KK handle remote five-protection unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power air switch tripping (only for knife switches), motor power failure (only for knife switches), control power air switch tripping (only for knife switches), control power failure (only for knife switches), energy storage power air switch tripping, device commissioning and maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate input, knife switch mechanism handle on-site (only for knife switches), mechanism box handle on-site, device latching, device alarm (partly, depending on the signals causing alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, etc. may cause remote control failure, which needs to be checked; ③ For on-load voltage regulation and on-load tap changing, the signals in the associated signals that are in the on position, such as communication interruption of the measurement and control device, device commissioning and maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate input, latching voltage regulation, on-load voltage regulation on-site device latching, device alarm (partly, depending on the signals causing alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, etc. may cause remote control failure, which needs to be checked; ④ For pressure plates, the signals in the associated signals that are in the on position, such as communication interruption of the measurement and control device, device commissioning and maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate input, device latching, device alarm (partly, depending on the signals causing alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, remote input and output soft pressure plate exit, etc. may cause remote control failure, which needs to be checked;

[0116] 2. Analyze whether there are class I alarm signals and other variable position signals in the same plant during remote control execution, and output these signals as analysis results to remind the on-site investigation;

[0117] 3. Analyze whether the remote control variable position signal is sent for more than 40 seconds, or whether the variable position signal is abnormal, such as double position signal sending double position error, and related equipment sending on and off signals at the same time;

[0118] 4. There is a missing alarm, switch control closing failure, but the spring not storing energy signal experiences the process of “on-off” (or the switch oil pressure reduction alarm signal experiences the process from “on-off”), and the variable position signal is missing;

[0119] 5. There is a missing alarm, a missing alarm, combined with the change of the flow data, and is subdivided into: ① The line interval switch control is failed, but the original power and current of the line (greater than zero drift value) have changed to near 0 data (less than or equal to zero drift value); ② A certain interval (local, opposite line or low voltage side interval of main transformer) as a single power side of a certain bus, the interval switch control is failed, but the voltage of the corresponding bus changes from the rated value to near 0 data (less than or equal to zero drift value); ③ A certain interval (local, opposite line or low voltage side interval of main transformer) as a single power side of a certain bus, the interval switch control is failed, but the voltage of the corresponding bus changes from near 0 data (less than or equal to zero drift value) to greater than 0.65Un (rated voltage); ④ When the line interval switch control is about to be operated with load, the remote control is failed, but the original power and current of the line (greater than the line zero drift value) have changed from near 0 data (less than or equal to zero drift value) to greater than zero drift value.

[0120] S3: Analyzing the remote control event based on the rule base.

[0121] Further, when a remote control event occurs, the tool analyzes the above-mentioned remote control event according to the rule base and gives a briefing, which should include the remote control event, execution situation, control function correctness analysis and other main contents.

[0122] It should be noted that (1) Remote control event: list the remote control process operation record and the same station alarm in the corresponding time period as the basic data for the reference of dispatchers, maintenance personnel and maintenance personnel;

[0123] (2) Execution situation: give the final analysis result, and for switches, switches, pressure plates, main transformer on-load voltage regulating devices, the remote control event is divided into three categories: 1. Remote control success; 2. Remote control success, there is an abnormality; 3. Remote control failure. Mainly analyze the last two categories.

[0124] (3) Control function correctness analysis: for the case of "remote control success, there is an abnormality", the following analysis contents can be output:

[0125] 1. The execution is successful, but there may be a false alarm, and the false alarm signal is output as the analysis result: a class I alarm signal and a position signal occur in the same station during the execution process.

[0126] 2. The execution is successful, but there is a missing alarm, and the missing alarm signal is output as the analysis result: the spring energy storage signal does not experience the process from "close to open" when the switch is closed (or the switch oil pressure reduction alarm signal does not experience the process from "close to open" when the switch is closed and opened, and the switch oil pressure reduction latching open-close signal does not experience the process from "close to open");

[0127] 3. The execution is successful, but the rule base association signal is incorrect, which shows the following: ① For switches, the KK handle is shown in place, the switch of the control cabinet is operated in place, the communication of the control device is interrupted, the KK handle is unlocked remotely, the control circuit is disconnected, the spring is not stored (only for switches), the switch oil pressure is reduced alarm (only for switches), the switch oil pressure is reduced and the switch is closed (only for switches), the energy storage power air switch is tripped, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put into, the mechanism box handle is in place, the air pressure is low and the switch is closed (only for switches), the device is locked, the device alarm (part, depends on the signal that causes the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, etc. The signal in the signal is on; ② For knife switches, the KK handle is shown in place, the communication of the control device is interrupted, the KK handle is unlocked remotely, the control circuit is disconnected, the motor power air switch is tripped (only for knife switches), the motor power fault (only for knife switches), the control power air switch is tripped (only for knife switches), the control power fault (only for knife switches), the energy storage power air switch is tripped, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put into, the knife switch mechanism handle is in place (only for knife switches), the mechanism box handle is in place, the device is locked, the device alarm (part, depends on the signal that causes the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, etc. The signal in the signal is on; ③ For load regulation and regulation, the communication of the control device is interrupted, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put into, the regulation is locked, the load regulation is locked in place, the device alarm (part, depends on the signal that causes the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, etc. The signal in the signal is on; ④ For pressure plate, the communication of the control device is interrupted, the device is put into maintenance, the maintenance hard pressure plate is put into, the device is locked, the device alarm (part, depends on the signal that causes the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, remote put-off soft pressure plate exit, etc. The signal in the signal is on.

[0128] 4. The execution is successful, but the power flow data changes incorrectly, which shows abnormal power flow changes. Compare the data before and after the change to help dispatchers, maintenance personnel analyze: ① The line interval switch control part executes successfully, but the original power and current (greater than zero drift value) of the line do not mutate to near 0 data (less than or equal to zero drift value), and the corresponding power and current data and change are output as analysis results; ② A certain interval (this, opposite line or main transformer low voltage side interval) is the single power side of a certain section of bus, but when the interval switch control part executes successfully, the corresponding bus voltage does not mutate to near 0 data (less than or equal to zero drift value). The change of the corresponding bus voltage data is output as the analysis result; ③ A certain interval (this, opposite line or main transformer low voltage side interval) is the single power side of a certain section of bus, and the interval switch control part executes successfully, but the voltage of the corresponding bus does not mutate from near 0 data (less than or equal to zero drift value) to greater than 0.65Un (rated voltage). The change of the corresponding bus voltage data is output as the analysis result.

[0129] (iv) Control function correctness analysis: For the case of "remote control failure", the following analysis content can be output:

[0130] 1. Analyze whether the associated signals in the rule base are correct, and output the incorrect content as the analysis result. This is further subdivided into: ① For switches, display the following associated signals that are in the closed position: KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, monitoring and control device communication interruption, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, spring not energized (switch only), switch oil pressure reduction alarm (switch only), switch oil pressure reduction interlocking (switch only), energy storage power supply circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate activation, mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking (switch only), device interlocking, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on-site), RTU communication interruption; ② For disconnectors, display the following associated signals that are in the closed position: KK handle local operation, monitoring and control device communication interruption, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power supply circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), motor power supply fault (disconnector only), control power supply circuit breaker tripping (disconnector only), control power supply fault. (Only disconnectors), the signals that are in the closed position include: (disconnectors only), energy storage power supply circuit breaker tripping, device commissioning for maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate commissioning, disconnector mechanism handle local (disconnectors only), mechanism box handle local, device lockout, device alarm (partial, depending on the signal causing the alarm on site), RTU communication interruption, etc.; ③ For on-load tap changer taps, the signals that are in the closed position include: (disconnectors only), (disconnectors only), (maintainers ...

[0131] 2. Analyze whether Class I alarm signals and other change signals occur in the same plant during remote control execution, and output these abnormal signals as analysis results to remind on-site investigation;

[0132] 3. Analyze whether the remote control position change signal takes more than 40 seconds to be sent, or whether there are any abnormalities in the position change signal, such as double position error when sending dual position signals, or when related equipment sends open and close positions at the same time. Output the existing abnormalities as the analysis results.

[0133] 4. There is a missing alarm, the switch fails to close, but the spring is not charged signal has gone through the "close-open" process (or the switch oil pressure reduction alarm signal when the switch is closed or opened has gone through the "close-open" process), and the displacement signal is missing. This situation will be output as the analysis result.

[0134] 5. There is a missing alarm, a missing alarm, combined with the change of the flow data, the following cases are output as the analysis result: ① The line interval switch control part fails to execute, but the original power and current (greater than zero drift value) of the line have suddenly changed to data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value); ② A certain interval (the line or the low-voltage side interval of the main transformer) is the single power side of a certain bus, and the interval switch control part fails to execute, but the voltage of the corresponding bus changes from the rated value to data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value); ③ A certain interval (the line or the low-voltage side interval of the main transformer) is the single power side of a certain bus, and the interval switch control part fails to execute, but the voltage of the corresponding bus changes from data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value) to greater than 0.65Un (rated voltage); ④ When the line interval switch control part is about to operate with load, the remote control fails to execute, but the original power and current (greater than the line zero drift value) of the line have suddenly changed from data close to 0 (less than or equal to zero drift value) to greater than zero drift value.

[0135] (Five) Other contents: The last remote control execution can be checked, and the operation record of the last successful remote control can be checked.

[0136] S4: The remote control events and analysis results are statistically displayed, and different types of problems are marked.

[0137] Further, the remote control events and analysis results are statistically displayed, and different types of problems are marked, so that the hidden defects existing in the remote control process can be found by the dispatching and operation personnel, and the regional power grid control function analysis report can be formed and reported to the superior unit. The analysis and evaluation results include: 1. In a specified time: 1. Remote control is successful XX times; 2. Remote control is successful and abnormal, XX times. 3. Failure XX times (the specific failure reason can be checked through the briefing).

[0138] In Example 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present application, economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments are carried out for scientific demonstration.

[0139] First, in order to verify the effectiveness of a SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method, detailed experimental design is carried out, including experimental group and control group. The experimental group applies the method of the present application, and the control group applies the prior art for remote control operation analysis. The experimental steps are as follows:

[0140] Test preparation:

[0141] Device preparation: Main and backup SCADA systems and workstations, line interval switches, main transformer load regulation devices, and other related power equipment. The backup SCADA system workstation is configured with a SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation tool. The main SCADA system serves as the control group, and the backup SCADA system serves as the experimental group.

[0142] Data collection: The test duration is 30 days. Before the experiment, compare and check the main and backup SCADA system data to ensure that the remote signaling data of the main and backup SCADA systems are consistent, the remote measurement data error is not more than 5%, the remote control and remote adjustment functions are implemented in the main SCADA system, and the backup SCADA system only synchronously records the remote control operation.

[0143] Rule base establishment: The SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation tool is configured on the backup SCADA system workstation. Based on the changes in power flow data, alarm logic and timing, and associated signal states during remote control, a detailed rule base is established. Specifically, it includes: line interval switch control line power and current changes; bus single power side interval switch control, bus voltage changes when the switch is opened and closed; detailed records of various alarm signals and associated signals.

[0144] Implementation process:

[0145] Remote control operation execution: Within 30 days, the control group implements remote control and remote adjustment functions in the main SCADA system, and synchronously records the operation to the experimental group backup SCADA system as input data for the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation tool.

[0146] After each operation, the control group records the remote control operation results and records the abnormal conditions such as false alarms and missed alarms found during remote control. The time consumed for troubleshooting is also recorded. The experimental group uses the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation tool to record relevant data and device states.

[0147] Data analysis:

[0148] Experimental group: Use the rule base and analysis and evaluation interface to analyze the reasons for each remote control failure. The system automatically evaluates the execution of remote control events, determines their success, existence of abnormalities, or failure, and statistically displays remote control events and analysis results.

[0149] Control group: Use existing technology to manually record and analyze remote control operations. Evaluate remote control operations based on displacement signals, device states, and power flow data changes, and manually record the results.

[0150] Result recording: Record the experimental data of the experimental and control groups in the table, including the detailed values of each parameter, for subsequent analysis and comparison.

[0151] Table 1 experimental data table

[0152] Analysis time-consuming:

[0153] The analysis time-consuming of the experimental group is obviously lower than that of the control group, and the total analysis time of the experimental group is 59400 seconds, while that of the control group is 235 seconds.

[0154] The experimental group can quickly and accurately complete data processing and result output through the rule base analysis of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation tool automation, and does not depend on the experience of dispatching and monitoring personnel, reduces manual intervention and processing time, timely locks the reason of remote control failure, and improves the success rate of remote control.

[0155] Find the situation of equipment hidden danger and defect:

[0156] The control group found 4 times of "remote control success, abnormality", while the experimental group found 39 times of "remote control success, abnormality", and the 39 times of "remote control success, abnormality" found by the experimental group were verified by the on-site professional personnel. It can be seen that the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation tool can quickly find the hidden defects and hidden dangers of the on-site equipment, and ensure the safe operation of the power grid.

[0157] Stability:

[0158] The control group relies on manual experience to analyze the remote control failure and abnormality, and the 4 times of "remote control success, abnormality" are found by the dispatching and monitoring personnel with more than 5 years of service. The experimental group relies on the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation tool, and does not depend on the experience of dispatching and monitoring personnel, and the generated report has systematization, objectivity and integrity, the change of remote signaling and remote measurement data in the report is consistent with the actual situation, and the maintenance personnel can also check the report through the web function of the SCADA system, and the fault disposal efficiency is improved.

[0159] In summary, the application has better effects in processing efficiency, timely discovery of defects and hidden dangers and stability.

[0160] Embodiment 3, referring to FIG. 4, provides a SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation system, which comprises a rule base construction module, a remote control failure analysis module, a remote control event report forming module and a remote control event result analysis and statistics module.

[0161] The rule base construction module is used for analyzing the cause of the remote control failure, the remote control failure analysis module is used for studying the power flow data change, alarm logic, time sequence and associated signal state in the remote control process, analyzing the cause of the remote control failure, the remote control event brief formation module is used for analyzing the remote control event according to the rule base and giving a brief, and the remote control event result analysis and statistics module is used for statistically displaying the remote control event and analysis result.

[0162] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the parts that essentially contribute to the prior art or the parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0163] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered a list of executable instructions for implementing logic functions, and can be specifically embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, a system that includes a processor, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatuses, or devices. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatuses, or devices.

[0164] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electrical devices), a portable computer diskette (magnetic devices), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program can be printed, because the program can be electronically obtained, for example, by optical scanning of the paper or other medium, followed by electronic conversion into a useable form, and then stored in a computer memory if necessary.

[0165] It should be understood that portions of the present application can be implemented with hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented with software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, implementation can be with any or a combination of the following technologies, which are all well known in the art: a discrete logic circuit having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon an application of data signals, an application specific integrated circuit having appropriate combinational logic gates, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. It should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the present application and are not to be used to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be contributed to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such changes and modifications should be encompassed within the scope of the appended claims.

[0166] It should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the present application and are not to be used to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be contributed to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such changes and modifications should be encompassed within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of evaluating a control function analysis of a SCADA system, characterized by, include: The elements of the remote control process are combined to form a rule base; The reasons for remote control failures are analyzed using a rule base and an analysis and evaluation interface; Analyze remote control events based on a rule base; The system statistically displays and labels different types of issues based on remote control events and analysis results.

2. The SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method of claim 1, wherein: The process of combining elements of the remote control process to form a rule base includes changes in power flow data during the remote control process, including: When a line bay switch is controlled to open under load, if the remote control is successfully executed, the original power and current of the line will suddenly change to data close to 0. If the bay is the single power supply side of the bus, then when the bay switch is controlled to open, if the remote control is successfully executed, the corresponding bus voltage should change abruptly from the rated value to a value close to 0. If the bay is the single power supply side of the bus, then when the bay switch is closed to charge the bus, if the remote control is successfully executed, the voltage of the corresponding bus should change abruptly from a value close to 0 to a value greater than 0.65Un. When the line section switch is closed under load, if the remote control is successfully executed, the original power and current of the line will suddenly change from data close to 0 to a value greater than zero drift. For switches, disconnectors, pressure plates, and on-load tap changers of main transformers, remote control events are divided into three categories: Remote control successful; Remote control successful, but an error has occurred; Remote control failed; If a correct change signal is received within 40 seconds after the remote control execution command is issued, and the power flow data changes and associated signal status are correct, then the remote control is considered successful. If a correct position change signal is received, but there is an abnormality in the power flow data or the status of the associated signal, then the remote control is considered successful and there is an abnormality. If the correct change signal is not received, the remote control is considered to have failed. At this time, the reason for the remote control failure is determined by analyzing the changes in power flow data and the status of related signals.

3. The SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method of claim 2, wherein: The process of combining remote control elements to form a rule base includes associated signals, including: Causes of remote control failure to close switch: Local operation of KK handle, local operation of switch in control cabinet, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, remote five-proof unlocking of KK handle, failure to send corresponding position signal in time, double position error of corresponding position signal, open circuit of control circuit, spring not stored energy, alarm for reduced switch oil pressure, alarm for reduced switch oil pressure. Locking and closing, motor power circuit breaker tripping, motor power supply failure, control power circuit breaker tripping, control power supply failure, energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device commissioning for maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate commissioning, knife switch mechanism handle local, mechanism box handle local, low air pressure interlocking closing, device interlocking, device alarm, RTU communication interruption. Causes of remote control failure of switch and disconnector: KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, corresponding position not sent in time, corresponding position signal double position error, control circuit disconnection, switch oil pressure reduction alarm, switch oil pressure reduction interlocking opening and closing, motor power circuit breaker tripping, motor power failure, control power circuit breaker tripping, control power failure, energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device put into maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate put into operation, disconnector mechanism handle local operation, mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking closing, device interlocking, device alarm, RTU communication interruption; Causes of failure of on-load voltage regulation and regulation: communication interruption of the measuring and control device, device commissioning, commissioning of hard pressure plate, latching voltage regulation, on-load voltage regulation, no change or incorrect change of transformer position, device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption; Causes of failure of remote control of pressure plate: communication interruption of the measuring and control device, device commissioning, commissioning of hard pressure plate, no change or incorrect change of pressure plate input state, device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, remote input and output soft pressure plate exit.

4. The SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method of claim 3, wherein: The analysis of the causes of remote control failure by using the rule base and analysis and evaluation interface includes studying the change of power flow data, alarm logic and time sequence and associated signal state in the process of remote control, combining the remote point table, using the rule base and analysis and evaluation interface to analyze the process of remote control, finding the abnormalities existing in the remote control event, and analyzing the causes of remote control failure; For the case of successful remote control with abnormalities, the problems found include: Successful execution, but with false alarms, occurrence of class I alarm signals and position change signals in the same plant during the execution process; Successful execution, but with missing alarms, spring not storing energy signal not experiencing the process from closing to opening; Successful execution, but the rule base associated signals are incorrect, including: For switches, KK handle on-site, switch on-site operation of the control cabinet, communication interruption of the measuring and control device, KK handle remote five-protection unlocking, control circuit disconnection, spring not storing energy, switch oil pressure reduction alarm, switch oil pressure reduction latching opening and closing, storage power air switch tripping, device commissioning, commissioning of hard pressure plate, Mechanism box handle on-site, low pressure latching closing, device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, 1 or more signals in the associated signals are in the closing position; For knife switches, KK handle on-site, communication interruption of the measuring and control device, KK handle remote five-protection unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power air switch tripping, motor power failure, control power air switch tripping, control power failure, storage power air switch tripping, device commissioning, commissioning of hard pressure plate, knife switch mechanism handle on-site, mechanism box handle on-site, device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, 1 or more signals in the associated signals are in the closing position; For on-load voltage regulation and regulation, communication interruption of the measuring and control device, device commissioning, commissioning of hard pressure plate, latching voltage regulation, on-load voltage regulation, 1 or more signals in the associated signals are in the closing position; For pressure plates, communication interruption of the measuring and control device, device commissioning, commissioning of hard pressure plate, device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, remote input and output soft pressure plate exit, and 1 or more signals in the associated signals are in the closing position; Successful execution, but incorrect change of power flow data, including: Successful execution of the interval switch opening with load, but no sudden change of the original power and current of the line to data close to 0; The interval is the single power side of a certain section of bus, but when the interval switch is successfully opened, the corresponding bus voltage does not change suddenly from data close to 0 to 0.65Un. The interval is the single power side of a certain section of bus, but when the interval switch is successfully closed, the corresponding bus voltage does not change suddenly from data close to 0 to greater than 0.65Un.

5. The SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method of claim 4, wherein: The analysis of remote control failure using a rule base and analysis and evaluation interface includes, for example, analyzing the following issues: The system analyzes whether the associated signals in the rule base are correct and outputs incorrect content as the analysis result. When an associated signal is abnormal, causing remote control failure, the abnormal signal is output as the analysis result for reference by dispatch, patrol, and maintenance personnel. Abnormal signals include: For switches, the following events occur: local operation of KK handle, local operation of control cabinet switch, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, remote five-proof unlocking of KK handle, control circuit disconnection, spring not energized, switch oil pressure reduction alarm, switch oil pressure reduction interlocking, energy storage power supply circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate activation, local operation of mechanism box handle, low air pressure interlocking, device interlocking, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption. Signals that are in the "closed" position in the connection signal may cause remote control failure, and this needs to be investigated carefully. For disconnectors, the following signals may cause remote control failure: KK handle local connection, communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power circuit breaker tripping, motor power failure, control power circuit breaker tripping, control power failure, energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate engagement, disconnector mechanism handle local connection, mechanism box handle local connection, device lockout, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption. Signals in the closed position may cause remote control failure and require key investigation. For on-load tap changers, remote control failures may occur due to signals in the following associated signals: communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, device maintenance, maintenance hard plate activation, interlocking of tap changers, interlocking of on-load tap changers local devices, device alarms, and RTU communication interruption. These signals need to be investigated carefully. For the pressure plate, the following signals may cause remote control failure: communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, device maintenance, hard pressure plate engagement during maintenance, device lockout, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, and remote soft pressure plate disengagement. These signals may be in the "closed" position and require thorough investigation. Analyze whether Class I alarm signals and change signals occur at the same plant during remote control execution, and output the signals as analysis results to remind on-site investigation; Analyze whether the remote control position change signal takes more than 40 seconds to be sent, or whether there is any abnormality in the position change signal. If the dual position signal is sent, there is a double position error. The relevant equipment sends the open and close positions simultaneously. There is a missing alarm; the switch failed to close, but the spring did not store energy, and the change signal was missing during the closing and opening process. There are missed alarms and missing position change alarms. Judgment is based on changes in power flow data, including: The control and disabling of the line bay switch under load failed, but the original power and current of the line had changed abruptly to near 0. When the bay serves as the single power supply side of the busbar, the bay switch control operation fails, but the voltage of the corresponding busbar changes abruptly from the rated value to a value close to 0. When the bay serves as the single power supply side of the busbar, the bay switch closing operation fails, but the corresponding busbar voltage changes abruptly from near 0 to greater than 0.65Un. When the line switch under load is closed, the remote control operation fails, but the original power and current of the line have changed abruptly from data close to 0 to values ​​greater than zero drift.

6. The SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method of claim 5, wherein: The rule-based analysis of the remote control event includes that when the remote control event occurs, the tool analyzes the remote control event according to the rule base and gives a briefing, which includes the remote control event, the execution, and the control function correctness analysis; The remote control event is to list the remote control process operation record and the same station alarm in the corresponding time period as the basic data for the reference of the dispatch, patrol and maintenance personnel; The execution includes three types for the switches, disconnectors, pressure plates and main transformer on-load voltage regulating devices, including: Remote control success, remote control success with abnormality and remote control failure; The control function correctness analysis outputs the analysis content for the remote control success with abnormality, including: Successful execution, but with false alarm, the false alarm signal is output as the analysis result, and the same station I type alarm signal and displacement signal occur in the execution process; Successful execution, but with missing alarm, the missing alarm signal is output as the analysis result, and the spring is not energized signal is not experienced from closing to opening process when the switch is controlled to open; Successful execution, but the rule base associated signal is incorrect, which helps the dispatch, patrol and maintenance personnel to carry out investigation and the display content includes: For the switch, the KK handle on-site, switch on-site operation of the control cabinet, communication interruption of the measurement and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, spring not energized, switch oil pressure reduction alarm, switch oil pressure reduction latching open-close, energy storage power air switch tripping, device under maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate input, mechanism box handle on-site, low pressure latching closing, device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption associated signal in the closing position; For the disconnector, the KK handle on-site, communication interruption of the measurement and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power air switch tripping, motor power failure, control power air switch tripping, control power failure, energy storage power air switch tripping, device under maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate input, disconnector mechanism handle on-site, mechanism box handle on-site, device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption associated signal in the closing position; For the on-load voltage regulating and shifting, the measurement and control device communication interruption, device under maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate input, latching voltage regulation, on-load voltage regulating on-site device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption associated signal in the closing position; For the pressure plate, the measurement and control device communication interruption, device under maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate input, device latching, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, remote input and output soft pressure plate exit associated signal in the closing position; Successful execution, but the power flow data changes incorrectly, which displays the abnormal power flow change, compares the data before and after the change, and assists the dispatch, patrol and maintenance personnel in analysis, including: Successful execution of the interval switch control, but the original power and current of the line do not suddenly change to near 0, and the corresponding power and current data and change are output as the analysis result; The interval is a single power side of the bus, but when the interval switch control is successfully executed, the corresponding bus voltage does not suddenly change to near 0, and the corresponding bus voltage data and change are output as the analysis result; The bay serves as the single power supply side of the busbar. The bay switch closing was successfully executed, but the voltage of the corresponding busbar did not change abruptly from near 0 to greater than 0.65Un. The corresponding busbar voltage data and its change were output as the analysis results. Control function correctness analysis includes output analysis content for remote control failure cases, including: The analysis checks whether the association signals in the rule base are correct, and outputs incorrect content as the analysis result, which is divided into: For switches, the following signals are displayed: KK handle local operation, control cabinet switch local operation, monitoring and control device communication interruption, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, spring not stored energy, switch oil pressure reduction alarm, switch oil pressure reduction interlocking opening and closing, energy storage power supply circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate activation, mechanism box handle local operation, low air pressure interlocking closing, device interlocking, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption associated signals are in the closed position. For disconnectors, the following signals are displayed: KK handle local, communication interruption of monitoring and control device, KK handle remote five-proof unlocking, control circuit disconnection, motor power circuit breaker tripping, motor power failure, control power circuit breaker tripping, control power failure, energy storage power circuit breaker tripping, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate activation, disconnector mechanism handle local, mechanism box handle local, device lockout, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption associated signals are in the closed position. For on-load tap changer, the signals associated with the following are: communication interruption of the monitoring and control device, device maintenance, maintenance hard plate activation, interlocking of tap changer, interlocking of on-load tap changer local device, device alarm, and RTU communication interruption. For the pressure plate, the signals in the associated signals of communication interruption of the measurement and control device, device maintenance, maintenance hard pressure plate activation, device lockout, device alarm, RTU communication interruption, and remote soft pressure plate deactivation are all in the closed position. Analyze whether Class I alarm signals and position change signals occur at the same plant during remote control execution, and identify any anomalies. A constant signal is output as an analysis result to remind on-site investigation to be carried out; Analyze whether the remote control position change signal takes more than 40 seconds to be sent, or whether there is any abnormality in the position change signal. If the dual position signal is sent, there is a double position error. If the relevant equipment sends the open and close positions at the same time, the abnormal situation is output as the analysis result. There is a missing alarm, the switch failed to close, but the spring did not store energy and went through the process of closing to opening, and the displacement signal is missing. This situation is output as the analysis result. There are missed alarms and missing position change alarms. Based on the analysis of power flow data changes, the output of the analysis results includes: The control and disabling of the line bay switch under load failed, but the original power and current of the line had changed abruptly to near 0. When the bay serves as the single power supply side of the busbar, the bay switch control operation fails, but the voltage of the corresponding busbar changes abruptly from the rated value to a value close to 0. When the bay serves as the single power supply side of the busbar, the bay switch closing operation fails, but the corresponding busbar voltage changes abruptly from near 0 to greater than 0.65Un. When the line switch under load is closed, the remote control operation fails, but the original power and current of the line have changed abruptly from data close to 0 to values ​​greater than zero drift. The last remote control execution can be checked, and the last remote control successful operation record can be checked.

7. The SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method of claim 6, wherein: The statistical display of the remote control events and analysis results and marking different types of problems include statistical display of the remote control events and analysis results, marking different types of problems, and forming a regional power grid control function analysis report; The analysis and evaluation results include: The number of successful remote controls within a specified time, the number of successful remote controls and abnormal remote controls, and the number of failures.

8. A system for using the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by: The system includes a rule base construction module, a remote control failure analysis module, a remote control event brief formation module, and a remote control event result analysis and statistics module; The rule base construction module is used to analyze the reasons for remote control failure and construct a rule base; The remote control failure analysis module is used to study the power flow data changes, alarm logic, and time sequence and associated signal states in the remote control process, and analyze the reasons for remote control failure; The remote control event brief formation module is used to analyze the above remote control events according to the rule base and give a brief report. The remote control event result analysis and statistics module is used to statistically display the remote control events and analysis results. 9.A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer device is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-8 when the computer program is executed by the processor. The processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the SCADA system control function analysis and evaluation method in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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