Micro-optical structure and preparation method therefor, and decorative element

Abstract

A micro-optical structure and a preparation method therefor, and a decorative element. The micro-optical structure comprises a pattern layer (101) and a micro-lens layer (201) stacked on each other. The pattern layer (101) comprises a plurality of micro-patterns (102), and the micro-lens layer (201) comprises a plurality of micro-lenses (202) arranged corresponding to the plurality of micro-patterns (102) on a one-to-one basis. After being projected by the plurality of micro-lenses (202), the plurality of micro-patterns (102) form a preset pattern having a floating effect, wherein at least some of the micro-patterns (102) are at least part of the preset pattern after scaling, and the scaling ratio of the micro-patterns (102) relative to the preset pattern is set on the basis of the floating height of the preset pattern.

Description

Micro-optical structures and their fabrication methods, decorative parts

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application No. CN202411204930.9, filed on August 29, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to a micro-optical structure, its preparation method, and decorative parts. Background Technology

[0004] In decorative design and visual effects, microlens technology is used to enhance the three-dimensionality and dynamic visual experience of patterns. By combining microlenses with underlying micropatterns, observers can see images with a three-dimensional visual effect from different angles, thereby increasing the visual appeal and artistic expression of decorative materials. However, existing technologies still have certain limitations in achieving higher levels of diversity and complexity in visual effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a micro-optical structure and its preparation method, as well as decorative parts, to achieve diverse and complex levitation visual effects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this disclosure provides a micro-optical structure comprising a pattern layer and a microlens layer stacked together. The pattern layer includes a plurality of micropatterns, and the microlens layer includes a plurality of microlenses disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of micropatterns. The plurality of micropatterns are projected by the plurality of microlenses to form a preset pattern with a levitation effect. At least a portion of the micropatterns are at least a portion of the preset pattern after scaling, and the scaling ratio of the micropatterns relative to the preset pattern is set according to the levitation height of the preset pattern.

[0007] In some implementations, the scaling ratio of the micropattern relative to the preset pattern is inversely proportional to the levitation height of the micropattern after it is projected through its corresponding microlens.

[0008] In some embodiments, the scaling ratio of the micropattern relative to the preset pattern is calculated according to the following formula (1):

[0009] In equation (1), S n H represents the scaling ratio of the nth micropattern relative to the preset pattern. n The value represents the levitation height of the nth micro-pattern after it is projected by its corresponding microlens, where K is a preset coefficient and C is a preset constant.

[0010] In some implementations, at least one of the following (a1) to (a2) is satisfied:

[0011] (a1) When the scaling ratio of the micropattern relative to the preset pattern is lower than a preset threshold, the micropattern is a partial pattern located within the projection range of the corresponding microlens after scaling the preset pattern according to the scaling ratio; (a2) When the position of the microlens corresponding to the micropattern meets a preset condition, the micropattern is a partial pattern located within the projection range of the corresponding microlens after scaling the preset pattern according to the scaling ratio; In (a1) to (a2), the preset threshold is determined according to the optical parameters of the microlens corresponding to the micropattern, and the preset condition is used to characterize the distance between the microlens and the imaging position of the preset pattern.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first coordinate system is established on the plane where the microlens layer is located, with the lower left corner of the microlens layer as the origin (0, 0), and the center coordinates of the microlens are (Ox, Oy); a second coordinate system is established on the plane where the pattern layer is located, with the lower left corner of the micropattern corresponding to the microlens as the origin (0, 0), and the projection center coordinates of the microlens in the second coordinate system are (Oxn, Oyn), satisfying the following equations (2) and (3): Oxn / LAn=Ox / LA (2); Oyn / LBn=Oy / LB (3);

[0013] In equation (2), LAn represents the size of the micropattern in the x-axis direction, and LA represents the size of the preset pattern in the x-axis direction;

[0014] In equation (3), LBn represents the size of the micropattern in the y-axis direction, and LB represents the size of the preset pattern in the y-axis direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the micropattern is a mirror-transformed pattern, the mirror transformation being performed around the axis of symmetry of the microlens; in one embodiment, the mirror transformation of multiple micropatterns is consistent.

[0016] In some embodiments, the mirror transformation includes at least one of left-right mirror transformation and top-bottom mirror transformation.

[0017] In some implementations, the scaling ratios of the plurality of micropatterns relative to the preset pattern are different and continuously vary, so that the levitation height of the preset pattern varies continuously.

[0018] In some embodiments, the difference in levitation height between two adjacent micropatterns after projection through their corresponding microlenses satisfies the following equation (4): ΔH n≤M (4);

[0019] In equation (4), △H n The difference in levitation height between two adjacent micropatterns after projection through their corresponding microlenses is represented by M, which is the levitation height smoothness parameter and is calculated according to the following formula (5):

[0020] In equation (5), H max H represents the maximum levitation height of the micropattern after it is projected by its corresponding microlens. min The value m represents the minimum suspension height of the micro-pattern after it is projected by its corresponding microlens, and m represents the number of gray levels in the image.

[0021] In some embodiments, the arrangement period of the plurality of micropatterns is consistent with the arrangement period of the plurality of microlenses;

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the arrangement period of the plurality of microlenses is 50 to 1000 μm.

[0023] In some implementations, at least one of the following (b1) to (b3) is satisfied:

[0024] (b1) The focal lengths of the plurality of microlenses are equal; (b2) The focal points of the plurality of microlenses are on the same plane; (b3) The vertices of the plurality of microlenses are on the same plane.

[0025] In some embodiments, the micro-optical structure further includes a substrate layer disposed between the patterned layer and the microlens layer.

[0026] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a method for preparing the micro-optical structure described in the first aspect of this disclosure, the method comprising:

[0027] Fabrication of a microlens layer comprising multiple microlenses;

[0028] The scaling ratio of the micro-pattern is determined based on the floating height of the preset pattern.

[0029] Based on the scaling ratio and the position of the microlens, multiple micropatterns corresponding one-to-one with the microlens are prepared to obtain a pattern layer.

[0030] A third aspect of this disclosure provides a decorative element comprising the micro-optical structure described in the first aspect of this disclosure.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, in the micro-optical structure disclosed herein, at least some micro-patterns are at least some of the patterns after scaling of a preset pattern, and the scaling ratio of the micro-patterns relative to the preset pattern is set according to the floating height of the preset pattern. After the micro-patterns are projected by the corresponding microlenses, they can achieve multi-layered, diversified and complex floating visual effects, meet different scenarios and personalized needs, greatly enhance the overall visual appeal, impact and artistic expression of the decorative effect, improve product competitiveness, and bring users a good visual experience.

[0032] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the micro-optical structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 2 is a rendering of the micro-optical structure provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a patterned layer provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a microlens layer provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a preset pattern provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0039] Figure 6 is a partial schematic diagram of a patterned layer provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figures 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of a method for calculating the position of micropatterns provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0041] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a micropattern provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 10 is a partial schematic diagram of a patterned layer provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 11 is a partial schematic diagram of a patterned layer provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the micro-optical structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 101—pattern layer, 102—micropattern, 201—microlens layer, 202—microlens, 301—substrate layer. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0047] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a micro-optical structure. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the micro-optical structure includes a pattern layer 101 and a microlens layer 201 stacked together. The pattern layer 101 includes a plurality of micropatterns 102, and the microlens layer 201 includes a plurality of microlenses 202 disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of micropatterns 102. After being projected by the plurality of micropatterns 102, the plurality of micropatterns 102 form a preset pattern with a levitation effect. At least a portion of the micropatterns 102 are at least a portion of the preset pattern after scaling, and the scaling ratio of the micropatterns 102 relative to the preset pattern is set according to the levitation height of the preset pattern.

[0048] In the micro-optical structure disclosed herein, the micro-pattern 102 is at least a scaled-down portion of the preset pattern. By designing the scaling ratio of the micro-pattern 102 relative to the preset pattern, multiple micro-patterns 102, after being projected by corresponding microlenses, can form a preset pattern with a levitation effect and a designable levitation height, achieving multi-layered, diverse, and complex levitation visual effects. Referring to Figure 2, the preset pattern is the letter "A," with the black solid "A" in the upper left representing the preset pattern with a levitation effect, and the "A" in the lower right representing its projection. Referring to Figure 3, each micro-pattern 102 is a complete or partial pattern of the preset pattern "A" after scaling. Multiple micro-patterns 102, after being projected by corresponding microlenses, form a pattern "A" that appears to float in space, thereby creating a three-dimensional or depth-of-space visual experience. The scaling ratio of the micro-pattern 102 relative to the preset pattern is set according to the floating height of the preset pattern, which allows designers to flexibly and precisely adjust the relationship between the scaling ratio of the micro-pattern and the floating height according to the design needs of different visual effects, so as to achieve diverse floating effects, meet different scenarios and personalized needs, and give users a visual experience that is varied and complex.

[0049] According to this disclosure, the microlens layer 201 includes a plurality of microlenses 202, each microlens 202 being positioned corresponding to a micropattern 102. The arrangement of the plurality of microlenses 202 can be a rectangular array, a hexagonal array, or a random and uniform arrangement. In some embodiments, the plurality of microlenses 202 are arranged in an array. Referring to Figure 4, the arrangement period of the plurality of microlenses 202 (i.e., the center distance between two adjacent microlenses 202) can be 50–1000 μm. This range ensures both ease of processing and facilitates achieving an ideal visual effect. The arrangement period of the plurality of micropatterns 102 is consistent with the arrangement period of the plurality of microlenses 202.

[0050] The multiple microlenses 202 are of the same type, specifically circular lenses, aspherical lenses, Fresnel lenses, and other types commonly used in the art; this disclosure does not impose any particular limitation. In some embodiments, the multiple microlenses 202 have the same optical parameters to achieve the desired visual effect; specifically, the multiple microlenses 202 have equal focal lengths, and the specific focal length range can be set as needed; when the microlens 202 is a Fresnel lens, it is necessary to ensure that the focal plane height of the lens surface within each cut lens ring is consistent, that is, the focal points of the multiple microlenses 202 are on the same plane; in addition, in some embodiments, the apexes (i.e., the center points of lens curvature) of the multiple microlenses 202 are on the same plane, and the height of the microlenses 202 can be 0.1 to 20 μm.

[0051] According to this disclosure, the pattern layer 101 includes a plurality of micropatterns 102 corresponding one-to-one with the aforementioned microlenses 202, so as to form a preset pattern with a levitation effect through the projection action of the microlenses 202. The preset pattern can be a graphic or text, and its shape is not limited. The micropattern 102 is a complete or partial pattern of the preset pattern after scaling, wherein scaling means both shrinking and enlarging, that is, the micropattern 102 can be a pattern after shrinking the preset pattern or a pattern after enlarging the preset pattern. The scaling ratio of the micropattern 102 relative to the preset pattern refers to the size ratio of the micropattern to the preset pattern. When the ratio is less than 1, the micropattern 102 is a pattern after shrinking the preset pattern; when the ratio is equal to 1, the micropattern 102 is a pattern with the same size as the preset pattern; when the ratio is greater than 1, the micropattern 102 is a pattern after enlarging the preset pattern. The size of the micropattern 102 can be calculated according to the scaling ratio and the size of the preset pattern. The size mentioned here is used to define the pattern size and can be the side length, diameter, etc.

[0052] The scaling ratio of the micropattern 102 can be adjusted within a wide range to achieve diverse levitation effects. In one specific embodiment, the scaling ratio of the micropattern 102 relative to the preset pattern is inversely proportional to the levitation height of the micropattern after projection through its corresponding microlens. That is, the higher the levitation height, the smaller the scaling ratio of the micropattern 102, and the smaller the size of the micropattern 102.

[0053] In one implementation, to improve design accuracy and achieve controllability of visual effects, the scaling ratio of each micro-pattern 102 relative to the preset pattern can be calculated by the suspension height of the pattern formed after the micro-pattern 102 is projected through its corresponding microlens. Specifically, the scaling ratio of the micro-pattern 102 relative to the preset pattern can be calculated according to the following formula (1):

[0054] In equation (1), S n H represents the scaling ratio of the nth micropattern relative to the preset pattern. n The nth micro-pattern represents the levitation height of the nth micro-pattern after projection through its corresponding microlens, where K is a preset coefficient and C is a preset constant. K and C can be set according to the optical parameters of the microlens (such as focal length, equivalent refractive index, etc.) and the imaging size of the preset pattern, and the units of K and C are the same as those of H. n Consistent, for example, K can be 6 to 10 4 μm, C can be from 0 to 2 × 10 5 μm.

[0055] In one embodiment, at least one of the following (a1) to (a3) ​​is satisfied: (a1) when the scaling ratio of the micropattern 102 relative to the preset pattern is lower than the preset threshold (i.e., the size of the micropattern 102 is large), in order to avoid mutual interference between adjacent micropatterns 102 after being projected by the corresponding microlens 202, the micropattern 102 is a partial pattern located within the projection range of the corresponding microlens 202 after scaling the preset pattern according to the scaling ratio calculated in the above steps; (a2) when the position of the micropattern 102 corresponding to the microlens 202 meets the preset condition, in order to avoid mutual interference between adjacent micropatterns 102 after being projected by the corresponding microlens 202, the micropattern 102 is a partial pattern located within the projection range of the corresponding microlens 202 after scaling the preset pattern according to the scaling ratio calculated in the above steps; (a3) ​​when the scaling ratio of the micropattern 102 relative to the preset pattern is not lower than the preset threshold, and the position of the micropattern 102 corresponding to the microlens 202 does not meet the preset condition, the micropattern 102 is a scaled complete pattern.

[0056] The preset threshold can be determined based on the optical parameters (such as diameter or focal length) of the microlens 202 corresponding to the micropattern 102. For example, the preset threshold is the ratio of the diameter of the microlens 202 to the maximum imaging size of the preset pattern. The maximum imaging size of the preset pattern refers to the maximum size of the preset pattern in the image area after imaging, such as the length Lmax of the hypotenuse of the letter "A" in Figure 5.

[0057] The preset conditions are used to characterize the distance between the microlens 202 and the imaging position of the preset pattern. Specifically, the position of the microlens 202 refers to its position in the microlens layer 201, and the imaging position of the preset pattern refers to the projection range of the preset pattern in the image area after imaging, and satisfies at least one of the following (c1) to (c2): (c1) The preset condition can be that the difference in the vertical distance between the two exceeds another preset threshold (the preset threshold can be set according to the shape of the preset pattern and the actual needs of the levitation effect); (c2) The preset condition can be that the difference in the horizontal distance between the two exceeds another preset threshold (the preset threshold can be set according to the shape of the preset pattern and the actual needs of the levitation effect). For example, when the microlens 202 is far from the imaging position of the preset pattern (for example, the position of the microlens 202 does not fall completely within the projection range of the image area after imaging of the preset pattern), the corresponding micropattern 102 is a local pattern, as shown in Figure 6, the micropattern near the edge of the microlens layer 201 is a local pattern.

[0058] The position of the micropattern 102 can be determined according to the position of its corresponding microlens 202 in the microlens layer 201. For example, the micropattern 102 is a rectangular pattern with a side length of LA×LB, and its position is set as follows. Referring to Figures 7 and 8, a first coordinate system is established on the plane where the microlens layer 201 is located, with the lower left corner of the microlens layer 201 as the origin (0, 0), where the center coordinates of any microlens 202 are (Ox, Oy); a second coordinate system is established on the plane where the pattern layer 101 is located, with the lower left corner of the micropattern 102 corresponding to the aforementioned microlens 202 (Ox, Oy) as the origin (0, 0), and the projection center coordinates of the aforementioned microlens 202 (Ox, Oy) in the second coordinate system are (Oxn, Oyn), satisfying the following equations (2) and (3): Oxn / LAn=Ox / LA (2); Oyn / LBn=Oy / LB (3);

[0059] In equation (2), LAn represents the size of the micro-pattern in the x-axis direction, and LA represents the size of the preset pattern in the x-axis direction; in equation (3), LBn represents the size of the micro-pattern in the y-axis direction, and LB represents the size of the preset pattern in the y-axis direction. Lan and LBn can be calculated according to the aforementioned scaling ratio. Specifically, LAn = LA × Sn, and LBn = LB × Sn.

[0060] When the scaling ratio of micropattern 102 relative to the preset pattern is lower than the preset threshold, as shown in Figure 8, it is necessary to crop the local pattern within the projection range of the corresponding microlens after scaling to obtain the micropattern "Local A" as shown in Figure 9A.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, the micropattern 102 can be a pattern after mirror transformation. The mirror transformation can be performed around the axis of symmetry of the microlens, thereby allowing the transformation method of the micropattern to be designed according to the type of microlens and the imaging requirements of the preset pattern, achieving multi-layered, diversified, and complex levitation visual effects. Specifically, the mirror transformation can include at least one of left-right mirror transformation and up-down mirror transformation. For example, the micropatterns shown in Figures 9B to 9D are obtained from the micropattern "partial A" shown in Figure 9A through left-right mirror transformation, up-down mirror transformation, left-right mirror transformation, and up-down mirror transformation, respectively. In some embodiments, the mirror transformation methods of multiple micropatterns 102 are consistent to improve the consistency of the levitation visual effect. Referring to Figure 10, multiple micropatterns 102 are all patterns after up-down mirror transformation.

[0062] The micro-optical structure disclosed herein can achieve various complex levitation visual effects. In one specific embodiment, the scaling ratios of the plurality of micro-patterns 102 relative to the preset pattern are different and continuously vary, so that the levitation height of the preset pattern continuously varies. Here, continuous variation means that the scaling ratio or levitation height changes smoothly and gradually with the change of pattern position, and the difference between any two adjacent states is infinitesimally small throughout the entire range of variation.

[0063] In some embodiments, in order to improve the uniformity of the continuous change in suspension height, the difference in suspension height between two adjacent micropatterns 102 after projection through their corresponding microlenses can satisfy the following equation (4): ΔH n ≤M (4);

[0064] In equation (4), △H n M represents the difference in levitation height between two adjacent micropatterns after projection through their corresponding microlenses. M is a levitation height smoothness parameter and can be adjusted according to the required number of gray levels in the image. For example, M can be calculated according to the following formula (5):

[0065] In equation (5), H max H represents the maximum levitation height of the micropattern after it is projected by its corresponding microlens. min The minimum suspension height of the micro-pattern after being projected by its corresponding microlens is represented by m, which represents the number of gray levels in the image. For example, m can be 256, 1024, etc.

[0066] Referring to Figure 11, for n micro-patterns in any trend direction, taking the horizontal direction as an example, the suspension heights H1, H2, H3, ..., Hn after being projected by their corresponding microlenses can increase or decrease uniformly. The smaller the difference between the height parameters H(n-1) and Hn of the suspension heights of any two adjacent micro-patterns, the smoother the uniform change in suspension height. This process has no obvious jumps or breaks, bringing users a more realistic and dynamic visual effect.

[0067] In one specific embodiment of this disclosure, referring to FIG12, the micro-optical structure may further include a substrate layer 301 disposed between the pattern layer 101 and the microlens layer 201. The thickness of the substrate layer 301 may be 0.01-5 mm, and its material may be a transparent material such as polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), or glass.

[0068] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a method for preparing the micro-optical structure described in the first aspect of this disclosure, the method comprising:

[0069] Fabrication of a microlens layer comprising multiple microlenses;

[0070] The scaling ratio of the micro-pattern is determined based on the floating height of the preset pattern.

[0071] Based on the scaling ratio and the position of the microlens, multiple micropatterns corresponding one-to-one with the microlens are prepared to obtain a pattern layer.

[0072] In embodiments where the micro-optical structure further includes a substrate layer, the method for fabricating the micro-optical structure may further include:

[0073] A substrate layer is obtained, the substrate layer having opposing first and second surfaces;

[0074] The microlens layer is prepared on the first surface of the substrate layer;

[0075] A patterned layer is prepared on the second surface of the substrate layer according to the scaling ratio and the position of the microlens.

[0076] For details regarding the method, such as the scaling ratio and position of the micro-patterns, please refer to the content described above, and they will not be repeated here.

[0077] In a third aspect, this disclosure provides a decorative element comprising the micro-optical structure described in the first aspect. Specifically, the decorative element can be a film product, a composite board product, a glass product, etc. By setting the micro-optical structure on the product body, a decorative element with diverse and complex floating visual effects is formed, greatly enhancing the overall visual appeal, impact, and artistic expression of the decorative effect, improving product competitiveness, and bringing a good visual experience to users.

[0078] For example, the decorative element can be a diaphragm product, which can be prepared by:

[0079] Fabrication of microlens layer: A microlens array with positioning points is fabricated by means of laser grayscale direct writing, mechanical processing, etc.; the microlens array is transferred to the surface of a transparent film by means of UV transfer, nanoimprinting, hot pressing, etc.

[0080] Pattern layer preparation: On the back side of the film with the transferred microlens array, chromium plating and photoresist (specifically, methods such as scraping, spraying, and slit spraying) are applied. Micro-patterns are prepared by laser direct writing or film exposure. The exposure includes precise positioning, which can be achieved by grasping the positioning points of the microlens array to ensure that the exposed pattern and the microlens array are completely superimposed. After exposure and development, and then a stripping process, a film with a three-dimensional suspended pattern is obtained.

[0081] Preparation of membrane products: The above-mentioned membranes are prepared on a substrate (such as plastic) through printing, adhesive application and bonding, etc., to obtain membrane products with floating patterns.

[0082] As another example, the decorative element can be a glass product, and its preparation method can be:

[0083] Microlens layers are fabricated on glass surfaces: a microlens array with positioning points is fabricated by means of laser grayscale direct writing, mechanical processing, etc.; the microlens array is transferred to the glass surface by UV transfer to obtain glass with microlens array; in addition, the microlens array can also be etched onto the glass by dry etching process.

[0084] Pattern layer preparation: On the back of the glass with the microlens array prepared above, a chromium film is plated, and photoresist is applied (specifically, methods such as scraping, spraying, or slit spraying can be used). Micro-patterns are prepared by laser direct writing or film exposure. The exposure process includes precise positioning, which can be achieved by grasping the positioning points of the microlens array to ensure that the exposed pattern and the microlens array are completely overlapped. After exposure, development, and stripping, the chromium pattern is prepared on the other side of the glass to obtain a glass product with a floating pattern. Alternatively, the chromium pattern on the back can be etched into the glass grooves using dry etching, wet etching, or other processes. Then, the pattern color is presented by coating, ink filling, or other methods. Finally, the film is stripped to obtain a glass product with a floating pattern.

[0085] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0086] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0087] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A micro-optical structure, characterized in that, The micro-optical structure includes a pattern layer (101) and a microlens layer (201) stacked together. The pattern layer (101) includes a plurality of micropatterns (102). The microlens layer (201) includes a plurality of microlenses (202) that correspond one-to-one with the plurality of micropatterns (102). The plurality of micropatterns (102) form a preset pattern with a levitation effect after being projected by the plurality of microlenses (202). At least a portion of the micropatterns (102) are at least a portion of the preset pattern after being scaled up. The scaling ratio of the micropatterns (102) relative to the preset pattern is set according to the levitation height of the preset pattern.

2. The micro-optical structure according to claim 1, wherein, The scaling ratio of the micropattern (102) relative to the preset pattern is inversely proportional to the levitation height of the micropattern (102) after it is projected by its corresponding microlens (202).

3. The micro-optical structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The scaling ratio of the micropattern (102) relative to the preset pattern is calculated according to the following formula (1): In equation (1), S n H represents the scaling ratio of the nth micropattern (102) relative to the preset pattern. n The value represents the levitation height of the nth micropattern (102) after it is projected by its corresponding microlens (202), where K is a preset coefficient and C is a preset constant.

4. The micro-optical structure according to claim 3, wherein, Satisfy at least one of the following (a1) to (a2): (a1) When the scaling ratio of the micropattern (102) relative to the preset pattern is lower than the preset threshold, the micropattern (102) is a local pattern located within the projection range of the corresponding microlens (202) after the preset pattern is scaled according to the scaling ratio. (a2) When the position of the micropattern (102) corresponding to the microlens (202) meets the preset conditions; the micropattern (102) is a partial pattern located within the projection range of the corresponding microlens (202) after the preset pattern is scaled according to the scaling ratio; In (a1) to (a2), the preset threshold is determined based on the optical parameters of the microlens (202) corresponding to the micropattern (102), and the preset condition is used to characterize the distance between the microlens (202) and the imaging position of the preset pattern.

5. The micro-optical structure according to claim 4, wherein, A first coordinate system is established on the plane where the microlens layer (201) is located, with the lower left corner of the microlens layer (201) as the origin (0, 0), and the center coordinates of the microlens (202) are (Ox, Oy); a second coordinate system is established on the plane where the pattern layer (101) is located, with the lower left corner of the micropattern (102) corresponding to the microlens (202) as the origin (0, 0), and the projection center coordinates of the microlens (202) in the second coordinate system are (Oxn, Oyn), satisfying the following equations (2) and (3): Oxn / LAn=Ox / LA (2); Oyn / LBn=Oy / LB (3); In equation (2), LAn represents the size of the micropattern (102) in the x-axis direction, and LA represents the size of the preset pattern in the x-axis direction; In equation (3), LBn represents the size of the micropattern (102) in the y-axis direction, and LB represents the size of the preset pattern in the y-axis direction.

6. The micro-optical structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The micropattern (102) is a pattern after mirror transformation, and the mirror transformation is performed around the axis of symmetry of the microlens (202); preferably, the mirror transformation of multiple micropatterns (102) is consistent; Optionally, the mirror transformation includes at least one of left-right mirror transformation and top-bottom mirror transformation.

7. The micro-optical structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The scaling ratios of the multiple micro-patterns (102) relative to the preset pattern are different and continuously change, so that the floating height of the preset pattern changes continuously.

8. The micro-optical structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The difference in levitation height between two adjacent micropatterns (102) after projection through their corresponding microlenses (202) satisfies the following equation (4): ΔH n ≤M (4); In equation (4), ΔH n M represents the difference in levitation height between two adjacent micropatterns (102) after being projected by their corresponding microlenses (202), and the levitation height smoothness parameter is calculated according to the following formula (5): In equation (5), H max H represents the maximum levitation height of the micropattern (102) after projection through its corresponding microlens (202). min The minimum suspension height of the micropattern (102) after being projected by its corresponding microlens (202) is represented by m, which represents the number of gray levels in the image.

9. The micro-optical structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The arrangement period of the plurality of micropatterns (102) is consistent with the arrangement period of the plurality of microlenses (202); Preferably, the arrangement period of the plurality of microlenses (202) is 50 to 1000 μm.

10. The micro-optical structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, At least one of the following (b1) to (b3) must be satisfied: (b1) The focal lengths of the plurality of microlenses (202) are equal; (b2) The focal points of the plurality of microlenses (202) are on the same plane; (b3) The vertices of the plurality of microlenses (202) are on the same plane.

11. The micro-optical structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The micro-optical structure further includes a substrate layer (301) disposed between the pattern layer (101) and the microlens layer (201).

12. A method for preparing the micro-optical structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method includes: A microlens layer (201) comprising multiple microlenses (202) is prepared; The scaling ratio of the micropattern (102) is determined based on the floating height of the preset pattern; Based on the scaling ratio and the position of the microlens (202), a plurality of micropatterns (102) corresponding one-to-one with the microlens (202) are prepared to obtain a pattern layer (101).

13. A decorative element, characterized in that, Includes the micro-optical structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images