Residual oil hydrogenation system

Abstract

A residual oil hydrogenation system, comprising: a hydrogenation reactor, having a reaction inlet, a gas-phase outlet, and a liquid-phase outlet; a high-pressure separator, an input end thereof being in communication with the gas-phase outlet of the hydrogenation reactor; a low-pressure separator, an input end thereof being in communication with the liquid-phase outlet of the hydrogenation reactor; a steam drum, having a return water inlet, a steam outlet, a water outlet, and a water supplementation inlet; a vertically arranged spiral plate heat exchanger, internally comprising adjacent first and second channels arranged spiraling from inside to out, an outer port of the first channel being in communication with the water outlet of the steam drum by means of a cold medium inlet pipe, the top of at least a central portion of the first channel being open and in communication with the return water inlet of the steam drum by means of a cold medium outlet pipe, an inner port of the second channel being simultaneously in communication with bottom outlets of the high- and low-pressure separators by means of a hot medium inlet pipe, and an outer port of the second channel being in communication with the downstream by means of a hot medium outlet pipe. The present invention can utilize the heat of products after hydrogenation to generate steam.

Description

A residue hydrogenation system Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil refining equipment and process technology, and specifically relates to a residue oil hydrogenation system. Background Technology

[0002] The source of residual oil: mainly from the bottom residue oil of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units. As the distillation range increases, the content of metals, sulfur, nitrogen and other substances in the residual oil increases, and the tendency and rate of coking during heating increases.

[0003] Existing residual oil hydrotreating systems include the solutions disclosed in Chinese utility model patents such as "A System for Residual Oil Hydrotreating" (patent number 202222617869.3, authorized announcement number CN218321242U) and "A Residual Oil Hydrotreating Device" (patent number 201320734317.9, authorized announcement number CN203602560U).

[0004] The heat generated by the hydrogenation reaction in existing residual oil hydrogenation systems needs to be further utilized. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a residue oil hydrotreating system that can utilize the heat of the products after the hydrotreating reaction, in light of the current state of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a residue oil hydrotreating system, comprising:

[0007] The hydrogenation reactor has a reaction inlet for feeding hydrogen and residual oil, a gas phase outlet for outputting the gas phase after the reaction, and a liquid phase outlet for outputting the liquid phase after the reaction.

[0008] A high-pressure separator, whose input end is connected to the gas phase outlet of the hydrogenation reactor, is used to separate the gas phase after the reaction;

[0009] A low-pressure separator, whose input end is connected to the liquid phase outlet of the hydrogenation reactor, is used to separate the liquid phase after the reaction;

[0010] Its characteristic is that it also includes:

[0011] A steam drum for gas-liquid separation has a return water inlet for the steam to be separated into gas and liquid, a gas outlet for the gas phase output after gas-liquid separation, a water outlet for the water phase output, and a water replenishment inlet.

[0012] The vertically arranged spiral plate heat exchanger has an adjacent first channel and a second channel arranged spirally from the inside to the outside. The outer port of the first channel is connected to the outlet of the steam drum through a cold medium inlet pipe on the side of the heat exchanger. The top of at least the central part of the first channel is open and is connected to the return port of the steam drum through a cold medium outlet pipe on the top of the heat exchanger. The inner port of the second channel is connected to the bottom outlet of both the high-pressure separator and the low-pressure separator through a hot medium inlet pipe at the bottom of the heat exchanger. The outer port of the second channel is connected to the downstream side through a hot medium outlet pipe on the side of the heat exchanger.

[0013] During operation, the hot medium output from the bottom outlets of the high-pressure separator and the low-pressure separator enters the second channel of the spiral plate heat exchanger through the hot medium inlet pipe. External water enters the steam drum through the water inlet, and then enters the first channel of the spiral plate heat exchanger through the steam drum outlet and the cold medium inlet pipe. After exchanging heat with the hot medium in the second channel, the temperature rises and vaporizes. The vaporized steam flows upward and is output through the central top of the first channel and the cold medium outlet pipe. Then, it enters the steam drum through the return water inlet for gas-liquid separation. The steam after gas-liquid separation is output through the gas outlet, and the water phase after gas-liquid separation returns to the spiral plate heat exchanger to perform the above heat exchange work, thereby realizing the steam-water cycle and effectively utilizing the heat of the products after the hydrogenation reaction.

[0014] Throughout the heat exchange process, the spiral plate heat exchanger is vertically arranged, and the top of at least the central part of the first channel is open, allowing the vaporized steam to pass through quickly and be discharged upwards into the steam drum for gas-liquid separation. This prevents steam resistance from forming inside the heat exchanger, resulting in smoother steam-water circulation, which helps the steam drum operate normally and ensures gas-liquid separation balance.

[0015] Preferably, there are at least two spiral plate heat exchangers arranged side by side, and the cold medium inlet pipe of each heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the steam drum through a first pipeline, the cold medium outlet pipe of each heat exchanger is connected to the return water port of the steam drum through a second pipeline, and the hot medium inlet pipe of each heat exchanger is simultaneously connected to the bottom outlet of the high-pressure separator and the low-pressure separator through a third pipeline. Furthermore, valves for controlling whether each spiral plate heat exchanger operates independently are provided on the first, second, and third pipelines.

[0016] Preferably, a bypass pipeline is connected in parallel to the first pipeline, and the bypass pipeline is equipped with a pressurizing pump for driving the water phase from the outlet of the steam drum to the spiral plate heat exchanger.

[0017] Furthermore, the spiral plate heat exchanger is located below the steam drum. This facilitates steam-water circulation.

[0018] Preferably, the return water inlet is positioned slightly below the center of the steam drum. This ensures that there is no high-point steam accumulation during the ascent of the gas and liquid phases.

[0019] In the above embodiments, preferably, the spiral plate heat exchanger includes:

[0020] The housing has the aforementioned cold medium outlet pipe at its top, the aforementioned hot medium inlet pipe at its bottom, and the aforementioned cold medium inlet pipe and hot medium outlet pipe on its side.

[0021] The central cylinder is vertically disposed within the housing;

[0022] A partition is provided inside the central cylinder, and divides the internal space of the central cylinder into a first independent space that extends vertically and is open at the top and closed at the bottom, and a second independent space that is open at the bottom and closed at the top. The central cylinder sidewalls corresponding to the first and second independent spaces are provided with through holes.

[0023] Two spiral plates are disposed inside the shell and on the outer periphery of the central cylinder, and are rolled from the inside to the outside in the circumferential direction to form an adjacent first spiral channel and a second spiral channel. The inner port of the first spiral channel is connected to the first independent space through a corresponding through hole to form the first channel mentioned above. The inner port of the second spiral channel is connected to the second independent space through a corresponding through hole to form the second channel mentioned above.

[0024] In this invention, the spiral plates are not limited to two; for example, there can be four spiral plates to form four adjacent spiral channels. The cold medium flows through two of the spaced spiral channels, and the hot medium flows through the other two spaced spiral channels, so as to realize the heat exchange by having the cold and hot media alternately arranged in their respective spiral channels.

[0025] The aforementioned partition can be an existing partition plate. In order to reduce the space occupied by the partition itself in the central cylinder, preferably, the partition includes a vertically extending partition plate, which has a first side and a second side that are opposite to each other and extend along the axial direction of the central cylinder. The first side and the second side are respectively engaged with the inner circumferential surface of the corresponding central cylinder, and the partition plate is an arc shape that gradually arches towards the center of the central cylinder from the first and second side plates to their center. The bottom of the inner space of the partition plate is closed by a first end plate to form the aforementioned first independent space, and the top of the outer space of the partition plate is closed by a second end plate to form the aforementioned second independent space.

[0026] Compared to existing partition plates, the arc-shaped partition in this invention has better stress resistance. Under the same stress conditions, the separation of hot and cold fluids in the central cylinder can be achieved with a thinner partition, thereby reducing the space occupied by the partition itself in the central cylinder.

[0027] Preferably, the through hole corresponding to the first independent space is located at the bottom of the first independent space and above the first end plate.

[0028] Preferably, there are two partitions, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference, and the bottom of the inner space of each partition is closed by its respective first end plate to form the aforementioned first independent space.

[0029] Preferably, the central angle corresponding to the arc is less than 180°.

[0030] In the above scheme, preferably, the housing includes an upper end cover covering the spiral plate, and the upper end cover has a central through hole in an annular shape. The central through hole corresponds at least to the upper port of the central cylinder and is opposite to and connected to the cold medium outlet pipe provided on the upper end cover.

[0031] To further facilitate the circulation of steam and water, preferably, the upper end of the first spiral channel is open, the upper end of the second spiral channel is closed, and the edge of the central through hole of the upper cover is located on the periphery of the central cylinder, exposing the inner ring of the spiral plate. This allows the steam generated in the first spiral channel to be directly output through the upper open end of the inner ring of the first spiral channel, resulting in smoother steam and water circulation.

[0032] Meanwhile, the water phase inside the shell can enter the first independent space and enter the inner ring of the first spiral channel through the corresponding through hole of the first independent space, thus avoiding the situation of "dry burning" due to lack of water in the inner ring.

[0033] To further facilitate the circulation of the soda, it is also preferable that the height of the upper edge of the first spiral channel gradually decreases from the outer ring to the inner ring, and the outer ring of the upper edge is in contact with the lower surface of the upper cover, thereby forming an annular gap with an inner ring opening and an outer ring closing between the upper edge of the first spiral channel and the lower surface of the upper cover, and the upper edge of the central cylinder is located below the upper cover to expose the inner ring opening of the annular gap.

[0034] In this way, the steam formed on the outer ring of the first spiral channel can flow directly inward through the annular gap, making the steam-water circulation smoother.

[0035] To improve structural stability, preferably, the lower surface of the upper end cover is provided with at least two radially extending pressure blocks spaced circumferentially, and the lower surface of the pressure blocks gradually slopes downward from the outside to the inside, fitting against the upper edge of the corresponding first spiral channel. This pressure block restrains the spiral plate, preventing local upward displacement of the spiral plate, while the arrangement of the pressure blocks has minimal impact on the flowability of steam.

[0036] Preferably, the pressure block has at least two transversely penetrating first perforations spaced apart along its extension direction to connect the spaces on both sides of the pressure block. This further reduces the impact of the pressure block on steam flowability.

[0037] To further facilitate the circulation of soda and water, it is also preferable that the upper end of the first spiral channel is provided with a second perforation that penetrates the thickness of the plate layer by layer from the outer ring to the inner ring, and the upper edge of the central cylinder is located below the upper end cover to expose the second perforation.

[0038] Preferably, a non-condensable gas outlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the housing at the position corresponding to the upper end of the second channel.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are as follows: By adding a steam drum and a spiral plate heat exchanger to the hydrogenation reactor, high-pressure separator, and low-pressure separator, the hot medium output from the bottom outlet of the high-pressure separator and low-pressure separator can enter the second channel of the spiral plate heat exchanger through the hot medium inlet pipe during operation. External water enters the steam drum through the water inlet, and then enters the first channel of the spiral plate heat exchanger through the steam drum outlet and the cold medium inlet pipe. After exchanging heat with the hot medium in the second channel, the temperature rises and vaporizes. The vaporized steam flows upward and is output through the central top of the first channel and the cold medium outlet pipe. Then, it enters the steam drum through the return water inlet for gas-liquid separation. The vaporized steam is output through the gas outlet, and the water phase after gas-liquid separation returns to the spiral plate heat exchanger to perform the above heat exchange work, thereby realizing steam-water circulation and effectively utilizing the heat of the products after the hydrogenation reaction.

[0040] Throughout the heat exchange process, the spiral plate heat exchanger is vertically arranged, and the top of at least the central part of the first channel is open, allowing the vaporized steam to pass through quickly and be discharged upwards into the steam drum for gas-liquid separation. This prevents steam resistance from forming inside the heat exchanger, resulting in smoother steam-water circulation, which helps the steam drum operate normally and ensures gas-liquid separation balance. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the residue hydrogenation system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a side view of the steam drum in Figure 1;

[0043] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the spiral plate heat exchanger of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the spiral plate heat exchanger of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the spiral plate heat exchanger of Embodiment 1 of the present invention (located at the non-condensable gas outlet inlet);

[0046] Figure 6 is a top view of the central cylinder and the partition in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the spiral plate heat exchanger of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 is a partial (upper) structural cross-sectional view of the spiral plate heat exchanger of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure block in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 is a bottom view of the upper end cap, central cylinder, and pressure block in Figure 8;

[0051] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral plate corresponding to the first spiral channel after unfolding in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the spiral plate heat exchanger of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 13 is a partial (upper) structural cross-sectional view of the spiral plate heat exchanger of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 14 is an enlarged view of part A in Figure 13. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, this is a preferred embodiment of a residue oil hydrogenation system of the present invention. The residue oil hydrogenation system includes a spiral plate heat exchanger 1, a hydrogenation reactor 2, a high-pressure separator 3, a low-pressure separator 4, and a steam drum 5.

[0058] The hydrogenation reactor 2 has a reaction inlet 21 for supplying hydrogen and residual oil, a gas outlet 22 for supplying the gas phase output after the reaction, and a liquid outlet 23 for supplying the liquid phase output after the reaction.

[0059] The input end of the high-pressure separator 3 is connected to the gas phase outlet 22 of the hydrogenation reactor 2, and is used to separate the gas phase after the reaction.

[0060] The input end of the low-pressure separator 4 is connected to the liquid phase outlet 23 of the hydrogenation reactor 2, and is used to separate the liquid phase after the reaction.

[0061] The aforementioned steam drum 5 is used for gas-liquid separation and has a return water inlet 51 for the steam to be separated, an outlet 52 for the gas phase output after gas-liquid separation, an outlet 53 for the water phase output, and a makeup water inlet 54. The return water inlet 51 is positioned slightly below the center of the steam drum 5. The outlet 52 is located at the top of the steam drum 5, and the outlet 53 is located at the bottom of the steam drum 5.

[0062] The spiral plate heat exchanger 1 described above is vertically arranged, and has adjacent first channels 101 and second channels 102 arranged spirally from the inside to the outside. The outer port of the first channel 101 is connected to the outlet 53 of the steam drum 5 through the cold medium inlet pipe 111 on the side of the heat exchanger. The top of at least the central part of the first channel 101 is open and is connected to the return water port 51 of the steam drum 5 through the cold medium outlet pipe 112 on the top of the heat exchanger. The inner port of the second channel 102 is connected to the bottom outlet of both the high-pressure separator 3 and the low-pressure separator 4 through the hot medium inlet pipe 113 at the bottom of the heat exchanger. The outer port of the second channel 102 is connected to the downstream through the hot medium outlet pipe 114 on the side of the heat exchanger.

[0063] In this embodiment, there are two spiral plate heat exchangers 1, arranged side by side below the steam drum 5. The cold medium inlet pipe 111 of each heat exchanger is connected to the outlet 53 of the steam drum 5 via a first pipeline 61, and the cold medium outlet pipe 112 of each heat exchanger is connected to the return water port 51 of the steam drum 5 via a second pipeline 62. The hot medium inlet pipe 113 of each heat exchanger is simultaneously connected to the bottom outlet of both the high-pressure separator 3 and the low-pressure separator 4 via a third pipeline 63. Valves for controlling whether each spiral plate heat exchanger 1 operates independently are provided on the first pipeline 61, the second pipeline 62, and the third pipeline 63. At the same time, a bypass pipeline 611 is connected in parallel to the first pipeline 61, and a booster pump 612 is provided on the bypass pipeline 611 to drive the water phase from the outlet 53 of the steam drum 5 to the spiral plate heat exchanger 1. The booster pump is designed to establish water circulation during system startup. After the hot medium output from the bottom of the high-pressure separator 3 and low-pressure separator 4 enters the heat exchanger for heat exchange, causing water to vaporize and generate steam, a siphon can be quickly established, enabling steam-water circulation. Simultaneously, when the system is operating at increased capacity or exceeding its design load, the booster pump can increase the circulation volume, ensuring increased steam production while maintaining a high circulation ratio, thus contributing to stable production. Furthermore, the booster pump is designed to maintain the steam drum liquid level within design requirements. During normal production, the booster pump serves as a backup device and requires no energy.

[0064] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the two spiral plate heat exchangers 1 have the same structure, both including a shell 11, a central cylinder 12, a partition 13, and a spiral plate 14.

[0065] The shell 11 includes a vertically arranged cylinder, an upper end cover 115 at the upper end of the cylinder, and a lower end cover at the lower end of the cylinder. The upper end cover 115 is provided with the aforementioned cold medium outlet pipe 112, and the lower end cover is provided with the aforementioned hot medium inlet pipe 113. The side wall of the cylinder is provided with the aforementioned cold medium inlet pipe 111 and hot medium outlet pipe 114, with the cold medium inlet pipe 111 located below the hot medium outlet pipe 114. Meanwhile, a non-condensable gas outlet pipe 117 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder corresponding to the upper end of the second channel 102, as detailed in Figures 3 and 5.

[0066] The central cylinder 12 is vertically disposed inside the shell 11.

[0067] As shown in Figures 4 and 6, the separator 13 is disposed inside the central cylinder 12 and divides the internal space of the central cylinder 12 into a first independent space 121 that extends vertically and is open at the top and closed at the bottom, and a second independent space 122 that is open at the bottom and closed at the top. The side walls of the central cylinder 12 corresponding to the first and second independent spaces are provided with through holes (the part indicated by the number 12a in Figure 4 is one of the through holes). Specifically, the partition 13 includes vertically extending partitions 131, each having a first side 1311 and a second side 1312 that are opposite to each other and extend axially along the central cylinder 12. The first side 1311 and the second side 1312 respectively engage with the inner circumferential surface of the corresponding central cylinder 12. The partition 131 is arc-shaped, gradually arching towards the center of the central cylinder 12 from the first and second sides to their center, with the central angle corresponding to the arc being less than 180°. The bottom of the inner space of the partition 131 is closed by the first end plate 132 to form the aforementioned first independent space 121. The aforementioned through hole 12a corresponding to the first independent space 121 is located at the bottom of the first independent space 121 and above the first end plate 132. The top of the outer space of the partition 131 is closed by the second end plate 133 to form the aforementioned second independent space 122. In this embodiment, there are two partitions 131, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference. The bottom of the inner space of each partition 131 is closed by its respective first end plate 132 to form the aforementioned first independent space 121.

[0068] There are two spiral plates 14, both located inside the housing 11 and on the outer periphery of the central cylinder 12. Both are supported on the lower end plate and are rolled circumferentially from the inside out to form adjacent first spiral channels 141 and second spiral channels 142. The inner port of the first spiral channel 141 is connected to the first independent space 121 through a corresponding through hole to form the first channel 101. The inner port of the second spiral channel 142 is connected to the second independent space 122 through a corresponding through hole to form the second channel 102. Simultaneously, the upper end of the first spiral channel 141 is open, while the upper end of the second spiral channel 142 is closed.

[0069] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the upper end cover 115 is annular, with its central through hole 1150 facing and connected to the cold medium outlet pipe 112 provided on the upper end cover 115. The edge of the central through hole 1150 is located on the periphery of the central cylinder 12, exposing the inner ring portion of the spiral plate 14 and the upper port of the central cylinder 12. This makes at least the top of the central portion of the first channel 101 open.

[0070] In use, as shown in Figure 4, the heat medium output from the bottom outlets of the high-pressure separator 3 and the low-pressure separator 4 enters the second channel 102 of the spiral plate heat exchanger 1 through the heat medium inlet pipe 113. External water enters the steam drum 5 through the water inlet 54, and then enters the first channel 101 of the spiral plate heat exchanger 1 through the steam drum outlet 53 and the cold medium inlet pipe 111. After exchanging heat with the heat medium in the second channel 102, the temperature rises and vaporizes. The vaporized steam flows upward and is output through the top opening of the first channel 101 and the cold medium outlet pipe 112. Then it enters the steam drum 5 through the return water inlet 51 for gas-liquid separation. The steam after gas-liquid separation is output through the gas outlet 52. The water phase after gas-liquid separation returns to the spiral plate heat exchanger 1 to perform the above heat exchange work, thereby realizing the steam-water cycle and effectively utilizing the heat of the products after the hydrogenation reaction.

[0071] Throughout the heat exchange process, because the spiral plate heat exchanger 1 is vertically arranged and the top of the central part of the first channel 101 is open, the vaporized steam can quickly pass through and be discharged upward into the steam drum 5 for gas-liquid separation. This prevents the formation of steam resistance in the heat exchanger, making the steam-water circulation smoother, which helps the steam drum to operate normally and ensures the balance of gas-liquid separation.

[0072] Furthermore, the residue hydrogenation system in this embodiment is a slurry bed residue hydrogenation system.

[0073] Example 2:

[0074] As shown in Figures 7-11, this is a preferred embodiment of the residue oil hydrogenation system of the present invention. This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the structure of the spiral plate heat exchanger 1 is slightly different. Specifically, in this embodiment, the central through hole 1150 of the upper end cover 115 corresponds only to the upper port of the central cylinder 12 (that is, the upper end cover 115 completely covers the top of the spiral plate). The height of the upper edge of the first spiral channel 141 gradually decreases from the outer ring to the inner ring (made of a right-angled trapezoidal plate, see Figure 11 for details), and the outer ring of the upper edge is in contact with the lower surface of the upper end cover 115, thereby forming an annular gap 110 with an inner ring opening and an outer ring closing between the upper edge of the first spiral channel 141 and the lower surface of the upper end cover 115. The upper edge of the central cylinder 12 is located below the upper end cover 115 to expose the inner ring opening of the annular gap 110. Thus, the steam formed on the outer ring of the first spiral channel 141 can flow directly inward through the annular gap, making the steam-water circulation smoother.

[0075] Meanwhile, to constrain the spiral plate, the lower surface of the upper end cover 115 is provided with at least two radially extending pressure blocks 116 spaced apart circumferentially, and the lower surface of the pressure blocks 116 gradually slopes downward from the outside to the inside, and fits against the upper edge of the corresponding first spiral channel 141. Each pressure block 116 is provided with at least two transversely penetrating first perforations 1160 spaced apart along its extending direction to connect the spaces on both sides of the pressure block 116. Thus, the arrangement of the pressure blocks 116 does not affect the flow of steam.

[0076] Example 3:

[0077] As shown in Figures 12-14, this is a preferred embodiment three of the residue oil hydrogenation system of the present invention. This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment one, except that the structure of the spiral plate heat exchanger 1 is slightly different. Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper end of the first spiral channel 141 is provided with second perforations 1410 penetrating the plate thickness layer by layer from the outer ring to the inner ring, and the upper edge of the central cylinder 12 is located below the aforementioned upper end cover 115 to expose the second perforations 1410. Thus, the steam formed on the outer ring of the first spiral channel 141 can flow inward through each of the second perforations 1410 in sequence, making the steam-water circulation smoother.

[0078] The specification and claims of this invention use terms indicating direction, such as "upper," "lower," "side," "top," and "bottom," to describe various exemplary structural parts and elements of the invention. However, these terms are used herein merely for ease of explanation and are determined based on the exemplary orientations shown in the accompanying drawings. Since the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be arranged in different orientations, these terms indicating direction are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limitations. For example, "upper" and "lower" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite to or consistent with the direction of gravity.

[0079] The term "vertical" is also used in the specification and claims of this invention, meaning basically along the up and down direction, and is not limited to just the vertical direction, but can also be slightly deviated from the vertical direction.

[0080] The term "radial" is also used in the specification and claims of this invention, meaning essentially along the inside-out direction, and is not limited to the radial direction that passes through the center of the circle, but can also be slightly deviated from the radial direction.

Claims

1. A residue hydrotreating system, comprising: The hydrogenation reactor (2) has a reaction inlet (21) for input of hydrogen and residue oil, a gas phase outlet (22) for output of gas phase after reaction, and a liquid phase outlet (23) for output of liquid phase after reaction. A high-pressure separator (3) is connected at its input end to the gas phase outlet (22) of the hydrogenation reactor (2) for separating the gas phase after the reaction. The low-pressure separator (4) is connected at its input end to the liquid phase outlet (23) of the hydrogenation reactor (2) and is used to separate the liquid phase after the reaction. Its features It also includes: The steam drum (5) for gas-liquid separation has a return water inlet (51) for the steam to be separated into gas and liquid, an outlet (52) for the gas phase output after gas-liquid separation, an outlet (53) for the water phase output, and a water replenishment inlet (54). The vertically arranged spiral plate heat exchanger (1) has adjacent first channels (101) and second channels (102) arranged spirally from the inside to the outside. The outer port of the first channel (101) is connected to the outlet (53) of the steam drum (5) through the cold medium inlet pipe (111) on the side of the heat exchanger. The top of at least the central part of the first channel (101) is open and is connected to the return water port (51) of the steam drum (5) through the cold medium outlet pipe (112) at the top of the heat exchanger. The inner port of the second channel (102) is connected to the bottom outlet of the high pressure separator (3) and the low pressure separator (4) through the hot medium inlet pipe (113) at the bottom of the heat exchanger. The outer port of the second channel (102) is connected to the downstream through the hot medium outlet pipe (114) on the side of the heat exchanger.

2. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two spiral plate heat exchangers (1) arranged side by side. The cold medium inlet pipe (111) of each heat exchanger is connected to the outlet (53) of the steam drum (5) through the first pipeline (61). The cold medium outlet pipe (112) of each heat exchanger is connected to the return water port (51) of the steam drum (5) through the second pipeline (62). The hot medium inlet pipe (113) of each heat exchanger is connected to the bottom outlet of the high pressure separator (3) and the low pressure separator (4) through the third pipeline (63). Valves for controlling whether each spiral plate heat exchanger (1) works independently are provided on the first pipeline (61), the second pipeline (62) and the third pipeline (63).

3. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bypass pipeline (611) is connected in parallel to the first pipeline (61), and a pressurizing pump (612) is provided on the bypass pipeline (611) to drive the water phase from the outlet (53) of the steam drum (5) to the spiral plate heat exchanger (1).

4. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral plate heat exchanger (1) is located below the steam drum (5).

5. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return water inlet (51) is positioned slightly below the center of the steam drum (5).

6. The residue hydrotreating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The spiral plate heat exchanger (1) includes: The housing (11) has the above-mentioned cold medium outlet pipe (112) on its top, the above-mentioned hot medium inlet pipe (113) on its bottom, and the above-mentioned cold medium inlet pipe (111) and hot medium outlet pipe (114) on its side. The central cylinder (12) is vertically disposed inside the shell (11); A partition (13) is provided inside the central cylinder (12) and divides the internal space of the central cylinder (12) into a first independent space (121) that extends vertically and is open at the top and closed at the bottom, and a second independent space (122) that is open at the bottom and closed at the top. The side walls of the central cylinder (12) corresponding to the first and second independent spaces are provided with through holes. Two spiral plates (14) are disposed inside the housing (11) and on the outer periphery of the central cylinder (12), and are rolled from the inside to the outside in the circumferential direction to form an adjacent first spiral channel (141) and a second spiral channel (142). The inner port of the first spiral channel (141) is connected to the first independent space (121) through a corresponding through hole to form the first channel (101) mentioned above. The inner port of the second spiral channel (142) is connected to the second independent space (122) through a corresponding through hole to form the second channel (102) mentioned above.

7. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The partition (13) includes a partition (131) extending vertically, having a first side (1311) and a second side (1312) that are opposite to each other and extend along the axial direction of the central cylinder (12). The first side (1311) and the second side (1312) are respectively engaged with the inner circumferential surface of the corresponding central cylinder (12). The partition (131) is arc-shaped, gradually arching towards the center of the central cylinder (12) from the first and second sides to their center. The bottom of the inner space of the partition (131) is closed by the first end plate (132) to form the first independent space (121) mentioned above. The top of the outer space of the partition (131) is closed by the second end plate (133) to form the second independent space (122) mentioned above.

8. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The through hole corresponding to the first independent space (121) is located at the bottom of the first independent space (121) and above the first end plate (132).

9. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are two partitions (131) arranged at intervals along the circumference. The bottom of the inner space of each partition (131) is closed by its respective first end plate (132) to form the first independent space (121) mentioned above.

10. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The housing (11) includes an upper end cover (115) covering the spiral plate (14), and the upper end cover (115) has a central through hole (1150) in an annular shape. The central through hole (1150) corresponds at least to the upper port of the central cylinder (12) and is opposite to and connected to the cold medium outlet pipe (112) provided on the upper end cover (115).

11. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The upper end of the first spiral channel (141) is open, the upper end of the second spiral channel (142) is closed, and the edge of the central through hole (1150) of the upper end cover (115) is located on the periphery of the central cylinder (12) and exposes the inner ring of the spiral plate (14).

12. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The height of the upper edge of the first spiral channel (141) gradually decreases from the outer ring to the inner ring, and the outer ring of the upper edge is in contact with the lower surface of the upper end cover (115), thereby forming an annular gap (110) with an inner ring opening and an outer ring closing between the upper edge of the first spiral channel (141) and the lower surface of the upper end cover (115), and the upper edge of the central cylinder (12) is located below the upper end cover (115) to expose the inner ring opening of the annular gap (110).

13. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The lower surface of the upper cover (115) is provided with at least two radially extending pressure blocks (116) spaced apart in the circumferential direction, and the lower surface of the pressure block (116) gradually slopes downward from the outside to the inside and fits against the upper edge of the corresponding first spiral channel (141).

14. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The pressure block (116) is provided with at least two transverse through holes (1160) spaced apart along its extension direction to connect the spaces on both sides of the pressure block (116).

15. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The upper end of the first spiral channel (141) is provided with a second through hole (1410) that penetrates the thickness of the plate layer by layer from the outer ring to the inner ring, and the upper edge of the central cylinder (12) is located below the upper end cover (115) to expose the second through hole (1410).

16. The residue hydrotreating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The non-condensable gas outlet pipe (117) is provided on the side wall of the housing (11) at the position corresponding to the upper end of the second channel (102).

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