Dentifrice compositions containing sustained amounts of fluoride

Abstract

A dentifrice composition, comprising: sodium monofluorophosphate; a bioactive glass, comprising: 10-60 wt.% SiO2; 0.1-15 wt.% ZrO2; 10-60 wt.% CaO; and 1-30 wt.% P2O5; based on total weight of the bioactive glass; and water in an amount of at least 20 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

Description

Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCTDENTIFRICE COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SUSTAINED AMOUNTS OF FLUORIDECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 688982 filed on August 30, 2024, the content of which is relied upon and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIELD

[0002] The disclosure relates generally to dentifrice compositions comprising bioactive glass, and more particularly to shelf-stable aqueous dentifrice compositions that contain a sustained level of free fluoride even after storage.BACKGROUND

[0003] Dentifrice compositions, such as toothpastes, are ubiquitous across the world for oral care. Active ingredients in some dentifrice compositions can sometimes interact in negative ways, potentially leading to unintended consequences such as inactivation of the active ingredients. While some dentifrice compositions may provide such active ingredients in potent form immediately after preparation by a manufacturer, over time during storage the actives may degrade or otherwise become inactivated prior to use by an end user. Thus, there is a need in the art for improved dentifrice compositions that are capable of delivering multiple active ingredients at sufficient concentrations at the time of use by an end user. This disclosure is directed toward these, as well as other, important ends.SUMMARY

[0004] The disclosure relates, in various aspects, to dentifrice compositions comprising: sodium monofluorophosphate; a bioactive glass, comprising: 10-60 wt.% SiCT: 0.1-15 wt.% ZrO2; 10-60 wt.% CaO; and 1-30 wt.% P2O5; based on total weight of the bioactive glass; and water in an amount of at least 20 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

[0005] The disclosure relates, in various aspects, to dentifrice compositions in the form of a toothpaste, a tooth gel, or a mouthwash.

[0006] Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows, and in part will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from that description or recognized by practicing the aspects as described herein, including the detailed description which follows, the claims, as well as the appended drawings.

[0007] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and are intended to provide an overview or framework forAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT understanding the nature and character of the disclosure and claims. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate various aspects of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles and operations of the various aspects.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The following detailed description can be further understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings. Whenever possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. It is to be understood that the figures are not drawn to scale and the size of each depicted component or the relative size of one component to another is not intended to be limiting.

[0009] FIG. 1 is a plot of total F in fluoride ions vs. glass submersion time, demonstrating that the combination of SMFP and a bioactive glass disclosed herein exhibit sustained total fluoride content (as F and / or FPO32).

[0010] FIG. 2 is a powder XRD spectrum that assesses the effect of SMFP on the remineralization behavior of a bioactive glass disclosed herein.

[0011] FIG. 3 is a scatter plot illustrating weight loss from Glass 1 and 45S5 as a function of immersion time in DI water at 37 °C.

[0012] FIGs. 4A, 5A, and 6A are scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of dentin tubules in a human dentin disc after following the brushing protocols set forth in Example 4.

[0013] FIGs. 4B, 5B, and 6B are zoomed in versions of the SEM images of FIGs. 4A, 5A, and 6 A, respectively.

[0014] FIGs. 7A and 7B are SEM images of dentin tubules in a human dentin disc after following the brushing protocols set forth in Example 4.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In the following description, whenever a group is described as comprising at least one of a group of elements and combinations thereof, it is understood that the group may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of any number of those elements recited, either individually or in combination with each other. Similarly, whenever a group is described as consisting of at least one of a group of elements or combinations thereof, it is understood that the group may consist of any number of those elements recited, either individually or in combination with each other.

[0016] Where a range of numerical values is recited herein, comprising upper and lower values, unless otherwise stated in specific circumstances, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof, and all integers and fractions within the range. Further, when an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is given as a range, one or more ranges, or a list of upper values and lower values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upperAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT range limit or value and any lower range limit or value, regardless of whether such pairs are separately disclosed.

[0017] The term “substantially” may be utilized herein to represent the inherent degree of uncertainty that may be attributed to any quantitative comparison, value, measurement, or other representation. This term is also utilized herein to represent the degree by which a quantitative representation may vary from a stated reference without resulting in a change in the basic function of the subject matter at issue. Thus, for example, a composition that is “substantially free” of any specific component (e.g., AI2O3, MgO, or any other component) is one in which the component is not actively added or batched into the composition, but may be present in small amounts as a contaminant (e.g., can be specified to be less than 1000, 500, 400, 300, 200, or 100 ppm), or, if actively added or batched, is present in an amount less than 1 wt.% (e.g., or can be specified to be less than 0.5 wt.%, 0.1 wt.%, or 0.05 wt.%.), based on total amount of the composition (moles or mass for ppm, and mass for wt.%).

[0018] Herein, glass compositions are expressed in terms of wt.% amounts of particular components included therein on an oxide bases unless otherwise indicated (e.g., the amounts may instead be expressed in mol.%). Any component having more than one oxidation state may be present in a glass composition in any oxidation state. However, concentrations of such component are expressed in terms of the oxide in which such component is at its lowest oxidation state unless otherwise indicated.

[0019] As used herein, the terms “fluorine” and “fluoride” are used interchangeably without any difference in meaning intended.

[0020] As used herein, the terms “mass” and “weight” are used interchangeably without any difference in meaning intended.

[0021] All amounts of components of bioactive glasses herein are specified in weight percent (wt.%) and are based on total weight of the bioactive glass, unless specified otherwise.

[0022] As used herein, a glass, glass-ceramic, or crystalline phase that is “bioactive” means that the glass, glass-ceramic, or crystalline phase is biologically compatible with bone, teeth, and / or tissue. By way of illustration, in some aspects, “bioactive” in this context refers to (1) the ability to form apatite (or other bioactive crystalline phases such as hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite, carbonated apatite, or any combination thereof) in a simulated body fluid, such as artificial saliva, according to ASTM F1538-03 (2017), and / or (2) the capability of binding with a desired biological material (e.g., bones, teeth, and / or tissue). Generally, there is also an absence of toxicity or other significant negative effects in a biological environment (e.g., bones, teeth, and / or tissue).

[0023] As used herein, the term “>0” means “greater than zero.” Similarly, terms such as “>0- 10” means “greater than zero and less than or equal to 10.” Similar meanings can be ascribed to similar terms that merely have different numbers.Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0024] A used herein, the term “aqueous” means that a dentifrice composition comprises an amount of water to such an extent that one of ordinary skill in the field of dentifrice compositions would consider the dentifrice composition to be “aqueous” as opposed to “non-aqueous.” By way of example, a dentifrice composition containing at least 20 wt.% water, at least 50 wt.% water, at least 67 wt.% water, or any other amount of water disclosed elsewhere herein, based on the total weight of the dentifrice composition, could be considered to be “aqueous” by one of ordinary skill in the art, depending on context. Similarly, a dentifrice composition containing less than a certain amount of water could be considered to be “non-aqueous” (e.g., less than 67 wt.%, less, than 50 wt.%, less than 20 wt.%, or any other water amount disclosed elsewhere herein), depending on context.

[0025] Oral diseases impact approximately 3.5 billion people globally during their lifetime, which may manifest themselves in several ways, leading to pain, discomfort, or potentially more serious health issues. For instance, the formation of dental caries and dentin hypersensitivity are two of the most common problems impacting human oral health. The formation of caries, as caused by acid erosion or plaque buildup on the tooth, results from the demineralization of the tooth. In other words, apatite crystals at the tooth surface dissolve under these conditions, resulting in enamel loss as well as in calcium and phosphate ion release into the mouth. The caries can be managed non- invasively by initiating a re-mineralization process, in which calcium and phosphate ions are supplied through an external source to promote crystal deposition into voids in demineralized enamel. The use of amorphous forms of calcium phosphate (i.e. bioactive glasses) has shown the most promising evidence for delivering the ions required for remineralization, in which the glass dissolves at a controlled rate while in saliva and converts to phases such as hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite, and other calcium phosphate phases that are compatible with tooth mineral.

[0026] Additionally, fluorides have been well recognized, as caries preventive agents, to inhibit demineralization and promote remineralization of dental hard tissues. Interactions of fluoride with dental hard tissues can produce a more stable acid-resistant mineral phase. The reaction products after fluoridation have been reported to include calcium fluoride (CaF2), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), and fluorapatite (FAP, CaTPO ipF). The fluoride-containing compounds can provide better acid resistance and serve as fluoride reservoirs. In particular, the solubility of fluorapatite (Ksp= 3.19xl0-61) is much less than hydroxyapatite (KsP= 7.36xlO-60) in dilute phosphoric acid at 37 °C (and this solubility relationship is expected to be the same in other solvents). As a result, fluoridated toothpastes are the most cost-effective and widely used fluoride-containing products for oral care applications. For the above reasons, there is a strong desire to combine the effects of bioactive glass and fluoride within a toothpaste to induce rapid mineralization at the tooth surface.

[0027] Bioactive glasses, such as 45S5 Bioglass® (see US Patent 4, 234,972), degrade in the body and convert to apatite, making them beneficial for a range of biomedical applications. As an active ingredient in toothpaste, 45 S5, under the brand name of Novamin®, has been formulated inAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT toothpaste for dentin hypersensitivity treatment. However, the rapid reactivity of certain bioactive glasses, like 45S5, does not allow for their use in aqueous toothpastes, since long-term storage in an aqueous toothpaste chassis will result in a build-up of solid products prior to delivery in the oral care application. For instance, the leading bioactive glass (45S5) containing toothpaste product on the market, Sensodyne Repair and Protect® from Haleon pic., is a glycerin-based formulation. As a result of the significant amount of glycerin present, and absence of water, fluoride ion removal is not a significant problem in Sensodyne Repair and Protect®, since the water-bioactive glass interaction does not take place to a significant extent when in a storage condition. Production of a water-based dentifrice is desired from a cost and natural ingredient perspective; however, the affinity for ions such as Ca2+to combine with free fluoride in a aqueous compositions and form solid phases like CaF2leads to a significant reduction in possible deliverable ions (Ca2+and F") during the storage lifetime of the dentifrice composition, such as toothpaste, making such ions unavailable to perform their intended function such as rebuilding enamel.

[0028] Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations § 355.10, under the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), specifically highlights that for over-the-counter oral care products with anticaries properties, the level of total theoretical fluorine should be in the range of 850 to 1150 ppm. This code further defines that if sodium fluoride (NaF) is used as the source of fluoride, the level of available fluoride ion in the oral care product should be a minimum of 650 ppm. However, this code also allows for the use of other fluoride sources, such as stannous fluoride (SnF2) and sodium monofluorophosphate (Na2FPC>3). In the case of Na2FPOs, the FDA regulation requires available fluorine ion in the dentifrice composition to be a minimum of 850 ppm, which according to the regulation can be the total amount of F and FPO ,2ions present.

[0029] Disclosed herein in some aspects are dentifrice compositions that include complex ions containing fluorine in combination with bioactive glasses to maintain total fluoride ion concentrations within the limits defined by the FDA. Disclosed herein in some aspects are dentifrice composition (e.g., aqueous dentifrice compositions) that contain bioactive glass and a fluoride complex ion source (e.g., Na2FPC>3) as active ingredients. As described elsewhere herein, solid products like CaF2typically are formed in aqueous dentifrice compositions, particularly when in storage, due to water leaching calcium ions from a calcium source (e.g., certain bioactive glasses), and such calcium ions combining with free fluoride ions to create insoluble CaF2. However, it was surprisingly found that a complex fluoride ion, such as Na2FPO;,. mitigates solid fluoride phase formation during storage of the composition, particularly when the composition is water-based (e.g., containing water in an amount of at least 10 wt.%, or at least 20 wt.%, or at least 50 wt.%, etc., of the dentifrice composition). In particular, it was surprisingly found that such an additive (e.g., Na2FPC>3) helps released Ca2+or Mg2to be stable in an aqueous composition (e.g., water-based toothpaste) without substantially forming solid products, like CaF2, that have extremely low solubility products. In this regard, use of anAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT additive like Na2FPO3 in conjunction with bioactive glasses herein avoids “trapping” of Ca2+and F ions in a form that would make them unavailable for beneficial effects, such as to remineralize teeth. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions are aqueous dentifrice compositions. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions are non-aqueous dentifrice compositions.

[0030] In some aspects, disclosed are strategies to incorporate bioactive glass into dentifrice compositions, such as aqueous toothpastes, so that the efficacy of deliverable ions such as Ca2+and F (which can be in the form of FPO ,2) will not be reduced as a result of storage lifetime. In some aspects, the present disclosure relates to the use of targeted additives like Na2FPC>3 (1) that disfavor complexation with ionic species like Ca2+, thus slowing the removal of such ions from the composition (e.g., in the form of solid CaF2), and / or (2) that slow the forward reaction of precipitating fluoride-based species (like CaF2) by shifting the equilibrium away from solid phase formation.

[0031] In some aspects, dentifrice compositions containing bioactive glass and a targeted additive (e.g., NaJPCh) may also contain one or more of the following components: water as a solvent / carrier, at least one humectant such as glycerol, at least one thickening agent, at least one pH buffering agent, and optional additional agents including but not limited to: preservatives, flavoring agents, and additional fluoride-ion sources.

[0032] In some aspects, disclosed are dentifrice compositions, comprising: sodium monofluorophosphate; a bioactive glass, comprising:10-60 wt.% SiO2;0.1-15 wt.% ZrO2;10-60 wt.% CaO; and1-30 wt.% P2O5; based on total weight of the bioactive glass; and water in an amount of at least 20 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

[0033] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise F ", FPO32", or a combination of F and FPO32" in any suitable amount. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise F", FPO32", or a combination of F" and FPO32" in an amount (ppm, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of at least 600, at least 650, at least 700, at least 750, at least 800, at least 850, at least 900, at least 950, at least 1000, at least 1050, at least 1100, at least 1150, at least 1200, at least 1250, at least 1300, at least 1400, at least 1500, 1600 or less, 1500 or less, 1400 or less, 1300 or less, 1250 or less, 1200 or less, 1150 or less, 1100 or less, 1050 or less, 1000 or less, 950 or less, 900 or less, 850 or less, 800 or less, 750 or less, 700 or less, 650 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise F", FPO32", or a combination of F" and FPO32" in an amount (ppm, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 600-1500,Attomey Docket No. SP24-230 PCT600-1400, 600-1300, 600-1250, 600-1200, 600-1150, 600-1100, 600-1050, 600-1000, 600-950, 600- 900, 600-850, 600-800, 600-750, 600-700, 600-650, 650-1500, 650-1400, 650-1300, 650-1250, 650- 1200, 650-1150, 650-1100, 650-1050, 650-1000, 650-950, 650-900, 650-850, 650-800, 650-750, 650- 700, 700-5100, 700-1500, 700-1400, 700-1300, 700-1250, 700-1200, 700-1150, 700-1100, 700-1050, 700-1000, 700-950, 700-900, 700-850, 700-800, 700-750, 750-1500, 750-1400, 750-1300, 750-1250, 750-1200, 750-1150, 750-1100, 750-1050, 750-1000, 750-950, 750-900, 750-850, 750-800, 800- 1500, 800-1400, 800-1300, 800-1250, 800-1200, 800-1150, 800-1100, 800-1050, 800-1000, 800-950, 800-900, 800-850, 850-1500, 850-1400, 850-1300, 850-1250, 850-1200, 850-1150, 850-1100, 850- 1050, 850-1000, 850-950, 850-900, 900-1500, 900-1400, 900-1300, 900-1250, 900-1200, 900-1150, 900-1100, 900-1050, 900-1000, 900-950, 950-1500, 950-1400, 950-1300, 950-1250, 950-1200, 950- 1150, 950-1100, 950-1050, 950-1000, 1000-1500, 1000-1400, 1000-1300, 1000-1250, 1000-1200, 1000-1150, 1000-1100, 1000-1050, 1050-1500, 1050-1400, 1050-1300, 1050-1250, 1050-1200, 1050- 1150, 1050-1100, 1100-1500, 1100-1400, 1100-1300, 1100-1250, 1100-1200, 1100-1150, 1150-1500, 1150-1400, 1150-1300, 1150-1250, 1150-1200, 1200-1500, 1200-1400, 1200-1300, 1200-1250, 1250- 1500, 1250-1400, 1250-1300, 1300-1500, 1300-1400, or 1400-1500. In particular, in some aspects, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise F ", FPO32", or a combination of F and FPO32" in an amount (ppm, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of at least 850, 850-1150, 1150 or less, 900-1100, 800-1200, or 600-1200. The amounts disclosed herein can refer to F alone, FPO32" alone, or a combination of F and FPO32". The amounts disclosed herein can also be specified to include any other (or all other) ions containing atomic fluorine, if indicated by context (e.g., the dentifrice compositions can be specified to comprise ions containing atomic fluorine, in which such ions are present in any of the amounts disclosed in this or other paragraphs herein).

[0034] In some aspects, the amount of F~, FPO32" or a combination of F and FPO32" (and / or any other ions containing atomic fluorine if it is specified that such ions are also to be included in the amount) as disclosed elsewhere herein is present for any suitable time period after a dentifrice composition is initially prepared. In this regard, specifying such time period indicates a level of shelf stability of the dentifrice composition. In some aspects, such amount is present after a time period (days) of at least 1, at least 3, at least 5, at least 7, at least 10, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 75, at least 100, at least 150, at least 200, at least 250, at least 300, at least 350, at least 365, at least 400, at least 500, at least 600, at least 700, at least 730, at least 800, at least 900, at least 1000, at least 1095, 1100 or less, 1095 or less, 1000 or less, 900 or less, 800 or less, 700 or less, 600 or less, 500 or less, 400 or less, 365 or less, 350 or less, 300 or less, 250 or less, 200 or less, 150 or less, 100 or less, 75 or less, 50 or less, 40 or less, 30 or less, 20 or less, 10 or less, 7 or less, 5 or less, 3 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the time period (days) is 1-1100, 1-1095, 1-1000, 1-800, 1-500, 1-365, 1-300, 1-200, 1-100, 1-50, 1-20, 1-10, 1-7, 1-5, 1-3, 3- 1100, 3-900, 3-700, 3-400, 3-300, 3-100, 3-50, 3-20, 3-10, 3-7, 3-5, 5-1100, 5-1000, 5-900, 5-700, 5-Attomey Docket No. SP24-230 PCT400, 5-200, 5-100, 5-75, 5-50, 5-20, 5-10, 5-7, 7-1100, 7-900, 7-700, 7-500, 7-300, 7-100, 7-75, 7-50, 7-30, 7-10, 10-1100, 10-1000, 10-900, 10-700, 10-600, 10-400, 10-200, 10-100, 10-75, 10-50, 10-40, 10-30, 20-1100, 20-900, 20-800, 20-600, 20-500, 20-300, 20-100, 20-75, 20-50, 20-40, 30-1100, 30- 900, 30-800, 30-700, 30-500, 30-300, 30-100, 30-75, 30-50, 50-1100, 50-900, 50-700, 50-600, SO- SOO, 50-300, 50-200, 50-100, 50-75, 75-1100, 75-1095, 75-1000, 75-900, 75-800, 75-600, 75-400, 75- 365, 75-300, 75-200, 75-100, 100-1100, 100-1000, 100-800, 100-600, 100-400, 100-300, 100-200, 200-1100, 200-1095, 200-900, 200-800, 200-700, 200-500, 200-365, 200-300, 300-1100, 300-1095, 300-900, 300-800, 300-600, 300-500, 300-400, 365-1100, 365-1000, 365-900, 365-800, 365-700, 365-600, 365-500, 365-400, 400-1100, 400-900, 400-700, 400-500, 500-1100, 500-900, 500-700, 600-1100, 600-1000, 600-900, 600-800, 600-700, 700-1100, 700-900, 700-800, 800-1100, 800-1095, 800-1000, 800-900, 900-1100, 900-1000, or 1000-1100. In particular, in some aspects, the time period (days) is 1-7, at least 7, 7-365, or 365-1095.

[0035] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise sodium monofluorophosphate (Na2FPOs) in any suitable amount. For example in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise Na2FPC>3 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0.01, at least 0.05, at least 0.1, at least 0.2, at least 0.3, at least 0.4, at least 0.5, at least 0.6, at least 0.7, at least 0.8, at least 0.9, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.9 or less, 0.8 or less, 0.7 or less, 0.6 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.4 or less, 0.3 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, 0.05 or less, 0.01 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise Na2FPOs in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-0-1, 0-0.9, 0-0.8, 0-0.7, 0-0.6, 0-0.5, 0-0.4, 0- 0.3, 0-0.2, 0-0.1, 0-0.05, 0-0.01, >0-9, >0-8, >0-7, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.9, >0-0.8, >0-0.7, >0-0.6, >0-0.5, >0-0.4, >0-0.3, >0-0.2, >0-0.1, >0-0.05, >0-0.01, 0.01-9, 0.01-8, 0.01-7, 0.01- 6, 0.01-5, 0.01-4, 0.01-3, 0.01-2, 0.01-1, 0.01-0.9, 0.01-0.8, 0.01-0.7, 0.01-0.6, 0.01-0.5, 0.01-0.4, 0.01-0.3, 0.01-0.2, 0.01-0.1, 0.01-0.05, 0.05-9, 0.05-8, 0.05-7, 0.05-6, 0.05-5, 0.05-4, 0.05-3, 0.05-2, 0.05-1, 0.05-0.9, 0.05-0.8, 0.05-0.7, 0.05-0.6, 0.05-0.5, 0.05-0.4, 0.05-0.3, 0.05-0.2, 0.05-0.1, 0.1-9, 0.1-8, 0.1-7, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.9, 0.1-0.8, 0.1-0.7, 0.1-0.6, 0.1-0.5, 0.1-0.4, 0.1-0.3, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-9, 0.2-8, 0.2-7, 0.2-6, 0.2-5, 0.2-4, 0.2-3, 0.2-2, 0.2-1, 0.2-0.9, 0.2-0.8, 0.2-0.7, 0.2-0.6, 0.2-0.5, 0.2-0.4, 0.2-0.3, 0.3-9, 0.3-8, 0.3-7, 0.3-6, 0.3-5, 0.3-4, 0.3-3, 0.3-2, 0.3-1, 0.3-0.9, 0.3-0.8, 0.3-0.7, 0.3-0.6, 0.3-0.5, 0.3-0.4, 0.4-9, 0.4-8, 0.4-7, 0.4-6, 0.4-5, 0.4-4, 0.4-3, 0.4-2, 0.4-1, 0.4-0.9, 0.4-0.8, 0.4-0.7, 0.4-0.6, 0.4-0.5, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 0.5-0.9, 0.5-0.8, 0.5-0.7, 0.5-0.6, 0.6-9, 0.6-8, 0.6-7, 0.6-6, 0.6-5, 0.6-4, 0.6-3, 0.6-2, 0.6-1, 0.6-0.9, 0.6-0.8, 0.6-0.7, 0.7-9, 0.7-8, 0.7-7, 0.7-6, 0.7-5, 0.7-4, 0.7-3, 0.7-2, 0.7-1, 0.7-0.9, 0.7-0.8, 0.8-9, 0.8- 8, 0.8-7, 0.8-6, 0.8-5, 0.8-4, 0.8-3, 0.8-2, 0.8-1, 0.8-0.9, 0.9-9, 0.9-8, 0.9-7, 0.9-6, 0.9-5, 0.9-4, 0.9-3, 0.9-2, 0.9-1, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-9, 2-8, 2-7, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-9, 3-8, 3-7, 3-6, 3-Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT5, 3-4, 4-9, 4-8, 4-7, 4-6, 4-5, 5-9, 5-8, 5-7, 5-6, 6-9, 6-8, 6-7, 7-9, 7-8, or 8-9. In particular, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise Na2FPOs in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of >0-1, 0.01-1, 0.01-0.5, 0.5-9, or 5-9. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions are free, or substantially free, of Na2FPC>3.

[0036] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions a fluoride source instead of, or in addition to, sodium monofluorophosphate. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, or a combination thereof. The dentifrice compositions can comprise sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, or a combination thereof, in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0.01, at least 0.05, at least 0.1, at least 0.2, at least 0.3, at least 0.4, at least 0.5, at least 0.6, at least 0.7, at least 0.8, at least 0.9, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.9 or less, 0.8 or less, 0.7 or less, 0.6 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.4 or less, 0.3 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, 0.05 or less, 0.01 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, or a combination thereof, in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-0-1, 0-0.9, 0-0.8, 0-0.7, 0-0.6, 0-0.5, 0-0.4, 0-0.3, 0-0.2, 0-0.1, 0-0.05, 0-0.01, >0-9, >0-8, >0-7, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.9, >0-0.8, >0-0.7, >0-0.6, >0-0.5, >0-0.4, >0-0.3, >0-0.2, >0-0. 1, >0-0.05, >0-0.01, 0.01-9, 0.01-8, 0.01- 7, 0.01-6, 0.01-5, 0.01-4, 0.01-3, 0.01-2, 0.01-1, 0.01-0.9, 0.01-0.8, 0.01-0.7, 0.01-0.6, 0.01-0.5, 0.01- 0.4, 0.01-0.3, 0.01-0.2, 0.01-0.1, 0.01-0.05, 0.05-9, 0.05-8, 0.05-7, 0.05-6, 0.05-5, 0.05-4, 0.05-3, 0.05-2, 0.05-1, 0.05-0.9, 0.05-0.8, 0.05-0.7, 0.05-0.6, 0.05-0.5, 0.05-0.4, 0.05-0.3, 0.05-0.2, 0.05-0.1, 0.1-9, 0.1-8, 0.1-7, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.9, 0.1-0.8, 0.1-0.7, 0.1-0.6, 0.1-0.5, 0.1-0.4, 0.1-0.3, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-9, 0.2-8, 0.2-7, 0.2-6, 0.2-5, 0.2-4, 0.2-3, 0.2-2, 0.2-1, 0.2-0.9, 0.2-0.8, 0.2-0.7, 0.2-0.6, 0.2-0.5, 0.2-0.4, 0.2-0.3, 0.3-9, 0.3-8, 0.3-7, 0.3-6, 0.3-5, 0.3-4, 0.3-3, 0.3-2, 0.3-1, 0.3-0.9, 0.3-0.8, 0.3-0.7, 0.3-0.6, 0.3-0.5, 0.3-0.4, 0.4-9, 0.4-8, 0.4-7, 0.4-6, 0.4-5, 0.4-4, 0.4-3, 0.4-2, 0.4-1, 0.4-0.9, 0.4-0.8, 0.4-0.7, 0.4-0.6, 0.4-0.5, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 0.5-0.9, 0.5-0.8, 0.5-0.7, 0.5-0.6, 0.6-9, 0.6-8, 0.6-7, 0.6-6, 0.6-5, 0.6-4, 0.6-3, 0.6-2, 0.6-1, 0.6- 0.9, 0.6-0.8, 0.6-0.7, 0.7-9, 0.7-8, 0.7-7, 0.7-6, 0.7-5, 0.7-4, 0.7-3, 0.7-2, 0.7-1, 0.7-0.9, 0.7-0.8, 0.8-9, 0.8-8, 0.8-7, 0.8-6, 0.8-5, 0.8-4, 0.8-3, 0.8-2, 0.8-1, 0.8-0.9, 0.9-9, 0.9-8, 0.9-7, 0.9-6, 0.9-5, 0.9-4, 0.9-3, 0.9-2, 0.9-1, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-9, 2-8, 2-7, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-9, 3-8, 3-7, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-9, 4-8, 4-7, 4-6, 4-5, 5-9, 5-8, 5-7, 5-6, 6-9, 6-8, 6-7, 7-9, 7-8, or 8-9. In particular, the dentifrice compositions comprise sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, or a combination thereof, in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0.01-1, 0.2-5, or >0-3. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions are free, or substantially free, of sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, or a combination thereof. The amounts in this paragraph can refer to sodium fluoride alone, stannous fluoride alone, or a combination of both sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride.Attomey Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0037] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise bioactive glass in any suitable amount. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise bioactive glass in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.2, at least 0.4, at least 0.6, at least 0.8, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 8, at least 10, at least 12, at least 14, at least 16, at least 18, 20 or less, 18 or less, 16 or less, 14 or less, 12 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.8 or less, 0.6 or less, 0.4 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise bioactive glass in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-20, 0-18, 0-16, 0-14, 0-12, 0-10, 0-8, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.8, 0- 0.6, 0-0.4, 0-0.2, 0-0.1, >0-20, >0-18, >0-16, >0-14, >0-12, >0-10, >0-8, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.8, >0-0.6, >0-0.4, >0-0.2, >0-0.1, 0.1-20, 0.1-18, 0.1-16, 0.1-14, 0.1-12, 0.1-10, 0.1-8, 0.1- 6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.8, 0.1-0.6, 0.1-0.4, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-20, 0.2-18, 0.2-16, 0.2-14, 0.2-12, 0.2-10, 0.2-8, 0.2-6, 0.2-5, 0.2-4, 0.2-3, 0.2-2, 0.2-1, 0.2-0.8, 0.2-0.6, 0.2-0.4, 0.4-20, 0.4-18, 0.4-16, 0.4-14, 0.4-12, 0.4-10, 0.4-8, 0.4-6, 0.4-5, 0.4-4, 0.4-3, 0.4-2, 0.4-1, 0.4-0.8, 0.4-0.6, 0.6-20, 0.6-18, 0.6-16, 0.6-14, 0.6-12, 0.6-10, 0.6-8, 0.6-6, 0.6-5, 0.6-4, 0.6-3, 0.6-2, 0.6-1, 0.6-0.8, 0.8-20, 0.8-18, 0.8-16, 0.8-14, 0.8-12, 0.8-10, 0.8-8, 0.8-6, 0.8-5, 0.8-4, 0.8-3, 0.8-2, 0.8-1, 1-20, 1-18, 1-16, 1-14, 1-12, 1-10, 1-8, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-20, 2-18, 2-16, 2-14, 2-12, 2-10, 2-8, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-20, 3-18, 3-16, 3-14, 3-12, 3-10, 3-8, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-20, 4-18, 4-16, 4-14, 4-12, 4-10, 4-8, 4-6, 4-5, 5-20, 5-18, 5-16, 5-14, 5-12, 5-10, 5-8, 5-6, 6-20, 6-18, 6-16, 6-14, 6-12, 6-10, 6-8, 8-20, 8-18, 8-16, 8-14, 8-12, 8-10, 10-20, 10-18, 10-16, 10-14, 10-12, 12-20, 12-18, 12-16, 12-14, 14-20, 14-18, 14-16, 16-20, 16-18, or 18-20. In particular, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise bioactive glass in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of >0-20, >0-5, 0. 1-10, 1-8, or 12-20.

[0038] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise amino acid in any suitable amount. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise amino acid in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 4, at least 6, at least 8, at least 10, at least 12, at least 14, at least 18, at least 20, at least 22, 25 or less, 22 or less, 20 or less, 18 or less, 16 or less, 14 or less, 12 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, 6 or less, 4 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise amino acid in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-25, 0-24, 0-22, 0-20, 0-18, 0-16, 0-14, 0-12, 0-10, 0-8, 0-6, 0-4, 0- 2, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-25, >0-24, >0-22, >0-20, >0-18, >0-16, >0-14, >0-12, >0-10, >0-8, >0-6, >0-4, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-25, 0.1-24, 0.1-22, 0.1-20, 0.1-18, 0.1-16, 0.1-14, 0.1-12, 0.1-10, 0.1- 8, 0.1-6, 0.1-4, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-25, 0.5-24, 0.5-22, 0.5-20, 0.5-18, 0.5-16, 0.5-14, 0.5-12, 0.5- 10, 0.5-8, 0.5-6, 0.5-4, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 1-25, 1-24, 1-22, 1-20, 1-18, 1-16, 1-14, 1-12, 1-10, 1-8, 1-6, 1-4, 1-2, 2-25, 2-24, 2-22, 2-20, 2-18, 2-6, 2-14, 2-12, 2-10, 2-8, 2-6, 2-4, 4-25, 4-24, 4-22, 4-20, 4-18, 4-Attomey Docket No. SP24-230 PCT16, 4-14, 4-12, 4-10, 4-8, 4-6, 6-25, 6-24, 6-22, 6-20, 6-18, 6-16, 6-14, 6-12, 6-10, 6-8, 8-25, 8-24, 8- 22, 8-20, 8-18, 8-16, 8-14, 8-12, 8-10, 10-25, 10-24, 10-22, 10-20, 10-18, 10-16, 10-14, 10-12, 12-25, 12-24, 12-22, 12-20, 12-18, 12-16, 12-14, 14-25, 14-24, 14-22, 14-20, 14-18, 14-16, 16-25, 16-24, 16- 22, 16-20, 16-18, 18-25, 18-24, 18-22, 18-20, 20-25, 20-24, 20-22, 22-25, 22-24, or 24-25. In particular, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise amino acid in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-10, 1-12, 4-16, or 6-14. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions are free, or substantially free, of one or more amino acids (e.g., any one of more of any single amino acid or any combination of amino acids, such amino acid(s) being chosen from those disclosed herein). In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions do not contain a detectable amount of an amino acid, as measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The “detectable amount” of amino acid can refer to one or more specific amino acids, or any amino acid whatsoever, and any such amino acids for measurement by HPLC can be selected from any of those specific amino acids disclosed elsewhere herein.

[0039] In some aspects, suitable amino acids for inclusion in dentifrice compositions include arginine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, lysine, pyrrolysine, aspartic acid, serine, threonine, asparagine, glutamine, cysteine, selenocysteine, proline, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, or any combination thereof. In particular, in some aspects, the amino acids for inclusion in dentifrice compositions include arginine, glutamic acid, glycine, or any combination thereof.

[0040] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise water in any suitable amount. As disclosed elsewhere herein, when certain amounts of water are present in the dentifrice composition, the bioactive glass that is present can release calcium ions. Such calcium ions can combine with any free fluoride ions that are present in the dentifrice composition, causing precipitation of solid (and substantially insoluble) CaF2, causing such calcium and fluoride ions to be unavailable for strengthening tooth enamel. Use of complex fluoride ion sources as disclosed herein, such as sodium monofluorophosphate, in water-based dentifrice compositions provide a free fluoride source that generally does not react with calcium ions, at least during time scales of shelf storage. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions herein comprise water in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of at least 20, at least 25, at least 30, at least 35, at least 40, at least 45, at least 50, at least 55, at least 60, at least 65, at least 70, at least 75, at least 80, at least 85, 90 or less, 85 or less, 80 or less, 75 or less, 70 or less, 65 or less, 60 or less, 55 or less, 50 or less, 45 or less, 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions herein comprise water in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 20-90, 20-85, 20-80, 20-75, 20-70, 20-65, 20-60, 20-55, 20-50, 20-45, 20- 40, 20-35, 20-30, 20-25, 25-90, 25-85, 25-80, 25-75, 25-70, 25-65, 25-60, 25-55, 25-50, 25-45, 25-40, 25-35, 25-30, 30-90, 30-85, 30-80, 30-75, 30-70, 30-65, 30-60, 30-55, 30-50, 30-45, 30-40, 30-35, 35-Attomey Docket No. SP24-230 PCT90, 35-85, 35-80, 35-75, 35-70, 35-65, 35-60, 35-55, 35-50, 35-45, 35-40, 40-90, 40-85, 40-80, 40-75, 40-70, 40-65, 40-60, 40-55, 40-50, 40-45, 45-90, 45-85, 45-80, 45-75, 45-70, 45-65, 45-60, 45-55, 45- 50, 50-90, 50-85, 50-80, 50-75, 50-70, 50-65, 50-60, 50-55, 55-90, 55-85, 55-80, 55-75, 55-70, 55-65, 55-60, 60-90, 60-85, 60-80, 60-75, 60-70, 60-65, 65-90, 65-85, 65-80, 65-75, 65-70, 70-90, 70-85, 70- 80, 70-75, 75-90, 75-85, 75-80, 80-90, 80-85, or 85-90. In particular, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions herein comprise water in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 20-90, 50-80, 55-75, or 55-90. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions are free, or substantially free, of water. It is explicitly contemplated that the amounts of water and the at least one humectant can be combined in any manner.

[0041] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise at least one humectant. In some aspects, a humectant in a dentifrice composition can help to retain moisture, prevent the product from drying out, maintain a smooth texture, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, inclusion of at least one humectant facilitates easy dispensing and a pleasant-to-use experience. In addition, at least one humectant in a dentifrice composition can also contribute to the overall oral hygiene experience: by helping to maintain a moist environment in the mouth during bmshing, it can aid in the effective distribution of the dentifrice composition, allowing the active ingredients to interact with the teeth and gums more effectively. In some aspects, the at least one humectant comprises at least one polyalcohol. In some aspects, the at least one polyalcohol comprises glycerol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, or nay combination thereof.

[0042] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise at least one humectant in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 1, at least 2, at least 5, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 25, at least 30, at least 35, at least 40, at least 45, at least 50, at least 55, at least 60, at least 65, at least 70, at least 75, at least 80, at least 85, 90 or less, 85 or less, 80 or less, 75 or less, 70 or less, 65 or less, 60 or less, 55 or less, 50 or less, 45 or less, 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 5 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise at least one humectant in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-90, 0-85, 0-80, 0-70, 0-60, 0-50, 0-40, 0-30, 0-20, 0-10, 0-5, 0-2, 0-1, >0-90, >0-85, >0-80, >0-70, >0-55, >0-45, >0-35, >0-30, >0-25, >0-15, >0-10, >0-5, >0-1, 1-90, 1-80, 1-75, 1-65, 1-50, 1-45, 1-35, 1-30, 1-25, 1-15, 1-10, 1-5, 1-2, 2-90, 2-80, 2-70, 2-50, 2-35, 2-25, 2-15, 2-10, 2-5, 5-90, 5-75, 5-60, 5-45, 5-30, 5-25, 5-15, 5-10, 10-90, 10-80, 10-70, 10-55, 10-45, 10-40, 10-30, 10-25, 10-15, 15-90, 15-80, 15-70, 15-60, 15-55, 15-45, 15-35, 15-20, 20-90, 20-80, 20-70, 20-60, 20-50, 20-40, 20-35, 20-25, 25- 90, 25-80, 25-70, 25-60, 25-50, 25-40, 25-35, 25-30, 30-90, 30-80, 30-70, 30-60, 30-50, 30-45, 30-40, 30-35, 35-90, 35-80, 35-75, 35-70, 35-65, 35-55, 35-45, 35-40, 40-90, 40-80, 40-70, 40-65, 40-60, 40- 55, 40-45, 45-90, 45-80, 45-70, 45-60, 45-50, 50-90, 50-85, 50-75, 50-65, 50-60, 50-55, 55-90, 55-75, 55-70, 55-65, 55-60, 60-90, 60-80, 60-70, 60-65, 65-90, 65-85, 65-80, 65-70, 70-90, 70-85, 70-80, 70-Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT75, 75-90, 75-85, 75-80, 80-90, 80-85, or 85-90. In particular, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise at least one humectant in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-50, >0-50, 10-40, or 20-45. In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions are free, or substantially free, of any one or more humectants (and the dentifrice compositions may be free, or substantially free, of any specific humectants disclosed herein). Any of the amounts disclosed herein for the “at least one humectant” can be specified to apply to any one humectant, or any combination of humectants, or all humectants. It is explicitly contemplated that the amounts of water and the at least one humectant can be combined in any manner.

[0043] In some aspects, the water amounts and the amounts of the at least one humectant, as disclosed elsewhere herein, can be combined in any manner. In some aspects, the amount of water and the at least one humectant can be expressed as a weight ratio of the water to the at least one humectant (or to any specific humectant disclosed herein). In some aspects, the weight ratio of water: humectant is at least 0.5: 1, at least 1: 1, at least 1.5:1, at least 2: 1, at least 2.5: 1, at least 3: 1, at least 3.5: 1, at least 4: 1, at least 4.5: 1, 5: 1 or less, 4.5:1 or less, 4:1 or less, 3.5: 1 or less, 3:1 or less, 2.5: 1 or less, 2: 1 or less, 1.5: 1 or less, 1: 1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the weight ratio of water: humectant is 0.5:l-5: 1, 0.5: 1-4.5: 1, 0.5: 1-4: 1, 0.5:1-3.5: 1, 0.5: 1-3: 1, 0.5: 1-2.5: 1, 0.5:l-2:l, 0.5:l-1.5: l, 0.5: 1-1:1, 1: 1-5: 1, 1: 1 -4.5:1, 1 : l-4: 1, 1:1-3.5: 1, 1:1-3: 1, 1: 1-2.5:1, 1: 1-2:1, 1: 1- 1.5:1, 1.5:1-5: 1, 1.5:1-4.5: 1, 1.5:1-4: 1, 1.5:1-3.5: 1, 1.5:1-3: 1, 1.5: 1-2.5: 1, 1.5: 1-2:1, 2:1-5: 1, 2: 1-4.5: 1, 2: 1-4: 1, 2: 1-3.5: 1, 2:1-3: 1, 2:l-2.5: 1, 2.5:1-5:1, 2.5:1-4.5:1, 2.5: 1-4: 1, 2.5: 1-3.5: 1, 2.5: 1-3: 1, 3:1-5: 1, 3: 1-4.5:1, 3: 1-4:1, 3:l-3.5: 1, 3.5: 1-5:1, 3.5:l-4.5: 1, 3.5:1-4: 1, 4: 1-5: 1, 4: 1-4.5: 1, or 4.5:l-5:l. In particular, in some aspects, the weight ratio of water: humectant is 1: 1-3:1, 1.5: 1-4.5:1, or 2: 1-4: 1. The humectant amount in this paragraph can be in reference to all humectants present or to one specific humectant (e.g., glycerol).

[0044] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise bioactive glass. Bioactive glasses are a group of glass and / or glass ceramic materials that have shown biocompatibility or bioactivity, which has allowed them to be incorporated into human or animal physiology. In some aspects, disclosed is a bioactive glass comprising SiCF. CaO, and P2O5. In some aspects, the bioactive glass further comprises ZrO and / or F". In some aspects, bioactive glasses disclosed herein form a bioactive crystalline phase when subjected to the simulated body fluid of Table 1 A or IB at 37 °C. In some aspects, the formation of the bioactive crystalline phase takes place within 10 days, within 9 days, within 8 days, within 7 days, within 6 days, within 5 days, within 4 days, within 3 days, within 2 days, or within 1 day of subjecting at 37 °C to the simulated body fluid of Table 1 A or IB or other aqueous compositions. In some aspects, the formation of the bioactive crystalline phase takes place within 7 days at 37 °C. In some aspects, the formation of the bioactive crystalline phase takes place within 1 day at 37 °C.Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0045] In some aspects, the simulated body fluid comprises phosphate, calcium, fluoride, sodium, potassium, magnesium, a buffer, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the aqueous composition and / or artificial saliva comprises potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, HEPES buffer, sodium azide, sodium hydroxide, a combination thereof, or any combination thereof, in some aspects, the simulated body fluid may include a salt solution comprising NaCl, NaHCCK KC1, K2HPO4, MgCh- 6H2O, CaCP. NaSO i. (HOCH2)3CNH2 in nano-pure water, with pH adjusted with acid, such as HO. In some aspects, the glass compositions herein form a bioactive crystalline phase when subjected to a simulated body fluid comprising one or more of potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, HEPES buffer, sodium azide, sodium hydroxide, NaCl, NaHCO,. NaSO i. (HOCH2)3CNH2 in nano-pure water, or any combination thereof. For example, the simulated body fluid may comprise phosphate, calcium, fluoride, sodium, potassium, magnesium, a buffer, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the simulated body fluid comprises the components set forth below in Table 1 A and IB. In some aspects, such compositions in Tables 1 A-1B are artificial saliva compositions.Table 1ATable IBAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0046] Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that one or more components of the simulated body fluid, which has chemical composition similarities to real saliva, facilitates formation of a bioactive crystalline phase and / or facilitates release of various ions from the bioactive glass as described elsewhere herein, such as silicon, silicate, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, or any combination thereof. For example, in some aspects, it is believed that one or more of phosphate, calcium, fluoride, sodium, potassium, magnesium, a buffer, or any combination thereof, but particularly the phosphate, calcium, fluoride, or a combination thereof, facilitates formation of a bioactive crystalline phase and / or release of ions. In this regard, in some aspects, the bioactive glass acts an ion source, and such ions are believed to play a beneficial role in oral care, and so forth, as described elsewhere herein.

[0047] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise a combination of SiCF. CaO, and P2O5. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses further comprise Z1O2. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses further comprise F". In some aspects, the bioactive glasses further also comprise MgO. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses further comprise Li2O, MbO. K2O, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the amount of Li2O+Na2O+K2O is 0-40 wt.%. In some aspects, the amount of Li2O+Na2O+K2O is less than or equal to 5 wt.%.

[0048] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SiCh, CaO, and P2O5. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SiO2, CaO, P2O5, Z1O2, and F". In some aspects, when subjected to an aqueous composition, such as artificial saliva, the bioactive glasses form a bioactive crystalline phase (e.g., within 7 days).

[0049] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SiO2 in an amount of 10-60 wt.%. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SiO2 in an amount of 20-55 wt.% or 15-55 wt.%. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise CaO in an amount of 10-60 wt.% or 20-55 wt.%. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise CaO in an amount of 20-60 wt.%. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise P2O5 in an amount of 1-30 wt.% or 5-30 wt.%. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Z1O2 in an amount of >0-15 wt.% (e.g., 0.1-15 wt.%). In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise F in an amount of 0-5 wt.% (e.g., >0-5 wt.%).

[0050] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise:10-60 wt.% SiO2,Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT>0-15 wt.% (e.g., 0.1-15 wt.%) ZrO2;10-60 wt.% CaO, and>0-30 wt.% (e.g., 1-30 wt.%) P2O5, based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

[0051] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise:15-55 wt.% SiO2,>0-15 wt.% (e.g., 0.1-15 wt.%) ZrO2;20-60 wt.% CaO, and5-30 wt.% P2O5, based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

[0052] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise:25-35 wt.% SiO2,>0-15 wt.% (e.g., 0.1-15 wt.%) ZrO2;35-50 wt.% CaO, and15-25 wt.% P2O5, based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

[0053] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise:10-60 wt.% SiO2,>0-15 wt.% (e.g., 0.1-15 wt.%, or 3-12 wt.%) ZrO2;10-60 wt.% CaO,>0-30 wt.% (e.g., 1-30 wt.%) P2O5,0-25 wt.% MgO;0-5 wt.% F";0-40 wt.% Na2O+K2O+Li2O;0-5 wt.% APO;,:0-5 wt.% B2O2;0-10 wt.% SrO; and0-10 wt.% ZnO; based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

[0054] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise:10-60 wt.% SiO2,>0-15 wt.% (e.g., 0.1-15 wt.%, or 3-12 wt.%) ZrO2;10-60 wt.% CaO,>0-30 wt.% (e.g., 1-30 wt.%) P2O5,0-25 wt.% MgO;0-5 wt.% F";Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT0-40 wt.% Na2O+K2O+Li2O;0-5 wt.% ATO;,:0-5 wt.% B2O2;0-10 wt.% SrO;0-10 wt.% ZnO; or any combination thereof, based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

[0055] The bioactivity is influenced by the composition of the glass. In some aspects, the bioactive glass releases ions, such as calcium and phosphate ions, that are beneficial to the enamel of teeth, such as through remineralizing minerals in the teeth, such as apatite, hydroxyapatite, and so forth.

[0056] Silicon dioxide (SiO2) may serve as the primary glass-forming oxide component of the bioactive glasses disclosed herein. SiO2may be included to provide high temperature stability and chemical durability. However, if too much SiO2is included, such as a glass containing pure SiO2, the melting temperature is too high to be readily workable (e.g., greater than 200 poise temperature). In addition, bioactive glasses including too much SiO2may suffer from decreased bioactivity.

[0057] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SiO2in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 25, at least 30, at least 35, at least 40, at least 45, at least 50, at least 55, 60 or less, 55 or less, 50 or less, 45 or less, 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SiO2in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 10-60, 10-55, 10-50, 10-45, 10-40, 10-35, 10-30, 10-25, 10-20, 10-15, 15-60, 15- 55, 15-50, 15-45, 15-40, 15-35, 15-30, 15-25, 15-20, 20-60, 20-55, 20-50, 20-45, 20-40, 20-35, 20-30, 20-25, 25-60, 25-55, 25-50, 25-45, 25-40, 25-35, 25-30, 30-60, 30-55, 30-50, 30-45, 30-40, 30-35, 35- 60, 35-55, 35-50, 35-45, 35-40, 40-60, 40-55, 40-50, 40-45, 45-60, 45-55, 45-50, 50-60, 50-55, or 55- 60. In particular, in some aspects the bioactive glasses comprise SiO2in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 10-60, 15-55, 2040, or 25-35.

[0058] Phosphorus pentoxide (P2Os) may serve as a network former in bioactive glasses. Furthermore, the liberation of phosphate ions to the surface of bioactive glasses contributes to the formation of apatite. Apatite is an inorganic mineral in bone and teeth, and formation of apatite in a simulated body fluid is one criterion for a material to be bioactive, according to ASTM F1538-03 (2017), hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. The inclusion of phosphate ions in the bioactive glass increases apatite formation rate and the binding capacity of the hard tissues (e.g., bone, tooth, etc.). In addition, P2Os can increase the viscosity of the glass, which in turn expands the range of operating temperatures, and is therefore an advantage to the manufacture and formation of the glass.Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0059] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise P2O5 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 8, at least 10, at least 12, at least 14, at least 15, at least 16, at least 18, at least 20, at least 22, at least 24, at least 25, at least 26, at least 28, 30 or less, 28 or less, 26 or less, 25 or less, 24 or less, 22 or less, 20 or less, 18 or less, 16 or less, 15 or less, 14 or less, 12 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise P2O5 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-30, 0-28, 0-26, 0-24, 0-22, 0-20, 0-18, 0-16, 0-14, 0-12, 0-10, 0-8, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-1, >0-30, >0-28, >0-26, >0-24, >0-22, >0-20, >0-18, >0-16, >0-14, >0-12, >0-10, >0-8, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, 1-30, 1-28, 1-26, 1-24, 1-22, 1-20, 1-18, 1-16, 1-14, 1-12, 1-10, 1- 8, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-30, 2-28, 2-26, 2-24, 2-22, 2-20, 2-18, 2-16, 2-14, 2-12, 2-10, 2-8, 2-6, 2- 5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-30, 3-28, 3-26, 3-25, 3-24, 3-22, 3-20, 3-18, 3-16, 3-15, 3-14, 3-12, 3-10, 3-8, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-30, 4-28, 4-26, 4-25, 4-24, 4-22, 4-20, 4-18, 4-16, 4-15, 4-14, 4-12, 4-10, 4-8, 4-6, 4-5, 5-30, 5- 28, 5-26, 5-25, 5-24, 5-22, 5-20, 5-18, 5-16, 5-15, 5-14, 5-12, 5-10, 5-8, 5-6, 6-30, 6-28, 6-26, 6-25, 6-24, 6-22, 6-20, 6-18, 6-16, 6-15, 6-14, 6-12, 6-10, 6-8, 8-30, 8-28, 8-26, 8-25, 8-24, 8-22, 8-20, 8-18, 8-16, 8-15, 8-14, 8-12, 8-10, 10-30, 10-28, 10-26, 10-25, 10-24, 10-22, 10-20, 10-18, 10-16, 10-15, 10-14, 10-12, 12-30, 12-28, 12-26, 12-25, 12-24, 12-22, 12-20, 12-18, 12-16, 12-15, 12-14, 14-30, 14- 28, 14-26, 14-25, 14-24, 14-22, 14-20, 14-18, 14-16, 14-15, 15-30, 15-28, 15-26, 15-25, 15-24, 15-22, 15-20, 15-18, 15-16, 16-30, 16-28, 16-26, 16-25, 16-24, 16-22, 16-20, 16-18, 18-30, 18-28, 18-26, 18-25, 18-24, 18-22, 18-20, 20-30, 20-28, 20-26, 20-25, 20-24, 20-22, 22-30, 22-28, 22-26, 22-25, 22-24, 24-30, 24-28, 24-26, 24-25, 25-30, 25-28, 25-26, 26-30, 26-28, or 28-30. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise P2O5 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of >0-30, 1-30, 10-30, or 15-25. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of P2O5.

[0060] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise zirconium dioxide (ZrCF). which serves to function as a network former or intermediate, as well as a key oxide for improving glass thermal stability by significantly reducing glass devitrification during forming and lowering liquidus temperature. In aspects, ZrCF may play a similar role as alumina (AI2O3) in the composition.

[0061] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise ZrO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 8, at least 10, at least 12, at least 14, at least 16, at least 18, at least 20, at least 22, at least 24, at least 26, at least 28, 30 or less, 28 or less, 26 or less, 24 or less, 22 or less, 20 or less, 18 or less, 16 or less, 14 or less, 12 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 22 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise ZrCh in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-30, 0-28, 0-26, 0-24, 0-22, 0-20, 0-18, 0-16, 0-14, 0-12, 0-10, 0-8, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4,Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT0-3, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-30, >0-28, >0-26, >0-24, >0-22, >0-20, >0-18, >0-16, >0-14, >0-12, >0-10, >0-8, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-30, 0.1-28, 0.1-26, 0.1-24, 0.1- 22, 0.1-20, 0.1-18, 0.1-16, 0.1-14, 0.1-12, 0.1-10, 0.1-8, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1- 0.5, 0.5-30, 0.5-28, 0.5-26, 0.5-24, 0.5-22, 0.5-20, 0.5-18, 0.5-16, 0.5-14, 0.5-12, 0.5-10, 0.5-8, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 1-30, 1-28, 1-26, 1-24, 1-22, 1-20, 1-18, 1-16, 1-14, 1-12, 1-10, 1-8,1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-30, 2-28, 2-26, 2-24, 2-22, 2-20, 2-18, 2-16, 2-14, 2-12, 2-10, 2-8, 2-6, 2-5,2-4, 2-3, 3-30, 3-28, 3-26, 3-24, 3-22, 3-20, 3-18, 3-16, 3-14, 3-12, 3-10, 3-8, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-30, 4- 28, 4-26, 4-24, 4-22, 4-20, 4-18, 4-16, 4-14, 4-12, 4-10, 4-8, 4-6, 4-5, 5-30, 5-28, 5-26, 5-24, 5-22, 5- 20, 5-18, 5-16, 5-14, 5-12, 5-10, 5-8, 5-6, 6-30, 6-28, 6-26, 6-24, 6-22, 6-20, 6-18, 6-16, 6-14, 6-12, 6- 10, 6-8, 8-30, 8-28, 8-26, 8-24, 8-22, 8-20, 8-18, 8-16, 8-14, 8-12, 8-10, 10-30, 10-28, 10-26, 10-24, 10-22, 10-20, 10-18, 10-16, 10-14, 10-12, 12-30, 12-28, 12-26, 12-24, 12-22, 12-20, 12-18, 12-16, 12-14, 14-30, 14-28, 14-26, 14-24, 14-22, 14-20, 14-18, 14-16, 16-30, 16-28, 16-26, 16-24, 16-22, 16-20, 16-18, 18-30, 18-28, 18-26, 18-24, 18-22, 18-20, 20-30, 20-28, 20-26, 20-24, 20-22, 22-30, 22-28, 22- 26, 22-24, 24-30, 24-28, 24-26, 26-30, 26-28, or 28-30. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise ZrO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of >0-15, 0. 1-15, or 3-12. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of ZrCh.

[0062] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise fluoride (F“), which can form bioactive crystalline phases, such as hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite, carbonated apatite, brushite, or any combination thereof in certain aqueous environments such as in a simulated body fluid such as artificial saliva (or real body fluid, such as real saliva). In some aspects, at least some of these bioactive crystalline phases are resistant to acid corrosion, such as fluorapatite. F can combine with CaO and P2O5 to form fluorapatite to improve the bioactivity of the bioactive glasses. In some aspects, formation of apatite facilitates high bioactivity of the compositions disclosed herein. In some aspects, the F in the bioactive glasses is derived from calcium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, stannous fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate, sodium difluorophosphate, or any combination thereof (e.g., in some aspects any of such compounds may be batched with other ingredients and melted to form the bioactive glasses).

[0063] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise F in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 1.5, at least 2, at least2.5, at least 3, at least 3.5, at least 4, at least 4.5, 5 or less, 4.5 or less, 4 or less, 3.5 or less, 3 or less, 2.5 or less, 2 or less, 1.5 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise F in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-5, 0-4.5, 0-4, 0-3.5, 0-3, 0-2.5, 0-2, 0-1.5, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-5, >0-4.5, >0-4, >0-3.5, >0-3, >0-2.5, >0-2, >0-1.5, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-5, 0.1-4.5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3.5, 0.1-3, 0.1-2.5, 0.1-2, 0.1-1.5, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-5, 0.54.5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3.5, 0.5-3, 0.5-2.5, 0.5-2, 0.5-1.5, 0.5-1, 1-5, 1-4.5, 1-4, 1-3.5, 1-3, 1-2.5, 1-2, 1-1.5, 1.5-5, 1.5-4.5, 1.5-4, 1.5-3.5, 1.5-3, 1.5-2.5,Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT1.5-2, 2-5, 2-4.5, 2-4, 2-3.5, 2-3, 2-2.5, 2.5-5, 2.5-4.5, 2.5-4, 2.5-3.5, 2.5-3, 3-5, 3-4.5, 3-4, 3-3.5, 3.5- 5, 3.5-4.5, 3.5-4, 4-5, 4-4.5, or 4.5-5. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise F in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-5, >0-5, >0-1, or 0. 1-1.5. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of F".

[0064] Divalent cation oxides (such as alkaline earth oxides and ZnO) improve the melting behavior, chemical durability, and bioactivity of the glass. In addition, alkaline earth oxides may improve other desirable properties in the materials, including influencing the Young’s modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion In examples, the bioactive glasses comprise MO, wherein MO is the sum of MgO, CaO, SrO, BeO, and BaO in wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise MO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 25, at least 30, at least 35, at least 40, at least 45, at least 50, at least 55, at least 60, at least 65, 70 or less, 65 or less, 60 or less, 55 or less, 50 or less, 45 or less, 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise MO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 10-70, 10-65, 10-60, 10-55, 10-50, 10-45, 10- 40, 10-35, 10-30, 10-25, 10-20, 10-15, 15-70, 15-65, 15-60, 15-55, 15-50, 15-45, 15-40, 15-35, 15-30, 15-25, 15-20, 20-70, 20-65, 20-60, 20-55, 20-50, 20-45, 20-40, 20-35, 20-30, 20-25, 25-70, 25-65, 25- 60, 25-55, 25-50, 25-45, 25-40, 25-35, 25-30, 30-70, 30-65, 30-60, 30-55, 30-50, 30-45, 30-40, 30-35, 35-70, 35-65, 35-60, 35-55, 35-50, 35-45, 35-40, 40-70, 40-65, 40-60, 40-55, 40-50, 40-45, 45-70, 45- 65, 45-60, 45-55, 45-50, 50-70, 50-65, 50-60, 50-55, 55-70, 55-65, 55-60, 60-70, 60-65, or 65-70. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise MO in an amount (wt.%) of 10-55, 15-50, 45-70, or 40-55. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of MO.

[0065] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise CaO. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise CaO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 25, at least 30, at least 35, at least 40, at least 45, at least 50, at least 55, 60 or less, 55 or less, 50 or less, 45 or less, 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise CaO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 10-60, 10-55, 10-50, 10-45, 10-40, 10-35, 10-30, 10-25, 10-20, 10-15, 15-60, 15-55, 15-50, 15-45, 15-40, 15-35, 15-30, 15-25, 15- 20, 20-60, 20-55, 20-50, 20-45, 20-40, 20-35, 20-30, 20-25, 25-60, 25-55, 25-50, 25-45, 25-40, 25-35, 25-30, 30-60, 30-55, 30-50, 30-45, 30-40, 30-35, 35-60, 35-55, 35-50, 35-45, 35-40, 40-60, 40-55, 40- 50, 40-45, 45-60, 45-55, 45-50, 50-60, 50-55, or 55-60. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise CaO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 10-60, 35- 50, or 30-55. In some aspects, the bioactive glass is free, or substantially free, of CaO.

[0066] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise MgO. In some aspects, the inclusion of MgO can improve liquidus of the precursor glass to avoid devitrification during forming. In someAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise MgO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0. 1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise MgO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-25, 0- 20, 0-15, 0-10, 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-25, >0-20, >0-15, >0-10, X)- 9, >0-8, >0-7, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-25, 0.1-20, 0.1-15, 0.1-10, 0.1- 9, 0.1-8, 0.1-7, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-25, 0.5-20, 0.5-15, 0.5-10, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 1-25, 1-20, 1-15, 1-10, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-25, 2-20, 2-15, 2-10, 2-9, 2-8, 2-7, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-25, 3-20, 3-15, 3-10, 3-9, 3-8, 3-7,3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-25, 4-20, 4-15, 4-10, 4-9, 4-8, 4-7, 4-6, 4-5, 5-25, 5-20, 5-15, 5-10, 5-9, 5-8, 5-7, 5-6, 6-25, 6-20, 6-15, 6-10, 6-9, 6-8, 6-7, 7-25, 7-20, 7-15, 7-10, 7-9, 7-8, 8-25, 8-20, 8-15, 8-10, 8-9, 9- 25, 9-20, 9-15, 9-10, 10-25, 10-20, 10-15, 15-25, 15-20, or 20-25. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise MgO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-25, >0-25, >0-8, or 0.5-6.

[0067] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SrO. In some aspects, the inclusion of SrO can improve liquidus of the precursor glass to avoid devitrification during forming. Moreover, in some aspects, SrO may also enter the structure of apatite to improve bioactivity. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SrO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, 10 or less, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SrO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-10, 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-10, >0-9, >0-8, >0-7, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-10, 0.1-9, 0.1-8, 0.1-7, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-10, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 1-10, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1- 6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-10, 2-9, 2-8, 2-7, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-10, 3-9, 3-8, 3-7, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-10, 4-9,4-8, 4-7, 4-6, 4-5, 5-10, 5-9, 5-8, 5-7, 5-6, 6-10, 6-9, 6-8, 6-7, 7-10, 7-9, 7-8, 8-10, 8-9, or 9-10. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise SrO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-10, >0-10, >0-5, or 0.1-6. In some aspects, the bioactive glass is free, or substantially free, of SrO.

[0068] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise ZnO. In some aspects, the inclusion of ZnO can improve liquidus of the precursor glass to avoid devitrification during forming. Moreover, in some aspects, ZnO may also enter the structure of apatite to improve bioactivity. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise ZnO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) ofAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, 10 or less, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise ZnO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-10, 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-10, >0-9, >0-8, >0-7, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-10, 0.1-9, 0.1-8, 0.1-7, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-10, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 1-10, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1- 6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-10, 2-9, 2-8, 2-7, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-10, 3-9, 3-8, 3-7, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-10, 4-9, 4-8, 4-7, 4-6, 4-5, 5-10, 5-9, 5-8, 5-7, 5-6, 6-10, 6-9, 6-8, 6-7, 7-10, 7-9, 7-8, 8-10, 8-9, or 9-10. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise ZnO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-10, >0-10, >0-6, 0.1-5, or O.5-4. In some aspects, the bioactive glass is free, or substantially free, of ZnO.

[0069] In some aspects, CaO is found to be able to react with P2O5 to form apatite when immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF), such as artificial saliva, or in vivo or in real saliva. The release of Ca2+ions from the surface of the glass contributes to the formation of a layer rich in calcium phosphate. When calcium in the bioactive glasses is used in conjunction with a complex fluoride ion source (e.g., ISfeFPCh) in the dentifrice compositions, as disclosed elsewhere herein, the calcium ions and fluoride ions (in the form of FPO3) remain more free in the composition, rather than reacting for form relatively insoluble CaF2. Thus, the combination of P2O5 and CaO may provide advantageous compositions for bioactive glasses, especially when used in conjunction with a complex fluoride ion source (e.g., IS^FPOs) in the dentifrice compositions.

[0070] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise a sum of P2Os+CaO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 25, at least 30, at least 35, at least 40, at least 45, at least 50, at least 55, at least 60, at least 65, at least 70, at least 75, at least 80, at least 85, 90 or less, 85 or less, 80 or less, 75 or less, 70 or less, 65 or less, 60 or less, 55 or less, 50 or less, 45 or less, 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, or any rage formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise a sum of P2Os+CaO in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 10-90, 10-85, 10-80, 10-75, 10-70, 10-60, 10-50, 10-40, 10-35, 10-30, 10-20, 10-15, 15-90, 15-80, 15-70, 15-65, 15-55, 15- 40, 15-35, 15-25, 15-20, 20-90, 20-80, 20-65, 20-55, 20-50, 20-35, 20-30, 20-25, 25-90, 25-85, 25-75, 25-65, 25-60, 25-55, 25-45, 25-40, 25-30, 30-90, 30-80, 30-70, 30-65, 30-55, 30-50, 30-45, 30-35, 35- 90, 35-80, 35-70, 35-60, 35-55, 35-45, 35-40, 40-90, 40-85, 40-80, 40-70, 40-60, 40-55, 40-45, 45-90, 45-80, 45-70, 45-60, 45-50, 50-90, 50-85, 50-80, 50-70, 50-60, 50-55, 55-90, 55-80, 55-70, 55-65, 55- 60, 60-90, 60-80, 60-75, 60-70, 60-65, 65-90, 65-80, 65-70, 70-90, 70-80, 70-75, 75-90, 75-85, 75-80, 80-90, 80-85, or 85-90. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise a sum ofAttomey Docket No. SP24-230 PCTP20s+Ca0 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 10-90, 40-70, 50-75, or 35-50.

[0071] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise B2O3. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise B2O3 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0.05, at least 0. 1, at least 0.2, at least 0.3, at least 0.4, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 1.5, at least 2, at least 2.5, at least 3, at least 3.5, at least 4, at least 4.5, 5 or less, 4.5 or less, 4 or less, 3.5 or less, 3 or less, 2.5 or less, 2 or less, 1.5 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.4 or less, 0.3 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise B2O3 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-5, 0-4.5, 0-4, 0-3.5, 0-3, 0-2.5, 0-2, 0-1.5, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.4, 0-0.3, 0-0.2, 0-0.1, 0-0.05, >0-5, >0-4.5, >0-4, >0-3.5, >0-3, >0-2.5, >0-2, >0-1.5, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.4, >0-0.3, >0-0.2, >0-0.1, >0-0.05, 0.05-5, 0.05-4.5, 0.05-4, 0.05-3.5, 0.05-3, 0.05-2.5, 0.05-2, 0.05-1.5, 0.05-1, 0.05-0.5, 0.05-0.4, 0.05-0.3, 0.05-0.2, 0.05-0.1, 0.1-5, 0.1-4.5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3.5, 0.1-3, 0.1-2.5, 0.1-2, 0.1-1.5, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.1-0.4, 0.1-0.3, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-5, 0.2-4.5, 0.2-4, 0.2-3.5, 0.2-3, 0.2-2.5, 0.2-2, 0.2-1.5, 0.2-1, 0.2-0.5, 0.2-0.4, 0.2-0.3, 0.3-5, 0.3-4.5, 0.3-4, 0.3-3.5, 0.3-3, 0.3-2.5, 0.3-2, 0.3-1.5, 0.3-1, 0.3-0.5, 0.3-0.4, 0.4-5, 0.4-4.5, 0.4-4, 0.4-3.5, 0.4-3, 0.4-2.5, 0.4-2, 0.4-1.5, 0.4-1, 0.4-0.5, 0.5-5, 0.54.5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3.5, 0.5-3, 0.5-2.5, 0.5-2, 0.5-1.5, 0.5-1, 1-5, 1-4.5, 1-4, 1-3.5, 1-3, 1-2.5, 1-2, 1-1.5, 1.5-5, 1.5-4.5, 1.5-4, 1.5-3.5, 1.5-3, 1.5-2.5, 1.5-2, 2-5, 2-4.5, 2-4, 2-3.5, 2-3, 2-2.5, 2.5-5, 2.54.5, 2.5-4, 2.5-3.5, 2.5-3, 3-5, 3-4.5, 3-4, 3-3.5, 3.5- 5, 3.54.5, 3.5-4, 4-5, 4-4.5, or 4.5-5. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise B2O3 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-5, >0-5, 0.1-1, or 0.2-2. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of B2O3.

[0072] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses can comprise AI2O3. In some aspects, AI2O3 may influence (e.g., stabilize) the network structure of the glass, improve mechanical properties, improve chemical durability, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, AI2O3 may lower liquidus temperature, lower coefficient of thermal expansion, enhance the strain point, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, in addition to its role as a network former, AI2O3 (and ZrCF) may help improve the chemical durability and mechanical properties in silicate glass while having no toxicity concerns. In some aspects, too high a content of AI2O3 and / or ZrCF (e.g., >20 wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) generally increases the viscosity of the melt and decreases bioactivity.

[0073] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise AI2O3 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0.05, at least 0.1, at least 0.2, at least 0.3, at least 0.4, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 1.5, at least 2, at least 2.5, at least 3, at least 3.5, at least 4, at least 4.5, 5 or less, 4.5 or less, 4 or less, 3.5 or less, 3 or less, 2.5 or less, 2 or less, 1.5 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.4 or less, 0.3 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise AI2O3 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-5, 0-4.5, 0-4, 0-3.5, 0-3, 0-2.5, 0-2, 0-1.5, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.4, 0-0.3, 0-0.2, 0-0.1, 0-Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT0.05, >0-5, >0-4.5, >0-4, >0-3.5, >0-3, >0-2.5, >0-2, >0-1.5, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.4, >0-0.3, >0-0.2, >0- 0.1, >0-0.05, 0.05-5, 0.05-4.5, 0.05-4, 0.05-3.5, 0.05-3, 0.05-2.5, 0.05-2, 0.05-1.5, 0.05-1, 0.05-0.5, 0.05-0.4, 0.05-0.3, 0.05-0.2, 0.05-0.1, 0.1-5, 0.1-4.5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3.5, 0.1-3, 0.1-2.5, 0.1-2, 0.1-1.5, 0.1- 1, 0.1-0.5, 0.1-0.4, 0.1-0.3, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-5, 0.2-4.5, 0.2-4, 0.2-3.5, 0.2-3, 0.2-2.5, 0.2-2, 0.2-1.5, 0.2-1, 0.2-0.5, 0.2-0.4, 0.2-0.3, 0.3-5, 0.3-4.5, 0.3-4, 0.3-3.5, 0.3-3, 0.3-2.5, 0.3-2, 0.3-1.5, 0.3-1, 0.3-0.5, 0.3-0.4, 0.4-5, 0.4-4.5, 0.4-4, 0.4-3.5, 0.4-3, 0.4-2.5, 0.4-2, 0.4-1.5, 0.4-1, 0.4-0.5, 0.5-5, 0.5-4.5, 0.5- 4, 0.5-3.5, 0.5-3, 0.5-2.5, 0.5-2, 0.5-1.5, 0.5-1, 1-5, 1-4.5, 1-4, 1-3.5, 1-3, 1-2.5, 1-2, 1-1.5, 1.5-5, 1.5- 4.5, 1.5-4, 1.5-3.5, 1.5-3, 1.5-2.5, 1.5-2, 2-5, 2-4.5, 2-4, 2-3.5, 2-3, 2-2.5, 2.5-5, 2.5-4.5, 2.5-4, 2.5-3.5, 2.5-3, 3-5, 3-4.5, 3-4, 3-3.5, 3.5-5, 3.5-4.5, 3.5-4, 4-5, 4-4.5, or 4.5-5. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise AI2O3 in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-5, >0-5, 0.1-1.5, or 0.05-3. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of AI2O3.

[0074] In some aspects, alkali oxides (Na2O, K2O, Li2O, Rb2O, or CS2O) serve as aids in achieving low melting temperature and low liquidus temperatures, which can aid glass melting processes. In addition, in some aspects, the addition of alkali oxides can improve bioactivity. However, in some aspects, if the amount of alkali oxides is too high, the bioactive glasses have reduced chemical durability; in other words, in some aspects, keeping the amount of alkali oxides to a certain lower range achieves high chemical durability of the bioactive glasses.

[0075] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise the sum Li2O+ Na2O+ K2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 1, at least 2, at least 4, at least 6, at least 8, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 25, at least 30, at least 35, 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, 6 or less, 4 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise the sum Li2O+ Na2O+ K2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-40, 0-35, 0- 30, 0-25, 0-20, 0-15, 0-10, 0-8, 0-6, 0-4, 0-2, 0-1, >0-40, >0-35, >0-30, >0-25, >0-20, >0-15, >0-10, >0-8, >0-6, >0-4, >0-2, >0-1, 1-40, 1-35, 1-30, 1-25, 1-20, 1-15, 1-10, 1-8, 1-6, 1-4, 1-2, 2-40, 2-35, 2-30, 2-25, 2-20, 2-15, 2-10, 2-8, 2-6, 2-4, 4-40, 4-35, 4-30, 4-25, 4-20, 4-15, 4-10, 4-8, 4-6, 6-40, 6- 35, 6-30, 6-25, 6-20, 6-15, 6-10, 6-8, 8-40, 8-35, 8-30, 8-25, 8-20, 8-15, 8-10, 10-40, 10-35, 10-30, 10-25, 10-20, 10-15, 15-40, 15-35, 15-30, 15-25, 15-20, 20-40, 20-35, 20-30, 20-25, 25-40, 25-35, 25- 30, 30-40, 30-35, or 35-40. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise the sum Li2O+ Na2O+ K2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-40, >0-40, 0-10, >0-10, 0-5, or >0-5. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of Li2O+ Na2O+ K2O.

[0076] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Li2O. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Li2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8,Attomey Docket No. SP24-230 PCT at least 9, at least 10, 15 or less, 10 or less, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Li2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-15, 0-10, 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-15, >0-10, >0-9, >0-8, >0-7, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-15, 0.1-10, 0.1-9, 0.1-8, 0.1- 7, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-15, 0.5-10, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 1-15, 1-10, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-15, 2-10, 2-9, 2-8, 2-7, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-15, 3-10, 3-9, 3-8, 3-7, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-15, 4-10, 4-9, 4-8, 4-7, 4-6, 4-5, 5-15, 5-10, 5-9, 5-8, 5-7, 5-6, 6-15, 6-10, 6-9, 6-8, 6-7, 7-15, 7-10, 7-9, 7-8, 8-15, 8-10, 8-9, 9-15, 9-10, or 10-15. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Li2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-15, >0-15, 0-10, >0-10, 0-5, or >0-5. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of Li2O.

[0077] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Na2O. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Na2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, 15 or less, 10 or less, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Na2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-15, 0-10, 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-15, >0-10, >0-9, >0-8, >0-7, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-15, 0.1-10, 0.1-9, 0.1-8, 0.1- 7, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-15, 0.5-10, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 1-15, 1-10, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-15, 2-10, 2-9, 2-8, 2-7, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-15, 3-10, 3-9, 3-8, 3-7, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-15, 4-10, 4-9, 4-8, 4-7, 4-6, 4-5, 5-15, 5-10, 5-9, 5-8, 5-7, 5-6, 6-15, 6-10, 6-9, 6-8, 6-7, 7-15, 7-10, 7-9, 7-8, 8-15, 8-10, 8-9, 9-15, 9-10, or 10-15. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise Na2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-15, >0-15, 0-10, >0-10, 0-5, or >0-5. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of Na2O.

[0078] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise K2O. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise K2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, 15 or less, 10 or less, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise K2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-15, 0-10, 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, 0-6, 0-5, 0-4, 0-3, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-15, >0-10, >0-9, >0-8, >0-7, >0-6, >0-5, >0-4, >0-3, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-15, 0.1-10, 0.1-9, 0.1-8, 0.1- 7, 0.1-6, 0.1-5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-15, 0.5-10, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.5-1, 1-15, 1-10, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, 1-2, 2-15, 2-10, 2-9, 2-8, 2-7, 2-6, 2-5, 2-4, 2-3, 3-15, 3-10, 3-9, 3-8, 3-7, 3-6, 3-5, 3-4, 4-15, 4-10, 4-9, 4-8, 4-7, 4-6, 4-5, 5-15, 5-10, 5-9, 5-8, 5-7, 5-6, 6-15, 6-10, 6-9, 6-8, 6-7, 7-15, 7-10, 7-9, 7-8, 8-15, 8-10, 8-9, 9-15, 9-10, or 10-15. In particular, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses comprise K2O in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the bioactive glass) of 0-15, >0-15, 0-10, >0-10, 0-5, or >0-5. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are free, or substantially free, of K2O.

[0079] In some aspects, additional components can be incorporated into the bioactive glasses to provide additional benefits or may be incorporated as contaminants typically found in commercially- prepared glass. For example, additional components can be added as coloring or fining agents (e.g., to facilitate removal of gaseous inclusions from melted batch materials used to produce the bioactive glasses) and / or for other purposes. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses may comprise one or more compounds useful as ultraviolet radiation absorbers. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses can comprise 3 wt.% or less ZnO, TiO2, CeO, MnO, Nb2Os. MoOs, Ta2Os, WO3, SnO2, Fe2O3, As2C>3, Sb2C>3, Cl, Br, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses can comprise from 0 to 3 wt.%, 0 to 2 wt.%, 0 to 1 wt.%, 0 to 0.5 wt.%, 0 to 0.1 wt.%, 0 to 0.05 wt.%, or O to 0.01 wt.% ZnO, TiO2, CeO, MnO, Nb2Os, MoOs, Ta2Os, WO3, SnO2, Fe2O3, As2O3, Sb2O3, Cl, Br, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the bioactive glasses can also include various contaminants associated with batch materials and / or introduced into the glass by the melting, fining, and / or forming equipment used to produce the glass. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glasses can comprise from 0 to 3 wt.%, 0 to 2 wt.%, 0 to 1 wt.%, 0 to 0.5 wt.%, 0 to 0.1 wt.%, 0 to 0.05 wt.%, or 0 to 0.01 wt.% SnO2, CeO2, Fe2O3, or any combination thereof.

[0080] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses herein are free, or substantially free, of a crystalline phase. For example, in some aspects, the bioactive glass has a glassy phase and no crystalline phase. In some aspects, the bioactive glass is a glass (e.g., a glass article). In some aspects, the bioactive glass contains a crystalline phase. In some aspects, the bioactive glass is a glass-ceramic (e.g., containing both a glassy phase and a crystalline phase).

[0081] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses are in a form of particulates, microbeads, fibers, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the particulates are a fine powder. Methods for preparing particulates, microbeads, and / or fibers from bioactive glasses is known in the art. In some aspects, the particulates, microbeads, and / or fibers have an average particle size of at least 1 micron. In some aspects, the particulates and / or microbeads have an average particle size of 50 microns or less. In some aspects, the particulates and / or microbeads have an average particle size (microns) of 1-50, 1- 45, 1-40, 1-35, 1-30, 1-25, 1-20, 1-15, 1-10, 1-5, 5-50, 5-45, 5-40, 5-35, 5-30, 5-25, 5-20, 5-15, 5-10, 10-50, 10-45, 10-40, 10-35, 10-30, 10-25, 10-20, 10-15, 15-50, 15-45, 15-40, 15-35, 15-30, 15-25, 15- 20, 20-50, 20-45, 20-40, 20-35, 20-30, 20-25, 25-50, 25-45, 25-40, 25-35, 25-30, 30-50, 30-45, 30-40,Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT30-35, 35-50, 35-45, 35-40, 40-50, 40-45, or 45-50. Average particle size, as used herein, means the average size as measured by dynamic light scattering using commercially available equipment.

[0082] In some aspects, the bioactive glasses can be made via traditional methods. For example, in some aspects, glasses can be formed by thoroughly mixing the requisite batch materials (for example, using a Turbula® mixer) in order to secure a homogeneous melt, and subsequently placing into silica and / or platinum crucibles. The crucibles can be placed into a furnace and the glass batch melted and maintained at temperatures ranging from 1100°C to 1400°C for times ranging from 6 hours to 24 hours. The melts can thereafter be poured into steel molds to yield glass slabs. Subsequently, those slabs optionally can be transferred immediately to an annealer operating at 400°C to 700°C, where the glass is held at temperature for 0.5 hour to 3 hours and subsequently cooled overnight. In another non-limiting example, precursor glasses are prepared by dry blending the appropriate oxides and mineral sources for a time sufficient to thoroughly mix the ingredients. The glasses are melted in platinum crucibles at temperatures ranging from 1100°C to 1400°C and held at temperature for 6 hours to 16 hours. The resulting glass melts are then poured onto a steel table to cool. The glasses optionally are then annealed at appropriate temperatures.

[0083] In some aspects, the resulting bioactive glasses can be ground into fine particles having an average particle size in the range of 1-10 microns by air jet milling. The particle size can be varied in the range of 1-100 microns using attrition milling or ball milling of glass frits. Furthermore, these glasses can be processed into short fibers, beads, sheets or three-dimensional scaffolds using different methods. Short fibers are made by melt spinning or electric spinning; beads can be produced by flowing glass particles through a hot vertical furnace or a flame torch; sheets can be manufactured using thin rolling, float or fusion-draw processes; and scaffolds can be produced using rapid prototyping, polymer foam replication and particle sintering. Glasses of desired forms can be used to support cell growth, soft and hard tissue regeneration, stimulation of gene expression or angiogenesis.

[0084] Continuous fibers can be easily drawn from the disclosed composition using processes known in the art. For example, fibers can be formed using a directly heated (electricity passing directly through) platinum bushing. Glass cullet is loaded into the bushing, heated up until the glass melts. Temperatures are set to achieve a desired glass viscosity (usually <1000 poise) allowing a drip to form on the orifice in the bushing (bushing size is selected to create a restriction that influences fiber diameter ranges). The drip may be pulled by hand to begin forming a fiber. Once a fiber is established it is connected to a rotating pulling / collection drum to continue the pulling process at a consistent speed. Using the drum speed (or revolutions per minute RPM) and glass viscosity the fiber diameter can be manipulated - in general the faster the pull speed, the smaller the fiber diameter. Glass fibers with diameters in the range of 1-100 microns can be drawn continuously from a glass melt. Fibers can also be created using an updraw process. In this process, fibers are pulled from a glass melt surface sitting in a box furnace. By controlling the viscosity of the glass, a quartz rod isAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT used to pull glass from the melt surface to form a fiber. The fiber can be continuously pulled upward to increase the fiber length. The velocity that the rod is pulled up determines the fiber thickness along with the viscosity of the glass.

[0085] In some aspects, a method for making the bioactive glasses disclosed herein is provided, the method comprising: combining each component of the bioactive glass to form a mixture, heating the mixture to a temperature of 1500 °C or less to form a melted mixture, and cooling the melted mixture to form a cooled mixture.

[0086] In some aspects, the method further comprising forming the cooled mixture, or the melted mixture prior to and / or during cooling, into particulates, microbeads, fibers, or any combination thereof.

[0087] In some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise at least one flavoring, at least one surfactant, at least one sweetener, at least one whitening agent, at least one abrasive, or any combination thereof.

[0088] In some aspects, the at least one flavoring comprises peppermint oil, spearmint oil, Wintergreen oil, orange oil, lemon oil, eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, cinnamon (e.g., ground cinnamon, cinnamaldehyde, or a combination thereof), anethole, eugenol, vanillin, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one flavoring agent in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0.05, at least 0.1, at least 0.2, at least 0.3, at least 0.4, 0.5 or less, 0.4 or less, 0.3 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, 0.05 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one flavoring agent in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0.05-0.5, >0-0.5, >0-0.4, or 0.1-0.3. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition is free, or substantially free, of the at least one flavoring agent. The amounts disclosed herein for the at least one flavoring agent can refer to any one flavoring agent, to any combination of flavoring agents, or to all flavoring agents.

[0089] In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprises at least one surfactant. In some aspects the at least one surfactant comprises sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, poloxamer (such as an ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers), or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one surfactant in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 1.5, at least 2, at least 2.5, at least 3, at least 3.5, at least 4, at least 4.5, 5 or less, 4.5 or less, 4 or less, 3.5 or less, 3 or less, 2.5 or less, 2 or less, 1.5 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise the at least one surfactant in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-5,Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT0-4.5, 0-4, 0-3.5, 0-3, 0-2.5, 0-2, 0-1.5, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-5, >0-4.5, >0-4, >0-3.5, >0-3, >0-2.5, >0- 2, >0-1.5, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-5, 0.1-4.5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3.5, 0.1-3, 0.1-2.5, 0.1-2, 0.1-1.5, 0.1-1, 0.1- 0.5, 0.5-5, 0.5-4.5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3.5, 0.5-3, 0.5-2.5, 0.5-2, 0.5-1.5, 0.5-1, 1-5, 1-4.5, 1-4, 1-3.5, 1-3, 1-2.5, 1-2, 1-1.5, 1.5-5, 1.5-4.5, 1.5-4, 1.5-3.5, 1.5-3, 1.5-2.5, 1.5-2, 2-5, 2-4.5, 2-4, 2-3.5, 2-3, 2-2.5, 2.5-5, 2.5-4.5, 2.5-4, 2.5-3.5, 2.5-3, 3-5, 3-4.5, 3-4, 3-3.5, 3.5-5, 3.5-4.5, 3.5-4, 4-5, 4-4.5, or 4.5-5. In particular, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise the at least one surfactant in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of >0-5, 0.1-5, 0-3, 0.5-2.5, or 1-5. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition is free, or substantially free, of the at least one surfactant. The amounts disclosed herein for the at least one surfactant can refer to any one surfactant, to any combination of surfactants, or to all surfactants.

[0090] In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprises at least one sweetener. In some aspects, the sweeteners include, for example, xylitol, sorbitol, erythritol, mannitol, stevia, acesulfame potassium, aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, honey, agave nectar, sugar, and the like, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one sweetener in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.5, at least 1, at least 1.5, at least 2, at least 2.5, at least 3, at least 3.5, at least 4, at least 4.5, 5 or less, 4.5 or less, 4 or less, 3.5 or less, 3 or less, 2.5 or less, 2 or less, 1.5 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise the at least one sweetener in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-5, 0-4.5, 0-4, 0-3.5, 0-3, 0-2.5, 0-2, 0-1.5, 0-1, 0-0.5, 0-0.1, >0-5, >0-4.5, >0-4, >0-3.5, >0-3, >0-2.5, >0-2, >0-1.5, >0-1, >0-0.5, >0-0.1, 0.1-5, 0.1-4.5, 0.1-4, 0.1-3.5, 0.1-3, 0.1-2.5, 0.1- 2, 0.1-1.5, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.5, 0.5-5, 0.5-4.5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3.5, 0.5-3, 0.5-2.5, 0.5-2, 0.5-1.5, 0.5-1, 1-5, 1-4.5, 1-4, 1-3.5, 1-3, 1-2.5, 1-2, 1-1.5, 1.5-5, 1.5-4.5, 1.5-4, 1.5-3.5, 1.5-3, 1.5-2.5, 1.5-2, 2-5, 2-4.5, 2-4, 2-3.5, 2-3, 2-2.5, 2.5-5, 2.5-4.5, 2.5-4, 2.5-3.5, 2.5-3, 3-5, 3-4.5, 3-4, 3-3.5, 3.5-5, 3.5-4.5, 3.5-4, 4-5, 4-4.5, or 4.5-5. In particular, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise the at least one sweetener in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of >0-5, 0.1-5, 0.5-2, 1.5-4.5, or 3-5. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition is free, or substantially free, of the at least one sweetener. The amounts disclosed herein for the at least one sweetener can refer to any one sweetener, to any combination of sweeteners, or to all sweeteners.

[0091] In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprises at least one whitening agent. In some aspects, the at least one whitening agent comprises silica (e.g., hydrated silica), calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, titanium dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide, papain, charcoal, sodium tripolyphosphates, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one whitening agent in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0.1, at least 0.2, at least 0.4, at least 0.6, at least 0.8, at least 1, at least 1.2, at least 1.4, at least 1.6, at least 1.8, 2 or less, 1.8 or less, 1.6 or less, 1.4 or less,Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT1.2 or less, 1 or less, 0.8 or less, 0.6 or less, 0.4 or less, 0.2 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one whitening agent in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-2, 0- 1.8, 0-1.6, 0-1.4, 0-1.2, 0-1, 0-0.8, 0-0.6, 0-0.4, 0-0.2, 0-0.1, >0-2, >0-1.8, >0-1.6, >0-1.4, >0-1.2, >0- 1, >0-0.8, >0-0.6, >0-0.4, >0-0.2, >0-0.1, 0.1-2, 0.1-1.8, 0.1-1.6, 0.1-1.4, 0.1-1.2, 0.1-1, 0.1-0.8, 0.1- 0.6, 0.1-0.4, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-2, 0.2-1.8, 0.2-1.6, 0.2-1.4, 0.2-1.2, 0.2-1, 0.2-0.8, 0.2-0.6, 0.2-0.4, 0.4-2, 0.4-1.8, 0.4-1.6, 0.4-1.4, 0.4-1.2, 0.4-1, 0.4-0.8, 0.4-0.6, 0.6-2, 0.6-1.8, 0.6-1.6, 0.6-1.4, 0.6-1.2, 0.6-1, 0.6-0.8, 0.8-2, 0.8-1.8, 0.8-1.6, 0.8-1.4, 0.8-1.2, 0.8-1, 1-2, 1-1.8, 1-1.6, 1-1.4, 1-1.2, 1.2-2, 1.2-1.8, 1.2-1.6, 1.2-1.4, 1.4-2, 1.4-1.8, 1.4-1.6, 1.6-2, 1.6-1.8, or 1.8-2. In particular, in some aspects, the dentifrice compositions comprise the at last one whitening agent in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0.1-2, >0-2, 0.2-1.8, or 0.6-1.4. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition is free, or substantially free, of the at least one whitening agent. The amounts disclosed herein for the at least one whitening agent can refer to any one whitening agent, to any combination of whitening agents, or to all whitening agents.

[0092] In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprises at least one abrasive. In some aspects, the at least one abrasive comprises silica (e.g., hydrated silica, silica gel, colloidal silica, or any combination thereof), zinc orthophosphate, sodium bicarbonate, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, or any combination thereof. Although the bioactive glasses disclosed herein may have an abrasive effect in the dentifrice compositions, the bioactive glasses are not considered an abrasive herein for purposes of the amounts or inclusion of the at least one abrasive. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one abrasive in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0, >0, at least 0. 1, at least 1, at least 2, at least 5, at least 10, at least 15, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 5 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.1 or less, or any range formed therefrom. For example, in some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one abrasive in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of 0-20, 0-15, 0-10, 0-5, 0-2, 0-1, 0-0.1, >0-20, >0-15, >0-10, >0-5, >0-2, >0-1, >0-0.1, 0.1-20, 0.1-15, 0.1-10, 0.1-5, 0.1-2, 0.1-1, 1-20, 1-15, 1-10, 1-5, 1-2, 2-20, 2-15, 2-10, 2-5, 5-20, 5-15, 5-10, 10-20, 10-15, or 15-20. In particular in some aspects, the dentifrice composition comprise the at least one abrasive in an amount (wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition) of >0-20, 0. 1-20, 1-15, 2-10, or 5-15. In some aspects, the dentifrice composition is free, or substantially free, of the at least one abrasive. The amounts disclosed herein for the at least one abrasive can refer to any one abrasive, to any combination of abrasives, or to all abrasives.

[0093] Various ingredients of the dentifrice compositions herein may serve multiple functions and thus may be categorized as more than one type of ingredient. For example, silica may act as both an abrasive and a whitening agent. Therefore, while the categories of ingredients may provide a useful framework for understanding the different roles of ingredients, they are not mutually exclusive andAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT many ingredients may straddle multiple categories. In this regard, if a given composition is disclosed to have both at least one abrasive and at least one whitening agent, then two different such components must be present. In other words, one component (e.g., an abrasive) cannot be deemed to satisfy both the requirement for an abrasive and the requirement for a whitening agent in the same composition

[0094] Exemplary dentifrice compositions include, but are not limited to, those set forth in Table 1C below:Table 1C

[0095] In some aspects, the dentifrice composition is a toothpaste, a tooth gel, a mouthwash, or a powder. In some aspects, when the dentifrice composition is a powder, such powder can be used by an end user in powder form (e.g., by brushing with the powder), or such powder can be reconstituted with a liquid like water, glycerin, or a combination thereof prior to use by an end user such that the reconstituted composition can be used like a toothpaste, tooth gel, mouthwash, and so forth.

[0096] Various aspects are contemplated herein, several of which are set forth in the paragraphs below. It is explicitly contemplated that any aspect or portion thereof can be combined to form a combination. The phrase “any other aspect herein” means any numbered aspect herein, or any aspect or aspects disclosed elsewhere herein.

[0097] Aspect 1. A dentifrice composition, comprising: sodium monofluorophosphate; a bioactive glass, comprising:10-60 wt.% SiO2;0.1-15 wt.% ZrO2;10-60 wt.% CaO; and1-30 wt.% P2O5; based on total weight of the bioactive glass; andAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT water in an amount of at least 20 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

[0098] Aspect 2. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, comprising F ", FPO32", or a combination of F and FPO32" in an amount of at least 850 ppm, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

[0099] Aspect 3. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, comprising F ", FPO32", or a combination of F and FPO32" in an amount of 1150 ppm or less, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

[0100] Aspect 4. The dentifrice composition of aspect 2 or 3, any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, where the amount of F ", FPO32" or a combination of F and FPO32" is present after a period of at least 7 days has passed since the dentifrice composition was initially prepared.

[0101] Aspect 5. The dentifrice composition of aspect 4, any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the period is 7-365 days.

[0102] Aspect 6. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the sodium monofluorophosphate is present in an amount of >0-1 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

[0103] Aspect 7. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the bioactive glass is present in an amount of >0-20 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition

[0104] Aspect 8. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the water is present in an amount of 20-90 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition

[0105] Aspect 9. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, further comprising at least one humectant in an amount of >0-50 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

[0106] Aspect 10. The dentifrice composition of aspect 9, any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the at least one humectant comprises at least one polyalcohol.

[0107] Aspect 11. The dentifrice composition of aspect 10, any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the at least one polyalcohol comprises glycerol.

[0108] Aspect 12. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein a weight ratio of the water to the at least one humectant is 1 : 1 to 3 : 1.

[0109] Aspect 13. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, further comprising sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, or a combination thereof.

[0110] Aspect 14. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the bioactive glass comprises:25-35 wt.% SiO2;35-50 wt.% CaO; andAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT15-25 wt.% P2O5; based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

[0111] Aspect 15. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the bioactive glass comprises:3-12 wt.% ZrO2;0-25 wt.% MgO;0-5 wt.% F0-40 wt.% Na2O+K2O+Li2O;0-5 wt.% APO,0-5 wt.% B2O2;0-10 wt.% SrO;0-10 wt.% ZnO;CaO+P2Os in an amount of 40-70 wt.%; or any combination thereof; based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

[0112] Aspect 16. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, further comprising at least one flavoring, at least one surfactant, at least one sweetener, at least one whitening agent, at least one abrasive, or any combination thereof.

[0113] Aspect 17. The dentifrice composition of aspect 16, any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein: the at least one flavoring is present in an amount of >0-0.5 wt.%; the at least one surfactant is present in an amount of >0-5 wt.%; at least one sweetener is present in an amount of >0-5 wt.%; at least one whitening agent is present in an amount of >0-2 wt.%; at least one abrasive is present in an amount of >0-20 wt.%; or any combination thereof; wherein each amount is based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

[0114] Aspect 18. The dentifrice composition of any preceding aspect, or any other aspect herein, wherein the dentifrice composition is in the form of a toothpaste, a tooth gel, or a mouthwash.

[0115] Aspect 19: A combination of any two or more preceding aspects or any portion(s) thereof.EXAMPLES

[0116] The following examples illustrate non-limiting aspects of the disclosure and are not intended to be limiting on the scope of the disclosure or claims.

[0117] Example 1: This example demonstrates a sustained amount of fluoride present in compositions containing the bioactive glass of the disclosure in combination with sodium monofluorophosphate.Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0118] Two bioactive glasses were prepared having the compositions shown in Table 2 below using standard processes known in the art (as described elsewhere herein). The comparative composition was prepared to target the 45 S5 Bioglass® sold by Haleon under the Sensodyne® brand featuring NovaMin® technology.Table 2

[0119] Experimental conditions are shown below in Table 3, which are intended to simulate an aqueous dentifrice (e.g., toothpaste) environment along with fluoride additionsTable 3

[0120] In particular, experiments were performed at 37 °C, in 2: 1 w / w DI H2O:Glycerol solution with a starting concentration batched at 1150 ppm fluoride (as F or FPOs,2). batched as NaF or Na2FPO3 (SMFP). The results are shown in FIG. 1, which shows a plot of total F in fluoride ions vs. glass submersion time. The blank represents a composition without the presence of bioactive glass. It is observed that both Glass 1 and 45S5 (5 wt.%) when in contact with the SMFP -containing solution display fluoride contents that remain unchanged with exposure time and are greater than 1050 ppm within 7 days, significantly above the FDA minimum required for SMFP, as labeled in the plot. In comparison, Glass 1 in contact with NaF-containing solution for 7 days causes a drop from 1150 ppmAttorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT to about 500 ppm fluoride, highlighting the improvement in fluoride retention in aqueous environments when using SMFP in combination with the bioactive glasses disclosed herein.

[0121] Example 2: This example demonstrates that bioactive glasses that were exposed to SMFP still undergo remineralization when subsequently exposed to artificial saliva.

[0122] Three experiments were performed on Glass 1 from Example 1, and the resulting glass was analyzed by XRD. The results are set forth in FIG. 2.

[0123] In the first experiment, a mixture was prepared of 5 wt.% Glass 1 in 2: 1 w / w DI H2O:Glycerol solution containing 1150 ppm fluoride ion from SMFP, and the mixture was held at 37 °C for 7 days. This glass was analyzed by XRD (see bottom curve labeled “#1-SMFP for 7d” in FIG. 2).

[0124] In the second experiment, the resulting glass from the first experiment was then remineralized for 1 day at 37 °C in the artificial saliva of Table IB along with 8 wt.% glycine. This remineralized glass was analyzed by XRD (see middle curve labeled “#1-SMFP for 7 d, remineralized 1 d” in FIG. 2).

[0125] In the third experiment, a comparison sample was prepared that was not exposed to fluoride ion but instead was simply remineralized for 1 day at 37 °C in the artificial saliva of Table IB along with 8 wt.% glycine (see top curve labeled “#1-No F, re-mineralized 1 d” in FIG. 2).

[0126] As shown in FIG. 2, the sample recovered from fluoride ion experiments only (bottom curve) displays minor peaks associated with minor amounts of whitlockite. Meanwhile, the remineralized samples (middle and top curves) display these peaks, alongside the formation of hydroxyapatite, and no clear differences in XRD patterns are depicted between SMFP-exposed (middle curve) and non-F exposed (top curve) powders. This difference indicates that following SMFP exposure, Glass 1 glass from Example 1 still exhibits remineralizing reactivity in artificial saliva, thus showing its benefit in the final application for remineralization behavior.

[0127] Example 3 : This example demonstrates the stability of the bioactive glasses disclosed herein as compared to 45S5.

[0128] In this example, Glass 1 bioactive glass and 45S5, both shown in Table 2, were ground to an average diameter of <10 microns and then separately immersed in deionized (DI) water at 37 °C for various time periods up to 7 days. As shown in FIG. 3, Glass 1 showed improved water durability with respect to 45S5, since virtually no weight loss was observed for Glass 1 even at 7 days of immersion In contrast, 45S5 exhibited between about 5 to 7 % weight loss over 1 to 7 days.

[0129] Example 4: This example demonstrates the ability of the compositions of the disclosure to occlude dentin tubules in a human dentin disc, as compared to a control composition containing 45S5.Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0130] Glass 1 bioactive glass from Example 1 was formulated into an aqueous-based toothpaste shown in Table 4 below (“Toothpaste 1”).Table 4

[0131] The positive control serving as a comparative toothpaste was Sensodyne Repair and Protect® with NovaMin®, which contains 45 S5 and stannous fluoride, which served as a positive control (“Positive Control”). The artificial saliva of Table IB was employed as a negative control (“Negative Control”).

[0132] The following brushing procedure was performed on separate human dentin discs. 0.05 g of Toothpaste 1 and the Positive Control were separately applied to different human dentin discs and brushed with a manual toothbmsh using moderate pressure for 2 min, 2 times per day, for 3 days (Toothpaste 1) and 10 days (Positive Control). The same procedure was performed for the Negative Control in which the artificial saliva of Table IB was brushed on the human dentin discs with a manual toothbrush using moderate pressure for 2 min, 2 times per day, for a period of 7 days. Samples were then incubated in the artificial saliva of Table IB at 37 °C between brushing treatments and also overnight. The samples were then rinsed under flowing deionized (DI) water, sonicated for 10 min in DI water to remove any residue, and then desiccated, followed by performing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the desiccated samples. The results are depicted in FIGs. 4A-4B (Negative Control), 5A-5B and 7A (Toothpaste 1), and 6A-6B and 7B (Positive Control).

[0133] Specifically, as shown in FIGs. 4A-4B, the Negative Control (brushing with artificial saliva) is ineffective at occluding dentin tubules. In contrast, as shown in FIGs. 5A-5B and 7A, Toothpaste 1 is very effective at occluding dentin tubules. For FIGs. 6A-6B and 7B where the Positive Control was employed, there was only partial occlusion of dentin tubules, which is not nearly as widespread and uniform as Toothpaste 1. FIGs. 7A and 7B are a magnification of a dentin tubule, demonstrating that full coverage of the dentin tubule is achieved using Toothpaste 1, whereas use of the Positive Control did not result on full coverage of the dentin tubule.Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0134] In summary, an aqueous-based toothpaste formulations (Toothpaste 1) comprising Glass 1, glycine, and SMFP provided better coverage of dentin tubules than use of the Positive Control (Sensodyne Repair and Protect® with NovaMin®) or the Negative Control (artificial saliva).

[0135] It will be appreciated that the various disclosed aspects or embodiments may involve particular features, elements or steps that are described in connection with that particular aspect or embodiment. It will also be appreciated that a particular feature, element, or step, although described in relation to one particular aspect or embodiment, may be interchanged or combined with alternate aspects or embodiments in various non-illustrated combinations or permutations.

[0136] As used herein, the term “and / or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, and / or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.

[0137] While various features, elements, or steps of particular aspects or embodiments may be disclosed using the transitional phrase “comprising,” it is to be understood that alternative aspects or embodiments, including those that may be described using the transitional phrases “consisting of’ or “consisting essentially of,” are implied. Thus, for example, implied alternative aspects or embodiments to a device that comprises A+B+C include aspects or embodiments where a device consists of A+B+C and aspects or embodiments where a device consists essentially of A+B+C.

[0138] References herein to the positions of elements (e.g., “top,” “bottom,” “above,” “below,” “first,” “second,” etc.) are merely used to describe the orientation of various elements in the FIGURES. It should be noted that the orientation of various elements may differ according to other exemplary embodiments, and that such variations are intended to be encompassed by the present disclosure. Moreover, these relational terms are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

[0139] As utilized herein, the terms “approximately,” “about,” “substantially”, and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning in harmony with the common and accepted usage by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this disclosure pertains. It should be understood by those of skill in the art who review this disclosure that these terms are intended to allow a description of certain features described and claimed without restricting the scope of these features to the precise numerical ranges provided. Accordingly, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that insubstantial or inconsequential modifications or alterations of the subject matter described and claimed are considered to be within the scope of the invention as recited in the appended claims.Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT

[0140] As utilized herein, “optional,” “optionally,” or the like are intended to mean that the subsequently described component, event, or circumstance can or cannot occur or be present, and that the description includes instances where the component, event, or circumstance occurs / is present and instances where it does not occur / is not present. As used herein, the indefinite articles “a,” “an,” and the corresponding definite article “the” mean “at least one” or “one or more,” unless otherwise specified. It also is understood that the various features disclosed in the specification and the drawings can be used in any and all combinations.

[0141] With respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and / or application. The various singular / plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for the sake of clarity.

[0142] It will be apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Since modifications combinations, sub-combinations, and variations of the disclosed embodiments incorporating the spirit and substance of the disclosure may occur to persons ordinarily skilled in the art, the disclosure should be construed to include everything within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCTWHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A dentifrice composition, comprising: sodium monofluorophosphate; a bioactive glass, comprising:10-60 wt.% SiO2;0.1-15 wt.% ZrO2;10-60 wt.% CaO; and1-30 wt.% P2O5; based on total weight of the bioactive glass; and water in an amount of at least 20 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

2. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, comprising F~, FPO ,2. or a combination of F and FPO;,2in an amount of at least 850 ppm, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition3. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, comprising F~, FPOs2, or a combination of F and FPOs,2in an amount of 1150 ppm or less, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition4. The dentifrice composition of claim 2 or 3, where the amount of F~, FPOs2or a combination of F and FPOs2is present after a period of at least 7 days has passed since the dentifrice composition was initially prepared.

5. The dentifrice composition of claim 4, wherein the period is 7-365 days.

6. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, wherein the sodium monofluorophosphate is present in an amount of >0-1 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

7. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, wherein the bioactive glass is present in an amount of >0-20 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT8. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, wherein the water is present in an amount of 20-90 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

9. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, further comprising at least one humectant in an amount of >0-50 wt.%, based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

10. The dentifrice composition of claim 9, wherein the at least one humectant comprises at least one polyalcohol.

11. The dentifrice composition of claim 10, wherein the at least one polyalcohol comprises glycerol.

12. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, wherein a weight ratio of the water to the at least one humectant is 1 : 1 to 3 : 1.

13. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, further comprising sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, or a combination thereof.

14. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, wherein the bioactive glass comprises:25-35 wt.% SiO2;35-50 wt.% CaO; and15-25 wt.% P2O5; based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

15. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, wherein the bioactive glass comprises:3-12 wt.% ZrO2;0-25 wt.%MgO;0-5 wt.% F";0-40 wt.% Na2O+K2O+Li2O;0-5 wt.% ATCh:0-5 wt.% B2O2;0-10 wt.% SrO;Attorney Docket No. SP24-230 PCT0-10 wt.% ZnO;CaO+P2Os in an amount of 40-70 wt.%; or any combination thereof; based on total weight of the bioactive glass.

16. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, further comprising at least one flavoring, at least one surfactant, at least one sweetener, at least one whitening agent, at least one abrasive, or any combination thereof.

17. The dentifrice composition of claim 16, wherein: the at least one flavoring is present in an amount of >0-0.5 wt.%; the at least one surfactant is present in an amount of >0-5 wt.%; at least one sweetener is present in an amount of >0-5 wt.%; at least one whitening agent is present in an amount of >0-2 wt.%; at least one abrasive is present in an amount of >0-20 wt.%; or any combination thereof; wherein each amount is based on total weight of the dentifrice composition.

18. The dentifrice composition of any preceding claim, wherein the dentifrice composition is in the form of a toothpaste, a tooth gel, or a mouthwash.

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