Coextruded multilayer adhesive film for a polypropylene metal composite panel
A coextruded multilayer adhesive film with crystalline block composite and functionalized polyethylene effectively bonds polypropylene and metal layers, addressing compatibility issues and achieving robust bonding and good aging performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing adhesive resins based on Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) fail to bond effectively with polypropylene materials in metal plastic composite panels, leading to compatibility issues and inadequate bonding performance.
A coextruded multilayer adhesive film comprising a first layer of crystalline block composite (CBC) and a second layer of functionalized polyethylene is used to bond polypropylene and metal layers, with the CBC consisting of crystalline ethylene-based polymer, alpha-olefin-based crystalline polymer, and a block copolymer, and the second layer being functionalized polyethylene grafted with ethylenically unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid or its derivative.
The adhesive film achieves robust bonding with a cohesive failure mode, ensuring strong adhesion and good aging performance, with bonding strengths greater than 5.0 N/mm.
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Figure CN2024114272_12032026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
COEXTRUDED MULTILAYER ADHESIVE FILM FOR A POLYPROPYLENE METAL COMPOSITE PANELTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to a coextruded multilayer adhesive film for a polypropylene metal composite panel.BACKGROUND
[0002] Metal plastic composite panels are widely used for exterior curtain wall, interior wall, ceiling, furniture, and advertisement boards due to its lightweight, easy processing, good sound barrier, long term durability and aesthetic. The metal plastic composite panels may also be used in manufacturing of buses, trains and airplanes. The metal plastic composite panels are a type of flat panel that consists of two thin metal sheets bonded to a plastic core normally made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) .
[0003] To bond a metal sheet with a plastic core, an adhesive film with a cohesive failure mode is required. A cohesive failure mode will bring robust bonding and good aging performance. Traditionally, HDPE is used as the base material for the plastic core. Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) based adhesive resin is used as a tie layer to the bond metal sheet with a polyethylene core.
[0004] However, due to compatibility issues, LLDPE based adhesive resin or EVA based adhesive resin does not bond well with a polypropylene base material. Therefore, a need exists for an improved adhesive film specifically for a coextruded multilayer adhesive film for a polypropylene metal composite panel with a cohesive failure mode.SUMMARY
[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure address these and other issues by utilizing a coextruded multilayer adhesive film for a polypropylene metal composite panel.
[0006] In one embodiment, an article comprising at least one metal layer, at least one polypropylene layer, and a coextruded multilayer adhesive film that adheres the polypropylene layer to the metal layer is provided. The coextruded multilayer adhesive film includes at least a first layer and a second layer, the first layer comprises crystalline block composite (CBC) including a crystalline ethylene-based polymer (CEP) comprising at least 60 mol %polymerized ethylene by weight of the CEP, an alpha-olefin-based crystalline polymer (CAOP) and a block copolymer including an crystalline ethylene block (CEB) comprising at least 60 mol %polymerized ethylene by weight of the CEB and a crystalline alpha-olefin block (CAOB) , and the second layer comprises functionalized polyethylene including polyethylene grafted with ethylenically unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof.
[0007] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of constructing a composite panel comprising heating and pressurizing the article of the present disclosure at a temperature ranging from 160 ℃ to 220 ℃ to form the composite panel.
[0008] Additional features and advantages will be set forth in the detailed description that follows and, in part, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from that description or recognized by practicing the embodiments described herein, including the detailed description which follows in addition to the claims.
[0009] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description describe various embodiments and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and character of the claimed subject matter.
[0010] BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure can be best understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings, where like structure is indicated with like reference numerals and in which:
[0012] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the composite panel according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] DEFINITIONS
[0014] As used in this disclosure, the term “polymer” may refer to a polymeric compound prepared by polymerizing monomers, whether of the same or a different type. The generic term polymer thus embraces the term “homopolymer, ” usually employed to refer to polymers prepared from only one type of monomer as well as “copolymer, ” which refers to polymers prepared from two or more different monomers.
[0015] “Polyolefin” , “polyolefin polymer” , “polyolefin resin” and like terms mean a polymer produced from a simple olefin (also called an alkene with the general formula CnH2n) as a monomer. Polyethylene is produced by polymerizing ethylene with or without one or more comonomers, polypropylene by polymerizing propylene with or without one or more comonomers, etc. Thus, polyolefins include copolymers such as ethylene / α-olefin copolymers, propylene / α-olefin copolymers, etc.
[0016] As used in this disclosure, the term “polyethylene” or “ethylene-based polymer” may refer to polymers comprising greater than 50%by mole of units, which have been derived from ethylene monomer. This includes polyethylene homopolymers or copolymers (meaning units derived from two or more comonomers) . Common forms of ethylene-based polymer known in the art include Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) ; Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) ; Ultra Low Density Polyethylene (ULDPE) ; Very Low Density Polyethylene (VLDPE) ; single-site catalyzed Linear Low Density Polyethylene, including both linear and substantially linear low density resins (m-LLDPE) ; Medium Density Polyethylene (MDPE) ; and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) .
[0017] As used in this disclosure, the term “polypropylene” or “polypropylene-based polymer” may refer to polymers comprising greater than 50%by mole of units, which have been derived from propylene monomer. The term “polypropylene” includes: homopolymers of propylene such as isotactic polypropylene; random copolymers of propylene and one or more C2 and C4-C12 α-olefins in which propylene comprises at least 50 mole percent; and impact copolymers of polypropylene.
[0018] “Hard” blocks (also referred to as hard segments) refer to highly crystalline blocks of polymerized units in which a monomer (e.g., propylene) is present in an amount greater than or equal to 90 mol%. In other words, the comonomer content (e.g., ethylene content) in the hard blocks / segments is less than or equal to 10 mol%. In some embodiments, the hard segments comprise all or substantially all propylene units (such as an iPP -isotactic polypropylene-copolymer or homopolymer block) .
[0019] “Soft” blocks (also referred to as soft segments) , on the other hand, refer to amorphous, substantially amorphous, or elastomeric blocks of polymerized units in which a monomer (e.g., ethylene) is present in an amount from at least 60 mol%ethylene and reciprocally in which the comonomer content is greater than 10 mol %and less than 40 mol %, or greater than 15 mol %and less than 35 mol %.
[0020] The term “crystalline” refers to a polymer or polymer block that possesses a first order transition or crystalline melting point (Tm) as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) or equivalent technique. The term may be used interchangeably with the term “semicrystalline” .
[0021] The term “block copolymer” or “segmented copolymer” refers to a polymer comprising two or more chemically distinct regions or segments (referred to as “blocks” ) joined in a linear manner, that is, a polymer comprising chemically differentiated units which are joined (covalently bonded) end-to-end with respect to polymerized functionality, rather than in pendent or grafted fashion. The blocks may differ in the amount or type of comonomer incorporated therein, the density, the amount of crystallinity, the type of crystallinity (e.g. polyethylene versus polypropylene) , the crystallite size attributable to a polymer of such composition, the type or degree of tacticity (isotactic or syndiotactic) , regio-regularity or regio-irregularity, the amount of branching, including long chain branching or hyper-branching, the homogeneity, or any other chemical or physical property. The block copolymers of the present disclosure may be characterized by unique distributions of both polymer polydispersity (PDI or Mw / Mn) and block length distribution, due, in some embodiments, to the effect of a shuttling agent (s) in combination with the catalyst (s) .
[0022] The term “crystalline block composite” (CBC) (including the term “crystalline block copolymer composite” ) refers to a composite comprising three parts: a crystalline ethylene based polymer (CEP) , a crystalline alpha-olefin based polymer (CAOP) , and a block copolymer having a crystalline ethylene block (CEB) and a crystalline alpha-olefin block (CAOB) , wherein the CEB of the block copolymer is the same composition as the CEP in the block composite and the CAOB of the block copolymer is the same composition as the CAOP of the block composite. The three parts are present together as one component. Additionally, the compositional split between the amount of CEP and CAOP will be the same as that between the corresponding blocks in the block copolymer. The block copolymers can be linear or branched. More specifically, each of the respective block segments can contain long chain branches, but the block copolymer segment is substantially linear as opposed to containing grafted or branched blocks. When produced in a continuous process, the crystalline block composites desirably possess PDI from 1.7 to 15, from 1.8 to 10, from 1.8 to 5, or from 1.8 to 3.5. Such crystalline block composites are described in, for example, the following filed patent applications: PCT / US11 / 41189; U.S. Ser. No. 13 / 165,054; PCT / US11 / 41191; U.S. Ser. No. 13 / 165,073; PCT / US11 / 41194; and U.S. Ser. No. 13 / 165,096; all filed on 21 Jun. 2011 and incorporated herein by reference with respect to descriptions of the crystalline block composites, processes to make them and methods of analyzing them.
[0023] The term “functionalized polyethylene” means a polyethylene incorporating at least one functional group in its polymer structure. Exemplary functional groups may include, for example, ethylenically unsaturated mono-and di-functional carboxylic acids, ethylenically unsaturated mono-and di-functional carboxylic acid anhydrides, salts thereof and esters thereof. Such functional groups can be grafted to an ethylene homopolymer or an ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer, or it may be copolymerized with ethylene and an optional additional comonomer to form an interpolymer of ethylene, the functional comonomer and optionally other comonomer (s) .
[0024] As used herein, “cohesive failure” occurs when a fracture due to a peel test allows a layer of adhesive to remain on both substrate surfaces that are being adhered. In the present disclosure, cohesive failure means that a portion of the coextruded multilayer adhesive film is on both the metal layer and the polypropylene layer when a peel test is conducted. Conversely, “adhesive failure” means that adhesive is not present on at least one of the substrate surfaces that are being adhered, in this case, the polypropylene layer or the metal layer.
[0025] EMBODIMENTS
[0026] Referring to FIG. 1, an article 100 comprising at least one metal layer 104, at least one polypropylene layer 102 and a coextruded multilayer adhesive film 106 that comprises at least a first layer 106A and a second layer 106B. The first layer 106A includes a crystalline block composite (CBC) component including a crystalline ethylene-based polymer (CEP) comprising at least 60 mol %polymerized ethylene by weight of the CEP, an alpha-olefin-based crystalline polymer (CAOP) , and a block copolymer including an crystalline ethylene block (CEB) comprising at least 60 mol %polymerized ethylene by weight of the CEB and a crystalline alpha-olefin block (CAOB) . The second layer 106B includes a functionalized polyethylene comprises polyethylene grafted with ethylenically unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, wherein the functionalized polyethylene has an melt flow rate (MFR) (190 ℃ / 2.16 kg) of 1.0 to 10.0 dg / min as determined according to ASTM D1238. Moreover, the first layer 106A may be in contact with the polypropylene layer 102 and the second layer 106B may be in contact with the metal layer 104.
[0027] First Layer
[0028] In the first layer, the crystalline block composite may include from 0.5 to 95 wt %CEP, from 0.5 to 95 wt %CAOP and from 5 to 99 wt %block copolymer. The crystalline block composite may include from 0.5 to 79 wt %CEP, from 0.5 to 79 wt %CAOP and from 20 to 99 wt %block copolymer, or from 0.5 to 49 wt %CEP, from 0.5 to 49 wt %CAOP and from 50 to 99 wt %block copolymer. Weight percents are based on total weight of crystalline block composite. The sum of the weight percents of CEP, CAOP, and block copolymer equals 100%.
[0029] The CEP may comprise a crystalline ethylene / propylene copolymer. The CEP may contain from a minimum of 60 mol% (50 wt%) , 65 mol% (55 wt%) , 70 mol% (60 wt%) , 75 mol%(66 wt%) , 80 mol% (73 wt%) , 85 mol% (80 wt%) , or 90 mol% (86 wt%) , to a maximum of 70 mol% (60 wt%) , 75 mol% (66 wt%) , 80 mol% (73 wt%) , 85 mol% (80 wt%) , 90 mol% (86 wt%) , 95 mol% (93 wt%) , or 97 mol% (96 wt%) polymerized ethylene units and a reciprocal amount of polymerized propylene units based on the total number of moles or mass of the CEP. The comonomer content (e.g., propylene) content in the CEP may be less than 40 mol% (50 wt%) , less than 30 mol% (40 wt%) , less than 20 mol% (27 wt%) , less than 10 mol% (14 wt%) , less than 7 mol% (10 wt%) , less than 5 mol% (7.3 wt%) , less than 2 mol% (3 wt%) , or less than less than 1 mol% (1.5 wt%) .
[0030] The CAOP is a highly crystalline polymer containing polymerized alpha-olefin units in which the monomer (e.g., propylene) is present in an amount greater than 50 mol%, greater than 90 mol%, greater than 93 mol%, greater than 95 mol%, or greater than 98 mol%, based on the total weight of the CAOP. The comonomer (e.g., ethylene) content in the CAOP may be less than 50 mol%, less than 10 mol%, less than 7 mol%, less than 5 mol%, less than 2 mol%, or less than less than 1 mol%. In an embodiment, the CAOP comprises all, or substantially all, propylene units.
[0031] Said another way, the CAOP may contain from a maximum of 100 wt%, 99.5 wt%, 99 wt%, 95 wt%, 90 wt%, 85 wt , 80 wt%, 75 wt%, 70 wt%, 65 wt%, or 60 wt%, to a minimum of 90 wt%, 85 wt , 80 wt%, 75 wt%, 70 wt%, 65 wt%, 60 wt%, or 55 wt%propylene and a reciprocal amount of ethylene based on the total weight of the CAOP.
[0032] Various propylene based polymers are considered suitable for the CAOP. In one embodiment, the CAOP comprises an isotactic crystalline propylene homopolymer (iPP) . The CAOPs may have propylene crystallinity with corresponding melting points that are 80℃ and above, or 100℃ and above, or 115℃ and above, or 120℃ and above.
[0033] Nonlimiting examples of other suitable α-olefin units (in addition to propylene and optionally ethylene) that may be used in the CEP or CAOP are those that contain 4 to 10 carbon atoms, such as 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1-octene. Nonlimiting examples of suitable diolefins include isoprene, butadiene, 1, 4-pentadiene, 1, 4-hexadiene, 1, 5-hexadiene, 1, 7-octadiene, 1, 9-decadiene, dicyclopentadiene, methylene-norbornene, 5-ethylidene-2-norbomene, or the like, and combinations containing at least one of the foregoing α-olefin units.
[0034] Moreover, the block copolymer of the CBC may contain from a minimum of 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, or 50 wt%to a maximum of 70 wt%, 75 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, or 95 wt%of the CEB; and from a minimum 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, or 50 wt%to a maximum of 70 wt%, 75 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, or 95 wt%of the CAOB based on the weight of the block copolymer.
[0035] The CEB may comprise an ethylene / propylene copolymer. The CEB may contain from a minimum of 60 mol% (50 wt%) , 65 mol% (55 wt%) , 70 mol% (60 wt%) , 75 mol% (66 wt%) , 80 mol% (73 wt%) , 85 mol% (80 wt%) , or 90 mol% (86 wt%) , to a maximum of 70 mol% (60 wt%) , 75 mol% (66 wt%) , 80 mol% (73 wt%) , 85 mol% (80 wt%) , 90 mol% (86 wt%) , 95 mol%(93 wt%) , or 97 mol% (96 wt%) polymerized ethylene units and a reciprocal amount of polymerized propylene units based on the total number of moles or mass of the CEB. The comonomer content (e.g., propylene) content in the CEB be less than 40 mol% (50 wt%) , less than 30 mol% (40 wt%) , less than 20 mol% (27 wt%) , less than 10 mol% (14 wt%) , less than 7 mol%(10 wt%) , less than 5 mol% (7.3 wt%) , less than 2 mol% (3 wt%) , or less than less than 1 mol%(1.5 wt%) . In one or more embodiments, the CEB is considered a soft block i.e., an amorphous or relatively amorphous segment of the block copolymer.
[0036] The CAOB may comprise polymerized alpha-olefin units in which the monomer (e.g., propylene) is present in an amount greater than 50 mol%, greater than 90 mol%, greater than 93 mol%, greater than 95 mol%, or greater than 98 mol%, based on the total weight of the CAOP. The comonomer (e.g., ethylene) content in the CAOB may be less than 50 mol%, less than 10 mol%, less than 7 mol%, less than 5 mol%, less than 2 mol%, or less than less than 1 mol%. In an embodiment, the CAOB comprises all, or substantially all, propylene units.
[0037] Said another way, the CAOB may contain from a maximum of 100 wt%, 99.5 wt%, 99 wt%, 95 wt%, 90 wt%, 85 wt , 80 wt%, 75 wt%, 70 wt%, 65 wt%, or 60 wt%, to a minimum of 90 wt%, 85 wt , 80 wt%, 75 wt%, 70 wt%, 65 wt%, 60 wt%, or 60 wt%propylene and a reciprocal amount of ethylene based on the total weight of the CAOB.
[0038] Various propylene based polymers are considered suitable for the CAOB. In one embodiment, the CAOB comprises an isotactic crystalline propylene homopolymer (iPP) . In this embodiment, the block copolymer is a diblock of the CEB and the iPP.
[0039] Moreover, the CAOB may be considered a hard block i.e., a crystalline segment of the block copolymer. The CAOB may have crystallinity corresponding to a melting point that is 80℃and above, or 100℃ and above, or 115℃ and above, or 120℃ and above.
[0040] Nonlimiting examples of other suitable α-olefin units (in addition to propylene and optionally ethylene) that may be used in the CEB or CAOB are those that contain 4 to 10 carbon atoms, such as 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1-octene. Nonlimiting examples of suitable diolefins include isoprene, butadiene, 1, 4-pentadiene, 1, 4-hexadiene, 1, 5-hexadiene, 1, 7-octadiene, 1, 9-decadiene, dicyclopentadiene, methylene-norbornene, 5-ethylidene-2-norbomene, or the like, and combinations containing at least one of the foregoing α-olefin units.
[0041] In an embodiment, the CBC contains, consists essentially of, or consists of: (i) from 0.5 wt%, or 10 wt%, or 20 wt%, or 30 wt%to 40 wt%, or 50 wt%, or 60 wt%, or 70 wt%, or 79 wt%, or 95 wt%CEP; (ii) from 0.5 wt%, or 10 wt%, or 20 wt%, or 30 wt%to 40 wt%, or 50 wt%, or 60 wt%, or 70 wt%, or 79 wt%, or 95 wt%iPP; and (iii) from 5 wt%, or 10 wt%, or 25 wt%, or 30 wt%or 50 wt%to 70 wt%, or 80 wt%, or 90 wt%, or 95 wt%, or 99 wt %block copolymer, based on total weight of the CBC.
[0042] The CBC may have a density of from 0.870 to 0.925 g / cm3, such as from 0.880 to 0.925 g / cm3, from 0.885 to 0.925 g / cm3, from 0.890 to 0.925 g / cm3, from 0.895 to 0.925 g / cm3, from 0.900 to 0.925 g / cm3, from 0.870 to 0.920 g / cm3, such as from 0.880 to 0.920 g / cm3, from 0.885 to 0.920 g / cm3, from 0.890 to 0.920 g / cm3, from 0.895 to 0.920 g / cm3, from 0.900 to 0.920 g / cm3, from 0.870 to 0.915 g / cm3, such as from 0.880 to 0.915 g / cm3, from 0.885 to 0.915 g / cm3, from 0.890 to 0.915 g / cm3, from 0.895 to 0.915 g / cm3, from 0.900 to 0.915 g / cm3, from 0.870 to 0.910 g / cm3, such as from 0.880 to 0.910 g / cm3, from 0.885 to 0.910 g / cm3, from 0.890 to 0.910 g / cm3, from 0.895 to 0.910 g / cm3, from 0.900 to 0.910 g / cm3.
[0043] The MFR (230 ℃ / 2.16 kg) of the crystalline block composite may be from 0.1 to 1000 dg / min, such as from 0.1 to 50 dg / min, from 5.0 to 50.0 dg / min, from 5.0 to 40.0 dg / min, from 5.0 to 30.0 dg / min, from 5.0 to 20.0 dg / min, or from 5.0 to 10.0 dg / min, as determined according to ASTM D1238.
[0044] In one or more embodiments, the CBC has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) from 10,000 g / mol, or 35,000 g / mol, or 50,000 g / mol, or 100,000 g / mol to 130,000 g / mol, or 150,000 g / mol, to 200,000 g / mol, or 300,000 g / mol, or 500,000 g / mol, or 1,000,000 g / mol, or 2,500,000 g / mol. Appropriate techniques for determining Mw may include Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) techniques as described in U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos US2011-0082257, US2011-0082258 and US2011-0082249, all published on April 7, 2011 the entireties of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In one or more embodiments, the CBC has a Mw / Mn from 1.0, or 1.5, or 2.0, or 2.5, or 3.0, or 3.5, or 3.7, or 3.8, or 4.0 to 4.3, or 4.5, or 5.0, wherein Mn is number averaged molecular weight.
[0045] The CBCs may have a melt temperature greater than 100℃, such as greater than 120℃, or greater than 125℃. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that using CBCs with a Tm greater than 100 ℃ may improve adhesion performance and improved delamination resistance of the tie layers at high temperature (i.e., temperatures of at least 100 ℃) .
[0046] In some embodiments, the CBC resin (s) may have a (crystalline) block composite index of at least 0.1, such as at least 0.3, at least 0.5, or at least 0.7.
[0047] The crystalline block composites may include, in polymerized form, ethylene, propylene, and optionally one or more C4-20 α-olefin comonomers. Additional suitable comonomers may be selected from diolefins, cyclic olefins, and cyclic diolefins, halogenated vinyl compounds, and vinylidene aromatic compounds.
[0048] The ethylene content may be from 20 wt%, 25 wt%, or 28 wt%to 47 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt%, 60 wt , or 70 wt%, based on the total weight of the CBC. The total propylene content may be from 20 wt%, 25 wt%, or 28 wt%to 47 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt%, 60 wt , or 70 wt%, based on the total weight of the CBC.
[0049] In one or more embodiments, the first layer (tie layer) may include from 40 weight percent (wt. %) to 100 wt. %CBC. In one or more embodiments, the first layer may include at least 50 wt. %CBC. In some embodiments, the first layer (tie layer) may comprises from 40 to 100 wt.%, from 45 to 90 wt. %, from 50 to 90 wt. %, from 55 to 90 wt. %, from 60 to 90 wt. %, from 65 to 90 wt. %, from 40 to 85 wt. %, from 45 to 85 wt. %, from 50 to 85 wt. %, from 55 to 85 wt. %, from 60 to 85 wt. %, from 65 to 85 wt. %, from 40 to 80 wt. %, from 45 to 80 wt. %, from 50 to 80 wt.%, from 55 to 80 wt. %, from 60 to 80 wt. %, from 65 to 80 wt. %, from 40 to 75 wt. %, from 45 to 75 wt. %, from 50 to 75 wt. %, from 55 to 75 wt. %, from 60 to 75 wt. %, from 65 to 75 wt. %, from 40 to 70 wt. %, from 45 to 70 wt. %, from 50 to 70 wt. %, from 55 to 70 wt. %, from 60 to 70 wt.%, or from 65 to 70 wt. %CBC.
[0050] In further embodiments, the first layer further comprises polypropylene copolymer or polyethylene copolymer in an amount ranging from 5 wt. %to 40 wt. %of the first layer. Various polypropylene or polyethylenes are considered suitable. The polyethylene copolymer may comprise an LLDPE having a density ranging from 0.880 g / cc to 0.940 g / cc. The polypropylene copolymer has a density ranging from 0.880 g / cc to 0.910 g / cc, and a melt flow rate (230℃ / 2.16 kg) ranging from 0.1 dg / min to 5 dg / min as determined according to ASTM D1238. The first layer has a melt flow rate (230 ℃ / 2.16 kg) ranging from 1.0 dg / min and 20 dg / min as determined according to ASTM D1238.
[0051] Second Layer
[0052] Various compositions are considered suitable for the functionalized polyethylene in the second layer. The functionalized polyethylene may be a polyethylene grafted with ethylenically unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof. The ethylenically unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof may be selected from maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, maleic acid diesters, fumaric diesters, maleic acid monoesters or fumaric acid monoesters, esters of C1 to C4 alcohols, maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, or mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the functionalized polyethylene may be a functionalized linear low density polyethylene. For example, the functionalized polyethylene may include maleic anhydride grafted linear low density polyethylene. In addition to the maleic anhydride grafted linear low density polyethylene, it is contemplated that further functionalized polyethylene may be included in the second layer, for example, a functionalized ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer.
[0053] The functionalized polyethylene may have an MFR (190 ℃ / 2.16 kg) of from 1.0 to 10.0 dg / min. In embodiments, the functionalized polyethylene may have a melt flow rate (190 ℃ / 2.16 kg) of from 1.0 to 10.0 dg / min, from 1.0 to 8.0 dg / min, from 1.0 to 5.0 dg / min, 1.5 to 10.0 dg / min, from 1.5 to 8.0 dg / min, from 1.5 to 5.0 dg / min, from 2.0 to 10.0 dg / min, from 2.0 to 8.0 dg / min, from 2.0 to 5.0 dg / min, from 2.5 to 10.0 dg / min, from 2.5 to 8.0 dg / min, or from 2.5 to 5.0 dg / min. In further embodiments, the functionalized polyethylene may have a density from 0.860 to 0.940 g / cm3, from 0.860 to 0.935 g / cm3, from 0.860 to 0.930 g / cm3, from 0.860 to 0.925 g / cm3, and from 0.860 to 0.924 g / cm3.
[0054] In some embodiments, the functionalized polyethylene may be grafted with 0.1 to 3.0 wt.%, such as from 0.1 to 3.0 wt. %, from 0.5 to 3.0 wt. %, from 0.8 to 3.0 wt. %, from 0.1 to 2.5 wt.%, from 0.5 to 2.5 wt. %, 0.8 to 2.5 wt. %, from 0.1 to 2.0 wt. %, from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. %, from 0.8 to 2.0 wt. %, from 0.1 to 1.8 wt. %, from 0.5 to 1.8 wt. %, or from 0.8 to 1.8 wt. %ethylenically unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof, for example, maleic anhydride.
[0055] Polypropylene Layer
[0056] Referring again to FIG. 1, various propylene-based polymers are considered suitable for the polypropylene layer 102. These may include propylene homopolymers or propylene copolymers. The propylene copolymers may include, in polymerized form propylene and at least one comonomer selected from ethylene or more C4-20 α-olefin comonomers.
[0057] The polypropylene may have a density ranging from 0.880 g / cc to 0.940 g / cc, or from 0.880 g / cc to 0.910 g / cc. The polypropylene may also have a melt flow rate (230℃ / 2.16 kg) ranging from 0.1 dg / min to 100 dg / min, from 0.1 dg / min to 50 dg / min, or from 0.1 dg / min to 10 dg / min as determined according to ASTM D1238. Moreover, the polypropylene layer may has a melting point ranging from 140 ℃ to 180 ℃, or from 150 ℃ to 170 ℃.
[0058] Metal Layer
[0059] Various compositions are considered suitable for the metal layer. In one or more embodiments, the at least one metal layer comprises aluminum or galvanized steel.
[0060] Article
[0061] Various multilayer structures are considered suitable for the article. In one embodiment, the article may comprise a structure including a metal layer, a polypropylene layer, and a coextruded adhesive film having the first layer and second layer which adheres the metal layer and the polypropylene layer. The multilayer structures may have 5, 7, or more layers.
[0062] As shown in FIG. 1, there may be two coextruded multilayer adhesive films 106 to adhere two metal layers 104 on opposite surfaces of the polypropylene core layer 102. Referring again to FIG. 1, the article 100 may also comprise a protective color coating 108 and a protection film 110, wherein the protective color coating 108 adheres to one of the metal layers 104 and the protection film 110 adheres to the protective color coating 108. While various compositions are contemplated for the protective color coating 108 and protection film 110, the protective color coating 108 may comprise a fluorocarbon coating (e.g., a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coating) applied on the metal layer 104 surface to enhance the weatherability and the protection film may include a polyethylene film with a pressure sensitive adhesive according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0063] Optionally, any of the foregoing layers may further comprise one or more additives as known to those of skill in the art such as, for example, antioxidants, ultraviolet light stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, slip agents, antiblock agents, antistatic agents, pigments or colorants, processing aids, crosslinking catalysts, flame retardants, fillers and foaming agents. The layer may contain any amounts of such additives, such as from 0 wt. %to 10 wt. %, from 0 wt. %to 5 wt. %, from 0 wt. %to 1 wt. %, from 0 wt. %to 0.1 wt. %, from 0 wt. %to 0.001 wt. %, or any subset thereof, based on a weight of the layer.
[0064] Various thickness are contemplated for the article. The metal layer may have a thickness ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm and the polypropylene layer may have a thickness ranging from 2 mm to 5 mm. The total thickness of the coextruded multilayer adhesive film is from 10 μm to 200 μm, or from 30 μm to 100 μm. Overall, the article may have a thickness from 2.2 mm to 6 mm.
[0065] Without being bound by theory, the coextruded multilayer adhesive film having the CBC in the first layer and a functionalized polyethylene in the second layer adheres the polypropylene layer to the metal layer effectively such that the article achieves cohesive failure upon conducting a peel test. This strong adhesion allows for robust bonding and good aging performance. In one or more embodiments, the bonding strength is greater than 5.0 N / mm.
[0066] Process
[0067] In one or more embodiments, the composite panel may be produced by heating and pressurizing (e.g., hot pressing) the layers of the article at a temperature ranging from 160 ℃ to 220 ℃. The co-extruded multilayer adhesive may be made using blown film extrusion or cast film extrusion as would be familiar to the skilled person.
[0068] TEST METHODS
[0069] The melting temperature (Tm) of different polymers was measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with a heat / cool / heat method, where the reported Tm was the peak temperature determined from the second heat based on ASTM D3418.
[0070] MFR was measured according to ASTM D1238 and / or ISO 1133, under selected conditions of temperature (T) and load (L) , noted as MFR (T (℃) , L (kg) ) and expressed in units of gram per 10 minutes or simplified to dg / min. Conditions used included (190 ℃ / 2.16 kg) and (230 ℃ / 2.16 kg) .
[0071] Density measurements were performed by compression molding the pellets according to ASTM D4703. Measurements were made according to ASTM D792 Method B, within one hour of sample pressing.
[0072] Peel strength measurements were made using an Instron universal testing machine. The peel angle was 180°, and the peel speed was 100 mm / min.
[0073] Molecular weights (e.g., Mp, Mw, Mz, and Mn) are determined by GPC. High temperature GPC analysis was performed using a Dow Robot Assisted Delivery (RAD) system equipped with a PolymerChar infrared detector (IR5) and Agilent PLgel Mixed A columns. Decane (10μL) was added to each sample for use as an internal flow marker. Samples were first diluted in 1, 2, 4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) stabilized with 300ppm butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) at a concentration of 10mg / mL and dissolved by stirring at 160℃ for 120 minutes. Prior to injection samples were further diluted with TCB stabilized with BHT to a concentration of 2 mg / mL. Samples (250 μL) were eluted through one PL-gel 20 μm (50 x 7.5mm) guard column followed by two PL-gel 20 μm (300 x 7.5mm) Mixed-Acolumns maintained at 160 ℃ with TCB stabilized with BHT at a flowrate of 1.0 mL / min. The total run time was 24 minutes. To calibrate for molecular weight (MW) Agilent EasiCal polystyrene standards (PS-1 and PS-2) were analyzed to create a 3rd order MW calibration curve. Molecular weight units were converted from polystyrene (PS) to polyethylene (PE) using a daily Q-factor calculated around 0.4 using the average of 5 Dow 38-4 reference samples of known MW. Octene incorporation was determined by use of a linear calibration developed by analyzing ethylene-octene samples with known compositions.
[0074] EXAMPLES
[0075] The following Examples are offered by way of illustration and are presented in a manner such that one skilled in the art should recognize are not meant to be limiting to the present disclosure as a whole or to the appended claims.
[0076] The following compositions were used in the Examples below.
[0077] PP K7726H, which is an impact polypropylene copolymer commercially available from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Company, has a melt temperature (Tm) of 160 ℃.
[0078] PP K8303, which is a polypropylene copolymer commercially available from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Company, has an MFR (230 ℃ / 2.16 kg) of 2.0 dg / min, and a density of 0.899 g / cc.
[0079] FP-1 is a maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene having an MFR (190 ℃ / 2.16) of 4.2 dg / min, a density of 0.930 g / cc, and 0.13 wt%grafted maleic anhydride. FP-1 was prepared according to US Patent 7381770B1, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
[0080] Table 1 as follows provides details on crystalline block composites used in the Examples. CBC-1 and CBC-2 were prepared according to examples BC1 and CBC3, respectively, in US 20220049065, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
[0081] Table 1
[0082] Table 2 as follows provides details on composite panels and the peel data for these panels. Referring to FIG. 1, the composite panel 100 has an A / B / C / B / Awherein A is an aluminum metal sheet 102, B is a coextruded adhesive film 104 having a first layer and second layer, and C is a polypropylene core layer 106 comprising the PP K7726H polypropylene copolymer. The aluminum metal sheet 102 has a thickness of 180 μm, and the polypropylene core layer 106 has a thickness of 3mm. The thickness and other details on the coextruded multilayer adhesive 104 is provided in Table 2.
[0083] The coextruded multilayer adhesive 104 was produced by cast film processing a Davis-standard 3 layer co-extrusion line with a 1mm die gap T-Die. The die width is 500mm. The casting film processing temperature from feeding zone to die was: 185 / 210 / 225 / 225 / 225. The film width is 470mm and line speed is 14m / min.
[0084] The composite panels were made by hot press in a Polystat Hot Press Machine at a temperature of 190 ℃ for 30 seconds at a pressure of 20 bar.
[0085] Table 2 –Composite Panel Data
[0086] [Rectified under Rule 91, 06.09.2024]Referring to Table 2, the bonding strength for all of the inventive examples is greater than 5.0 N / mm, whereas the comparative has a bonding strength is 2.5N / mm. Additionally, the failure mode for the inventive examples show cohesive failure whereas the comparative show adhesive failure.
[0087] The subject matter of the present disclosure has been described in detail and by reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that any detailed description of a component or feature of an embodiment does not necessarily imply that the component or feature is essential to the particular embodiment or to any other embodiment. Further, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0088] It is noted that one or more of the following claims utilize the term “wherein” as a transitional phrase. For the purposes of defining the present technology, it is noted that this term is introduced in the claims as an open-ended transitional phrase that is used to introduce a recitation of a series of characteristics of the structure and should be interpreted in like manner as the more commonly used open-ended preamble term “comprising. ”
[0089] It should be understood that where a first component is described as “comprising” a second component, it is contemplated that, in embodiments, the first component “consists” or “consists essentially of” that second component. It should further be understood that where a first component is described as “comprising” a second component, it is contemplated that, in embodiments, the first component comprises at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, or even at least 99%that second component (where %can be weight %or molar %) .
[0090] It is also noted that recitations herein of “at least one” component, element, etc., should not be used to create an inference that the alternative use of the articles “a” or “an” should be limited to a single component, element, etc.
Claims
1.An article comprising:at least one metal layer;at least one polypropylene layer; anda coextruded multilayer adhesive film that adheres the polypropylene layer to the metal layer, wherein the coextruded multilayer adhesive film comprises at least a first layer and a second layer,whereinthe first layer comprises crystalline block composite (CBC) comprising:i) a crystalline ethylene-based polymer (CEP) comprising at least 60 mol%polymerized ethylene by weight of the CEP;ii) an alpha-olefin-based crystalline polymer (CAOP) andiii) a block copolymer comprising(a) an crystalline ethylene block (CEB) comprising at least 60 mol %polymerized ethylene by weight of the CEB and(b) a crystalline alpha-olefin block (CAOB) ; andthe second layer comprises:functionalized polyethylene comprises polyethylene grafted with ethylenically unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof.2.The article of claim 1 wherein the functionalized polyethylene has a melt flow rate (190 ℃ / 2.16 kg) ranging from 1.0 to 10.0 dg / min as determined according to ASTM D1238, wherein the functionalized polyethylene.3.The article of any preceding claim, wherein the first layer is in contact with the polypropylene layer and the second layer is in contact with the metal layer.4.The article of any preceding claim, wherein the first layer further comprises polypropylene copolymer or polyethylene copolymer in an amount ranging from 5 wt. %to 40 wt. %of the first layer.5.The article of claim 4, wherein the polypropylene copolymer has a density ranging from 0.880 g / cc to 0.910 g / cc and a melt flow rate (230 ℃ / 2.16 kg) ranging from 0.1 dg / min to 10 dg / min as determined according to ASTM D1238.6.The article of any preceding claim, wherein the first layer has a melt flow rate (230 ℃ / 2.16 kg) ranging from 1.0 dg / min and 20 dg / min as determined according to ASTM D1238.7.The article of any preceding claim, wherein the functionalized polyethylene comprises polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride.8.The article of any preceding claim, wherein the functionalized polyethylene has a graft level of greater than 0.1 wt. %.9.The article of any preceding claim, wherein the at least one metal layer comprises aluminum or galvanized steel.10.The article of any preceding claim, wherein at least one of the first layer or the second layer of the coextruded multilayer adhesive film has a thickness ranging from 10 μm to 100 μm.11.The article of any preceding claim wherein the article comprises:a protective color coating and a protection film, wherein the protective color coating adheres to one of the metal layers and the protection film adheres to the protective color coating.12.The article of any preceding claim, wherein the at least one metal layer has a thickness ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm and the at least one polypropylene layer has a thickness ranging from 2 mm to 5 mm.13.The article of any preceding claim, wherein the at least one polypropylene layer has a melting point ranging from 140 ℃ to 180 ℃.14.A method of constructing a composite panel, the method comprising heating and pressurizing the article of any preceding claim at a temperature ranging from 160 ℃ to 220 ℃ to form the composite panel.
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