Rivet punch for a wobble riveting process, wobble riveting method, wobble riveting device, anchor rail, and method for producing the anchor rail

Abstract

The invention relates to a rivet punch (10) and to a method and a device (1) for a wobble riveting process for fastening anchors (3) to a C-profile rail (5) of an anchor rail (4). According to the invention, a riveting surface (18) of the rivet punch (10) is provided with a spherical elevation (19) in the center of the riveting surface. During a wobble riveting process, the spherical elevation (19) of the riveting surface (18) of the rivet punch (10) rests perpendicularly and within a circumferential edge of the end face on an anchor shaft (6), whereby a circular anchor head (28) is formed which has a uniformly radial shape in all directions and transverse forces during the wobble riveting process are avoided.

Description

[0001] FIW2950.1 09.07.2025

[0002] SP / BSC

[0003] Description

[0004] Riveting die for orbital riveting; orbital riveting method; device for orbital riveting; anchor rail; method for manufacturing the anchor rail

[0005] The invention relates to a riveting die for orbital riveting with the features of the preamble of claim 1, a method for orbital riveting with the features of the preamble of claim 6, a device for orbital riveting with the features of the preamble of claim 7, an anchor rail with the features of the preamble of claim 8 and a method for manufacturing the anchor rail with the features of the preamble of claim 12.

[0006] The invention is particularly intended for fastening anchors to anchor rails; however, the riveting die, the method and the device according to the invention can also be used for other purposes.

[0007] Anchor rails are used to fasten attachments to concrete floors, walls, or ceilings of buildings using, for example, hammerhead bolts or rectangular or parallelogram-shaped nuts. The anchor rails are cast into the concrete during the concreting process and are flush with the surface.

[0008] Anchor rails typically feature a C-profile rail with anchors projecting outwards from its base. The C-profile rail usually has a rectangular tube profile with a longitudinal slot running lengthwise for inserting, for example, the head of a hammerhead bolt or a rectangular or parallelogram-shaped nut screwed onto a threaded rod. Such a C-profile rail can also be considered a rectangular hollow profile open at one point around its circumference. The side of the C-profile rail, or anchor rail, with the longitudinal slot is referred to here as the "top" of the C-profile rail or anchor rail. The side of the C-profile rail opposite the top is referred to here as the "bottom" of the C-profile rail.

[0009] Anchors protrude outwards from the base of the C-profile rail of an anchor rail, improving the hold of the anchor rail in the concrete.

[0010] The anchors, for example, have a rod-shaped anchor shaft with, for instance, a thread, a bend, or a disc- or plate-shaped expansion, which can be considered the anchor foot, at one end of the anchor furthest from the C-profile rail. The anchor rails with the anchors are cast into the concrete, with the anchors protruding from the anchor rails into the concrete anchoring the anchor rails in the concrete.

[0011] Patent EP 0 758 039 B1 discloses an anchor rail with a C-profile rail, from the base of which anchors project outwards in a longitudinal median plane of the C-profile rail. For attaching the anchors, the known anchor rail has holes with frustoconical collars in the base of the C-profile rail, through which cylindrical rods are inserted as anchor shafts. Anchor heads are then upsetting the C-profile rail onto these rods. During upsetting, the ends of the cylindrical rods expand radially in all directions and form themselves into the frustoconical collars of the holes in the base of the C-profile rail, thereby forming countersunk anchor heads at the ends of the cylindrical rods. These countersunk heads fix the cylindrical rods, which form the anchor shafts, to the base of the C-profile rail. The cylindrical rods with the formed anchor heads constitute the anchors projecting outwards from the base of the C-profile rail.

[0012] The upsetting, which can also be understood as riveting, is carried out perpendicular to the bottom of the C-profile rail of the anchor rail and axially to the anchors with a cylindrical rod-shaped punch, the diameter of which is smaller than the longitudinal slot of the C-profile rail of the anchor rail is wide, so that the riveting punch can be inserted into the C-profile rail for riveting or upsetting the anchor heads.

[0013] German patent application DE 33 15 758 A1 discloses a device for orbital riveting with a chuck that is rotatable about its axis and axially advanceable for riveting. A cylindrical riveting punch is clamped eccentrically in the chuck at an angle to the chuck's axis such that, when the chuck rotates about its axis, the riveting punch moves around an imaginary conical surface. A longitudinal axis of the riveting punch intersects the chuck's axis in front of an end of the punch facing away from the chuck, such that a tip of the imaginary cone, on whose surface the riveting punch rotates when the chuck is turned, is located in front of the end of the riveting punch, i.e., inside the riveting punch.An end face of the known riveting die facing away from the chuck has a ball-cap-shaped depression as a riveting surface, which, during orbital riveting, sits on an edge of an end face of a cylindrical rivet before riveting and forms a dome-shaped rivet head on the rivet.

[0014] The object of the invention is to improve the forming of an anchor head of an anchor of an anchor rail or, more generally, of a rivet head of a rivet by orbital riveting or by radial riveting.

[0015] This problem is solved according to the invention by the features of claims 1, 6 and 7. A further object of the invention is an anchor rail with the features of claim 8 and a method for manufacturing it with the features of claim 12.

[0016] The riveting die according to the invention has a riveting surface with a convex projection. Here, a riveting die is defined as a forming tool with which a rivet head can be formed onto one end of a rivet, for example, a cylindrical bar, by means of orbital riveting. Likewise, an anchor head can be formed onto one end of an anchor shank, for example, also cylindrical bar, instead of a rivet.

[0017] The riveting surface, as used here, refers to the area of ​​the riveting die that comes into contact with the rivet or anchor during the forming of the rivet head, thus forming the rivet head or anchor head. The riveting surface is typically located at one end of the riveting die. The riveting surface may also include areas that do not come into contact with the rivet or anchor during the riveting process.

[0018] The riveting surface of the riveting die according to the invention has, in particular, only one projection, which is concentric to the riveting die. According to the invention, the riveting surface is convex, that is, it is two-dimensionally curved, for example, in the manner of a dome. For example, the convex projection of the riveting surface of the riveting die according to the invention is cap-shaped or has the shape of a cap of a flattened or elongated / raised ellipsoid of revolution. Convex projections with a non-circular, but for example elliptical or oval, base are also possible. This list is exemplary and not exhaustive. In embodiments of the invention, the convex projection can be surrounded by ring-shaped surfaces, which, regardless of whether they come into contact with the rivet or anchor during riveting, are considered here to be part of the riveting surface of the riveting die according to the invention.

[0019] In riveting or orbital riveting, the rivet or anchor shank is axially compressed, whereby its end facing the riveting die is axially shortened and simultaneously widens radially towards the rivet head or anchor head. The shaping or forming of the rivet head or anchor head is achieved through plastic deformation of the end of the rivet or anchor shank.

[0020] An advantage of the convex protrusion of the riveting surface of the riveting die according to the invention is that the riveting surface does not sit at the edge but at a radial distance from the edge within a circular end face of a rivet or anchor shank that is cylindrical before riveting, and that the convex protrusion of the riveting surface does not sit obliquely but perpendicularly or tangentially on the end face of the rivet or anchor shank. The latter means that a normal to the convex protrusion of the riveting surface at a point of contact with the end face of the rivet or anchor shank is simultaneously a normal to the end face of the rivet or anchor shank. This results in axial rather than oblique upsetting of the rivet or anchor shank during orbital riveting, thereby avoiding or at least reducing transverse forces.This improves the shaping of the rivet head or anchor head, whose rotational symmetry to a longitudinal axis of the rivet or anchor shaft is improved, and counteracts eccentric shaping or shaping of the rivet head or anchor head in a direction perpendicular to the rivet or anchor shaft.

[0021] The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention specified in the independent claims.

[0022] A preferred embodiment of the invention features an enclosure surrounding the convex projection of the riveting surface of the riveting die, which is raised relative to the circumferential edge of the convex projection. The convex projection is, so to speak, located in a recess in the riveting surface formed by the enclosure, whereby the convex projection may, but need not, protrude from the recess. The enclosure is, for example, a truncated conical surface, which may also be convex or hollow, and which encloses the convex projection. Preferably, the enclosure is circular and concentric to the longitudinal axis of the riveting die or to the convex projection of the riveting surface. The enclosure of the convex projection of the riveting surface in this embodiment of the riveting die according to the invention can be considered a partial surface of the riveting surface, even if the enclosure does not come into contact with the rivet or anchor shank during riveting.The enclosing of the convex elevation of the rivet surface can align the rivet punch radially on the rivet or anchor shank during orbital riveting, or vice versa, aligning the rivet or anchor shank on the rivet punch and enabling a flatter rivet head or anchor head.

[0023] In embodiments of the invention, the convex protrusion of the rivet surface can be enclosed by a ring-shaped, for example, flat surface. This surface can also be considered a partial surface of the rivet surface, even if it does not come into contact with the rivet or anchor shank during riveting.

[0024] One embodiment of the invention provides that the angle between a tangent to the convex protrusion of the riveting surface of the riveting punch in an axial plane of the riveting punch at the circumferential edge of the convex riveting surface and a radial plane to the longitudinal axis of the riveting punch is not less than, and preferably greater than, half the cone angle of a wobble cone. The wobble cone is the imaginary cone on whose lateral surface the longitudinal axis of the riveting punch is moved during wobble riveting. If the wobble angle is changed during wobble riveting, the largest wobble angle is meant. This embodiment of the invention results in the riveting surface of the riveting punch according to the invention contacting the end face of the undeformed rivet or anchor shank only at the edge, and preferably within the edge.

[0025] In embodiments of the invention, the diameter of the convex elevation of the riveting surface of the riveting die is as large as, or up to 10% larger or smaller than, the diameter of the undeformed rivet or anchor shank before riveting.

[0026] A preferred embodiment of the invention provides a riveting die whose circumference decreases away from the riveting surface in a longitudinal direction of the die. In this embodiment, the riveting die has, for example, a frustoconical circumference at least in a longitudinal section adjoining the riveting surface, or, for example, a disc-like head projecting radially beyond a shaft of the riveting die, the riveting surface being formed on the end face of the head facing away from the shaft. At a distance in the longitudinal direction of the riveting die from the riveting surface, the riveting die in this embodiment can have, for example, a cylindrical clamping section for clamping, for example, in a chuck of a device, machine, or the like for orbital riveting.Reducing the circumference of the rivet punch in its longitudinal direction away from the riveting surface allows the rivet punch to tilt in a longitudinal slot of a profile rail of an anchor rail for forming the anchor heads onto the anchor shanks by upsetting during orbital riveting. In other words, this embodiment of the invention enables orbital riveting in a profile rail of an anchor rail or at least a larger angle of the orbital cone.

[0027] The inventive method with the features of claim 6 provides for orbital riveting with one of the embodiments or configurations of the riveting die according to the invention described above. The riveting die is moved in a longitudinal direction towards an end face of a rivet or anchor shank, which is, for example, cylindrical before riveting, until the convex projection of the riveting surface of the riveting die contacts the end face of the rivet or anchor shank, and further such that the riveting die upsetting the rivet or anchor shank and forming a rivet head or anchor head at the end of the rivet or anchor shank.During the longitudinal movement of the rivet or anchor shank, the riveting die is moved circumferentially on a wobble cone or in a rosette shape with the wobble cone as its lateral surface; that is, the longitudinal axis of the riveting die is moved on the lateral surface or within the lateral surface of an imaginary cone. The cone angle or wobble angle can be constant or change during riveting. According to the invention, anchor heads can also be formed on anchor shanks in profile rails of anchor rails for fastening the anchors to the profile rails in the manner described.

[0028] The device for orbital riveting according to claim 7 comprises a clamping device for clamping a rivet or an anchor shank, a chuck for clamping a riveting punch into which a riveting punch, as described above, is or is clamped, and an orbital drive. For orbital riveting, the orbital drive moves the chuck around the clamping device on a wobble cone and simultaneously in the direction of the clamping device such that a rivet head or anchor head is formed onto a rivet or anchor shank clamped in the clamping device by orbital riveting. It is also possible to orbital rivet anchor heads onto anchors in profile rails of anchor rods, in which case the anchors or one anchor at a time are clamped in the clamping device(s) for riveting.The profile rail can also be clamped or at least placed, for example, on the clamping device(s) of the device according to the invention for orbital riveting.

[0029] The anchor rail according to the invention, with the features of claim 8, comprises a C-profile rail and one or more anchors. The C-profile rail has a base and two side walls on opposite longitudinal sides of the base, which project from the base of the C-profile rail on the same side, in particular at a right angle. One side of the C-profile rail opposite the base, which is referred to here as the top of the C-profile rail, has in particular a longitudinal slot extending along one longitudinal direction of the C-profile rail. The base of the C-profile rail has one or more holes through which the anchor(s) pass. The anchor(s) project outwards, that is, from an outer side of the base of the C-profile rail opposite the side walls of the C-profile rail, and each has an anchor head on an inner side of the base of the C-profile rail.The anchor(s) each have an anchor shaft that has a solid cross-section in the area of ​​the hole in the base of the C-profile rail. "Solid cross-section" means that the anchor shaft has a continuous, homogeneous cross-section at this point. In particular, the anchor shaft has no cavities or composite structures at this point. In a preferred embodiment, the anchor shaft has a solid cross-section over half of its length extending from the hole in the base of the C-profile rail. Particularly preferably, the entire anchor shaft has a solid cross-section. In particular, the anchor shaft is not a stamped-bent part. The anchor head is formed on the anchor(s) on the inside of the base of the C-profile rail of the anchor rail according to the invention, particularly by orbital riveting, especially according to the method of the invention, using an embodiment or configuration of the riveting die described above.

[0030] According to the invention, the upper surface of the anchor head, facing away from the base of the C-profile rail of the anchor rail, has a protrusion and a depression in the protrusion, particularly in the center of the protrusion. If the anchor head is formed with a riveting die according to the invention, which is not mandatory for all embodiments of the anchor rail according to the invention, the depression in the protrusion of the anchor head originates from the convex protrusion of the riveting surface of the riveting die.

[0031] The recess in the raised section of the anchor head has, in particular, the shape of a cap of a revolution ellipsoid or, more generally, a solid of revolution. The revolution ellipsoid or solid of revolution preferably has a circular base, but can also have a non-circular base, for example, an elliptical or oval one.

[0032] In embodiments of the invention, the raised area on the upper side of the anchor head can be enclosed by an annular surface, in particular by a circular annular surface. The annular surface can be flat, sloping, or rising, i.e., for example, frustoconical.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the base of the C-profile rail of the anchor rail has a projection, for example frustoconical or funnel-shaped, on the outside of the C-profile rail, enclosing the hole through which the anchor passes. The anchor head rests on the inside of the base, or the anchor head is formed into the projection on the inside of the base of the C-profile rail, which is a recess on the inside of the base, by means of orbital riveting.

[0034] The recess in the raised section on the upper side of the anchor head, facing away from the base of the C-profile rail of the anchor rail, has a circular edge, preferably in a plane parallel to the inner side of the base of the C-profile rail. In this embodiment of the invention, the circular edge of the recess forms the transition from the recess to the surrounding raised section on the upper side of the anchor head. In embodiments of the invention, this edge is also a highest point of the anchor head, or has a highest point of the anchor head above the inner side of the base of the C-profile rail.The highest point of the anchor head should be as low as possible above the inside of the base of the profile rail of the anchor rail, or at least low enough that a hammerhead of a hammerhead bolt or a nut with an inserted threaded rod or threaded shank can be moved longitudinally along the C-profile rail over the anchor head on the inside of the base of the profile rail. The anchor heads of the anchors of the anchor rail according to the invention, as described above, are preferably formed onto the anchors by orbital riveting using a specific embodiment or configuration of the rivet die described above, and / or preferably according to the method according to the invention.

[0035] The features and combinations of features, embodiments, and configurations of the invention mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the figure description and / or drawn in a figure, are not only usable in the combinations specified or drawn, but also in any other combination or individually. Embodiments of the invention are possible that do not have all the features of a dependent claim. Individual features of a claim can also be replaced by other disclosed features or combinations of features. Embodiments of the invention that do not have all the features of the exemplary embodiment, but rather any part of the characterized features of the exemplary embodiment, are also possible.

[0036] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows:

[0037] Figure 1 shows a device for wobble riveting according to the invention with a riveting die according to the invention;

[0038] Figure 2 shows an anchor rail according to the invention in a perspective view; and

[0039] Figure 3 shows a cross-section of the anchor rail from Figure 2 during orbital riveting in the device from Figure 1.

[0040] The orbital riveting device 1 shown in Figure 1 is generally usable for orbital riveting of, for example, cylindrical anchor shafts 6 prior to riveting and is specifically designed for orbital riveting of anchors 3 of an anchor rail 4 according to the invention for fastening the anchors 3 to a C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4. In the exemplary embodiment, the anchors 3 have cylindrical anchor shafts 6 with an anchor foot 7 at one end of the anchor shaft 6 furthest from the C-profile rail 5. The anchor shafts 6 have a solid cross-section over their entire length and are homogeneously formed from one material. In the exemplary embodiment, the anchor feet 7 are disc-shaped, although other shapes are possible, for example, conical anchor feet or nuts screwed onto a thread of the anchor shaft 6 as anchor feet (not shown). This list is exemplary and not exhaustive.

[0041] The device 1 has a clamping device 8 for clamping the anchor shafts 6, a chuck 9 for clamping a riveting punch 10 and a wobble drive 11 for moving the chuck 9 in relation to the clamping device 8 for wobble riveting.

[0042] In the exemplary embodiment, the clamping device 8 has two clamping jaws 12 with groove-like, parallel recesses spaced apart in the opposing clamping surfaces 13 of the clamping jaws 12. The recesses have, for example, V-shaped or semicircular cross-sections and form receptacles 14 for clamping the anchor shafts 6 in the opposing clamping surfaces 13 of the clamping jaws 12. To clamp the anchor shafts 6, the two clamping jaws 12 can be moved towards each other like the jaws of a vise. At a distance from a top surface 40 of the clamping jaws 12, the receptacles 14 enlarge to form a receptacle for the anchor feet 7.

[0043] The upper surfaces 40 of the clamping jaws 12 of the device 1 according to the invention for orbital riveting form a support for the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4. Together, the clamping jaws 12 have a recess 15 with a rectangular cross-section for receiving the C-profile rail 5.

[0044] The chuck 9 of the device 1 according to the invention for orbital riveting is designed in the manner of a three-jaw chuck or has a collet or a rivet punch holder with a steep taper in the manner of a tool holder of a machine tool or a cylindrical rivet punch holder with, for example, a clamping screw for clamping the rivet punch 10 (not shown). The list is exemplary and not exhaustive.

[0045] In the illustrated and described embodiment of the invention, the riveting die 10 has a longitudinal axis L, a cylindrical clamping section 16 coaxial with the longitudinal axis L, and a frustoconical section 17 also coaxial with the longitudinal axis L, which transitions into the clamping section 16 at its smaller diameter end. An end face furthest from the clamping section 16 at a larger diameter end of the frustoconical section 17 of the riveting die 10 according to the invention forms a riveting surface 18. According to the invention, this surface has a convex, i.e., two-dimensionally curved, projection 19, which can also be considered dome-shaped (see also Figure 3). In the embodiment, the convex projection 19 is located in the center of the riveting surface 18, that is, the convex projection 19 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis L of the riveting die 10.

[0046] In the exemplary embodiment, the convex projection 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10 according to the invention has the shape of a spherical cap, although other shapes are possible. For example, the convex projection 19 in the center of the riveting surface 18 can also have the shape of a flattened or elongated / raised ellipsoidal cap (not shown). Preferably, the convex projection has a circular base and circular cross-sectional areas parallel to the base. However, convex projections are also possible whose base and cross-sectional areas are stretched in one direction and compressed in a direction perpendicular to it, for example, convex projections 19 with an oval or elliptical base and cross-sectional areas (not shown).

[0047] The convex projection 19 is enclosed by a surround 20, which extends circumferentially from a circumferential edge 21 of the convex projection 19 in the same direction as the convex projection 19. In the exemplary embodiment, the surround 20 of the convex projection 19 has the shape of a frustoconical perforated disc. Its shape is adapted to the base or circumferential edge 21 of the convex projection 19; in the case of a convex projection 19 with a circular base and circular circumferential edge 21, the surround 20 is preferably also circular. The surround 20 may, in the radial direction, be convex or concave, deviating from a frustoconical surface. In the longitudinal direction of the riveting die 10, the surround 20 of the convex projection 19 may be the same height, lower, or higher than the convex projection 19. The enclosure 20 forms a kind of depression in the riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10 according to the invention, in the middle of which the convex elevation 19 is arranged.The enclosure 20 of the convex projection 19 is here considered part of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10, regardless of whether the enclosure 20 comes into contact with the rivet or with the anchor shank 6 during riveting. The described shape of the enclosure 20 of the convex projection 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10 according to the invention is not essential for the invention.

[0048] In the described and illustrated embodiment of the invention

[0049] The circumference 20 of the convex protrusion 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10 is enclosed by an annular surface 22. In the exemplary embodiment, the annular surface 22 is a flat circular annular surface concentric to the longitudinal axis L of the riveting die 10 in a radial plane of the longitudinal axis L of the riveting die 10, which, however, is not essential for the invention.

[0050] The anchor rail 4 according to the invention, shown in Figures 2 and 3, has a C-profile rail 5 as described above. The C-profile rail 5 has a rectangular tube profile, which can also be considered a rectangular hollow profile. On one side, here designated as the top 23, the C-profile rail 5 has a longitudinally extending slot 24 for inserting a hammerhead, a hammerhead screw (not shown), or a nut (also not shown) screwed onto a threaded rod. This nut can be rotated in the C-profile rail 5 and thereby engaged from behind in order to attach a component to the C-profile rail 5 or to the anchor rail 4 (not shown).

[0051] On one side opposite the upper surface 23, which is here referred to as the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5, the C-profile rail 5 has holes 26 spaced apart along its longitudinal axis. The receptacles 14 for the anchor shafts 6 of the anchors 3 of the anchor rail 4 in the opposing clamping surfaces 13 of the clamping device 8 of the device 1 according to the invention for orbital riveting are arranged at the same intervals as the holes 26 in the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4.

[0052] The sides of the C-profile rail 5 connecting the base 25 with the top 23 on the longitudinal sides of the base 25 are here referred to as side walls 41 of the C-profile rail 5.

[0053] For the manufacture of the anchor rail 4 according to the invention, or for the fastening of the anchors 3 to the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 according to the invention, the anchors 3 with their anchor shafts 6 are clamped in the receptacles 14 of the clamping jaws 12 of the clamping device 8 of the device 1 according to the invention for orbital riveting. The anchor feet 7 are located in the corresponding enlarged recesses of the receptacles 14. On the upper surfaces 40 of the clamping jaws 12, the anchor shafts 6 project into the recess 15 of the clamping jaws 12. Subsequently, the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 is inserted into the recess 15 on the upper surfaces 40 of the clamping jaws 12 such that the ends of the anchor shafts 6 pass through the holes 26 in the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5 and protrude on the inner surface 27 of the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5.The anchor shafts 6 protrude into the C-profile rail 5 on the inner side 27 facing the upper side 23 of the C-profile rail 5 to such an extent that anchor heads 28 can be formed into the C-profile rail 5 by upsetting, in the exemplary embodiment by orbital riveting of the anchor shafts 6 at the ends of the anchor shafts 6.

[0054] The anchors 3 protrude from one of the outer sides 29 of the base 25 opposite the inner side 27 of the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 according to the invention.

[0055] To fix the anchors 3 to the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 according to the invention, the riveting punch 10 according to the invention is positioned obliquely at an angle α / 2 to a longitudinal axis A of the anchor shaft 6, whereby the center of the convex projection 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting punch 10 remains at the center of an end face 38 of the anchor shaft 6 facing the riveting punch 10. An eccentricity of the convex projection 19 of the riveting surface 18 is also possible, but this eccentricity is small, for example, no more than 10% of the diameter of the end face 30 of the anchor shaft 6, so that the end face 38 of the anchor shaft 6 is compressed by the convex projection 19 during orbital riveting. The angle α / 2 at which the longitudinal axis L of the riveting punch 10 is positioned relative to the longitudinal axis A of the anchor shaft 6 during orbital riveting is half the size of an orbital angle α.

[0056] The chuck 9 with the riveting punch 10 is then moved towards the anchor shaft 6 in a longitudinal direction along the longitudinal axis A of the anchor shaft 6 until the convex projection 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting punch 10 rests on the end face 38 of the anchor shaft 6 facing it, and further such that the anchor shaft 6 is axially compressed and the end 30 of the anchor shaft 6 expands radially in the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4. The end 30 of the anchor shaft 6 is plastically deformed into the anchor head 28 by the compression in the C-profile rail 5, and the anchor 3 is thereby fixed to the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5.

[0057] During the movement of the riveting punch 10 axially to the anchor shank 6 towards the end face 38 of the anchor shank 6, the riveting punch 10 is rotated about the longitudinal axis A of the anchor shank 6, which is also a rotation axis of the chuck 9, such that the longitudinal axis L of the riveting punch 10 moves circumferentially on an imaginary conical surface concentric to the longitudinal axis A of the anchor shank 6. The cone enclosed by this concentric surface is called the wobble cone. One cone angle of this conical surface is the wobble angle α. In Figure 1, the riveting punch 10 is shown with solid lines at one circumferential point of the wobble cone and with dashed lines at an opposite circumferential point of the wobble cone.

[0058] The upsetting of the end 30 of the anchor shaft 6 in the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 by the movement of the riveting punch 10 axially towards the anchor shaft 6 simultaneously with the rotating motion of the riveting punch 10 on the imaginary conical surface with the wobble angle a is a wobble riveting process by which the end 30 of the anchor shaft 6 is plastically transformed into the anchor head 28.

[0059] The wobble angle 'a' can be constant or changed during wobble riveting, or change during wobble riveting.

[0060] A diameter Di of the convex elevation 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10 according to the invention is as large as or up to 10% larger or smaller than a diameter DN of the anchor shaft 6 before upsetting or wobble riveting.

[0061] An angle β between a tangent T of the convex projection 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting punch 10 at the circumferential edge 21 of the convex projection 19 in an axial plane of the riveting punch 10 and a radial plane of the longitudinal axis L of the riveting punch 10 is not less than and preferably greater than half the wobble angle α. This ensures that the convex projection 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting punch 10 sits radially away from an edge 39 of the end face 38 of the anchor shank 6, either within the end face 38 of the anchor shank 6 or, at most, on the edge 39 of the end face 38 of the anchor shank 6.

[0062] This, along with the convex protrusion 19, causes the end 30 of the anchor shaft 6 to be very uniformly and plastically deformed in all directions radially outwards in the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4, forming the anchor head 28. In a frontal view (not shown), the anchor head 28 is circular or at least approximately circular. This prevents the upsetting of an anchor head 28 that is strongly eccentrically shaped in one direction.

[0063] Furthermore, the orbital riveting according to the invention, with the riveting die 10 having the convex projection 19 of its riveting surface 18, avoids or at least reduces transverse forces on the anchor shank 6 caused by a riveting die 10 sitting obliquely on the end face 38 of the anchor shank 6 and / or a riveting die 10 pressing against the circumferential edge 39 of the end face 38 of the anchor shank 6. The convex projection 19 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10 according to the invention sits within the end face 38 of the anchor shank 6 and perpendicular to the end face 38 of the anchor shank 6.

[0064] The riveting punch 10 according to the invention has the frustoconical section 17, with which it reduces its circumference from the riveting surface 19 towards the clamping section 16 and the chuck 9. This enables the rotating motion of the riveting punch 10 in the longitudinal slot 24 of the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 according to the invention.

[0065] A riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10 according to the invention, with the convex projection 19 in its center, the circular disk- and frustoconical enclosure 20 surrounding the convex projection 19, and the flat annular surface 22 enclosing the enclosure 20 in the radial plane of the longitudinal axis L of the riveting die 10, forms a counter-impression in the anchor head 28 during orbital riveting. This counter-impression is upsetting or formed against the end of the anchor shank 6 in the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 during orbital riveting. Due to the orbital movement of the riveting die 10 during orbital riveting or upsetting, the counter-impression on the upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28, facing away from the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5, is not an exact counterpart to the riveting surface 18.

[0066] The upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28 of the anchor 3, facing away from the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 according to the invention, has a two-dimensionally convex depression 31 in its center, which can also be considered dome-shaped. The depression 31 in the upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28 is formed by the convex protrusion 19 in the center of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting punch 10, but, as described, due to the wobbling motion of the riveting punch 10 during upsetting or wobbling riveting, it is not an exact mating surface of the convex protrusion 19. In the exemplary embodiment, the depression 31 in the center of the upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28, as well as the anchor head 28 itself, is circular.

[0067] The recess 31 in the upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28 in the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 according to the invention is enclosed by a disc-shaped, in the exemplary embodiment also circular, annular projection 32, which is formed during orbital riveting by the frustoconical annular surface 22 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting punch 10. Due to the orbital movement of the riveting punch 10 during orbital riveting, the annular projection 32 on the upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28 is not a precise frustoconical surface, but is somewhat convex.

[0068] The annular protrusion 32 on the upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28 is enclosed by an outer surface 33 – circular in the exemplary embodiment – ​​which is formed during orbital riveting by the flat annular surface 22 of the riveting surface 18 of the riveting die 10. Due to the orbital movement of the riveting die 10 during orbital riveting, the outer surface 33 on the upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28 is not a flat surface but a slightly convex, approximately truncated conical surface.

[0069] In the exemplary embodiment of the anchor rail 4 according to the invention, a circumferential edge 36, which limits the recess 31 and the surrounding annular projection 32 on the upper surface 37 of the anchor head 28, is a circle in a radial plane of the anchor 3 or the anchor shaft 6. This circumferential edge 36 forms a highest point of the anchor head 28 in the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 above the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5.

[0070] At the openings of the receptacles 14 for the anchor shanks 6 in the opposing clamping surfaces 13 of the clamping jaws 12 of the clamping device 8 of the device 1 according to the invention for orbital riveting, the clamping jaws 12 have trough-shaped recesses 34 in their upper surfaces 40, which enclose the anchor shanks 6 during orbital riveting. When the anchor shanks 6 are upsetting during orbital riveting, the ends of the anchor shanks 6 are formed into the anchor heads 28 and thereby shape the base 25 of the C-profile rail 5 of the anchor rail 4 into the recesses 34 in the upper surfaces 40 of the clamping jaws 12. The base 25 of the C-profile rail 5 therefore has funnel-shaped protrusions 35 on its outer surface 29, which enclose the holes 26 and the anchor shanks 6.

[0071] In general, rivet heads can also be formed on, in particular, cylindrical rivets using the device 1 according to the invention. These rivets are clamped between the clamping jaws 12 of the device 1 in place of the anchor shafts 6 (not shown). FIW2950.1 09.07.2025

[0072] SP / BSC

[0073] List of reference signs

[0074] Riveting die for orbital riveting process for orbital riveting

[0075] Device for wobble riveting anchor rail Method for manufacturing an anchor rail

[0076] A Longitudinal axis of the anchor shaft 6

[0077] The diameter of the convex elevation is 19

[0078] DN diameter of the anchor shaft

[0079] L Longitudinal axis of the rivet punch

[0080] T tangent a wobble angle ß angle

[0081] 1 Device for wobble riveting

[0082] 2 free

[0083] 3 anchors

[0084] 4 Anchor rail

[0085] 5 C-profile rail

[0086] 6 Anchor shaft

[0087] 7 anchor foot

[0088] 8 Clamping device

[0089] 9 chucks

[0090] 10 rivet stamps

[0091] 11 Wobble drive

[0092] 12 clamping jaws

[0093] 13 clamping surface

[0094] 14th entry

[0095] 15 Recess in the top of the clamping jaws 12

[0096] 16 Clamping section of the rivet punch 10

[0097] 17 Truncated cone-shaped section of the rivet punch 10 Rivet surface

[0098] convex elevation

[0099] Enclosure of the convex elevation 19

[0100] Circumferential margin of the convex elevation 19

[0101] Ring surface

[0102] Top side of the C-profile rail 5

[0103] longitudinal slot

[0104] Base of the C-profile rail 5

[0105] Hole

[0106] Inside of the C-profile rail 5

[0107] anchor head

[0108] Outside of the C-profile rail 5

[0109] End of anchor shaft 6

[0110] in-depth

[0111] Ring-shaped elevation

[0112] Outer surface of the anchor head 28

[0113] Reduction

[0114] funnel-shaped elevation

[0115] Perimeter

[0116] Top of the anchor head 28

[0117] End face of the anchor shaft 6

[0118] Edge of the end face 38 of the anchor shaft 6

[0119] Top side of the clamping jaw 12

[0120] Side wall of the C-profile rail 5

Claims

FIW2950.1 09.07.2025 SP / BSC Claims 1. Riveting die (10) for orbital riveting, wherein the riveting die (10) has a riveting surface (18), characterized in that the riveting surface (18) has a convex elevation (19).

2. Riveting die (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the riveting surface (18) has a surround (20) of the convex projection (19) which is raised relative to a circumferential edge (21) of the convex projection (19).

3. Riveting die (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the riveting die (10) has a longitudinal axis (L) and that an angle (β) between a tangent (T) of the convex projection (19) of the riveting surface (18) at the circumferential edge (21) of the convex projection (19) of the riveting surface (18) and a radial surface to the longitudinal axis (L) of the riveting die (10) is not smaller and preferably larger than half a cone angle (a) of a wobble cone on which the longitudinal axis (L) of the riveting die (10) is moved circumferentially during wobble riveting.

4. Riveting die (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a diameter (Di) of the convex protrusion (19) of the riveting surface (18) is as large as or up to 10% larger or smaller than a diameter (DN) of a rivet or anchor shank (6) before the orbital riveting.

5. Riveting die (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a circumference of the riveting die (10) decreases away from the riveting surface (19) in a longitudinal direction of the riveting die (10).

6. A method for orbital riveting, characterized in that the convex protrusion (19) of the riveting surface (18) of a riveting die (10) is formed according to one or several of the preceding claims is pressed against an end (30) of an anchor shaft (6) such that an anchor head (28) is formed by forming on the anchor shaft (6), and that when the riveting punch (10) is pressed against the end (30) of the anchor shaft (6), the riveting punch (10) is moved circumferentially on a wobble cone and is moved in a longitudinal direction of a longitudinal axis (A) of the anchor shaft (6) towards the end (30) of the anchor shaft (6).

7. Device (1) for orbital riveting, comprising a clamping device (8) for clamping an anchor shaft (6), a chuck (9) for clamping a rivet punch (10), and an orbital drive (11) which moves the chuck (9) circumferentially on an orbital cone in relation to the clamping device (8) and simultaneously towards the clamping device (8), characterized in that a rivet punch (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 5 is clamped in the chuck (9).

8. Anchor rail (4) with a C-profile rail (5) and with an anchor (3) projecting from an outer surface (29) of a bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) and having an anchor head (28) on an inner surface (27) of the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) and an anchor shaft (6), wherein the C-profile rail (5) has the bottom (25) and two side walls (41) on longitudinal sides of the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) projecting from an inner surface (27) of the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) opposite the outer surface (29) of the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5), wherein the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) has a hole (26) through which the anchor (3) passes and which the anchor head (28) on the inner surface (27) of the C-profile rail (5) engages, wherein the anchor shaft (6) in the area of ​​the hole (26) has a solid cross-section, characterized in thatthat an upper surface (37) of the anchor head (28) facing away from the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) has an annular protrusion (32) and a depression (31) in the annular protrusion (32).

9. Anchor rail (4) according to claim 8, characterized in that the upper surface (37) of the anchor head (28) facing away from the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) has a flat or frustoconical outer surface (33) which surrounds the ring-shaped elevation (32) on the upper surface (30) of the anchor head (28).

10. Anchor rail (4) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) has a funnel-shaped protrusion (35) surrounding the hole (26) through which the anchor (3) passes, towards the outside (29) of the C-profile rail (5).

11. Anchor rail (4) according to one or more of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the recess (31) in the upper surface (37) of the anchor head (28) facing away from the bottom (25) of the C-profile rail (5) has a circular circumferential edge (36).

12. Method for manufacturing an anchor rail (4) according to one or more of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the anchor head (28) is manufactured by orbital riveting with a riveting die (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 5.

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