Method for calculating the remaining range for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for calculating the remaining range for a battery of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. According to the invention, the method comprises the following steps: - acquiring (S51) a route to be followed, the route passing through a first zero-emissions zone and a second zero-emissions zone separate from the first; - dividing (S52) the route into a series of segments, the segments comprising two output segments corresponding to a final segment of the first zero-emissions zone and to a final segment of the second zero-emissions zone; and - calculating (S53), in series for each segment of the route: - an estimated variation in electrical energy over the segment; - a forecast level of electrical energy in the battery at the end of the segment; - if the segment corresponds to one of the two output segments, a remaining range as a function of the forecast level of electrical energy, this remaining range being recorded; and - displaying (S54) at least one item of data relating to the remaining ranges recorded.

Description

Description Title of the invention: Method for calculating missing range for a plug-in hybrid vehicle Technical field of the invention

[0001] La présente invention concerne de manière générale les véhicules hybrides rechargeable.

[0002] Elle concerne plus particulièrement une méthode de calcul d’une autonomie missing for an electric battery of a plug-in hybrid vehicle.

[0003] L’invention trouve une application particulièrement avantageuse dans les véhicules Plug-in hybrids with average electric range, meaning a range of around 100 kilometers in pure electric driving mode. Such vehicles can therefore operate in zero-emission zones thanks to their electric motor. State of the art

[0004] Des efforts pour améliorer la qualité de l’air dans les villes, notamment en réduisant The levels of particulate matter have led to the establishment of urban zones where access is restricted to low-emission vehicles. Regulations have been implemented accordingly, resulting in the creation of Low Emission Zones (LEZs).

[0005] Afin de poursuivre ces efforts dans une dynamique de transition énergétique, lesCities are now considering the implementation of Zero Emission Zones (hereafter referred to as "ZEZs"). Within these zones, only so-called "zero-emission" modes of transport will be permitted. These zero-emission modes include, for example, walking, using non-motorized two-wheelers (bicycles, scooters, etc.), or electric or hybrid vehicles, provided that the latter can operate with their internal combustion engine switched off.

[0006] Ainsi, les enjeux de la transition énergétique poussent le développement des Electric and hybrid vehicles. This development is in synergy with the future deployment of ZZEs in urban areas, the latter of which are potentially set to multiply rapidly in the coming years, in order to respond to efforts to improve air quality.

[0007] Les véhicules hybrides, en particulier les véhicules hybrides rechargeables (also known as PHEV, for "Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle" in English) are an important lever in the context of this energy transition and the implementation of ZZE.

[0008] En effet, un véhicule hybride rechargeable comporte une chaîne de tractionconventional thermal (with an internal combustion engine and a fuel tank) and an electric drivetrain (with an electric motor and an electric traction battery that can be charged from a power outlet).

[0009] Un tel véhicule hybride est susceptible d'être tracté par sa seule chaîne de traction electric, or by its thermal powertrain alone, or simultaneously by its two powertrains (electric and thermal). It is also possible to recharge the traction battery using the power developed by the internal combustion engine, or by recovering the kinetic energy generated by the vehicle during braking.

[0010] Un véhicule hybride rechargeable est donc à même de circuler dans des zones à zéroemission, thanks to its electric drive mode, which is a zero-emission mode. However, the vehicle's range when powered solely by its electric drivetrain is generally limited. Indeed, compared to a fully electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle has a limited range in electric driving mode. The range in kilometers of a plug-in hybrid vehicle is around one hundred kilometers, compared to several hundred kilometers for a fully electric vehicle.

[0011] On connaît du document US20220402477 A1, une méthode d’estimation d’une Energy consumption of an electric battery within a zero-emission zone. This estimate is used to determine a target energy level upstream of the zero-emission zone, so that the vehicle can cross it, and thus manage energy consumption appropriately.

[0012] Néanmoins, se pose alors la question de l’autonomie de la batterie électrique du plug-in hybrid vehicle when a driver has to deal with crossing several zero-emission zones.

[0013] Ainsi, notamment si le conducteur rencontre plusieurs ZZE distinctes au cours d’unDuring the journey, the driver faces the risk of not having enough battery power to cross these different low-emission zones. Presentation of the invention

[0014] Afin de remédier à l’inconvénient précité de l’état de la technique, la présente The invention proposes to help the driver adapt their behavior by estimating the missing range on the electric battery for each of the different ZZEs encountered on their journey.

[0015] Plus particulièrement, on propose selon l’invention une méthode de calcul d’une missing range for an electric battery of a plug-in hybrid vehicle, in which the following steps are planned: - acquisition of a route to be taken, the route passing through a first zero-emission zone and a second zero-emission zone distinct from the first, - division of the route into successive segments, the segments comprising two output segments corresponding to a last segment of the first zero-emission zone and a last segment of the second zero-emission zone, - calculation, successively for each segment of the route: - of an estimated variation in electrical energy on the segment, - of an electrical energy expected in the electric battery at the end of the segment, - if the segment corresponds to one of the two output segments, of a missing range as a function of the expected electrical energy, the missing range being recorded, - display of at least one data relating to the recorded missing ranges.

[0016] Ainsi, grâce à l’invention, le conducteur peut être averti suffisamment en amont en risk of insufficient range when crossing several distinct zero-emission zones.

[0017] Il peut alors adapter son comportement en fonction, afin d’éviter d’être immobiliséwithin a zero-emission zone due to a charging fault on the electric battery.

[0018] Par exemple, il peut passer d’un mode de roulage électrique, à un mode de roulage hybrid, in order to recharge or preserve the charge of the electric battery outside of zero-emission zones.

[0019] Ce basculement entre un mode de roulage électrique et un mode de roulage hybride can also be imposed by the on-board software of the hybrid vehicle.

[0020] Le fait d’avoir de la visibilité sur l’autonomie face à plusieurs zones à zéro émission advantageously allows the driver to be more proactive, for example, by planning a battery charging stage for the vehicle at an appropriate stage of their journey (for example before crossing a first ZZE, when their range would allow this crossing, if there is no possibility of charging between this first ZZE and a second ZZE).

[0021] D’autres caractéristiques avantageuses et non limitatives de la méthode conforme àThe invention, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations, is as follows: - the estimated electrical energy variation on the segment, the planned electrical energy, and the missing range respectively comprise an estimated electrical energy variation value on the segment in electric mode, a remaining energy value in electric mode, and a missing range in electric mode; - the estimated electrical energy variation on the segment, the planned electrical energy, and the missing range respectively comprise an electrical energy variation value estimated on the segment in hybrid mode, a remaining energy value in hybrid mode and a missing range in hybrid mode, - the electrical energy expected at the end of said segment is equal to the sum of the variation in electrical energy estimated on the segment and an electrical energy expected at the end of a segment immediately preceding the segment or is equal to the sum of the variation in electrical energy estimated on the segment and a minimum operating electrical energy, - a calculation of the electrical energy expected at the end of the segment is chosen by comparing said electrical energy expected in the electric battery to the minimum energy threshold, - during the step of dividing the journey into successive segments, each of the segments is associated with characteristic attributes and in which, during the calculation step, a calculation of the variation in electrical energy estimated on a segment is made as a function of the characteristic attributes associated with the segment,- During the calculation step, a calculation of the estimated variation in electrical energy over a segment is performed based on the characteristics of the plug-in hybrid vehicle. - During the calculation step, a calculation of the estimated variation in electrical energy over a segment is performed based on the driving behavior of said plug-in hybrid vehicle. - In the display step, at least one data point relating to said missing ranges includes a missing range value for the first zero-emission zone and a missing range value for the second zero-emission zone. - In the display step, at least one data point relating to missing ranges includes a total missing range value in the electric battery to cross the first and second zero-emission zones of the journey.

[0022] L’invention concerne également un véhicule hybride rechargeable, comprenant unethermal traction chain and an electric traction chain, characterized in that it further comprises a computer programmed to implement a calculation method having the characteristics listed above, taken individually or according to all possible combinations.

[0023] Bien entendu, les différentes caractéristiques, variantes et formes de réalisation de The inventions can be combined in various ways, provided they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. Detailed description of the invention

[0024] La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés, donnés à titre d’exemples non-limiting, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be implemented.

[0025] Sur les dessins annexés :

[0026] [Fig.1] représente schématiquement un véhicule hybride rechargeable adapté à mettre implement a method for calculating any missing autonomy in accordance with the invention;

[0027] [Fig.2] représente un exemple de trajet à effectuer par le véhicule hybride rechargeable from [Fig.1], this journey passing through zero-emission zones;

[0028] [Fig.3] est un tableau illustrant des valeurs d’attributs caractérisant des segments du path of the [Fig.2]

[0029] [Fig.4] est un organigramme représentant des étapes de la méthode de la [Fig.1], afin to complete the journey of [Fig.2];

[0030] [Fig.5] est un tableau illustrant des sorties déterminées lors de la mise en œuvre de la method of [Fig.4].

[0031] Sur la [Fig.1], on a représenté un véhicule automobile, comportant un châssis, celui-including supporting a powertrain, bodywork elements and interior components.

[0032] En particulier, sur la [Fig.1], le véhicule automobile représenté correspond à un plug-in hybrid vehicle 1, in which the powertrain comprises a thermal drive chain 10 and an electric drive chain 11.

[0033] La chaîne de traction thermique 10 comporte notamment un réservoir de carburant et an internal combustion engine powered by the tank.

[0034] La chaîne de traction électrique 11 comporte quant à elle, une batterie de traction et one or more electric motor(s) powered by electric current from the traction battery, also called electric battery 110.

[0035] Le véhicule hybride rechargeable 1 comporte également une prise de courant allowing the traction battery to be charged locally, for example on the electrical network of a home, or at a dedicated electric charging station.

[0036] La batterie de traction d’un véhicule hybride rechargeable 1 présente une énergieMaximum electric capacity typically varies from 5 kWh to 40 kWh. With such maximum electric energy values ​​on the traction battery, the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is thus likely to travel a distance ranging, for example, from 10 km to 200 km, before requiring a new charge of the traction battery.

[0037] Le véhicule hybride rechargeable 1 comprend également un système de geolocation 12 and a navigation system 13, the two systems sometimes being confused into a single system.

[0038] Le système de géolocalisation 12 comprend classiquement une antenne permettant to receive signals relating to the geolocated position of the vehicle, and the navigation system 13 includes memory for storing a map of a country, a region, a city, at least one input interface, and an output interface, for example a screen 130. This screen 130 allows to visually illustrate the geographical position of the vehicle on the map stored in memory 142.

[0039] Par exemple, cet écran 130 est ici tactile. Dans ce cas, l’écran 130 correspondalso to the navigation system input interface 13, allowing the driver to enter information. Alternatively, a navigation system input interface 13 may include voice control, via a microphone.

[0040] Le système de géolocalisation 12 (aussi appelé système GPS), outre recevoir la The positioning of the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is also suitable for implementing a geofencing function. Furthermore, the geolocation system 12 is also suitable for receiving connected and evolving real-time mapping data, for example, online mapping data such as Google Maps®.

[0041] Le véhicule comprend également une unité électrique de commande (ou ECU pour « Electronic Control Unit (in English), referred to here as calculator 14.

[0042] Ce calculateur 14 comprend un processeur 140 et une unité de mémorisation (appelée (hereafter referred to as "memory 142").

[0043] Notamment, le processeur 140 du calculateur 14 est adapté à mettre en œuvre unembedded software. This embedded software includes computer programs containing instructions; the execution of these instructions allows the various functions of the plug-in hybrid vehicle to be controlled.

[0044] Le calculateur 14 est connecté au système de navigation 13 et au système de geolocation 12 by a main inter-component communication network of the vehicle, for example a CAN data bus.

[0045] De plus, pour la mise en œuvre de l’invention, le calculateur 14 est ici connecté several sensors, which in particular allow us to know the instantaneous fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine, the instantaneous electrical current consumption of the electric motor(s), and the driving behavior (sporty, classic, calm, …) of the driver of the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1, etc.

[0046] Lors de déplacements, afin de se rendre d’une localisation de départ 20 à une arrival location 22, the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 takes a path, which is designated as route 2.

[0047] Dans le cadre de l’invention, ce trajet 2 est défini par le système de navigation 13 duplug-in hybrid vehicle 1, according to data communicated by the geolocation system 12, and data stored in the memory 142 of the navigation system 13.

[0048] Un tel trajet 2 est illustré sur la [Fig.2].

[0049] Ce trajet 2 peut comporter des portions comprises dans des zones à zéro émission, referred to as ZZE 31, 32, 33 in the rest of the description. This is particularly the case if the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is travelling in an urban area (i.e. a city).

[0050] Ces ZZE 31, 32, 33 correspondent à des périmètres géographiques définis dans urban space, where only modes of transport and vehicles with zero greenhouse gas emissions are tolerated.

[0051] Par « émission », il est notamment entendu émission d’espèces polluantes, comme for example, emission of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and / or emission of fine particles (PM10, PM2.5).

[0052] Afin d’améliorer la qualité de l’air, ainsi que la qualité de vie dans les espaces In urban areas, geographical zones, such as ZZE 31, 32, and 33 where emissions are regulated, are set to increase. Within these ZZE 31, 32, and 33 zones, only motorized vehicles with zero greenhouse gas emissions and equipped with geofencing capabilities are permitted to circulate.

[0053] Ces ZZE 31, 32, 33 peuvent par exemple être détectées grâce la fonction degeoreferencing of the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1. When driving within a ZZE 31, 32, 33, only the electric drive chain 11 of the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is used, in order to comply with emission regulations.

[0054] Le trajet 2 à parcourir est donc déterminé par le système de navigation 13, avant to be cut into 24 adjacent and successive segments.

[0055] Chaque segment 24 du trajet 2 est caractérisé par des attributs comprenant including an identifier number, a length of segment 24, a type of segment 24, a maximum authorized speed on segment 24, a statistical average speed, a road traffic speed, a slope, a criterion related to emission regulations for a geographical area where segment 24 is located.

[0056] A titre d’exemple, le numéro d’identifiant (noté n° sur la [Fig.3]) se présente sous la form of an integer locating segment 24 among successive segments 24 and corresponds to its order in a list.

[0057] La longueur L du segment 24 est ici exprimée en kilomètres.

[0058] Le type du segment 24 caractérise la route par une valeur numérique, par exemple «residential, city, national road, motorway, other… », where an attribute equal to 1 could, for example, correspond to a motorway, an attribute equal to 2 could correspond to a national road, an attribute equal to 3 to an urban area, etc.

[0059] La vitesse maximale autorisée v sur le segment 24 correspond à une vitesse regulatory, while the average statistical speed v m corresponds to an average speed measured on segment 24, and the speed of road traffic v t or speed Instantaneous is a speed actually observed on segment 24. These attributes are given by a numerical value in kilometers per hour (km / h) for example.

[0060] La pente correspond à un degré d’inclinaison de la route par rapport à l’horizontale of segment 24, expressed in degrees or as a percentage.

[0061] Le critère lié aux réglementations d’émission indique si oui (l’attribut prend alors the value 1) or not (the attribute then takes the value 0), segment 24 is located in a geographical area corresponding to a ZZE 31, 32, 33.

[0062] Face à la multiplication future des ZZE 31, 32, 33, le trajet 2 emprunté par leplug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is likely to cross several distinct geographical areas corresponding to different ZZE 31, 32, 33, as shown in [Fig.2].

[0063] Dans ce cas, le trajet 2 présente plusieurs ensembles de segments 24 successifs included in ZZE 31, 32, 33, the sets being separated by at least one segment 24 located outside of a ZZE 31, 32, 33.

[0064] Ces différents attributs ont des valeurs obtenues d’après des données communiquées by the geolocation system 12, for example through the geolocation function for the criterion related to emission regulations, or for road traffic speed, and data stored in the memory 142 of the navigation system 13.

[0065] Ces attributs sont communiqués au calculateur 14 par le système de navigation 13 in the form of a table as shown in [Fig.3]. Only a portion of the possible attributes are represented there.

[0066] Il est proposé dans le cadre de la présente description, une méthode de calcul d’une missing autonomy, for the electric battery 110 of the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1. This method being illustrated by the flowchart of [Fig.4].

[0067] En effet, afin d’assister le conducteur du véhicule hybride rechargeable 1 confronté àa journey 2 comprising several different ZZE 31, 32, 33, it is necessary to estimate an evolution of an available electrical energy on the electric battery 110 over the successive segments 24, in order to predict a possible missing autonomy, to cross the different ZZE 31, 32, 33 which comprise the journey 2.

[0068] Cette estimation de l’évolution d’une énergie électrique de la batterie électrique 110 in order to determine the possible missing autonomy on each of the different ZZE 31, 32, 33 is for example carried out several times during journey 2. It is thus possible to take into account the evolutions of the different parameters involved in the estimation.

[0069] De plus, et de manière avantageuse, cette estimation est faite pour les deux modes de driving modes available on the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1, i.e. an electric driving mode and a hybrid driving mode.

[0070] Le mode de roulage purement électrique, ou mode électrique, correspond à un driving mode (or driving mode) where the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 uses only its electric drivetrain 11, powered by the electric battery 110, on the different segments 24 of the journey 2.

[0071] Le mode de roulage hybride, ou mode hybride, correspond à un mode de roulage(or default driving mode) of the vehicle. In this default mode, the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 optimally uses its thermal drive system 10 and its electric drive system 11 to propel itself on the different segments 24 of the journey 2, except for the segments 24 located in geographical areas associated with ZZE 31, 32, 33. On these segments 24, the electric driving mode is imposed.

[0072] Les estimations d’énergie électrique disponible sur la batterie électrique 110 diffèrent This largely depends on whether the driver has adopted one of the driving modes on the preceding segments (24) or on segments 31, 32, and 33. It is therefore advantageous to consider the driver's free will. Indeed, the driver may prefer and therefore choose one or the other driving mode.

[0073] La méthode proposée est mise en œuvre conjointement par le système de navigation 13, the geolocation system 12, and the calculator 14.

[0074] La méthode comprend en résumé les étapes principales suivantes :- acquisition S51 of a journey 2 to be carried out, - division S52 of said journey 2 into successive segments 24, - calculation S53, iteratively for all segments 24 of journey 2: - of an estimated variation of electrical energy on segment 24, - of an electrical energy expected in the electric battery 110 at the end of segment 24, - If conditions related to an exit from a ZZE 31, 32, 33 are met, of a missing range, depending on the expected electrical energy, the missing range being recorded, - display S54 to the driver of at least one data relating to the missing ranges recorded during the iterations.

[0075] Certaines des étapes principales de la méthode, en particulier l’étape de calcul S53 and display S54 are executed here at the start of the journey and then at regular time intervals, for example once every three minutes, in order to fine-tune accuracy of the estimate provided to the driver as they travel the route. Here, we will only describe the implementation of these steps at the start of the journey.

[0076] De manière alternative, les étapes susmentionnées peuvent être répétée dès qu’unsignificant change of state was detected by one of the sensors of the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1, for example when the total weight of the vehicle increases or decreases, in order to take into account this variation in mass during the calculation step S53.

[0077] Une première étape, aussi appelée étape d’acquisition S51, comprend une acquisition of a journey 2 to be carried out by the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1.

[0078] Cette première étape est par exemple opérée lors du démarrage du véhicule automobile.

[0079] Ici, le conducteur utilise l’écran 130 tactile du système de navigation 13 pour define an arrival location 22. The navigation system 13, taking into account a departure location 20 provided by the geolocation system 12 and the data stored in memory 142, calculates a route 2 to be taken, taking into account, for example, the driver's preferences, such as the duration of the route 2, the type of road, etc.

[0080] L’ensemble de la méthode est réinitialisé à partir de l’étape d’acquisition S51 en cas route modification 2.

[0081] En variante, le trajet 2 peut être acquis via une commande vocale du conducteur, ou taking into account the driver's habits, in order to automatically deduce an arrival location 22, for example, his place of work.

[0082] La deuxième étape, à savoir l’étape de division S52, consiste à diviser le trajet 2 ensuccessive segments 24, and to aggregate the attributes characterizing these segments 24, in order to form a table listing the associated attributes for the different segments 24. As a reminder, such a table is represented in [Fig.3].

[0083] Cette étape est opérée par le système de navigation 13, en fonction du trajet 2, des data stored in memory, but also data collected by the geofencing function or data from online mapping, for example from Google Maps®. Thus, the table's attribute values ​​may change during route 2.

[0084] L’étape de calcul S53 est mise en œuvre par une fonction de calcul du logiciel embedded. The function comprises six sub-functions detailed below. These six sub-functions are shown in [Fig.4].

[0085] La fonction de calcul est exécutée de manière itérative, via une boucle FOR iterating through the values ​​of the route identifiers 2. An index of the FOR loop, denoted s, therefore successively takes a value from 1 to s f where f corresponds to the number identifying the last segment 24 of route 2.

[0086] Par exemple, et de manière non-limitative, sf peut être égal à 18, dans le cas où le Route 2 is divided into seventeen segments 24, numbered from 1 to 18.

[0087] Ainsi, pour chacun des segments 24 du trajet 2, les six sous-fonctions sont exécutéssuccessively, by incrementing the value of the index s successively by steps of 1 between each execution.

[0088] La fonction de calcul est initialisée lors d’une étape INIT. Durant cette initialisation, output variables and internal variables are set to zero, or initialized to a value measured by a sensor and sent to the computer 14.

[0089] Des variables de sortie déterminées par la fonction de calcul sont représentées sous form of a table shown in [Fig.5].

[0090] Une première sous fonction 531 de la fonction de calcul détermine et renvoie la distance remaining to be traveled on segment 24 with index s. In particular, this distance is equal to the length of the segment, except for the segment that the vehicle travels.

[0091] Pour cela, la première sous fonction 531 reçoit en variable d’entrée : - a table listing, for the different segments 24 of the path 2, the length L of these segments 24, - an index s inst corresponding to the identification number of segment 24 on which the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is currently located - a remaining distance to be covered on segment 24 with index s instThis refers to the remaining distance to be covered on segment 24, where the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is located at the time the calculation function is executed. This segment 24, where the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is located, is also called the current segment 24, or the instantaneous segment 24.

[0092] Par exemple, le tableau listant la distance des segments 24 du trajet 2 est envoyé by the navigation system 13. In particular, this table can be created from the table in [Fig. 3]. Here, the table gives more precisely the cumulative length of the 24 segments, the length being accumulated from the first segment 24 of the route. Alternatively, the table could directly list the length of each of the 24 segments.

[0093] L’indice sinst correspondant au numéro identifiant du segment 24 sur lequel le Plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is currently located and is sent by the navigation system 13.

[0094] La distance restante à parcourir sur le segment 24 d’indice sinst est renvoyée par another function of the embedded software.

[0095] La première sous fonction 531 calcule la distance à parcourir sur le segment 24 indexed as follows:

[0096] Si s > sinst alors la distance ds est égale à la distance du segment 24 d’indice s telle que determined from the table.

[0097] Dit autrement, si le véhicule hybride rechargeable n’a pas encore atteint le segment 24 index s, then, the distance d sto travel on segment 24 with index s is equal to the total distance of segment 24.

[0098] Si s=sinst, alors le véhicule est actuellement localisé sur le segment 24 considéré dans the loop of the calculation function. The distance d s is equal to the remaining distance to be traveled on segment 24 with index s inst .

[0099] Enfin, si s < sinst,la distance ds est nulle. En effet, dans ce cas, le véhicule hybride rechargeable 1 has already passed segment 24 with index s considered in the loop of the calculation function.

[0100] La première sous fonction 531 renvoie donc une valeur numérique, donnée en kilometers, as shown in the second column of the table in [Fig.5].

[0101] Une deuxième sous-fonction 532 renvoie des variables calculées par une fonction third of the embedded software, estimating energy variations per kilometer.

[0102] En particulier, la deuxième sous-fonction 532 renvoie des variations d’énergie electric per kilometer, on segment 24 with index s, comprising a minimum value of variation of electric energy per kilometer on segment 24 with index s, and a maximum value of variation of electric energy per kilometer on segment 24 with index s.

[0103] La valeur de variation maximale d’énergie électrique par kilomètreon segment 24 of index s corresponds to a kilometer variation of the electrical energy available on the electric battery 110 when the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 operates in hybrid mode, i.e. using its thermal drive chain 10 to the maximum of its capacity in order to recharge the electric battery 110.

[0104] La valeur de variation minimale d’énergie électrique par kilomètre sur le segment 24 with index s corresponds to a kilometer variation of the electrical energy available on the electric battery 110 when the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 operates in pure electric mode, i.e. using only its electric drive chain 11 with the electric battery 110 as the sole source of energy.

[0105] Ces valeurs de variation d’énergie électrique par kilomètre , on segment 24 index s are given in watt-hours per kilometer (wh / km), and represent a variation of the electrical energy available on the electric battery 110 per kilometer traveled.

[0106] Dit autrement, les valeurs de variation d’énergie électrique par kilomètre sur lesegment 24 with index s represents an energy cost per kilometer generated by the journey of the rechargeable electric vehicle on this segment 24. These values ​​thus represent a charge or discharge of the electric battery 110, depending on the positive sign (charge) or negative sign (discharge).

[0107] La deuxième sous-fonction 532 renvoie également une valeur d’état de charge Maximum state of charge (SOC) of the 110 battery on segment 24. This maximum state of charge value characterizes the maximum electrical energy in the 110 battery for segment 24. It is expressed as a percentage of the battery's charge. This maximum state of charge value is estimated for driving in pure electric mode.

[0108] La fonction tierce estimant pour le segment 24 d’indice s, les variations minimalesand maximum electrical energy per kilometer, and the maximum state of charge, is a function for estimating energy consumption. Such a function is used within the framework of an energy optimization method, as described, for example, in documents FR3061471 B1, or FR3038277 B1, and more particularly in document FR3061470 B1.

[0109] La fonction tierce prend en compte des données du trajet 2, par exemple, le tableau listing for the different segments 24, the associated attributes, driver behavior, vehicle mass, and characteristics of the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1.

[0110] Par comportement du conducteur, il est par exemple entendu une conduite relaxée or sporty. This behavior does indeed influence the energy consumption of the hybrid vehicle.

[0111] Par caractéristiques du véhicule hybride rechargeable 1, il est entendu par exemple mechanical data, a vehicle model, etc.

[0112] La fonction peut par exemple, renvoyer les variables estimées sous la forme d’un table listing the estimates obtained for each of the 24 segments of route 2.

[0113] Par ailleurs, c’est cette fonction tierce d’estimation de la consommation énergétiquewhich imposes, if segment 24 with index s is included within a geographical area of ​​a ZZE 31, 32, 33, a minimum value of variation in electrical energy per kilometer equal to a maximum variation in electrical energy per kilometer. Indeed, on these 24 segments, electric driving mode is mandatory.

[0114] Le résultat de la deuxième fonction est illustré par la troisième colonne du tableau de the [Fig.5].

[0115] Une troisième sous-fonction 533 prend en entrée les sorties de la première sous- function 531 and the second sub-function 532, in order to determine an estimated variation of electrical energy, on segment 24 with index s.

[0116] Plus précisément, la troisième sous-fonction 533 renvoie une variation maximale of electrical energy and a minimum variation of electrical energy over the entire segment 24 with index s from the estimates obtained by the second sub-function 532. Unlike the second sub-function 532, the third sub-function 533 takes into account the distance d s of segment 24 of index s.

[0117] La variation minimale d’énergie électrique est donnée par la formule suivante :

[0118]

[0119] Cette valeur de variation minimale d’énergie électrique correspond à une variation of electrical energy on the electric battery 110 for an electric mode.

[0120] De même, la valeur de variation maximale d’énergie électrique est given by the following formula:

[0121]

[0122] Cette valeur de variation maximale d’énergie électrique correspond à une variation of electrical energy on the electric battery 110 for a hybrid mode, or electric if the segment 24 of index s is included in a zero emission zone.

[0123] L’enchaînement des première, deuxième et troisième sous-fonctions 531, 532, 533 made it possible to calculate an estimated variation in electrical energy on segment 24 of index s.

[0124] La quatrième sous-fonction 534 calcule l’énergie électrique prévue dans la batterie electric 110, at the end of segment 24 with index s, taking into account the preceding segments 24.

[0125] La quatrième sous-fonction 534 prend en entrée : - the estimated variation in electrical energy on segment 24 with index s, including the maximum variation in electrical energy, - the minimum variation in electrical energy, - the maximum state of charge value, - a target state of charge value, - an equivalence factor, - the table listing the associated attributes for the different segments 24, - the index s inst of segment 24 on which the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is currently located.

[0126] L’énergie électrique prévue dans la batterie électrique , à la fin du segmentThe index 24 is calculated in hybrid and electric modes, taking into account respectively of the maximum variation of electrical energy and the minimum variation of electrical energy.

[0127] La quatrième sous-fonction 534 calcule en premier lieu un seuil d’énergie minimale in the following way:

[0128] Où correspond au seuil d’énergie minimale donné en Wh, correspond au The equivalence factor in Wh / % corresponds to the target state of charge value in % and to a given margin in Wh. It advantageously allows for consideration of potential estimation errors in the third-party function that determines the estimated energy consumption.

[0129] Ici, dans l’exemple proposé dans la figure 5, le seuil d’énergie minimale est equal to 20 kWh, with a margin of 10 Wh, an equivalence factor of 1 kWh / %, and a target state of charge value of 20%. These values ​​may vary depending on the characteristics of route 2.

[0130] La valeur utilisée pour la marge est issue d’une interpolation linéaire enregistrée dansMemory 142 of the computer 14. Its value depends on the maximum electrical energy allowed in the battery 110. For example, the car manufacturer may decide that if the battery capacity is 2000 Wh, then the margin is 1000 Wh, or if it is 20 kWh, then the margin is 500 Wh. In other words, the higher the battery capacity, the lower the margin can be.

[0131] L’énergie électrique prévue dans la batterie électrique 110 , à la fin du Segment 24 with index s for a hybrid mode is calculated as follows:

[0133] Où est égal à l’énergie électrique prévue dans la batterie électrique 110 à la fin of segment 24 with index s-1 for a hybrid mode.

[0134] Dans le cas particulier où l’indice s est strictement inférieur à , alors :

[0135] ,

[0136] où correspond à une énergie électrique instantanée mesurée par un capteur.

[0137] Ainsi, puisqu’il s’agit d’un calcul itératif, à chaque itération, la valeur de l’énergie the electrical energy expected in the battery on the previous segment 24 is incremented by the variation of the electrical energy for the segment 24 with index s.

[0138] Suivant le même raisonnement, l’énergie électrique prévue dans la batterie électrique 110 at the end of segment 24 with index s for an electric mode is calculated as follows:

[0140] Où est égal à l’énergie électrique prévue dans la batterie électrique 110 à la fin of segment 24 with index s-1 for an electric mode.

[0141] Dans le cas particulier où l’indice s est strictement inférieur à , alors :

[0142] ,

[0143] où correspond à l’énergie électrique instantanée mesurée par un capteur.

[0144] Néanmoins, la valeur d’énergie électrique prévue dans la batterie électrique 110 At the end of segment 24 with index s, whether in hybrid or electric driving mode, the battery capacity is saturated by the maximum electrical energy that can be stored in the segment with index s. This maximum electrical energy that can be stored in the battery for a given segment 24 is limited relative to the maximum energy, in order to preserve battery life.

[0145] Ainsi, si : alors on applique un seuil et / ou si : then we apply a threshold.

[0146] Cette énergie électrique maximale pouvant être stockée dans la batterie électrique 110 on the segment with index s is determined as follows: , where is determined by the second sub-function 532.

[0147] De plus, si une sortie de ZZE 31, 32, 33 est détectée entre le segment 24 d’indices, and the preceding segment 24, indexed s-1, and that the electrical energy expected in the electric battery 110 at the end of segment 24, indexed s, for hybrid or electric mode is less than this means that, from segment 24, indexed s (inclusive), the plug-in hybrid vehicle no longer has sufficient charge on its electric battery 110 to continue driving in pure electric mode. This means, in particular, that the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 lacked electrical energy during the ZZE 31, 32, 33 from which it has just exited.

[0148] Il est donc fait l’hypothèse que durant la ZZE 31, 32, 33, le conducteur a rechargé the electric battery 110 of his vehicle, so that upon exiting the ZZE, the electric battery has an electrical energy equal to the minimum energy threshold.

[0149] Cette hypothèse de recharge se traduit de la manière suivante :

[0150] et / ou , si la condition est vérifiée.

[0151] La cinquième sous-fonction 535 détermine après le segment 24 d’indice s, siThe plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 exits a ZZE 31, 32, 33. In other words, the fifth sub-function 535 determines whether segment 24 with index s is the last among a succession of segment 24 included in the geographical area of ​​a ZZE 31, 32, 33. In this case, there is an exit from the geographical area of ​​the ZZE 31, 32, 33 following segment 24 with index s.

[0152] La cinquième sous-fonction 535 renvoie une valeur égale à 1 si c’est le cas, et une value equal to 0 in the opposite case.

[0153] Dit autrement, la cinquième sous-fonction 535 renvoie la valeur 1 si le segment 24 The segment with index s is within the geographical boundaries of a ZZE 31, 32, 33, and the following segment 24, with index s+1, is not within these geographical boundaries. Otherwise, the fifth sub-function 535 returns the value 0.

[0154] Un exemple de valeurs obtenues suites à l’exécution de la cinquième sous-fonction 535 is illustrated in the sixth column of the table in [Fig.5].

[0155] La sixième sous-fonction 536 détermine, le cas échéant, une autonomie manquante , , for the ZZE 31, 32, 33 within which segment 24 with index s is located. The sixth sub-function 536 returns a missing autonomy when the fifth sub-function returns the value 1.

[0156] Plus précisément, la sixième sous-fonction 536 détermine pour la ZZE 31, 32, 33corresponding, a missing range value for hybrid mode, and a missing range value for electric mode.

[0157] Pour cela, la sixième sous-fonction 536 prend en variables d’entrée l’énergie electric intended in the electric battery 110, at the end of segment 24 of index s returned by the fourth sub-function 534, and the value returned by the fifth sub-function 535.

[0158] Si une sortie de ZZE 31, 32, 33 est détectée après le segment 24 d’indice s, c’est- that is to say if the value returned by the fifth sub-function 535 is equal to 1, then the sixth sub-function 536 returns the missing autonomy, , on the ZZE 31, 32, 33 corresponding to the segment 24 of index s.

[0159] Dans le cas contraire, i.e. la cinquième sous-fonction 535 renvoie la valeur 0, la sixth sub-function 536 has no output variable.

[0160] Ainsi, la sixième sous-fonction 536 renvoie une variable de sortie qu’une seule fois for each of the segments 24 included in the geographical perimeter of a given ZZE 31, 32, 33, when an exit from this ZZE 31, 32, 33 is detected by the fifth sub-function 535.

[0161] Dans le cas où la cinquième sous-fonction 535 renvoie une valeur égale à 1, alors The missing autonomy value for ZZE 31, 32, 33 in which segment 24 with index s is included is given by the following formulas:

[0162] si et sinon, dans lein the case of hybrid driving, where the range is given as a percentage; and of hybrid driving, where the range is given as a percentage.

[0164] De manière alternative, l’autonomie manquante , , peut être given in Wh.

[0165] Ainsi, la fonction de calcul du logiciel embarquée mise en œuvre lors de l’étape de Calculation S53 successively returns for each of the distinct ZZE 31, 32, 33 which will be crossed by the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 on its journey 2, a missing range, including a missing range value in hybrid driving mode and a missing range value in electric driving mode.

[0166] Ces valeurs d’autonomie renvoyées successivement pour les différentes ZZE 31, 32, 33 distinct values ​​included in path 2 are stored within calculator 14. For example, the different values ​​returned by the sixth sub-function 536 are stored within an array.

[0167] Lors de l’étape d’affichage S54, les valeurs d’autonomie manquante sur les Different ZZE 31, 32, 33 of route 2 are displayed to the driver.

[0168] Par exemple, une autonomie manquante , , pour la prochaine ZZE 31, 32, 33, relative to the current location of the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 is displayed to the driver on the screen 130 of the navigation system 13.

[0169] En variante, une autonomie totale manquante sur la batterie électrique 110 en vueThe driver can be shown whether to complete journey 2 in its entirety in one driving mode or the other.

[0170] De manière avantageuse, la méthode proposée s’adapte au nombre de ZZE 31, 32, 33 encountered during journey 2. In particular, the method described is adapted to situations where several ZZE 31, 32, 33 are encountered during journey 2. In this case, a forecast on all the ZZE 31, 32, 33 encountered offers the driver better planning for his journey 2.

[0171] Toujours de manière avantageuse, la méthode prend en compte à la fois un mode de The system uses hybrid driving and an electric driving mode during its calculations. The driver thus has a free choice between traveling route 2 in electric or hybrid mode, fully aware of the available range.

[0172] La [Fig.5] illustre la mise en œuvre de l’étape de calcul S53, notamment, les valeurs determined by the different sub-functions, and their evolution from segment 24 to segment 24. This table is given for illustrative purposes only and is in no way exhaustive.

[0173] Ce tableau est déterminé pour un cas où sinst est égal à 1, avec une distance restanteto travel the instantaneous segment 24 equals 2 km. Furthermore, it is assumed that the constant variables used in the calculation function take the following values:

[0174] =20 kWh, = 600 Wh, = 10 kWh, =1 kWh, = 200 Wh / %.

[0175] Ainsi, les segments 24 d’indices de 2 à 4 inclus, correspondent à une portion du trajet 2 included in the surveyor's perimeter of a first ZZE 31.

[0176] En particulier, le segment 24 d’indice s égal à 4, correspond à une situation où la sixth sub-function 536 calculates the missing autonomy on the electric battery 110 is calculated, because an output of ZZE 31, 32, 33 is detected by the fifth sub-function 535.

[0177] La valeur autonomie manquante pour la première ZZE 31 est égale à 0% pour les two driving modes, meaning that the plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 has the necessary electrical energy to cross this first ZZE 31 regardless of the driving mode used before reaching this ZZE.

[0178] Les segments 24 d’indice allant de 9 à 12 correspondent à la traversée d’uneThe second ZZE 32 is distinct from the first. Specifically, since segment 24 with index 12 corresponds to the last segment 24 of this second ZZE 32, the sixth function calculates a missing range on this second ZZE 32. Here, there is a 30.8% missing range on the 110 electric battery, assuming electric mode has been engaged. If the plug-in hybrid vehicle is driven in hybrid mode outside of the ZZE zones, there is no missing range issue when crossing the second ZZE 32.

[0179] Dans le cas où le conducteur a adopté le mode électrique, il est supposé au segment 24 of index 13, that the driver has taken the necessary steps before or during the second ZZE 32 to have at least the minimum threshold of electrical energy at the exit of the ZZE 32. A message may also be displayed in the driver's view to indicate that they should carry out this necessary charging or change driving mode, for example switch to hybrid mode in order to cross the ZZE 32.

[0180] Ainsi, sur le segment 24 d’indice 13, = 26 kWh.

[0181] Les segments 24 d’indice variant entre 14 et 17 sont compris dans le périmètre geographical of a third ZZE 33.

[0182] En particulier, pour le segment 24 d’indice 17, l’autonomie manquante en modehybrid is equal to = 1%, while the missing range in electric mode is equal to = 14.2%. As with segment 24 indexed 13, segment 24 indexed 18 assumes that the driver took the necessary steps to exit the ZZE 33 with sufficient electrical energy. On this segment 24 indexed 18,

[0183] La présente invention n’est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et represented, but a person skilled in the art will be able to make any variation in accordance with the invention.

[0184] Par exemple, l’autonomie manquante pourrait être calculée uniquement pour un des Two driving modes are available, for example, electric mode only, or conversely, hybrid mode only. It is possible to calculate the remaining range in hybrid mode only after a certain number of ZZE (Zero Zero Electric Vehicle) readings. Alternatively, it is also possible to calculate the remaining range in electric mode only if the battery's electrical charge falls below a certain threshold.

Claims

Claims

1. A method for calculating the missing range for an electric battery (110) of a plug-in hybrid vehicle (1), wherein the following steps are provided: - acquisition (S51) of a route (2) to be taken, said route (2) passing through a first zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33) and a second zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33) distinct from the first zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33), - division (S52) of said route (2) into successive segments (24), said segments (24) comprising two exit segments (24) corresponding to a final segment (24) of the first zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33) and a final segment (24) of the second zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33), - calculation (S53), successively for each segment (24) of the route (2): - of an estimated variation in electrical energy, ) on said segment (24), - of electrical energy expected in the electric battery , ) at the end of said segment (24), - if said segment (24) corresponds to one of the two output segments (24), of a missing autonomy , ) as a function of said expected electrical energy, said missing autonomy , ) being recorded, - display (S54) of at least one data point relating to said missing autonomy ( , ) recorded.

2. Calculation method according to claim 1, wherein said estimated electrical energy variation , on said segment (24), said expected electrical energy ( , ) and said missing autonomy , ) respectively comprise an estimated electrical variation value segment (24) in electric mode, a predicted electric energy value ( ) in electric mode and a missing range ( ) in electric mode.

3. Calculation method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein said estimated electric energy variation (, ) on said segment (24), said predicted electric energy, ) and said missing range ( , ) respectively comprise an estimated electric variation value ( ) on said segment (24) in hybrid mode, a predicted electric energy value ( ) in hybrid mode and a missing range ( ) in hybrid mode.

4. A calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said electrical energy expected in the electric battery ( , ) at the end of said segment (24) is equal to the sum of said estimated electrical energy variation ( , ) over said segment (24) and an electrical energy expected in the electric battery ( , ) at the end of a segment immediately preceding said segment (24) or is equal to the sum of said estimated electrical energy variation ( , ) over said segment (24) and a minimum energy threshold ( ).

5. A calculation method according to claim 4, wherein a calculation of said expected electrical energy ( , ) at the end of said segment (24) is chosen by comparing said expected electrical energy in the electric battery ( , ) to said minimum energy threshold ( ).

6. A calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, during the division step (S52), each of the segments (24) is associated with characteristic attributes and wherein, during the calculation step (S53), a calculation of said estimated electrical energy variation ( , ) on a segment (24) is performed as a function of the characteristic attributes associated with said segment (24).

7. A calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, during the calculation step (S53), a calculation of said estimated electrical energy variation ( , ) on a segment (24) is performed as a function of the characteristics of the plug-in hybrid vehicle (1).

8. A calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, during the calculation step (S53), a calculation of said estimated electrical energy variation ( ,. sur unsegment (24) is based on the behavior of a driver of said plug-in hybrid vehicle (1).

9. Calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at the display step (S54), the at least one data point relating to said missing ranges ( , ) includes a missing range value in the first zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33) and a missing range value in the second zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33).

10. Calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein at the display step (S54), the at least one data point relating to said missing ranges ( ) includes a total missing range value in the electric battery to cross the first zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33) and the second zero-emission zone (31, 32, 33) of the journey (2).

11. Plug-in hybrid vehicle (1) comprising a thermal drivetrain (10) and an electric drivetrain (11), characterized in that it further comprises a computer (14) programmed to implement a calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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