Sowing method for improving yield of vicia sativa

Abstract

A sowing method for improving the yield of Vicia sativa, which method comprises: uniformly applying calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride to a field, performing a rotary tillage treatment, and then leveling the ground; performing manual furrowing for sowing, wherein the sowing depth is 3 to 4 cm, the sowing rate is 18 to 35 kg / hectare, and the row spacing is 20 to 50 cm; performing prompt weeding, wherein a herbicide is used for weeding from a sowing stage to a seedling stage, and manual weeding is performed after a flowering stage; and performing prompt control of pests and diseases during the growth of Vicia sativa. By means of controlling the sowing rate and the row spacing, the aims of controlling the harvest of fresh grass and straw or seeds, and increasing the yield of Vicia sativa are achieved.

Description

Seeding method for increasing yield of arrow-shaped pea TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of crop yield increasing planting, more particularly, it relates to a seeding method for increasing yield of arrow-shaped pea. BACKGROUND

[0002] Arrow-shaped pea (Vicia sativa) belongs to annual or perennial leaf roll semi-climbing leguminous herb, and is one of traditional agricultural planting green manure crops, which has the effects of improving soil physical and chemical properties, increasing soil microbial quantity and diversity, and improving soil fertility. With the transfer of planting labor force, and the low yield and low benefit of winter wheat or rape in some areas, the land is idle after rice is harvested, which not only wastes a large amount of light and heat resources, but also does not meet the requirements of modern agriculture on farmland quality and agricultural environment.

[0003] SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a seeding method for increasing yield of arrow-shaped pea to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions.

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present application is to provide a seeding method for increasing yield of arrow-shaped pea, which comprises the following steps.

[0007] S1, uniformly spreading superphosphoric acid calcium and potassium chloride in the field, and then leveling the ground after rotary tillage treatment;

[0008] S2, seeding: manually digging and seeding, the seeding depth is 3-4 cm, the seeding amount is 18-35 kg / ha, and the row spacing is 20-50 cm;

[0009] S3, field management: timely weeding, using herbicide for weeding from seeding to seedling stage, and using manual weeding after flowering period; and timely preventing and controlling diseases and pests during the growth period of the pea.

[0010] Further, the content of effective component P2O5 in the superphosphoric acid calcium is 12%.

[0011] Preferably, the application amount of the superphosphoric acid calcium is 375 kg / ha.

[0012] Further, the content of effective component K2O in the potassium chloride is 60%.

[0013] Preferably, the application amount of the potassium chloride is 50 kg / ha.

[0014] Further, the rotary tillage depth is 20-35 cm.

[0015] Further, the seeding amount is one of 18.75 kg / ha, 26.25 kg / ha and 33.75 kg / ha.

[0016] Further, the row spacing is one of 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm and 50 cm.

[0017] The present application discloses the following technical effects:

[0018] When the planting method is used, under the strip planting mode of arrow-shaped pea, the seed yield is the highest at a seeding amount of 26.25 kg / ha and a row spacing of 30 cm, reaching 3753 kg / ha, followed by a seeding amount of 33.75 kg / ha, a row spacing of 40 cm and a seeding amount of 33.75 kg / ha, a row spacing of 30 cm; the fresh grass and straw yields are the highest at a seeding amount of 33.75 kg / ha and a row spacing of 20 cm, reaching 35910 and 168781 kg / ha, respectively, followed by a seeding amount of 33.75 kg / ha, a row spacing of 30 cm and a seeding amount of 33.75 kg / ha, a row spacing of 40 cm. Therefore, for the purpose of harvesting fresh grass and straw yield, the combination of a seeding amount of 33.75 kg / ha and a row spacing of 20 cm is preferred, and for the purpose of harvesting seed yield, the combination of a seeding amount of 26.25 kg / ha and a row spacing of 30 cm is preferred. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Fig. 1 is the influence of different seeding amounts and row spacings on the seed, fresh grass and straw yields of arrow-shaped pea in Examples 1-3, wherein a is the seed yield, b is the fresh grass yield and c is the straw yield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The effective component P2O5 content in the superphosphate used in the specific embodiment of the present application is 12%; the effective component K2O content in the potassium chloride used is 60%.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The seeding method for improving the yield of arrow-shaped pea comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1, uniformly spreading superphosphate (375 kg / ha) and potassium chloride (50 kg / ha) on the field, and then rotary cultivating (35 cm) and leveling the ground;

[0024] S2, seeding: manually digging a ditch for seeding, with a seeding depth of 4 cm, a seeding amount of 18.75 kg / ha and a row spacing of 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm or 50 cm;

[0025] S3, field management: timely weeding, using herbicide for weeding from sowing to seedling stage, using manual weeding after flowering stage; and timely disease and pest control during the growth of the pea.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the seeding amount in step S2 is 26.25 kg / ha.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the seeding amount in step S2 is 33.75 kg / ha.

[0030] Test Example

[0031] The planting methods of Examples 1-3 were used to plant the arrow pea in a subtropical to warm temperate transition zone with climate conditions of 1900-2100 h of annual average sunshine, 15.1-15.3 °C of annual average temperature, 900-1400 mm of annual average precipitation, and 77% of annual average relative humidity. The planting soil was yellow-brown gley paddy soil, and the organic matter content of the 0-20 cm soil layer was 17.1 g / kg, the total nitrogen was 1.3 g / kg, the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was 55.4 mg / kg, the available phosphorus was 12.5 mg / kg, the available potassium was 75.2 mg / kg, and the pH was 6.5. In each of Examples 1-3, four treatments were set up. At the full flowering stage, 5-10 plants with uniform growth were randomly selected from each treatment, and the number of flowers on the main stem was investigated and recorded, and the plant height, stem diameter, leaflet number, number of branches per plant, plant weight, and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of the middle layer leaves were measured. At the mature stage, 10 plants were randomly selected to investigate the related indicators of seed setting, including the number of pods on the main stem (seeded pod number, unfruitful pod number (shriveled pod)), seed number, grain weight, number of nodes on the main stem, initial pod height, initial pod number, pod number, and number of branches per plant. The pod setting rate and pod fruit setting rate were calculated according to the test results.

[0032] Pod setting rate (%) = total number of pods at the mature stage / total number of flowers at the full flowering stage x 100%;

[0033] Pod fruit setting rate (%) = seeded pod number / total number of pods x 100%.

[0034] Fresh grass yield: 1 m 2 of each plot was selected at the full flowering stage, and the fresh grass yield was measured, with 3 replicates for each treatment.

[0035] Seed and straw yield: 1 m 2 of each plot was selected at the mature stage, the pod fruits were picked and naturally air-dried to remove the hulls, the seed yield was measured, the aboveground straw was cut and weighed to determine the straw yield, and 3 replicates were performed for each treatment.

[0036] Table 1-3 are the effects of the planting methods of Examples 1-3 on the agronomic traits of arrow pea at the flowering stage.

[0037] Table 1

[0038] Table 2

[0039] Table 3

[0040] As can be seen from Tables 1-3, when the seeding rate is constant, the plant height increases first and then decreases with the increase of row spacing, and the maximum value is obtained at row spacing of 30 cm and 40 cm, and is significantly higher than that of other row spacing treatments; when the row spacing is constant, the plant height gradually increases with the increase of seeding rate, and the plant height at the seeding rate of 33.75 kg / ha is significantly higher than that of other seeding rate treatments. When the seeding rate is constant, the stem diameter gradually decreases with the increase of row spacing, and the maximum value is obtained at row spacing of 20 cm; when the row spacing is constant, the stem diameter gradually decreases with the increase of seeding rate, and the maximum value is obtained at the seeding rate of 18.75 kg / ha. When the seeding rate is constant, the branch number gradually decreases with the increase of row spacing, and the maximum value is obtained at row spacing of 20 cm; when the row spacing is constant, the branch number gradually decreases with the increase of seeding rate, and the maximum value is obtained at the seeding rate of 18.75 kg / ha. When the seeding rate is constant, the fresh and dry weight per plant increases first and then decreases with the increase of row spacing; at row spacing of 20 cm and 50 cm, the fresh and dry weight per plant gradually decreases with the increase of seeding rate, at row spacing of 30 cm and 40 cm, the fresh and dry weight per plant increases first and then decreases with the increase of seeding rate, and the maximum value is obtained at the seeding rate of 26.25 kg / ha, which indicates that the greater the seeding rate is, the smaller the fresh and dry weight per plant is when the row spacing is too narrow or too wide, and the suitable seeding rate and row spacing configuration is beneficial to the formation of fresh and dry weight per plant. When the seeding rate is 18.75 kg / ha, the SPAD value gradually increases with the increase of row spacing, when the seeding rate is 26.25 and 33.75 kg / ha, the SPAD value increases first and then decreases with the increase of row spacing, and the maximum value is obtained at row spacing of 30 cm and 40 cm, respectively; when the row spacing is constant, the SPAD value gradually increases with the increase of seeding rate.

[0041] Figure 1 is the effect of different sowing rates and row spacings on seed, fresh grass and straw yield of arrowhead pea in Examples 1-3, wherein a is seed yield, b is fresh grass yield, and c is straw yield. As shown in Figure 1, when the sowing rate is constant, the seed yield increases first and then decreases with the increase of row spacing, and the fresh grass and straw yield decreases with the increase of row spacing. When the sowing rate is 18.75 kg / ha, the seed yield is the highest at a row spacing of 30 cm; when the sowing rate is 26.25 kg / ha, the seed yield is the highest at a row spacing of 30 cm; when the sowing rate is 33.75 kg / ha, the seed yield is the highest at a row spacing of 40 cm; and the fresh grass and straw yield is the highest at a row spacing of 20 cm. When the row spacing is constant, the fresh grass and straw yield gradually increases with the increase of sowing rate, and the yield is the highest at a sowing rate of 33.75 kg / ha, indicating that high sowing rate and narrow row spacing are beneficial to obtain higher fresh grass and straw yield. When the row spacing is 20 cm, the seed yield gradually decreases with the increase of sowing rate; when the row spacing is 30-40 cm, the seed yield increases first and then decreases with the increase of sowing rate; and when the row spacing is 50 cm, the seed yield gradually decreases with the increase of sowing rate. By comparing different sowing rate and row spacing configurations, the best combination of seed yield is selected as follows: sowing rate of 26.25 kg / ha and row spacing of 30 cm > sowing rate of 33.75 kg / ha and row spacing of 40 cm > sowing rate of 33.75 kg / ha and row spacing of 30 cm; and the best combination of fresh grass and straw yield is selected as follows: sowing rate of 33.75 kg / ha and row spacing of 20 cm > sowing rate of 33.75 kg / ha and row spacing of 30 cm > sowing rate of 33.75 kg / ha and row spacing of 40 cm.

Claims

1. A method of sowing to increase the yield of arrow leek peas, characterized by the steps of The application relates to a method for cultivating peas, which comprises the following steps: S1, uniformly applying superphosphoric acid calcium and potassium chloride in a field, and then performing rotary tillage treatment and leveling the ground; S2, sowing: manually sowing in furrows, sowing depth is 3-4 cm, sowing amount is 18-35 kg per mu, and row spacing is 20-50 cm; S3, field management: timely weeding, using herbicides for weeding from sowing to seedling stage, and using manual weeding after flowering; and timely disease and pest control work is performed during the growth period of the peas.

2. The method of sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The content of the effective component P2O5 in the superphosphoric acid calcium is 12%.

3. The method of sowing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The application amount of the superphosphoric acid calcium is 375 kg per mu.

4. The method of sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The content of the effective component K2O in the potassium chloride is 60%.

5. The method of sowing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The application amount of the potassium chloride is 50 kg per mu.

6. The method of sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary tillage depth is 20-35 cm.

7. The method of sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing amount is one of 18.75 kg per mu, 26.25 kg per mu and 33.75 kg per mu.

8. The method of sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The row spacing is one of 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm and 50 cm.

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