Optical module, related apparatus, optical communication method, and system

Abstract

An optical module, a related apparatus, an optical communication method, and a system. The optical module comprises a filtering module (601) and a PD (602). The filtering module (601) is used for receiving a downstream optical signal from an optical fiber, wherein the downstream optical signal comprises optical signals of a plurality of downstream wavelengths; and the filtering module (601) comprises an optical filter and an optical barrel, wherein the optical filter is used for performing filtering on the downstream optical signal to obtain an optical signal of a target downstream wavelength, and the optical barrel is used for guiding the optical signal of the target downstream wavelength to at least the PD (602). The PD (602) is located on a light emergent side of the filtering module (601), and the PD (602) is used for receiving the optical signal of the target downstream wavelength that is guided by the optical barrel. Even if a plurality of optical modules are inserted in a mixed manner, each optical module can obtain, by means of an optical filter, an optical signal of a target downlink wavelength corresponding to the optical module, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication. A plurality of optical modules can be inserted in a mixed manner, thereby improving the flexibility of networking and reducing the difficulty of device management and maintenance.

Description

Optical module, related device, optical communication method and system

[0001] The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411274867.6, filed on September 10, 2024, entitled "Access Side Optical Module, Optical Communication Method, Storage Medium and Computer Program Product", and Chinese Patent Application No. 202411313453.X, filed on September 19, 2024, entitled "Optical Module, Related Device, Optical Communication Method and System", the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to an optical module, a related device, an optical communication method and a system. BACKGROUND

[0003] At present, optical communication has been widely applied in various scenarios. For example, in the scenario of optical fiber access to the home, optical fibers are pulled into rooms on each floor in a park, and the uplink and downlink information between the optical access equipment in the room and the central switch in the park is transmitted through the optical fibers.

[0004] The optical access equipment is usually connected with the central switch through a combining and splitting wave filter. As an intermediate device, the combining and splitting wave filter can realize optical communication between one central switch and multiple optical access equipment. Each optical access equipment is inserted with an optical module, and the optical module in the optical access equipment is called an access side optical module. Multiple access side optical modules are connected to the same combining and splitting wave filter through optical fibers, and the combining and splitting wave filter is connected with the central switch, thereby realizing optical communication between the multiple optical access equipment and the central switch.

[0005] In the related art, the combining and splitting wave filter has multiple ports, and the multiple ports correspond to multiple pairs of wavelengths one-to-one. Each pair of wavelengths includes an uplink wavelength and a downlink wavelength. The multiple pairs of wavelengths also correspond to multiple access side optical modules one-to-one. The optical fiber connected with the access side optical module needs to be inserted into the corresponding port of the combining and splitting wave filter according to the corresponding wavelength, and cannot be mixed and inserted, resulting in poor networking flexibility of optical communication, large difficulty in device management and maintenance, and the optical signal cannot be transmitted to the central switch if the access side optical module is inserted into the wrong port, thereby affecting optical communication. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides an optical module, a related device, an optical communication method and a system, which can solve the problems of poor networking flexibility and large difficulty in device management and maintenance in the related art. The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an optical module is provided, the optical module comprising a filtering module and a photo diode (PD);

[0008] The filter module is configured to receive a downlink optical signal from an optical fiber, the downlink optical signal comprising a plurality of downlink wavelength optical signals;

[0009] The filter module comprises a filter and a light barrel, the filter is configured to filter a target downlink wavelength optical signal from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel is configured to conduct the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the PD.

[0010] The PD is located on the light-out side of the filter module, and the PD is configured to receive the target downlink wavelength optical signal conducted by the light barrel.

[0011] That is, since the optical module comprises a filter module and a PD, the filter module comprises a filter and a light barrel, and the PD is located on the light-out side of the filter module, when the downlink optical signal comprising a plurality of downlink wavelength optical signals enters the optical module, the filter in the optical module can filter the downlink optical signal to filter out the target downlink wavelength optical signal. In this way, even if a plurality of optical modules are mixed and inserted, each optical module can obtain the corresponding target downlink wavelength optical signal through the filter, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication. Moreover, since a plurality of optical modules can be mixed and inserted, the flexibility of networking is improved, and the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance is reduced.

[0012] The optical module provided in the present application can be applied to a dual-fiber scheme or a single-fiber scheme.

[0013] In the dual-fiber scheme, the optical module comprises a receiving optical assembly and a transmitting optical assembly, the receiving optical assembly comprises the filter module and the PD, the receiving optical assembly is configured to form a downlink optical path, and the transmitting optical assembly is configured to form an uplink optical path, wherein the uplink optical path is completely non-overlapping with the downlink optical path.

[0014] In the single-fiber scheme, the optical module further comprises a light splitting plate, the light splitting plate is located on the light-out side of the light barrel conducting the target downlink wavelength optical signal and on the light-in side of the PD, and the light splitting plate is also located on the light-in side of the light barrel conducting the uplink optical signal emitted by the optical module, the light splitting plate is configured to transmit the target downlink wavelength optical signal conducted by the light barrel to the PD and transmit the uplink optical signal to the light barrel.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the optical module further comprises a laser diode (LD), the LD is located on the light-in side of the light splitting plate receiving the uplink optical signal, and the LD is configured to emit the uplink optical signal.

[0016] The position of the filter in the present application can be various, which is illustrated as follows.

[0017] In the single-fiber or double-fiber scheme, the optical barrel is configured to transmit the downlink optical signal of the target wavelength, and the filter is located at or outside the light inlet of the optical barrel for transmitting the downlink optical signal of the target wavelength.

[0018] Alternatively, the optical barrel is configured to transmit the downlink optical signal, and the filter is located at or outside the light outlet of the optical barrel for transmitting the downlink optical signal.

[0019] Alternatively, the optical module further comprises a lens, which is located at the light inlet side of the PD and at the light outlet side of the optical barrel for transmitting the downlink optical signal, the optical barrel is configured to transmit the downlink optical signal to the lens, the lens is configured to converge the downlink optical signal to the PD, and the filter is located at the light outlet side of the lens.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the optical module comprises a PD transistor outline (TO) package assembly, which comprises the PD and the lens.

[0021] In addition to the above positions, in the double-fiber scheme, the filter can also be located inside the optical barrel and divide the optical barrel into a first part close to the light inlet of the optical barrel and a second part close to the light outlet of the optical barrel, the first part is configured to transmit the downlink optical signal, and the second part is configured to transmit the optical signal of the target wavelength.

[0022] Similarly, in the single-fiber scheme, the filter can also be located inside the optical barrel and divide the optical barrel into a first part away from the light splitting piece and a second part close to the light splitting piece, the first part is configured to transmit the downlink optical signal, the second part is configured to transmit the optical signal of the target wavelength, and the first part and the second part are further configured to transmit the uplink optical signal.

[0023] Alternatively, in the single-fiber scheme, the filter can also be located on the side of the light splitting piece close to the optical barrel, and the optical barrel is configured to transmit the downlink optical signal.

[0024] In this application, the optical module is applied to an optical communication system, the optical communication system comprises a plurality of optical modules, different optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths, and the target downlink wavelength is the downlink wavelength corresponding to the optical module.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the target downlink wavelength is a downlink wavelength matched with a target uplink wavelength in the plurality of downlink wavelengths, and the target uplink wavelength is the wavelength of the uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical module.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the filter is a tunable filter. In this way, when the uplink wavelength of the uplink optical signal emitted by the optical module changes, the wavelength of the filtered optical signal is adjusted by the tunable filter, so that the optical signal of the downlink wavelength matching the changed uplink wavelength is filtered out.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the optical module is inserted into an access device, or the optical module is integrated into the access device.

[0028] In a second aspect, an access device is provided, and the access device includes the optical module of the first aspect.

[0029] In a third aspect, a printed circuit board (PCB) is provided, and the PCB includes a filter module and a PD.

[0030] The filter module is configured to receive a downlink optical signal from an optical fiber, and the downlink optical signal includes a plurality of downlink wavelengths.

[0031] The filter module includes a filter and a light barrel, the filter is configured to filter out an optical signal of a target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel is configured to conduct the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength to at least the PD.

[0032] The PD is located on an out-light side of the filter module, and the PD is configured to receive the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength conducted by the light barrel.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, an optical communication method is provided, and an optical module includes a filter module and a photodiode (PD), the filter module includes a filter and a light barrel, and the PD is located on an out-light side of the filter module. The method includes the following steps.

[0034] The filter module receives a downlink optical signal, and the downlink optical signal includes a plurality of downlink wavelengths.

[0035] The filter filters out an optical signal of a target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel conducts the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength to at least the PD.

[0036] The PD receives the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength conducted by the light barrel.

[0037] In a fifth aspect, an optical communication system is provided, and the optical communication system includes a plurality of optical modules of the first aspect, and different optical modules correspond to different target downlink wavelengths.

[0038] The optical communication system further comprises a routing switching device, and all downlink optical signals received by the optical modules in the optical communication system are optical signals transmitted by the routing switching device.

[0039] The technical effects obtained by the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect and the fifth aspect are similar to the technical effects obtained by the corresponding technical means in the first aspect, and thus are not described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color light scheme in the related art;

[0041] FIG. 2 is an architecture diagram of an optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 3 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 4 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 5 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an access-side optical module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an access-side optical module in a dual-fiber scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a ROSA in a dual-fiber scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 9 is a top structural schematic diagram of a PD TO assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG. 10 is a side structural schematic diagram of a PD TO assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG. 16 is a structure diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG. 17 is a structure diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG. 18 is a structure diagram of an access-side optical module in a single-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG. 19 is a structure diagram of an access-side optical module in a single-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG. 20 is a structure diagram of an access-side optical module in a single-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG. 21 is a structure diagram of an access-side optical module in a single-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG. 22 is a structure diagram of a PCB in a single-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG. 23 is a structure diagram of a PCB in a dual-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG. 24 is a flowchart of an optical communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG. 25 is a passband design diagram of a filter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG. 26 is a structure diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG. 27 is a structure diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG. 28 is a structure diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0069] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0070] Multiplexing technology: with the gradual development of "optical into copper out" as the technical mainstream of the park network, on the one hand, due to the limited resources, increasing manufacturing costs, the laying of fiber link costs are growing year by year, while for wireless transmission media, the limited available frequency is also a very valuable resource. Therefore, how to improve the utilization of communication lines has become the focus of the industry, and the multiplexing technology has emerged as the times require. Multiplexing technology is to transmit multiple signals on a communication line, thereby improving the utilization of optical communication line. The commonly used multiplexing technology includes wavelength division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, and code division multiplexing. The embodiments of the present application focus on wavelength division multiplexing.

[0071] Wavelength division multiplexing: commonly known as wavelength division, usually uses multiple wavelengths to achieve multitasking. In an optical communication system, different optical signals are carried by different colors (i.e. wavelengths or frequencies), and multiplexing multiple optical signals of different wavelengths on one optical fiber for transmission is wavelength division multiplexing. Wavelength division multiplexing can enable bidirectional communication (such as uplink and downlink communication) on one optical fiber and achieve a doubling of capacity. Wavelength division multiplexing technology is based on frequency division multiplexing technology, which divides the bandwidth of a channel into multiple channels according to a certain value (such as 20 nanometers (nm) as a unit). In a wavelength division multiplexing system (referred to as a wavelength division system), each channel can be referred to as a wavelength, and each channel transmits information at different frequencies and different wavelengths. Each wavelength is separated from each other, which can achieve natural physical isolation and effectively prevent them from interfering with each other. The optical module and related apparatus and optical communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application are applied to the wavelength division system, which solves the problem that the optical module of the access device in the wavelength division system of the related technology cannot be mixed and inserted.

[0072] Point to multi-point (P2MP): a transmission mode that transmits data from one source to one or more receiving ends.

[0073] Passive optical network (PON): as a new broadband access optical fiber technology covering the last mile, it does not require node equipment at the optical branch point, and only needs to install a simple optical branch device, so it has the advantages of saving optical cable resources, bandwidth resource sharing, saving investment in machine room, high safety of equipment, fast network building speed, and low comprehensive network building cost. The intermediate device in the embodiments of the present application is a passive device and can be applied to a passive optical network.

[0074] Next, the background knowledge of the embodiments of the present application is introduced.

[0075] The embodiments of the present application are designed for the evolution of campus network architecture, but are not limited to be applied to the campus network. The demand of the present solution is triggered by the evolution of the campus network to the all-optical campus, so the embodiments of the present application will be described according to the evolution of the campus architecture and the route of thinking of the present solution.

[0076] Firstly, the architecture of the traditional campus network, and the evolution process and evolution direction of the driving campus network architecture are introduced.

[0077] In the traditional campus network, the networking structure is mainly tree-type networking, and the most typical one in the tree-type architecture is three-layer networking. The three layers are access layer, aggregation layer and core layer. In the traditional structure, the access layer directly pulls the network cable to the network device (also known as user equipment, such as personal computer (PC) / wireless fidelity (WIFI) device, etc.), and the aggregation layer completes the data aggregation in the north-south direction and the data exchange in the east-west direction. Among them, the access layer is mainly interconnected downward (i.e., to the network device) through the network cable. The access layer to the aggregation layer and the aggregation layer to the core layer are usually interconnected through optical fibers. The connection mode between layers is point to point (P2P) mode, and neither the optical fiber nor the network cable converges, and only the data convergence and exchange are realized at the switch.

[0078] The three-layer structure is slightly different in different types of campus, and the specific location is also slightly different.

[0079] In a large campus, network construction is usually carried out in units of buildings. A core switching area (i.e., core layer) is set in the entire campus. Each building can be constructed according to a two-layer tree structure, i.e., each building is taken as an independent aggregation point. When a large campus adopts this tree-type architecture, the data exchange within the same building can be completed within the building, and the data exchange between different buildings is completed through the core layer.

[0080] A medium-sized campus usually adopts a two-layer structure, and a three-layer structure can also be adopted according to the network size and business needs. When the network access points are more and multiple aggregation points need to be set, a three-layer structure can be adopted. For example, a newly built office building has a weak current room on each floor, which can be taken as an aggregation point, and the entire building adopts a three-layer structure and sets a core layer. When there are different business isolation requirements, such as mutual isolation between departments, an aggregation point needs to be set for each type of business or department, and a three-layer structure can be adopted.

[0081] The traditional three-layer architecture of the campus network has been briefly introduced above, and the next generation campus architecture (i.e., the all-optical campus architecture) will be introduced next. At present, the exploration of the all-optical campus in the related field mainly includes two systems, one is a passive optical LAN (POL) scheme system based on PON technology, and the other is an all-optical Ethernet scheme based on a traditional Ethernet scheme. Both systems have their own advantages and disadvantages. The present scheme mainly fuses the two systems to realize the deep fusion of Internet protocol (IP) and light.

[0082] Among them, POL is a local area network based on PON technology, which provides users with converged data, voice, video and other weak electric services through optical fibers. POL is a solution that directly applies PON technology of the access network to the campus. Taking the traditional three-layer network of the campus as an example, the application of POL in the campus network is described. POL is to replace the access and aggregation layers, and the optical line termination (OLT) device and the core layer switch are placed together, and the passive optical splitter and optical fiber are used to complete the P2MP connection. Compared with the traditional scheme, POL can simplify the network architecture and realize the change of the three-layer network to the two-layer network. At the same time, since the OLT device and the optical network unit (ONU) of the user device are respectively placed at both ends of the network, the intermediate link can be fully passive, reducing the number of device maintenance and power consumption. Moreover, the design of P2MP can greatly save the use of optical fibers, and also reduce the device deployment space.

[0083] With the application of PON technology in the all-optical campus, the evolution of the traditional Ethernet in the all-optical direction is also triggered. The main problems encountered by the traditional campus network scheme include: no optical fiber directly to the room, multiple network levels, large number of optical fibers / cables, and active devices in the interconnection link. In view of the above problems, the exploration of the all-optical Ethernet campus is carried out.

[0084] In the optical fiber to the home scenario, the user side switch is miniaturized and functionally weakened to obtain a box-type access switch. For example, a 24-port box-type access switch can be directly placed on the user desktop to form a 4-port or 8-port desktop switch, so as to realize the direct laying of optical fibers.

[0085] It should be noted that the optical module provided by the embodiments of the present application is applied to the access device, and the core or central switch usually also includes an optical module. In order to distinguish the optical modules in different devices, the optical module inserted or integrated in the access device is referred to as the access side optical module, and the optical module in the core or central switch is referred to as the central optical module. In other embodiments, the optical modules in different devices can also have other different names.

[0086] It should be further noted that the access device can be different in different scenarios, and the hierarchy of the access device can be different in different scenarios. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific application of the optical module to which device and at which hierarchy.

[0087] As can be seen from the foregoing, the embodiments of the present application are mainly applied in a wavelength division system. In the current wavelength division scheme, the access side optical module needs to be one-to-one corresponding to the port of the multiplexer / demultiplexer, that is, the access side optical module cannot be mixed and inserted into the port of the multiplexer / demultiplexer. For example, the optical fiber connected to the access side optical module 1 needs to be inserted into the port 1 of the multiplexer / demultiplexer, and cannot be inserted into other ports of the multiplexer / demultiplexer. The access device is usually located in the user room, and the multiplexer / demultiplexer can be located in the central machine room of the building, which is far away. It can take multiple attempts to insert the optical fibers connected to multiple access side optical modules. This is very time-consuming and laborious. In addition, multiple access side optical modules need multiple different encodings to correspond to different upstream and downstream wavelengths through different encodings.

[0088] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a colored light scheme in the related art. Referring to Figure 1, the central switch in the related art realizes the physical integration by putting 8 wavelengths (8 downstream wavelengths λ1-λ8 or 8 upstream wavelengths λ9-λ16) into one central optical module. The intermediate device is a multiplexer / demultiplexer, which divides different wavelength optical signals into different colored light hash optical modules (i.e. access side optical modules, also known as remote colored light modules, remote access optical modules, etc.). Referring to Figure 1, the multiplexer / demultiplexer includes 8 pairs of ports. The first pair of ports divides the downstream wavelength λ1 and the upstream wavelength λ9 into the first remote colored light module, the second pair of ports divides the downstream wavelength λ2 and the upstream wavelength λ10 into the second remote colored light module, and so on. The eighth pair of ports divides the downstream wavelength λ8 and the upstream wavelength λ16 into the eighth remote colored light module.

[0089] As can be seen from Figure 1, the colored light scheme in the related art needs to be one-to-one corresponding between the access side optical module and the port of the multiplexer / demultiplexer, that is, the 8 remote colored light modules cannot be mixed and inserted into the 8 pairs of ports of the multiplexer / demultiplexer, and must be strictly inserted according to the wavelength. This inevitably increases the difficulty and cost of networking. In addition, it can also be seen that in the application scenario of the embodiments of the present application, the downstream optical signals of multiple access side optical modules in the same group all come from one central switch, and usually the downstream wavelengths corresponding to the multiple access side optical modules are different. It should be understood that one central switch can include more than one central optical module. The above "same group" refers to a group of access side optical modules connected to one central optical module. In addition, it should be pointed out that in the embodiments of the present application, the downstream optical signal and the upstream optical signal can both be time-continuous optical signals.

[0090] To solve the problem that the access side optical module cannot be mixed inserted in the related art, the embodiments of the present application provide an access side optical module and related devices, an optical communication method and system, which can realize mixed insertion or optical module normalization of the color light hash optical module (i.e. the access side optical module) of the wavelength division system, thereby improving the networking flexibility of optical communication and reducing the difficulty of device management and maintenance. Taking FIG. 1 as an example, in the embodiments of the present application, the mixed insertion refers to not requiring the first remote color light module to be inserted into the first pair of ports of the multiplexer / demultiplexer, but can be inserted into any pair of ports of the multiplexer / demultiplexer. The eight remote color light modules can be inserted into the eight pairs of ports of the multiplexer / demultiplexer in disorder or at will. For example, from left to right, the eight remote color light modules can be inserted into the second pair, the fifth pair, the third pair, the first pair, the seventh pair, the sixth pair, the eighth pair and the fourth pair of ports of the multiplexer / demultiplexer in turn.

[0091] Next, the implementation environment related to the embodiments of the present application is introduced.

[0092] FIG. 2 is an architecture diagram of an optical communication system provided by the embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIG. 2, the system includes a center optical module, an intermediate device and a plurality of access side optical modules. The center optical module is connected with the intermediate device through an optical fiber, the intermediate device includes a plurality of ports, each access side optical module is connected with any one port of the intermediate device through an optical fiber, and different access side optical modules are connected with different ports.

[0093] Among them, the plurality of access side optical modules can be mixed inserted into the plurality of ports, without needing to care about the correspondence between the ports, the access side optical modules and the uplink and downlink wavelengths. That is, each access side optical module can be connected with any one port.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, the access side optical module is inserted into an access device, or the access side optical module is integrated in the access device, and the access device is used to access the above optical communication system through the access side optical module. Similarly, the center optical module is inserted into a routing switching device, or the center optical module is integrated in the routing switching device, and the routing switching device is used to realize communication between the access device and the center optical module through the center optical module.

[0095] The access device can be an asteroid, an access point (AP) or other device in the industry. The access device can also be referred to as an optical access device or an optical line terminal or other name. The routing switching device can be a switch (such as a local area network switch (LSW)) or a router. The routing switching device can also be referred to as a center switch, a core switch or other name. The center optical module can also be referred to as a core side optical module or a local side optical module. The access side optical module can also be referred to as a terminal optical module.

[0096] The central optical module, the intermediate device and the plurality of access-side optical modules are configured to perform optical communication according to the optical communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application, i.e., transmitting uplink information and downlink information through optical signals.

[0097] In order to realize the mixed insertion of the optical modules, the embodiments of the present application provide a plurality of specific implementation manners of the optical communication system, in which the access-side optical modules all include a filter module, and the access-side optical modules can receive downlink optical signals including one or more downlink wavelengths from the optical fiber through the filter module, and filter the optical signals of the target downlink wavelength from the received downlink optical signals through the filter module. In this way, even if the plurality of access-side optical modules are mixedly inserted, each access-side optical module can obtain the optical signals of the corresponding target downlink wavelength through the filter module, thereby ensuring the reliability of the optical communication. Next, three specific implementation manners will be introduced in combination with FIGS. 3-5.

[0098] FIG. 3 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided in the embodiments of the present application. Next, the specific process of transmitting downlink information and uplink information in the first specific implementation manner will be introduced in combination with FIG. 3.

[0099] First, the specific process of transmitting downlink information will be introduced.

[0100] In the wavelength division system, the downlink information is transmitted through downlink wavelength optical signals, each access-side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. For example, the system includes eight access-side optical modules, and the eight access-side optical modules correspond to eight different downlink wavelengths one by one.

[0101] In the transmission process of the downlink information, the central optical module is configured to transmit a first downlink optical signal to the intermediate device, the first downlink optical signal has a plurality of downlink wavelengths, the plurality of downlink wavelengths includes at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to at least one access-side optical module, and the first downlink optical signal carries downlink information transmitted to the at least one access device. The intermediate device is configured to receive a second downlink optical signal, divide the second downlink optical signal into a plurality of third downlink optical signals, and transmit one third downlink optical signal to the access-side optical module connected to the port through each port of the plurality of ports, each third downlink optical signal of the plurality of third downlink optical signals has a plurality of downlink wavelengths and carries the downlink information transmitted to the at least one access device; each access-side optical module of the plurality of access-side optical modules is configured to obtain the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module from the received fourth downlink optical signal. The plurality of access devices are the access devices to which the plurality of access-side optical modules belong. The second downlink optical signal is the optical signal transmitted by the first downlink optical signal through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device. The fourth downlink optical signal is the optical signal transmitted by the third downlink optical signal through the optical fiber between the access-side optical module and the port.

[0102] It should be understood that, considering the loss of the optical signal during transmission in the optical fiber for a long distance, the optical signal transmitted by the central optical module is actually not exactly the same as the optical signal received by the intermediate device, and the optical signal transmitted by the intermediate device is also not exactly the same as the optical signal received by the access-side optical module. Based on this, the present application embodiment distinguishes the transmitted optical signal and the received optical signal by using words such as 'first','second', 'third', and 'fourth'. Simply put, the first downlink optical signal becomes the second downlink optical signal after transmission in the optical fiber due to loss, and the third downlink optical signal also becomes the fourth downlink optical signal after transmission in the optical fiber due to damage.

[0103] The first downlink optical signal and the second downlink optical signal are both a composite optical signal (such as a rainbow optical signal). The intermediate device divides the received composite optical signal into multiple composite optical signals, so as to transmit a composite optical signal with multiple downlink wavelengths to multiple access-side optical modules. In this way, even if the multiple access-side optical modules are mixed and inserted, they can all obtain the optical signal of the corresponding downlink wavelength from the received composite optical signal, and then the multiple access devices can all obtain the corresponding downlink information from the optical signal of the corresponding downlink wavelength, thereby ensuring communication reliability.

[0104] The at least one access-side optical module includes an access-side optical module that is currently in communication. For example, in the case where all access-side optical modules in the optical communication system are currently in communication, the at least one access-side optical module includes all access-side optical modules in the optical communication system. The at least one port hereinafter is similar.

[0105] The central optical module includes an output multiplexer (oMUX) having a function of combining, such as a first combiner. The intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter connected to the multiple ports by optical fibers respectively. The oMUX is configured to obtain the optical signals of the multiple downlink wavelengths, combine the optical signals of the multiple downlink wavelengths into the first downlink optical signal, and transmit the first downlink optical signal to the first optical splitter. The first optical splitter is configured to receive the second downlink optical signal and divide the second downlink optical signal into the multiple third downlink optical signals by energy division, and transmit one third downlink optical signal to each of the multiple ports.

[0106] That is, the first combiner can combine multiple input signals with different wavelengths into one signal. In the present application embodiment, the first combiner has multiple input ends and one output end. The multiple input ends correspond to the multiple downlink wavelengths one by one, and each input end is configured to receive the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the input end. The output end is configured to output the first downlink optical signal obtained by combination.

[0107] In FIG. 3, the central optical module is implemented by the oMUX to perform the function of wavelength combination, and in some other embodiments, the function of wavelength combination can also be implemented by other devices with similar functions, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation in this regard.

[0108] The first optical splitter can split one signal into multiple signals by energy division. For example, the first optical splitter has one input end and multiple output ends, the multiple output ends are connected with the multiple ports one by one, the input end is used to receive the second downstream optical signal, and the multiple output ends are used to output a third downstream optical signal respectively.

[0109] In the embodiments of the present application, the first optical splitter divides the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals by energy division, and the multiple third downstream optical signals have the same energy. Alternatively, the first optical splitter can also not divide the energy equally, but divide the energy of the second downstream optical signal according to other proportions, that is, the multiple third downstream optical signals obtained can not have the same energy, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation in this regard. In the case that the intermediate device is a passive device, the sum of the energies of the multiple third downstream optical signals does not exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal. In the case that the intermediate device is an active device, the sum of the energies of the multiple third downstream optical signals can exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal. For example, the intermediate device further includes an energy amplifier, and the energy amplifier is used to make the sum of the energies of the multiple third downstream optical signals exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal, so as to improve the quality of the third downstream optical signal.

[0110] The first optical splitter can be implemented by an optical splitter or other devices with similar functions, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation in this regard.

[0111] In the embodiments of the present application, the central optical module further includes multiple optical-electric conversion sub-modules, the oMUX in the central optical module is connected with the multiple optical-electric conversion sub-modules through optical fibers respectively, the optical-electric conversion sub-modules correspond to one upstream wavelength and one downstream wavelength with a matching relationship, and different optical-electric conversion sub-modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths and different downstream wavelengths. Each optical-electric conversion sub-module is used to obtain a first downstream electrical signal transmitted by a routing switching device (such as the LSW shown in FIG. 3), convert the first downstream electrical signal into an optical signal with a downstream wavelength corresponding to the optical-electric conversion sub-module, and transmit the optical signal with the downstream wavelength corresponding to the optical-electric conversion sub-module to the oMUX. The oMUX is used to obtain multiple optical signals with multiple downstream wavelengths transmitted by the multiple optical-electric conversion sub-modules. The first downstream electrical signal carries downstream information.

[0112] Each of the plurality of photoelectric conversion sub-modules includes one PD and one LD. Referring to FIG. 3, taking the center optical module including three photoelectric conversion sub-modules as an example, the first photoelectric conversion sub-module includes LD1 and PD1, the second photoelectric conversion sub-module includes LD2 and PD2, and the third photoelectric conversion sub-module includes LD3 and PD3. In other embodiments, the photoelectric conversion sub-module can also be represented by O / E (E / O), where ‘O’ represents the abbreviation of optical, and ‘E’ represents the abbreviation of electricity. Each photoelectric conversion sub-module is used to perform photoelectric conversion on the received optical signal.

[0113] It should be understood that the LD1, LD2 and LD3 are drawn in one box in FIG. 3, which does not mean that the physical positions of the LD1, LD2 and LD3 must be together, and similarly, the PD1, PD2 and PD3 are drawn in one box, which also does not mean that the physical positions of the PD1, PD2 and PD3 must be together. The physical positions of these devices can be set according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. For example, the LD1 and the PD1 can be arranged together, the LD2 and the PD2 can be arranged together, and the LD3 and the PD3 can be arranged together. The same applies to similar places in subsequent embodiment figures, which will not be repeated hereinafter.

[0114] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 3, the intermediate device further includes a light splitting piece, referred to as a first light splitting piece, and the oMUX in the center optical module also has the function of light splitting, for example, the oMUX further includes a light splitting piece, referred to as a second light splitting piece, the first light splitting piece is connected with the second light splitting piece and the first optical splitter through optical fibers respectively, and the second light splitting piece is further connected with the first combiner through an optical fiber; the first combiner is used to obtain the optical signals of the plurality of downlink wavelengths, combine the optical signals of the plurality of downlink wavelengths into a first downlink optical signal, and further transmit the first downlink optical signal to the second light splitting piece; the second light splitting piece is used to transmit the first downlink optical signal to the first light splitting piece; and the first light splitting piece is used to receive the second downlink optical signal and transmit the second downlink optical signal to the first optical splitter.

[0115] It should be understood that, for the convenience of understanding, for the sake of simplicity and easy understanding, since the loss of the optical signal transmitted in the same device is small and almost negligible, the naming of the optical signal in the same device in the embodiments of the present application is simplified, and the optical signal transmitted and received between different modules in the same device is named as the same optical signal without misunderstanding. For example, the optical signal transmitted by the first light splitting piece to the first optical splitter and the optical signal received by the first optical splitter are both called the second downlink optical signal. In fact, due to the loss in optical fiber transmission, there may be some difference between the optical signal transmitted by the module and the optical signal received by the opposite module. For example, there may be some difference between the second downlink optical signal transmitted by the first light splitting piece to the first optical splitter and the second downlink optical signal received by the first optical splitter.

[0116] Alternatively, in addition to the implementation mode shown in FIG. 3, the first combiner of the center optical module and the first light splitter of the intermediate device can also be directly connected through an optical fiber; the first combiner is also used for transmitting the first downlink optical signal to the first light splitter.

[0117] Referring to FIG. 3, the access side optical module includes a first filter piece (i.e., the filter piece in the filter module described above), which is used for filtering the received fourth downlink optical signal to obtain the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module. That is, each access side optical module filters a composite optical signal with multiple downlink wavelengths received by a filter piece to obtain the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 3, the access side optical module further includes a PD connected with the first filter piece through an optical fiber, the first filter piece is also used for transmitting the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module to the PD, and the PD is used for optoelectronic conversion on the received optical signal of the downlink wavelength to obtain a second downlink electrical signal, and transmitting the second downlink electrical signal to other modules of the access device, so that other modules of the access device obtain corresponding downlink information from the second downlink electrical signal, or transmit the second downlink electrical signal to a user terminal connected with the access device.

[0119] Alternatively, the access side optical module includes a second wave splitter, which is used for wave division on the third downlink optical signal transmitted by the port to obtain optical signals of multiple downlink wavelengths, and determine the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module from the optical signals of the multiple downlink wavelengths. That is, the first filter piece can be replaced by the second wave splitter. The second wave splitter is connected with the PD and is also used for transmitting the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module to the PD.

[0120] The transmission process of the downlink information is introduced above, and the transmission process of the uplink information is introduced next.

[0121] In the wavelength division system, the upstream information is transmitted by optical signals of upstream wavelengths. Each access-side optical module also corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths. For example, the system includes 8 access-side optical modules, and the 8 access-side optical modules correspond to 8 different upstream wavelengths. In the embodiments of the present application, the upstream wavelength is different from the downstream wavelength, for example, the upstream wavelength is greater than the downstream wavelength, or the upstream wavelength is less than the downstream wavelength, so as to facilitate the transmission of upstream and downstream signals in one optical cable, and the network is relatively simple.

[0122] In the process of transmitting the upstream information, each access-side optical module in the plurality of access-side optical modules is also configured to transmit an optical signal of an upstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module to the connected port; the intermediate device is also configured to acquire, through the plurality of ports, a plurality of optical signals of upstream wavelengths transmitted by the plurality of access-side optical modules, combine the plurality of optical signals of upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module; the central optical module is also configured to decompose the first upstream optical signal into the plurality of optical signals of upstream wavelengths. Each optical signal of an upstream wavelength carries upstream information transmitted by a corresponding access device, and the first upstream optical signal carries upstream information transmitted by the plurality of access devices. That is, the optical signal of an upstream wavelength transmitted by the access-side optical module is a single-wavelength signal (i.e., a gray optical signal), and the first upstream optical signal is a composite optical signal.

[0123] In a possible implementation, the access-side optical module further includes a first laser, and the first laser is connected to the port through an optical fiber; the first laser is configured to generate an optical signal of an upstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module, and transmit the optical signal of the upstream wavelength to the connected port.

[0124] The first laser is a single-wavelength laser, i.e., a single-frequency laser, or the first laser is a wavelength-adjustable laser. For example, the first laser includes an LD, and the LD is a single-frequency laser capable of generating a gray optical signal of a unique frequency (i.e., an optical signal of a unique wavelength), or referring to FIG. 3, the LD is a wavelength-adjustable laser, referred to as an adjustable LD, capable of generating optical signals of multiple wavelengths. In the embodiments of the present application, the LD is configured to generate an optical signal of an upstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module.

[0125] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 3, the intermediate device further comprises an optical coupler, referred to as a first optical coupler, and the oMUX in the central optical module further has a function of wavelength division, for example, the oMUX further comprises a wavelength divider, referred to as a first wavelength divider, and the first optical coupler is connected with the plurality of ports respectively through optical fibers; the first optical coupler is configured to couple the plurality of uplink wavelength optical signals into a first uplink optical signal through energy combination; and the first wavelength divider is configured to decompose the first uplink optical signal into the plurality of uplink wavelength optical signals.

[0126] That is, the first optical coupler can couple a plurality of input signals into one signal. In the embodiment of the present application, the first optical coupler has a plurality of input ends and one output end, each of the plurality of input ends can receive an optical signal of any wavelength, and the output end is configured to output the first uplink optical signal coupled. It can be seen that the function of the optical coupler is opposite to that of the optical wavelength divider.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, the optical coupler and the optical wavelength divider can be the same device, that is, the device has the functions of wavelength division and optical coupling. Of course, in other embodiments, the optical coupler and the optical wavelength divider can also be different devices.

[0128] The first wavelength divider can divide one signal into a plurality of signals with different wavelengths according to the wavelengths. For example, the first wavelength divider has one input end and a plurality of output ends, the plurality of output ends correspond to the plurality of uplink wavelengths one by one, and each output end is connected with one of the plurality of photoelectric conversion sub-modules according to the corresponding uplink wavelength, that is, the uplink wavelength corresponding to each output end is the same as the uplink wavelength corresponding to the connected photoelectric conversion sub-module. The input end of the first wavelength divider is configured to receive the first uplink optical signal, and the plurality of output ends are configured to output the optical signal of the corresponding uplink wavelength to the connected photoelectric conversion sub-module.

[0129] In FIG. 3, the central optical module realizes the function of wavelength division by the oMUX, and in other embodiments, the function of wavelength division can also be realized by other devices with similar functions, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0130] Each photoelectric conversion sub-module is configured to convert the received optical signal into a first uplink electrical signal after receiving an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the photoelectric conversion sub-module, and transmit the first uplink electrical signal to other modules of the routing and switching device, so that the routing and switching device obtains corresponding uplink information from the first uplink electrical signal, or performs other processing on the first uplink electrical signal, such as transmitting the first uplink electrical signal to other network devices.

[0131] As can be seen from the foregoing, in an implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 3, the intermediate device further comprises a first light splitter, and the oMUX in the center optical module further has a light splitting function, for example, the oMUX further comprises a second light splitter, and the first light splitter is further connected to the first optical coupler through an optical fiber, and the second light splitter is further connected to the first wave divider through an optical fiber; the first optical coupler is further configured to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first light splitter; the first light splitter is configured to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the second light splitter; and the second light splitter is configured to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first wave divider.

[0132] In another implementation manner, the first wave divider of the center optical module is directly connected to the first optical coupler of the intermediate device through an optical fiber; and the first optical coupler is configured to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first wave divider.

[0133] In combination with the uplink and downlink, in the case where the intermediate device comprises the first light splitter and the center optical module comprises the oMUX, the first light splitter and the oMUX can be connected through one optical cable between the intermediate device and the center optical module, so that the communication can be realized and the networking is simpler. In the case where the first wave combiner of the center optical module is directly connected to the first light divider of the intermediate device through an optical fiber, and the first wave divider of the center optical module is directly connected to the first optical coupler of the intermediate device through an optical fiber, the communication can also be realized between the intermediate device and the center optical module through two optical cables.

[0134] It should be noted that the first light splitter and the second light splitter can filter the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal through the difference between the uplink wavelength and the downlink wavelength. For example, the uplink wavelength is greater than a first threshold value, and the downlink wavelength is less than the first threshold value, the first light splitter can transmit the optical signal with a wavelength greater than the first threshold value as the uplink optical signal to the center optical module, and transmit the optical signal with a wavelength less than the first threshold value as the downlink optical signal to the first light divider.

[0135] In combination with FIG. 3, in the specific implementation manner shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of access side optical modules can be mixed and inserted, and the intermediate device can be passive, so that the optical networking manner is more flexible and the difficulty of device management and maintenance is reduced.

[0136] In a possible implementation, each of the plurality of ports of the intermediate device is implemented by one physical port, which is capable of receiving and transmitting the optical signal of the access-side optical module, that is, the intermediate device and each access-side optical module are connected by single-fiber connection to transmit the uplink and downlink optical signals in one optical fiber. Alternatively, referring to FIG. 3, each of the plurality of ports is implemented by a pair of physical ports, which includes an uplink port and a downlink port, where the uplink port is used to receive the optical signal of the access-side optical module, and the downlink port is used to transmit the optical signal of the access-side optical module. That is, the intermediate device and each access-side optical module are connected by double-fiber connection to transmit the uplink and downlink optical signals through two optical fibers respectively.

[0137] Taking the number of the plurality of access-side optical modules as 8 for example, the 8 access-side optical modules can be mixed and inserted into the 8 ports of the intermediate device, each of the 8 ports includes two physical ports, and then each of the 8 access-side optical modules is connected to the two physical ports included in one port through 2 optical cables.

[0138] As known from the above, the scheme can be applied to the optical networking in a park, the central switch of the park is used as a routing and switching device, which usually includes a plurality of central optical modules, each of which communicates with a plurality of access-side optical modules, so as to realize a large-scale optical communication system through the plurality of central optical modules. Each central optical module and the plurality of access-side optical modules connected thereto can realize flexible networking according to the first specific implementation manner introduced above.

[0139] Taking the routing and switching device including 8 central optical modules for example, each of the 8 central optical modules is connected to 8 access-side optical modules through an intermediate device, and then the routing and switching device can communicate with 64 access-side optical modules, and the 8 access-side optical modules connected to each central optical module can be mixed and inserted into the 8 ports of the intermediate device connected to the central optical module. If the 64 access-side optical modules are divided into 8 groups, the above first specific implementation manner can realize the in-group mixed insertion of the optical modules. Each group includes 8 access-side optical modules connected to one central optical module.

[0140] FIG. 4 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Next, the specific process of transmitting downlink information and transmitting uplink information in the second specific implementation manner will be introduced in combination with FIG. 4.

[0141] First, the specific process of transmitting downlink information will be introduced.

[0142] In the wavelength division system, the downlink information is transmitted by the optical signals of downlink wavelengths, each access side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. For example, the system includes eight access side optical modules, and the eight access side optical modules correspond to eight different downlink wavelengths one by one.

[0143] In the transmission process of the downlink information, the central optical module is configured to transmit a first downlink optical signal to the intermediate device, the first downlink optical signal has a plurality of downlink wavelengths, the plurality of downlink wavelengths includes at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to an access side optical module, and the first downlink optical signal carries downlink information transmitted to at least one access device. The intermediate device is configured to receive a second downlink optical signal, divide the second downlink optical signal into a plurality of third downlink optical signals, and transmit one third downlink optical signal to an access side optical module connected to each port through each port, each of the plurality of third downlink optical signals has a plurality of downlink wavelengths and carries downlink information transmitted to the at least one access device; and each of the plurality of access side optical modules is configured to receive a fourth downlink optical signal and obtain an optical signal of a downlink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module from the received fourth downlink optical signal. Wherein, the plurality of access devices are access devices to which the plurality of access side optical modules belong. The second downlink optical signal is an optical signal transmitted by the first downlink optical signal through an optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device, and the fourth downlink optical signal is an optical signal transmitted by the third downlink optical signal through an optical fiber between the access side optical module and the port.

[0144] That is, the first downlink optical signal and the second downlink optical signal are both a composite optical signal, the intermediate device divides the received composite optical signal into a plurality of composite optical signals, so as to transmit a composite optical signal having a plurality of downlink wavelengths to each of the plurality of access side optical modules. In this way, even if the plurality of access side optical modules are mixed, the access side optical modules can also obtain an optical signal of a corresponding downlink wavelength from the received composite optical signal, and then the plurality of access devices can obtain corresponding downlink information from the optical signal of the corresponding downlink wavelength, thereby ensuring the communication reliability.

[0145] Wherein, referring to FIG. 4, the central optical module includes an oMUX, the oMUX has a function of combining, for example, the oMUX includes a first combiner, the intermediate device further includes a second optical splitter (as shown in FIG. 4), the second optical splitter is connected to the plurality of ports through optical fibers respectively, and the second optical splitter is further connected to the central optical module through an optical fiber; the oMUX is configured to obtain optical signals of the plurality of downlink wavelengths, and combine the optical signals of the plurality of downlink wavelengths into the first downlink optical signal; and the second optical splitter is configured to receive the second downlink optical signal and divide the second downlink optical signal into the plurality of third downlink optical signals through energy division, and transmit one third downlink optical signal to each of the plurality of ports.

[0146] Here, the oMUX multiplexing function is the same as the oMUX multiplexing function in the first specific implementation manner described above, for example, the first multiplexer has the same specific function and implementation manner as the first multiplexer in the first specific implementation manner described above, which will not be repeated here. The second splitter here is similar to the specific function and implementation manner of the first splitter in the first specific implementation manner described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0147] In a possible implementation manner, the central optical module further includes a plurality of optical-electric conversion sub-modules, the oMUX is connected to the plurality of optical-electric conversion sub-modules through optical fibers respectively, the optical-electric conversion sub-modules correspond to one uplink wavelength and one downlink wavelength having a matching relationship, different optical-electric conversion sub-modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths and different downlink wavelengths. Each optical-electric conversion sub-module is configured to obtain a first downlink electrical signal transmitted by the routing and switching device, convert the obtained first downlink electrical signal into an optical signal of a downlink wavelength corresponding to the optical-electric conversion sub-module, and transmit the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the optical-electric conversion sub-module to the oMUX. The oMUX is configured to obtain a plurality of optical signals of downlink wavelengths transmitted by the plurality of optical-electric conversion sub-modules. The first downlink electrical signal carries downlink information.

[0148] The structure of the optical-electric conversion sub-module in FIG. 4 is similar to that of the optical-electric conversion sub-module in FIG. 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0149] The oMUX in the central optical module also has the function of splitting light, for example, the oMUX further includes a light splitting sheet, which is referred to as a second light splitting sheet, the second light splitting sheet is connected to the first multiplexer of the central optical module and also connected to the second splitter of the intermediate device. The second light splitting sheet is configured to transmit the first downlink optical signal to the second splitter. That is, different from the first specific implementation manner described above, in the second specific implementation manner, the intermediate device can not include a light splitting sheet.

[0150] In the case where the intermediate device does not include a light splitting sheet, in order to distinguish between uplink and downlink signals, the first light splitting sheet in the first specific implementation manner can be sunk into the access side optical module. For example, in the second specific implementation manner, the access side optical module includes a light splitting sheet and a filter sheet (i.e., the filter sheet in the filter module described above), the light splitting sheet is referred to as a third light splitting sheet, and the filter sheet is referred to as a second filter sheet, the third light splitting sheet and the second filter sheet are connected to the port of the intermediate device through optical fibers respectively; the third light splitting sheet is configured to receive a third downlink optical signal transmitted by the port of the intermediate device through the optical fiber, obtain a fourth downlink optical signal, and transmit the fourth downlink optical signal to the second filter sheet; and the second filter sheet is configured to filter the fourth downlink optical signal to obtain an optical signal of a downlink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module.

[0151] Referring to FIG. 4, the access-side optical module further comprises a PD, the PD is connected with the second filter through an optical fiber, and the second filter is further used for transmitting the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module to the PD. The second filter herein has the same specific function and implementation manner as the first filter in the first specific implementation manner, and thus will not be described herein again. Similarly, the PD herein has the same specific function and implementation manner as the PD in the first specific implementation manner, and thus will not be described herein again.

[0152] The second filter herein can also be replaced by a wavelength splitter. For example, the access-side optical module comprises a third wavelength splitter (which can be implemented by a DEMUX), the third wavelength splitter is used for splitting the third downlink optical signal transmitted by the port to obtain a plurality of optical signals of downlink wavelengths, and the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module is determined from the plurality of optical signals of downlink wavelengths. The third wavelength splitter herein has the same specific function and implementation manner as the third wavelength splitter in the first specific implementation manner, and thus will not be described herein again.

[0153] The transmission process of the downlink information is introduced above, and the transmission process of the uplink information will be introduced next.

[0154] In the wavelength division system, the uplink information is transmitted through an optical signal of an uplink wavelength. Each access-side optical module also corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. For example, the system comprises eight access-side optical modules, and the eight access-side optical modules correspond to eight different uplink wavelengths. In the embodiments of the present application, the uplink wavelength is different from the downlink wavelength, for example, the uplink wavelength is greater than the downlink wavelength, or the uplink wavelength is less than the downlink wavelength, so that the uplink and downlink signals can be transmitted in one optical cable, and the network is relatively simple.

[0155] In the process of transmitting the uplink information, each access-side optical module in the plurality of access-side optical modules is further used for transmitting an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module to the connected port; the intermediate device is further used for obtaining a plurality of optical signals of uplink wavelengths transmitted by the plurality of access-side optical modules through the plurality of ports, combining the plurality of optical signals of uplink wavelengths into a first uplink optical signal, and transmitting the first uplink optical signal to the center optical module; and the center optical module is further used for decomposing the first uplink optical signal into the plurality of optical signals of uplink wavelengths. Each optical signal of uplink wavelength carries the uplink information transmitted by the corresponding access device, and the first uplink optical signal carries the uplink information transmitted by the plurality of access devices. That is, the optical signal of the uplink wavelength transmitted by the access-side optical module is a single-wavelength signal, and the first uplink optical signal is a composite optical signal.

[0156] The access-side optical module further includes a second laser (e.g., LD in FIG. 4), which is connected to the third optical splitter through an optical fiber; the second laser is configured to generate an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module, and transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength to the third optical splitter; and the third optical splitter is further configured to transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength to the connected port.

[0157] The second laser has the same functions and implementation as the first laser in the first implementation, and thus will not be described herein again.

[0158] The second optical splitter of the intermediate device is further configured to couple the multiple optical signals of the uplink wavelengths transmitted by the multiple ports into a first uplink optical signal through energy combination, and transmit the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module. That is, the second optical splitter has the functions of the first optical splitter and the first optical coupler in the first implementation, and the splitting of the downlink signals and the coupling of the uplink signals are realized through the one optical splitter. In this implementation, the communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be realized through one optical cable connecting the oMUX and the second optical splitter, and the networking is relatively simple, which is convenient for the maintenance and management of the device.

[0159] Alternatively, the intermediate device further includes a second optical coupler, which is configured to couple the multiple optical signals of the uplink wavelengths transmitted by the multiple ports into a first uplink optical signal through energy combination, and transmit the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module. That is, the intermediate device includes both the second optical splitter and the second optical coupler, and the splitting of the downlink signals and the coupling of the uplink signals are realized through the two devices respectively. The second optical coupler is connected to the multiple ports through optical fibers respectively, and the second optical coupler is further connected to the second optical splitter of the central optical module.

[0160] The second optical coupler has the same functions and implementation as the first optical coupler in the first implementation, and thus will not be described herein again.

[0161] The oMUX in the central optical module further has the function of wavelength division, for example, the oMUX further includes a first wavelength divider connected to the second optical splitter, and the first wavelength divider is configured to receive the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the second optical splitter, and decompose the first uplink optical signal into the multiple optical signals of the uplink wavelengths. The first wavelength divider has the same functions and implementation as the first wavelength divider in the first implementation, and thus will not be described herein again.

[0162] The oMUX transmits the multiple uplink optical signals to corresponding photoelectric conversion sub-modules respectively. The photoelectric conversion sub-modules convert the received optical signals into first uplink electrical signals, and transmit the first uplink electrical signals to other modules of the routing and switching device, so that the routing and switching device obtains corresponding uplink information from the first uplink electrical signals, or performs other processing on the first uplink electrical signals, such as transmitting the first uplink electrical signals to other network devices.

[0163] In combination with uplink and downlink, the first splitting plate of the intermediate device in the first specific implementation manner is sunk into the access side optical module, thereby evolving into the second specific implementation manner described above. In this way, the mixed insertion of multiple access side optical modules can also be implemented, and specifically, the in-group mixed insertion of optical modules can be implemented, thereby improving the flexibility of optical networking and reducing the difficulty of device management and maintenance.

[0164] In FIG. 4, each of the multiple ports of the intermediate device is implemented by a physical port, which can receive optical signals of the access side optical module and transmit optical signals to the access side optical module, that is, the intermediate device and each access side optical module are connected by single fiber to transmit uplink and downlink optical signals in one optical fiber.

[0165] FIG. 5 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 5 shows a third specific implementation manner of the optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As compared with FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the architecture of the intermediate device shown in FIG. 5 is similar to that of the intermediate device shown in FIG. 4, and the architecture of the access side optical module shown in FIG. 5 is similar to that of the access side optical module shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 can be understood with reference to the related contents in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, and will not be explained in detail here. It should be understood that in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the access side optical module and the intermediate device are connected by double fiber, while in FIG. 4, the access side optical module and the intermediate device are connected by single fiber. That is, in the embodiments of the present application, the access side optical module and the intermediate device can be connected by single fiber or double fiber.

[0166] The foregoing several specific implementation manners of the optical communication system are mainly introduced from the perspective of the transmission process of optical signals. Next, the specific structure of the access side optical module provided by an embodiment of the present application will be introduced from the perspective of device structure.

[0167] From the above, the access side optical module includes a filter (such as a first filter) and a PD, wherein the filter is mainly used to filter out the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal including multiple downlink wavelengths, and the PD is mainly used to convert the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength into an electrical signal. It can be seen that the filter can be located at the light-in side of the PD, or in other words, the PD can be located at the light-out side of the filter. That is, the position of the filter in the access side optical module can have many implementations, which will be described in detail next.

[0168] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an access side optical module provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 6, the access side optical module includes a filter module 601 and a PD 602. The filter module 601 is used to receive a downlink optical signal from an optical fiber, the downlink optical signal including multiple downlink wavelengths, and the filter module 601 is also used to filter out an optical signal of a target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal. The PD 602 is located at the light-out side of the filter module 601, and the PD 602 is used to receive the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength.

[0169] Among them, the filter module 601 includes a filter and a light barrel (not shown in FIG. 6), the filter is used to filter out the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel is used to conduct at least the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength to the PD, and the PD 602 is used to receive the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength conducted by the light barrel. It should be understood that in the case where the filter is located at the light-in side of the light barrel conducting the downlink optical signal, the light barrel is used to conduct the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength; in the case where the filter is located at the light-out side of the light barrel conducting the downlink optical signal, the light barrel is used to conduct the downlink optical signal having multiple downlink wavelengths.

[0170] In the embodiment of the present application, the target downlink wavelength is the downlink wavelength in the multiple downlink wavelengths that matches the target uplink wavelength, and the target uplink wavelength is the wavelength of the uplink optical signal emitted by the access side optical module, that is, the downlink wavelength required by each access side optical module has a corresponding relationship, or in other words, a matching relationship with the wavelength of the uplink optical signal emitted. In other embodiments, the downlink wavelength required by each access side optical module can also not have a corresponding relationship with the wavelength of the uplink optical signal emitted, in other words, the access side optical module does not match the uplink and downlink, and in a possible implementation, the uplink and downlink are matched by the upper layer central switch, thereby ensuring communication reliability.

[0171] From the above, the access side optical module and the intermediate device can be connected in a single fiber manner or a double fiber manner, which will be introduced in the following cases.

[0172] First, the double fiber manner, i.e., the double fiber scheme, is introduced.

[0173] In the dual-fiber scheme, the access-side optical module includes a receiver optical sub-assembly (ROSA) and a transmitter optical sub-assembly (TOSA), the ROSA includes a filter module and a PD, the receiver optical sub-assembly is used to form a downlink optical path, and the transmitter optical sub-assembly is used to form an uplink optical path, the uplink optical path is completely non-overlapping with the downlink optical path. That is, the receiver optical sub-assembly is used to receive a downlink optical signal and sequentially processes the downlink optical signal through the filter module and the PD; and the transmitter optical sub-assembly is used to transmit an uplink optical signal.

[0174] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an access-side optical module in a dual-fiber scheme according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the access-side optical module includes a housing, a PCB, a ROSA and a TOSA. The housing is used as a protective housing for the devices inside the housing (including the PCB, the ROSA and the TOSA, etc.), and can play a role in protection and dust and water prevention. In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 7, the housing can include an upper housing and a lower housing. In another possible implementation, the housing can include a left housing and a right housing. The PCB is used to process an electrical signal obtained through the receiver optical sub-assembly, and to trigger the transmitter optical sub-assembly to generate and transmit an uplink optical signal through another electrical signal.

[0175] The filter module 601 and the PD 602 shown in FIG. 6 can be located in the ROSA shown in FIG. 7.

[0176] As known from the above, the filter plate can be located at the light-in side of the PD, that is, the position of the filter plate can have multiple implementation manners, and the following will introduce several implementation manners in combination with FIGS. 8 to 17.

[0177] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a ROSA in a dual-fiber scheme according to an embodiment of the present application. In the dual-fiber scheme, one end of the optical barrel in the ROSA receiving an optical signal is a light-in port, and one end of the optical barrel transmitting an optical signal is a light-out port, and the filter plate is located at the light-in port side of the optical barrel, which can be at the light-in port or outside the light-in port. In FIG. 8, the filter plate is specifically located in a fiber link (which can be simply referred to as an optical path) outside the light-in port, such as a fiber connector on the fiber link, and in other embodiments, the filter plate can be specifically located at the light-in port. In a possible implementation, the ROSA in FIG. 8 further includes a fixing device for fixing the filter plate, such as fixing the filter plate in the fiber link outside the light-in port. It should be understood that if the filter plate is added by modifying the existing ROSA, the fixing device can be used to fix the filter plate outside the light-in port.

[0178] In FIG. 8, the filter is used to receive the downstream optical signal, and filter the optical signal of the target downstream wavelength from the downstream optical signal, the filtered optical signal of the target downstream wavelength will be transmitted to the optical barrel, and the optical barrel is used to conduct the target downstream optical signal to the PD.

[0179] In a possible implementation, referring to FIGS. 8 to 13, the ROSA includes a filter, an optical barrel, and a PD TO package (a kind of outline package) assembly, and the PD TO assembly includes a lens and a PD. In a specific implementation, the PD TO can further include other components.

[0180] FIGS. 9 and 10 are a top view and a side view structural schematic diagram of a PD TO assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 9, a schematic diagram of the PD TO assembly inside FIG. 7 is shown in a top view. In FIG. 10, a schematic diagram of the PD TO assembly inside FIG. 7 is shown in a side view (for example, a right view). Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the PD TO assembly includes a lens (not shown in FIG. 10), a PD, a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA), and a carrier. The lens is located at the light-in side of the PD and at the light-out side of the optical barrel conducting the downstream optical signal, and is used to converge the optical signal to the PD. The carrier is used to carry the PD. The TIA is used to process the electrical signal output by the PD, for example, to amplify the electrical signal output by the PD.

[0181] FIG. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber solution provided by an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 11, the filter is located at the light-out side of the optical barrel conducting the downstream optical signal, and can be located at the light-out port or outside the light-out port. In other words, the optical barrel is located at the light-in side of the lens. It should be understood that, if the filter is added to the existing ROSA by modification, the filter can be fixed in the existing ROSA according to the size of the space in which the filter can be placed inside the ROSA, or the filter can be fixed in the existing ROSA by other modifications (for example, adding a fixing device).

[0182] In FIG. 11, the optical barrel is used to receive and conduct the downstream optical signal, the downstream optical signal will be conducted to the filter, and the filter is used to filter the optical signal of the target downstream wavelength from the downstream optical signal, the filtered optical signal of the target downstream wavelength will be transmitted to the lens, and then converged to the PD through the lens.

[0183] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a ROSA in another dual-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 12, based on the structure of the PD TO assembly shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the filter can also be located on the light exit side of the lens, such as between the lens and the PD. It should be understood that if the filter is added by modifying the existing ROSA, the filter can be fixed inside the existing ROSA by designing the size of the filter according to the space available inside the PD TO, or the filter can be fixed inside the existing PD TO assembly by other modifications (such as adding a fixing device).

[0184] In FIG. 12, the light barrel is used to receive and conduct the downstream optical signal, which is conducted to the lens, and the lens converges the downstream optical signal to the PD. The downstream optical signal is filtered by the filter on the converging light path, that is, the filter is used to filter the optical signal of the target downstream wavelength from the downstream optical signal, and the filtered optical signal of the target downstream wavelength is transmitted to the PD.

[0185] In addition to the several implementations shown in FIG. 8 to FIG. 12, in another possible implementation, the filter is located inside the light barrel, and the light barrel is divided into a first part near the light entrance and a second part near the light exit, the first part is used to conduct the downstream optical signal, and the second part is used to conduct the optical signal of the target downstream wavelength.

[0186] In the embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 8, FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the ROSA further includes an adapter, which is used to adapt the structure of the ROSA to other components, such as placing and fixing the ROSA in the access side optical module, such as fixing it in the access side optical module as shown in FIG. 7.

[0187] In addition, it should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the PD TO assembly needs to be inserted into the adapter of the ROSA when it is applied, so as to fit the adapter and the light barrel. The state of the PD TO assembly shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 is an incomplete insertion state. Referring to FIG. 13, which shows the complete insertion state of the PD TO assembly in FIG. 12.

[0188] The ROSA shown in FIG. 8 to FIG. 13 adopts a coaxial (TO) packaging method. In another implementation, referring to FIG. 14 to FIG. 17, the ROSA can also adopt a box packaging method, that is, a BOX packaging method.

[0189] FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the ROSA in another dual-fiber scheme according to the embodiments of the present application, wherein FIG. 14 is a side view and FIG. 15 is a top view. Referring to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the ROSA includes a light barrel, a filter, a lens, a PD, a TIA, a carrier, a soft board, an adapter, and the like. The filter is located at or outside the light outlet of the light barrel that conducts the downlink optical signal, i.e., at the light inlet side of the lens. The light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal to the filter, the filter is configured to filter the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, the filtered optical signal of the target downlink wavelength is transmitted to the lens, and the lens is configured to converge the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength to the PD. The PD is configured to perform photoelectric conversion on the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength to obtain an electrical signal, the TIA is configured to process the electrical signal, and the processed electrical signal is transmitted to the soft board, which is configured to be connected to a PCB to transmit the received electrical signal to the PCB.

[0190] FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the ROSA in another dual-fiber scheme according to the embodiments of the present application, wherein FIG. 16 is a side view and FIG. 17 is a top view. The difference between FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 and FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 is that, in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, the filter is located at the light outlet side of the lens, the light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal to the lens, and the lens is configured to converge the downlink optical signal, and the downlink optical signal is filtered by the filter on the converging light path, i.e., the filter is configured to filter the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, and the filtered optical signal of the target downlink wavelength is converged to the PD.

[0191] In the box packaging mode, the filter can be located at other positions on the light inlet side of the PD in addition to the positions shown in FIG. 14 to FIG. 17, for example, the filter can be located at or outside the light inlet of the light barrel that conducts the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength, or inside the light barrel.

[0192] In summary, in the dual-fiber scheme, the light barrel is configured to conduct the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength, and the filter is located at the light inlet side of the light barrel that conducts the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength; or the light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal, and the filter is located at the light outlet side of the light barrel that conducts the downlink optical signal; or the filter is located at the light outlet side of the lens in the PD TO assembly, and the light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal; or the filter is located inside the light barrel to divide the light barrel into two parts.

[0193] The above describes several possible structures of the ROSA in the dual-fiber scheme, which are only used for exemplary description of the scheme and do not limit the embodiments of the present application. In addition to the structures described above, the ROSA can also have other structures, for example, the filter can also have other more placement modes, and for example, the ROSA can also include other components.

[0194] In addition, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific structure of the TOSA. In one implementation, the TOSA includes an LD and a light barrel, the LD can be used to generate and emit an uplink optical signal to the light barrel of the TOSA, and the light barrel of the TOSA is used to emit the uplink optical signal to the outside of the access-side optical module. It should be understood that the light barrel in the TOSA is not the same as the light barrel in the ROSA, that is, the TOSA and the ROSA each have their own light barrel.

[0195] Next, a single-fiber mode (i.e., a single-fiber scheme) is introduced.

[0196] In the single-fiber scheme, in addition to the filter module and the PD, the access-side optical module also includes a beam splitter, which is located on the light-emitting side of the light barrel that transmits the target downlink wavelength optical signal and on the light-incident side of the PD; the beam splitter is also located on the light-incident side of the light barrel that transmits the uplink optical signal; the beam splitter is used to transmit the target downlink wavelength optical signal transmitted by the light barrel to the PD and transmit the uplink optical signal to the light barrel. That is, the beam splitter is used to realize the interference-free transmission of the uplink and downlink optical signals.

[0197] In one possible implementation, the beam splitter separates the uplink and downlink optical signals by reflection and transmission. It should be understood that the beam splitter has a coating (which can also be referred to as a coating layer), and the beam splitter can separate energy through the coating, specifically by reflection and refraction. For the same wavelength optical signal, the beam splitter can achieve total reflection, total transmission, half reflection and half transmission, or other proportions of reflection / transmission. Through design, different coatings can reflect / transmit different wavelengths of optical signals, based on which the beam splitter can be designed to totally transmit the uplink optical signal while totally reflecting the downlink optical signal, or in one possible implementation, totally transmit the downlink optical signal while totally reflecting the uplink optical signal. Moreover, since the downlink wavelength and the uplink wavelength are very different, the coating for total reflection will not affect the totally transmitted optical signal. Hereinafter, the beam splitter is taken as an example to introduce the case where the beam splitter transmits the uplink optical signal and reflects the downlink optical signal. That is, the beam splitter is used to reflect the optical signal transmitted by the light barrel to the PD and transmit the uplink optical signal to the light barrel.

[0198] FIGS. 18-21 are structural schematic diagrams of the access-side optical module in four single-fiber schemes according to the embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIGS. 18-21, the access-side optical module includes a light barrel, a beam splitter, a filter, a PD TO assembly, and an adapter. The PD TO assembly in the single-fiber scheme is similar in structure to the PD TO assembly in the double-fiber scheme, which is not repeated here. The adapter in the single-fiber scheme is similar in function to the adapter in the double-fiber scheme and is also used to adapt to other components. The four single-fiber schemes shown in FIGS. 18-21 differ in the position of the filter.

[0199] The filter in FIG. 18 is located at the light exit side of the light splitting plate reflecting the downlink optical signal and the light entrance side of the lens. The light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal to the light splitting plate, the light splitting plate is configured to reflect the downlink optical signal to the filter, the filter is configured to filter the target downlink wavelength optical signal from the downlink optical signal and transmit the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the lens, and the lens is configured to converge the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the PD.

[0200] The filter in FIG. 19 is located at the light exit side of the lens. The light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal to the light splitting plate, the light splitting plate is configured to reflect the downlink optical signal to the lens, the lens is configured to converge the downlink optical signal to the PD, and the downlink optical signal is filtered by the filter on the converging light path, that is, the filter is configured to filter the target downlink wavelength optical signal from the downlink optical signal, and the filtered target downlink wavelength optical signal is transmitted to the PD.

[0201] The filter in FIG. 20 is located at the light exit side of the light barrel and the side of the light splitting plate reflecting the optical signal. The light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal to the filter, the filter is configured to filter the target downlink wavelength optical signal from the downlink optical signal and transmit the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the light splitting plate, the light splitting plate is configured to reflect the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the lens, and the lens is configured to converge the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the PD.

[0202] The filter in FIG. 21 is located on the side of the light splitting plate close to the light barrel, that is, another filter is fixed on the reflecting surface of the light splitting plate. The light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal to the filter + light splitting plate, and the downlink optical signal is sequentially filtered and reflected by the filter + light splitting plate, wherein the filter is configured to filter the target downlink wavelength optical signal from the downlink optical signal, the light splitting plate is configured to reflect the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the lens, and the lens is configured to converge the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the PD.

[0203] In addition to the several implementations shown in FIGS. 18-21, in another possible implementation, the filter is located inside the light barrel and divides the light barrel into a first part away from the light splitting plate and a second part close to the light splitting plate, the first part is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal, the second part is configured to conduct the target downlink wavelength optical signal, and the first part and the second part are also configured to conduct the uplink optical signal. In another possible implementation, the filter is located at the light exit side of the light barrel conducting the uplink optical signal, such as at the light exit port of the light exit side or outside the light exit port, and the light barrel is configured to conduct the target downlink wavelength optical signal.

[0204] As known from the above, the access side optical module is also configured to transmit the uplink optical signal. In one possible implementation, the access side optical module further includes an LD, the LD is located at the light entrance side of the light splitting plate receiving the uplink optical signal, and the LD is configured to emit the uplink optical signal.

[0205] Referring to FIGS. 18-21, the access-side optical module further includes an LD TO assembly, the LD TO including an LD and a lens, and in one possible implementation, a carrier or the like. The embodiments herein do not limit the specific structure of the LD TO assembly.

[0206] In another possible implementation, the access-side optical module can not include an LD, i.e., does not have a light source, but can receive light signals transmitted by other light sources, such as a light source pool, and obtain the uplink optical signals by modulating the received light signals.

[0207] The above describes several possible structures of the access-side optical module in the single-fiber scheme, which are only used for exemplary description of the present scheme and do not limit the embodiments herein. In addition to the structures described above, the access-side optical module can also have other structures, such as other more placement manners of the filter.

[0208] In the embodiments herein, the filter in the access-side optical module can be a tunable filter, so that in the case that the uplink wavelength of the uplink optical signal emitted by the access-side optical module changes, the wavelength of the filtering is adjusted by the tunable filter, thereby filtering out the light signal of the downlink wavelength matching the changed uplink wavelength. Of course, the filter can also be a single-frequency filter, as long as the downlink wavelength of the filtered light signal can match the uplink wavelength of the light signal emitted by the access-side optical module.

[0209] The access-side optical module provided by the embodiments herein can be inserted into an access device or integrated in an access device, which is not limited by the embodiments herein. That is, the embodiments herein also provide an access device including the access-side optical module provided above.

[0210] In one possible implementation, the access-side optical module provided by the embodiments herein can also be integrated on a PCB, that is, the embodiments herein also provide a PCB including the access-side optical module provided above.

[0211] That is, the PCB includes a filter module and a PD. The filter module is configured to receive a downlink optical signal from an optical fiber, the downlink optical signal including a plurality of light signals of downlink wavelengths. The filter module includes a filter and a light barrel, the filter being configured to filter a light signal of a target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel being configured to conduct the light signal of the target downlink wavelength to at least the PD. The PD is located at an outlight side of the filter module, and the PD is configured to receive the light signal of the target downlink wavelength conducted by the light barrel.

[0212] The filter is located at an out-light port of the light cylinder or outside the out-light port, or the filter is located at an in-light port of the light cylinder or outside the in-light port, or the PCB further comprises a lens located at an in-light side of the PD and an out-light side of the light cylinder, the light cylinder is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal to the lens, the lens is configured to converge the downlink optical signal to the PD, and the filter is located at an out-light side of the lens, or the filter is located inside the light cylinder and separates the light cylinder into a first part close to an in-light port of the light cylinder and a second part close to an out-light port of the light cylinder, the first part is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal, and the second part is configured to conduct the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength.

[0213] FIG. 22 is a structural schematic diagram of a PCB in a single-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application. The PCB comprises a filter-equipped BOSA, a fiber connector, and an optical fiber. The structure of the filter-equipped BOSA can be the same as that of any of the filter-equipped access-side optical modules shown in FIGS. 18-21, for example, the filter-equipped BOSA also comprises a light cylinder, a PD TO assembly, a filter, and an LD TO assembly.

[0214] FIG. 23 is a structural schematic diagram of a PCB in a double-fiber solution according to an embodiment of the present application. The PCB comprises a filter-equipped ROSA, a fiber connector, and an optical fiber. The ROSA can be any of the ROSAs in the embodiments of FIGS. 8-17, for example, the ROSA also comprises a light cylinder, a filter, and a PD TO assembly. It should be understood that the PCB in FIG. 23 is applied to a double-fiber solution, and in a possible implementation, the PCB further comprises a TOSA, that is, both the ROSA and the TOSA are integrated on the PCB.

[0215] The fiber connectors in FIGS. 22 and 23 are configured to connect the optical fiber outside the PCB with the optical fiber inside the PCB, so as to transmit the external downlink optical signal into the light cylinder of the BOSA or the ROSA on the PCB through the optical fiber, and conduct the uplink optical signal inside the light cylinder of the BOSA or the ROSA to the external optical fiber.

[0216] The PCBs shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 can be understood as fixing the BOSA or the ROSA in FIGS. 8-21 on the respective PCBs in a manner such as welding, screwing, or other manners, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In addition to the implementation manners shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, any of the access-side optical modules or the ROSA provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be integrated on the PCB through other combinations or packaging manners.

[0217] It should be noted that the PCB provided in the above embodiments only takes the division of the above functional modules as an example when processing optical signals. In actual applications, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the PCB provided in the above embodiments belongs to the same concept as the optical communication method embodiments below and the access-side optical module above. For details of the implementation process, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0218] The communication architecture, device structure and service scenario described in the embodiments of the present application are used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of communication architecture, the update of device structure and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0219] After introducing the implementation environment and the access-side optical module provided by the embodiments of the present application, the optical communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be introduced.

[0220] FIG. 24 is a flowchart of an optical communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to an access-side optical module, which can be any access-side optical module in the above embodiments, such as any access-side optical module in the embodiments of FIGS. 3 to 21. Alternatively, the method is applied to a PCB, which can be any PCB provided by the embodiments of the present application, such as any PCB shown in FIGS. 22 to 23. Both the access-side optical module and the PCB include a filtering module and a PD, the filtering module includes a light barrel and a filter, and the PD is located on the light-out side of the filtering module. Please refer to FIG. 24, the method includes the following steps.

[0221] Step 2401: The filtering module receives a downlink optical signal, and the downlink optical signal includes optical signals of multiple downlink wavelengths.

[0222] In the case that the filter is located on the light-in side of the light barrel that conducts the downlink optical signal, the filter receives the downlink optical signal. In other cases, the light barrel receives the downlink optical signal. The other cases include the case that the filter is located on the light-out side of the light barrel, the case that the filter is located inside the light barrel, the case that the filter is located on the light-in side of the lens, the case that the filter is located on the light-out side of the lens, and the case that the filter is located on one side of the light-reflecting side of the light-splitting piece.

[0223] Step 2402: The filter in the filtering module filters out optical signals of a target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel conducts at least the optical signals of the target downlink wavelength to the PD.

[0224] In a possible implementation, the target downlink wavelength is a downlink wavelength that matches the target uplink wavelength among the plurality of downlink wavelengths, and the target uplink wavelength is a wavelength of the uplink optical signal emitted by the access-side optical module.

[0225] In the case that the filter is located at different positions, the optical signals conducted by the light barrel on the downlink optical path are different, and details can be referred to the related descriptions of the embodiments shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 23, which will not be repeated here.

[0226] In step 2403, the PD receives the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength conducted by the light barrel.

[0227] After the PD receives the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength, the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength is converted into an electrical signal, so that the access device can obtain the downlink information from the electrical signal.

[0228] In summary, in the embodiments of the present application, the access-side optical module includes a filter module and a PD, the filter module includes a filter and a light barrel, and the PD is located at the light exit side of the filter module. In this way, the downlink optical signal including a plurality of downlink wavelengths can be filtered by the filter to filter out the optical signal of the target downlink wavelength. Even if a plurality of access-side optical modules are mixed and inserted, each access-side optical module can obtain the optical signal of the corresponding target downlink wavelength through the filter, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication.

[0229] The embodiments of the present application also provide an access device, which includes any one of the access-side optical modules shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 21, or includes any one of the PCBs shown in FIG. 22 to FIG. 23. Here, the "includes" can mean "integrates" or "inserts".

[0230] It should be noted that: the access device provided in the above embodiments only uses the division of the above functional modules as an example to illustrate the transmission of optical signals. In actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the access device provided in the above embodiments, the optical communication method embodiments and the access-side optical module belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is described in detail in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0231] The embodiments of the present application also provide an optical communication system, which includes a plurality of access-side optical modules shown in any one of FIG. 3 to FIG. 21, or any one of the PCBs shown in FIG. 22 to FIG. 23. Different access-side optical modules correspond to different target downlink wavelengths, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different target uplink wavelengths.

[0232] In the embodiment of the present application, the optical communication system further comprises a routing switching device, and all the downlink optical signals received by the access-side optical modules in the optical communication system are optical signals transmitted by the routing switching device.

[0233] It should be understood that the passband of the filter in different access-side optical modules is designed differently, and different passband designs can filter out optical signals of different wavelengths. As an example, the passband design of the filter is shown in FIG. 25, the abscissa is the wavelength, and the wavelength increases from left to right; the ordinate is the transmittance, and the greater the transmittance, the smaller the attenuation of the light of the corresponding wavelength after passing through the filter, and the smaller the insertion loss. Taking coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) as an example, referring to FIG. 25, the wavelength range can be divided into a passband, a transition band, and an isolation band.

[0234] The passband: centered on the center wavelength, the L1 wavelength range is the passband, the light in the passband is the required signal light, and the insertion loss of the passband should be as small as possible; the insertion loss will affect the sensitivity of the receiving end. The standard of the CWDM center wavelength is within ±6.5 nm, so L1 usually includes a range of ±6.5 nm of the center wavelength, that is, the L1 range is 13 nm.

[0235] The transition band: the L2 wavelength range on the left and right of the passband is the transition band, and the greater the slope of the transition band, the better, taking the plurality of center wavelengths shown in Table 1 as an example, the adjacent center wavelength spacing is, for example, 20 nm, and L2=20 / 2-6.5=3.5 nm. The transition band on both sides of the passband is 3.5 nm, and the total transition band is 7 nm.

[0236] The isolation band: the part outside the transition band is the isolation band, the light in the isolation band is noise light, which will interfere with the signal, S1 represents the isolation of the isolation band in the short-wave direction, S2 represents the isolation of the isolation band in the long-wave direction, and the isolation should be as large as possible, and the isolation is usually required to be at least 23 dB.

[0237] Through the design, the passband of the filter in the plurality of access-side optical modules in the optical communication system can be determined according to the plurality of center wavelengths shown in Table 1, so that the plurality of access-side optical modules respectively filter out the optical signals of the target downlink wavelengths required by each access-side optical module through the respective filters.

[0238] Table 1

[0239] The optical communication system and the optical communication method embodiments and the access-side optical module provided by the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0240] Figure 26 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application, which can be the access device in any of the above embodiments. The communication device 2600 can be a switch, a router, or other communication device forwarding packets. In the embodiment, the communication device 2600 includes a master board 2610, an interface board 2630, and an interface board 2640. In the case of multiple interface boards, a switch fabric board (not shown in Figure 26) can be included to complete data exchange between the interface boards (interface boards are also called line cards or service boards).

[0241] The master board 2610 is used to complete system management, device maintenance, protocol processing, and the like. The interface boards 2630 and 2640 are used to provide various service interfaces (e.g., a POS (packet over SONET / SDH) interface, a Gigabit Ethernet (GE) interface, an ATM interface, and the like) and implement data flow forwarding. There are mainly three types of functional units on the master board 2610: a system management control unit, a system clock unit, and a system maintenance unit. The master board 2610, the interface board 2630, and the interface board 2640 are connected to a system backboard through a system bus to realize intercommunication. The interface board 2630 includes one or more processors 2631. The processor 2631 is used to control and manage the interface board, communicate with a central processor on the master board, and implement data flow forwarding processing. A memory 2632 on the interface board 2630 is used to store forwarding table entries, and the processor 2631 performs data flow forwarding by looking up the forwarding table entries stored in the memory 2632.

[0242] In a possible implementation, each interface board can also be a PCB, and the interface board is also called an input / output (IO) board. In some embodiments, the interface board can be an interface board in an optical communication device, various switches applied to campus scenarios, a data center switch, a data center server, a router, and the like. The interface board of the communication device mainly provides an external communication interface for the communication device and implements data forwarding functions. The communication device and an external network can communicate through the interface board, and the communication device and other communication devices can also communicate through the interface board. For example, the interface board 2630 includes one or more communication interfaces 2633 used to receive data flows or other information sent by a terminal or other devices of a network and process the data flows or data according to an indication of the processor 2631. The specific implementation process is not described here.

[0243] In some embodiments, the communication device 2600 further comprises an optical module (not shown) as any of the access side optical modules shown in FIGS. 3-21. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, any one or more interface boards comprise the filtering module and the PD in the embodiments of the present application, such as any of the PCBs shown in FIGS. 22-23.

[0244] It can be understood that, as shown in FIG. 26, the embodiments of the present application comprise a plurality of interface boards, and a distributed forwarding mechanism is adopted, under which the interface board 2640 comprises a processor 2641, a memory 2642, and one or more communication interfaces 2643, and the operations on the interface board 2640 are basically similar to those of the interface board 2630, and thus will not be described again for the sake of brevity. In addition, it can be understood that the processor 2631 in the interface board 2630 in FIG. 26 and / or the processor 2641 in the interface board 2640 can be a special hardware or chip, such as a network processor or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), to implement the above-mentioned functions, which is a commonly used forwarding plane processing mode using a special hardware or chip. The specific implementation mode of using a network processor as a special hardware or chip can refer to the embodiment shown in FIG. 27 below. In another embodiment, the processor 2631 and / or the processor 2641 can also use a general-purpose processor, such as a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), to implement the above-described functions.

[0245] In addition, it should be noted that the master board can have one or more, and when there are multiple master boards, the master boards can comprise a primary master board and a backup master board. The interface board can have one or more, and the stronger the data processing capability of the device, the more interface boards provided. In the case of multiple interface boards, the multiple interface boards can communicate through one or more switching network boards, and when there are multiple switching network boards, they can jointly implement load sharing and redundancy. Under the centralized forwarding architecture, the device can not need a switching network board, and the interface board can undertake the processing function of the entire system of service data. Under the distributed forwarding architecture, the device comprises multiple interface boards, and the data exchange between the multiple interface boards can be implemented through the switching network board to provide large-capacity data exchange and processing capability. Therefore, the data access and processing capability of the communication device of the distributed architecture is greater than that of the device of the centralized architecture. The specific architecture to be adopted depends on the specific networking deployment scenario, and thus is not limited herein.

[0246] In some embodiments, the memory 2632 can be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an optical disk including a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a compressed disk, a laser disk, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc, and the like, a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory 2632 can exist independently and be connected to the processor 2631 through a communication bus. The memory 2632 can also be integrated with the processor 2631.

[0247] In some embodiments, the communication interface 2633 can be a device using any transceiver, which is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), and the like. The communication interface 2633 includes a wired communication interface and can also include a wireless communication interface. The wired communication interface can be an Ethernet interface, for example. The Ethernet interface can be an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof. The wireless communication interface can be a WLAN interface, a cellular network communication interface, or a combination thereof. When the communication device is any communication device in the domain, the communication interface 2633 is used to forward data messages to other communication devices.

[0248] In some embodiments, the communication device can include multiple processors, each of which can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. The processor herein can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0249] In some embodiments, the memory 2632 is used to store program code for implementing the solutions of the present application, and the processor 2631 can execute the program code stored in the memory 2632 to cause the communication device 2600 to perform the processing steps of the access device in the above-mentioned method or apparatus embodiments. For specific implementation, reference can be made to the detailed description of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 25, which will not be repeated here.

[0250] Figure 27 is a structural schematic diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which can be the access device in any of the above embodiments. In this embodiment, the communication device 2700 includes a master board 2710, an interface board 2730, a switching network board 2720, and an interface board 2740. In some embodiments, the communication device 2600 further includes an optical module (not shown), which is any of the access-side optical modules shown in Figures 3 to 21. Alternatively, in other embodiments, any one or more of the interface boards include the filtering module and the PD in the embodiments of the present application, for example, the interface board is any of the PCBs shown in Figures 22 to 23.

[0251] The master board 2710 is configured to perform system management, device maintenance, protocol processing, and the like. The switching network board 2720 is configured to perform data switching between the interface boards (also referred to as line cards or service boards). The interface boards 2730 and 2740 are configured to provide various service interfaces (for example, POS interfaces, GE interfaces, ATM interfaces, and the like) and implement data packet forwarding. The control plane is constituted by the management and control units of the master board 2710 and the management and control units on the interface boards 2730 and 2740, and the like. The master board 2710 mainly has three types of functional units: a system management control unit, a system clock unit, and a system maintenance unit. The master board 2710, the interface boards 2730 and 2740, and the switching network board 2720 are connected to a system backboard through a system bus to realize intercommunication. The central processor 2731 on the interface board 2730 is configured to control and manage the interface board and communicate with the central processor on the master board. The forwarding table item storage 2734 on the interface board 2730 is configured to store forwarding table items, and the network processor 2732 performs data flow forwarding by looking up the forwarding table items stored in the forwarding table item storage 2734.

[0252] The physical interface card 2733 of the interface board 2730 is configured to receive data streams or other data sent by terminals or other devices. The specific implementation process is not described here again.

[0253] The network processor 2732 is configured to process the received data streams and the like. The specific functions of the network processor 2732 are not described here again. For example, the network processor 2732 can execute program codes to cause the communication device 2700 to perform the processing steps of the access device in the above method or device embodiments. The specific implementation can refer to the detailed description in the embodiments of Figures 2 to 24, which is not described here again.

[0254] It can be understood that, as shown in FIG. 27, the embodiment of the present application includes multiple interface boards, and adopts a distributed forwarding mechanism. In this mechanism, the interface board 2740 includes a central processor 2741, a forwarding table item storage 2744, a physical interface card 2743 and a network processor 2742. The operation on the interface board 2740 is basically similar to that of the interface board 2730. For the sake of brevity, no further description is given. In addition, as mentioned above, the functions of the network processors 2732 and 2742 in FIG. 27 can be replaced by application specific integrated circuits (ASICs).

[0255] In addition, it should be noted that the master board can have one or more, and when there are multiple master boards, the master boards can include a main master board and a backup master board. The interface board can have one or more, and the more interface boards are provided, the stronger the data processing capability of the device. The physical interface card on the interface board can also have one or more. The switching network board can have none or one or more, and when there are multiple switching network boards, they can collectively implement load sharing and redundancy. In the centralized forwarding architecture, the device can not need a switching network board, and the interface board can undertake the processing function of the entire system. In the distributed forwarding architecture, the device can have at least one switching network board, and the data exchange between multiple interface boards is realized through the switching network board, thereby providing large-capacity data exchange and processing capability. Therefore, the data access and processing capability of the communication device in the distributed architecture is greater than that of the device in the centralized architecture. The specific architecture to be adopted depends on the specific networking deployment scenario, and no limitation is given herein.

[0256] Please refer to FIG. 28, which is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. In a possible implementation, the communication device is the access device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 25, and the communication device includes one or more processors 2801, a communication bus 2802, a memory 2803, one or more communication interfaces 2804, an optical module (not shown) and a PCB (not shown). The optical module is any of the access-side optical modules shown in FIGS. 3 to 21, and the PCB is any of the PCBs shown in FIGS. 22 to 23.

[0257] The processor 2801 is a general purpose CPU, a network processor (NP), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits utilized to implement the methods according to the embodiments of the application, e.g., an ASIC, a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. In one possible implementation, the PLD is a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

[0258] The communication bus 2802 is for communicating information among the above components. In one possible implementation, the communication bus 2802 is divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 28, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0259] In one possible implementation, the memory 2803 is a ROM, a RAM, an EEPROM, an optical disk (including a CD-ROM, a compact disk, a laser disk, a digital universal disk, a Blu-ray disk, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and capable of being accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 2803 exists independently and is connected to the processor 2801 through the communication bus 2802, or the memory 2803 is integrated with the processor 2801.

[0260] The communication interface 2804 uses any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks. The communication interface 2804 includes a wired communication interface, and in one possible implementation, a wireless communication interface. The wired communication interface is, for example, an Ethernet interface. In one possible implementation, the Ethernet interface is an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof. The wireless communication interface is, for example, a WLAN interface, a cellular network communication interface, or a combination thereof.

[0261] In some embodiments, the communication device includes multiple processors, such as the processor 2801 and the processor 2805 shown in FIG. 28. Each of these processors is a single core processor, or a multi-core processor. In one possible implementation, the processor herein refers to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0262] In some embodiments, the communication device further includes an output device 2806 and an input device 2807. The output device 2806 is in communication with the processor 2801 and is capable of presenting information in a variety of manners. For example, the output device 2806 is a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, a projector, or the like. The input device 2807 is in communication with the processor 2801 and is capable of receiving input from a user in a variety of manners. For example, the input device 2807 is a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensor device, or the like.

[0263] In some embodiments, the memory 2803 is used to store program code 2810 for implementing the schemes of the present application, and the processor 2801 is capable of executing the program code 2810 stored in the memory 2803 to cause the communication device to perform the processing steps of the access device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2-24. The specific implementation can be referred to the detailed description of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2-25, which will not be described here.

[0264] In the above embodiments, all or part can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed by a computer, the computer instructions generate all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server or data center to another via wired (for example: coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (for example: infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) manner. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. integrated with one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (for example: floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (for example: digital versatile disc (DVD)) or semiconductor media (for example: solid state disk (SSD)) etc. It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be a non-volatile storage medium, in other words, it can be a non-transitory storage medium.

[0265] It should be understood that "at least one" mentioned herein refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents the meaning of or, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" herein only describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, "first", "second" and the like are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same function and role in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can understand that "first", "second" and the like do not limit the number and execution order, and "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily mean different.

[0266] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) and signals involved in the embodiments of the present application are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data need to comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions.

[0267] The above is the embodiment provided by the present application, which does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An optical module characterized by comprising: The optical module comprises a filter module and a photodiode (PD); The filter module is configured to receive a downlink optical signal from an optical fiber, the downlink optical signal comprising a plurality of downlink wavelength optical signals; The filter module comprises a filter and a light barrel, the filter is configured to filter a target downlink wavelength optical signal from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel is configured to conduct the target downlink wavelength optical signal to the PD; The PD is located on the light emitting side of the filter module, and is configured to receive the target downlink wavelength optical signal conducted by the light barrel.

2. The optical module of claim 1, wherein, The optical module comprises a receiving optical assembly and a transmitting optical assembly, the receiving optical assembly comprises the filter module and the PD, and is configured to form a downlink optical path, and the transmitting optical assembly is configured to form an uplink optical path, the uplink optical path is completely non-overlapping with the downlink optical path.

3. The optical module of claim 2, wherein, The filter is located inside the light barrel and separates the light barrel into a first part close to the light inlet of the light barrel and a second part close to the light outlet of the light barrel, the first part is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal, and the second part is configured to conduct the target downlink wavelength optical signal.

4. The optical module of claim 1, wherein, The optical module further comprises a light splitting plate; The light splitting plate is located on the light emitting side of the light barrel conducting the target downlink wavelength optical signal, and on the light inlet side of the PD, and is also located on the light inlet side of the light barrel conducting the uplink optical signal emitted by the optical module, and is configured to transmit the target downlink wavelength optical signal conducted by the light barrel to the PD and transmit the uplink optical signal to the light barrel.

5. The optical module of claim 4, wherein, The optical module further comprises a laser diode (LD), the LD is located on the light inlet side of the light splitting plate receiving the uplink optical signal, and is configured to emit the uplink optical signal.

6. The optical module according to claim 4 or 5, wherein The filter is located inside the light barrel and separates the light barrel into a first part away from the light splitting plate and a second part close to the light splitting plate, the first part is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal, and the second part is configured to conduct the target downlink wavelength optical signal, and the first part and the second part are also configured to conduct the uplink optical signal.

7. The optical module according to claim 4 or 5, wherein The filter is located on one side of the light splitting plate close to the light barrel, and the light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal.

8. The optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized by, The light barrel is configured to conduct the target downlink wavelength optical signal, and the filter is located at the light inlet or outside the light inlet of the light barrel conducting the target downlink wavelength.

9. The optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized by, The light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal, and the filter is located at the light outlet or outside the light outlet of the light barrel conducting the downlink optical signal.

10. The optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized by, The optical module further comprises a lens, the lens is located on the light inlet side of the PD and on the light outlet side of the light barrel conducting the downlink optical signal, the light barrel is configured to conduct the downlink optical signal to the lens, the lens is configured to converge the downlink optical signal to the PD, and the filter is located on the light outlet side of the lens.

11. The optical module of claim 10, wherein, The optical module comprises a PD through optical (TO) package assembly, and the PD TO package assembly comprises the PD and the lens.

12. The method of any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The target downlink wavelength is a downlink wavelength in the plurality of downlink wavelengths that matches a target uplink wavelength, and the target uplink wavelength is a wavelength of an uplink optical signal emitted by the optical module.

13. The optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein The filter is a tunable filter.

14. The optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein The optical module is inserted into an access device, or the optical module is integrated in the access device.

15. An access device, comprising: The access device comprises the optical module according to any one of claims 1-14.

16. A printed circuit board (PCB), characterized by, The PCB comprises a filter module and a photodiode (PD). The filter module is configured to receive a downlink optical signal from an optical fiber, and the downlink optical signal comprises a plurality of downlink wavelengths. The filter module comprises a filter and a light barrel, the filter is configured to filter out a target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel is configured to conduct the target downlink wavelength to at least the PD. The PD is located on an optical output side of the filter module, and the PD is configured to receive the target downlink wavelength conducted by the light barrel.

17. A method of optical communication, the method comprising: An optical module comprises a filter module and a photodiode (PD), the filter module comprises a filter and a light barrel, and the PD is located on an optical output side of the filter module; the method comprises: The filter module receives a downlink optical signal, and the downlink optical signal comprises a plurality of downlink wavelengths; The filter filters out a target downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal, and the light barrel conducts the target downlink wavelength to at least the PD; The PD receives the target downlink wavelength conducted by the light barrel.

18. An optical communication system, characterized by The optical communication system comprises a plurality of optical modules according to any one of claims 1-14, and different optical modules correspond to different target downlink wavelengths.

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