Metal SLAG filter structure for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition

Abstract

A structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water comprises a metal slag filter member for slowing a flow and filtering the metal slag formed from melting a thermite composition from a thermite reaction, thereby preventing downward movement of the metal slag and allowing downward flow of the metal-containing water to the tubing. A lower edge of a lower cross-section of a metal slag filter member allows an outer surface to contact an inner wall of the tubing. A surrounding area is provided with a rib to facilitate heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing. The metal slag filter member is fitted to a support member, wherein a lower edge of a lower cross-section of the support member has a base.

Description

[0001] METAL SLAG FILTER STRUCTURE FOR PETROLEUM WELL PLUG AND ABANDONMENT USING A THERMITE COMPOSITION

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] Chemical science and petrochemistry related to a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition and a process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using the said structure

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Plugging and abandonment of petroleum wells by blocking the remaining petroleum in the wellbore with metal is a process used for dismantling installations in petroleum operations from the area. Metal used to block the remaining petroleum in the wellbore like a thermite composition is a composition of reducing metal (aluminum) and a metal oxide, which is triggered to initiate a thermite reaction that generates extremely high heat of up to 2,000°C and sufficient energy to melt, solidify, and expand the metal to plug the petroleum well. This energy can also be used to cut and destroy petroleum tubing within the well required to be dismantled. The plugging and abandonment of petroleum wells using the thermite reaction as a part of the operation exists in some prior arts, as illustrated in the inventions in the following patent documents.

[0006] WO 2020 / 169977 Al, titled “ THERMITE METHOD OF ABANDONING A WELL,” discloses a method of abandoning a petroleum well using a thermite composition. The method is carried out by adding the thermite composition to the innermost part of the petroleum tubing to be removed in order to cut the tubing from the inside. An ignition is then performed to heat the thermite composition to trigger a reaction at the bottom of the tubing.

[0007] WO 2021 / 038254 Al, titled “ METHOD OF ABANDONING A WELL,” discloses a method of plugging a wellbore using a thermite composition. The invention uses a plurality of cartridges to contain the thermite composition and deliver it into the wellbore required to be plugged and sealed. Upon reaching the required position, the first cartridge is ignited to activate the subsequent cartridges. One of the problems with using the thermite reaction is excessive combustion that leads to explosion due to the heat release from the reaction, potentially causing damage to equipment parts or injury to operators. In some cases, using inappropriate chemical composition for thermite reaction may result in leaks or incomplete sealing of the petroleum well due to insufficient metal content for sealing the tubing to be dismantled, leading to natural gas leaks that adversely affects the environment. Additionally, the reaction may not be capable of effectively cutting the tubing to be dismantled; the sealing of the tubing is thus inadequate to prevent leaks, which could also result in natural gas leaks. It can be seen that the success of cutting or sealing the tubing is a crucial factor for the effectiveness of the plugging and abandonment of petroleum wells. Although there is a very large amount of heat and energy from the thermite reaction, if the metal-containing water which can be melted does not move to cut or seal the tubing as intended, it may lead to leaks or contamination of toxic composition into the surrounding environment. The contamination from excessive metal slag produced by the reaction may obstruct the metalcontaining water's functionality.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention aims to develop a structure that can inhibit metal slag and promote flow of metal-containing water into the tubing to be dismantled. There are mentions in some prior arts of inventions that help filter metal slag.

[0009] JP 1994299263 A, titled “ METHOD FOR REMOVING SLAG FROM Al OR Al ALLOY MOLTEN METAL,” discloses the removal of metal slag on the surface of aluminum by adding a small amount of oxide, based on the weights of metal slag and molten metal, that reacts with the aluminum into the metal slag on the surface of the molten metal. The metal slag is then heated and removed. The oxide used is silicon dioxide (SiO?) or a mixture of silicon dioxide (SiO?) and iron oxide (Fe2Os).

[0010] CN 102699521 A, titled “ SIMPLE ELECTROLESS WELDING PEN AND PREPARATION METHOD OF ELECTROLESS WELDING PEN,” discloses the use of slagging agents which are calcium fluoride (CaFi) powder and calcium sulfate (CaSO4) powder to separate the metal slag in a simple electroless welding pen containing a thermite with a particle size of 100-200 mesh.

[0011] This invention has developed a thermite composition with added metal to help moderate the reaction, preventing it from becoming excessively violent, as well as to increase the metal content for sealing the tubing. It also aims to develop a highly effective ratio of reducing metal to metal oxide for destroying the petroleum tubing to be dismantled and sealing the tubing with an appropriate thermite reaction. Additionally, research has been conducted to enhance the efficiency of the thermite reaction to create highly effective explosion for destroying and sealing the tubing by inventing the layered arrangement of thermite composition, allowing each layer to serve its purpose in destroying, plugging, and sealing the petroleum well, respectively. Such a development has not been previously observed.

[0012] It can be seen that filtering or inhibiting metal slag mainly involves the use of chemicals, which may have disadvantages that are not suitable for the process of plugging and abandoning petroleum wells using the thermite composition. The addition of chemicals other than the thermite composition may affect the efficiency of the thermite reaction in cutting or sealing the tubing. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to the present invention can filter or inhibit metal slag from the thermite reaction, preventing it from being mixed with the metal-containing water, which will be used to cut or seal the tubing. Additionally, the inverted conical shape of the structure allows the metalcontaining water with extremely high temperature from the thermite reaction to effectively contact an inner wall surface of the tubing without losing heat. The heat from the metalcontaining water can therefore effectively cut through the tubing intended to be plugged and abandoned, particularly enabling effective lateral cutting of the tubing. Such a development has not been previously observed.

[0013] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0014] The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition comprises: a metal slag filter member having a lower cross-section with a diameter greater than that of an upper cross-section, configured to slow a flow and filter the metal slag formed from melting the thermite composition from a thermite reaction, thereby preventing downward movement of metal slag and allowing downward Newtonian flow of the metal-containing water; a lower edge of the lower cross-section of the metal slag filter member, which allows an outer surface to contact an inner wall of the tubing to aid in the distribution of heat from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the molten thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing; a surrounding area provided around the lower edge of the lower cross-section of the metal slag filter member and having a rib, which is convex from the outer surface of the surrounding area and contacts the inner wall of a tubing, facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing, and further comprising a groove, which is concave into the outer surface of the surrounding area for supporting the flow of the metal-containing water downward into the tubing; a support member configured as an enclosed area connected along both open ends, the support member having a diameter smaller than that of the surrounding area, wherein an upper cross-section of the support member accommodates a fitting of the surrounding area of the lower cross- section of the metal slag filter member; and a lower edge of a lower cross-section of the support member having a base to support the lower edge of the lower cross-section of the support member.

[0015] For a process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water, the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water is arranged at the bottom of the tubing, followed by the layered thermite composition, before being introduced into the petroleum well to be plugged and abandoned. The petroleum well is provided with a mechanical bridge plug. An ignition is the initiated to trigger a thermite reaction that causes metal melting for tube sealing and preventing gas leakage. The metal-containing water subsequently flows at an angle of inclination or along the conical shape of the metal slag filter member of the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water and contacts the tubing wall without losing heat. The tubing can thus be cut in an effective manner. An upper portion of the metal slag filter member also helps to inhibit or filter the metal slag to prevent it from being mixed with the metal-containing water.

[0016] The present invention aims to produce the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using the thermite composition which enhances the efficiency of cutting and sealing the tubing, prevents heat loss from the metal-containing water that comes into contact with the inner wall of the tubing, reduces contamination of the metal-containing water by metal slag, and helps to reduce environmental pollution that may result from natural gas leaks from wellbores or petroleum tubing that are no longer in use.

[0017] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the metal slag filter member of the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition.

[0019] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention relates to a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition and a process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using the said structure. The various aspects of the invention are described below.

[0021] Any aspects illustrated herein shall encompass applications to other aspects of the present invention, unless otherwise specified.

[0022] Technical or scientific terms used herein are defined as understood by a person skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified.

[0023] Any instruments, equipment, methods, or chemicals mentioned herein refer to those commonly practiced or used by a person skilled in the art, unless expressly indicated as specific or unique instruments, equipment, methods, or chemicals to this invention.

[0024] The following presents the details of the invention without intending to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

[0025] The present invention relates to the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition and the process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using the said structure. According to Fig. 1, the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metalcontaining water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition is installed below a layer of thermite composition, which is provided in a tubing 100 containing a composition for use in a process for petroleum well plug and abandonment. The structure comprises: a. a metal slag filter member 10 having a lower cross-section 102 with a diameter greater than that of an upper cross-section 101, configured to slow a flow and filter the metal slag formed from melting the thermite composition from a thermite reaction, thereby preventing downward movement of the metal slag and allowing downward Newtonian flow of the metal-containing water; an embodiment of the metal slag filter member 10 being an inverted cone shape, with an upper area sloping outward from a center toward a lower area; b. a lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10, which allows an outer surface to contact an inner wall of the tubing 100, facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing 100 and creating a surrounding area 103 around the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102; c. the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 having a rib 104, which is convex from an outer surface of the surrounding area 103, with an outer surface of the rib 104 in contact with the inner wall of the tubing 100 to facilitate heat transfer from the metalcontaining water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing 100; d. a support member 20 configured as an enclosed area connected along both open ends, the support member 20 having a diameter smaller than that of the surrounding area 103, wherein an upper cross-section 201 of the support member 20 accommodates a fitting of the surrounding area 103 of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10; and e. a lower edge of a lower cross-section 202 of the support member 20 having at least one base 203 to support the lower edge of the lower cross-section 202 of the support member 20.

[0026] In an embodiment, the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 has a diameter which corresponds to that of the tubing 100.

[0027] In another embodiment, the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 has a diameter which corresponds to that of the tubing 100.

[0028] In another embodiment, the metal slag filter member 10 is preferably installed at a center of the tubing 100.

[0029] In another embodiment, the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower crosssection 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 is not higher than a position of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 202 of the support member 20.

[0030] In another embodiment, the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower crosssection 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 has a height that is lower than that of the metal slag filter member 10. In another embodiment, the rib 104 of the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 contacts the inner wall of the tubing 100, facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing 100

[0031] According to Figs. 2a and 2b, the metal slag filter member 10 further comprises a groove 105 which is concave into the outer surface of the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10.

[0032] In an embodiment, the groove 105 of the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 supports the flow of the metalcontaining water downward into the tubing 100.

[0033] The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to the present invention is made of materials which can be selected from any one of ceramic, porous ceramic, materials having heat insulation properties, porous materials having heat insulation properties, or a combination thereof.

[0034] The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water can be used in the process for petroleum well plug and abandonment to enhance the efficiency in the plugging and abandonment of petroleum wells with the use of thermite composition. The process comprises the steps of:

[0035] 1) preparing a thermite composition comprising a tube-sealing composition, which comprises aluminium and a metal oxide; and a gas leakage-preventing composition, which comprises a metal with a melting point ranging from 100-300°C, each composition being mixed separately before arranging in a tubing;

[0036] 2) plugging a petroleum well to be plugged and abandoned with a mechanical bridge plug;

[0037] 3) placing the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metalcontaining water in the tubing before filling the thermite composition;

[0038] 4) layering the thermite composition prepared in step 1 in a closed, hollow tubing, wherein the layering of the thermite composition provides the tube-sealing composition at the bottom, followed by the gas leakage-preventing composition, before introducing to the petroleum well to be plugged and abandoned; and 5) initiating an ignition to generate thermal energy, triggering a thermite reaction that causes metal melting for tube sealing and preventing gas leakage, wherein an explosion caused by said thermite reaction occurs on the lateral and lower sides.

[0039] In an embodiment, the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metalcontaining water comprises: a. the metal slag filter member 10 having a lower cross-section 102 with a diameter greater than that of an upper cross-section 101, configured to slow the flow and filter the metal slag formed from melting the thermite composition from the thermite reaction, thereby preventing downward movement of the metal slag and allowing for downward Newtonian flow of the metal-containing water; b. the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10, which allows the outer surface to contact the inner wall of the tubing 100, facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the molten thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing 100 and creating the surrounding area 103 around the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102; c. the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 having the rib 104 which is convex from the outer surface of the surrounding area 103 with the outer surface of the rib 104 in contact with the inner wall of the tubing 100 to facilitate heat transfer from the metalcontaining water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing 100; d. the support member 20 configured as an enclosed area connected along both open ends, the support member 20 having a diameter smaller than that of the surrounding area 103, wherein the upper cross-section 201 of the support member 20 accommodates the fitting of the surrounding area 103 of the lower crosssection 102 of the metal slag filter member 10; and e. the lower edge of the lower cross-section 202 of the support member 20 having at least one base 203 to support the lower edge of the lower cross-section 202 of the support member 20.

[0040] In an embodiment, the arrangement of the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water preferably allows the metal slag filter member 10 to be installed at the center of the tubing 100. In another embodiment, the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 has a diameter which corresponds to that of the tubing 100.

[0041] In another embodiment, the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 has a diameter which corresponds to that of the tubing 100.

[0042] In another embodiment, the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower crosssection 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 is not higher than a position of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 202 of the support member 20.

[0043] In another embodiment, the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower crosssection 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 has a height that is lower than that of the metal slag filter member 10.

[0044] In another embodiment, the rib 104 of the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 contacts the inner wall of the tubing 100, facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing 100.

[0045] In another embodiment, in the process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water, the metal slag filter member 10 further comprises the groove 105 which is concave into the outer surface of the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10.

[0046] In another embodiment, the groove 105 of the surrounding area 103 of the lower edge of the lower cross-section 102 of the metal slag filter member 10 supports the flow of the metalcontaining water downward into the tubing 100.

[0047] In another embodiment, the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water is made of materials which can be selected from any one of ceramic, porous ceramic, materials having heat insulation properties, porous materials having heat insulation properties, or a combination thereof.

[0048] Any modifications or changes may be clearly understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, provided that they fall within the scope and intent of the present invention, as shown in the appended claims.

[0049] BEST MODE OF THE INVENTION

[0050] Best mode of the invention is as described in the detailed description of the invention.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition, the structure being installed below a layer of thermite composition within a tubing (100), which contains a composition for use in a process for petroleum well plug and abandonment, and comprising: a. a metal slag filter member (10) having a lower cross-section (102) with a diameter greater than that of an upper cross-section ( 101), configured to slow a flow and filter the metal slag formed from melting the thermite composition from a thermite reaction, thereby preventing downward movement of the metal slag and allowing downward Newtonian flow of the metal-containing water; b. a lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10), which allows an outer surface to contact an inner wall of the tubing (100), facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing (100) and creating a surrounding area (103) around the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102); c. the surrounding area ( 103) of the lower edge of the lower cross-section ( 102) of the metal slag filter member (10) having a rib (104), which is convex from an outer surface of the surrounding area (103), with an outer surface of the rib ( 104) in contact with the inner wall of the tubing (100) to facilitate heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing (100); d. a support member (20) configured as an enclosed area connected along both open ends, the support member (20) having a diameter smaller than that of the surrounding area (103), wherein an upper cross-section (201) of the support member (20) accommodates a fitting of the surrounding area (103) of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10); ande. a lower edge of a lower cross-section (202) of the support member (20) having at least one base (203) to support the lower edge of the lower cross- section (202) of the support member (20).

2. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 1, wherein the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) has a diameter which corresponds to that of the tubing (100).

3. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 1, wherein the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) has a diameter which corresponds to that of the tubing (100).

4. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 1, wherein the metal slag filter member (10) is installed at a center of the tubing (100).

5. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 1, wherein the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) is not higher than a position of the lower edge of the lower cross-section (202) of the support member (20).

6. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 1, wherein the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) has a height that is lower than that of the metal slag filter member (10).

7. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 1, wherein the rib (104) of the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) contacts the inner wall of the tubing (100), facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing (100).

8. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 1 further comprising a groove (105) which is concave into the outer surface of the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower crosssection (102) of the metal slag filter member (10).

9. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 8, wherein the groove (105) of the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) supports the flow of the metal-containing water downward into the tubing (100).

10. The structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a thermite composition according to claim 1 which is made of materials selected from any one of ceramic, porous ceramic, materials having heat insulation properties, porous materials having heat insulation properties, or a combination thereof.

11. A process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water, the process comprising the steps of:1) preparing a thermite composition comprising a tube-sealing composition, which comprises aluminium and a metal oxide; and a gas leakage-preventing composition, which comprises a metal with a melting point ranging from 100-300°C, each composition being mixed separately before arranging in a tubing;2) plugging a petroleum well to be plugged and abandoned with a mechanical bridge plug;3) layering the thermite composition prepared in step 1) in a closed, hollow tubing, wherein the layering of the thermite composition provides the tube-sealing composition at the bottom, followed bythe gas leakage-preventing composition, before introducing to the petroleum well to be plugged and abandoned; and4) initiating an ignition to generate thermal energy, triggering a thermite reaction that causes metal melting for tube sealing and preventing gas leakage, wherein an explosion caused by said thermite reaction occurs on the lateral and lower sides, characterized in that the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water is arranged inside the tubing before filling the thermite composition, wherein the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water comprises: a. the metal slag filter member (10) having the lower cross-section (102) with the diameter greater than that of the upper cross-section (101), configured to slow the flow and filter the metal slag formed from melting the thermite composition from the thermite reaction, thereby preventing downward movement of the metal slag and allowing for downward Newtonian flow of the metal-containing water; b. the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10), which allows the outer surface to contact the inner wall of the tubing (100), facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing (100) and creating the surrounding area (103) around the lower edge of the lower crosssection (102); c. the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower crosssection (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) having the rib (104) which is convex from the outer surface of the surrounding area (103) with the outer surface of the rib (104) in contact with the inner wall of the tubing (100) to facilitate heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing (100);d. the support member (20) configured as the enclosed area connected along both open ends, the support member (20) having the diameter smaller than that of the surrounding area (103), wherein the upper cross-section (201) of the support member (20) accommodates a fitting of the surrounding area (103) of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10); and e. the lower edge of the lower cross-section (202) of the support member (20) having at least one base (203) to support the lower edge of the lower cross-section (202) of the support member (20).

12. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 11, wherein the arrangement of the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water allows the metal slag filter member (10) to be installed at a center of the tubing (100).

13. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 11, wherein the lower cross-section ( 102) of the metal slag filter member (10) has a diameter which corresponds to that of the tubing (100).

14. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 11, wherein the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) has a diameter which corresponds to that of the tubing (100).

15. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 11, wherein the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower crosssection (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) is not higher than a position of the lower edge of the lower cross-section (202) of the support member (20).

16. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 11, wherein the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower crosssection (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) has a height that is lower than that of the metal slag filter member (10).

17. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 11, wherein the rib (104) of the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower cross-section (102) of the metal slag filter member (10) contacts the inner wall of the tubing (100), facilitating heat transfer from the metal-containing water obtained from melting the thermite composition to the inner wall of the tubing (100).

18. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 11 further comprising a groove (105) which is concave into the outer surface of the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower cross-section ( 102) of the metal slag filter member (10).

19. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 18, wherein the groove (105) of the surrounding area (103) of the lower edge of the lower cross-section ( 102) of the metal slag filter member (10) supports the flow of the metal-containing water downward into the tubing (100).

20. The process for petroleum well plug and abandonment using a structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water according to claim 11, wherein the structure for inhibiting metal slag and promoting flow of metal-containing water is made of materials selected from any one of ceramic, porous ceramic, materials having heat insulation properties, porous materials having heat insulation properties, or a combination thereof.

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