A system for early detection of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer

Abstract

The present subject matter describes a system facilitating for prediction of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer. The system uses a body fluid in a test tube (305) and placing it in an aluminum chamber (324) connected with a magnetron (304). Then, recording heat generation and heat loss of body fluid in the test tube (305) with an Infra-Red camera (306). Basis that, making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve and calculating data points of the test tube (305), on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring factors. Finally, on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring ratios, displaying prediction of physiological diseases including cancer on a display unit (350). With the present invention, prediction of physiological diseases including cancer becomes accurate, cost effective, and with minimal inconvenience to user.

Description

A SYSTEM FOR EARLY DETECTION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL DISEASES INCLUDING EARLY DETECTION OF CANCERTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present subject matter relates generally to a medical image processing. More particularly but not specifically, the present invention relates to the system for early detection of physiological diseases including early stage of cancer to assist medical practitioners in performing complex detection at very early stage.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure and function of all or at-least a part of an organism. Generally, the existing diagnostic modalities detect diseases once symptoms occur and the disease has been progressed substantially. An early diagnostic system with much deeper insight about disease progression is required for better understanding of the physiological diseases including cancer.

[0003] In current times, cancer is the deadliest disease among all the physiological diseases. It poses the highest social, clinical and economic burden amongst all human disease. Early detection of cancer is very much essential in terms of cancer management, as most of the cancers remains asymptomatic initially and are overlooked. Huge number of patients seeks medical attention when the cancer has advanced substantially. An advanced cancer poses clinical challenges and have poor outcome in terms of morbidity and mortality. For better outcome all cancers must be diagnosed at very early stage. Though the cancer research has advanced greatly, till the exact etiology of cancer initiation and progression largely remains unknown.

[0004] Various solutions and system have been developed so far for effective and accurate detection for the physiological diseases particularly of the cancer. However, till day, no single consistently effective and economical solution for early detection of every physiological disease including early stage detection of cancer have been achieved. Thus, there is an objective to obtain an effective, consistent, economical and durable solution to detect the physiological diseases including cancer at very early stage.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended toidentify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0006] In one aspect of the present invention, a system for early prediction of physiological diseases including early stage detection of cancer. The system comprises a sample unit, a test tube, a microwave heating chamber, a magnetron with power supply, an infrared camera, a timer, a storage and processing unit, and a display unit. The sample unit is provided for collecting a body fluid sample from the suspected subject. The test tube is connected to the sample unit for conducting the detection and prediction process, the test tube is a glass test tube and specially designed for microwave heating. The micro wave heating chamber is developed for placing the test tube, an infrared camera is placed at a specific distance from the heating chamber and imaging of the heating event of the test tube. The infrared camera measures heat generation and heat loss of blood in the test tube. The timer is connected to the magnetron power supply to cuts off the magnetron after a fixed time. The storage unit is connected to the infrared camera for getting and storing data of a plurality of test samples and making a plot of the heat uptake curve and measuring the peak heat time and heat uptake rate. Finally, the display unit is connected to the storage unit. The display unit displays result of existence and non-existence of physiological diseases including cancer, from either the blood and any other body fluids sample analyzed with the infrared camera after making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring factors and after calculating data points of the test tube on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring ratios. The pre-determined measuring factors comprises factors such as heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat time, heat uptake rate, heat uptake rate per pixel, total steady time, in the heat gain curve last 5% heat gain time, angle values and angle change time of the curves, in the heat loss curve first 5% heat loss time, ratio of first 5% heat loss time and last 5% heat gain time, and ratio of first 5% heat loss time between examined blood and 0.9% normal saline.

[0007] In another embodiment of the present invention, the display unit is for displaying one of the possible three results based on the factor includes such as heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat time, gradient rise time and gradient decay time, heat uptake rate, heat uptake rate per pixel, high total steady time.

[0008] In another embodiment of the present invention, the three results include first result is having mild physiological diseases without existence of cancer, a second result having evidence of physiological disease and with or without cancer, and third result having an active cancer.

[0009] In another aspect of the present invention, the system is provided for facilitating for prediction of physiological diseases including cancer. The system comprising several steps. Firstly, putting a pre-determined amount of body fluid from the test sample in a specially designed test tube. Secondly, placing the test tube in specially designed aluminum chamber coupled with a magnetron. The magnetron with heating chamber and IR camera are placed inside a specially designed cabinet for performing imaging of microwave heating and cooling event of the body fluid inside the test tube. Thirdly, activating and deactivating a timer to cuts off the magnetron power supply after a fixed time. Fourthly, recording heat generation and heat loss of body fluid in the test tube with an Infra-Red camera. During this step, the Infra-Red camera is placed at a pre-determined distance from the magnetron and heating chamber. Fifthly, calculating data points of the test tube on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring ratios. The pre-determined measuring ratio comprises a first ratio, a second ratio, a third ratio and a fourth ratio. The first ratio is a ratio of time (tn) taken by test blood in the test tube to attain maximum temperature (Tmax) and time (tNs) taken by same amount of 0.9% normal saline to attain maximum temperature (Tmax) after same time of the microwave heating. The equation is {(tbiood) / (tNs)}.

[0010] The second ratio is a ratio of mean temperature rise per second of test blood (Rbiood) in the test tube and mean temperature rise per second of same amount of 0.9% normal saline (RNS) after same time of the microwave heating. The equation is {(Rbiood) / (RNS)} . The third ratio is a ratio between percentages of time taken to reach the maximum gradient point (ton) to total time (tn) blood to the percentage of time taken to reach the maximum gradient point (tGNs) to total time (tNs) of same amount of 0.9% normal saline. The equation is [{(tGbiood) / (tbiood)} / {(tGNs) / (tNs)}]. The fourth ratio is a ratio between the gradient decay time (tGDbiood) and gradient rise time (tcbiood) of blood. The equation is {(tGDbiood) / (tcbiood)}. Finally, the combination of the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio and the fourth ratio for predicting physiological diseases including cancer. Finally, displaying prediction of physiological diseases including cancer on a display unit.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a predefined set of values assigned to the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio and the fourth ratio for developing a pair of scoring systems to accurately determining one of the results mild physiological diseases without cancer, physiological diseases including aging with or without cancer, and strong presence of cancer.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring factors. The pre -determinedmeasuring factors comprises factors such as heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat time, heat generation rate, time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time, heat generation rate per pixel, total steady time, in the heat gain curve last 5% heat gain time, angle values and angle change time of the curves, in the heat loss curve first 5% heat loss time, ratio of first 5% heat loss time and last 5% heat gain time, and ratio of first 5% heat loss time between examined blood and 0.9% normal saline.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the prediction of the physiological diseases results comprises a first result, a second result and a third result after doing multivariate analysis including age, sex, hematocrit values and other relevant parameters and the data generated by the system.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first result is based on high heat generated (max, mean and sum), low peak heat time, high heat uptake rate, high heat uptake rate per pixel, high ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, low total steady time, thereby determining existence of mild physiological diseases but no cancer.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second result is based on medium heat generated (max, mean and sum), medium peak heat time, medium heat uptake rate, medium heat uptake rate per pixel, medium ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, medium total steady time, thereby determining physiological diseases including aging and cancer

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the third result is based on low heat generated (max, mean and sum), high peak heat time, low heat uptake rate, low heat uptake rate per pixel, low ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, high total steady time determines strong presence of cancer.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, body fluid is either the blood or other body fluid such as saliva, urine etc. Further, blood is drawn to measure CBC, blood sugar, urea, creatinine, total protein, sodium, potassium and other relevant data.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined amount of body fluid is taken out from the test sample in the test tube, and the range of the predetermined amount of body fluid is between 0.5 ml and 1 ml.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the micro wave heating chamber is kept inside a container whose temperature is kept constant every time and developed for placing the infrared camera and imaging of the heating and cooling event in the test tube.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the microwave heating chamber and magnetron is adjusted between 0.5 foot to 12 foot.

[0021] One of the advantages of the present invention is that the system of accurate detection of physiological diseases becomes cost effective.

[0022] One of the advantage of the present invention is that the system is a low-cost system, high-throughput, early detection tool with high selectivity and specificity for cancer detection.

[0023] One more advantage of the present invention is that the system has been developed for effective and accurate detection of the physiological diseases including cancer.

[0024] One more advantage of the present invention is that the system ensures that there is no discomfort or inconvenience happened to user body accurate detection for the physiological diseases including cancer.

[0025] One more advantage of the present invention is that the system provides ease in detection of physiological disease and works in accordance with the medical practitioners thereby making the system user-friendly.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying figures. The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like features and components.

[0027] Fig. 1 illustrates a layout of a system to facilitate prediction of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

[0028] Fig. 1A illustrates a flow process depicting the system facilitating for prediction of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

[0029] Fig. 2 illustrates a complete set-up of the system for prediction of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

[0030] Fig. 3a and 3b depicts graph between mean temperature and time for sample for describing the data points, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

[0031] Fig. 3c depicts a graph showing comparison between variation of mean temperature increase over time for a new bom and adult, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

[0032] Fig. 3d depicts a graph between variation of mean temperature increase over time for male and female, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

[0033] Fig. 3e depicts a graph between variation of mean temperature increase over time for diabetic and non-diabetic, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

[0034] Fig. 3f shows a graph for comparison of variation of mean temperature increase over time for cancer and non-cancer subject, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

[0035] The drawings referred to in this description are not to be understood as being drawn to scale except if specifically noted, and such drawings are only exemplary in nature.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Various features and embodiments of the present invention here will be discernible from the following further description thereof, set out hereunder. Further, in the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used, and other changes may be made, without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that the aspects of the present disclosure, as generally described herein, and illustrated in the Figures, can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are explicitly contemplated herein.

[0037] According to an embodiment, a system for accurate prediction of physiological diseases including cancer is disclosed. The detailed explanation of the constitution of parts other than the present invention which constitutes an essential part has been omitted at suitable places.

[0038] It is an objective of the present invention is to resolve all above-mentioned problems attached with the prior arts. The above-mentioned problem related to the accurate prediction of physiological diseases including cancer is very much prevalent in modem era. Hence, developing the system for accurate prediction of physiological diseases including cancer is a herculean task.

[0039] It is an aspect of the present subject matter to provide the system for accurate prediction of physiological diseases including cancer.

[0040] It is an effect of the present subject matter that the quality of life will be improved and consistent detection of the physiological disease.

[0041] It is another advantage of the present subject matter that the system of detection remains cost effective.

[0042] The aforesaid and other advantages of the present subject matter would be described in greater detail in conjunction with the figures in the following description.

[0043] Fig. 1 and 1A illustrate a system (300) facilitating for accurate prediction of physiological diseases including cancer. The system (300) comprises a test tube (305), a transformer capacitor unit (303), a magnetron (304), a heating chamber (324), an infrared camera (306), a timer (302), a magnetron power supply unit (301), a storage and processing unit (307), and a display unit (350). The magnetron power supply unit (301) in interchangeably termed as the magnetron power unit (301).

[0044] The system (300) working comprising several steps. Primarily (S301), user to operate the system gives to command to switch on the magnetron power unit (301). Then, Firstly (S302), putting a pre -determined amount of body fluid from the test sample in a specially designed test tube (305). In present embodiment, the test tube (305) is a glass test tube (305) and specially designed for microwave heating.

[0045] Secondly (S303), placing the test tube (305) in a specially designed aluminum chamber (324) coupled with a magnetron (304). The coupling of the heating chamber (324) with the magnetron (304) is done at the time of operating the system. In that, the microwave heating chamber (324) with magnetron and IR camera are placed inside a specially designed cabinet for performing imaging of microwave heating and cooling event of the body fluid inside the test tube (305). Further, the transformer capacitor unit (303) is provided to regulate and measure voltage and provide voltage signals to components in the system (300). The transformer capacitor unit (303) functions in accordance with their widely known function in power systems. The stable operation of the transformer capacitor unit (303) is essential with the safety of the system (300).

[0046] Thirdly (S304), activating and deactivating a timer (302) to cuts off the magnetron power supply (301) after a fixed time. The timer (302) is programmable so that the magnetron power supply (301) operates for pre-determined running time (Tr) and then the timer (302) automatically switch off the magnetron power supply (301). In another embodiment, the timer (302) may be controlled by a controller unit which is controlled by a portable device (350) (it is the display unit). The portable device (350) is for the user to control and activate the timer(302). The portable device (350) may be a display unit, mobile phone, or a remote controller or a blue tooth device.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined amount of body fluid is taken out from the test sample (315) in the test tube (305), and the range of the predetermined amount of body fluid is between 0.5 ml and 1 ml or may vary according to requirements. In one embodiment of the present invention, the test sample body fluid is either blood or any other body fluid. In present embodiment, the body fluid taken is blood. Blood is also drawn to measure CBC, blood sugar, urea, creatinine, total protein, sodium, potassium and other relevant data. However, in another embodiment, the body fluid taken may be other fluids like saliva, serum, plasma, CSF and others.

[0048] Fourthly (S305), recording heat generation and heat loss of body fluid in the test tube(305) with an Infra-Red camera (306). During this step, the Infra-Red camera (306) is placed at a pre-determined distance from the magnetron (304) and heating chamber (324). The distance is kept in balance between the Infra-Red camera (306) and the magnetron (304). In present embodiment, the distance between the microwave heating chamber (324) and the magnetron (304) is adjusted between 0.5 foot to 12 foot so that the magnetron (304) doesn’t interfere with the Infrared camera (306). However, in another embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the microwave heating chamber (324) and the magnetron (304) may go beyond the defined range of 0.5 foot to 12 foot for the purpose of effective heating while ensuring that that the magnetron (304) doesn’t interfere with the Infrared camera (306).

[0049] A storage and processing unit (307) is used to store data from the Infra-Red camera(306). Further, the magnetron (304) generates 2.45 GHz frequency microwave. As the electromagnetic waves in the microwave are efficiently absorbed by several substances and therefore they are used primarily for fast and controlled heating in the present invention.

[0050] Since the electric field is oscillating, the water molecules rotate with the electric field. Microwave of 2.45 GHz is optimal because the time taken for the electric field to oscillate is consistent with the time taken for a water molecule to rotate 180°. As the water molecules rotate, they transfer some of their kinetic energy to other molecules surrounding them and generate heat. When blood is subjected to 2.45 GHz microwave coming from the magnetron (304), the water present in blood will oscillate leading to generation of heat. This heat generation directly depends on structure of water molecule, impurities, and other factors such as protein conformation and stability. Also, in an embodiment of the invention, the magnetron (304) may be interchangeably termed as the microwave heating chamber (324).

[0051] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the microwave heating chamber (324) is kept inside a container whose temperature is kept constant every time and developed for placing the infrared camera (306) and imaging of the heating and cooling event with the test tube (305).

[0052] Fifthly (S307), calculating data points of the test tube (305) on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring ratios. The pre-determined measuring ratios comprise a first ratio, a second ratio, a third ratio and a fourth ratio. The first ratio is a ratio of time (tn) taken by test blood in the test tube (305) to attain maximum temperature (Tmax) and time (INS) taken by same amount of 0.9% normal saline to attain maximum temperature (Tmax) after same time of the microwave heating (324). The equation is {(tbiood) / (tNs)}.

[0053] The second ratio is a ratio of mean temperature rise per second of test blood (Rbiood) in the test tube (305) and mean temperature rise per second of same amount of 0.9% normal saline (RNS) after same time of the microwave heating (324). The equation is {(Rbiood) / (RNS)} - The third ratio is a ratio between percentage of time taken to reach the maximum gradient point (tGBiood) to total time blood (tBiood) to the percentage of time taken to reach the maximum gradient point (tGNs) to total time (tNs) of same amount of 0.9% normal saline. The equation is [{(tGbiood) / (tbiood)} / {(tGNs) / (tNs)}]. The fourth ratio is a ratio between the gradient decay time (tGDbiood) and gradient rise time (tcbiood) of blood. The equation is {(tGDbiood) / (tcbiood)}. Finally, the combination of the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio and the fourth ratio for accurately predicting physiological diseases including cancer and displaying on a display unit (350). The data points and ratios are as follows:

[0054] In present embodiment, the predetermined amount of 0.9% normal saline the same volume of test body fluid subjected for microwave heating. However, in another embodiment, the predetermined amount may be different in accordance with user and system requirement.

[0055] Particularly, in present embodiment, for calculating ratios, a region of interest (ROI) determining the boundary of the test tube (305) is selected either manually or automatically. The pixel area of the region of interest (ROI) is kept same during every experiment. Then a mean temperature rise with time series data was stored. Basis on that, a temperature vs time curve was then plotted to determine the value of peak temperature (Tmax) gained over time (tmax). From the curve, determination of the maximum gradient point where the gradient value dT / dt is maximum. 0.5 ml or any predetermined volume of 0.9% normal saline (NS) was heated in the same way for a pre-determined time and all the data are to be recorded every day before performing the blood experiment. The microwave heating (304) of 0.9% NS is to bedone to normalize the blood data points. The data generated from heating 0.9% NS and test blood samples, give calculation of the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio and the fourth ratio.

[0056] Further, a predefined set of values assigned to the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio and the fourth ratio for developing a pair of scoring systems to accurately determine mild physiological diseases without cancer, physiological diseases including aging with or without cancer, and strongly cancer. The pair of scoring systems comprises a first scoring system and a second scoring system. The first scoring system comprises of first three ratios. The second scoring system comprises of the fourth ratio. As hematocrit is the key variable three groups were created and different points were given according to the values of each ratio.

[0057] Particularly, in present embodiment, for developing the pair of scoring systems, below tables are used. Thus, in accordance with the first scoring system whenever the combined score of the first ratio, the second ratio, and the third ratio comes to one of the below seven scores, then the inference will be decided respectively to that score. For healthy person with mild physiological disease without cancer, the score value is either 0, 1, or 2. Persons with physiological disease which may or may not be cancer score value is 3 or 4. Persons with strong presence of cancer score value is 5 or 6.

[0058] To revalidate, the first scoring system is supported by second scoring system which is solely based on the fourth ratio. The forth scoring system exclusively classifies between cancer and non-cancer.

[0059] In present embodiment, the pair of scoring systems are relying on the combination of the above-mentioned four ratios wherein first three are in first scoring system and the fourth one in second scoring system. However, in another embodiment, there may be other combination of any ratios can be done to do the scoring and to determine the physiological diseases.

[0060] Also, in present embodiment, alternatively, making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring factors. The pre-determined measuring factors comprises factors such as heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat time, heat uptake rate, heat uptake rate per pixel, time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time, total steady time, in the heat gain curve last 5% heat gain time, angle values and angle change time of the curves, in the heat loss curve first 5% heat loss time, ratio of first 5% heat loss time and last 5% heat gain time, and ratio of first 5% heat loss time between examined blood and 0.9% normal saline. Finally (S350), displaying prediction of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer on the display unit (350).

[0061] In another embodiment, making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve on the basis of set of other pre-determined measuring factors may be done by usage of artificial intelligence and machine learning models also.

[0062] More particularly, the prediction of the physiological diseases results comprises a first result, a second result and a third result after doing multivariate analysis including age, sex, hematocrit values and other relevant parameters and the data generated by the system. The first result is based on high heat generated (max, mean and sum), low peak heat time, high heat uptake rate, high heat uptake rate per pixel, high ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, low total steady time, thereby determining existence of mild physiological diseases but no cancer. This means that if the patient / person is getting first result on the display unit (350), then the patient / person is suffering from mild physiological diseases but not cancer.

[0063] In the present invention, the second result is based on medium heat generated (max, mean and sum), medium peak heat time, medium heat uptake rate, medium heat uptake rate per pixel, medium ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, medium total steady time, thereby determining physiological diseases including aging and cancer. When thepatient / person is getting second result on the display unit (350), then the patient / person is suffering from physiological diseases which may be or may not be cancer.

[0064] In the present invention the third result is based on is low heat generated (max, mean and sum), high peak heat time, low heat uptake rate, low heat uptake rate per pixel, low ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, high total steady time determines cancer. When the patient / person is getting third result on the display unit (350), then the patient / person is definitely suffering from cancer.

[0065] In the present invention a fourth result is based on the fourth ratio to determine if a person is suffering from cancer or not as binary classification. It is to substantiate the first three results.

[0066] Referring further to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, the system (300) having the sample unit (315) is provided for collecting a body fluid sample from the suspected subject. The test tube (305) is connected to the sample unit (315) for processing the detection and prediction process, the test tube (305) is a glass test tube (305) and specially designed for microwave heating. The microwave heating chamber (324) is developed for placing the test tube (305), an infrared camera (306) placed at a specific distance from the heating chamber and imaging of the heating event with the test tube (305). The infrared camera (306) measures heat generation of blood in the test tube (305). The timer (302) is connected to the magnetron power supply unit (301) to cuts off the magnetron (304) after a fixed time. The storage unit and processing unit (307) is connected to the infrared camera (306) for getting and storing data of a plurality of test samples having blood and making a plot of the heat uptake curve and measuring the peak heat time, heat uptake rate and other relevant data points. Finally, the display unit (350) is connected to the storage and processing unit (307). The display unit (350) displays result of existence and non-existence of physiological diseases including cancer, from either blood or any other body fluids sample analyzed with the infrared camera (306) and after making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring factors, wherein the pre-determined measuring factors comprises factors such as heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat time, heat uptake rate, time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time, heat uptake rate per pixel, total steady time, in the heat gain curve last 5% heat gain time, angle values and angle change time of the curves, in the heat loss curve first 5% heat loss time, ratio of first 5% heat loss time and last 5% heat gain time, and ratio of first 5% heat loss time between examined blood and 0.9% normal saline. The results displayed by the display unit (350) are the result of detection of existence and non-existence of physiological diseases including cancer.

[0067] In another embodiment of the present invention, the display unit (350) display one of the possible three results based on the factor includes such as heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat time, heat uptake rate, time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time, heat uptake rate per pixel, total steady time.

[0068] In another embodiment of the present invention, the three results include first result is having a mild physiological disease but no cancer, a second result having evidence of physiological disease which may or may not be cancer, and third result having definite cancer.

[0069] In another embodiment of the present invention, the fourth result is to determine if a person is suffering from cancer or not as binary classification. It is to substantiate the first three results for the presence of cancer.

[0070] Referring from Fig. 3c to Fig. 3f, Patients or their relatives of any age group with or without suffering from physiological diseases (hypertension, diabetes, autoimmune disease, neuro-degenerative disease, and cancer) were called for doing the experiment of this invention. For performing this experiment, venous blood was drawn to measure CBC, blood sugar, urea, creatinine, total protein, Na and K. Out of the drawn blood 0.5 ml blood will be taken in specially designed glass test-tube (305) for heating in the microwave heating chamber (324).

[0071] Fig. 3a and 3b show the variation of mean temperature with time for a sample (blood or 0.9% NS). As in Fig. 3a, heating started from point A (start of the temperature rise) and ended at point B (stop of the temperature rise). For instance, tA is a time at point A is and tn is time at point B. Also, the temperature at point A is TA and at point B is TB. TA is the temperature point where heating of the sample starts and TB is the point where heating of the sample ends. The heating takes place in short span of time. Thereafter, the datasheet is arranged by considering tA and TA are zero by subtracting the time array up to tA and temperature array up to TA. Thus, a new data sheet is generated and is plotted in Fig. 3b. As, in Fig. 3b, point D represent the maximum temperature rise condition. Hence, time at point D (to) is taken as the tWater or tbiood for water and blood respectively for the maximum time analysis in the result section. Also, the temperature at point D (TD) is taken as the Twater or Tbiood for water and blood respectively the maximum temperature analysis in the result section.

[0072] Further, the point C represents the maximum gradient ( -' — ~)maxcondition.Hence, time at point C (tc) is taken as the tGwater or tobiood for water and blood respectively the gradient time analysis in the result section. In the result section we consider tc as the gradient rise time (IGR) and (to - tc) as the gradient decay time (too).

[0073] The present invention clearly demonstrates physical properties of whole blood such as dielectric constant, specific heat; thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity vary with aging and disease conditions. There are other parameters also involved. Perhaps these changes occur years before the symptomatic onset of diseases in the latency period. Identifying these variations in the latency period is the key surviving factor in all physiological diseases. Precise estimation of these alterations of physical properties and subsequent corrections by various means would potentially help in overcoming chemotherapy and radiation resistance in cancer.

[0074] In the present invention, for experimental usage and research of the system (300), total 225 sample units of body fluids (315) with different types and stages of physiological disease including cancer are being used. After complete working of the system (300), the results of fourth ratio for cancer prediction on 225 sample units shows that there are true negative 138 cases, true positive 72 cases, false positive 5 cases and false negative 9 cases. Thus, the overall sensitivity of the present invention is 89% and specificity is 96.5%.

[0075] The present invention is mainly focused towards evaluating the biophysical properties of cancer development. The physical forces play important roles in cancer biology, in terms of progression, invasiveness, and drug resistance. After accumulating genetic mutations when a normal cell turns cancerous and subsequently metastasize phase transitions occurs in the cell level as well as the whole body level. Blood specific heat, viscosity, conductivity, dielectric properties and micro-circulatory flow are the physical parameters which might be altered in cancer initiation and progression. Measuring the thermo-physical properties of blood in the present invention can give deeper and accurate insight towards cancer initiation and progression. Thus, the present invention is an effective tool for very early prediction of cancer.

[0076] The present subject matter is providing the system (300) which is a low-cost system, high-throughput, early detection tool with high sensitivity and specificity for detection of cancer and other physiological diseases.

[0077] The present subject matter is providing the system which has been developed for effective and accurate detection for the physiological diseases including cancer.

[0078] The present subject matter is providing the system (300) which ensures that there is no discomfort or inconvenience happened to user body during accurate detection for the physiological diseases including cancer.

[0079] The present subject matter is providing the system (300) which provides ease in detection of physiological diseases including cancer and works in accordance with the medical practitioners thereby making the system user-friendly.

[0080] The present subject matter is working by capturing the thermo-physical properties more specifically heat uptake curve and peak heat time of blood / body-fluid. As the thermo-physical properties like heat uptake curve, peak heat time, and time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time are different between cancer and non-cancer patients. Thus, determining the heat uptake curve and peak heat time, and time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time of blood and monitoring blood parameters such as complete blood count, blood glucose, urea, creatinine, liver function, and blood electrolytes at regular intervals might help us in very early prediction of cancer.

[0081] While preferred embodiments of the present subject matter have been described above, it is to be understood that variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing the scope and spirit of the present subject matter.

Claims

CLAIMSWe Claim:

1. A system (300) for early prediction of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer, wherein the system (300) comprises: a sample unit (315) provided for collecting a body fluid sample from subject; a test tube (305) connected to the sample unit (315) for conducting the detection and prediction process, the test tube (305) is a glass test tube (305) and specially designed for microwave heating; a magnetron (304) coupled with a heating chamber (324) developed for placing the test tube (305); an infrared camera (306) placed at a specific distance from the heating chamber (324) for imaging of the heating and cooling event of the test tube (305), wherein the infrared camera (306) measures heat generation and heat loss of body fluid over time in the test tube (305); a timer (302) connected to a magnetron power supply unit (301) to cut off the magnetron (304) after a fixed time; a storage and processing unit (307) connected to the infrared camera (306) for getting and storing data of a plurality of test samples and making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve and measuring the peak heat time and heat uptake rate; and a display unit (350) connected to the storage and processing unit (307), wherein the display unit (350) displays result of existence and non-existence of physiological diseases including cancer, from the blood and any other body fluids sample analyzed with the infrared camera (306) and after making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve on the basis of set of pre-determined measuring factors, wherein calculating set of pre-determined measuring ratios, on the basis of data points of the test tube (305), and measuring the pre-determined measuring factors comprises factors such as but not limited to heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat generation time, heat generation rate, time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time, heat uptake rate per pixel, total steady time, in the heat gain curve last 5% heat gain time, angle values and angle change time of the curves, in the heat loss curve first 5% heat loss time, ratio of first 5% heat loss time and last 5% heat gain time, and ratio of first 5% heat loss time between examined blood and 0.9% normal saline.. The system (300) for prediction of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display unit (350) display one of the possible three results based on the factor includes such as heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat time, heat uptake rate, time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time, heat uptake rate per pixel, total steady time.

3. The system (300) for prediction of physiological diseases including early detection of cancer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three results include first result is having physiological diseases and non-existence of cancer, a second result having physiological disease and one of the existence and non-existence of cancer, and third result having an active cancer.

4. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a predefined set of values assigned to the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio for developing a scoring systems to accurately determining presence of physiological diseases but non-existence of cancer, physiological diseases including cancer, and strong presence of cancer.

5. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a predefined set of values assigned to the fourth ratio for developing a scoring system to determine that the sample unit (315) is having one of the existence and non-existence of cancer as binary classification.

6. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (300) comprising making a plot of the heat uptake and heat loss curve for calculating set of pre -determined measuring factors by usage of one of the artificial intelligence and machine learning models, wherein the pre-determined measuring factors comprises factors such as heat generated (max, mean and sum), peak heat time, heat generation rate, time to reach maximum gradient, gradient decay time, heat uptake rate per pixel, total steady time, in the heat gain curve last heat gain time, angle values and angle change time of the curves, in the heat loss curve initial heat loss time, ratio of initial heat loss time and last heat gain time, and ratio of initial heat loss time between examined blood and a prefixed amount normal saline, thereby predicting physiological diseases including early detection of cancer and displaying on a display unit (350).

7. The system (300) claimed in claim 1, wherein the prediction of the physiological diseases results comprises a first result, a second result and a third result after doing multivariate analysis including age, sex, hematocrit values and other relevant parameters and the data generated by the system (300).

8. The system (300) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first result is based on high heat generated (max, mean and sum), low peak heat time, high heat uptake rate, high heat uptake rate per pixel, high ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, low total steady time, thereby determining existence of mild physiological diseases but non-existence of cancer.

9. The system (300) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the second result is based on medium heat generated (max, mean and sum), medium peak heat time, medium heat uptake rate, medium heat uptake rate per pixel, medium ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, medium total steady time, thereby determining presence of physiological diseases including aging and one of the existence and non-existence of cancer.

10. The system (300) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the third result is based on low heat generated (max, mean and sum), high peak heat time, low heat uptake rate, low heat uptake rate per pixel, low ratio value of maximum gradient time to total time, high total steady time strongly determines presence of cancer.

11. The system (300) claimed in claim 1, wherein the prediction of cancer is validated with the fourth ratio after doing multivariate analysis including age, sex, hematocrit values and other relevant parameters and the data generated by the system. Wherein high ratio value of gradient decay time to maximum gradient time strongly determines presence of cancer, while low ratio value of gradient decay time to maximum gradient time determines non-existence of cancer.

12. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein body fluid is one of the blood and other body fluid, wherein blood is drawn to measure CBC, blood sugar, urea, creatinine, total protein, sodium, potassium and other relevant data.

13. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predetermined amount of body fluid taken out from the test sample (315) in the test tube (305), and the range of the predetermined amount of body fluid is between 0.5 ml and 1 ml.

14. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave heating chamber(324) kept inside a container having temperature is kept constant every time and developed for placing the infrared camera (306) imaging of the heating and cooling event in the test tube (305).

15. The system (300) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the micro wave heating chamber (324) and the magnetron (304) is adjusted between 0.5 foot to 12 foot.

Images