Devices and methods for generating improved preambles in a mobile network
By employing enhanced Zadoff-Chu sequences with cyclic and frequency shifts, the inefficiencies in generating preambles in 3GPP networks are addressed, increasing the number of orthogonal preambles and improving network capacity for concurrent initial-access attempts.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
The existing methods for generating preambles in 3GPP mobile networks using Zadoff-Chu sequences are inefficient, limiting the number of concurrent initial-access attempts and terminal devices that can be serviced due to the fixed cyclic shifts and repetition of sequences, which does not effectively utilize time-frequency resources.
Generating a set of enhanced Zadoff-Chu sequences through cyclic shifts and frequency shifting of the original ZC sequences, allowing for a larger number of orthogonal preambles, even when the sequence length is not a prime number, by concatenating and adding cyclic prefixes and suffixes to the sequences.
This approach enables the transmission of a larger number of orthogonal preambles, enhancing the capacity for concurrent initial-access attempts and supporting a greater number of terminal devices in the network.
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Figure CN2024122240_02042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR GENERATING IMPROVED PREAMBLES IN A MOBILE NETWORKTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to wireless communications. More specifically, the present invention relates to devices and methods for generating improved preambles in a mobile network, in particular a 3GPP mobile network.BACKGROUND
[0002] Physical random-access channel (PRACH) is an essential part of wireless communication systems, including 5G new radio (NR) as it is used by terminal devices to transmit preambles needed for establishing the initial access between them and the network. Zadoff-Chu sequences (herein also referred to as ZC sequences) are chirp-like sequences used for generating those initial-access preambles in 4G LTE and 5G systems.
[0003] In each cell area, the Zadoff-Chu sequences to be used for initial access are generated by the terminals using a root value signaled in a downlink message by the base station of the cell i.e., the same root value are used by all the terminals of one cell. Nonetheless, the preambles from different terminals can still be distinguishable at the base station because each terminal applies a cyclic shift to the Zadoff-Chu sequence of a value that is randomly selected from a set of possible shift values also signaled by the base station. To enhance coverage, a preamble may be composed of repetitions of a ZC sequence. When this is the case, the number of different preambles per cell i.e., the number of distinguishable concurrent initial-access transmissions, is still dictated by the number of cyclic shifts of the repeated sequence and is not increased although the length of the preamble has been increased due to the repetitions.
[0004] Simply repeating a sequence to form the preamble is an inefficient use of time-frequency resources that limits the RACH capacity to support a larger number of concurrent initial-access attempts and, as a consequence, the number of terminal devices that can be simultaneously serviced. Thus, there is a need for devices and methods for generating improved preambles based on ZC sequences in a mobile network, in particular a 3GPP mobile network.SUMMARY
[0005] It is an objective to provide improved devices and methods for generating improved preambles based on ZC sequences in a mobile network, in particular a 3GPP mobile network.
[0006] The foregoing and other objectives are achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further implementation forms are apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the figures.
[0007] According to a first aspect a wireless terminal device is provided, wherein the wireless terminal device is configured to obtain a plurality of, i.e. ρ generalized, i.e. enhanced Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence (herein also referred to as legacy ZC sequence) of length vZC, i.e. having vZC elements and root value v with v∈ {1, …, vZC-1} multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC. Moreover, the wireless terminal device is further configured to generate a preamble based on one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences and transmit the preamble. The wireless terminal device according to the first aspect allows generating and transmitting a large number of long orthogonal ZC preambles, wherein the number of long orthogonal ZC preambles may be equal to the length of the preamble even when the value of this length is not a prime, while making it possible to transmit and detect these long ZC preambles using multiple OFDM symbols (multiple subsequent small IFFTs rather than one large IFFT) .
[0008] In a further possible implementation form, the length vZC of the original ZC sequence is a prime number.
[0009] In a further possible implementation form, the wireless terminal device according to the first aspect is configured to generate the preamble based on the one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences by concatenating the one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences.
[0010] In a further possible implementation form, the wireless terminal device according to the first aspect is configured to generate the preamble by adding a preamble cyclic prefix and / or a preamble zero suffix to the concatenation of the one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences.
[0011] In a further possible implementation form, the wireless terminal device according to the first aspect is configured to receive one or more ZC sequence parameters from a wireless network device and to obtain the generalized ZC sequence based on the one or more ZC sequence parameters.
[0012] In a further possible implementation form, the wireless terminal device according to the first aspect is configured to generate the generalized ZC sequence based on the one or more ZC sequence parameters.
[0013] In a further possible implementation form, the one or more ZC sequence parameters comprise one or more possible index values and wherein the wireless terminal device is configured to select one index value of the one or more possible index values for determining the cyclic shift, i.e. a cyclic shift value Cm.
[0014] In a further possible implementation form, the one or more ZC sequence parameters comprise: the root value v, and / or the sequence length vZC.
[0015] In a further possible implementation form, the wireless terminal device according to the first aspect is configured to generate the plurality of generalized ZC sequences based on the following equation:
[0016] wherein NZC=ρ×vZC and wherein
[0017] In a further possible implementation form, the wireless terminal device according to the first aspect is configured to transmit the preamble on a physical random-access channel, PRACH, of a wireless communications system to a wireless network device.
[0018] According to a second aspect a communication method is provided, wherein the communication method comprises:
[0019] obtaining a plurality of, i.e. ρ generalized, i.e. enhanced Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC, i.e. having vZC elements and root value v (with v∈ {1, …, vZC-1} ) multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC;
[0020] generating a preamble based on one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences; and
[0021] transmitting the preamble.
[0022] The method according to the second aspect can be performed by the wireless terminal device according to the first aspect. Thus, further features of the method according to the second aspect result directly from the functionality of the wireless terminal device according to the first aspect as well as its different implementation forms described above and below.
[0023] According to a third aspect a wireless network device is provided. The wireless network device is configured to receive a preamble from a wireless terminal device, wherein the preamble is based on one or more, preferably all of a plurality of generalized Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC, i.e. having vZC elements and root value υ (with υ∈ {1, …, vZC-1} ) multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC.
[0024] In a further possible implementation form, the length vZC of the original ZC sequence is a prime number.
[0025] In a further possible implementation form, the preamble is based on a concatenation of the one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences.
[0026] In a further possible implementation form, the preamble further comprises a preamble cyclic prefix and / or a preamble zero suffix added to the concatenation of the one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences.
[0027] In a further possible implementation form, the wireless network device according to the third aspect is configured to send one or more ZC sequence parameters to the wireless terminal device and the generalized ZC sequence is based on the one or more ZC sequence parameters.
[0028] In a further possible implementation form, the one or more ZC sequence parameters comprise one or more possible index values and one index value of the one or more possible index values is selected for determining the cyclic shift, i.e. the cyclic shift value Cm.
[0029] In a further possible implementation form, the one or more ZC sequence parameters comprise the root value υ, and / or the sequence length vZC.
[0030] In a further possible implementation form, the plurality of generalized ZC sequences are based on the following equation:
[0031] wherein NZC=ρ×vZC and wherein
[0032] In a further possible implementation form, the wireless network device according to the third aspect is configured to receive the preamble on a physical random-access channel, PRACH, of a wireless communications system from the wireless terminal device.
[0033] According to a fourth aspect a method of operating a wireless network device is provided. The method according to the fourth aspect comprises receiving a preamble from a wireless terminal device, wherein the preamble is based on one or more, preferably all of a plurality of generalized Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC, i.e. having vZC elements, and root value v (with v∈ {1, …, vZC-1} ) multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC.
[0034] The method according to the fourth aspect can be performed by the wireless network device according to the third aspect. Thus, further features of the method according to the fourth aspect result directly from the functionality of the wireless network device according to the third aspect as well as its different implementation forms described above and below.
[0035] According to a fifth aspect a computer program product is provided, comprising program code which causes a computer or a processor to perform the method according to the second aspect or the method according to the fourth aspect, when the program code is executed by the computer or the processor.
[0036] Details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages will be apparent from the description, drawings, and claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] In the following, embodiments of the present disclosure are described in more detail with reference to the attached figures and drawings, in which:
[0038] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a wireless communications system, including a plurality of wireless terminal devices according to an embodiment in communication with a wireless network device according to an embodiment;
[0039] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a wireless terminal device according to an embodiment with a pre-IFFT frequency shifting;
[0040] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a wireless terminal device according to an embodiment with a post-IFFT frequency shifting;
[0041] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a wireless network device according to an embodiment with separate FFT modules for PUSCH and PRACH;
[0042] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a wireless network device according to an embodiment with an integrated FFT module for PUSCH and PRACH;
[0043] Fig. 6 shows a flow diagram illustrating steps of a method of operating a wireless terminal device according to an embodiment; and
[0044] Fig. 7 shows a flow diagram illustrating steps of a method of operating a wireless network device according to an embodiment.
[0045] In the following, identical reference signs refer to identical or at least functionally equivalent features.
[0046] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0047] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form part of the disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and comprise structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
[0048] For instance, it is to be understood that a disclosure in connection with a described method may also hold true for a corresponding device or system configured to perform the method and vice versa. For example, if one or a plurality of specific method steps are described, a corresponding device may include one or a plurality of units, e.g. functional units, to perform the described one or plurality of method steps (e.g. one unit performing the one or plurality of steps, or a plurality of units each performing one or more of the plurality of steps) , even if such one or more units are not explicitly described or illustrated in the figures. On the other hand, for example, if a specific apparatus is described based on one or a plurality of units, e.g. functional units, a corresponding method may include one step to perform the functionality of the one or plurality of units (e.g. one step performing the functionality of the one or plurality of units, or a plurality of steps each performing the functionality of one or more of the plurality of units) , even if such one or plurality of steps are not explicitly described or illustrated in the figures. Further, it is understood that the features of the various exemplary embodiments and / or aspects described herein may be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
[0049] Figure 1 shows an exemplary wireless communications system 100, in particular a 3GPP mobile network 100, including a wireless network device 120, e.g. a base station 120, configured to provide network access to a plurality of wireless terminal devices 110, e.g. UEs 110. As illustrated in figure 1 both the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 and the wireless terminal devices 110, e.g. UEs may comprise a plurality of antennas, for instance, for beamforming. Moreover, in the embodiment shown in figure 1, each wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 comprises a transmit (Tx) unit 111 for generating and transmitting transmit signals and a receive (Rx) unit 113 for receiving and processing receive signals. Each wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 may comprise further processing circuitry for implementing at least some of the functionality disclosed herein. The processing circuitry may be implemented in hardware and / or software. The hardware may comprise digital circuitry, or both analog and digital circuitry. Digital circuitry may comprise components such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , digital signal processors (DSPs) , or one or more general-purpose processors. Moreover, each wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 may comprise a memory configured to store executable program code which, when executed by the processing circuitry, causes the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 to perform the functions and operations described herein.
[0050] Likewise, the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 may comprise processing circuitry for implementing at least some of the functionality disclosed herein. The processing circuitry may be implemented in hardware and / or software. The hardware may comprise digital circuitry, or both analog and digital circuitry. Digital circuitry may comprise components such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , digital signal processors (DSPs) , or one or more general-purpose processors. Moreover, the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 may comprise a memory configured to store executable program code which, when executed by the processing circuitry, causes the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 to perform the functions and operations described herein.
[0051] The wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to transmit an initial-access preamble based on a Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequence to the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station. In the following some more detail about ZC sequences will be provided.
[0052] An original or legacy ZS sequence ξv with root value v (v∈ {1, …, vZC-1} ) and length vZC can be expressed as:
[0053] If vZC is a prime number, vZC ZC sequences that are mutually orthogonal can be obtained by circular shift of ξυ [n] . The k-th ZC sequence ξυ, k of these circularly shifted sequences (k=0, …, vZC-1) may be expressed as:
[0054] An initial-access preamble may be formed as a ρvZC-long sequence by repeating a vZC -long ZC sequence a number ρ of times. In this case the length of the initial-access preamble is a composite number of the form NZC=ρ (integer) ×vZC (prime) . As will be appreciated, this allows to generate only vZC orthogonal preambles. As will be further appreciated, generating NZC, i.e. more orthogonal preambles cannot be achieved conventionally by performing NZC cyclic shifts of an NZC-long ZC root sequence with a root value u equal to formed by the ρ repetitions of the vZC-long root sequence ξυ. Indeed, in the case of a composite length such as NZC=ρ (integer) ×vZC (prime) , the cyclic shifts
[0055] only define vZC distinct sequences and not NZC (with the remaining (ρ-1) vZC sequences being replicates of these vZC sequences) .
[0056] As will be described in more detail in the following, embodiments disclosed herein allow generating a set of NZC orthogonal sequences of length NZC=ρ (integer) ×vZC (prime) . For instance, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to generate ρ generalized ZC sequences (herein also referred to as enhanced ZC sequences) , wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original, i.e. legacy ZC sequence of length vZC, i.e. having vZC elements and a root value v (with v∈ {1, …, vZC-1} ) multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC. Moreover, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to generate a preamble based on one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences and to transmit the preamble, in particular to the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120.
[0057] More specifically, embodiments disclosed herein allow to generate a set of NZC orthogonal sequences of length NZC=ρ (integer) ×vZC (prime) associated with a root value u∈ {1, …, NZC-1} based on ρ root sequences (instead of one root sequence in the case of a legacy ZC sequence with a length that is a prime number) . The m-th of these root sequences (m=0, …, ρ-1) , denoted xu, m, is obtained by frequency-shifting the NZC-long ZC root sequence by a frequency-shifting sequence fm with a digital frequency of a value equal to m:
[0058] From each of these root sequences vZC orthogonal sequences are obtained by way of cyclic shifts:
[0059] Each value of the couple (m, k) may be defined as a generalized cyclic shift (since it involves a frequency shift m in addition to the conventional cyclic shift k) . As will be appreciated, the set
[0060] of generalized cyclic shifts defines a set of NZC orthogonal sequences that may be used as initial-access preamble (s) .
[0061] In an embodiment, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to generate the ρvZC-long sequence xu, m, k from ρ copies of the vZC-long ZC root sequence ξv with root value v. This has the advantage of being compatible with the transmission of the preamble over ρ consecutive OFDM symbols with a numerology ρ times smaller than an implemetation where the ρvZC-long sequence is tramsmitted using one OFDM symbol. To this end, in an embodiment, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 may be configured to first apply the following simple operations to ξυ, k, the k-th circularly shifted version of the r-th copy (r=0, …, ρ-1) of the vZC-long Z-C sequence ξv, to get crξυ, k⊙fυ, m, k where
[0062] and
[0063] In an embodiment, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to form the sequence xu, m, k as a concatenation of {crξυ, k⊙fv, m, k} r=0, …, ρ-1, i.e.,
[0064] In an embodiment, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to transmit the initial-access preambles on a PRACH channel of the wireless communications system 100 using the enhanced ZC sequences with the generalized cyclic shifts described above. In an embodiment, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 may obtain the generalized ZC sequences from a codebook of ZC sequences (preambles) with generalized cyclic shifts, wherein each of these sequences is of a length NZC=ρvZC and root value u=ρv for any positive integer ρ, prime vZC and υ∈ {1, …vZC } , and each associated with one from out of ρvZC generalized cyclic shifts. The codebook may be generated by (a) obtaining up to ρ frequency shifts of values 0, …, ρ-1 of a NZC-long Z-C root sequence with root value u and (b) cyclically shifting each of these root sequences with shifts in the range 0, …, vZC-1.
[0065] In an embodiment, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to transmit a sequence (preamble) from the codebook described above using ρ subsequenct OFDM symbols by feeding the entries of crξυ, k⊙fυ, m, k during the r-th symbol time (r=0, …, ρ-1) to the inputs of an NFFT-point IFFT module (for some NFFT≥vZC) corresponding to the frequency band of the initial-access channel e.g., PRACH, and appending the first OFDM symbol with the above whole-sequence cyclic prefix and the last one with the zero-guard suffix.
[0066] In a further embodiment, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to transmit a sequence (preamble) from the codebook described above using ρ subsequenct OFDM symbols by feeding the entries of ξυ, k during the r-th symbol time (r=0, …, ρ-1) to the inputs of an NFFT-point IFFT module (for some NFFT≥vZC) corresponding to the frequency band of the intial-access channel e.g., PRACH, multiplying the IFFT output pointwise with the r-th section of length NFFT of a ρNFFT-long frequency shifting sequence of a frequency equal to m i.e., fm [n= (r-1) NFFT, …, rNFFT-1] and appending the first OFDM symbol of the result with the above whole-sequence cyclic prefix and the last one with the zero-guard suffix.
[0067] In an embodiment, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to append the sequences (preamble) described above with a cyclic prefix and / or with a zero-guard suffix. In an embodiment, the prefix is cyclic with respect to the whole (NZC-long) sequence and not with respect to the vZC-long sequence occupying the first vZC-long section of the preamble.
[0068] According to an embodiment, for detecting which preamble of the set of preambles described above has been transmitted by the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110, the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 is configured to perform ρ consecutive NFFT-point FFT operations with ρ consecutive sections of the baseband discrete-time received signal, starting after the preamble CP and not separated by any gaps, using an FFT module dedicated to initial access. Preamble detection may be performed by the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 based on the ρvZC-long concatenation of the vZC-point IFFT of each of ρ vZC-long vectors, each obtained from the vZC outputs, corresponding to the frequency band of the intial access channel, of each of the ρ NFFT-point FFT operations.
[0069] According to an alternative embodiment, the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 is configured to perform ρ consecutive NFFT-point FFT operations with ρ consecutive sections of the baseband discrete-time received signal, each of them aligned in time with an OFDM symbol of the uplink data channel e.g., PUSCH, and thus starting after the CP of that symbol, using an NFFT-point FFT module that are common to data and intial access. Preamble detection may be performed based on the ρvZC samples obtained from the vZC outputs, corresponding to the frequency band of the intial access channel, of each of the ρ NFFT-point FFT operations.
[0070] In an embodiment, the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 is configured to broadcast the preamble format i.e., value of ρ, v, vZC, duration of the generalized CP and duration of the zero-guard suffix, to be used by the wireless terminal device 110 for performing an initial access. If the new preamble is only to be used on some PRACH time-frequency resources, reserving some other resources for the old preambles for back compatibility, the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120 may also broadcast the indexes of the time slots or frequency domain PRACH on which the wireless terminal devices 110 may transmit the preambles described above.
[0071] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating in more detail the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 according to an embodiment with a pre-IFFT frequency shifting. In the embodiment shown in figure 2, the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is configured to generate a preamble from the disclosed preamble codebook and transmit the preamble using ρ subsequenct OFDM symbols by feeding the entries of crξv, k⊙fυ, m, k during the r-th symbol time (r=0, …, ρ-1) to the inputs of an NFFT-point IFFT (for some NFFT≥vZC) corresponding to the frequency band of the initial-access channel e.g., PRACH, and appedning the first OFDM symbol with the above whole-sequence cyclic prefix and the last one with the zero-guard suffix. In figure 2, the super-script ‘up’ stands for “up-sampled” and is used to distinguish the up-sampled version of a discrete-time signal i.e., the NFFT outputs of the NFFT-point IFFT, from its vZC original samples fed to the input of the vZC-point FFT. The sequence ξυ, k can be, for instance, a RACH ZC sequence as defined in the specification ETSI TS 138 211, 5G; NR; Physical channels and modulation, October, 2021 with a length vZC chosen from the set {139, 571, 839, 1151} , a parameter υ (root value) obtained from the higher-layer parameter prach-RootSequenceIndex or rootSequenceIndex-BFR or by msgA-PRACH-RootSequenceIndex, and a value k (cyclic shift) selected randomly by the wireless terminal device 110 from the set of values defined in Section 6.3.3.1 of the specification ETSI TS 138 211, 5G; NR; Physical channels and modulation, October, 2021, a number ρ of repetitions obtained from the “preamble format” index pointed deduced from the higher-layer prach-ConfigurationIndex. As can be taken from figure 2, for providing the functionality described above the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 may comprise the following correspondingly configured units: a sequence generation unit 111a, a DFT unit 111b, an IDFT unit 111c and / or a unit 111d for symbol-wise P / Sand frame-wise CP insertion.
[0072] As will be appreciated, the embodiment of figure 2 is compatible with scenarios where the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 is using the same NFFT-point IFFT module to transmit, during transmission of the initial-access preamble transmission, signals other than the initial-access preamble on channels other than the PRACH. Indeed, in such a case, the wireless terminal device 110 may simply feed the frequency domain samples of such signals to the inputs of the IFFT module corresponding to those other channels.
[0073] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating in more detail the wireless terminal device 110 according to an embodiment with a post-IFFT frequency shifting. In the embodiment shown in figure 3 the NFFT-point IFFT module is fed with the DFT of a non-frequency-shifted ZC sequences i.e., with the DFT of ξυ, k. The sequence ξυ, k may be, for instance, a RACH ZC sequence as defined in the specification ETSI TS 138 211, 5G; NR; Physical channels and modulation, October, 2021 with a length vZC chosen from the set {139, 571, 839, 1151} , a parameter υ (root value) obtained from the higher-layer parameter prach-RootSequenceIndex or rootSequenceIndex-BFR or by msgA-PRACH-RootSequenceIndex, and a value k (cyclic shift) selected randomly by the wireless terminal device 110 from the set of values defined in Section 6.3.3.1 of the specification ETSI TS 138 211, 5G; NR; Physical channels and modulation, October, 2021, a number ρ of repetitions obtained from the “preamble format” index pointed deduced from the higher-layer prach-ConfigurationIndex. In the embodiment shown in figure 3, the m-valued frequency shifting (m=0, …, ρ-1) is applied to the output of the NFFT-point IFFT module by pointwise multiplication of this output in the r-th repetition (r=0, …, ρ-1) with the samples Prior to the pointwise multiplication described above, the preamble signal may be generated using the “OFDM baseband signal generation for PRACH” method described in Section 5.3.2 of the specification ETSI TS 138 211, 5G; NR; Physical channels and modulation, October, 2021. As can be taken from figure 3, for providing the functionality described above the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110 may comprise the following correspondingly configured units: a sequence generation unit 111a, a DFT unit 111b, an IDFT unit 111c and / or a unit 111d for symbol-wise P / Sand frame-wise CP insertion.
[0074] As will be appreciated, the embodiment shown in figure 3 may not be suitable for scenarios where the transmitter 111 of the wireless terminal device 110 is required to transmit during initial-access preamble transmission a signal other than the preamble on channels other than the initial-access channel e.g., data on the PUSCH, using the same NFFT-point IFFT module used for transmitting the preamble on the initial-access channel e.g., the PRACH. Indeed, in this case, the post-IFFT frequency shifting may also adversely affect the data part of the signal.
[0075] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating in more detail the wireless network device 120 according to an embodiment with separate FFT modules for PUSCH and PRACH. In the embodiment shown in figure 4, the wireless network device 120 is configured to detect the transmitted preambles by performing ρ consecutive NFFT-point FFT operations to ρ consecutive sections of the baseband discrete-time received signal, starting after the preamble CP and not separated by any gaps, using an FFT module dedicated to intial access. The preamble detection may be performed based on the ρvZC-long concatenation of the vZC-point IFFT of each of ρ vZC-long vectors each obtained from the vZC outputs, corresponding to the frequency band of the intial access channel, of each of the ρ NFFT-point FFT operations.
[0076] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating in more detail the wireless network device 120 according to an embodiment with an integrated FFT module for PUSCH and PRACH. In the embodiment shown in figure 5, the wireless network device 120 is configured to perform preamble detection by performing ρ consecutive NFFT-point FFT operations with ρ consecutive sections of the baseband discrete-time received signal, each of them aligned in time with an OFDM symbol of the uplink data channel e.g., PUSCH, and thus starting after the CP of that symbol, using an NFFT-point FFT module that is common to data and intial access. Preamble detection may be performed based on the ρvZC samples obtained from the vZC entries, corresponding to the frequency band of the intial access channel, of each of the ρ NFFT-long vectors y0, …, yρ-1 at the output of the NFFT-point FFT operations.
[0077] Figure 6 shows a flow diagram illustrating steps of a method 600 of operating the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. the UE 110. The method 600 comprises a step 601 of obtaining a plurality of, i.e. ρ generalized, i.e. enhanced Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC, i.e. having vZC elements and root value υ (with υ∈ {1, …, vZC-1} ) multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC. The method 600 further comprises a step 603 of generating a preamble based on one or more, preferably all of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences and a step 605 of transmitting the preamble to the wireless network device 120, e.g. base station 120.
[0078] Figure 7 shows a flow diagram illustrating a method 700 of operating the wireless network device 120, e.g. the base station 120. The method 700 comprises a step 701 of receiving a preamble from the wireless terminal device 110, e.g. UE 110, wherein the preamble is based on one or more, preferably all of a plurality of generalized Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC, i.e. having vZC elements, and root value v (with υ∈ {1, …, vZC-1} ) multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC.
[0079] The person skilled in the art will understand that the "blocks" ( "units" ) of the various figures (method and apparatus) represent or describe functionalities of embodiments of the present disclosure (rather than necessarily individual "units" in hardware or software) and thus describe equally functions or features of apparatus embodiments as well as method embodiments (unit = step) .
[0080] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the described embodiment of an apparatus is merely exemplary. For example, the unit division is merely logical function division and may be another division in an actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented by using some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.
[0081] The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
[0082] In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
Claims
1.A wireless terminal device (110) configured to:obtain a plurality of generalized Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC and root value υ multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC;generate a preamble based on one or more of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences; andtransmit the preamble.2.The wireless terminal device (110) of claim 1, wherein the length vZC of the original ZC sequence is a prime number.3.The wireless terminal device (110) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the wireless terminal device (110) is configured to generate the preamble based on the one or more of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences by concatenating the one or more of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences.4.The wireless terminal device (110) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless terminal device (110) is configured to generate the preamble by adding a preamble cyclic prefix and / or a preamble zero suffix to the concatenation of the one or more of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences.5.The wireless terminal device (110) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless terminal device (110) is configured to receive one or more ZC sequence parameters from a wireless network device (120) and to obtain the generalized ZC sequence based on the one or more ZC sequence parameters.6.The wireless terminal device (110) of claim 5, wherein the wireless terminal device (110) is configured to generate the generalized ZC sequence based on the one or more ZC sequence parameters.7.The wireless terminal device (110) of claim 6, wherein the one or more ZC sequence parameters comprise one or more possible index values and wherein the wireless terminal device (110) is configured to select one index value of the one or more possible index values for determining the cyclic shift.8.The wireless terminal device (110) of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the one or more ZC sequence parameters comprise: a root value, and / or a sequence length.9.The wireless terminal device (110) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless terminal device (110) is configured to generate the plurality of generalized ZC sequences based on the following equation: wherein NZC=ρ×vZC and wherein10.The wireless terminal device (110) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless terminal device (110) is configured to transmit the preamble on a physical random-access channel, PRACH, of a wireless communications system (100) to a wireless network device (120) .11.A communication method (600) , wherein the method (600) comprises:obtaining (601) a plurality of generalized Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC and root value υ multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC;generating (603) a preamble based on one or more of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences; andtransmitting (605) the preamble.12.A wireless network device (120) configured to:receive a preamble from a wireless terminal device (110) , wherein the preamble is based on one or more of a plurality of generalized Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC and root value υ multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC.13.The wireless network device (120) of claim 12, wherein the length vZC of the original ZC sequence is a prime number.14.The wireless network device (120) of claim 12 or 13, wherein the preamble is based on a concatenation of the one or more of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences.15.The wireless network device (120) of any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the preamble further comprises a preamble cyclic prefix and / or a preamble zero suffix added to the concatenation of the one or more of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences.16.The wireless network device (120) of any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the wireless network device (120) is configured to send one or more ZC sequence parameters to the wireless terminal device (110) and wherein the generalized ZC sequence is based on the one or more ZC sequence parameters.17.The wireless network device (120) of claim 16, wherein the one or more ZC sequence parameters comprise one or more possible index values and one index value of the one or more possible index values is selected for determining the cyclic shift value Cm.18.The wireless network device (120) of any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the one or more ZC sequence parameters comprise: a root value, and / or a sequence length.19.The wireless network device (120) of any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein the plurality of generalized ZC sequences are based on the following equation: wherein NZC=ρ×vZC and wherein20.The wireless network device (120) of any one of claims 12 to 19, wherein the wireless network device (120) is configured to receive the preamble on a physical random-access channel, PRACH, of a wireless communications system (100) from the wireless terminal device (110) .21.A method (700) of operating a wireless network device (120) , wherein the method (700) comprises:receiving (701) a preamble from a wireless terminal device (110) , wherein the preamble is based on one or more of a plurality of generalized Zadoff-Chu, ZC, sequences, wherein each of the plurality of generalized ZC sequences is based on a cyclic shift of an original ZC sequence of length vZC and root value υ multiplied with a respective frequency shifting sequence of length vZC.22.A computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code which causes a computer or a processor to perform the method (600) of claim 11 or the method (700) of claim 21 when the program code is executed by the computer or the processor.
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