Digitally controllable scatterer-coded synchronization signal blocks for enhanced initial access

Abstract

A method (200) for generating coded scattered SSB signal (108A) for enhanced initial access. The method (200) includes receiving, at a digitally controllable scatterer, DCS, device (104), a synchronization signal block, SSB, signal (108), transmitted from a base station, BS (110), of a wireless communications network. The method (200) further includes generating at least one coded scattered SSB signal (108A) by taking the received SSB signal at the DCS (104) as an input, the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) being scattered via a DCS generated beam, wherein a start of a DCS coding used to generate the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) at the DCS device (104) is a function of the time of arrival of the received SSB signal at the DCS (104), wherein a DCS code period of the DCS coding is a function of a symbol period of the received SSB signal at the DCS (104), wherein the SSB signal (108) and the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal.

Description

[0001]DIGITALLY CONTROLLABLE SCATTERER-CODED SYNCHRONIZATION SIGNAL BLOCKS FORENHANCED INITIAL ACCESSTECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates generally to the field of beam management and signal propagation in wireless communication systems and, more specifically, to a system and a method for employing digitally controllable scatterer (DCS) coded synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) for an enhanced initial access. BACKGROUND Effective beam management and signal propagation are vital for 5G wireless communication systems, ensuring robustconnectivity, high data rates, and efficient spectrum utilization. However, the wireless communication systems face severaltechnical challenges. Beam sweeping, essential for initial access, works best under line-of-sight (LOS) conditions, while causing coverage gaps and degraded service quality when the LOS is obstructed by obstacles. To enhance coverage and capacity, network operators deploy multiple small cells and relay nodes, but this increases complexity and costs. Ensuring seamless coverage remains challenging, especially in dense urban and indoor environments, due to non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions and signal attenuation, resulting in unreliable connectivity.Accurate channel state information (CSI) is essential for adaptive beamforming and resource allocation, but traditionalmeasurement methods struggle in high-mobility or complex environments, leading to suboptimal resource utilization andreduced network throughput. Orthogonal signalling schemes like Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)minimize interference while maintaining signal orthogonality, that becomes challenging with multiple beams and scatterers,degrading signal quality. Passive reflectors enhance signal coverage but offer limited control over signal propagation, necessitating dynamic control for optimal signal distribution. Therefore, in light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks associated withthe conventional systems and methods for beam management and signal propagation in the wireless communication systems.SUMMARYThe present disclosure provides a system and a method for employing digitally controllable scatterer (DCS) codedsynchronization signal blocks (SSBs) signals for an enhanced initial access. The present disclosure provides a solution to theexisting problem of how to implement the DCS to generate coded SSBs signals for enhanced initial access. An objective of thepresent disclosure is to provide a solution that overcomes at least partially the problems encountered in the prior art and providesan improved method and an improved system for enhanced initial access.One or more objectives of the present disclosure are achieved by the solutions provided in the enclosed independent claims.Advantageous implementations of the present disclosure are further defined in the dependent claims.In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for employing digitally controllable scatterer (DCS) codedsynchronization signal blocks (SSBs) signals for enhanced initial access. The method includes receiving, at a digitallycontrollable scatterer (DCS) device, a synchronization signal block (SSB) signal, transmitted from a base station (BS) of awireless communications network. The method further includes generating at least one coded scattered SSB signal by taking the received SSB signal at the DCS as an input, the coded scattered SSB signal being scattered via a DCS generated beam. Astart of a DCS coding used to generate the coded scattered SSB signal at the DCS device is synchronized with the received SSB signal at the DCS. Further, a DCS code period of the DCS coding is a function of a symbol period of the received SSB signal at the DCS. Furthermore, the SSB signal and the coded scattered SSB signal are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal.The use of the DCS devices to scatter the SSB signals allows for better signal propagation in non-line-of-sight (NLOS)conditions. When the scattered SSB signals are made orthogonal or semi-orthogonal to the original SSB signals, interferenceis minimized, and also spectral efficiency is improved. The minimized interference ensures that the scattered SSB signals do not degrade the quality of the original signal, leading to clearer and more reliable communication. The DCS device dynamicallygenerates coded scattered SSB signals based on the time of arrival and symbol period of the received SSB signal. The dynamicadaptation by the DCS device allows for real-time optimization of signal scattering, improving overall network performancein dynamic environments.Further, utilizing the DCS devices to scatter SSB signals reduces the need for deploying additional BSs. This approach ofutilizing the DCS devices to scatter SSB signals lowers the cost of infrastructure deployment and maintenance while stillenhancing network coverage and capacity. The method uses existing SSB signals thus allowing for seamless integration intocurrent 5G networks, facilitating quicker and easier deployment. The seamless integration enables better utilization of availablespectrum resources, which is essential for meeting the high data rate demands of 5G and beyond networks. The enhancedscattering of the SSB signals improves the initial access process for a user equipment (UE). The improvement in initial accessis particularly beneficial in environments with high user density or where mobility is high, ensuring that the UEs can quicklyand reliably establish a connection with the network. The coding and orthogonality properties of the scattered SSB signals further help mitigate the adverse effects of multipath propagation. The mitigation leads to more accurate channel stateinformation (CSI), which is vital for effective beamforming and resource allocation. An improved signal quality and coveragedirectly contribute to higher network throughput and lower latency, enhancing the overall user experience. The method may be scaled to cover larger areas or more complex environments by deploying additional DCS devices as and when needed.In an implementation form, the SSB signal transmitted by the BS and the coded scattered SSB signal are received by a mobileUE.Receiving both SSB signals and coded scattered SSB signals improves signal diversity and resilience against fading andinterference, enhancing reliability. The combination enhances coverage and boosts connectivity in high-density areas. Utilizing multiple signals enables spatial multiplexing, strengthening signal quality through diversity exploitation. Gathering data fromboth SSB signals and coded scattered SSB signals aids in accurate CSI estimation, supporting advanced signal processing suchas beamforming. Further, access to both SSB signals and coded scattered SSB signals enables intelligent network accessdecisions and resource allocation, which increases the UE flexibility.In another implementation form, the UE uses a received signal received at the UE to measure a quality metric of the SSB signaland a quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal to determine the quality of a beam used by the BS for SSB signal transmission and quality of a DCS beam used by the DCS for coded SSB signal scattering. Measurement of quality metrics allows for comprehensive assessment of signal quality. The holistic evaluation enables the UE to make informed decisions regarding beam selection for optimal communication performance. Additionally, by evaluating the quality of both beams (i.e. beam used by the BS for SSB signal transmission and a DCS beam used by the DCS for coded SSBsignal scattering), the UE dynamically adapts its beam selection strategy in response to changing network conditions, ensuringcontinuous optimization of signal reception. Furthermore, the capability of the UE enhances network reliability and efficiency by enabling the UE to identify and select the most suitable beams for communication, thereby maximizing throughput and minimizing interference.In yet another implementation form, based on the determination, determining a beam to use for initial access to the wirelesscommunication network based on a comparison of the measured quality metric of the SSB signal and the measured quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal.Comparison of the SSB signal and the coded scattered SSB signal quality metrics helps the UE inform to the BS a preferredset of beams and the beam qualities for improved service quality. Quality metric analysis allows leveraging scattered signalsto enhance coverage, filling gaps where SSB signals fall short. Dynamic beam selection based on quality metrics enablesflexible network access, adapting to changing conditions for optimal performance.In yet another implementation form, the DCS coding of the DCS device is synchronized with the received SSB signal at theDCS. Advantageously, by synchronizing the DCS coding with the received SSB signal at the DCS, the phase adjustments applied bythe DCS are perfectly aligned with the impinging SSB signal. The alignment ensures reducing phase misalignment issues thatcould lead to signal degradation or loss. In yet another implementation form, the DCS code period is a function of an OFDM symbol period. Matching the DCS code period to the OFDM symbol period helps in maintaining orthogonality or semi-orthogonality betweenthe original and scattered signals. Also, the matching minimizes interference, allowing for clearer signal separation at thereceiver, which is crucial for reliable processing. Further, the UE more accurately estimates the channel characteristics whenthe DCS code period aligns with the OFDM symbol period. Accurate channel estimation allows for better adaptive modulation and coding strategies, improving the overall data throughput and connection reliability. In yet another implementation form, the DCS code period is equal to the OFDM symbol period. Synchronizing the DCS code period with the OFDM symbol period avoids distortion of the OFDM symbol when coded and scattered by the DCS. Coherent phase changes enhance signal reliability and optimize scattering characteristics. Accurate synchronization enables adaptive modulation techniques, simplifies receiver design, and maximizes spectral efficiency andnetwork capacity. The alignment ensures compatibility with existing OFDM-based systems, facilitating seamless integrationof DCS devices into current wireless communication networks. In yet another implementation form, two DCS devices are used. A first DCS device generates a first coded scattered SSB signal, and a second DCS device generates a second coded scattered SSB signal. Using two DCS devices to generate coded scattered SSB signals, it allows for simultaneously exploring more paths in the channel thanks to precise control and optimization of the scattering patterns, enhancing coverage and signal quality in the wireless communication network. Additionally, by utilizing multiple DCS devices, the network can achieve better spatialdiversity, improving resilience against fading and interference. Furthermore, deploying multiple DCS devices enables moreflexible and adaptive beamforming strategies, enhancing network performance and reliability in dynamic and challenging environment. In yet another implementation form, each of the first coded scattered SSB signal and the second coded scattered SSB signal arrives simultaneously or within an OFDM cyclic prefix at the UE. When signals arrive within the cyclic prefix, they can be treated as multipath components of the same signal. Signals arrivingwithin the cyclic prefix don't cause inter-symbol interference (ISI) and preserves the orthogonality of OFDM subcarriers,maintaining signal integrity. In yet another implementation form, the DCS device generates a plurality of coded scattered SSB signals. Generating multiple coded scattered SSB signals using the DCS devices enables the creation of multiple beams, enhancing signal coverage, capacity, and reliability, especially in dense areas. The beams allow for advanced beamforming techniques like beam steering and tracking, improving signal quality and spectral efficiency.In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a system comprising means adapted for carrying out all the steps of themethod. The system achieves all the advantages and technical effects of the method of the present disclosure. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer program comprising instructions for carrying out all the steps ofthe method when the computer program is executed on a computer system.In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides the method of processing the received SSB signals and scattered codedSSB signals by the UE. The method includes receiving by the UE the SSB signal transmitted by the BS and the coded scatteredSSB signal generated by the DCS device as a received signal. The method further includes the UE using the received signal tomeasure a quality metric of the SSB signal and a quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal to determine the quality of a beam used by the BS for SSB signal transmission and a quality of a beam used by the DCS for coded SSB signal scattering.Further, the method includes, based on the determination, determining a beam to use for initial access to the wirelesscommunication network based on a comparison of the measured quality metric of the SSB signal and the measured quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal. The coded scattered SSB signal is generated by taking the received SSB signal at theDCS as an input, the coded scattered SSB signal being scattered via a DCS generated beam. A start of a DCS coding used togenerate the coded scattered SSB signal at the DCS device is synchronized with the received SSB signal at the DCS, and aDCS code period of the DCS coding is a function of a symbol period of the received SSB signal at the DCS. The SSB signaland the coded scattered SSB signals are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal.It is to be appreciated that all the aforementioned implementation forms can be combined.It has to be noted that all devices, elements, circuitry, units, and means described in the present application could beimplemented in the software or hardware elements or any kind of combination thereof. All steps which are performed by the various entities described in the present application as well as the functionalities described to be performed by the various entities are intended to mean that the respective entity is adapted to or configured to perform the respective steps andfunctionalities. Even if, in the following description of specific embodiments, a specific functionality or step to be performedby external entities is not reflected in the description of a specific detailed element of that entity which performs that specific step or functionality, it should be clear for a skilled person that these methods and functionalities can be implemented inrespective software or hardware elements, or any kind of combination thereof. It will be appreciated that features of the presentdisclosure are susceptible to being combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.Additional aspects, advantages, features, and objects of the present disclosure would be made apparent from the drawings andthe detailed description of the illustrative implementations construed in conjunction with the appended claims that follow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The summary above, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, exemplary constructions of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein. Moreover, those in the art will understand that the drawings are not to scale. Wherever possible, like elements have been indicated by identical numbers. Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams wherein: FIG. 1A is a block diagram that depicts a system configured to generate a coded scattered synchronization signalblock (SSB) signal, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;FIG. 1B is a diagram depicting an implementation form of a digitally controllable scatterer (DCS), in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is a flowchart depicting a method for generating coded scattered SSB signal, in accordance with anembodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram depicting structure of an SSB signal, in accordance with an embodiment of presentdisclosure;FIGs. 4A and 4B are exemplary diagrams depicting transmission of beams form the BS, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIGs. 5A, 5B, and 5C are exemplary diagrams that depict scattering by the DCS, in accordance with an embodimentof present disclosure; FIG.6 is an exemplary diagram depicting DCS phase configuration and its synchronization with the OFDM symbols, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIGs. 7A, 7B and 7C are exemplary diagrams depicting scenario when three DCSs are used for generating scatteredwave, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram depicting DCS phase configuration for the scenarios of FIGs. 7A to 7C and its synchronization with the OFDM symbols, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 9 is a flowchart depicting a method for processing performed by a user equipment, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and FIGs. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D are diagrams depicting scenario of initial access and beam reporting, in accordancewith embodiment of present disclosure.In the accompanying drawings, an underlined number is employed to represent an item over which the underlined number ispositioned or an item to which the underlined number is adjacent. A non-underlined number relates to an item identified by a line linking the non-underlined number to the item. When a number is non-underlined and accompanied by an associated arrow, the non-underlined number is used to identify a general item at which the arrow is pointing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognize that other embodiments for carrying out or practicing the present disclosure are also possible.FIG. 1A is a block diagram that depicts a system configured to generate coded scattered synchronization signal block (SSB)signals, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to FIG.1A, there is shown a block diagram 100 that includes a system 102. The system 102 includes a digitally controllable scatterer (DCS) device 104 and a base station110. The DCS device 104 is herein after referred to as the DCS 104.The devices in the system 102 are configured to enhance signal transmission and reception within a wireless communicationnetwork, aiming to improve reliability, coverage, and quality. The UE 106 operates by utilizing both SSB signals 108 from theBS 110 and coded scattered SSB signals 108A generated by the DCS 104. The DCS 104 is configured to receive the SSB signal108 from the BS 110, forming the basis for subsequent signal processing. The DCS coding ensures that the SSB signal 108 andthe coded scattered SSB signal are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal, minimizing interference and enhancing signal clarity. Boththe original SSB signal from the BS 110 and the coded scattered SSB signal from the DCS 104 are received by the UE 106,enabling advanced signal processing capabilities. The UE 106 measures quality metrics of both the SSB and coded scatteredSSB signals to determine the quality of beams used by the BS 110 and the DCS 104. Based on the quality metrics, the UE 106informs to the BS a preferred set of beams and the beam qualities for initial network access by comparing the quality of theSSB and coded scattered SSB signals. The coding of the DCS 104 is synchronized with the received SSB signal 108 to ensureseamless signal processing and transmission. Additionally, the system 102 may utilize multiple DCS, each generating its owncoded scattered SSB signal. ^^ = [^^,^ , ^^,^, … , ^^,^ , … , ^^,^^ ],where ^^ is the total number of unit elements in the DCS 104. The controllable phase configuration of the DCS 104 allows forprecise control over the scattering pattern of the DCS 104, thereby modifying the propagation channel between the BS 110,and the UE 106, via the DCS 104.The UE 106 may refer to any device used by an end-user to communicate with the BS 110. The UE 106 may include a widerange of devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops etc. The UE 106 interacts with the BS 110 and other network elementsto manage various communication protocols and standards, ensuring efficient and reliable connectivity. The SSB signal 108 refers to a defined component in wireless communication standards that contains critical synchronizationsignals and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The structure of the SSB signal (shown in FIG. 3) includes a primarysynchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and the PBCH signal. The SSB signal spans fourorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols (shown in FIG. 3). The PSS, the PBCH, the SSS and the ODFMwork together to provide necessary synchronization and broadcast information to the UE 106 for accessing and maintainingconnection with the BS 110.. The BS 110 consists of hardware and software necessary to handle radio communications with mobile devices, managenetwork traffic, and provide connectivity to the broader network infrastructure. The BS 110 serves as the primary point ofcontact for UEs to access network services, including voice, data, and multimedia transmissions.There is provided the system 102 that includes DCS 104 which is configured to receive at the DCS 104 the SSB signal 108transmitted from the BS 110 of a wireless communication network. The SSB signal 108 signal can be broadcasted in differentdirections using beamforming techniques. The SSB signal 108 propagates through the wireless medium, potentiallyencountering various obstacles like buildings, trees, and other structures which may cause signal degradation or obstruction.The DCS 104 can be strategically placed within the coverage area of the BS 110 (for example, on building facades, poles, orother structures) to ensure it can effectively receive the SSB signal 108. In an example, the DCS 104 may receive the SSBsignal 108 either actively or passively. An active reception at the DCS 104 uses an active RX chain at the DCS 104. A passivereception at the DCS 104 means the DCS does not have active RX chains, and the DCS 104 scatters an impinging wave via,for example, controlled reflection from each unit element of the DCS 104. When the SSB signal 108, transmitted from the BS110, reaches the DCS 104, the unit elements of the DCS 104 modulate the signal and generate the DCS scattering. Thesynchronization involves aligning the internal clock of the DCS 104 with the timing of the received SSB signal 108 to ensureaccurate processing and subsequent scattering. The unit elements of the DCS 104 adjust their phases to generate the scatteringof the SSB signal 108. The phase adjustments are controlled by a configuration vector that ensures the scattered signal will besynchronized and optimally directed. For example, consider the BS 110 located on top of a nearby building transmits the SSBsignal 108 intended to cover the surrounding area. The SSB signal 108 from the BS 110 reaches the DCS 104, where it isreceived and scattered by the unit elements of the DCS 104.Furthermore, the DCS 104 is configured to generate at least one coded scattered SSB signal 108A by taking the received SSBsignal 108 at the DCS 104 as an input, the coded scattered SSB signal 108A being scattered via a DCS 104 generated beam.DCS coding used to generate the coded scattered SSB signal at the DCS 104 is synchronized with the received SSB signal atthe DCS 104. Further, a DCS code period of the DCS coding is a function of a symbol period of the received SSB signal at theDCS 104 and the SSB signal and the coded scattered SSB signal 108A are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal. The coded scatteredSSB signal 108A refers to a modified version of the SSB signal 108 generated by the BS 110 and processed by the DCS 104.The DCS 104 modifies the SSB signal 108 in a controlled manner and then scatters or re-transmits it. The coded scattered SSBsignal 108A is designed to improve communication quality and coverage in a wireless network. Using the DCS coding basedon the received SSB signal, the DCS 104 ensures that the coded scattered SSB signal 108A is synchronized with the SSB signal108. The synchronization is essential for maintaining the integrity of the transmitted information and for effective signalprocessing at the UE 106. The synchronized coding allows the DCS 104 to align its scattered signal with the original SSBsignal 108, facilitating the reception and processing of both signals at the UE. The DCS 104 determines the time of arrival ofthe SSB signal 108 received by the DCS 104, and this may be achieved through various synchronization techniques (forexample, using an obtained reference timing signal, e.g. GPS, or by analysing the structure of the SSB signal 108). The DCS104 determines the symbol period of the SSB signal 108 received by the DCS 104 and this may be achieved based on obtainedoffline information about the system. The DCS 104 generates a coding sequence based on the symbol period of the SSB signal108 received by the DCS 104. The DCS 104 synchronizes the start of the DCS coding with the time of arrival of the SSB signal108 received by the DCS 104. The synchronisation ensures that the coding process is aligned correctly with the timing of theSSB signal 108 received by the DCS 104.Further, the DCS 104 applies the DCS coding to the SSB signal 108 received by the DCS 104 on a symbol-by-symbol basis.The coding process may involve modulating or rotating the phase of each OFDM symbol in the SSB signal 108 received bythe DCS 104 according to the selected coding sequence. In accordance with an embodiment, the DCS code period is a functionof an OFDM symbol period. As the DCS coding is applied, the DCS 104 device generates the coded scattered SSB signal108A. The coded scattered SSB signal 108A is a phase-modulated version of the SSB signal 108 received by the DCS 104,where each OFDM symbol has been phase-rotated based on the coding sequence. The DCS 104 radiates or scatters the codedscattered SSB signal 108A via a DCS-generated beam. The DCS generated beam is a beam formed by the DCS 104, which canbe steered or controlled to target specific directions or areas. In accordance with an embodiment, the DCS coding of the DCS104 is synchronized with the received SSB signal. The synchronization ensures orthogonality or semi-orthogonality,minimizing signal interference improves signal-to-noise ratio.-Further, synchronization enables accurate quality metrics for better beam management and initial access decisions, allows simultaneous signal processing and reduces latency. Furthermore, the synchronization facilitates standard decoding procedures and compatibility with existing standards.The coding process is designed such that the SSB signal 108 and the coded scattered SSB signal are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal to each other. The orthogonal signals refer to signals that do not interfere with each other when transmitted simultaneously over the same channel. The lack of interference enables multiple signals to be transmitted and receivedindependently without causing mutual disruption. Hence, the orthogonality property helps mitigate interference between theSSB signal 108 and the coded scattered SSB signal when they are received by the UE 106.The DCS 104 applies a phase rotation to the SSB signal 108 received by the DCS 104 to generate a coded version. The phaserotation is designed such that each OFDM symbol in the SSB signal is multiplied by a phase factor. The phase rotations areselected such that the SSB signal 108 and the coded scattered SSB signal remain orthogonal or semi-orthogonal. Theorthogonality or semi-orthogonality may be achieved using orthogonal or pseudo-orthogonal sequences such as Hadamardcodes, Walsh codes, rows or columns of DFT matrix, or other suitable coding schemes. Orthogonality ensures that the UE 106can separate the SSB signal 108 and the coded scattered SSB signal during reception. Orthogonality takes place when the innerproduct of the two signals is zero. This means the correlation between the two signals is zero, allowing the UE 106 to distinguishbetween them clearly. With orthogonal or semi-orthogonal signals, the UE 106 can decode each signal with minimal error. Thepresence of one signal does not distort or interfere with the decoding of the other. The DCS 104 can enhance signal coverageby scattering the SSB signal into blind spots / areas or coverage holes (areas where the BS SSB signal is weak). The UE 106 cansimultaneously receive and decode the SSB signal from the BS 110 and the coded scattered SSB signal 108A from the DCS104. This capability of the UE 106 is advantageous in environments with multiple signal paths and reflections. In accordancewith an embodiment, the DCS code period is equal to the OFDM symbol period. As the DCS code period is equal to the OFDMsymbol period, it preserves the structure and timing of the original signal. The UE 106 may decode the received signals usingstandard methods without requiring additional complexity to handle unsynchronized periods, as each OFDM symbol will have a corresponding and consistent DCS code applied. The integrity of the OFDM symbols is preserved, ensuring that the modulation and coding properties of the original SSB signal are maintained, leading to consistent and reliable signal quality. Maintaining coherence of the received SSB signals helps enhance performance in environments where multipath propagationoccurs, as the signals will arrive at the UE 106 with consistent timing and coding.In accordance with an embodiment, the SSB signal 108 transmitted by the BS 110 and the coded scattered SSB signal arereceived by the UE 106. Reception of the SSB signal 108 and the coded scattered SSB signal by the UE 106 helps in signaldiversity. Even if one signal experiences fading or interference due to channel conditions, the other signal may remain robust, providing a fallback option for maintaining communication.In some implementations, the UE 106 searches for a superposition of the SSB signal 108 and the coded scattered SSB signal.The superposition refers to the combination of the SSB signal and the coded scattered SSB signal at the UE 106. When multiplesignals arrive at the UE 106, their waveforms overlap, creating a combined signal. The UE 106 is designed to detect and processthe superposition of signals. The UE 106 uses algorithms that allow to distinguish between the SSB and coded scattered SSBcomponents of the received signal. As the SSB signal and the coded scattered SSB signal are designed to be orthogonal orsemi-orthogonal, the UE 106 can separate them more easily. The coded scattered SSB signal 108A has a phase rotation appliedby the DCS 104. The UE 106 can use this phase information to separate the coded scattered SSB signal from the SSB signal.Receiving both SSB and coded scattered SSB signals provides diversity gain, improving overall signal quality and reliability.The availability of multiple signal paths adds redundancy, making the initial access process more robust. The DCS 104 canextend the effective coverage area of the BS 110 by scattering the SSB signal 108 into regions that might otherwise be in acoverage hole. This ensures better network accessibility for the UE 106. The UE 106 can measure the quality of both the SSBand coded scattered SSB signals. By comparing these metrics, the UE 106 can determine the optimal beam for initial access,ensuring a stronger and more stable connection. The wireless communication network may dynamically adjust beamformingstrategies based on the quality metrics reported by the UE 106, optimizing network performance.In accordance with an embodiment, the UE 106 uses the received signal received at the UE to measure a quality metric of theSSB signal and a quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal to determine the quality of a beam used by the BS 110 forthe SSB signal 108 transmission and a quality of a DCS beam used by the DCS 104 for coded SSB signal scattering. The UE106 evaluates the quality of the received SSB signal and the coded scattered SSB signal separately. Quality metrics may includesignal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, signal-to-interference ratio, and other parameters that reflect the reliability and robustnessof the received SSB signals. By analyzing the quality metric of the received SSB signal 108, the UE 106 may determine theeffectiveness of the beam used by the BS 110 for SSB signal transmission. Similarly, by examining the quality metric of thecoded scattered SSB signal, the UE 106 assesses the performance of the DCS beam used for scattering. A high-quality codedscattered SSB signal suggests that the DCS beam effectively enhances signal transmission and reception, improving coverage,reliability, or other aspects of communication. The ability of the UE 106 to measure the quality of both the BS 110 and DCSbeams provides valuable information for beam selection during initial network access or handover procedures. The beam selection allows the UE 106 to communicate through the optimal beam for communication based on real-time signal qualitymeasurements. By considering the quality of both the BS 110 and DCS beams, the UE 106 may make informed decisions tooptimize communication links.In accordance with an embodiment, based on the determination, the system 102 is configured to determine the beam to use forinitial access to the wireless communication network based on a comparison of the measured quality metric of the SSB signal108 and the measured quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal. The initial access refers to the procedure through whichthe UE 106 (e.g., mobile device) establishes its first connection with the BS 110. The initial access may involve tasks such assynchronization, signal detection, channel estimation, and authentication, allowing the UE 106 to gain access to the networkresources and services. By considering both the SSB signal 108 and the coded scattered SSB signal 108A, the system 102 gainsa more comprehensive understanding of the quality of available beams. The use of both the SSB signal 108 and the codedscattered SSB signal 108A reduces the likelihood of initial access failures due to poor signal conditions. Selecting the beamwith the highest quality metric ensures that the UE 106 accesses the network using the most reliable signal path, potentiallyextending coverage, and minimizing the risk of coverage gaps or dead zones. Enhanced beam selection improves the utilizationof network resources by selecting for the UE 106, the beam that offers the improved performance. This improves spectralefficiency and overall network capacity. FIG. 1B is a diagram depicting an implementation form of a digitally controllable scatterer (DCS), in accordance with anembodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to FIG. 1B there is shown the DCS 104 also Large Intelligent Surfaces(LIS), or Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), or Reflective Intelligent Surfaces (RIS). The DCS 104 includes a pluralityof reflective or scattering elements, also known as unit elements, which are placed on a surface. The plurality of unit elements104A, 104B, 104C…, 104N. In some other implementations, the DCS 104 may have non-flat configurations and distributedconfigurations.The controllable phase configuration of the DCS 104 enables it to modify the propagation channel between the BS 110 and theUE 106. The modification is achieved by dynamically adjusting the scattering phases of the unit elements 104A, 104B, 104C…,104N, which allows the DCS 104 to beamform by adjusting the phases of the unit elements, the DCS 104 can steer the reflectedor scattered signals in specific directions. The DCS 104 can also be configured to reduce interference by directing unwantedsignals away from the UE 106. Further, by adjusting the phases of the unit elements, the DCS 104 can compensate for multipatheffects, reducing fading and improving the overall signal quality. The DCS 104 can dynamically adapt its phase configurationin real-time based on the changing network conditions, such as user movement, environmental changes, and varying interference levels.In accordance with an embodiment, the DCS 104 device generates a plurality of coded scattered SSB signals. The DCS 104receives an SSB signal transmitted from the BS 110. This SSB signal 108 serves as the input to the DCS 104. Each unit elementof the DCS 104 can independently control the phase of the signal it scatters. By adjusting this phase configuration vector, theDCS 104 can modify how each unit element scatters the received SSB signal. Using the phase configuration vector, the DCS104 generates multiple coded scattered SSB signals. Each coded scattered SSB signal is a result of a unique configuration ofthe unit elements' phases. These signals can be directed in different directions or combined to form specific beam patterns. Bygenerating multiple coded scattered SSB signals, the DCS 104 can create multiple beams or coverage patterns. This allows forspatial multiplexing, where different signals can be sent simultaneously to different users, increasing the network capacity. The ability to control the scattering pattern enables the DCS 104 to improve signal coverage, particularly in dense urban environments where buildings and other obstacles can obstruct signals. Multiple beams can increase the probability that signals reach all areas effectively. The generation of multiple coded scattered SSB signals enables advanced beamforming techniques such as beam steering (directing the beam towards a specific user), beam tracking (following a moving user), and interference mitigation (reducing interference from other signals). Further, by providing multiple beams, the DCS 104 can enhance the reliability and performance of the wireless communication system. Multiple coded scattered SSB signals can help in minimizing interferenceby directing signals in specific paths and creating nulls in unwanted directions. This improves the signal-to-noise ratio forcommunication. In accordance with an embodiment, two DCS devices are used. A first DCS device generates a first coded scattered SSB signaland a second DCS device generates a second coded scattered SSB signal.Advantageously, at the two DCS devices, advanced beamforming techniques can be employed. Each DCS device can dynamically adjust its beams to optimize signal quality and reduce interference, leading to higher spectral efficiency. In accordance with an embodiment, each of the first coded scattered SSB signal and the second coded scattered SSB signal arrives simultaneously or within an OFDM cyclic prefix at the UE 106. When signals arrive within the cyclic prefix, they can be treated as multipath components of the same signal. Signals arrivingwithin the cyclic prefix don't cause inter-symbol interference (ISI) and preserves the orthogonality of OFDM subcarriers,maintaining signal integrity. FIG. 2 is a flowchart depicting a method for generating a coded scattered SSB signal, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is explained in conjunction with elements from the FIG. 1. With reference to FIG. 2, there is shown a flowchart of a method 200 for generating coded scattered SSB signal 108A for enhanced initial access. The method 200 includes steps 202 to 204.At step 202, the method 200 includes receiving at the DCS 104 the SSB signal 108 transmitted from the BS 110 of the wirelesscommunications network. The BS 110 transmits SSB signal 108 as part of the control and synchronization process in thenetwork. The SSB signal 108 contains essential timing and control information necessary for synchronization andcommunication. The DCS 104 is strategically positioned within the coverage area of the BS 110. Upon transmission, the SSBsignal 108 propagates through the wireless medium and reaches the DCS 104.At step 204, the method 200 includes generating at least one coded scattered SSB signal 108A by taking the received SSBsignal 108 at the DCS 104 as an input, the coded scattered SSB signal 108A being scattered via a DCS-generated beam. A startof a DCS coding used to generate the coded scattered SSB signal 108A at the DCS 104 is synchronized with the received SSBsignal at the DCS 104. The SSB signal 108 and the coded scattered SSB signal 108A are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal. TheDCS 104 receives the incoming SSB signal 108 from a base station or another transmitter. The SSB signal 108 consists ofmultiple symbols. Each OFDM symbol comprises multiple subcarriers, which carry the data. Synchronization can be achievedthrough various methods such as GPS-based timing, local timing references, or extracted from the received signal. In operation,the DCS 104 initiates its coding process at the approximate moment the SSB signal 108 arrives. This ensures that the codingaligns correctly with the timing of the received SSB signal. The DCS 104 sets its coding period (i.e. DCS code period) equalto the symbol period of the received SSB signal i.e. each phase adjustment cycle of the DCS coding aligns perfectly with theduration of one OFDM symbol in the SSB signal. Matching the periods ensures that the phase changes applied by the DCS 104are coherent with the received signal, avoiding any misalignment that could lead to signal distortion or loss of orthogonality.A base phase vector ^^,^^^^defines the initial phase settings for each scattering element of the DCS 104. It establishes thefundamental phase relationship required for the desired beam coverage and is fixed during the scattering process of the SSBsignal 108. Further, a phase factor is a vector ^^ = ^^^,^ , ^^,^ , ^^,^, ^^,^^ providing the phase values that vary over time basedon the assigned code for the DCS 104. The time-varying phases defined by the phase factor include the phase values fordifferent time slots or OFDM symbols. They can change for different OFDM symbols but remain constant during the scatteringof a single OFDM symbol. The phase adjustment modifies the received SSB signal according to the predetermined DCS phaseconfiguration, combining the base phase vector ^^,^^^^ and the time-varying phase factor ^^. The rotation imparts a uniquephase shift ^^,^ to each OFDM symbol ^, giving it the desired scattering characteristics. The DCS phase configuration of “DCS^” for scattering the OFDM symbol ^ in the received SSB signal is given by^^,^ = ^^,^^^^^^,^The phase-adjusted symbols of the received SSB signal are transformed into a coded scattered SSB signal 108A. The DCS 104uses the base phases ^^,^^^^ to form a beam, which scatters the SSB signal 108 in a desired direction or pattern. The DCS 104uses the phase factor ^^ to provide coding of the SSB signal 108 that is scattered by the beam defined by the base phases^^,^^^^. The phase adjustment provided by ^^,^^^^ may involve steering the signal towards specific recipients or forming afocused beam. The steps 202 to 204 are only illustrative, and other alternatives can also be provided where one or more steps are added, one or more steps are removed, or one or more steps are provided in a different sequence without departing from the scope of the claims herein. There is provided a computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to implement the method 200. In an example, the instructions are implemented on the computer-readable media, whichinclude, but are not limited to, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Random Access Memory(RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Flash memory, a Secure Digital (SD) card, Solid-State Drive (SSD), a computer-readable storage medium, and / or CPU cache memory. In an example, the instructions are generated by a computer program, which is implemented in view of the method 200 for generating coded scattered SSB signal for the enhanced initial access. FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram depicting the structure of the SSB signal, in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. FIG. 3 is described in conjunction with elements from FIG. 1A, 1B, and 2. With reference to FIG. 3, there is shownan exemplary diagram 300 that depicts structure of the SSB signal in New Radio (NR) standard for initial access, commonlyused in 5G networks. The exemplary diagram 300 is graphical representation in which the horizontal axis represents OFDMsymbols 316 from 0 to 3 and vertical axis representing subcarriers 318 from 0 to 239. The SSB signal 108 includessynchronization signals and the PBCH 302. The synchronization signals include the PSS 304 and the SSS 306. The SSB signal108 spans four OFDM symbols 316, denoted as a symbol zero x0(t) 308, a symbol one x1(t) 310, a symbol two x2(t) 312, asymbol three x3(t) 314. The PSS 304 occupies the symbol zero x0(t) 308. The PSS 304 helps the UE 106 to achieve frequencyand time synchronization with the BS 110 and allows the UE 106 to detect the presence of a cell and determine the physicallayer cell identity group. The SSS 306 is located in the symbol three x3(t) 314. The SSS 306 complements the PSS 304 byenabling the UE 106 to determine the exact physical layer cell identity within the detected cell identity group. The SSS 306also assists in fine-tuning the timing synchronization. The PBCH 302 is spread across the symbol one x1(t) 310, the symboltwo x2(t) 312 and the symbol three x3(t) 314. The PBCH 302 carries the Master Information Block (MIB), which includescrucial system information that the UE 106 needs to initiate communication with the network. In operation, the UE 106 firstscans for the PSS 304 in the SSB signal 108 to detect potential cells and achieve coarse synchronization. After detecting thePSS 304, the UE 106 looks for the SSS 306 to fine-tune its synchronization and determine the exact cell identity. The UE 106then decodes the PBCH 302 to obtain the MIB, which contains essential information required to proceed with the connectionestablishment process.Advantageously, by providing the signals in a structured manner, the SSB signal 108 facilitates efficient initial access andsynchronization for UEs in the 5G NR network. The consistent format across four OFDM symbols ensures that UEs can reliablydetect and synchronize with the BS 110 even under varying signal conditions.FIG. 4A and 4B are exemplary diagrams depicting transmission of beams from the BS, in accordance with another embodimentof the present disclosure. FIGs 4A and 4B are described in conjunction with elements from FIGs. 1A, 1B, 2, and 3. Withreference to FIG. 4A, there is shown diagram 400A depicting a scenario when BS 110 sends the SSB signal 108 only via asweeping beam 402A which is the beam chosen by the BS 110 for SSB beam sweeping. The DCS 104 is placed inside thecoverage area of the beam 402A chosen by the BS 110 for standard SSB beam sweeping.The BS 110 transmits the SSB signal 108 using a corresponding sweeping beam. The different sweeping beams sending theircorresponding SSB signal 108 sweep across the coverage area of the BS 110. The beam sweep covers various sectors ordirections, ensuring that different areas within the cell are periodically illuminated by the SSB signal 108. The DCS 104 isplaced within the area covered by a sweeping beam 402A. It is strategically positioned to intercept the SSB signal 108 whenthe sweeping beam 402A is used by the BS.Upon receiving the SSB signal 108, the DCS 104 can process and scatter this signal. The scattering involves modifying thephase of the received SSB signal. The DCS 104 enhances the coverage of the SSB signal 108 by directing it to regions wherethe SSB from the BS might be in shadow or have weak signal strength. By controlling the phase configuration of its unitelements, the DCS 104 can generate multiple coded scattered SSB signals, thereby improving the overall signal quality andreliability for UEs within its vicinity.With reference FIG. 4B, there is shown a diagram 400B depicting a scenario in which the BS 110 sends the SSB signal 108via two beams, a sweeping beam 402A being a beam chosen by the BS 110 for standard SSB beam sweeping and a directedbeam 404B being a beam directed towards the DCS 104. The BS 110 is responsible for transmitting the SSB signal 108, whichcontains crucial synchronization and initial access information for UE 106. The SSB signal 108 is used by UE 106 to detectthe network, synchronize with it, and initiate the connection process. The sweeping beam 402A is a directional beam that ispart of the beams used by the BS 110 for beam sweeping across different sectors of the cell to ensure comprehensive coverage.The directed beam 404B is a focused beam aimed specifically at the DCS 104. The directed beam 404B provides a transmissionof the SSB signal 108 directly to the DCS 104. The BS 110 transmits the SSB signal 108 using the sweeping beam 402A.Simultaneously, the BS 110 also transmits the SSB signal 108 via the directed beam 404B. This beam is focused and directedspecifically at the DCS 104. The directed beams allow the BS transmitted signal to reach the DCS 104, when the DCS 104 isoutside the coverage area of the sweeping beam 402A.Upon receiving the SSB signal 108, the DCS 104 processes it by adjusting the phase configuration of its unit elements. Thisprocessing allows the DCS 104 to scatter the signal in desired directions, enhancing coverage and signal quality. The use ofboth sweeping and directed beams enables that the SSB signal 108 reaches different areas of the cell, including those that maynot be directly covered by the BS sweeping beam alone. The directed beam 404B ensures that the DCS 104 receives signal,which it can then scatter to areas with poor coverage, improving overall signal strength.FIGs. 5A, 5B, and 5C are an exemplary diagram that depicts scattering by the DCS, in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. FIGs. 5A, 5B, and 5C are described in conjunction with elements from FIGs. 1A to 4B. With reference toFIG.5A, there is shown an exemplary diagram 500A which includes a scattered SSB beam 502A produced from scattering ofthe directed beam 404B. The scattered SSB beam 502A overlaps with the sweeping beam 402A used by BS 110 for the SSBbeam sweeping. The controllable base phase configuration vector specifies base phase values (one for each scatteringelement), it is fixed during the entire DCS scattering of the impinging SSB signal 108 of the BS 110 and defines the propagationchannel via the DCS 104. The controllable base phase configuration vector can be arbitrarily or randomly designedor can be chosen so that the DCS beam points to a desired specific direction. As shown in FIG. 5A, the DCS 104 scatterstowards an area that coincides with the coverage area of the sweeping beam 402A chosen by the BS 110 for beam sweeping.With reference to FIG. 5B, there is shown the BS 110, the scattered SSB beam 502A produced by scattering of the directedbeam 404B. The scattered SSB beam 502A is directed towards an area that cannot be reached via the sweeping beam 402Aused by the BS 110 for the SSB beam sweeping due to blockage. In this case controllable base phase configuration vectorso chosen that a scattered beam 502A covers the area that the sweeping beam 402A cannot reach due to a blockage 504A.With reference to FIG. 5C, there is shown the BS 110, the scattered SSB beam 502A produced by scattering of the directedbeam 404B directed towards an area that cannot be reached via the sweeping beam 402A used by the BS 110 for SSB beamsweeping due to insufficient range. FIG.6 is an exemplary diagram depicting synchronization of DCS phase configuration with the OFDM symbols, in accordancewith an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG 6 is described in conjunction with elements from FIGs. 1A to 5C. Withreference to FIG. 6, there is shown an exemplary diagram 600 that depicts the DCS coding pattern over the four OFDM symbolsthat make up the SSB signal 108. The exemplary diagram 600 includes a graphical representation in which x-axis 602 representsSSB signal 108 OFDM symbols impinging on the DCS 104, and y-axis 604 represents the phase configuration of the DCS 104.The coding period (for example, period one 606) is equal to the OFDM symbol duration, ensuring the coding period issynchronized with the OFDM symbol period. The phase factor is given by vector = [0, ^, 0, ^] The codevalues (e.g., 0, π) remain constant over the duration of each OFDM symbol but can change between symbols and are appliedas an overall phase rotation over the DCS base phases as shown in FIG. 6. The code values given by the phase factorvector ^ = = [0, ^, 0, ^] introduce phase rotations to each OFDM symbol of the impinging SSB, generatingthe coded scattered SSB signal 108A. By synchronizing the DCS coding period to the OFDM symbol 316 timing and applyinga constant phase rotation within each symbol, the coded scattered SSB signal 108A preserves the structure of the original SSB.This allows a receiving UE 106 to decode the coded scattered SSB using the same procedures as for the standard SSB, whilestill distinguishing it from the original based on the applied coding.FIGs. 7A and 7B and 7C are exemplary diagrams depicting scenarios when three DCSs or sub-DCSs are used for generatingscattered waves, in accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to FIG. 7A, there is shown adiagram 700A which includes a plurality of DCSs and the BS 110 sending SSB signal with three beams The plurality of DCSsincludes a first DCS 702A, a second DCS 704A, and a third DCS 706A. A first beam 708A received by the first DCS 702A, asecond beam 710A received by the second DCS 704A , and a third beam 718A received by the third DCS 706A. Further, afirst scattered beam 712A scattered by the first DCS 702A, a second scattered beam 714A scattered by the second DCS 704A,and a third scattered beam 716 scattered by the third DCS 706A.With reference to FIG. 7B, there is shown a diagram 700B which includes the BS 110, and the DCS 104 which is divided intothree sub-sections and acts as three different DCSs. The diagram 700B further includes a beam 702B directed towards the DCS104 and a fourth scattered beam 706B scattered by the first section of DCS 104, a fifth scattered beam 708B scattered by thesecond section of the DCS 104 and a sixth scattered beam 710B scattered by the third section of the DCS 104. With reference to FIG.7C, there is shown a diagram 700C which includes the BS 110 sending the SSB signal with a beam702C, the DCS 104B being in the coverage area of the BS beam. The DCS 104B divided into three sub-sections acts as threedifferent DCSs each generating a different scattered beam i.e., a first scattered beam 704C, a second scattered beam 706C anda third scattered beam 708C.In the case of three DCSs i.e., the first DCS 702A, the second DCS 704A, and the third DCS 706A as shown in FIG. 7A orthree sub-DCSs as shown in FIG. 7B and FIG. 7C each DCS ^ or sub-DCS ^ is assigned a code which can be for example based on the rows of a Hadamard matrix of size 4 which are known to be orthogonal and given by In an example, for DCS with d=1 i.e. for the DCS 702A or sub-DCS d=1 the Hadmard matrix code is given by: the Hadmard matrix code for DCS ^ = 2 i.e., for the second DCS 704A or sub-DCS ^ = 2 is given by and the Hadmard matrix code for DCS ^ = 3 i.e., for the third DCS 706A or sub-DCS ^ = 3 is given by All ones Hadmard matrix codeword are assigned to the BS 110. The vector of phases ^^,^^^^ for each DCS ^ or sub-DCS ^can be arbitrarily designed or designed to provide the DCS beams described in FIG.7A when using three DCS or to provide the DCS beams described in FIG.7B or FIG.7C when using three sub-DCSs. FIG.8 is a diagram representing phase coding for the scenarios given in FIG.7A to 7C. FIG.8 is explained in conjunction withelements from the FIG. 1A to FIG. 7C. With reference to FIG. 8, there is shown a diagram 800 including three sections a firstsection 802, a second section 810, a third section 818. The first section 802 includes a graphical representation in which the x-axis 804 represents the timing of the SSB signal 108 OFDM symbols (OFDM symbol period 808) impinging on the first DCS702A, and the y-axis 806 represents the phase configuration of the first DCS 702A. The second section 810 includes a graphicalrepresentation in which the x-axis 812 represents the timing of the SSB signal 108 OFDM symbols (OFDM symbol period816) impinging on the second DCS 704A, and the y-axis 814 represents the phase configuration of the second DCS 704A. Thethird section 818 includes a graphical representation in which the x-axis 820 represents the timing of the SSB signal 108 OFDMsymbols (OFDM symbol period 824) impinging on the third DCS 702A, and the y-axis 822 represents the phase configurationof the third DCS 706A. Each DCS or sub-DCS is synchronized with the OFDM symbols of the impinging SSB such that theDCS coding at DCS ^ or sub-DCS ^ starts when the SSB signal reaches the DCS and the DCS code period equals the OFDMsymbol period. Fig.9 is a flowchart depicting a method for processing by the UE, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.FIG. 9 is explained in conjunction with elements from the FIGs. 1A to 8. With reference to FIG. 9, there is shown a flowchartof a method 900 for processing at the UE 106. The method 900 includes steps 902 to 906. At step 904, the method 900 includes the UE 106 using the received signal to measure a quality metric of the SSB signal 108and a quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal 108A to determine the quality of a beam used by the BS 110 for SSBsignal transmission and a quality of a beam used by the DCS 104 for coded SSB signal scattering.Once the UE 106 has decoded the PSS, SSS, and PBCH transmitted from the base station the OFDM symbols ^^ (^), ^^(^),^^(^), ^^(^) transmitted by the BS 110 are known at the UE 106 and thus the UE 106 can use this knowledge to estimate aquality metric of the SSB signal and a quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal received from each DCS ^ or sub-DCS^. The measurement of the quality metric of the SSB signal corresponds in this embodiment to the measurement of thepropagation channel ℎ^^^(channel without DCS), and the measurement of the quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signalvia the DCS 104 (for example, DCS ^ or sub-DCS ^) corresponds to the measurement of the propagation channel ℎ^^^^^(propagation channel via DCS d or sub-DCS d). At step 906, the method 900 includes based on the determination, determining a beam to use for initial access to the wirelesscommunication network based on a comparison of the measured quality metric of the SSB signal 108 and the measured qualitymetric of the coded scattered SSB signal. In an example, for simplicity of explanation the frequency domain is now consideredand the vectors ^^ ∈ ℂ^^^×^, ^^ ∈ ℂ^^^×^, ^^ ∈ ℂ^^^×^, ^^ ∈ ℂ^^^×^are used to denote the frequency domain signal (complex value per subcarrier) sent by the BS 110 during SSB OFDM symbol 0, 1, 2, 3 respectively. ^^, ^^, ^^, ^^are simply thefrequency domain representation of ^^ (^), ^^(^), ^^(^), ^^(^) respectively. ^ ^^,^is the ^-th component of OFDM symbol ^^.^ The overall channel from BS to UE, at subcarrier ^, during OFDM symbol ^, considering all non-DCS and DCSpropagation paths is given by ^ ℎ^^^^^ ,^ is the DCS channel from BS 110 to UE 106 via DCS ^ or sub-DCS ^ at subcarrier ^. This channel is dependenton the value of ^^,^^^^which remains constant during the scattering of the four OFDM symbols composing the SSB signal impinging at the DCS 104. This channel remains constant during the scattering of the four OFDM symbols by theDCS.^ ℎ^^^,^ is the non-DCS channel from BS 110 to UE 106, at subcarrier ^. This channel is also constant during the BStransmission of the OFDM SSB symbols. ^ ^^,^is additive noise.Since, as was explained before, the UE 106 has already decoded the PSS, SSS and PBCH then ^^, ^^, ^^, ^^ are knownhence ^^,^ is known and using the knowledge of ^^,^ the UE can estimate the channel ℎ^,^ as follows Assuming the UE 106 knows the coding matrix ℋ then we can estimate each DCS channel ℎ^^^^^,^, ℎ^^^^^,^, ℎ^^^^^,^ and thenon-DCS channel ℎ^^^,^using the computed ℎ^^,^, ℎ^^,^, ℎ^^,^, and ℎ^^,^and the known coding matrix ℋ as follows The obtained channel estimates ℎ^^^^^^ ,^, ℎ^^^^^^,^, ℎ^^^^^^ ,^and ℎ^^^^,^provide respectively the quality metric for the codedscattered SSB signal received from DCS or sub-DCS ^ = 1, the quality metric for the coded scattered SSB signal receivedfrom DCS or sub-DCS ^ = 2, the quality metric for the coded scattered SSB signal received from DCS or sub-DCS ^ = 3,and the quality metric from the SSB signal. The above result is obtained following the steps below which exploit the fact that ℋℋ^equals the identity matrix, where ℋ^denotes the conjugate transpose of The steps 902 to 906 are only illustrative, and other alternatives can also be provided where one or more steps are added, oneor more steps are removed, or one or more steps are provided in a different sequence without departing from the scope of the claims herein. There is provided a computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to implement the method 900. In an example, the instructions are implemented on the computer-readable media, which include, but are not limited to, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Flash memory, a Secure Digital (SD) card, Solid-State Drive (SSD), a computer-readable storage medium, and / or CPU cache memory. In an example, the instructions are generated by acomputer program, which is implemented in view of the method 200 for generating coded scattered SSB signal for the enhancedinitial access. FIG.10A, 10B, and 10C are diagrams depicting scenario of initial access and beam reporting, in accordance with embodiment of present disclosure. FIGs.10A to 10C are explained in conjunction with elements form FIGs.1A to FIG.9. With referenceto FIG. 10A, there is shown a scenario where the BS 110 is transmitting an SSB signal via a beam 1002A for its standard SSBbased beam sweeping and via a beam 1006A towards the DCS 104 which is scattering the impinging SSB signal received viabeam 1006A to produce a coded scattered SSB signal via beam 1004A. With reference to FIG.10B, there is shown a scenariowhere the BS 110 is transmitting an SSB signal via a beam 1002B for its standard SSB based beam sweeping and via a beam1008B towards a DCS 104A and via a beam 1010B towards a DCS 104B each DCS scattering the impinging SSB signal toproduce respectively the coded scattered SSB signal via beam 1004B and coded scattered SSB signal via beam 1006B. Withreference to FIG. 10C, there is shown a scenario where the BS 110 is transmitting an SSB signal via a beam 702C, the DCS104B being in the coverage area of the beam 702C. The DCS 104B is divided into three sub-sections acts as three differentDCSs each generating a different scattered beam i.e., a first scattered beam 704C, a second scattered beam 706C and a thirdscattered beam 708C.With reference to FIG. 10D, there is shown the BS 110 that performs standard SSB sweeping while DCS 104A and 104 Bperform DCS beam generation and SSB coding. When the BS 110 sends the SSB signal SSB0 1004D via the beam 1002Achosen for standard beam sweeping with the SSB01004D it also sends the SSB signal SSB01004D via the beam 1006A to theDCS 104A as shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10D. When the BS 110 sends the SSB signal SSB1 1006D via the beam 1002Bchosen for standard beam sweeping with SSB11006D it also sends the SSB11006D signal via beam 1008B to the DCS 104Aand via beam 1010B to the DCS 104B as shown in FIG. 10B and FIG. 10D. Further, when the BS 110 sends the SSB signalSSB2 1008D via the beam 702C chosen for standard beam sweeping with SSB21008D this SSB21008D is scattered by theDCS 104B which happens to be in the coverage range of the beam 702C used by the BS 110 for standard SSB beam sweepingas shown in FIG. 10C and FIG. 10D. As shown in FIG. 10D, upon BS transmission of SSB2 1008D this SSB2 1008D and also ^^^^^^^2^ 1016D, ^^^^^^^2^1018D, ^^^^^^^2^ 1020D, generated by coded scattering from sub-DCS 1,2,3 which are sub-DCSs of DCS 104B propagateover the air. The UE 106 is not in the coverage area of the beams used to propagate these signals (i.e., the beam 702C, the firstscattered beam 704C, the second scattered beam 706C and the third scattered beam 708C) hence it does not receive thesesignals and are shown in dashed lines arriving to the UE 106 in FIG.10D.The SSB and coded scattered SSBs that arrive simultaneously at the UE 106 are orthogonal because of DCS coding hence thereceive signal power of each can be measured. Since each SSB and coded scattered SSBs that simultaneously arrive at the UE106 are associated with a different beam then multiple beams (from BS 110 and respective DCS) can be simultaneouslymeasured within a single SSB transmission from BS 110. When the beam reporting informing the quality of the signals receivedvia different beams is completed, establishment of connection 1022D takes place. The beam reporting is a crucial process inmodern wireless communication systems, particularly in 5G New Radio (NR), where beamforming is extensively used toimprove signal quality and coverage. The Beam reporting involves the UE 106 measuring the signal quality from differentbeams transmitted by the BS 110 and reporting these measurements back to the network. This allows the wirelesscommunication network to optimize beam selection and enhance overall performance. Further a UE reporting 1024D involvesUE 106 reporting the measured signal quality back to the network. Modifications to embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as "including", "comprising","incorporating", "have", "is" used to describe, and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a non-exclusivemanner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance or illustration". Any embodiment described as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or to exclude the incorporation of features from other embodiments. The word "optionally" is used herein to mean "is provided in some embodiments and not provided in other embodiments". It is appreciated that certain features of the present disclosure, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable combination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the disclosure.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A method (200) comprising steps of:receiving, at a digitally controllable scatterer, DCS (104), device, a synchronization signal block, SSB,signal (108), transmitted from a base station, BS (110), of a wireless communications network, andgenerating at least one coded scattered SSB signal (108A)by taking the received SSB signal at the DCS (104) as an input, the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) being scattered via a DCS generated beam, wherein a startof a DCS coding used to generate the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) at the DCS (104) device is synchronizedwith the received SSB signal at the DCS (104), wherein a DCS code period of the DCS coding is a function of asymbol period of the received SSB signal at the DCS, wherein the SSB signal (108) and the coded scattered SSBsignal (108A) are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal.

2. The method (200) of claim 1, wherein the SSB signal (108) transmitted by the BS (110) and the coded scattered SSBsignal (108A) are received by a mobile user equipment, UE (106).

3. The method (200) of claim 2, wherein, the UE (106) uses a received signal received at the UE (106) to measure aquality metric of the SSB signal (108) and a quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) to determinethe quality of a beam used by the BS (110) for SSB signal transmission and a quality of a DCS beam used by theDCS (104) for coded SSB signal scattering.

4. The method (200) of claim 3, wherein, based on the determination, determining a beam to use for initial access to thewireless communication network based on a comparison of the measured quality metric of the SSB signal (108) andthe measured quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal (108A).

5. The method (200) of claim 1, wherein the DCS coding of the DCS (104) device is synchronized with the received SSB signal.

6. The method (200) of claim 1, wherein the DCS code period is a function of an OFDM symbol period.

7. The method (200) of claim 6, wherein the DCS code period is equal to the OFDM symbol period.

8. The method (200) of claim 1, wherein two DCS devices are used and wherein a first DCS device generates a firstcoded scattered SSB signal and a second DCS device generates a second coded scattered SSB signal.

9. The method (200) of claim 8, wherein each of the first coded scattered SSB signal and the second coded scatteredSSB signal arrives simultaneously or within an OFDM cyclic prefix at the UE (106).

10. The method (200) of claim 1, wherein the DCS device generates a plurality of coded scattered SSB signals.

11. A method (900) comprising steps of:receiving by a mobile user equipment, UE (106) a synchronization signal block, SSB, signal (108)transmitted by a base station, BS (110) and a coded scattered SSB signal (108A), generated by a digitally controllablescatterer, DCS (104), device as a received signal; the UE (106) using the received signal to measure a quality metric of the SSB signal (108) and a quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) to determine the quality of a beam used by the BS (110) for SSBsignal transmission and a quality of a beam used by the DCS (104) for coded SSB signal scattering; and12. based on the determination, determining a beam to use for initial access to the wireless communication network basedon a comparison of the measured quality metric of the SSB signal (108) and the measured quality metric of the coded scattered SSB signal (108A);wherein the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) is generated by taking the received SSB signal at the DCS(104) as an input, the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) being scattered via a DCS generated beam, wherein a start of a DCS coding used to generate the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) at the DCS (104) device is synchronized with the received SSB signal at the DCS (104), wherein a DCS code period of the DCS coding is a function of a symbol period of the received SSB signal at the DCS, wherein the SSB signal (108) and the coded scattered SSB signal (108A) are orthogonal or semi-orthogonal.

13. A system (100) comprising means adapted for carrying out all the steps of the method (200) according to any preceding method claim.

14. A computer program comprising instructions for carrying out all the steps of the method (200) according to anypreceding method claim, when said computer program is executed on a computer system.

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