619 results about "Signal encoding" patented technology

An encoding apparatus includes a selector for periodically selecting fields of an interlaced video signal to be converted to respective progressive scanning frames, by a scanning converter which doubles the number of scanning lines per field. The apparatus encodes these frames by intra-frame encoding or unidirectional predictive encoding using preceding ones of the frames, and encodes the remaining fields of the video signal by bidirectional prediction using preceding and succeeding ones of the progressive scanning frames for reference. The resultant code can be decoded by an inverse process to recover the interlaced video signal, or each decoded field can be converted to a progressive scanning frame to thereby enable output of a progressive scanning video signal. Enhanced accuracy of motion prediction for inter-frame encoding can thereby be achieved, and generation of encoded aliasing components suppressed, since all reference pictures are progressive scanning frames rather than pairs of fields constituting interlaced scanning frames.

Advanced Video Coding uses intra prediction for 4*4 pixel blocks whereby reconstructed samples from adjacent pixel blocks are used to predict a current block. Nine different intra prediction modes are available in AVC. In order to save bits for signalling the prediction modes, a flag and a 3-bit parameter are used. If this flag is set the most probable prediction mode, which is calculated from previous predictions, is used by the encoder and the decoder to reconstruct the actual prediction mode. If the flag is cleared, the 3-bit parameter is sent to select the prediction mode independently. According to the invention, the flag is applied more frequently, based on a prediction error threshold, instead of applying the optimum prediction mode for a current pixel block.

A method for encoding a frame in an encoder of a communication system, said method comprising the steps of: calculating a first set of parameters associated with the frame, wherein said first set of parameters comprises filter bank parameters; selecting, in a first stage, one of a plurality of encoding methods based on the first set of parameters one of modes for encoding; calculating a second set of parameters associated with the frame; selecting, in a second stage, one of the plurality of encoding methods based on the result of the first stage selection and the second set of parameters one of modes for encoding; and encoding the frame using the selected encoding excitation method from the second stage.

Mapping computers and ports of power distribution units in a data center, the data center including a plurality of computers and a data center management server, each computer in the data center connected for power to one of a plurality of power distribution unit (‘PDU’) ports of a PDU, each PDU connected through the communications module and a data communications network to the data center management server, including generating, by a power modulating module of a computer, a power consumption signal in the PDU, the power consumption signal encoding a unique identification of the computer; demodulating, by the PDU, the power consumption signal, including retrieving from the signal the unique identification of the computer; and reporting, by the PDU to the data center management server, an association of the unique identification of the computer and a PDU port.

A picture signal encoding apparatus on which, even if a picture is not uniform in picture pattern, the picture can be rendered substantially uniform in picture quality, the volume of bits occupying a virtual buffer is stabilized, deterioration in picture quality is rendered less visible and in which stable rate control is assured. The picture signal encoding apparatus, dividing a picture making up moving picture signals into plural macro-blocks MB and encoding the signals from one macro-block to another, includes a relative coding difficulty calculating circuit for calculating the relative coding difficulty from one macro-block to another MB, and a characteristic value calculating circuit for calculating the weighting coefficients (characteristic values) specifying visibility degree of picture quality deterioration from one macro-block MB to another. The picture signal encoding apparatus also includes a bit rate controller for calculating the quantization scale for encoding each macro-block MB using the complexity degree and the volume of allocated bits for macro-block-based encoding.

In a quantization step information encoding unit, an average value of the quantization step information is found in an approximate shape extraction unit (20), first of all, from one set of a given number of unitary quantization units to another. In an approximate shape encoding unit (21), the approximate shape information is vector-quantized. In a residual signal computing unit (22), the residual signals between the quantization step information and the quantized approximate shape vector are computed. In a residual signal encoding unit (23), the residual signals are variable length encoded, and the so encoded residual signals and the vector quantized approximate shape information are output.

Provided is a method of determining a gaze point of an eye watching a visual display controllable by a display signal. The method comprises generating a display signal using a graphics card in order for the visual display to produce a screen pattern; receiving a signal encoding an image of the eye including a corneo-scleral reflection of the screen pattern; and determining, based on in part the geometry of said reflection, a gaze point of the eye, wherein said determining a gaze point includes utilising the graphics card as a parallel processor.

The image of the eye may be received directly at the graphics card. The graphics card may extract image features in the eye images. Reference illuminators may be used, and the screen pattern may be interlaced with a distinctive reference pattern.

Further provided are a gaze-tracking system and a personal computer system adapted to determine a gaze point of a viewer.

Disclosed is a stereo acoustic signal encoding apparatus in which the signal quality does not deteriorate if there are a plurality of sound sources. A peak tracing unit (401) splits frames of a right channel signal and a left channel signal into a plurality of sub frames; detects the peaks of wave shapes of the split sub frames; and estimates a frame delay time D for each frame of the right channel signal and the left channel signal by comparing the positions of the detected peaks. A time adjusting unit (402) adjusts the time of the right channel signal on the basis of the frame time delay D. A down-mix operation is carried out using the right channel signal which has been subjected to the time adjustment and the left channel signal to generate a mono signal and a sub signal. A mono signal encoding unit (403) encodes the mono signal. A sub signal encoding unit (404) encodes the sub signal. The time delay encoding unit (405) encodes the frame time delay D.

A system and method for encoding zero and one bits for transmission, including generating a first signal from a non-linear chaotic system to represent the one bit, with the signal's embedded vectors being within the non-linear system's attractor set, and generating a second signal from the non-linear system to represent the zero bit, with the signal's embedded vectors being outside the non-linear system's attractor set. The second signal encoding the zero bit can be generated by adding together two chaotic signals arising from the non-linear system initialized with different initial conditions, and weighting the second signal to have approximately the same energy as the first signal. One suitable chaotic systems is a Lorenz system. Systems and methods for decoding a transmitted stream of signals compare a detection statistic of the received stream of signals to a threshold value that depends on the chaotic system.

An audio signal encoding and decoding apparatus capable of transmitting an audio signal or an audio signal together with a sound-field-effect-processed audio signal are provided. The audio signal encoding apparatus includes a core encoder to encode an input audio signal according to an audio signal encoding standard, a core decoder to decode the encoded audio signal output from the core encoder, a sound-field-effect processor to perform a sound-field-effect process on the input audio signal, a selector to selectively output the input audio signal or the sound-field-effect-processed audio signal output from the sound-field-effect processor, a subtraction unit to calculate a difference signal between the signals output from the core decoder and the selector, an extension encoder to encode the difference signal output from the subtraction unit according to an arbitrary encoding scheme and to output the extension encoded signal, and a multiplexer to multiplex the encoded audio signal output from the core encoder and the extension encoded signal output from the extension encoder into a composite encoded signal and to output the composite encoded signal.

A Circuit for reducing the number of serial ATA external PHY signals includes: a serializer/deserializer, connected to a storage medium controller through a set of parallel signal transmitting lines and a set of parallel signal receiving lines, so as to convert signals between parallel and serial specifications; a phase locked loop, connected to the serializer/deserializer so as to generate a clock signal required for data signal transmission; at least one pair of transmitter and receiver, each connected to the serializer/deserializer, each transmitter able to transmit the serial data signal from the serializer through a set of serial signal transmitting lines to a serial ATA device, and each receiver able to receive the serial data from the serial ATA device through a set of serial signal receiving lines to the deserializer; and at least one OOB signal detector, each connected to the corresponding receiving lines, so as to detect the out of band signals from the serial ATA device. The Circuit also employs in certain applications a signal encoding approach for reducing the number of serial ATA external PHY signals, wherein an encoder and a decoder are employed to encode control signals and status signals into special data codes transmitted between a serial ATA external PHY and a storage medium controller, so as to minimize the number of interface signals.

The present invention is directed toward a communications channel comprising a link level protocol, a driver, a receiver, and a canceller/equalizer. The link level protocol provides logic for DC-free signal encoding and recovery as well as supporting many features including CRC error detection and message resend to accommodate infrequent bit errors across the medium. The canceller/equalizer provides equalization for destabilized data signals and also provides simultaneous bi-directional data transfer. The receiver provides bit deskewing by removing synchronization error, or skewing, between data signals. The driver provides impedance controlling by monitoring the characteristics of the communications medium, like voltage or temperature, and providing a matching output impedance in the signal driver so that fewer distortions occur while the data travels across the communications medium.

The present invention provides an optical system comprises a scanning spectrometer incorporating an electronic light modulator and digital signal processing means. The spectrometer technique combined with optical signal encoding provides the ability to obtain spectral signatures and identify optical patterns of biological tissue. One example of biological tissue scanning includes techniques such as identification of optical patterns of normal and abnormal tissues in addition to the delineation of these spectral patterns between the abnormal and normal tissue. Due to an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio provided by the optical system according to the present invention, this optical system can detect patterns in biological tissue that may be more subtle than those patterns that would be possible to obtain with currently available optical systems.

A circuit for switching digital signals on a plurality of signal lines where signals on different signals line may have different signal rates includes a controller that prevents a switch from being turned off until after another switch is stably turned ON. This allows more than one switch at a time to supply a correspondingly received digital signal to an output. Substantially identical digital signals may be supplied to two inputs of such a circuit while the circuit is switched between the respective inputs. The circuit may be driven by an encoder that supplies encoded signals without recursion but that conforms to encoding conventionally supplied by recursion. The encoder may be implemented in parallel configuration for rapid encoding of a signal, and may be implanted to perform a data strobe signal encoding conforming to IEEE standard 1394.

A signal encoding method and device and a method for encoding a joint feedback signal are provided. The signal encoding method includes the following steps. When two carriers are configured with multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request-Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) signals of the two carriers are combined into a joint feedback signal. The joint feedback signal is mapped into a codeword according to a predetermined mapping relationship between signals and codewords. Therefore, through the method for combining and encoding feedback signals of two carriers for transmission on a code channel in a dual cell (DC)-MIMO mode, bit error ratio (BER) and detection error cost are decreased, power overhead is saved, and a cubic metric (CM) value of the system is not affected, thereby enhancing the performance of the system.

A method for providing a motion signal with a sound signal using an existing sound signal encoding format. The method comprises providing the motion signal, providing the sound signal, inserting the motion signal in an available data field provided in the existing encoding algorithm, encoding the sound signal with the inserted motion signal according to the existing encoding algorithm to generate an encoded bitstream sound signal and providing the encoded bitstream sound signal comprising the motion signal and the sound signal.

A system and method are disclosed for efficiently determining a prediction block for a current block of interest in a video signal encoding protocol. In a preferred embodiment, this is achieved by determining whether there is a correlation between the intra 4×4 predictions and the 16×16 prediction modes. If the correlation to the 16×16 prediction modes is lower than a predetermined threshold value, then the additional prediction blocks using 16×16 intra luma prediction are not calculated. If the correlation to the 16×16 prediction modes is higher than the predetermined threshold value, then the additional prediction blocks are calculated using 16×16 intra luma prediction. A cost function may then be used to determine the predicted bit cost of each prediction block, and the prediction block with the lowest cost may be selected as the prediction block for the current block of interest.