Heart attack rapid diagnostic kit

Abstract

This invention relates to a heart attack rapid diagnostic kit that can be used for rapid diagnosis during or before a heart attack without affecting accuracy, characterized in that it comprises a support material (1) made of plastic or polyvinyl chloride and having water-repellent properties, a sample pad (2) placed on the support material (1) and made of cellulose or glass fibers to carry the sample, 8 membrane strips (3) placed on the support material (1) and made of cellulose and used as carrier material, 8 reaction pads (4) made of glass fiber, cellulose or polyester and stained with albumin, positioned 1 on each membrane strip (3), 8 test pads (5) positioned on each membrane strip (3) at different distances from the sample pad (2), 8 absorption pads (6) which act as reservoirs by absorbing the liquid flowing along the membrane strip (3), a water-repellent cover (7) made of plastic or polyvinyl chloride, 8 observation holes (8) on the cover (7), each positioned over the test pads (5) and used to see where the fatty acid / albumin ratio is located, 4 navigation shapes (9) used for locating interferences and a port (10) for detaching, adding, or removing test strips and pads.

Description

[0001] HEART ATTACK RAPID DIAGNOSTIC KIT

[0002] Technical Field:

[0003] This invention relates to a heart attack rapid diagnostic kit that can be used for rapid diagnosis during or before a heart attack without affecting accuracy.

[0004] State of the Art:

[0005] Today, heart attacks, medically known as myocardial infarctions, are dangerous for a variety of reasons and are difficult to detect due to the lack of rapid biomarkers. A heart attack occurs when the blood flow bringing oxygen to the heart muscle is severely reduced or completely cut off. This is because the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart gradually narrow due to the build-up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances (plaque). If the plaque ruptures, a blood clot could form and block the artery, which can lead to heart muscle damage or death. Heart attacks can potentially lead to death if not treated immediately. Some may experience classic symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath, while others may have no symptoms at all (silent myocardial infarction) or experience non-specific symptoms such as nausea, dizziness or fatigue, making it difficult to recognize. It can mimic symptoms of other conditions such as indigestion, anxiety or musculoskeletal pain, which can lead to misdiagnosis or delayed treatment. Diagnosis during a heart attack is based on two factors: interpretation of the data on the ECG and a biomarker called troponin, the level of which changes in the blood within hours. In both cases, it is not possible to detect a heart attack immediately. Although there are different methods for the measurement of troponin, it can be routinely measured in clinical laboratories.

[0006] Patent application no. US2009299155A1 describes the "Continuous Cardiac Marker Sensor System". The invention generally relates to systems and methods for continuous measurement of a cardiac marker in vivo. In some embodiments, the system comprises a continuous sensor and a communication device. The continuous sensor is configured to continuously measure the concentration of a cardiac marker in vivo and provide an associated signal. The communication device includes a processor module configured to process the signal to obtain cardiac information, wherein the communication device is configured to output cardiac information.

[0007] Patent application no. US10996229B2 describes "Use of IGFBP-7 in the Assessment of Heart Failure". A method for assessing in vitro heart failure has been described, comprising the steps of measuring in a sample of the product of the invention the concentration of the IGFBP-7 marker, optionally measuring in the sample the concentration of one or more other markers of heart failure, and assessing heart failure by comparing the concentration determined for IGFBP-7 and optionally the concentration(s) determined for one or more other markers to the concentration of this marker or these markers. Furthermore, the use of IGFBP-7 as a marker protein in the assessment of heart failure, a combination of markers including IGFBP-7, and a kit to measure IGFBP-7 are described.

[0008] Patent application no. US11199552B2 describes "Assessing Susceptibility to Cardiac Intervention, Susceptibility to Therapy for Heart Failure, Risk of Mortality or Further Cardiovascular Events, and Risk of Subsequent Pulmonary Embolism In Relevant Patients Based on Determinations of GDF-15, Natriuretic Peptide, Cardiac Troponin or Combinations Thereof. The invention relates to a method of identifying a subject susceptible to cardiac intervention based on the detection of GDF-15 in a sample from a subject in need of cardiac intervention. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method of predicting the risk of death or a further acute cardiovascular event for a subject suffering from a cardiovascular complication based on the determination of GDF-15 and a natriuretic peptide and / or a cardiac troponin in a sample from said subject. The present invention also relates to devices and kits for performing the above-mentioned methods.

[0009] It measures the level of troponin in the blood using various methods above to assess whether a person has had a heart attack or is at risk of having one. However, biomarkers such as troponin used to diagnose a heart attack are time-dependent. Their levels in the blood may not rise until hours after the onset of a heart attack. This delay can hinder the ability to diagnose and treat the condition quickly.

[0010] As a result, there is a need for a new technology which can overcome the disadvantages mentioned above. Definition of the Invention:

[0011] This invention is a heart attack rapid diagnostic kit that overcomes the disadvantages mentioned above and is characterized by its ability to provide rapid diagnosis of heart attacks, the use of fatty acid-bound albumin for this diagnosis, the presence of a membrane strip, a reaction pad, a test pad, an absorption pad, the ability to take measurements in a short time, its simple structure, and its low cost.

[0012] The invention can diagnose a heart attack quickly without affecting the accuracy of the diagnosis. It achieves this with fatty acid-bound albumin, a new biomarker of heart attack. Unlike current solutions, instead of devices that are difficult to access, it is a device that is simple, accessible to everyone, and easy to implement. The release of fatty acids from heart cells and their capture by albumin in the bloodstream is a critical aspect of lipid metabolism and energy management in the human body, especially under stressful conditions such as a heart attack. Heart cells, like other cells in the body, store energy in the form of triglycerides in lipid droplets. Under conditions of stress or increased energy demand, these triglycerides are hydrolyzed to free fatty acids and glycerol. The free fatty acids that are broken down during an attack are hydrophobic and cannot circulate freely in the aqueous environment of the bloodstream. Albumin, the most abundant protein in human plasma, plays a crucial role in the transport of free fatty acids from heart cells to other tissues. It has high-affinity binding sites for free fatty acids, allowing it to capture and transport these molecules through the circulation in less than a second. Fatty acids with a hydrophobic structure can be rapidly collected from the blood. When the number of fatty acids on an albumin that physiologically binds two fatty acids exceeds this number, it is highly likely to be used as a pathological, i.e., heart attack marker.

[0013] The invention outperforms current methods by providing results within seconds. The low cost of the diagnostic kit will also reduce health expenditures by facilitating accessibility. It is simple to use and cost-effective.

[0014] With the easy fastening of the parts that make up the invention to each other, it is easy to install, and thanks to the short assembly time, costs are low. Also, the invention has a solid structure. Description of the Drawings:

[0015] The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying figures, so that the features of the invention will be more clearly understood and appreciated, however it is not intended to limit the invention to these particular embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended all alternatives, modifications and equivalences that may be included in the field of the invention as defined by the accompanying claims are within the scope. It should be understood that the details shown are for the sole purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and are intended to provide the most useful and easily understandable description of both the embodiment of the methods and the rules and conceptual features of the invention. In the drawings;

[0016] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the system.

[0017] Fig. 2 is a perspective view of test components

[0018] Fig. 3 is a top view of the cover.

[0019] The figures which will help understand this invention are numbered as indicated in the accompanying drawing and are given below with their names.

[0020] Description of the References:

[0021] 1. Support Material

[0022] 2. Sample Pad

[0023] 3. Membrane Strip

[0024] 4. Reaction Pad

[0025] 5. Test Pad

[0026] 6. Absorption Pad

[0027] 7. Cover

[0028] 8. Observation Hole

[0029] 9. Navigation Hole

[0030] 10. Port

[0031] Description of the Invention: The invention comprises a support material (1) made of plastic or polyvinyl chloride and having water-repellent properties, a sample pad (2) placed on the support material (1) and made of cellulose or glass fibers to carry the sample, 8 membrane strips (3) placed on the support material (1) and made of cellulose and used as carrier material, 8 reaction pads (4) made of glass fiber, cellulose or polyester and stained with albumin, positioned 1 on each membrane strip (3), 8 test pads (5) positioned on each membrane strip (3) at different distances from the sample pad (2), 8 absorption pads (6) which act as reservoirs by absorbing the liquid flowing along the membrane strip (3), a water- repellent cover (7) made of plastic or polyvinyl chloride, 8 observation holes (8) on the cover (7), each positioned over the test pads (5) and used to see where the fatty acid / albumin ratio is located, 4 navigation holes (9) used for locating interferences and a port (10) for detaching, adding, or removing test strips and pads.

[0032] The invention comprises a sample pad (2), membrane strip (3), reaction pad (4), test pad (5), and absorption pad (6) with a thickness of less than 300pm.

[0033] Detailed Description of the Invention:

[0034] The constituent parts of the invention are essentially the support material (1), sample pad (2), membrane strip (3), reaction pad (4), test pad (5), absorption pad (6), cover (7), observation hole (8), navigation hole (9), and port (10).

[0035] The invention is a miniaturized chromatographic / horizontal flow type method. This present invention provides a direct, precise, and selective determination of fatty acidbound albumin. Each strip and pad used in the horizontal flow has a thickness of less than 300pm. Reducing the width results in reduced sample usage and increased measurement power. Since the strips and pads are porous, fluid transmission is facilitated. This enables rapid analysis.

[0036] The horizontal flow test uses albumin stained with dye as a test. The main principle of the test is that this stained albumin moves at a lower speed because it is bound by the fatty acid on the paper. The color intensity is proportional to the stained albumin. The object of the invention is the determination of fatty acid / albumin (FA / Alb) on a horizontal flow test. A water-repellent support material (1) on which all strip and pad components are attached is provided. The support material (1) can be plastic, polyvinyl chloride, etc. A sample pad (2) positioned in the center of the circular support material (1) is provided. The sample pad (2) can be prepared from cellulose or glass fibers. The main task of the sample pad (2) is to transport the sample to the membrane strip (3), reaction pad (4), test pad (5) and absorption pad (6) that constitute the horizontal flow test components. The sample pad (2) can therefore be conditioned with different factors that may affect its performance, such as proteins, detergents, viscosity-enhancing reagents, or buffers. The sample pad (2) is soaked and conditioned with buffer containing NaCI, Tween-20, and sodium azide at room temperature. In cases where this buffer is not sufficient, different buffers and surfactants such as albumin, SDS, Tween-20, borate buffer can be used. The buffer content of the sample pad (2) can be controlled by varying the flow rate and separation of the sample. In this way, the performance of the sample pad (2) will ensure efficient transportation of the samples and reliability of the test results. 8 membrane strips (3) placed on the support material (1) and made of cellulose and used as carrier material are provided. The membrane strip (3) is an important part of the test component and is used as a carrier material. The choice of membrane can affect the performance of the test. It may have nitrocellulose structure. The nitrocellulose membrane has properties that can affect the ease of binding of proteins for the selection, reaction, and determination steps. 8 reaction pads (4) made of glass fiber, cellulose or polyester and stained with albumin, positioned 1 on each membrane strip (3) are provided. The reaction pad (4) is located between the sample pad (2) and the test pad (5) and is an important part of the test system. The structure and composition of the reaction pad (4) affects the performance of the test. The marked peptides are dried on the analytical membrane and one of the most important factors at this stage is the long-term stability of the dye staining the albumin. For the reaction pad (4), bovine serum albumin, sucrose, NaCI, Tween-20 and sodium borate containing sodium azide should be used. Alternatively, polyethylene glycol containing bovine serum albumin and phosphate buffered saline solution can be used. Conjugation is completed by incubation in this solution for at least 1 hour. Since the reaction pad (4) is a critical stage that affects the performance of the test system, optimization of this section must be done with care. It is also important to study the interactions between the reaction pad (4) and the direct sample pad (2) and to perform direct application tests. This ensures the reliability and precision of the test system. 8 test pads (5) positioned on each membrane strip (3) at different distances from the sample pad (2) are provided. The pore size of the membrane strip (3) also has an impact on the transport rate. Therefore, the pore size, length, width of the membrane strip (3) and the distances between the test line are important. These lines are drawn using a dispenser. The test line is specific to each fatty acid / albumin ratio and is invariable. 8 absorption pads (6) which act as reservoirs by absorbing the liquid flowing along the membrane strip (3) are provided. The absorption pad (6) can increase the amount of sample and thus contribute to increased precision. Cellulose filters can be used for this purpose. One important parameter is the liquid absorption capacity of the absorption pad (6), as excess liquid will collect here and support the capillary effect. The flow direction will be established in this way. Beyond these descriptions, a number of parameters depend on this, such as appropriate peptide selection, conjugation conditions, sample pad (2) and reaction pad (4) material selection and conditioning, membrane strip (3) selection, test line concentration, absorption pad (6) material, running buffer, and sample volume. After waiting for a certain period of time after the sample is applied, absorption and the movement of the sample can be observed through the observation hole (8). Excess sample solution that does not reach or passes through the observation holes (8) will be collected on the absorption pad (6) located at the top of the test systems. A water-repellent cover (7) made of plastic or polyvinyl chloride is provided. The cover (7) comprises navigation shapes (9) in different shapes. According to these navigation shapes (9), the observation holes (8) will show which fatty acid / albumin ratio is at which location in the albumin tests. A port (10) for separating, adding, or removing test strips and pads is provided.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . A heart attack rapid diagnostic kit, characterized in that it comprises:- a support material (1) made of plastic or polyvinyl chloride and having water-repellent properties,- a sample pad (2) placed on the support material (1) and made of cellulose or glass fibers to carry the sample,- 8 membrane strips (3) placed on the support material (1) and made of cellulose and used as carrier material,- 8 reaction pads (4) made of glass fiber, cellulose or polyester and stained with albumin, positioned 1 on each membrane strip (3),- 8 test pads (5) positioned on each membrane strip (3) at different distances from the sample pad (2),- 8 absorption pads (6) which act as reservoirs by absorbing the liquid flowing along the membrane strip (3),- a water-repellent cover (7) made of plastic or polyvinyl chloride,- 8 observation holes (8) on the cover (7), each positioned over the test pads (5) and used to see where the fatty acid / albumin ratio is located,- 4 navigation holes (9) used for locating interferences and- a port (10) for detaching, adding, or removing test strips and pads.

2. The heart attack rapid diagnostic kit according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a sample pad (2), membrane strip (3), reaction pad (4), test pad (5), and absorption pad (6) with a thickness of less than 300pm.

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