Vacuum lifting apparatus and components therefor

Abstract

A vacuum tank dipper apparatus for an excavator, the vacuum tank dipper comprising: a hollow dipper body having spaced apart walls and at least one void inside the walls, the hollow dipper body comprising a sealable vacuum storage tank for storing vacuum pressure in the one or more voids; and at least one vacuum shoe operatively mounted on the hollow dipper body and in selectable fluid communication with vacuum suction pressure from the hollow dipper body to allow the at least one shoe to lift object(s) using vacuum suction pressure.

Description

VACUUM LIFTING AND COMPONENTS THEREFOR This document claims priority to Australian patent application nos.2024903218 filed on 4 October 2024 and 2025902880 filed on 8 July 2025, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a vacuum lifting apparatus and system. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a vacuum lifting apparatus and system for use with a hydraulic machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] A vacuum lifter is a device that uses a suction head to attach to an item to lift and / or move the item.

[0003] Typically, vacuum lifters utilise a vacuum pump to generate a vacuum pressure in a lift tube. A suction head located at an end of the lift tube is placed on an item to be lifted, and the vacuum pressure generated by the vacuum pump is utilised to lift and move heavy items without causing damage to the items.

[0004] Vacuum lifters are used in the construction industry to lift items, such as those fabricated from concrete, stone or glass. The lifters enable heavy loads to be lifted without requiring eyes or straps or other attachments to secure the load to the lifter, reducing personnel requirements at high-risk zones such as on a construction site.

[0005] Vacuum lifters have been used with heavy vehicles, such as excavators and the like. In these situations, a vacuum pump can be mounted to the rear of the vehicle. The suction head, having one or more feet with rubber perimeter seals, is connected to the end of the dipper arm or boom of an excavator. The foot and seals are placed on a top surface of the item to be lifted. The vacuum pump then generates a vacuum inside the foot and seals, which allows the lifting device to lift the object; the vehicle then moves the object.

[0006] Vacuum pump and tanks are typically located at the rear of the vehicle to avoid having heavier components of the system located at the lifting end which would reduce the weight of the load the system can lift. While placement of the vacuum tank and pump at the rear of the vehicle has the benefit of acting as a counterweight so that heavier weights canbe lifted, locating vacuum pumps at the of the vehicle (and therefore spaced apart from the lifting device) means that the vacuum pump needs to generate more vacuum suction pressure at the lifting device. It also takes time to transmit the vacuum pressure along the lines to the feet.

[0007] In addition, locating the vacuum pump at the rear of the vehicle makes it susceptible to damage, such as through a collision with another vehicle, or an object on a construction site. In these situations, if the vacuum pump ceases to work, vacuum pressure will be lost, and the object being lifted will be dropped. This has the potential to cause damage to the object or vehicle, as well as posing the potential for injury to nearby workers.

[0008] The known equipment is cumbersome, bulky and heavy. Some known vacuum heads are too big for mounting on smaller machinery, and run the risk of toppling the smaller excavation machines. Moreover, some known equipment takes too long to fill the vacuum shoe with negative pressure. Running vacuum pressure from tanks in the rear of the machine takes too long to get vacuum pressure along pneumatic lines to the shoes. There are some known tanks closer, but they are, as mentioned, too heavy and mounted too far forward to keep a smaller machine stably planted. In any event, known systems reduce lifting capacity and productivity.

[0009] It is to be understood that, if a prior art device or publication is referred to in this specification, this reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms part of the common general knowledge in the art in Australia or in any other country. SUMMARY OF DISCLOSURE

[0010] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a vacuum lifting apparatus and system, which may at least partially address one or more of the problems or deficiencies mentioned above or which may provide the public with a useful or commercial choice.

[0011] In accordance with a first aspect, the present disclosure broadly provides a vacuum tank dipper apparatus for a vehicle such as an excavator, the vacuum tank dipper comprising: a hollow dipper body having spaced apart walls and at least one void inside the walls, the hollow dipper body including a sealable vacuum storage tank for storing vacuum pressure in the one or more voids; at least one vacuum shoe operatively mounted on the hollow dipper body and in selectable fluid communication with vacuum suction pressure from the hollow dipperbody to allow the at least one shoe to lift (s) using vacuum suction pressure.

[0012] In an embodiment, the vacuum tank dipper apparatus further comprises: a dipper-boom coupling portion configured to pivotally couple a proximal end of the vacuum tank dipper to a boom; a dipper-shoe coupling portion configured to operatively couple the distal end of the vacuum tank dipper to the at least one vacuum shoe.

[0013] In accordance with a second aspect, the present disclosure broadly provides a vacuum tank boom apparatus for a vehicle such as an excavator, the vacuum tank boom comprising: a hollow boom body having spaced apart walls and at least one void inside the walls, the hollow boom body comprising a sealable vacuum storage tank for storing vacuum pressure in the one or more voids; at least one vacuum shoe operatively mounted on the hollow boom body and in selectable fluid communication with vacuum suction pressure from the hollow boom body to allow the at least one shoe to lift object(s) using vacuum suction pressure.

[0014] In an embodiment, the vacuum tank boom apparatus further comprises: a boom-vehicle coupling portion configured to pivotally couple a proximal end of the vacuum tank boom to a vehicle; a boom-dipper or boom-shoe coupling portion configured to operatively couple the distal end of the vacuum tank boom to a dipper or the at least one vacuum shoe.

[0015] In an embodiment, the apparatus further comprises: at least one inlet configured to draw air from the or each vacuum shoe; at least one outlet configured to connect to a vacuum source to allow air to be extracted from the one or more voids.

[0016] In an embodiment, the apparatus further comprises one or more valves mounted on the inlet to allow air to enter the vacuum storage tank and operable to inhibit the flow of air to the at least one vacuum shoe. The one or more valves may be check valves.

[0017] The at least one vacuum shoe may be mounted on the end of the hollow boom body or the hollow dipper body.

[0018] The vacuum shoe may comprise one or more apertures in fluid communication with the vacuum storage tank, the shoe further comprising a sole having aseal configured to contact the object(s) to lifted.

[0019] In an embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise a turntable, wherein the turntable is located within the dipper-shoe coupling portion or boom-shoe coupling portion and is configured to rotate the vacuum shoe relative to the dipper or boom.

[0020] In an embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise one or more further valves associated with the at least one vacuum shoe, wherein the one or more further valves control the flow of vacuum suction to the at least one vacuum shoe.

[0021] In an embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise one or more pressure sensors, wherein the pressure sensors monitor the pressure at the at least one vacuum shoe. The pressure sensor may monitor the pressure at the sole of the at least one vacuum shoe.

[0022] In an embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise a spreader bar operatively connected to the dipper or boom, the spreader bar comprising a vacuum storage tank.

[0023] In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided an excavator-style mobile vacuum lifting machine, the vacuum lifting machine comprising a vehicle with a ground engaging drive, and a vacuum tank dipper according to a first aspect of the invention or a vacuum tank boom according to a second aspect of the invention. In other embodiments, the excavator-style mobile vacuum lifting machine comprises a vehicle with a ground engaging drive, a vacuum tank dipper according to a first aspect of the invention and a vacuum tank boom according to a second aspect of the invention,

[0024] In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a vacuum lifting system comprising: a vacuum pump assembly comprising a vacuum pump and configured to be mounted to a vehicle; a vacuum lifting apparatus for a vehicle such as an excavator in fluid communication with the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum lifting apparatus comprising a vacuum tank dipper according to the first aspect of the invention; a system controller located in the cabin of the vehicle, the system controller in electronic communication with one or more sensors associated with one or more of the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum tank dipper, and / or the vacuum shoe, wherein the system controller allows an operator to monitor and control theoperations of the vacuum lifting system.

[0025] In a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a vacuum lifting system comprising: a vacuum pump assembly comprising a vacuum pump and configured to be mounted to a vehicle; a vacuum lifting apparatus for a vehicle such as an excavator in fluid communication with the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum lifting apparatus comprising a vacuum tank boom according to the second aspect of the invention; a system controller located in the cabin of the vehicle, the system controller in electronic communication with one or more sensors associated with one or more of the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum tank boom, and / or the vacuum shoe, wherein the system controller allows an operator to monitor and control the operations of the vacuum lifting system.

[0026] In an embodiment, the system further comprises an alarm which indicates a fault in a vacuum lift, and wherein manual override of the fault alarm is required by the operator.

[0027] In an embodiment, the system further comprises a lift counter feature to count the number of lifts.

[0028] In an embodiment, the system further comprises a proximity alarm which activates if the vacuum shoe is rotating towards the vehicle.

[0029] Advantageously, integration of a vacuum tank with the lifting apparatus, preferably in combination with a non-return valve arrangement can assist in maintaining vacuum pressure within the system in the event of pump failure or damage. The arrangement may further preserve vacuum pressure in the event of a breach in the vacuum line, thereby mitigating the risk of unintended release of a lifted object. Incorporating the vacuum tank directly into the dipper or boom reduces the overall internal volume of the system, thereby limiting pressure rebound effects. In mechanical terms, this may be analogised to a gear train, wherein systems with fewer stages exhibit reduced angular loss under sudden reversal, compared to those with a greater number of intermeshed gears.

[0030] Advantageously, locating the vacuum tank in close proximity to the vacuum shoe enables rapid transmission of vacuum pressure to the shoe due to the reducedtravel distance. This facilitates a faster time during standard operation, such that the operator need only wait a matter of for the vacuum shoe to form a complete seal against the top surface of an item and become ready for lifting.

[0031] In embodiments, therefore, use of a vacuum storage tank disposed closer to the shoe in the vacuum lifting apparatus can improve safety and increase productivity when moving things around a site.

[0032] In addition, having a vacuum storage tank in the vacuum lifting device may enable the lifting device to be used in combination with a vehicle having a smaller vacuum pump. Further, forming the vacuum storage tank from a void in the body of the lifting device rather than attaching an external tank to the lifting device may reduce the risk of damage to the tank from accidental contact with the objects to be lifted or the vehicle.

[0033] An excavator is a tracked or wheeled earthmoving machine comprising a rotatable platform (house) that supports an operator cab, an engine, and hydraulic systems, and further includes a working implement mounted to a boom or dipper for performing excavation, lifting, and material handling operations. The house is rotatably mounted on an undercarriage to allow 360-degree movement, enabling the excavator to dig, load, and position material with precision across a worksite. While the vacuum tank dipper apparatus is described as for use with an excavator, it should be understood that the vehicle need not be suitable for excavating and other tracked or wheeled devices are in spirit and scope. Any reference to excavator herein is not limiting to excavation machines and should be read as such.

[0034] An excavator (or other similar vehicle) usually includes a boom pivotally connected to the machine body and configured to provide lifting and lowering movement. A dipper (or stick) can be pivotally mounted to the boom and can be operable to extend or retract relative to the machine body. The dipper usually supports a working implement such as a bucket, and cooperative movement of the boom and dipper enables controlled digging, lifting, and placement operations. In the present invention, the working implement is a vacuum shoe which can be connected to the end of the dipper arm. In some embodiments, the vacuum shoe is at the end of the boom.

[0035] The dipper or boom may be of any suitable length, depending on the type and size of the vehicle. For example, small vehicles such as wheeled excavators (commonly referred to as “ducks”) may employ a dipper and boom approximately 3 metres in length, whereas larger tracked excavators may utilise dippers and booms measuring 4, 5, 6 or 7metres. The internal volume of the vacuum tank may accordingly vary with the length and cross-sectional dimensions of dipper or boom, allowing for scalability of vacuum storage capacity across different machine classes.

[0036] There may be a vacuum lifting attachment attached to the end of the dipper arm. The vacuum lifting attachment may be a tube lifter or a spreader bar with one or more shoes attached to the spreader bar. Advantageously, locating a vacuum tank in the dipper arm or boom provides a reserve of negative air pressure to the contact region of the tube lifter or vacuum shoes. Further, locating the vacuum tank in the dipper arm or boom enables the vacuum lifting apparatus to be used with tube lifters, single shoes, or shorter spreader bars. Locating the vacuum tank in the dipper arm or boom may dispense with the need for a spreader bar altogether. A practical benefit of dispensing with the need for a spreader bar is the reduction of weight at the lifting end, the reduction in weight is a benefit to the host machine, increasing the Safe Working Load (SWL) of the host machine by the amount of weight of the spreader bar. Another benefit is that an existing component of the excavator may be used without having to manufacture an additional component (e.g. a spreader bar). Dispensing with the spreader bar may improve visibility from the machine cab for the operator.

[0037] There may be a spreader bar attached to the end of the dipper or boom, and the shoes may be attached to the spreader bar.

[0038] The spreader bar may include its own integrated vacuum tank, similar in structure to that of the dipper or boom. The spreader bar body may be of any suitable form sufficient to support the at least one shoe and control the supply of vacuum suction to the at least one sole.

[0039] The spreader bar may be of any suitable length, and it will be understood that the length of the spreader bar may be at least partially determined by the object that the vacuum lifting apparatus is intended to lift. For instance, for relatively small objects, the bar may be relatively short, while for relatively long objects (such as pipes and the like), the bar may be relatively long. In this way, the at least one sole may contact the object along a relatively high proportion of the length of the object.

[0040] In one or all embodiments of the disclosure, the spreader bar may be adjustable. More specifically, the length of the spreader bar may be adjustable. In this embodiment, the length of the spreader bar may be adjusted depending on the size and nature of the object to be lifted. The length of the spreader bar may be adjusted using any suitabletechnique. For instance, one or more bolt- extension members may be connected to the body to increase the length thereof. In this the spreader bar and the extension members are not configured for movement relative to one another. Alternatively, the spreader bar may be provided with one or more extension members that are configured for movement relative to the remainder of the spreader bar. The movement of the extension members relative to the spreader bar may be of any suitable form, such as sliding movement, telescoping movement, ratcheting movement, hinged movement, pivoting movement or the like, or any suitable combination thereof. Generally, where the length of the spreader bar is to be adjusted, it is envisaged that the extension members are added to the spreader bar symmetrically so that the centre of gravity of the spreader bar is retained proximate the coupling portion.

[0041] The spreader bar can have a vacuum storage tank connected thereto. The spreader bar can have a vacuum storage tank located inside it. The vacuum storage tank can be used as a source of negative pressure for the lifter. The vacuum storage tank may be provided as a vessel that is located external to the spreader bar. In this embodiment, it is envisaged that the vacuum storage tank may be configured for connection to the spreader bar, and the vacuum storage tank is in fluid communication with the at least one sole.

[0042] The integrated dipper or boom vacuum storage tank may be of any suitable size, or configuration. However, in an embodiment of the disclosure, the vacuum storage tank is configured to provide additional vacuum storage (additional to that which could be provided by the vacuum pump) at or adjacent the one or more shoes. In this way, the suction at the point of contact between the at least one sole and the item to be lifted may be more rapidly applied. This may be due to the relative proximity of the vacuum storage tank to the object to be lifted.

[0043] The vacuum storage tank is associated with the dipper or boom. In an embodiment the vacuum storage tank is outside of the dipper or boom. Preferably, the vacuum storage tank is located within the dipper or boom (or both the dipper and the boom). The vacuum storage tank may be provided as a vessel located within the dipper or boom. The vacuum storage tank may be formed from the dipper or boom. In one or all embodiments, the vacuum storage tank may be formed from a cavity or void within the dipper or boom. In this embodiment, the dipper or boom may be reinforced to enable the cavity of the dipper or boom to function as a tank for storing a vacuum. The dipper or boom, and thus the vacuum storage tank, is fabricated from materials and welding consumables to meet recommendations for pressure vessel construction and is engineered andfabricated to comply with standards such the Australian standard AS / NZS 3992 :1998 Pressure Welding and Brazing, the Society of Mechanical Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (ASME BPVC), or contemporary or equivalent standards. In an embodiment there can be a vacuum storage tank in the dipper and in the boom.

[0044] The vacuum storage tank may be of any suitable size, shape and configuration. Generally, the size, shape and configuration of the vacuum storage tank is sufficient to fit within the dipper and or boom and maintain sufficient pressure to the soles attached to the item to be lifted.

[0045] A tank designed to hold a vacuum must be built to resist external atmospheric pressure pushing inward, with the primary danger being sudden buckling or collapse. This requires attention to geometry and sometimes the use of stiffeners or thicker walls to prevent elastic instability. The material from which the tank is formed should provide adequate stiffness, not just strength, since even small deformations could trigger failure.

[0046] There may be more than one vacuum storage tank in the dipper or boom.

[0047] The coupling portion may be of any suitable form. It is envisaged that the coupling portion may be configured to couple the lifting apparatus to any suitable portion of the vehicle. For instance, the coupling portion may be configured to couple the dipper to a boom or the vehicle itself. In this embodiment, it is envisaged that the vehicle may comprise an excavator or duck or like vehicle having tracks or wheels.

[0048] In one or all embodiments of the disclosure, the coupling portion may be configured to couple with a complementary coupling portion located on the vehicle.

[0049] The inlets and outlets may include an aperture, screw thread, snap fitting, twist fitting, hydraulic coupler or the like. Preferably, a fluid connector between the inlets and outlets and the vehicle are airtight, so that no or negligible fluid leakage between the connectors and the atmosphere may occur in order to maintain a sub-atmospheric pressure at the at least one sole.

[0050] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the dipper or boom may be configured for movement relative to a vehicle. The vehicle can be used for transport. The vehicle can be stationery and immovable. The dipper or boom itself may be configured for any suitable movement relative to the vehicle. In an embodiment of the disclosure, the dipper or boom may be configured for pivoting relative to the vehicle. In this embodiment, it is envisaged that the coupling portion may include a turntable or the like. In this way, the orientation ofthe item may be adjusted once lifted so object may be placed in a desired position.

[0051] The dipper or boom includes one or more valves. In particular, the dipper or boom may include one or more non-return or check valves. The non-return valve allows a vacuum to be generated in the vacuum storage tank located in the body of the vacuum lifting apparatus, but prevents vacuum pressure loss towards the vacuum pump. Thus, in this embodiment, it is envisaged that, even if a loss of vacuum occurs between the vacuum pump and the connector, loss of vacuum from the vacuum storage tank in the body is prevented, maintaining the suction force between the at least one sole and the item to be lifted.

[0052] The one or more valves can be integrated into any suitable portion of the pressurised path between the vacuum pump and the sole. The one or more valves can be provided, for example, in a vacuum connection between the dipper or boom of a vehicle and the lifting apparatus, at the inlet of the vacuum storage tank, and / or in a vacuum supply line or conduit to the vacuum storage tank. Generally, the one or more valves may be associated with the vacuum storage tank in an arrangement that allows vacuum to enter the vacuum storage tank while preventing the reverse flow of vacuum. In one or all embodiments, the one or more valves may be provided in a vacuum connection located in the coupling portion and / or at the inlet of the vacuum storage tank.

[0053] In embodiments where the coupling portion comprises a turntable, it is envisaged that the one or more valves are mounted such that valves do not move relative to the body of the vacuum lifting apparatus. The valves may be mounted in a valve mount. In use, the valve mount facilitates the passage of vacuum to and through the turntable, body and secondary vacuum tank. In one or all embodiments, the valve mount is received within the turntable such that the turntable and the valve mount operate as a unit.

[0054] The at least one sole may be of any suitable form. For instance, the at least one sole may comprise a surface (such as a lower surface) of the dipper. In this embodiment, the at least one sole may be provided with one or more apertures therein, such that a sub-atmospheric pressure generated at the at least one sole may provide a suction force. In this way, when the at least one sole is brought into contact with the item to be lifted, the item may be retained on the at least one sole through the suction force, allowing the item to be lifted and moved.

[0055] The at least one shoe may be in fluid communication with the integrated vacuum dipper tank. For example, the shoe may be in fluid communication with the vacuum dippertank via one or more conduits extending the dipper and into the sole. The tank may be provided with one or more valves. The one or more valves can be provided, for example, at the outlet of the vacuum storage tank, in a vacuum supply line or conduit to the shoe, and / or in conduits associated with the apertures in the shoe. In use, it is envisaged the one or more valves may control the flow of vacuum and / or equalise the pressure to the at least one shoe.

[0056] In one or all embodiments of the disclosure, one or more shoes may extend from the surface of the dipper, preferably extending downwardly from the body. The shoes may be attached to the body by an attachment portion, such as a lift point plate. The shoes may be movable relative to the dipper or boom or may be fixedly connected thereto. In embodiments where the shoes may be movable relative to the dipper or boom, the shoes may have at least one degree of freedom of movement. The shoes may be releasably lockable in a selected orientation.

[0057] In embodiments where there are two or more shoes, they are centred across the dipper to provide an optimal lifting position. In embodiments where there are two or more shoes, the shoes are configured to operate cooperatively. In embodiments where the dipper or boom is provided with extension members, the shoes may be re-centred across the extended body of the dipper or boom to provide an optimal lifting position. The shoes may be connected to the dipper or the boom and / or the extension members.

[0058] In this embodiment of the disclosure, it is envisaged that the at least one sole may be located on the shoes. Thus, the at least one sole may be located directly on the surface of the dipper or boom, or may be associated therewith via one or more intermediate members, such as the shoes).

[0059] The one or more shoes may be in fluid communication with the integrated vacuum dipper tank. For example, the one or more shoes may be in fluid communication with the vacuum dipper tank via one or more conduits extending through the dipper and into the one or more shoes. The pressure generated by the system may be equalised across the shoes such that the lifting force provided by each shoe is the same. For example, a valve may be located at an outlet of the vacuum dipper tank which controls vacuum to the one or more shoes.

[0060] In one or all embodiments, the one or more shoes and / or the at least one sole may be provided with a shape that is complementary to the item to be lifted.

[0061] The shoe can be flat, to fasten and lift a block of concrete, say. It is known to lift prefabricated blocks of airport runway construction. Even these may be vacuum fastened and lifted by the shoes of the present disclosure because the shoes have a perimeter sole seal of a rubber compound that is about 25mm thick and 75mm wide. This rubber compound can flex and fill even quite deep grooves that can be found on runway surfaces and lift those blocks with alacrity.

[0062] The shoe shape may be of any suitable form, although it is envisaged that the complementary shape of the one or more shoes and / or the at least one sole may assist in improving the seal between the item and the one or more shoes and / or the at least one sole. For instance, in embodiments of the disclosure in which the item to be lifted comprises a pipe, the one or more shoe and / or the at least one sole may be provided with a concave shape configured to be located in abutment with the convex outer surface of the pipe.

[0063] In one or all embodiments, the one or more shoes may be a vacuum shoe. In embodiments, an airtight seal is made by installing a special rubber seal which is secured to the shoes by using a recessed channel, wherein the arrangement enables the shoes to grip and lift the object.

[0064] It is envisaged that the one or more shoes may be configured for removable connection to the dipper or boom. Thus, the one or more shoes may be removed from the dipper and replaced with shoes having a different configuration depending on the item to be lifted.

[0065] The one or more shoes may be provided with one or more guide members. The guide members may be of any suitable form, although in an embodiment of the disclosure it is envisaged that the guide members may be provided to assist in correctly aligning the one or more shoes with the item to be lifted before a seal is formed between the item and the shoes. The guide members may be of any suitable form, although in an embodiment of the disclosure, the guide members may include biasing members (such as springs or the like). In this embodiment, the natural bias of the biasing members may be required to be overcome before the shoes are able to form a seal against the item.

[0066] The system may have a controller. The system controller may be located inside the cabin of the vehicle. The system controller can be in electronic communication with one or more components of the lifting system such as the vacuum pump assembly, the integrated vacuum tank dipper (or boom), the vacuum shoe, etc. The system controller can be in electronic communication with one or more sensors associated with one or morecomponents of the lifting system. The controller can wirelessly (e.g. via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth) exchange signals with the system or be hard wired to the lifting system. The system may be hard wired to the lifting system.

[0067] The system controller can comprise a transmission module for communication with an external control system or a cloud-based system that allows remote monitoring and control. The system controller may communicate data with a user device via satellite, cellular, IoT connectivity., e.g. via radiofrequency communications.

[0068] The system controller may allow an operator to monitor and control the operations of the lifting system, such as latch or release vacuum from the shoes, turn off alarms, view recorded data, and the like. The operations of the vacuum lifting apparatus may be controlled by contacting electronic buttons on a touch screen in electronic communication with the controller, by manipulating toggles on an excavator joystick, or the like.

[0069] The system controller may include be a display screen, such as a touch screen. The display screen may present one or more visual indicators of the system status such as gauges, digital readouts, warning lights or symbols, progress bars or other charts, and the like. Any suitable information may be displayed. For example, information such as the vacuum tank pressure and vacuum shoe pressure, the pitch and roll angle of the spreader bar and / or the shoes and thereby the object being lifted, vacuum pump performance, the vacuum latch / release of the shoes, and other measurements taken during lifting operations may be displayed. The display may be customisable to the lifting system and / or vehicle. For example, for a lifting system with two shoes there may be provided two gauges (e.g. left and right shoes) displaying the pressure at each shoe.

[0070] Advantageously, locating the system controller inside the cabin of the vehicle may provide the operator with real-time information and control to ensure safe and efficient lifts. An in-cabin system controller may reduce the need for the operator to leave the cabin of the vehicle to inspect gauges and displays which are physically located on the lifting system or may be located at the rear of the vehicle. The time taken to respond to a fault alarm may be improved as the controls are at the fingertips of the operator. Further, an in- cabin controller does not require the operator to read gauges or digital readouts located on the lifting system through the windows of the cabin, which may be difficult to see in strong light or when dirty. An in-cabin controller avoids the risk of the operator dropping a remote control (used to control the lift system) during operations or accidentally activating theremote control by sitting on it when it is in pocket.

[0071] In some embodiments, the system may include a lift count feature configured to track the number of lifting operations performed. Monitoring the number of lifts can provide an indication of vacuum usage over time, which may assist the operator or system controller in determining when vacuum levels may be approaching a threshold requiring recharge or inspection. This feature may enhance operational safety by prompting maintenance or intervention before vacuum pressure drops below effective lifting capacity.

[0072] In one or all embodiments, the system may include a sensor configured to monitor the position of the item relative to a vehicle. The sensor may be of any suitable form, such as, but not limited to, a rotation sensor (e.g. an inclinometer), proximity sensor or the like, or a combination thereof. It is envisaged that a proximity or motion sensor may be configured to detect when the item is moved to within a predetermined distance from the vehicle. Upon detecting that the item is within the predetermined distance of the vehicle, the proximity sensor may generate an alarm to alert an operator of the vehicle. A proximity alarm may be activated when a rotation sensor indicates the rotation of the object is moving the object (and spreader bar or vacuum shoe) towards the vehicle.

[0073] The alarm may be of any suitable form, and may include an audible alarm, visual alarm (such as a flashing light, coloured light or the like) and so on. The alarm may be generated at the vacuum lifting apparatus or may be displayed within the cab of the vehicle in which the operator is located.

[0074] The vacuum lifting apparatus may further comprise one or more pressure sensors. The pressure sensors may be of any suitable form, such as, but not limited to, one or more pressure transducers. The pressure sensors may be configured to monitor any suitable pressure within the lifter. Preferably, however, the one or more pressure sensors may be configured to monitor the pressure at the at least one sole. It is envisaged that, if the pressure at the at least one sole varies from a predetermined value (or predetermined range of values) the system may automatically adjust the pressure. Alternatively, the pressure values measured by the pressure sensors may be displayed to the operator within the cabin of a vehicle, and the operator may manually adjust the pressure.

[0075] It is envisaged that the system controller may measure and store any suitable data, such as logging the number of lifts performed by the vacuum lifting apparatus. Further, data such as oil level, oil temperature and / or pump speed may be displayed to the operatorwithin the cabin. Advantageously, oil levels etc. to the operator within the cabin reduces the need for the operator to check the vacuum pump assembly. The system may be configured to maintain a record of all lifts, including the number of lifts and pre-start checks, enabling the data to be interrogated in the event of any requirement to investigate system performance. The recorded data may be viewed remotely from the controller, or may be viewed on the display screen.

[0076] The system controller can be used to monitor system parameters by receiving output from devices such as inclinometers, rotation sensors, proximity or motion sensors, pressure gauges, pump speed, pressure sensors, image sensors associated with the lifting system. The sensors may supply signals to the controller. The controller may respond to the signal by issuing an alert to the operator, or initiating corrective actions.

[0077] The system controller can be used to monitor operator actions during operation of the vehicle. For example, the system may be configured to record any manual override of alerts by the operator, such as the system may record the time between when a lift fault alarm was triggered by the system and when it was acknowledged by the operator to determine if the operator had manually overridden (ignored) the alert, or had stopped to inspect the shoe.

[0078] The recorded data may be stored in a memory of the system controller, in the cloud, or the like. This storage and collection of data may provide “black box” capability for the system. The system may transmit recorded data by wired or wireless communication. For example, the system may be able to transmit recorded data from a work site to a remote location via wireless communication, the wireless communication may be in near real-time.

[0079] The vacuum lifter is designed to be used with a vacuum pump assembly, such as a vacuum pump and associated vacuum storage tank, wherein actuation of the vacuum pump generates a region of sub-atmospheric pressure in the integrated dipper vacuum tank and at the at least one sole.

[0080] It is envisaged that a vacuum pump assembly may be located on the vehicle. In embodiments in which a vacuum pump assembly is mounted to the vehicle, it may be that the only tank is the integrated dipper vacuum tank, but it could be that another vacuum storage tank may be located at or adjacent the location of the vacuum pump. The second vacuum storage tank may comprise a tank, reservoir or the like.

[0081] The vacuum pump assembly may be configured to generate the sub-atmospheric pressure at the at least one The vacuum pump may be adjacent the storage tank which is placed under pressure generated by the pump. The vacuum tank provides a quickly accessible source of negative air pressure for the lifting apparatus.

[0082] In this embodiment, the tank associated with the vacuum pump would be a primary vacuum storage tank and the tank associated with the lifting apparatus would be a secondary vacuum storage tank. In this embodiment, the generated air vacuum would be distributed from the primary vacuum storage tank to the secondary vacuum storage tank by means of one or more pneumatic lines.

[0083] Advantageously, providing a system having two vacuum storage tanks results in an “at command vacuum” enabling more rapid delivery of vacuum air pressure from the primary tank and therefore lift, and a reservoir of negative air pressure from the secondary tank which reduces time required for taking normal lifts, and also for protective measures for a safer system.

[0084] The secondary vacuum storage tank (the tank for storing a vacuum in the lifting apparatus) may be the same size, shape and configuration as the primary vacuum storage tank, or may be different.

[0085] In one or all embodiments, the vacuum lifting apparatus may be used with a vehicle without a pump generating continuous vacuum.

[0086] The vacuum pump assembly may be fixed to the vehicle, or to a component associated with the vehicle, by a fixing arrangement. The fixing arrangement may be used to fix the vacuum pump assembly to a counterweight associated with the vehicle. The fixing arrangement may secure the vacuum pump assembly to a lifting eye on the counterweight. Advantageously, connecting the assembly to the counterweight by the fixing arrangement avoids the traditional means of fixing, which would usually involve more intrusive methods typically involving drilling, welding and cutting and bolting.

[0087] The fixing arrangement may comprise a mounting plate configured for mounting the vacuum pump assembly thereon and one or more connection portions configured for connection to a lifting eye of the counterweight.

[0088] The connection portions may be configured for removable connection to the lifting eye. Any suitable connection portion may be used, such as a lifting clutch, bolt, clamp, hook, or any suitable attachment means. The connection portions may comprise a bolt or similar elongate portion, configured to be disposed through an aperture in the lifting eye andlocked to prevent the connection portion inadvertently removed from the lifting eye.

[0089] Any of the features described herein can be combined in any combination with any one or more of the other features described herein within the scope of the disclosure.

[0090] The reference to any prior art in this specification is not and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that the prior art forms part of the common general knowledge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0091] Preferred features, embodiments and variations of the disclosure may be discerned from the following Detailed Description which provides sufficient information for those skilled in the art to perform the disclosure. The Detailed Description is not to be regarded as limiting the scope of the preceding Summary of Disclosure in any way. The Detailed Description will make reference to a number of drawings as follows:

[0092] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a dipper of an excavator-style or duck-style mobile vacuum lifter having an integrated vacuum tank;

[0093] Figure 2 is a side elevation view of the integrated vacuum tank dipper shown in Figure 1;

[0094] Figure 3 is a rear elevation view of the integrated vacuum tank dipper shown in Figures 1 and 2;

[0095] Figure 4A is an isometric schematic view of an excavator-style duck which is a mobile vacuum lifter (with wheels / tracks, boom and dipper removed for clarity), showing the general layout and location of a cab, and primary vacuum pump and tank in relation thereto. Figure 4B is a plan view of the duck without wheels, boom and dipper of Figure 4A, showing the location of the vacuum tank and pump (in area A). Figure 4C is a side elevation view of the duck of Figures 4 and 5 without wheels, boom and dipper, showing the location of filter and oil check panel.

[0096] Figure 5 illustrates a vacuum lifting system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure coupled to a vehicle;

[0097] Figure 6 illustrates a detailed view of lifting components of the vacuum lifting apparatus of Figure 5;

[0098] Figure 7 illustrates a detailed of the lifting components of Figure 5 showing the location of sensors the lifting components of the system. Figure 7A illustrates a front view of the lifting components. Figure 7B illustrates a side cross-sectional view of the lifting components illustrated in Figure 7A taken along the lines A-A;

[0099] Figure 8 illustrates an exploded view of a vacuum lifting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0100] Figure 9 illustrates a vacuum lifting system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure coupled to a vehicle;

[0101] Figure 10 illustrates a spreader bar with extension members for use with a vacuum lifting apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0102] Figure 11 illustrates a non-return valve for use with a vacuum lifting apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0103] Figure 12 illustrates a fixing arrangement for fixing a vacuum pump and tank assembly to a vehicle according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0104] Figure 13 illustrates a guide member for use with a shoe according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0105] Figure 14 illustrates example dashboard features of a controller according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0106] Figure 15 illustrates example dashboard features of a controller according to another embodiment of the disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0107] Referring to the drawings, there are shown parts and general arrangements (in particular, Figure 5 and Figure 8) of a mobile vacuum lifter vehicle 200, 300, with a vacuum tank integrated with a boom 35 and / or dipper 36, 136.

[0108] The dipper 136 with integrated vacuum tank for fitment on an excavator or vacuum lifter vehicle 30, 130 is shown in detail in Figures 1, 2 and 3. The dipper 136 is constructed from steel, and has a hollow dipper body 1000 having spaced apart side walls 133, 135, and spaced apart top and bottom walls 137, 138 and at least one void 139inside the walls. The side walls 133, 135 constructed from about 6mm steel plate, and the top and bottom walls 137, 138 are from about 10mm plate. The dipper 136 is about 3m long. The walls 133, 135 are spaced apart by about 275mm. These dimensions provide a tank volume of about 195 litres.

[0109] The hollow dipper body 1000 is in the form of a pressure vessel such that it includes an integrated sealed vacuum storage tank for storing vacuum pressure in the one or more voids 139. There may be various voids 139 in the dipper 136 to make up the 195 litres, and each void may be served by its own inlet 115 and outlet 116. As shown, though, there is one void 139, (although it may have strengthening or other gussets and baffling inside) and that void 139 is served by one inlet 115 configured to draw air from the vacuum shoe 120. The inlet 115 has a vacuum control valve 117 mounted nearby downstream to allow air to enter the dipper tank void 139 from the shoe 120, while preventing the reverse flow of air into the shoe 120. A vent filter 118 is fitted to the vacuum control valve 117 to prevent dust, particles or other debris from entering the dipper tank void 139 (and subsequently into the vacuum pump). An air line filter 119 removes dust, particles or other debris from the compressed air supply used to equalise pressure and allow for controlled release of the vacuum seal. The void 139 is also served by one outlet 116 configured to connect to a vacuum source (a vacuum pump) 32,132 and tank 134 to allow air to be extracted from the void 139.

[0110] The vacuum pressure is for fastening a shoe or pad 120 to a top face of an item to be lifted and moved. The shoe 120 is shown as being curved for connection to a pipe, but the shoe can be flat to attach to a cuboid block, say, of concrete.

[0111] To actually lift things and move them around once they are fastened to the shoe 120, there is a dipper-boom coupling portion 113 at a proximal end 190 of the dipper body 36, 136, the coupling portion 113 configured to pivotally couple the dipper 36, 136 to a boom 35 of the mobile vacuum lifter 300. The dipper body 136 can be coupled by dipper-boom coupling portion 113 about mounting point 194. The dipper 136 clearly enough contributes to an articulating movement when coupled with the boom 35. There is a dipper-shoe coupling portion 112 configured to operatively couple the distal end 192 of the dipper body 36, 136 to the vacuum shoe 120 or to a spreader bar 110. The dipper body 136 can be coupled to the dipper-shoe coupling portion 112 about one or more mounting points 196 to provide the desired articulating movement. The dipper may be operatively coupled to the dipper-shoe coupling portion 112 via a quick hitch 198 of the vehicle.

[0112] There may be at least one shoe or pad 120 mounted on the end of the boom 35 or the dipper 36, 136.

[0113] The shoe 120 may include one or more apertures in fluid communication with the integrated vacuum dipper tank 136, 36, the shoe 120 further including a sole 22 having a seal configured to contact an object to be lifted.

[0114] Figures 4A-4C show schematic views of a smaller duck-style lifting vehicle 300, on which this integrated dipper and / or boom is particularly useful, because the integrated tank arrangements, being lighter, will allow the duck to perform better with lighter cantilevered loads in front of the cab.

[0115] Figure 5 illustrates a vacuum lifting system for a mobile vacuum lifter 300. The mobile vacuum lifter comprises vehicle 130 having a boom 35 and dipper arm 136 with integrated vacuum tank 1000. A quick hitch 198 associated with the dipper arm 136 is coupled to a vacuum shoe 120 via a dipper-shoe coupling portion 112.

[0116] The vacuum lifting system comprises a vacuum pump 132 mounted to a vehicle 130 and a primary vacuum storage tank 134 located adjacent the vacuum pump 132. The primary vacuum storage tank provides a source of negative air pressure for the lifting apparatus. A dipper 136 with integrated vacuum tank 1000 is coupled to the primary vacuum storage tank 134 and to shoe 120. The dipper vacuum tank 1000 acts as a reserve vacuum storage tank, providing a reservoir of negative air pressure for the shoe 120.

[0117] The system 300 comprises two vacuum storage tanks effectively working together. Vacuum suction is generated by a vacuum pump 132 located on the rear of the host machine 130 into the primary vacuum storage tank 134. All vacuum suction generated passes through the primary tank 134 and then passes through a pneumatic line attached to excavator boom 35 and dipper 136 and through a one-way valve arrangement into the secondary vacuum storage tank (200 L capacity) in the dipper 136. The integrated vacuum dipper tank 1000 may be in fluid communication with the one or more vacuum shoes 120 providing suction at the point of contact between the shoe and the object to be lifted. A pressure sensor 128 monitors the pressure at the shoe 120.

[0118] Advantageously, providing a system having two vacuum storage tanks results in an “at command vacuum” enabling more rapid delivery of vacuum air pressure from the primary tank and therefore lift, and a reservoir of negative air pressure from the secondarytank which reduces time required for lifts. In addition, in the event of failure of the pump or other loss of pressure, the tank and one-way valve arrangement may enable pressure to be maintained at the shoes, thereby preventing or at least reducing the chance that the objects being lifted will be dropped.

[0119] The vacuum pump 132 and primary vacuum storage tank 134 may be located at the rear of the vehicle 130, preferably in proximity to a counterweight associated with the vehicle.

[0120] Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a detailed view of the lifting components of the vacuum lifting apparatus of Figure 5 showing the location of sensors associated with the lifting components. The lifting components including the dipper-shoe coupling portion 112, rotator (turntable) 114 and vacuum shoe 120. The coupling portion 112 is non-rotatably connected to the dipper 136. The vacuum shoe 120 (and object being lifted) is rotatably connected to the coupling portion 112 via turntable 114.

[0121] A combination pressure transducer and gauge 128 are attached to the vacuum shoe to monitor the pressure at the shoe 120. The pressure sensor can communicate with the in-cabin controller to trigger a lift fault alarm if a poor seal is achieved or if the pressure at the shoe is outside of tolerances.

[0122] Sensors (indicated generally at 186) as well as valves and inlets (indicated generally at 188) can be located on the coupling portion 112 and / or the turntable 114. In Figures 5-7, the sensors, valves and inlets are located on a lower region of the turntable 114 in proximity to the vacuum shoe 120. In Figure 5, the sensors, valves and inlets are covered. In Figures 6 and 7, the cover is removed.

[0123] Sensors 186 can be located on the coupling portion 112 and / or turntable 114 in proximity to the vacuum shoe 120 and thereby the object being lifted. In Figure 6, an inclinometer 186A to monitor the pitch and roll angle of the vacuum shoe 120 (and the object) and a motion sensor 186B (such as a gyroscope) to detect when the vacuum shoe (and the object) is in proximity to the cabin are located on a lower region of the turntable 114 and in proximity to the shoe. A rotation sensor 186C associated with the turntable 114 can monitor the angle of rotation of the lifting components (and accordingly the angle of rotation of the object being lifted), triggering a proximity alarm if the object is moving towards the vehicle.

[0124] The lifting component has lights or indicators 156. The lights or indicators 156are located in a region of the lifting which is visible to an operator of the vehicle, such as on the coupling portion. The or indicators 156 may be associated with an alarm 158, providing visual and audible alerts to the operator (or nearby personnel).

[0125] The valves and inlets 188 connect the dipper arm vacuum storage to the vacuum shoe and enable an operator to equalise pressure at the vacuum shoe 120 and maintain vacuum pressure in the lifting apparatus if there is a loss of vacuum. In Figure 7B, the valves include a non-return valve or check valve 188A and a pressure transducer 188C associated with Schmalz valve 188B. In Figure 7B, an air inlet and a filter 188D remove dust, particles or other debris from a compressed air supply.

[0126] A transmitter associated with the sensors can communicate the data to a system controller. The data is recorded by the system controller and used by the operator to monitor the system status. An alarm can be triggered if the object being lifted is being over-rotated or is at risk of striking the cabin.

[0127] An in-cabin controller 142 having a display screen is illustrated in Figures 14 and 15. The controller 142 is visible to an operator in the cabin of the vehicle and may be at eye height or at an ergonomic level for the operator to contact during operations. In Figure 14, the controller 142 is arranged so that it displays a pressure gauge and digital readout for each of two vacuum shoes while in Figure 15, the lifting apparatus comprises a single vacuum shoe so only one pressure gauge and digital readout is displayed.

[0128] Information including the vacuum pressure at the shoe is displayed by a vacuum shoe pressure gauge and digital readout 143. Similarly, the operation of the vacuum pump and primary vacuum tank is displayed by a vacuum tank pressure gauge and digital display 145 and vacuum pump speed gauge 147. The position of the coupling portion is displayed on a digital read out 144 providing the pitch and roll of the lifting apparatus (and thereby the object being lifted). The operator can initiate pre-start checks of the system by pressing button 146. The operator can engage the joystick controller by pressing a pair of buttons 148 simultaneously.

[0129] Figure 8 illustrates an exploded view of a vacuum lifting apparatus 100 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The vacuum lifting apparatus comprises a body 10 having a vacuum storage tank (obscured) located therewithin. The body, and thus the vacuum storage tank, is fabricated from materials and welding consumables to meet recommendations for pressure vessel construction and to comply with relevant industry standards for pressurised vessels.

[0130] The vacuum lifting further comprises a coupling portion 12 associated with the body 10, in the form a spreader bar, and configured for coupling the vacuum lifting apparatus 100 to a vehicle (not shown in this Figure). The normal purpose of the body 10 is to control the travel of vacuum suction to the shoes 20 and to provide a structure from which to hang the shoes. The vacuum storage tank may be created using the void of the spreader bar 10 as the tank. Vacuum suction is made available from the vacuum storage tank to the shoes 20 which connect to the object to be lifted.

[0131] The coupling portion 12 comprises a turntable 14 which enables the vacuum lifting apparatus to be moveable relative to the vehicle. A valve mount 16 having a non- return valve 18 is configured for mounting within the turntable 14, such that the turntable and the valve mount are connected and operate as a unit. The valve mount 16 is provided in a vacuum connection located in the coupling portion and allows vacuum to enter the vacuum storage tank while preventing the reverse flow of vacuum.

[0132] The vacuum lifting apparatus 100 further comprises a pair of shoes 20, extending from a lower surface of the body 10 from an attachment portion 26, in the form of lift point plates, each of the shoes 20 including a sole 22 located thereon, the soles including one or more apertures (obscured) therein, the one or more apertures being in fluid communication with the vacuum storage tank (obscured). A non-return valve 29, such as a Schmalz valve, is located in an outlet of the vacuum storage tank to control vacuum suction to the shoes 20. In use, the shoes 20 are configured to contact an object (not shown) to be lifted and form a seal thereagainst. Spring mounted guides 24 extend downwardly from the shoes 20 to urge an object, such as a pipe, into correct alignment.

[0133] Pressure sensors 28 are attached to the body 10 of the lifting apparatus and monitor the pressure at the shoes 20. The pressure is visually displayed on a gauge located on the shoe. The data can be transmitted to a controller associated with the vehicle, the controller configured to monitor the pressure and alert the operator to changes in pressure at the vacuum tank and / or the shoe.

[0134] A rotation sensor 86 is associated with the rotator (turntable) 14 to monitor the angle of rotation of the body 10 of the spreader bar and accordingly the angle of rotation of the object being lifted.

[0135] Figure 9 illustrates a mobile vacuum lifter 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0136] The vacuum lifting system a vacuum pump 32 mounted to a vehicle 30, and a primary vacuum storage 34 located adjacent the vacuum pump 32. The system 200 comprises two vacuum storage tanks effectively working together. Vacuum suction is generated by a vacuum pump 32 located on the rear of the host machine 30 into the primary vacuum storage tank 34 which has a 400 L capacity. All vacuum suction generated passes through the primary tank 34 and then passes through a pneumatic line attached to excavator boom 35 and dipper 36 and through a one-way valve arrangement into the secondary vacuum storage tank (240 L capacity) in the vacuum lifting apparatus 40.

[0137] Figure 10 illustrates a body 50 of a lifting apparatus, the body having a main body portion 52 and an extension member 54 at each end.

[0138] Figure 11 illustrates a valve mount 60 with a valve 64, the valve mount 60 comprising a valve mount plate 62 configured to be received within the coupling portion. The valve mount contains one or more through holes 66 configured to receive a supply line or conduit therein. Other through holes 68 are configured to receive bolts therein to fix the valve mount to the turntable so that the valve mount and turntable cannot move separately.

[0139] Figure 12 illustrates a fixing arrangement 70 for fixing the vacuum pump and tank assembly to a vehicle, the fixing arrangement 70 having a mounting plate 72 and two connection portions in the form of clamp assemblies 74 (inset). The fixing arrangement 70 is fixed to the vehicle, such as through the lifting eyes of the counterweight via clamp assemblies 74. The vacuum pump and tank (not shown) can be mounted to the mounting plate 72 securely connecting the vacuum pump and tank assembly to the vehicle.

[0140] Clamp assembly 74 has a pair of opposing mounting portions 76 having an aperture therethrough and a cylindrical bolt 78 disposed through aligned bores of the opposing mounting portions 76. In use, a lifting eye is disposed between the opposing mounting portions 76 and cylindrical bolt 78 is passed through apertures in the lifting eye and opposing mounting portions 76 to removably connect the mounting plate 72 and thus the vacuum pump and tank assembly to the counterweight of the vehicle,

[0141] Figure 13 illustrates a guide member 80 for use with a shoe which assist in correctly aligning the shoes with the object to be lifted. The guide members 80 are configured for attachment at an end of the shoe and include a pair of opposing spring-biased guide flaps 84 and springs 82.

[0142] In the present specification claims (if any), the word ‘comprising’ and its derivatives including ‘comprises’ and include each of the stated integers but does not exclude the inclusion of one or more further integers.

[0143] Reference throughout this specification to ‘one embodiment’ or ‘an embodiment’ means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, the appearance of the phrases ‘in one embodiment’ or ‘in an embodiment’ in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more combinations.

[0144] In compliance with the statute, the disclosure has been described in language more or less specific to structural or methodical features. It is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited to specific features shown or described since the means herein described comprises preferred forms of putting the disclosure into effect. The disclosure is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims (if any) appropriately interpreted by those skilled in the art.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A vacuum tank dipper apparatus for a vehicle such as an excavator, the vacuum tank dipper comprising: a hollow dipper body having spaced apart walls and at least one void inside the walls, the hollow dipper body comprising a sealable vacuum storage tank for storing vacuum pressure in the one or more voids; at least one vacuum shoe operatively mounted on the hollow dipper body and in selectable fluid communication with vacuum suction pressure from the hollow dipper body to allow the at least one shoe to lift object(s) using vacuum suction pressure.

2. The vacuum tank dipper apparatus of claim 1 further comprising: a dipper-boom coupling portion configured to pivotally couple a proximal end of the vacuum tank dipper to a boom; a dipper-shoe coupling portion configured to operatively couple the distal end of the vacuum tank dipper to the at least one vacuum shoe.

3. A vacuum tank boom apparatus for a vehicle such as an excavator, the vacuum tank boom comprising: a hollow boom body having spaced apart walls and at least one void inside the walls, the hollow boom body comprising a sealable vacuum storage tank for storing vacuum pressure in the one or more voids; at least one vacuum shoe operatively mounted on the hollow boom body and in selectable fluid communication with vacuum suction pressure from the hollow boom body to allow the at least one shoe to lift object(s) using vacuum suction pressure.

4. The vacuum tank boom apparatus of claim 3 further comprising a boom-vehicle coupling portion configured to pivotally couple a proximal end of the vacuum tank boom to a vehicle; a boom-dipper or boom-shoe coupling portion configured to operatively couple the distal end of the vacuum tank boom to a dipper or the at least one vacuum shoe.

5. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims comprising at least one inlet to draw air from the or each vacuum shoe; at least one outlet configured to connect to a vacuum source to allow air to be extracted from the one or more voids.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, further one or more valves mounted on the inlet to allow air to enter the vacuum storage tank and operable to inhibit the flow of air to the at least one vacuum shoe.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the one or more valves are check valves.

8. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one vacuum shoe is mounted on the end of the hollow boom body or the hollow dipper body.

9. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims wherein the or each vacuum shoe comprises one or more apertures in fluid communication with the vacuum storage tank, and the shoe further comprises a sole having a seal configured to contact the object(s) to be lifted.

10. The apparatus of claim 2 or 4 further comprising a turntable, wherein the turntable is located within the dipper to shoe coupling portion or boom to shoe coupling portion and is configured to rotate the vacuum shoe relative to the dipper or boom.

11. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising one or more further valves associated with the at least one vacuum shoe, wherein the one or more further valves control the flow of vacuum suction to the at least one vacuum shoe.

12. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising one or more pressure sensors, wherein the pressure sensors monitor the pressure at the at least one vacuum shoe.

13. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims further comprises a spreader bar operatively connected to the dipper or boom, the spreader bar comprising a vacuum storage tank.

14. An excavator-style mobile vacuum lifting machine, the vacuum lifting machine comprising: a vehicle with a ground engaging drive; a vacuum tank dipper according to claim 1 or 2, or a vacuum tank boom according to claim 3 or 4.

15. A vacuum lifting system comprising: a vacuum pump assembly comprising a vacuum pump and configured to bemounted to a vehicle; a vacuum lifting apparatus for a such as an excavator in fluid communication with the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum lifting apparatus comprising a vacuum tank dipper according to claim 1 or 2; a system controller located in the cabin of the vehicle, the system controller in electronic communication with one or more sensors associated with one or more of the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum tank dipper, and / or the vacuum shoe, wherein the system controller allows an operator to monitor and control the operations of the vacuum lifting system.

16. A vacuum lifting system comprising: a vacuum pump assembly comprising a vacuum pump and configured to be mounted to a vehicle; a vacuum lifting apparatus for a vehicle such as an excavator in fluid communication with the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum lifting apparatus comprising a vacuum tank boom according to claim 3 or 4; a system controller located in the cabin of the vehicle, the system controller in electronic communication with one or more sensors associated with one or more of the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum tank boom, and / or the vacuum shoe, wherein the system controller allows an operator to monitor and control the operations of the vacuum lifting system.

17. The system according to claim 15 or claim 16, further comprising an alarm which indicates a fault in a vacuum lift, and wherein manual override of the fault alarm is required by the operator.

18. The system according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the system comprises a lift counter feature to count the number of lifts.

19. The system according to any one of claims 15 to 18, further comprising a proximity alarm which activates if the vacuum shoe is rotating towards the vehicle.

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