Vehicle, light assembly for a vehicle and method for manufacturing same
By embedding a heat sink with higher thermal conductivity into a thermally conductive plastic material, the light assembly achieves efficient heat dissipation and weight reduction, addressing the challenge of thermal management in vehicle lighting.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAN LOTUS CARS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing vehicle light assemblies face challenges in heat management while striving to limit weight, as conventional materials struggle to efficiently dissipate the thermal energy generated by high-power light sources.
A light assembly design incorporating a heat sink embedded in a thermally conductive plastic material, where the heat sink is made of a higher thermal conductivity material than the plastic, ensuring efficient heat transfer and weight reduction.
The solution effectively dissipates heat generated by high-power LEDs, maintaining efficient thermal management while reducing the overall weight of the light assembly.
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Figure CN2024142885_23042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
VEHICLE, LIGHT ASSEMBLY FOR A VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAMETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The invention concerns a vehicle, a light assembly for a vehicle and a method for manufacturing same. The vehicle may in particular be a road vehicle, such as a car, a bus or a truck. The light assembly may e.g. be a left or right front light assembly, a left or right rear light assembly or a left or right turn signal assembly.BACKGROUND
[0002] Light assemblies for vehicles typically are integrated units designed to house and protect the various lighting components used in automotive applications. They typically comprise a housing, a light source, a reflector that serves to direct and focus the light emitted from the light source, and a transparent outer cover. The latter may e.g. act as a lens helping to control dispersion of the light. Additionally, or alternatively, a light diffuser may be provided to scatter light, in particular so as to create a uniform illumination.
[0003] Such light assemblies are directly mounted on the vehicle during its production but can also be sold separately as spare parts. They often represent pre-assembled components that can be installed in a vehicle as a complete unit.
[0004] A typical challenge when designing such light assemblies concerns heat management. More specifically, the light source typically generates significant amounts of thermal energy that need to be dissipated in a controlled manner to prevent damage to the light assembly and / or to surrounding components.
[0005] It has been determined by the inventors that there is a need to further improve heat management in existing light assemblies, especially while at the same time limiting the weight of the light assemblies.SUMMARY
[0006] It is an object of this invention to address this need.
[0007] This object is solved by the subject matter according to the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims, in this description and in the figures.
[0008] Accordingly, a light assembly for a vehicle is suggested, the light assembly comprising: -at least a first housing part that comprises a heat conductive plastic material, -alight source, -aheat sink at which the light source is arranged; wherein at least one section of the heat sink is embedded in the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part.
[0009] It has been determined that thermal management and in particular heat dissipation significantly improved when embedding a heat sink, that is as such marked by an increased thermal conductivity, into a heat conductive plastic materials. The embedding ensures a particularly efficient heat transfer between these members. At the same time, the heat sink may be marked by a higher thermal conductivity compared to the heat conductive plastic material, whereas the latter may be marked by a lower weight compared to a material of heat sink. By combining the two, a suitable compromise can be achieved between the goal of limiting weight of the light assembly, while at the same time improving its heat management capabilities, in particular in terms of efficiently dissipating heat generated by the light source.
[0010] The first housing part may form at least part of an exterior housing of the light assembly. The overall housing of the light assembly may, apart from said first housing part, optionally include further housing parts, i.e. may be a multi-part member. The first housing part and / or the overall housing of the light assembly in general may face and / or contact surrounding parts of the vehicle. The first housing part may house any of the light source or heatsink. For example, these may be at least partially or fully be arranged inside the said first housing part. Nonetheless, the first housing part may be open, e.g. on at least one side or in at least one region. This opening may at least partially be closed by any of the further members of the light assembly discussed herein, such as a light diffuser, a transparent outer cover and / or a second housing part.
[0011] The light source may e.g. comprise at least one LED, light emitting diode. This LED may generate significant amounts of heat when emitting light, in particular when it is a high-power LED discussed below.
[0012] The heat sink may comprise a metallic material. It may directly be attached to the LED, e.g. by soldering or adhering, to promote an efficient heat transfer from the LED to the heatsink. A coefficient of thermal conductivity of the heatsink may be larger than that of the first housing part. It may also be larger than of any of the further members of the light assembly discussed herein, such as a reflector, a light diffuser, a second housing part or transparent outer cover.
[0013] The heat conductive plastic material may be a material that is specifically designed to have a higher thermal conductivity value compared to conventional plastic, see the Exemplary values below. In a generally known manner, this can be achieved by incorporating a thermally conductive particles of fillers, such as metal particles, carbon fibers or ceramic powders, into a basic plastic material and / or a plastic matrix. Some non-limiting examples of heat conductive plastic materials are marketed under the following names: CoolPoly by Cool Polymers, Therma-Tech by RTP Company, Konduit by Celanese Corporation, Thermaform by Laird Technologies, Thermylon by PolyOne Corporation (now Avient Corporation) , Ultradur by BASF, and Grivory HT by EMS-GRIVORY.
[0014] The at least one section of the heat sink that is embedded into the heat conductive plastic material may be different from a section, and in particular the below discussed base section, at which the light source is arranged. Said at least one section may generally serve to conduct heat away from the heatsink towards and into the heat conductive plastic material and from there into the surroundings. The embedding may include that the at least one section is encapsulated within the heat conductive plastic material, surrounded by said material and / or that the plastic material is generally formed around said section.
[0015] According to an embodiment, the light source comprises a high power LED. The light source can comprise an LED having a power between 0.3 W and 10 W, or between 1 W and 9 W, or between 2 W and 8 W, or between 4 W and 6 W. The LED can have a power of at least 0.3 W, or at least 1 W, or at least 2 W, or at least 4 W, or at least 6 W, or at least 8 W. The LED can have a power of 10 W or less, or 9 W or less, or 8 W or less, or 6 W or less, or 5 W or less. With such a power, a sufficiently intensive lighting also through dark outer covers or surfaces can be achieved e.g. through surfaces that appear to be non-transparent and / or black when the light source is inactive. At the same time, these high-power levels are accompanied with high levels of generated thermal energy. Yet, this can be reliably compensated for by the present solution.
[0016] In one example, the heat conductive plastic material has a thermal conductivity of at least 1 W / (m x K) , or at least 1.5 W / (m x K) , or at least 2 W / (m x K) . This may represent a significant increase in the thermal conductivity compared to conventional plastics whose thermal conductivity typically ranges from around 0.2 W / (m x K) to 0.5 W / (m x K) . Accordingly, using a heat conductive plastic material compared to conventional plastic material may help to significantly improve thermal management.
[0017] According to an embodiment, at least a first section of the heat sink is insert molded into the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part. Such an insert molding is a reliable way of achieving the previously described embedding of the first section into the heat conductive plastic material. According to established technologies, the insert molding may be a manufacturing process in which the typically preformed heat sink, that is typically made of metal or another material than plastic or at least other than a heat conductive plastic material, is placed into a mold before the at least partially molten plastic material is injected or otherwise filled into the mold. The molten heat conductive plastic material then flows around and bonds with the inserted heat sink, at least partially encapsulating at least the previously described section thereof which is thus embedded into the solidifying heat conductive plastic material.
[0018] In one example, the heat sink comprises aluminum or another metallic material. For example, the heatsink may be fully made of a metallic material and / or may be a one-piece metallic member. This may help to improve its thermal conductivity.
[0019] According to an embodiment, the heat sink covers at least 50%of a rear face of the light source. Said rear face may e.g. face away from a transparent outer cover and / or lens of the light assembly. It may face towards the first housing part and / or may face inside of the housing. It may be free of electronic components and / or light emitting components. Covering a respectively large share of said rear face helps to increase the amount of thermal energy that is transferred to the heat sink.
[0020] In one example, the heat sink comprises a base section at which the light source is arranged and at least one protruding section that protrudes from the base section, wherein the protruding section is embedded in the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part. For example, the protruding section is elongated. In one example, it may have a spike-shape or thin rip-or plate-shape. It may extent at an angle to the base section and in particular substantially orthogonally thereto. The base section may be a flat and / or planar section. It may extend along and in particular in contact with the rear face of the light source. In one example, a plurality of protruding sections may protrude from the base section. These may each be embedded in the heat conductive plastic material. The protruding sections provide an additional material volume for conducting and dissipating heat. They may be marked by a large surface area by means of which a respectively large amount of heat can be transferred to the heat conductive plastic material.
[0021] According to an embodiment, the base section is in direct facing contact with material of the first housing part and / or is at least partially embedded therein. This may in particular concern a rear face of the base section that faces away from the light source. At least this rear face may e.g. partially be insert molded and / or be embedded in the heat conductive plastic material. In one example, a volume of the heat conductive plastic material may continuously cover and / or encapsulate the base section and in particular an entirety of its rear face, while also encapsulating at least one section protruding therefrom. This may help to further increase the contact area between the heatsink and the heat conductive plastic material to increase heat transfer therebetween.
[0022] In one example, the light assembly further comprises a reflector, that is a least partially received in the housing. The reflector may be configured to direct and focus the light emitted from the light source. It may partially surround and / or centrally receive the light source, which may e.g. act as a point light source. The reflector may be a parabolic reflector to promote focusing of the light emitted by the light source.
[0023] According to an embodiment, the light assembly further comprises at least a second housing part that is coupled to the first housing part and that is made of a different material compared to the first housing part. For example, the second housing part may be made from a different plastic material compared to the first housing part and in particular may be free of any heat conductive plastic material. This may help to reduce costs and weight. The second housing part may generally be located at a distance to and / or may not receive or at least partially surround the light source and / or the heat sink. This may allow to design said second housing part with decreased heat conductive capabilities compared to the first housing part. When viewed from the outside and e.g. looking at a transparent outer cover, the second housing part may be located at least partially in front of the first housing part. The first housing part and the second housing part may be coupled to one another to form a main housing of the light assembly. Said main housing may, according to one embodiment, not include any further distinct housing parts, thereby reducing complexity and costs.
[0024] In one example, the first housing part and the second housing part are sequentially arranged, e.g. when viewed along an optical axis along which light is emitted by the light source. The first housing part may be axially closer to and / or receive the light source compared to the second housing part which may e.g. be axially spaced apart from the light source.
[0025] The second housing part may receive at least part of the reflector, in particular an end section thereof that is located at a distance to and / or faces away from the light source. In one example, the light assembly further comprises a light diffuser, wherein the second housing part at least partially receives the light diffuser. On the other hand, the light diffuser may not be received in the first housing part and / or may generally be located at a distance thereto. The light diffuser may be configured to spread or scatter the light emitted by the light source evenly across a surface or space, in particular more evenly compared to a state of the light before impinging on the light diffuser. The light diffuser may e.g. comprise translucent or frosted materials, such as acrylic or polycarbonate. Additionally or alternatively, it may comprise a surface texture that may be configured to enhance the even distribution and scattering of light.
[0026] According to an embodiment, the light assembly further comprises a transparent outer cover, in particular an outer lens. The second housing part may be coupled to and / or at may at least partially receive the transparent cover. The outer lens may be a specific example of a transparent outer cover that is additionally configured direct the light from the light source to achieve a desired illumination pattern. Generally, the transparent outer cover may be a protective component that allows light to pass through while shielding the internal components, such as the light source, reflector, and light diffuser, from environmental factors like dust, moisture, and physical damage.
[0027] The invention also concerns a vehicle comprising at least one light assembly according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein.
[0028] The invention also concerns a method of manufacturing a light assembly for a vehicle, the method comprising: -arranging a light source at a heat sink; wherein at least one section of the heat sink is embedded in a heat conductive plastic material of a first housing part of the light assembly.
[0029] The method may further comprise insert molding at least a first section of the heat sink into the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0030] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are discussed in the following with reference to the attached schematic Figures. Same features may be assigned same reference signs throughout the Figures.
[0031] FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a light assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0032] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating temperatures when operating the light assembly according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
[0033] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating temperatures when operating an alternative light assembly that is not configured according to this invention.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0034] FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a light assembly 10 according to an embodiment of the invention. The sectional plane extends centrally through the light assembly 10 and comprises an optical axis A long which light is emitted into the surroundings. The sequential plane may be a plane of mirror symmetry for at least some of the below discussed components of the light assembly 10, such as a heat sink 22, a light source 20, a light diffuser 16, an outer cover 24 or a reflector 18. The light assembly 10 of shown example is a single integrated unit and specifically is a right or left taillight of a vehicle, such as a car.
[0035] The light assembly 10 comprises a housing which consists of a first housing part 12 and a second housing part 14, i.e. has a two-part design. The first housing part 12 houses a light diffuser 16, a reflector 18, and a light source 20. The light source 20 comprises an indicated row of high-power LEDs whose power is e.g. larger than 5 W each. The light source 20 in the shown example comprises a flat or planar member, such as a printed circuit board, PCB, carrying the LEDs. A front face of the light source 20 faces towards the surroundings of the light source 20. The light source 20 emits light along the optical axis A. A rear face of the light source faces away from the surroundings and towards a rear section of the first housing part 12. A metallic heat sink 22 is directly attached to said rear face, e.g. by soldering and / or adhesion.
[0036] The heat sink 22 and the light source 20 our fully received in or housed by the first housing part 12. The reflector 18 and in particular a rear end thereof, e.g. when viewed along the optical axis A in a direction from the light source 20 into the surroundings, is also received in the first housing part 12. A respective front end of the reflector 18 is received in the second housing part 14. The light diffuser 16 is also received in the second housing part 14 and covers a front opening of the reflector 18. A transparent outer cover 24 is received in a through hole in the second housing part 14 and closes said through hole. It is positioned directly adjacent to the light diffuser 16 when viewed along the optical axis A. In the shown example, so transparent outer cover 24 may be dark when the light source 20 is inactive. However, due to the high power of the LEDs provided at the light source 20, that can nevertheless be emitted through said transparent outer cover 24
[0037] In the shown example, the first housing part 12 and second housing part 14 are thus sequentially arranged along the optical axis A, but could also overlap at least in sections and / or locally. Yet, it may still be provided that the majority of the respective volumes of the first housing part 12 and second housing part 14 are sequentially spaced along the optical axis A.
[0038] The second housing part 14 is made of a conventional plastic material without any specifically increased heat conductive capabilities. The first housing part 12 is made of a heat conducting plastic material according to any of the examples disclosed herein. It may have a larger heat conductivity compared to the second housing part 14, e.g. at least twice as high or at least five times as high.
[0039] The heat sink 22 comprises a base section 26 which is essentially flat or planar. It extends along the light source 20 and specifically along its planar PCB. It is in direct contact with a rear face of said light source 20.
[0040] From a rear face of the base section 26 which faces away from the surroundings and / or from the light source 20, a number of protruding sections 28 orthogonally protrude away from the light source 20. These protruding sections 28 may also be referred to or may be configured as spikes, ribs or legs. They are each fully surrounded by and / or encapsulated by and / or embedded in the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part 12. Said heat conductive plastic material also covers and is in direct contact with at least a rear face of the base section 26 of the heat sink 22. The heat conductive plastic material, and the first housing part 12 in general, is formed as a one-piece member, so that the respective sections of the heat sink 22 are molded into and / or embedded into a continuous heat conductive plastic material volume.
[0041] In the shown example, the heat sink 22 or at least the above described protruding sections 28 thereof are insert molded into the first housing part 12. In the respectively produced final part, this may e.g. be evident from a seamless bond between the plastic material and the embedded sections of the heat sink 22, the strength of the bond between the plastic material and the embedded sections, material flow lines or marks in the plastic material especially near the embedded sections, or from microscopic examinations of the material structure at the interfaces, or in other words contact areas, between the plastic material and the embedded sections 28 .
[0042] By means of this configuration, a large heat transfer takes place across the comparatively large planar contact area between the rear face of the light source 20 and a front face of the base section 26. The heat is conducted within the one-piece metallic heat sink 22 to its protruding sections 28. These are marked by large surface areas from which the heat can be efficiently transferred into the heat conductive plastic material in which the respective sections 28 are embedded. From there, the heat may be further dissipated into the surroundings. Thus, even when using high-power LEDs or other high-power light sources, the large heat generated when operating same can be reliably and efficiently dissipated.
[0043] On the other hand, by combining the comparatively thin metallic heat sink 22 with the in comparison lighter heat conductive plastic material, weight of the light assembly 10 is limited.
[0044] The effects in terms of heat management are evident from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.FIG. 2 concerns the example of FIG. 1, whereas FIG. 3 concerns a hypothetical non-illustrated alternative example which is not configured according to the present invention. Rather, this alternative example does not comprise any dedicated heat sink 22.Heat generated by the light source 20 is thus exclusively conducted by the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part 12, i.e. said first housing part 12 is entirely made of heat conductive plastic without any insert molded metallic parts, let alone a metallic heat sink 22.
[0045] FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 each show temperature values along the vertical axes received from a thermal simulation, whereas the horizontal axes concern time in the unit of seconds. Each of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 contain a plurality of temperature measurement curves. Both FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 feature multiple temperature measurement curves, each corresponding to a specific LED model that has undergone thermal simulation. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are derived from thermal simulations of the same set of LED models. The temperature values represent a junction temperature which in a generally known manner refers to the temperature of a semiconductor part where each LED’s p-n junction is located.
[0046] It can be seen that in FIG. 2, for each of the temperature measurement curves and respective LED models the temperature rises less steeply compared to FIG. 3, especially in between approximately 96 ℃ and a subsequent maximum plateau at about 110 ℃. Moreover, said maximum plateau is approximately 10%lower in comparison to the respective maximum temperature of FIG. 3.
Claims
1.Light assembly (10) for a vehicle, the light assembly (10) comprising:-at least a first housing part (12) that comprises a heat conductive plastic material,-a light source (20) ,-a heat sink (22) at which the light source (20) is arranged;wherein at least one section (28) of the heat sink (22) is embedded in the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part (12) .2.Light assembly (10) according to claim 1,wherein the light source (20) comprises a high power LED having a power between 0.3 W and 10 W.3.Light assembly (10) according to claim 1 or 2,wherein the heat conductive plastic material has a thermal conductivity of at least 1 W / m x K, or at least 1.5 W / m x K, or at least 2 W / m x K.4.Light assembly (10) according to any of the previous claims,wherein at least a first section (28) of the heat sink (22) is insert molded into the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part (12) .5.Light assembly (10) according to any of the previous claims,wherein the heat sink (22) comprises aluminum or another metallic material.6.Light assembly (10) according to any of the previous claims,wherein the heat sink (22) covers at least 50%of a rear face of the light source (20) .7.Light assembly (10) according to any of the previous claims,wherein the heat sink (22) comprises a base section (26) at which the light source (20) is arranged and at least one protruding section (28) that protrudes from the base section (26) , wherein the protruding section (28) is embedded in the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part (12) .8.Light assembly (10) according to claim 7,wherein the base section (26) is in direct facing contact with heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part (12) and / or is at least partially embedded therein.9.Light assembly (10) according to any of the previous claims,further comprising a reflector (18) that is a least partially received in the first housing part (12) .10.Light assembly (10) according to any of the previous claims,further comprising at least a second housing part (14) , that is coupled to the first housing part (12) and that is made of a different material compared to the first housing part (12) .11.Light assembly (10) according to claim 10,further comprising a light diffuser (16) ,wherein the second housing part (14) at least partially receives the light diffuser (16) .12.Light assembly (10) according to claim 10 or 11,further comprising a transparent outer cover (24) , in particular an outer lens,wherein the second housing part (14) is coupled to and / or at least partially receives the transparent outer cover (24) .13.Vehicle, comprising at least one light assembly (10) according to any of the previous claims.14.Method of manufacturing a light assembly (10) for a vehicle, the method comprising:-arranging a light source (20) at a heat sink (22) ;wherein at least one section (28) of the heat sink (22) is embedded in a heat conductive plastic material of a first housing part (12) of the light assembly (10) .15.Method according to claim 14,further comprising: insert molding at least a first section (28) of the heat sink (22) into the heat conductive plastic material of the first housing part (12) .
Citation Information
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