Method and apparatus for use in communication node for wireless communication

Abstract

The present application discloses a method and apparatus for use in a communication node for wireless communication. A terminal receives a first RRC message, wherein the first RRC message configures a first radio bearer (RB) and a second RB, both the first RB and the second RB are encrypted using a first key, and at least one of an encryption algorithm and an integrity protection algorithm used by the first RB is different from that used by the second RB. The solution provided in the present application enables a network to optimize encryption algorithms and integrity protection algorithms for different RBs on the basis of different QoS requirements, thereby improving transmission flexibility, and optimizing an encryption algorithm or an integrity protection algorithm for an AI / ML module.

Description

A method and apparatus for use in a communication node for wireless communication

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411448382.4, filed on October 16, 2024, entitled "A Method and Apparatus for Use in a Communication Node for Wireless Communication", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to transmission methods and apparatus in wireless communication systems, and more particularly to methods and apparatus for encryption and integrity protection. Background Technology

[0003] With the continuous development of wireless communication, the requirements for mobility, transmission latency, and system capacity are becoming increasingly stringent. 3GPP RAN (Radio Access Network) introduces QoS-based radio bearer mapping at the SDAP and PDCP layers. This mapping performs QoS mapping, IP header compression, integrity protection, and encryption on service flows with different QoS requirements from higher layers before delivering them to lower layers for transmission.

[0004] With the continuous development of wireless communication and the increasing diversification of demands, 3GPP will further enhance some key technologies in its future evolution. For example, it will apply AI (Artificial Intelligence) or ML (Machine Learning) to RRC radio resource management, or make targeted optimizations for AI / ML services within the 3GPP protocol stack. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The inventors discovered that in existing protocols, different RBs within the same RB (Radio Bearer) configuration need to use the same key, encryption algorithm, and integrity protection algorithm. For diverse services, data, or signaling transmissions, different QoS requirements may exist, and existing mechanisms struggle to adapt to these diverse transmission needs. To improve transmission flexibility, it is necessary to enhance the encryption and integrity protection mechanisms of existing RBs.

[0006] To address the above problems, this application provides a solution.

[0007] As an example, the interpretation of the terminology in this application is based on the definitions in the 3GPP specification protocol TS36 series.

[0008] As an example, the interpretation of terms in this application is based on the definitions in the 3GPP specification protocol TS38 series.

[0009] As an example, the interpretation of terms in this application is based on the definitions in the 3GPP specification protocol TS37 series.

[0010] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in any node of this application can be applied to any other node. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in any embodiment of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0011] This application discloses a method used in a terminal, characterized by comprising:

[0012] Receive a first RRC message, which configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using a first key;

[0013] Wherein, at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0014] As an example, the problem this application aims to solve includes: how to enhance existing encryption algorithms and integrity algorithm protection mechanisms.

[0015] As an example, the problem this application aims to solve includes: how to enhance existing QoS mapping mechanisms.

[0016] As an example, the problem this application aims to solve includes: how to design an RB configuration mechanism for multiple encryption / integrity protection algorithms.

[0017] As an example, the features of the above method include: both the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer are encrypted using a first key.

[0018] As an example, the features of the above method include: at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0019] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: improving the flexibility of transmission.

[0020] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it facilitates the network to optimize the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of different RBs according to different QoS requirements.

[0021] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: reducing signaling interactions.

[0022] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0023] The first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm; the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different.

[0024] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it facilitates the use of different encryption algorithms for different wireless bearers.

[0025] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: improving the flexibility of RB transmission.

[0026] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it helps to reduce signaling interactions.

[0027] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0028] The first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm; the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different.

[0029] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it facilitates the use of different integrity protection algorithms for different wireless bearers.

[0030] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: improving the flexibility of RB transmission.

[0031] As an example, the advantages of the above method include reducing signaling interactions.

[0032] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0033] The first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer serve the same service.

[0034] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it helps to improve the flexibility of RB configuration.

[0035] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0036] The first wireless bearer service is a first service, and the second wireless bearer service is a second service. The first service and the second service are different.

[0037] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it facilitates the configuration of different encryption algorithms or integrity protection algorithms for different services, thereby improving the flexibility of service transmission.

[0038] As an example, the advantages of the above method include reducing signaling interactions.

[0039] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0040] The first radio bearer is a radio bearer in a first candidate radio bearer set, and the second radio bearer is a radio bearer in a second candidate radio bearer set; the first candidate radio bearer set and the second candidate radio bearer set do not include any identical radio bearers.

[0041] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it helps to reduce the complexity of protocol implementation.

[0042] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it helps to reduce modifications to existing protocols.

[0043] As an example, the advantages of the above method include reducing signaling interactions.

[0044] As an example, the advantages of the above method include the ability to flexibly adjust the configuration for the wireless bearer.

[0045] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0046] At least one radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set may be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling, while any radio bearer in the second candidate radio bearer set may not be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling.

[0047] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: facilitating the deployment or implementation of AI / ML modules.

[0048] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it facilitates QoS optimization for AI modules.

[0049] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it facilitates the optimization of encryption algorithms or integrity protection algorithms for AI / ML modules.

[0050] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: it helps to reduce signaling interactions.

[0051] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0052] Process and transmit the first data unit and the second data unit;

[0053] The first data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the first wireless bearer, and the second data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the second wireless bearer.

[0054] This application discloses a method used in a base station, characterized by comprising:

[0055] Send a first RRC message, which configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using a first key;

[0056] Wherein, at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0057] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0058] The first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm; the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different.

[0059] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0060] The first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm; the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different.

[0061] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0062] The first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer serve the same service.

[0063] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0064] The first DRB service is a first service, and the second DRB service is a second service. The first service and the second service are different.

[0065] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0066] The first radio bearer is a radio bearer in a first candidate radio bearer set, and the second radio bearer is a radio bearer in a second candidate radio bearer set; the first candidate radio bearer set and the second candidate radio bearer set do not include any identical radio bearers.

[0067] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0068] No wireless bearer in the first candidate wireless bearer set is used for AI / ML, and at least one wireless bearer in the second candidate wireless bearer set is dedicated to AI / ML.

[0069] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized in that,

[0070] Receive and reverse process the first and second data units;

[0071] The first data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the first wireless bearer, and the second data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the second wireless bearer.

[0072] This application discloses a terminal, characterized in that it includes:

[0073] The terminal includes: one or more processors and memory;

[0074] The memory is coupled to the one or more processors and is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, which the one or more processors invoke to cause the terminal to perform the method used by the terminal.

[0075] This application discloses a base station, characterized in that it includes:

[0076] The base station includes: one or more processors and a memory;

[0077] The memory is coupled to the one or more processors and is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, which the one or more processors invoke to cause the base station to perform the method used by the base station.

[0078] As an example, compared with conventional solutions, this application has the following advantages:

[0079] - It helps to improve the flexibility of transmission.

[0080] - It facilitates the network to optimize the encryption and integrity protection algorithms of different RBs according to different QoS requirements.

[0081] - It helps reduce signaling interactions.

[0082] - It facilitates the use of different encryption algorithms for different wireless bearers.

[0083] - It facilitates the use of different integrity protection algorithms for different wireless bearers.

[0084] - It helps to improve the flexibility of RB configuration.

[0085] - It facilitates the configuration of different encryption algorithms or integrity protection algorithms for different services, thereby improving the flexibility of service transmission.

[0086] - It facilitates the deployment or implementation of AI / ML modules.

[0087] - It is beneficial for QoS optimization of AI modules.

[0088] - It is beneficial for optimizing encryption algorithms or integrity protection algorithms for AI / ML modules. Attached Figure Description

[0089] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0090] Figure 1 shows a flowchart according to an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture for the user plane and control plane according to an embodiment of this application;

[0093] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0094] Figure 5 shows a flowchart of wireless signal transmission according to an embodiment of this application;

[0095] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of a first encryption algorithm and a second encryption algorithm according to an embodiment of this application;

[0096] Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of a first integrity protection algorithm and a second integrity protection algorithm according to an embodiment of this application;

[0097] Figure 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of the services of a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer according to an embodiment of this application;

[0098] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a first service and a second service according to an embodiment of this application;

[0099] Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of a first candidate radio bearer set and a second candidate radio bearer set according to an embodiment of this application;

[0100] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of a first candidate radio bearer set and a second candidate radio bearer set according to another embodiment of this application;

[0101] Figure 12 shows a structural block diagram of a processing device for a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] Figure 13 shows a structural block diagram of a processing apparatus for a base station according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of a processing system based on artificial intelligence or machine learning according to an embodiment of this application;

[0104] Figure 15 illustrates a schematic diagram of the deployment of AI / ML functions in a RAN (Radio Access Network) domain according to an embodiment of this application;

[0105] Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the AI / ML function deployment of a UE according to an embodiment of this application;

[0106] Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of a processing system based on artificial intelligence or machine learning according to another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0107] The technical solution of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0108] Example 1

[0109] Example 1 illustrates a flowchart of an embodiment according to this application, as shown in Figure 1. In Figure 1, each box represents a step. It is particularly important to emphasize that the order of the boxes in the figure does not represent the temporal sequence of the steps represented.

[0110] In Embodiment 1, the terminal in this application receives a first RRC message in step 101, wherein the first RRC message configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer;

[0111] Wherein, both the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer are encrypted using the first key; at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0112] As an example, the first RRC message includes an SRB-Identity, which indicates the first radio bearer.

[0113] As an example, the first RRC message includes a DRB-Identity, which indicates the first radio bearer.

[0114] As an example, the first RRC message includes an SRB-Identity, which indicates the second radio bearer.

[0115] As an example, the first RRC message includes a DRB-Identity, which indicates the second radio bearer.

[0116] As an example, the first RRC message includes a RadioBearerConfig IE, which indicates that both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using the first key.

[0117] As an example, the RadioBearerConfig IE includes a SecurityConfig field; the SecurityConfig field includes a keyToUse field; the keyToUse field indicates the first key.

[0118] As an example, the first RRC message includes a SecurityModeCommand field.

[0119] As an example, the first RRC message includes a SecurityConfigSMC field.

[0120] As an example, the first RRC message includes a SecurityConfigSMC field.

[0121] As an example, the first RRC message includes a SecurityAlgorithmConfig field.

[0122] As an example, the first RRC message including a SecurityAlgorithmConfig field means that: the first RRC message includes the RadioBearerConfig IE; the RadioBearerConfig IE includes the SecurityAlgorithmConfig field.

[0123] As an example, the SecurityAlgorithmConfig field in the first RRC message indicates the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first radio bearer.

[0124] As an example, the SecurityAlgorithmConfig field in the first RRC message indicates the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the second radio bearer.

[0125] As an example, the SecurityAlgorithmConfig field in the first RRC message indicates the encryption algorithm and the integrity protection algorithm.

[0126] As an example, the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm indicated in the SecurityAlgorithmConfig field of the first RRC message means that the SecurityAlgorithmConfig field indicates the available encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm.

[0127] As an example, a SecurityAlgorithmConfig field can indicate multiple encryption algorithms and integrity protection algorithms.

[0128] As an example, the first key is the master key.

[0129] As an example, the first key is a secondary key.

[0130] As an example, the first RRC message includes at least one RadioBearerConfig IE, which indicates the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer.

[0131] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first key being the master key means that the keyToUse field included in each RadioBearerConfig IE in the at least one RadioBearerConfig IE is set to master.

[0132] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first key being a secondary key means that the keyToUse field included in each RadioBearerConfig IE in the at least one RadioBearerConfig IE is set to secondary.

[0133] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the at least one RadioBearerConfig IE includes the identifier of the first radio bearer and the identifier of the second radio bearer.

[0134] As one embodiment, the first radio bearer is an SRB, and the second radio bearer is an SRB.

[0135] As one embodiment, the first radio bearer is a DRB, and the second radio bearer is an SRB.

[0136] As one embodiment, the first radio bearer is a DRB, and the second radio bearer is a DRB.

[0137] As one embodiment, the fact that at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different includes: the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use the same encryption algorithm, and the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use different integrity protection algorithms.

[0138] As one embodiment, the fact that at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different includes: the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use the same encryption algorithm, and the first wireless bearer uses an integrity protection algorithm while the second wireless bearer does not use an integrity protection algorithm.

[0139] As one embodiment, the fact that at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different includes: the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use different encryption algorithms, and the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use the same integrity protection algorithm.

[0140] As one embodiment, the fact that at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different includes: the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use different encryption algorithms, and the first wireless bearer uses an integrity protection algorithm while the second wireless bearer does not use an integrity protection algorithm.

[0141] As one embodiment, the fact that at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different includes: the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use different encryption algorithms, and the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use different integrity protection algorithms.

[0142] As one embodiment, the fact that at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different includes: the first wireless bearer uses an encryption algorithm, the second wireless bearer does not use an encryption algorithm, and the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use the same integrity protection algorithm.

[0143] As one embodiment, the fact that at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different includes: the first wireless bearer uses an encryption algorithm, the second wireless bearer does not use an encryption algorithm, and the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use different integrity protection algorithms.

[0144] As an example, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer using different / the same encryption algorithms means that the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use different / the same encryption methods.

[0145] As an example, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer using different / the same encryption algorithms means that the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use different / the same encryption parameters; wherein, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer use the same encryption method.

[0146] As one example, the encryption parameters include bits of the first key.

[0147] As an example, the bits of the first key refer to the length of the bits of the first key.

[0148] As an example, the bit of the first key refers to the position of the bit of the first key.

[0149] As a non-limiting embodiment, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer using different encryption parameters include: the encryption parameters of the first wireless bearer include the lower 128 bits of the first key, and the encryption parameters of the first wireless bearer include the lower 256 bits of the first key; the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer using the same encryption parameters include: the encryption parameters of the first wireless bearer include the lower 128 bits of the first key, and the encryption parameters of the first wireless bearer include the lower 128 bits of the first key.

[0150] As a non-limiting embodiment, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer using different encryption parameters include: the encryption parameters of the first wireless bearer include the lower 128 bits of the first key, and the encryption parameters of the first wireless bearer include the higher 128 bits of the first key; the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer using the same encryption parameters include: the encryption parameters of the first wireless bearer include the lower 128 bits of the first key, and the encryption parameters of the first wireless bearer include the lower 128 bits of the first key.

[0151] As an example, the encryption algorithm is executed for the PDCP entity of the first wireless bearer.

[0152] As an example, the integrity protection algorithm is executed for the PDCP entity of the first radio bearer.

[0153] As an example, the encryption algorithm is executed for the PDCP entity of the second radio bearer.

[0154] As an example, the integrity protection algorithm is executed for the PDCP entity of the second radio bearer.

[0155] As an example, the encryption algorithm refers to the ciphering algorithm.

[0156] As an example, the integrity protection algorithm refers to the integrity protection algorithm.

[0157] As an example, the first RRC message configures the encryption algorithm used by the first radio bearer.

[0158] As an example, the first RRC message configures the encryption algorithm used by the second radio bearer.

[0159] As an example, the first RRC message configures the integrity protection algorithm used by the first radio bearer.

[0160] As an example, the first RRC message configures the integrity protection algorithm used by the second radio bearer.

[0161] As an example, the first RRC message includes at least one SecurityAlgorithmConfig IE, which indicates at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer.

[0162] As an example, the first RRC configuration uses the same encryption algorithm for the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer.

[0163] As an example, the first RRC configures the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer to use different encryption algorithms.

[0164] As an example, the first RRC configuration uses the same integrity protection algorithm for both the first and second radio bearers.

[0165] As an example, the first RRC configures the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer to use different integrity protection algorithms.

[0166] As an example, the encryption method used by the first wireless bearer is referenced in TS 33.501.

[0167] As an example, the encryption method used by the second wireless bearer is referenced in TS 33.501.

[0168] As an example, the integrity protection method used by the first wireless bearer is referenced in TS 33.501.

[0169] As an example, the integrity protection method used by the second wireless bearer is referenced in TS 33.501.

[0170] As an example, the first RRC message indicates that at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer is different.

[0171] As one embodiment, the first radio bearer is associated with a first cell, and the second radio bearer is associated with a second cell.

[0172] As one embodiment, the path between the first node and the first cell is not direct, while the path between the first node and the second cell is direct.

[0173] As an example, the first cell and the second cell are two different serving cells.

[0174] As an example, the first cell and the second cell belong to two different operators.

[0175] As an example, the first cell is a TN cell and the second cell is an NTN cell.

[0176] As an example, the first cell is a serving cell, and the second cell is a target cell.

[0177] As an example, the first cell is a serving cell, and the second cell is a candidate cell.

[0178] As an example, the serving cell is PCell.

[0179] As an example, the serving cell is a PSCell.

[0180] As an example, the candidate cell is a CHO candidate cell.

[0181] As an example, the candidate cell is an LTM candidate cell.

[0182] As an example, the PDCP parameters associated with the first radio bearer include a first parameter, while the PDCP parameters associated with the second radio bearer do not include the first parameter.

[0183] As an example, the first parameter includes the value of a timer.

[0184] As an example, the timer is discardTimer.

[0185] As an example, the first parameter includes an encryption parameter.

[0186] As an example, the first parameter includes an integrity protection parameter.

[0187] As an example, the first parameter indicates the priority.

[0188] As an example, the priority refers to the QCI value.

[0189] As an example, the first parameter indicates the type of wireless bearer.

[0190] As one example, the type of the wireless bearer is SRB or DRB.

[0191] As an example, the first parameter indicates QoS.

[0192] As an example, the first parameter indicates that it is dedicated to AI / ML services.

[0193] As an example, the PDCP parameters associated with the first radio bearer include the first parameter, which means that the first parameter indicates that the first radio bearer is dedicated to the transmission of AI / ML services.

[0194] As an example, the PDCP associated with the second radio bearer not including the first parameter means that the second radio bearer is not used for AI / ML transmission.

[0195] As an example, the first parameter indicates whether the first encryption algorithm is used.

[0196] As an example, the second encryption algorithm is the default encryption algorithm.

[0197] As an example, the PDCP parameters associated with the first radio bearer include the first parameter meaning that the first parameter indicates that the first radio bearer uses the first encryption algorithm for encryption.

[0198] As an example, the fact that the PDCP parameters associated with the second radio bearer do not include the second parameter means that the second radio bearer is encrypted using the second encryption algorithm.

[0199] As an example, the first parameter indicates whether the first integrity protection algorithm is used.

[0200] As an example, the second integrity protection algorithm is the default integrity protection algorithm.

[0201] As an example, the PDCP parameters associated with the first radio bearer include the first parameter meaning that the first parameter indicates that the first radio bearer uses the first integrity protection algorithm for integrity protection.

[0202] As an example, the fact that the PDCP parameters associated with the second radio bearer do not include the second parameter means that the second radio bearer uses the second integrity protection algorithm for integrity protection.

[0203] Example 2

[0204] Example 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to one embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 illustrates a network architecture 200 for a 5G NR (New Radio) / LTE (Long-Term Evolution) / LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced) system. The 5G NR / LTE / LTE-A network architecture 200 may be referred to as 5GS (5G System) / EPS (Evolved Packet System) 200, or some other suitable term. 5GS / EPS 200 includes at least one of UE (User Equipment) 201, RAN (Radio Access Network) 202, 5GC (5G Core Network) / EPC (Evolved Packet Core) 210, HSS (Home Subscriber Server) / UDM (Unified Data Management) 220, and Internet service 230. 5GS / EPS can interconnect with other access networks, but these entities / interfaces are not shown for simplicity. As shown in the figure, 5GS / EPS provides packet-switched services; however, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the various concepts presented throughout this application can be extended to networks providing circuit-switched services or other cellular networks. The RAN includes node 203 and other nodes 204. Node 203 provides user and control plane protocol termination toward UE 201. Node 203 can be connected to other nodes 204 via an Xn interface (e.g., backhaul) / X2 interface. Node 203 may also be referred to as a base station, base transceiver station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), TRP (transmitter-receiver node), or some other suitable term. Node 203 provides UE 201 with an access point to the 5GC / EPC 210. Examples of UE201 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, non-terrestrial base station communications, satellite mobile communications, global positioning systems, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, drones, aircraft, narrowband IoT devices, machine-type communication devices, land vehicles, automobiles, wearable devices, or any other similar functional devices.Those skilled in the art may also refer to UE201 as a mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, radio unit, remote unit, mobile device, radio device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, radio terminal, remote terminal, handheld device, user agent, mobile client, client, or any other suitable term. Node 203 is connected to 5GC / EPC210 via the S1 / NG interface. 5GC / EPC210 includes MME (Mobility Management Entity) / AMF (Authentication Management Field) / SMF (Session Management Function) 211, other MME / AMF / SMF 214, S-GW (Service Gateway) / UPF (User Plane Function) 212, and P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway) / UPF 213. MME / AMF / SMF 211 is the control node that handles signaling between UE201 and 5GC / EPC210. In general, the MME / AMF / SMF211 provides bearer and connection management. All user IP (Internet Protocol) packets are transmitted through the S-GW / UPF212, which is itself connected to the P-GW / UPF213. The P-GW provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. The P-GW / UPF213 connects to Internet service 230. Internet service 230 includes operator-compliant Internet Protocol services, specifically including the Internet, intranet, IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), and packet-switched streaming services.

[0205] As an example, the UE201 corresponds to the terminal described in this application.

[0206] As an example, the UE201 is a user equipment (UE).

[0207] As an example, the UE201 is a base station (BS).

[0208] As an example, the UE201 is a relay device.

[0209] As an example, the UE201 is a gateway device.

[0210] As an example, node 203 corresponds to the base station in this application.

[0211] As one example, node 203 is a base station device.

[0212] As an example, node 203 is a user equipment.

[0213] As one example, node 203 is a relay device.

[0214] As one example, node 203 is a gateway device.

[0215] Typically, UE201 is a user equipment and node203 is a base station device.

[0216] Typically, UE201 is a user equipment, and node203 is a user equipment.

[0217] Typically, UE201 is a base station device, and node203 is a base station device.

[0218] As one example, the user equipment supports transmission over a non-terrestrial network (NTN).

[0219] As an example, the user equipment supports terrestrial network transmission.

[0220] As an example, the user equipment supports dual connection (DC) transmission.

[0221] As one example, the user equipment includes an aircraft.

[0222] As one embodiment, the user equipment includes an in-vehicle terminal.

[0223] As one example, the user equipment includes a vessel.

[0224] As one example, the user equipment includes an Internet of Things (IoT) terminal.

[0225] As one example, the user equipment includes a terminal for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).

[0226] As one embodiment, the user equipment includes devices that support low-latency, high-reliability transmission.

[0227] As one embodiment, the user equipment includes testing equipment.

[0228] As one embodiment, the user equipment includes a signaling tester.

[0229] As one embodiment, the user equipment includes IAB (Integrated Access and Backhaul)-MT (Mobile Termination).

[0230] As an example, the base station equipment supports transmission over non-terrestrial networks.

[0231] As an example, the base station equipment supports transmission over terrestrial networks.

[0232] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a Base Transceiver Station (BTS).

[0233] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a NodeB (NB).

[0234] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a gNB.

[0235] As one example, the base station equipment includes an eNB.

[0236] As one example, the base station equipment includes an ng-eNB.

[0237] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes an en-gNB.

[0238] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a CU (Centralized Unit).

[0239] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a DU (Distributed Unit).

[0240] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a TRP (Transmitter Receiver Point).

[0241] As one example, the base station equipment includes a macrocell base station.

[0242] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a microcell base station.

[0243] As one example, the base station equipment includes a pico cell base station.

[0244] As one example, the base station equipment includes a femtocell.

[0245] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes flight platform equipment.

[0246] As one example, the base station equipment includes satellite equipment.

[0247] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes testing equipment.

[0248] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a signaling tester.

[0249] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes a gateway device.

[0250] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes an IAB-node.

[0251] As one example, the base station equipment includes an IAB-donor.

[0252] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes IAB-donor-CU.

[0253] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes IAB-donor-DU.

[0254] As one embodiment, the base station equipment includes an IAB-DU.

[0255] As one example, the base station equipment includes IAB-MT.

[0256] As one embodiment, the relay device includes a relay.

[0257] As one embodiment, the relay device includes an L3 relay.

[0258] As one embodiment, the relay device includes an L2 relay.

[0259] As one example, the relay device includes a router.

[0260] As one example, the relay device includes a switch.

[0261] As one embodiment, the relay device includes a gateway device.

[0262] As one embodiment, the relay equipment includes user equipment.

[0263] As one embodiment, the relay device includes a base station device.

[0264] Example 3

[0265] Example 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture for a user plane and control plane according to this application, as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio protocol architecture for a user plane 350 and a control plane 300. Figure 3 shows the radio protocol architecture for the control plane 300 in three layers: Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3. Layer 1 (L1 layer) is the lowest layer and implements various PHY (Physical Layer) signal processing functions. The L1 layer will be referred to herein as PHY 301. Layer 2 (L2 layer) 305 is above PHY 301 and includes a MAC (Medium Access Control) sublayer 302, an RLC (Radio Link Control) sublayer 303, and a PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) sublayer 304. The PDCP sublayer 304 provides multiplexing between different radio bearers and logical channels. The PDCP sublayer 304 also provides security through encrypted data packets and provides cross-area mobility support. RLC sublayer 303 provides upper-layer packet segmentation and reassembly, retransmission of lost packets, and packet reordering to compensate for out-of-order reception caused by HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request). MAC sublayer 302 provides multiplexing between the logical and transport channels. MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for allocating various radio resources (e.g., resource blocks) within a cell. MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for HARQ operations. RRC (Radio Resource Control) sublayer 306 in Layer 3 (L3) of the control plane 300 is responsible for acquiring radio resources (i.e., radio bearers) and using RRC signaling to configure the lower layers. The radio protocol architecture of user plane 350 includes Layer 1 (L1 layer) and Layer 2 (L2 layer). In user plane 350, the radio protocol architecture for physical layer 351, PDCP sublayer 354 in L2 layer 355, RLC sublayer 353 in L2 layer 355, and MAC sublayer 352 in L2 layer 355 is largely the same as the corresponding layers and sublayers in control plane 300. However, PDCP sublayer 354 also provides header compression for upper layer packets to reduce radio transmission overhead. L2 layer 355 in user plane 350 also includes SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) sublayer 356. SDAP sublayer 356 is responsible for mapping between QoS streams and data radio bearers (DRBs) to support service diversity.

[0266] As an example, the wireless protocol architecture in Figure 3 is applicable to the terminal described in this application.

[0267] As an example, the wireless protocol architecture in Figure 3 is applicable to the base station described in this application.

[0268] As an example, the first RRC message in this application is generated in RRC306.

[0269] As an example, the first data unit in this application is generated by the SDAP356.

[0270] As an example, the first data unit in this application is generated by the PDCP354.

[0271] As an example, the first data unit in this application is generated in the RRC306.

[0272] As an example, the first data unit in this application is generated by MAC302 or MAC352.

[0273] As an example, the first data unit in this application is generated in the PHY301 or PHY351.

[0274] As an example, the second data unit in this application is generated in the SDAP356.

[0275] As an example, the second data unit in this application is generated by the PDCP354.

[0276] As an example, the second data unit in this application is generated in the RRC306.

[0277] As an example, the second data unit in this application is generated by MAC302 or MAC352.

[0278] As an example, the second data unit in this application is generated in the PHY301 or PHY351.

[0279] Example 4

[0280] Example 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to this application, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 is a block diagram of a first communication device 450 and a second communication device 410 communicating with each other in an access network.

[0281] The first communication device 450 includes a controller / processor 459, a memory 460, a data source 467, a transmitting processor 468, a receiving processor 456, a multi-antenna transmitting processor 457, a multi-antenna receiving processor 458, a transmitter / receiver 454, and an antenna 452.

[0282] The second communication device 410 includes a controller / processor 475, a memory 476, a receiver processor 470, a transmitter processor 416, a multi-antenna receiver processor 472, a multi-antenna transmitter processor 471, a transmitter / receiver 418, and an antenna 420.

[0283] In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the second communication device 410, upper-layer data packets from the core network are provided to the controller / processor 475. The controller / processor 475 implements L2 layer functionality. In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 475 provides header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels, and radio resource allocation to the first communication device 450 based on various priority metrics. The controller / processor 475 is also responsible for retransmitting lost packets and signaling to the first communication device 450. The transmit processor 416 and the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 implement various signal processing functions for the L1 layer (i.e., the physical layer). Transmit processor 416 performs encoding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction (FEC) at the second communication device 410, and mapping of signal clusters based on various modulation schemes (e.g., Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), M-Phase Shift Keying (M-PSK), M-QAM). Multi-antenna transmit processor 471 performs digital spatial precoding on the encoded and modulated symbols, including codebook-based and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing to generate one or more spatial streams. Transmit processor 416 then maps each spatial stream to subcarriers, multiplexes it with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and subsequently uses inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Multi-antenna transmit processor 471 then performs transmit analog precoding / beamforming operations on the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Each transmitter 418 converts the baseband multicarrier symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmitter processor 471 into an radio frequency stream, which is then provided to different antennas 420.

[0284] In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the first communication device 450, each receiver 454 receives a signal through its corresponding antenna 452. Each receiver 454 recovers the information modulated onto the radio frequency carrier and converts the radio frequency stream into a baseband multicarrier symbol stream, which is then provided to the receiver processor 456. The receiver processor 456 and the multi-antenna receiver processor 458 implement various signal processing functions of the L1 layer. The multi-antenna receiver processor 458 performs receive analog precoding / beamforming operations on the baseband multicarrier symbol stream from the receiver 454. The receiver processor 456 uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to convert the baseband multicarrier symbol stream after the receive analog precoding / beamforming operations from the time domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, the physical layer data signal and the reference signal are demultiplexed by the receiver processor 456, where the reference signal is used for channel estimation, and the data signal is recovered in the multi-antenna receiver processor 458 after multi-antenna detection to recover any spatial stream destined for the first communication device 450. Symbols on each spatial stream are demodulated and recovered in the receive processor 456, generating soft decisions. The receive processor 456 then decodes and deinterleaves the soft decisions to recover the upper-layer data and control signals transmitted by the second communication device 410 over the physical channel. The upper-layer data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 459. The controller / processor 459 implements the functions of Layer 2. The controller / processor 459 may be associated with a memory 460 storing program code and data. The memory 460 may be referred to as computer-readable media. In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 provides multiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transport and logical channels to recover upper-layer data packets from the core network. The upper-layer data packets are then provided to all protocol layers above Layer 2. Various control signals may also be provided to Layer 3 for Layer 3 processing.

[0285] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, at the first communication device 450, a data source 467 is used to provide upper-layer data packets to the controller / processor 459. The data source 467 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Similar to the transmission functions at the second communication device 410 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 implements header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logical and transport channels based on radio resource allocation, implementing L2 layer functions for the user plane and control plane. The controller / processor 459 is also responsible for retransmitting lost packets and signaling to the second communication device 410. Transmit processor 468 performs modulation mapping and channel coding processing, while multi-antenna transmit processor 457 performs digital multi-antenna spatial precoding, including codebook-based and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing. Subsequently, transmit processor 468 modulates the generated spatial stream into a multi-carrier / single-carrier symbol stream. After analog precoding / beamforming operations in multi-antenna transmit processor 457, the stream is provided to different antennas 452 via transmitter 454. Each transmitter 454 first converts the baseband symbol stream provided by multi-antenna transmit processor 457 into a radio frequency symbol stream before providing it to antenna 452.

[0286] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the function at the second communication device 410 is similar to the receiving function at the first communication device 450 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450. Each receiver 418 receives radio frequency signals through its corresponding antenna 420, converts the received radio frequency signals into baseband signals, and provides the baseband signals to the multi-antenna receiving processor 472 and the receiving processor 470. The receiving processor 470 and the multi-antenna receiving processor 472 jointly implement the L1 layer functions. The controller / processor 475 implements the L2 layer functions. The controller / processor 475 may be associated with a memory 476 that stores program code and data. The memory 476 may be referred to as computer-readable media. In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the controller / processor 475 provides multiplexing between the transmission and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover upper-layer data packets from the UE 450. Upper-layer packets from the controller / processor 475 can be provided to the core network.

[0287] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used with the at least one processor, and the first communication device 450 at least: receives a first RRC message, the first RRC message configuring a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are both encrypted using a first key; and at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer is different.

[0288] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 includes: a memory storing a computer-readable instruction program that produces actions when executed by at least one processor, the actions including: receiving a first RRC message that configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are both encrypted using a first key; and at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer is different.

[0289] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used with the at least one processor. The second communication device 410 at least: sends a first RRC message, the first RRC message configuring a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using a first key;

[0290] Wherein, at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0291] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 includes: a memory storing a computer-readable instruction program that produces actions when executed by at least one processor, the actions including: sending a first RRC message that configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using a first key;

[0292] Wherein, at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0293] As an example, at least one of the antenna 452, the receiver 454, the receiving processor 456, and the controller / processor 459 is used to receive the first RRC message.

[0294] As an example, at least one of the antenna 420, the transmitter 418, the transmitter processor 416, and the controller / processor 475 is used to transmit the first RRC message.

[0295] As an example, at least one of the antenna 452, the transmitter 454, the transmission processor 468, and the controller / processor 459 is used to transmit the first data unit.

[0296] As an example, at least one of the antenna 420, the receiver 418, the receiving processor 470, and the controller / processor 475 is used to receive the first data unit.

[0297] As one embodiment, at least one of the antenna 452, the transmitter 454, the transmission processor 468, and the controller / processor 459 is used to transmit the second data unit.

[0298] As an example, at least one of the antenna 420, the receiver 418, the receiving processor 470, and the controller / processor 475 is used to receive the second data unit.

[0299] As an example, the first communication device 450 corresponds to the terminal in this application.

[0300] As an example, the second communication device 410 corresponds to the base station in this application.

[0301] As an example, the first communication device 450 is a user equipment.

[0302] As an example, the first communication device 450 is a base station device.

[0303] As an example, the first communication device 450 is a relay device.

[0304] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a user equipment.

[0305] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a base station device.

[0306] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a relay device.

[0307] Example 5

[0308] Example 5 illustrates a wireless signal transmission flowchart according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 5. It should be noted that the order in this example does not limit the signal transmission order or the order of implementation in this application.

[0309] For terminal U01:

[0310] In step S5101, a first RRC message is received, which configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using a first key.

[0311] In step S5102, a first data unit and a second data unit are processed and transmitted; the first data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the first radio bearer, and the second data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the second radio bearer.

[0312] For base station N02:

[0313] In step S5201, the first RRC message is sent;

[0314] In step S5202, the first data unit and the second data unit are received and processed in reverse.

[0315] In embodiment 5, at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0316] As one embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are wirelessly connected.

[0317] As one embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected by a wire.

[0318] As one embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected via a Uu port.

[0319] As one embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected via an IAB port.

[0320] As one embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected via a PC5 interface.

[0321] As an example, the dashed box F5.1 is optional.

[0322] As an example, the dashed box F5.1 is present.

[0323] As an example, the dashed box F5.1 does not exist.

[0324] As an example, the data unit refers to a PDU session.

[0325] As an example, the data unit refers to an IP data packet.

[0326] As an example, the data unit refers to an SDAP SDU.

[0327] As an example, the data unit refers to a QoS stream data packet.

[0328] As an example, the data unit refers to an SDAP PDU.

[0329] As an example, the data unit refers to a PDCP SDU.

[0330] As an example, the data unit refers to a PDCP PDU.

[0331] As one embodiment, the first data unit and the second data unit are different data units.

[0332] As an example, the first data unit and the second data unit belong to the same QoS stream.

[0333] As an example, the first data unit and the second data unit belong to different QoS streams.

[0334] As an example, the first data unit and the second data unit belong to the same PDU session.

[0335] As one embodiment, the process includes: adding an SDAP subheader.

[0336] As an example, the sending refers to sending via the Uu port.

[0337] As an example, the first data unit and the second data unit are SDAP ASUs.

[0338] As an example, sending the first data unit means: processing the first data unit received by the upper layer into an SDAP PDU and then submitting it to the lower layer.

[0339] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiment, the process includes mapping the QoS in the PDU session to the first radio bearer and adding a sub-header to the response.

[0340] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the lower layer refers to the PDCP layer.

[0341] As an example, sending the second data unit means: processing the second data unit received from the upper layer into an SDAP PDU and then submitting it to the lower layer.

[0342] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiment, the process includes mapping the QoS in the PDU session to the second radio bearer and adding a sub-header to the response.

[0343] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the lower layer refers to the PDCP layer.

[0344] As one embodiment, processing the first data unit includes: encrypting the first data unit using the encryption algorithm of the first radio bearer, and protecting the integrity of the first radio bearer using the integrity protection algorithm of the first radio bearer.

[0345] As one embodiment, processing the second data unit includes: encrypting the second data unit using the encryption algorithm of the second radio bearer, and protecting the integrity of the second radio bearer using the integrity protection algorithm of the second radio bearer.

[0346] As one embodiment, processing the first data unit includes performing a robust IP header compression operation on the first data unit.

[0347] As an example, the first data unit is a data unit dedicated to AI / ML.

[0348] As an example, the first data unit is for AI / ML data collection.

[0349] As an example, the first data unit is used for AI / ML model training.

[0350] As an example, the first data unit is used for AI / ML model verification.

[0351] As an example, the first data unit is used for AI / ML model testing.

[0352] As an example, the first data unit is for submitting AI / ML models.

[0353] As an example, the first data unit is used for AI / ML model inference.

[0354] As an example, the first data unit is used for AI / ML model activation / deactivation.

[0355] As an example, the first data unit is used for AI / ML model switching.

[0356] As an example, the first data unit is used for AI / ML model selection.

[0357] As an example, the first data unit is for at least one of the following: AI / ML data collection, model training, model validation, model testing, model submission, model inference, model activation / deactivation, model switching, or model selection.

[0358] As an example, the second data unit is not a data unit dedicated to AI / ML.

[0359] As one embodiment, the reverse processing of the first data unit includes: decrypting the first data unit using the encryption algorithm of the first radio bearer and the first key, and performing integrity protection verification using the integrity protection algorithm of the first radio bearer.

[0360] As one embodiment, the reverse processing of the second data unit includes: decrypting the second data unit using the encryption algorithm of the second radio bearer and the first key, and performing integrity protection verification using the integrity protection algorithm of the second radio bearer.

[0361] As one embodiment, the reverse processing of the first data unit includes: performing a robust IP header decompression operation on the first data unit.

[0362] As an example, the reverse processing includes processing the first data unit received from the lower layer into an SADP SDU and then submitting it to the upper layer.

[0363] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the lower layer refers to the PDCP layer.

[0364] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the upper layer refers to the application layer.

[0365] Example 6

[0366] Example 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first encryption algorithm and a second encryption algorithm according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 6.

[0367] In Example 6, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm; the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different.

[0368] As an example, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer use the same integrity protection algorithm.

[0369] As an example, the first RRC message indicates the encryption algorithm identifier of the first encryption algorithm.

[0370] As an example, the first RRC message indicates the encryption algorithm identifier of the second encryption algorithm.

[0371] As an example, the identifier of the first encryption algorithm and the identifier of the second encryption algorithm are different.

[0372] As an example, the candidates for the encryption algorithm identifier of the first encryption algorithm include at least one of nea0, nea1, nea2, or nea3.

[0373] As an example, the candidates for the encryption algorithm identifiers of the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm include at least one of nea0, nea1, nea2, or nea3.

[0374] As an example, the first RRC message includes a SecurityAlgorithmConfig field; the SecurityAlgorithmConfig field includes a CipheringAlgorithm field; the CipheringAlgorithm field configures the encryption algorithm identifier candidates for the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm.

[0375] As an example, the first RRC message includes a SecurityConfig IE and a field other than the SecurityConfig IE, wherein the SecurityConfig IE indicates that the first radio bearer uses the first encryption algorithm, and the field other than the SecurityConfig IE indicates that the second radio bearer uses the second encryption algorithm.

[0376] As an example, the first RRC message includes a CipheringAlgorithm IE, which indicates that the first radio bearer uses the first encryption algorithm; the first RRC message also includes another CipheringAlgorithm IE, which indicates that the second radio bearer uses the second encryption algorithm.

[0377] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiment, the CipheringAlgorithm IE indicates the radio bearer identifier of the first radio bearer.

[0378] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiment, the other CipheringAlgorithm IE indicates the radio bearer identifier of the second radio bearer.

[0379] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the radio bearer identifier is srb-Identity.

[0380] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the wireless bearer identifier is drb-Identity.

[0381] As an example, the first RRC message indicating that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm, and that the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different, means that: the first RRC message contains a first field, the first field indicating that the radio bearer identifier of the first radio bearer is associated with the encryption algorithm identifier of the first encryption algorithm; the first field indicating that the radio bearer identifier of the second radio bearer is associated with the encryption algorithm identifier of the second encryption algorithm; and the identifier of the first encryption algorithm is different from the encryption algorithm identifier of the second encryption algorithm.

[0382] As an example, the first domain is a subdomain of the SecurityAlgorithmConfig domain.

[0383] As an example, the first domain is a subdomain of the SecurityConfig domain.

[0384] As an example, the first field is a subfield of the DRB-ToAddMod field.

[0385] As an example, the first field is a subfield of the SRB-ToAddMod field.

[0386] As an example, the first domain is a subdomain of the RadioBearerConfig domain.

[0387] Example 7

[0388] Example 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first integrity protection algorithm and a second integrity protection algorithm according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 7.

[0389] In Example 7, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm; the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different.

[0390] As an example, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer use the same encryption algorithm.

[0391] As an example, the first RRC message indicates the identifier of the first integrity protection algorithm.

[0392] As an example, the first RRC message indicates the identifier of the second integrity protection algorithm.

[0393] As an example, the identifier of the first integrity protection algorithm is different from the identifier of the second integrity protection algorithm.

[0394] As an example, the candidates for the integrity protection algorithm identifier of the first integrity protection algorithm include at least one of nia0, nia1, nia2, or nia3.

[0395] As an example, the candidates for the integrity protection algorithm identifiers of the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm include at least one of nia0, nia1, nia2, or nia3.

[0396] As an example, the first RRC message includes a SecurityAlgorithmConfig field; the SecurityAlgorithmConfig field includes an IntegrityProtAlgorithm field; the IntegrityProtAlgorithm field configures the integrity protection algorithm identifier candidates of the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm.

[0397] As an example, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm; the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm; the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different; the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different.

[0398] As an example, the first RRC message includes a SecurityConfig IE and a field other than the SecurityConfig IE, wherein the SecurityConfig IE indicates that the first radio bearer uses the first integrity protection algorithm, and the field other than the SecurityConfig IE indicates that the second radio bearer uses the second integrity protection algorithm.

[0399] As one embodiment, the first RRC message includes an IntegrityProtAlgorithm IE, which instructs the first radio bearer to use the first integrity protection algorithm; the first RRC message also includes another IntegrityProtAlgorithm IE, which instructs the second radio bearer to use the second integrity protection algorithm.

[0400] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiment, the IntegrityProtAlgorithm IE indicates the radio bearer identifier of the first radio bearer.

[0401] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiment, the other IntegrityProtAlgorithm IE indicates the radio bearer identifier of the second radio bearer.

[0402] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the radio bearer identifier is srb-Identity.

[0403] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the wireless bearer identifier is drb-Identity.

[0404] As an example, the first RRC message indicating that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm, and that the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different, means that: the first RRC message contains a second field, the second field indicating that the radio bearer identifier of the first radio bearer is associated with the integrity protection algorithm identifier of the first integrity protection algorithm; the second field indicating that the radio bearer identifier of the second radio bearer is associated with the integrity protection algorithm identifier of the second integrity protection algorithm; and the identifier of the first integrity protection algorithm is different from the integrity protection algorithm identifier of the second integrity protection algorithm.

[0405] As an example, the second domain is a subdomain of the SecurityAlgorithmConfig domain.

[0406] As an example, the second domain is a subdomain of the SecurityConfig domain.

[0407] As an example, the second field is a subfield of the DRB-ToAddMod field.

[0408] As an example, the second field is a subfield of the SRB-ToAddMod field.

[0409] As an example, the second domain is a subdomain of the RadioBearerConfig domain.

[0410] Example 8

[0411] Example 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of the services of a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 8.

[0412] In Example 8, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer serve the same service.

[0413] As an example, the service refers to IP packets.

[0414] As an example, the service refers to a QoS flow.

[0415] As an example, the service refers to a PDU session.

[0416] As one example, the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer serve the same service, which is configured by the first RRC message.

[0417] As one embodiment, the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer serving the same service include: the same QoS flow being mapped to the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer.

[0418] As an example, the same QoS flow belongs to the same service.

[0419] As an example, the same QoS flow refers to the same service.

[0420] As one embodiment, the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer serving the same service include: the same PDU session being mapped to the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer.

[0421] As an example, the same PDU session belongs to the same service.

[0422] As an example, the same PDU session refers to the same service.

[0423] As an example, the same QoS flow being mapped to the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer means that the PDU session ID in the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are the same QoS flow as the QoS flow indicated by the QFI.

[0424] As one embodiment, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer serving the same service include: the same IP data packet being mapped to the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer.

[0425] As an example, the same IP data packet belongs to the same service.

[0426] As an example, the same IP data packet refers to the same service.

[0427] As one example, the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer serve the same service and rely on the SDAP frame headers of the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer.

[0428] As an example, the service of the first radio bearer service depends on the configuration of the first RRC message; the configuration of the first RRC message includes an SDAP-Config field; the SDAP-Config field indicates the PDU session and QoS mapping relationship of the same service; the QoS mapping relationship is QFI.

[0429] As one embodiment, the service of the second radio bearer service depends on the configuration of the first RRC message; the configuration of the first RRC message includes another SDAP-Config field; the other SDAP-Config field indicates the PDU session and QoS mapping relationship of the same service; the QoS mapping relationship is QFI.

[0430] As an example, the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer serving the same service means that one SDAP-Config domain and the other SDAP-Config domain indicate the same service.

[0431] Example 9

[0432] Example 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first service and a second service according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 9.

[0433] In Embodiment 9, the first wireless bearer service is a first service, and the second wireless bearer service is a second service, and the first service and the second service are different.

[0434] As an example, the service refers to IP packets.

[0435] As an example, the service refers to a QoS flow.

[0436] As an example, the service refers to a PDU session.

[0437] As one embodiment, the first service of the first radio bearer service and the second service of the second radio bearer service are configured by the first RRC message.

[0438] As an example, the difference between the first service and the second service is that one QoS stream is mapped to the first radio bearer, and another QoS stream is mapped to the first radio bearer.

[0439] As an example, one QoS stream belongs to the first service, and the other QoS stream belongs to the second service.

[0440] As an example, one QoS stream is the first service, and the other QoS stream is the second service.

[0441] As an example, the difference between the first service and the second service is that one PDU session is mapped to the first radio bearer, and another PDU session is mapped to the first radio bearer.

[0442] As an example, one PDU session belongs to the first service, and the other PDU session belongs to the second service.

[0443] As one example, one PDU session is the first service, and the other PDU session is the second service.

[0444] As an example, the difference between the first service and the second service is that one IP packet is mapped to the first radio bearer, and another IP packet is mapped to the second radio bearer.

[0445] As an example, one IP packet belongs to the first service, and the other IP packet belongs to the second service.

[0446] As an example, one IP packet represents the first service, and the other IP packet represents the first service.

[0447] As one embodiment, the first service of the first radio bearer service and the second service of the second radio bearer service depend on the SDAP frame headers of the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer.

[0448] As an example, the service of the first radio bearer service depends on the configuration of the first RRC message; the configuration of the first RRC message includes an SDAP-Config field; the SDAP-Config field indicates the PDU session and QoS mapping relationship of the first service; the QoS mapping relationship is QFI.

[0449] As one embodiment, the service of the second radio bearer service depends on the configuration of the first RRC message; the configuration of the first RRC message includes another SDAP-Config field; the other SDAP-Config field indicates the PDU session and QoS mapping relationship of the second service; the QoS mapping relationship is QFI.

[0450] As an example, the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer serving the same service means that one SDAP-Config domain and the other SDAP-Config domain indicate different services.

[0451] Example 10

[0452] Example 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first candidate radio bearer set and a second candidate radio bearer set according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 10.

[0453] In Example 10, the first wireless bearer is a wireless bearer in a first candidate wireless bearer set, and the second wireless bearer is a wireless bearer in a second candidate wireless bearer set; the first candidate wireless bearer set and the second candidate wireless bearer set do not include any identical wireless bearers.

[0454] As one embodiment, the first candidate radio bearer set includes multiple radio bearers.

[0455] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the plurality of radio bearers included in the first candidate radio bearer set are all DRBs.

[0456] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the plurality of radio bearers included in the first candidate radio bearer set are all SRBs.

[0457] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first candidate radio bearer set is the default.

[0458] As one embodiment, the second candidate radio bearer set includes multiple radio bearers.

[0459] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the plurality of radio bearers included in the second candidate radio bearer set are all DRBs.

[0460] As an example, the first candidate radio bearer set uses the first integrity protection algorithm.

[0461] As an example, the first candidate wireless bearer set uses the first encryption algorithm.

[0462] As an example, the first candidate wireless bearer set uses the first integrity protection algorithm and the first encryption algorithm.

[0463] As an example, the second candidate radio bearer set uses the second integrity protection algorithm.

[0464] As an example, the second candidate wireless bearer set uses the second encryption algorithm.

[0465] As an example, the second candidate radio bearer set uses the second integrity protection algorithm and the second encryption algorithm.

[0466] As an example, the first RRC message configures the first candidate radio bearer set.

[0467] As one embodiment, the first RRC message configures the second candidate radio bearer set.

[0468] As an example, the first RRC message includes a securityConfig field, which indicates that all of the plurality of radio bearers included in the first candidate radio bearer set use at least one of the first encryption algorithm and the first integrity protection algorithm.

[0469] As an example, the first RRC message includes another securityConfig field, which indicates that all of the plurality of radio bearers included in the second candidate radio bearer set use at least one of the second encryption algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm.

[0470] As an example, the plurality of radio bearers included in the first candidate radio bearer set and the second candidate radio bearer set are all DRBs.

[0471] As an example, the first RRC message includes a RadioBearerConfig field; the RadioBearerConfig field includes two DRB-ToAddModList fields and two DRB-ToReleaseList fields, wherein one of the DRB-ToAddModList fields and one of the DRB-ToReleaseList fields indicates the configuration of the plurality of radio bearers in the first candidate radio bearer set, and the DRB-ToAddModList field includes the first radio bearer; wherein the other DRB-ToAddModList field and the other DRB-ToReleaseList field indicate the configuration of the plurality of radio bearers in the second candidate radio bearer set, and the other DRB-ToAddModList field includes the second radio bearer.

[0472] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiment, the one DRB-ToAddModList field is associated with the one securityConfig field; the other DRB-ToAddModList field is associated with the other securityConfig field.

[0473] As an example, the first RRC message indicates the configuration of the radio bearer, including a third field indicating the identifier of a set of candidate radio bearers for the radio bearer.

[0474] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, when the third field in the configuration of a certain radio bearer indicates a first candidate radio bearer set identifier, it indicates that the certain radio bearer belongs to the first candidate radio bearer set.

[0475] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, when the third field in the configuration of a certain radio bearer indicates a second candidate radio bearer set identifier, it indicates that the certain radio bearer belongs to the second candidate radio bearer set.

[0476] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, in the configuration of the first radio bearer, the third field is the identifier of the first candidate radio bearer set.

[0477] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, in the configuration of the second radio bearer, the third field is the identifier of the second candidate radio bearer set.

[0478] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the fact that the first candidate radio bearer set and the second candidate radio bearer set do not include any identical radio bearer means that any radio bearer can only be configured with one candidate radio bearer set identifier.

[0479] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the candidate radio bearer set identifier is associated with a securityConfig domain.

[0480] Example 11

[0481] Example 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first candidate radio bearer set and a second candidate radio bearer set according to another embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 11.

[0482] In Embodiment 11, at least one radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set can be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling, while any radio bearer in the second candidate radio bearer set cannot be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling.

[0483] As an example, any wireless bearer in the first candidate wireless bearer set can be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling.

[0484] As an example, at least one radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set is dedicated to data and / or signaling for training and / or inference.

[0485] As an example, any one of the radio bearers in the first candidate radio bearer set is dedicated to transmitting training and / or inference data and / or signaling.

[0486] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the above method uses a dedicated wireless bearer for AI / ML to avoid affecting communication data.

[0487] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first wireless bearer is dedicated to AI / ML.

[0488] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first wireless bearer is dedicated to the AI / ML model.

[0489] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first radio bearer is neither a DRB nor an SRB.

[0490] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the name of the first wireless bearer includes RB and the name of the first wireless bearer includes I, AI, ML, or LLM.

[0491] As a sub-example of the above embodiments, any radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set is an SRB other than SRB1, SRB2, SRB3, SRB4, and SRB5.

[0492] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first candidate wireless bearer set is for AI / ML data collection.

[0493] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first candidate radio bearer set is used for AI / ML model updates.

[0494] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first candidate radio bearer set is for AI / ML.

[0495] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first candidate radio bearer set is a user plane AI / ML model.

[0496] As a supplementary embodiment of the above sub-example, any radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set is a DRB.

[0497] As a supplementary embodiment of the above sub-example, any radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set is neither an SRB nor a DRB.

[0498] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first candidate wireless bearer set is an AI / ML model for the control plane.

[0499] As a supplementary embodiment of the above sub-example, any radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set is an SRB.

[0500] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first candidate radio bearer set is used for transmitting training and / or inference data and / or signaling in the AI / ML plane.

[0501] As an example, any of the radio bearers in the second candidate radio bearer set is not dedicated to training and / or inference data and / or signaling.

[0502] As an example, any radio bearer in the second candidate radio bearer set is an SRB.

[0503] As an example, any radio bearer in the second candidate radio bearer set is a DRB.

[0504] As an example, any radio bearer in the second candidate radio bearer set is an SRB or a DRB.

[0505] As an example, the second radio bearer is the default DRB.

[0506] Example 12

[0507] Example 12 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing device for a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application; as shown in Figure 12. In Figure 12, the terminal 1200 includes a first transmitter 1201 and a first processor 1202.

[0508] The first processor 1202 receives a first RRC message, which configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer.

[0509] In embodiment 12, both the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer are encrypted using a first key; at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0510] As an example, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm; the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different.

[0511] As an example, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm; the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different.

[0512] As one example, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer serve the same service.

[0513] As one embodiment, the first wireless bearer service is a first service, and the second wireless bearer service is a second service, wherein the first service and the second service are different.

[0514] As one embodiment, the first radio bearer is a radio bearer in a first candidate radio bearer set, and the second radio bearer is a radio bearer in a second candidate radio bearer set; the first candidate radio bearer set and the second candidate radio bearer set do not include any identical radio bearers.

[0515] As an example, at least one radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set can be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling, while any radio bearer in the second candidate radio bearer set cannot be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling.

[0516] As one embodiment, the first transmitter 1201 processes and transmits a first data unit and a second data unit; the first data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the first radio bearer, and the second data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the second radio bearer.

[0517] As one embodiment, the terminal includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the terminal to perform the method described in this application for use in a terminal.

[0518] As one embodiment, the first receiver includes at least one of the following in Figure 4 of this application: antenna 452, receiver 454, multi-antenna receiver processor 458, receiver processor 456, controller / processor 459, memory 460, or data source 467.

[0519] As one embodiment, the first receiver includes at least an antenna 452 and a receiver 454 as shown in Figure 4 of this application.

[0520] As one embodiment, the first transmitter 1201 includes at least one of the following in Figure 4 of this application: antenna 452, transmitter 454, multi-antenna transmitter processor 457, transmitter processor 468, controller / processor 459, memory 460, or data source 467.

[0521] As one embodiment, the first transmitter 1201 includes at least an antenna 452 and a transmitter 454 as shown in Figure 4 of this application.

[0522] Example 13

[0523] Example 13 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing apparatus for a base station according to an embodiment of the present application; as shown in Figure 13. In Figure 13, the base station 1300 includes a second transmitter 1301 and a second receiver 1302.

[0524] The second transmitter 1301 sends a first RRC message, which configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using a first key.

[0525] In embodiment 13, at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

[0526] As an example, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm; the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different.

[0527] As an example, the first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm; the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different.

[0528] As one example, the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer serve the same service.

[0529] As one embodiment, the first wireless bearer service is a first service, and the second wireless bearer service is a second service, wherein the first service and the second service are different.

[0530] As one embodiment, the first radio bearer is a radio bearer in a first candidate radio bearer set, and the second radio bearer is a radio bearer in a second candidate radio bearer set; the first candidate radio bearer set and the second candidate radio bearer set do not include any identical radio bearers.

[0531] As an example, any wireless bearer in the first candidate wireless bearer set is not used for AI / ML, and at least one wireless bearer in the second candidate wireless bearer set is dedicated to AI / ML.

[0532] As one embodiment, the second receiver 1302 receives and reverse processes the first data unit and the second data unit; the first data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the first radio bearer, and the second data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the second radio bearer.

[0533] As one embodiment, the base station includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the base station to perform the method described in this application for use in a base station.

[0534] As one embodiment, the second transmitter 1301 includes at least one of the following in Figure 4 of this application: antenna 420, transmitter 418, multi-antenna transmitter processor 471, transmitter processor 416, controller / processor 475, or memory 476.

[0535] As one embodiment, the second transmitter 1301 includes at least an antenna 420 and a transmitter 418 as shown in Figure 4 of this application.

[0536] As one embodiment, the second receiver 1302 includes at least one of the following in Figure 4 of this application: antenna 420, receiver 418, multi-antenna receiver processor 472, receiver processor 470, controller / processor 475, or memory 476.

[0537] As one embodiment, the second receiver 1302 includes at least an antenna 420 and a receiver 418 as shown in Figure 4 of this application.

[0538] Example 14

[0539] Example 14 illustrates a schematic diagram of an artificial intelligence or machine learning-based processing system according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 includes a first module, a second module, a third module, a fourth module, and a fifth module.

[0540] In Example 14, the first module sends a first dataset to the second module, the first module sends a second dataset to the third module, the first module sends a third dataset to the fifth module, the fifth module sends a first type of parameter group to the second module, the fifth module sends a second type of parameter group to the third module, the fifth module sends a third type of parameter group to the fourth module, the second module sends a fourth type of parameter group to the fourth module, and the fourth module sends a fifth type of parameter group to the third module.

[0541] As an example, the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module, and the fifth module all belong to the terminal.

[0542] The above method avoids air interface signaling interaction and shortens transmission latency.

[0543] As an example, any one of the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module, and the fifth module does not belong to the terminal.

[0544] The above methods reduce the hardware complexity of the terminal.

[0545] As one embodiment, at least the first module among the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module, and the fifth module belongs to the terminal; and at least one module among the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module, and the fifth module does not belong to the terminal.

[0546] The above method balances the hardware complexity of the terminal with the transmission latency.

[0547] As one example, the first module is used for data collection.

[0548] As an example, the first module is responsible for data collection.

[0549] As an example, the first module has a data collection function.

[0550] As one example, the second module is used for model training.

[0551] As an example, the second module is responsible for model training.

[0552] As an example, the second module has a model training function.

[0553] As an example, the second module performs AI / ML model training.

[0554] As an example, the second module performs validation.

[0555] As an example, the second module performs testing.

[0556] As an example, the second module generates model performance metrics.

[0557] As one example, the second module is responsible for data preparation.

[0558] As one embodiment, the data preparation includes at least one of data pre-processing, cleaning, formatting, or transformation.

[0559] As an example, the third module is used for inference.

[0560] As an example, the third module has reasoning capabilities.

[0561] As an example, the third module is responsible for reasoning.

[0562] As one example, the fourth module is used for model storage.

[0563] As an example, the fourth module has a model storage function.

[0564] As an example, the fourth module is responsible for storing the trained model.

[0565] As an example, the fourth module is responsible for storing trained models that can be used to perform inference processing.

[0566] As one example, the fifth module is used for management.

[0567] As an example, the fifth module is responsible for management.

[0568] As one example, the fifth module has management functions.

[0569] As an example, the first dataset is training data.

[0570] As an example, the second dataset is inference data.

[0571] As an example, the third dataset is monitoring data.

[0572] As an example, the first type of parameter group includes monitoring output.

[0573] As one example, the second type of parameter group includes management instructions.

[0574] As an example, the second type of parameter group is used for fine-tuning operations of the inference function.

[0575] As an example, the second type of parameter group includes the model's identifier.

[0576] As an example, the second type of parameter group is used to select the model.

[0577] As an example, the second type of parameter group is used to switch models.

[0578] As an example, the second type of parameter group is used to activate / deactivate the model.

[0579] As an example, the second type of parameter group is used to fall back from an AI-ML operation to a non-AI-ML operation.

[0580] As an example, the third type of parameter group includes Model Transfer Request.

[0581] As an example, the third type of parameter group includes a Model Delivery Request.

[0582] As an example, the fourth parameter group includes the trained model.

[0583] As an example, the fourth type of parameter group includes the updated model.

[0584] As an example, the fourth type of parameter group indicates the identifier of the model.

[0585] As an example, the fifth group of parameters includes model transfer.

[0586] As an example, the fifth parameter group includes Model Delivery.

[0587] As an example, the fifth group of parameters indicates the identifier of the model.

[0588] As an example, the first type of output includes monitoring output.

[0589] As an example, the first type of output exists.

[0590] As an example, the first type of output does not exist.

[0591] As an example, the second type of output includes inference output.

[0592] As an example, the second type of output is used by the fifth module to monitor the performance of the AI / ML model.

[0593] As an example, the second type of output is used by the fifth module to monitor the performance of the AI / ML function.

[0594] As an example, the second type of output exists.

[0595] As an example, the second type of output does not exist.

[0596] As an example, the artificial intelligence processing system generates or assists in generating at least one of the first service or the first data unit.

[0597] As an example, the fifth module generates or assists in generating at least one of the first service or the first data unit.

[0598] As an example, the third module generates or assists in generating at least one of the first service or the first data unit.

[0599] As one embodiment, the second type of output includes at least one of the first service or the first data unit.

[0600] As an example, at least one of the first dataset or the second dataset includes the first service.

[0601] As an example, at least one of the first dataset or the second dataset includes the first data unit.

[0602] As an example, at least one of the first dataset, the second dataset, or the third dataset includes the first service.

[0603] As an example, at least one of the first dataset, the second dataset, or the third dataset includes the first data unit.

[0604] As an example, Example 14 is only intended to illustrate that this application can be used in an artificial intelligence processing system. This example does not limit the application of this application to non-artificial intelligence processing systems, nor does it limit the application of this application to other types of artificial intelligence processing systems to achieve effects comparable to the artificial intelligence processing system shown in Figure 14.

[0605] Example 15

[0606] Example 15 illustrates a schematic diagram of RAN (Radio Access Network) domain AI / ML function deployment according to one embodiment of this application; as shown in Figure 15. The gNB in ​​Example 15 can be replaced with, for example, an eNB, or a network device such as a 6G base station.

[0607] AI / ML related functions include ML training (also known as AI training, or AI / ML training), ML testing, and ML inference (also known as AI inference, or AI / ML inference), etc. ML training, ML testing, and ML inference functions can be deployed independently or co-located. Deployment of AI / ML related functions can be implemented through software, such as downloading and / or running executable files; or it can be implemented through a combination of software and hardware, such as accelerating specific computing units through hardware to improve computing speed or save power.

[0608] ML training functionality can be deployed in a cross-domain management system or a domain-specific management system; the domain-specific management system is used to manage the RAN domain or the CN (Core Network) domain. For example, ML training functionality for MDA (Management Data Analytics) can be deployed on MDAF (MDA Function); ML training for network data analytics can be deployed on NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function), meaning the ML training functionality is an MTLF (Model Training Logical Function).

[0609] The ML inference function can also be deployed in a cross-domain management system or a domain-specific management system; for example, the ML inference function is MDAF, or the ML inference function is AnLF (Analytics logical function) located in NWDAF.

[0610] Similarly, ML testing capabilities can also be deployed in cross-domain management systems or domain-specific management systems.

[0611] In Example 15, the RAN domain ML training function 1502 is located in the RAN domain management function 1503; while the ML inference function is located in the base station, that is, the AI / ML inference function 1504 is located in gNB 1505, the AI / ML inference function 1506 is located in gNB 1507, and so on.

[0612] In Figure 15, the management of ML inference functions of multiple base stations is completed by RAN domain management function 1503, that is, data interaction with RAN domain MnS (Management Service) consumer / cross-domain management 1501 (as shown by the dashed arrow in Figure 15).

[0613] Optionally, the management of ML inference function can also be completed by the base station itself, that is, each base station can independently interact with the RAN domain MnS consumer / cross-domain management 1501.

[0614] It should be noted that Example 15 is merely a non-limiting implementation; optionally, the ML training function of the RAN domain may also be deployed at the base station; or optionally, some base stations may deploy both the ML inference function and the ML training function of the RAN domain, while some base stations may only deploy the ML inference function.

[0615] As an example, one of the gNBs (or base stations) in Example 2 is the base station described in this application.

[0616] As an example, the first processor includes an AL / ML inference function, namely 1504 or 1506, as shown in Figure 15.

[0617] As an example, the second processor includes an AL / ML inference function, namely 1504 or 1506, as shown in Figure 15.

[0618] As an example, an AL / ML inference function in Figure 15 performs ML training based on the collected first business.

[0619] As an example, one of the AL / ML inference functions in Figure 15 performs ML training based on the collected first data unit.

[0620] Example 16

[0621] Example 16 illustrates a schematic diagram of the deployment of AI / ML functionality in a UE according to one embodiment of this application; as shown in Figure 16. The RAN domain ML training function 1605 in Figure 16 is optional.

[0622] UE function 1604 is deployed in the terminal of this application, and the UE function 1604 includes AI / ML inference function 1606; the AI / ML inference function 1606 uses an ML model (also called an AI model) for inference; an ML model is typically trained before being used for AI / ML inference.

[0623] As an example, the UE function 1604 includes a RAN domain ML training function 1605, which runs training data through an ML model to obtain a relevant loss and adjusts the parameters of the ML model based on the calculated loss; the ML training includes at least one of ML initial training, ML re-training, and reinforcement learning.

[0624] The above embodiments can reduce the complexity of the base station, or save air interface resources caused by reporting training data; however, the above embodiments place high demands on the processing capabilities of the UE side.

[0625] Optionally, the UE function 1604 also includes a CN domain ML training function (not shown in Figure 16).

[0626] Optionally, the UE function 1604 also includes an AI / ML deployment function—not shown in Figure 16—for loading ML models and data.

[0627] As an example, the terminal indicates whether it supports ML training function (RAN domain or CN domain) through capability reporting. The capability reporting is RRC signaling or NAS (Non-Access Stratum) signaling.

[0628] As an example, the ML model and related metadata are loaded by the terminal from a network device or a remote server.

[0629] Optionally, the UE function 1604 is an MnS (Management Service) producer that provides data to the CN domain MnF (Management Function) 1601, and / or the RAN domain MnF 1602, and / or the cross-domain management system 1603 for management or analysis (as shown by double arrow 1607).

[0630] Optionally, the UE function 1604 is an MnS consumer that loads data from the CN domain MnF (Management Function) 1601, and / or the RAN domain MnF 1602, and / or the cross-domain management system 1603 for AI / ML-related management, such as managing data requests, ML model activation, and / or ML training (as shown by double arrow 1607).

[0631] As an example, the first service in this application is obtained through inference by the AI / ML inference function 1606.

[0632] As an example, the first data unit in this application is obtained through inference by the AI / ML inference function 1606.

[0633] As an example, at least one of the first service and the first data unit in this application is obtained through inference by the AI / ML inference function 1606.

[0634] As an example, the first processor includes an AL / ML inference function 1606 in Figure 16.

[0635] As an example, the ML model is based on a neural network.

[0636] As an example, the ML model is based on CNN (Conventional Neural Networks).

[0637] As an example, the ML model is based on ResNet (Deep Residual Networks).

[0638] As an example, the ML model is based on RNN (Recurrent Neural Networks).

[0639] As an example, the ML model is based on an LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) network.

[0640] As an example, the ML model is based on the Transformer architecture.

[0641] Example 17

[0642] Example 17 illustrates a schematic diagram of a processing system based on artificial intelligence or machine learning according to another embodiment of this application; as shown in Figure 17. Figure 17 includes a third processor, a fourth processor, a fifth processor, and a sixth processor.

[0643] In Example 17, the third processor sends a first dataset to the fourth processor and a second dataset to the fifth processor; the fourth processor generates a target first-class parameter set based on the first dataset, and sends the generated target first-class parameter set to the fifth processor; the fifth processor processes the second dataset using the target first-class parameter set to obtain a first-class output, and (optionally) the fifth processor sends the first-class output to the sixth processor. In Figure 17, the first-class feedback and the second-class feedback are optional; the fourth processor includes ML training functionality; the fifth processor includes ML inference functionality.

[0644] As one embodiment, the sixth processor includes ML testing functionality.

[0645] As an example, the sixth processor includes performance monitoring / evaluation of the ML model.

[0646] As an example, the fifth processor sends a first type of feedback to the fourth processor. The first type of feedback is used to trigger the recalculation or update of the target first type of parameter set, that is, to trigger ML initial training or ML retraining.

[0647] As one embodiment, the sixth processor sends a second type of feedback to the third processor, the second type of feedback being used to generate the first dataset or the second dataset, or the second type of feedback being used to trigger the sending of the first dataset or the second dataset.

[0648] As one embodiment, the third processor generates the first dataset and the second dataset based on the measurements.

[0649] As one embodiment, the fifth processor belongs to the terminal, and the sixth processor belongs to the base station.

[0650] As an example, the first type of output includes the first service.

[0651] As an example, the first type of output includes the first data unit.

[0652] As one example, the second dataset includes the first service.

[0653] As one embodiment, the second dataset includes the first data unit.

[0654] As an example, the first dataset includes training data.

[0655] As an example, the fourth processor is used to train an ML model, and the trained model is described by the target first class of parameter sets.

[0656] As one embodiment, the fourth processor belongs to the terminal.

[0657] The above embodiments avoid transmitting the first dataset to the base station.

[0658] As one example, the fourth processor belongs to the base station.

[0659] The above embodiments support joint training and optimize system performance.

[0660] As an example, the fourth processor belongs to the core network.

[0661] The above embodiments support network-wide joint training, further optimizing system performance.

[0662] As an example, the second dataset includes inference data.

[0663] As one embodiment, the fifth processor belongs to the terminal.

[0664] As an example, the fifth processor constructs a model based on the target first type of parameter group, and then inputs the second dataset into the constructed model to obtain the first type of output.

[0665] As an example, the fifth processor generates a recovery dataset based on the first type of output, and the error between the recovery dataset and the second dataset is used to generate the first type of feedback.

[0666] As an example, the first type of feedback is used to reflect the performance of the trained model; when the performance of the trained model fails to meet the requirements, the fourth processing opportunity recalculates the target first type of parameter set.

[0667] As an example, when the error is too large or the update has not been performed for too long, the performance of the trained model is considered to be unsatisfactory.

[0668] As an example, the target first type of parameter group includes one or more of the following: convolution kernel size, number of convolution layers, convolution stride, pooling kernel size, pooling kernel stride, pooling function, activation function, or number of feature maps.

[0669] As an example, the target first type of parameter group includes one or more of the following: convolution kernel, pooling kernel, pooling function, activation function, parameters of pooling function, or parameters of activation function.

[0670] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the above methods can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, hard disk, or optical disk. Optionally, all or part of the steps in the above embodiments can also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Accordingly, each module unit in the above embodiments can be implemented in hardware or in the form of software functional modules. This application is not limited to any specific combination of software and hardware. The user equipment, terminal, and UE in this application include, but are not limited to, drones, communication modules on drones, remote-controlled aircraft, aircraft, small aircraft, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, vehicle-mounted communication devices, wireless sensors, internet cards, IoT terminals, RFID terminals, NB-IoT terminals, MTC (Machine Type Communication) terminals, eMTC (enhanced MTC) terminals, data cards, internet cards, vehicle-mounted communication devices, low-cost mobile phones, low-cost tablets, and other wireless communication devices. The base station or system equipment in this application includes, but is not limited to, macrocell base stations, microcell base stations, home base stations, relay base stations, gNB (NR Node B), TRP (Transmitter Receiver Point), and other wireless communication equipment.

[0671] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method used in a terminal, characterized in that, include: Receive a first RRC message, which configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using a first key; Wherein, at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm; the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm; the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer serve the same service.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first wireless bearer service is a first service, and the second wireless bearer service is a second service. The first service and the second service are different.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first radio bearer is a radio bearer in a first candidate radio bearer set, and the second radio bearer is a radio bearer in a second candidate radio bearer set; the first candidate radio bearer set and the second candidate radio bearer set do not include any identical radio bearers.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one radio bearer in the first candidate radio bearer set may be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling, while any radio bearer in the second candidate radio bearer set may not be used to transmit training and / or inference data and / or signaling.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Process and transmit the first data unit and the second data unit; The first data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the first wireless bearer, and the second data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the second wireless bearer.

9. A terminal, characterized in that, The terminal includes: one or more processors and memory; The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory being used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, the one or more processors invoking the computer instructions to cause the terminal to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A method used in a base station, characterized in that, include: Send a first RRC message, which configures a first radio bearer and a second radio bearer; wherein both the first radio bearer and the second radio bearer are encrypted using a first key; Wherein, at least one of the encryption algorithm or integrity protection algorithm used by the first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer is different.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first encryption algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second encryption algorithm; the first encryption algorithm and the second encryption algorithm are different.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The first RRC message indicates that the first radio bearer uses a first integrity protection algorithm and the second radio bearer uses a second integrity protection algorithm; the first integrity protection algorithm and the second integrity protection algorithm are different.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that, The first wireless bearer and the second wireless bearer serve the same service.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that, The first wireless bearer service is a first service, and the second wireless bearer service is a second service. The first service and the second service are different.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10-14, characterized in that, The first radio bearer is a radio bearer in a first candidate radio bearer set, and the second radio bearer is a radio bearer in a second candidate radio bearer set; the first candidate radio bearer set and the second candidate radio bearer set do not include any identical radio bearers.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, No wireless bearer in the first candidate wireless bearer set is used for AI / ML, and at least one wireless bearer in the second candidate wireless bearer set is dedicated to AI / ML.

17. The method according to any one of claims 10-16, characterized in that, Receive and reverse process the first and second data units; The first data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the first wireless bearer, and the second data unit uses the encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm of the second wireless bearer.

18. A base station, characterized in that, The base station includes: one or more processors and a memory; The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory being used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, the one or more processors invoking the computer instructions to cause the base station to perform the method as described in any one of claims 10-17.

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