Display device and electronic device comprising same

Abstract

Provided are a display device and an electronic device including same. The display device comprises: a substrate; a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the substrate and each including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode; an encapsulation film disposed on the plurality of light-emitting elements; a color filter layer disposed on the encapsulation film; and a first pixel and a second pixel each including the plurality of light-emitting elements. The first electrodes of each of the first pixel and the second pixel include a plurality of concave portions disposed on the upper surface of each of the first electrodes and having a shape that is concave toward the substrate. The pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first pixel is different from the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second pixel.

Description

Display device and electronic device including the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a display device and an electronic device including the same.

[0002] As the information society develops, the demand for display devices for displaying images is increasing in various forms. For example, display devices are being applied to a wide range of electronic devices, such as smartphones, digital cameras, laptop computers, navigation systems, and smart televisions. Display devices may be flat panel display devices, such as Liquid Crystal Display Devices, Field Emission Display Devices, and Organic Light Emitting Display Devices. Among these flat panel display devices, light-emitting display devices include light-emitting elements in which each pixel of the display panel can emit light independently, thereby enabling the display of images without a backlight unit that provides light to the display panel.

[0003] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a display device that minimizes external light reflection diffraction and an electronic device including the same.

[0004] The problems of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned technical problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

[0005] A display device according to one or more embodiments for solving the above problem comprises a substrate, a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the substrate and each comprising a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, a sealing film disposed on each of the plurality of light-emitting elements, a color filter layer disposed on the sealing film, and a first pixel and a second pixel each comprising the plurality of light-emitting elements, wherein the first electrodes of each of the first pixel and the second pixel each comprise a plurality of concave portions disposed on the upper surface of each of the first electrodes and having a shape that is concave toward the substrate, and the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first pixel is different from the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second pixel.

[0006] The plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first pixel may be irregularly arranged on the upper surface of the first electrode of the first pixel, and the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second pixel may be irregularly arranged on the upper surface of the first electrode of the second pixel.

[0007] In each of the first pixel and the second pixel, the upper surface of the first electrode includes a first portion and a second portion having the same area at different locations, and the number of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the first portion may be different from the number of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the second portion.

[0008] In each of the first pixel and the second pixel, the upper surface of the first electrode includes a first portion and a second portion having the same area at different locations, and the average size of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the first portion may be different from the average size of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the second portion.

[0009] The plurality of light-emitting elements within the first pixel may be positioned at the same location as the plurality of light-emitting elements within the second pixel.

[0010] Some of the above plurality of concave portions may overlap at least partially with one another.

[0011] Some of the above plurality of concave parts may have different sizes.

[0012] The maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions mentioned above may be at least twice the minimum value.

[0013] The width of the plurality of concave portions above may be 2㎛ to 6㎛.

[0014] The depth of the plurality of concave portions may be 0.2㎛ to 0.4㎛.

[0015] The plurality of light-emitting elements include a first light-emitting element configured to emit a first color, a second light-emitting element configured to emit a second color, and a third light-emitting element configured to emit a third color, and the range of widths of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element, the range of widths of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second light-emitting element, and the range of widths of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the third light-emitting element may be different from each other.

[0016] The wavelength of the first color light is longer than the wavelength of the second color light, and the wavelength of the second color light is longer than the wavelength of the third color light; the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element is greater than the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second light-emitting element, and the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second light-emitting element may be greater than the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the third light-emitting element.

[0017] The width range of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element may be 3㎛ to 6㎛, the width range of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second light-emitting element may be 2.5㎛ to 5㎛, and the width range of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the third light-emitting element may be 2.2㎛ to 4.4㎛.

[0018] The above-mentioned sealing film comprises a first inorganic sealing film, an organic sealing film, and a second inorganic sealing film, and the refractive index of the organic sealing film may be 1.4 to 1.6.

[0019] The upper surface of the light-emitting layer and the second electrode may each include concave portions formed conformally along the shape of the plurality of concave portions.

[0020] A display device for solving the above problem comprises a substrate, first to third light-emitting elements disposed on the substrate and each comprising a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, and configured to emit different first to third colors, respectively, a sealing film disposed on each of the first to third light-emitting elements, a color filter layer disposed on the sealing film, and a first pixel and a second pixel each comprising the first to third light-emitting elements, wherein the arrangement of the first to third light-emitting elements in the first pixel is the same as the arrangement of the first to third light-emitting elements in the second pixel, and the first electrodes of each of the first to third light-emitting elements in the first pixel and the second pixel each comprise a plurality of concave portions disposed on the upper surface of each of the first electrodes and having a shape that is concave toward the substrate, and the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the first pixel is such that the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the second pixel is such that It is different.

[0021] The plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the first pixel may be irregularly arranged on the upper surface of the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the first pixel, and the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the second pixel may be irregularly arranged on the upper surface of the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the second pixel.

[0022] Some of the above plurality of concave portions may overlap at least partially with one another.

[0023] In each of the first light-emitting element of the first pixel and the second light-emitting element of the second pixel, the upper surface of the first electrode includes a first portion and a second portion having the same area at different locations, and the average size of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the first portion may be different from the average size of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the second portion.

[0024] An electronic device for solving the above problem comprises, in an electronic device including a display device, a substrate, a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the substrate and each comprising a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, a sealing film disposed on the plurality of light-emitting elements, a color filter layer disposed on the sealing film, and a first pixel and a second pixel each comprising the plurality of light-emitting elements, wherein the first electrodes of each of the first pixel and the second pixel each comprise a plurality of concave portions disposed on the upper surface of each of the first electrodes and having a shape that is concave toward the substrate, and the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first pixel is different from the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second pixel.

[0025] According to a display device and an electronic device including the same according to one embodiment of the present invention, external light reflection diffraction phenomena can be minimized.

[0026] The effects according to the embodiments are not limited to those exemplified above, and a wider variety of effects are included in this specification.

[0027] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a display device included in an electronic device according to one or more embodiments.

[0029] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the display device of Figure 2 viewed from the side.

[0030] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the arrangement of pixels and light-emitting regions in a display area of ​​a display device according to one or more embodiments.

[0031] FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the arrangement of a color filter layer on pixels and light-emitting regions of a display device according to one or more embodiments.

[0032] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along X1-X1' of Figure 5.

[0033] Figure 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of area A of Figure 6.

[0034] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the difference in reflection angle according to the depth of the recess of a display device according to one or more embodiments.

[0035] FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a concave region and a non-concave region in a light-emitting area of ​​a display device according to one or more embodiments.

[0036] FIG. 10 is a side view showing an experiment measuring the reflection diffraction characteristics of a display device according to one or more embodiments.

[0037] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a pixel according to a comparative example.

[0038] Figure 12 is a photograph showing the halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to a comparative example.

[0039] Figure 13 is a photograph showing the deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to a comparative example.

[0040] FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a pixel according to the first embodiment.

[0041] FIG. 15 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the first embodiment.

[0042] FIG. 16 is a photograph showing the deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the first embodiment.

[0043] FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a pixel according to a second embodiment.

[0044] FIG. 18 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the second embodiment.

[0045] FIG. 19 is a photograph showing the deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the second embodiment.

[0046] FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a pixel according to a third embodiment.

[0047] FIG. 21 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the third embodiment.

[0048] FIG. 22 is a photograph showing the deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the third embodiment.

[0049] FIG. 23 is a plan view showing a pixel according to the fourth embodiment.

[0050] FIG. 24 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the fourth embodiment.

[0051] FIG. 25 is a photograph showing the deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the fourth embodiment.

[0052] The advantages and features of the present invention and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0053] When an element or layer is referred to as being "on" another element or layer, it includes cases where another layer or element is interposed directly above or in between. Likewise, when referred to as "below," "left," and "right," it includes cases where they are interposed immediately adjacent to another element or where another layer or material is interposed in between. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0054] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various components, it goes without saying that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, it goes without saying that the first component mentioned below may also be the second component within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0055] The features of each of the various embodiments of the present invention may be combined or combined with one another, either partially or wholly, and may technically enable various interlocking and operation. Each embodiment may be implemented independently of one another or may be implemented together in an associated relationship.

[0056] Specific embodiments will be described below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0057] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 1, the electronic device (1) displays a video or a still image. The electronic device (1) may refer to any electronic device that provides a display screen. For example, a television, laptop, monitor, billboard, Internet of Things, mobile phone, smartphone, tablet PC (Personal Computer), electronic watch, smart watch, watch phone, head-mounted display, mobile communication terminal, electronic notebook, e-book, PMP (Portable Multimedia Player), navigation, game console, digital camera, camcorder, etc. that provide a display screen may be included in the electronic device (1).

[0059] The electronic device (1) may include a display device (10) (see FIG. 2) that provides a display screen. Examples of display devices include an inorganic light-emitting diode display device, an organic light-emitting diode display device, a quantum dot light-emitting display device, a plasma display device, a field emission display device, etc. Below, an example of a display device is given in which an organic light-emitting diode display device is applied, but it is not limited thereto, and if the same technical concept is applicable, it can be applied to other display devices.

[0060] The shape of the electronic device (1) can be varied in many ways. For example, the electronic device (1) may have a shape such as a horizontally elongated rectangle, a vertically elongated rectangle, a square, a square with rounded corners (vertices), other polygons, a circle, etc. The shape of the display area (DA) of the electronic device (1) may also be similar to the overall shape of the electronic device (1). In FIG. 1, an electronic device (1) with a rectangular shape having a long length in the second direction (DR2) is exemplified.

[0061] In the illustrated drawing, the first direction (DR1) and the second direction (DR2) each intersect each other as horizontal directions. For example, the first direction (DR1) and the second direction (DR2) may be mutually orthogonal. Additionally, the third direction (DR3) intersects the first direction (DR1) and the second direction (DR2), and may be, for example, an orthogonal vertical direction. Unless otherwise defined, in this specification, the direction indicated by the arrows of the first to third directions (DR1, DR2, DR3) may be referred to as one side, and the opposite direction may be referred to as the other side. Furthermore, in this specification, “up,” “upper side,” “top,” “top,” and “upper surface” refer to the direction in which the arrow of the drawing points among the third direction (DR3) based on the drawing, and “lower,” “lower side,” “lower,” “bottom,” and “lower surface” refer to the direction opposite to the direction in which the arrow of the third direction (DR3) points based on the drawing.

[0062] The electronic device (1) may include a display area (DA) and a non-display area (NDA). The display area (DA) is an area where a screen can be displayed, and the non-display area (NDA) is an area where a screen is not displayed. The display area (DA) may also be referred to as an active area, and the non-display area (NDA) as an inactive area. The display area (DA) may generally occupy the center of the electronic device (1).

[0063] The display area (DA) may include a first display area (DA1), a second display area (DA2), and a third display area (DA3). The second display area (DA2) and the third display area (DA3) are areas where components for adding various functions to the electronic device (1) are placed, and the second display area (DA2) and the third display area (DA3) may correspond to component areas.

[0064] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a display device included in an electronic device according to one or more embodiments.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 2, an electronic device (1) according to one or more embodiments may include a display device (10). The display device (10) may provide a screen displayed on the electronic device (1). The display device (10) may have a planar shape similar to that of the electronic device (1). For example, the display device (10) may have a shape similar to a rectangle having a short side in a first direction (DR1) and a long side in a second direction (DR2). The corner where the short side in the first direction (DR1) and the long side in the second direction (DR2) meet may be formed rounded to have curvature, but is not limited thereto and may be formed at a right angle. The planar shape of the display device (10) is not limited to a rectangle and may be formed similarly to other polygons, circles, or ellipses.

[0066] The display device (10) may include a display panel (100), a display driving unit (200), a circuit board (300), and a touch driving unit (400).

[0067] The display panel (100) may include a main area (MA) and a sub-area (SBA).

[0068] A main area (MA) may include a display area (DA) containing pixels (PX) (see FIG. 4) that display an image, and a non-display area (NDA) disposed around the display area (DA). The display area (DA) may be placed in the center of the main area (MA), and the non-display area (NDA) may surround the display area (DA). The display area (DA) may include a first display area (DA1), a second display area (DA2), and a third display area (DA3). The display area (DA) may emit light from a plurality of light-emitting areas or a plurality of aperture areas. For example, a display panel (100) may include a pixel circuit including switching elements, a pixel defining film defining a light-emitting area or an aperture area, and a self-light emitting element.

[0069] For example, the self-luminous device may include at least one of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) including an organic light-emitting layer, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) including a quantum dot light-emitting layer, an inorganic light-emitting diode (Inorganic LED) including an inorganic semiconductor, and a micro light-emitting diode (Micro LED), but is not limited thereto.

[0070] The non-display area (NDA) may be an outer area of ​​the display area (DA). The non-display area (NDA) may be defined as an edge area of ​​the main area (MA) of the display panel (100). The non-display area (NDA) may include a gate driver (not shown) that supplies gate signals to gate lines, and fan-out lines (not shown) connecting the display driver (200) and the display area (DA).

[0071] The sub-region (SBA) may be an area extending from one side of the main area (MA). The sub-region (SBA) may include a flexible material capable of bending, folding, rolling, etc. For example, when the sub-region (SBA) is bent, the sub-region (SBA) may overlap with the main area (MA) in the thickness direction (third direction (DR3)). The sub-region (SBA) may include a pad portion connected to a display driving unit (200) and a circuit board (300). In another embodiment, the sub-region (SBA) may be omitted, and the display driving unit (200) and the pad portion may be placed in a non-display area (NDA).

[0072] The display driver (200) can output signals and voltages for driving the display panel (100). The display driver (200) can supply data voltages to data lines. The display driver (200) can supply power voltage to power lines and supply gate control signals to the gate driver. The display driver (200) can be formed as an integrated circuit (IC) and mounted on the display panel (100) using a Chip on Glass (COG) method, a Chip on Plastic (COP) method, or an ultrasonic bonding method. For example, the display driver (200) can be placed in a sub-region (SBA) and can be overlapped in the thickness direction with the main region (MA) by bending the sub-region (SBA). As another example, the display driver (200) can be mounted on a circuit board (300).

[0073] The circuit board (300) can be attached to the pad portion of the display panel (100) using an anisotropic conductive film (ACF). The lead lines of the circuit board (300) can be electrically connected to the pad portion of the display panel (100). The circuit board (300) may be a flexible film such as a flexible printed circuit board, a printed circuit board, or a chip-on-film.

[0074] The touch driving unit (400) may be mounted on the circuit board (300). The touch driving unit (400) may be connected to the touch sensing unit of the display panel (100). The touch driving unit (400) may supply a touch driving signal to a plurality of touch electrodes of the touch sensing unit and sense the amount of change in capacitance between the plurality of touch electrodes. For example, the touch driving signal may be a pulse signal having a predetermined frequency. The touch driving unit (400) may calculate whether an input has occurred and the input coordinates based on the amount of change in capacitance between the plurality of touch electrodes. The touch driving unit (400) may be formed as an integrated circuit (IC).

[0075] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the display device of FIG. 2 viewed from the side. FIG. 3 illustrates a state in which a sub-region (SBA) of a display panel (100) in the display device (10) of FIG. 2 is bent.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 3, the display panel (100) may include a display layer (DU), a touch sensing layer (TSU), and a color filter layer (CFL). The display layer (DU) may include a substrate (SUB), a thin film transistor layer (TFTL), a light-emitting element layer (EML), and an encapsulation layer (TFEL).

[0077] The substrate (SUB) may be a base substrate or a base member. The substrate (SUB) may be a flexible substrate capable of bending, folding, rolling, etc. For example, the substrate (SUB) may include a polymer resin such as polyimide (PI), but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the substrate (SUB) may include a glass material or a metal material.

[0078] A thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) may be disposed on a substrate (SUB). The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) may include a plurality of thin-film transistors that constitute a pixel circuit of pixels. The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) may further include gate lines, data lines, power lines, gate control lines, fan-out lines connecting the display driver (200) and the data lines, and lead lines connecting the display driver (200) and the pad portion. Each of the thin-film transistors may include a semiconductor region, a source electrode, a drain electrode, and a gate electrode. For example, if the gate driver is formed on one side of the non-display area (NDA) of the display panel (100), the gate driver may include thin-film transistors.

[0079] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be placed in a display area (DA), a non-display area (NDA), and a sub-area (SBA). The thin-film transistors, gate lines, data lines, and power lines of each pixel of the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be placed in the display area (DA). The gate control lines and fan-out lines of the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be placed in the non-display area (NDA). The lead lines of the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be placed in the sub-area (SBA).

[0080] A light-emitting element layer (EML) may be disposed on a thin-film transistor layer (TFTL). The light-emitting element layer (EML) may include a plurality of light-emitting elements that emit light, including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer, and a pixel defining film that defines pixels. The plurality of light-emitting elements of the light-emitting element layer (EML) may be disposed in a display area (DA).

[0081] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting layer may be an organic light-emitting layer comprising an organic material. The light-emitting layer may include a hole transporting layer, an organic light-emitting layer, and an electron transporting layer. When the first electrode receives a voltage through a thin-film transistor of a thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) and the second electrode receives a cathode voltage, holes and electrons may move to the organic light-emitting layer through the hole transporting layer and the electron transporting layer, respectively, and may combine with each other in the organic light-emitting layer to emit light.

[0082] In another embodiment, the light-emitting element may include a quantum dot light-emitting diode comprising a quantum dot light-emitting layer, an inorganic light-emitting diode comprising an inorganic semiconductor, or a micro light-emitting diode.

[0083] The encapsulation layer (TFEL) can cover the upper surface and side surface of the light-emitting element layer (EML) and can protect the light-emitting element layer (EML). The encapsulation layer (TFEL) may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film for encapsulating the light-emitting element layer (EML).

[0084] A touch sensing layer (TSU) may be disposed on an encapsulation layer (TFEL). The touch sensing layer (TSU) may include a plurality of touch electrodes for detecting a user's touch in a capacitive manner, and touch lines connecting the plurality of touch electrodes to a touch driving unit (400). For example, the touch sensing layer (TSU) may sense a user's touch in a mutual capacitance manner or a self-capacitance manner.

[0085] In another embodiment, the touch sensing layer (TSU) may be disposed on a separate substrate disposed on the display layer (DU). In this case, the substrate supporting the touch sensing layer (TSU) may be a base member that encapsulates the display layer (DU).

[0086] A plurality of touch electrodes of the touch sensing layer (TSU) may be placed in a touch sensor area that overlaps with the display area (DA). Touch lines of the touch sensing layer (TSU) may be placed in a touch peripheral area that overlaps with the non-display area (NDA).

[0087] A color filter layer (CFL) may be disposed on a touch sensing layer (TSU). The color filter layer (CFL) may include a plurality of color filters corresponding to each of a plurality of light-emitting regions. Each of the color filters may selectively transmit light of a specific wavelength and block or absorb light of other wavelengths. The color filter layer (CFL) may absorb a portion of the light entering from outside the display device (10) to reduce reflected light caused by external light. Therefore, the color filter layer (CFL) can prevent color distortion caused by external light reflection.

[0088] Since the color filter layer (CFL) is placed directly on the touch sensing layer (TSU), the display device (10) may not require a separate substrate for the color filter layer (CFL). Therefore, the thickness of the display device (10) may be relatively small.

[0089] In some embodiments, the display device (10) may further include an optical device (500). The optical device (500) may be placed in a second display area (DA2) or a third display area (DA3). The optical device (500) may emit or receive light in the infrared, ultraviolet, and visible light bands. For example, the optical device (500) may be an optical sensor that detects light incident on the display device (10), such as a proximity sensor, an illuminance sensor, and a camera sensor or an image sensor.

[0090] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the arrangement of pixels and light-emitting regions in a display area of ​​a display device according to one or more embodiments.

[0091] Referring to FIG. 4, a display device (10) may include a plurality of pixels (PX) disposed in a display area (DA). The plurality of pixels (PX) may include first to sixth pixels (PX1, PX2, PX3, PX4, PX5, PX6). The first pixel (PX1), the second pixel (PX2), and the third pixel (PX3) may be arranged side by side in a first direction (DR1), and the fourth pixel (PX4), the fifth pixel (PX5), and the sixth pixel (PX6) may be arranged side by side in a first direction (DR1). The first pixel (PX1) and the fourth pixel (PX4) may be arranged side by side in a second direction (DR2), the second pixel (PX2) and the fifth pixel (PX5) may be arranged side by side in a second direction (DR2), and the third pixel (PX3) and the sixth pixel (PX6) may be arranged side by side in a second direction (DR2). Multiple pixels (PX) can be repeatedly arranged in the array of Fig. 4 across the entire front surface of the display area (DA).

[0092] Each of the plurality of pixels (PX) may include a plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). For example, each of the plurality of pixels (PX) may include a first light-emitting region (EA1), a second light-emitting region (EA2), and a third light-emitting region (EA3). A single pixel (PX) may include one first light-emitting region (EA1), one second light-emitting region (EA2), and one third light-emitting region (EA3). However, the number of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) placed in the pixel (PX) may vary in many ways, not limited thereto.

[0093] A single pixel (PX) may include one or more light-emitting elements (ED) (see FIG. 6). In some embodiments, the one or more light-emitting elements (ED) (see FIG. 6) included in a single pixel (PX) may emit the same or different colors. For example, a light-emitting element (ED) (see FIG. 6) placed in a first light-emitting region (EA1) may emit a first red light, a light-emitting element (ED) (see FIG. 6) placed in a second light-emitting region (EA2) may emit a second green light, and a light-emitting element (ED) (see FIG. 6) placed in a third light-emitting region (EA3) may emit a third blue light. However, it is not limited thereto.

[0094] Each light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3) can emit light of various colors. For example, the first light-emitting region (EA1) can emit red light of the first color, the second light-emitting region (EA2) can emit green light of the second color, and the third light-emitting region (EA3) can emit blue light of the third color. However, it is not limited thereto.

[0095] In one or more embodiments, each light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3) of the display device (10) may be a region where the light-emitting layer (EL) (see FIG. 6) overlaps with the pixel electrode (AE) (see FIG. 6). For example, an opening of the pixel defining film (PDL) (see FIG. 6) may correspond to the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). For example, each of the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may be defined by a plurality of openings of the pixel defining film (PDL) (see FIG. 6) of the light-emitting element layer (EML). The first light-emitting region (EA1) may be an area where the light-emitting layer (EL) (see FIG. 6) overlaps with the first pixel electrode (AE1) (see FIG. 6), the second light-emitting region (EA2) may be an area where the light-emitting layer (EL) (see FIG. 6) overlaps with the second pixel electrode (AE2) (see FIG. 6), and the third light-emitting region (EA3) may be an area where the light-emitting layer (EL) (see FIG. 6) overlaps with the third pixel electrode (AE3) (see FIG. 6).

[0096] In some embodiments, a plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may be arranged in a triangular shape. For example, the first light-emitting region (EA1) and the second light-emitting region (EA2) may be arranged side by side in the second direction (DR2), and the third light-emitting region (EA3) may be arranged on one side of the first direction (DR1) with respect to the first light-emitting region (EA1) and the second light-emitting region (EA2), and the third light-emitting region (EA3) may be located between the first light-emitting region (EA1) and the second light-emitting region (EA2) (approximately an intermediate position) in the second direction (DR2). For example, the third light-emitting region (EA3) may be arranged diagonally with respect to the first light-emitting region (EA1) and the second light-emitting region (EA2).

[0097] However, the arrangement of the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) is not limited thereto. For example, the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may be arranged side by side in a first direction (DR1) or a second direction (DR2), or four light-emitting regions may be PentileTM Form and structure (e.g., RGBG matrix, RGBG structure, or RGBG matrix structure, e.g., diamond pixel) TM It may also be arranged in a display device (e.g., an OLED display) comprising red, blue, and green (RGB) light-emitting regions provided in a form or structure, for example, in the form of a diamond. Pentile® and diamond pixels TM is a trademark of Samsung Display. However, it is not limited thereto.

[0098] In one or more embodiments, the area or size of the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may differ from one another. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the area or size of the second light-emitting region (EA2) may be larger than the area or size of the first light-emitting region (EA1) and the area or size of the third light-emitting region (EA3), and the area or size of the first light-emitting region (EA1) may be larger than the area or size of the second light-emitting region (EA2). The intensity of the emitted light may vary depending on the area of ​​each light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3), and the color tone of the screen displayed on the display device (10) or electronic device (1) can be controlled by adjusting the area of ​​each light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3). In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the area of ​​the second light-emitting region (EA2) is shown as the largest, but is not limited thereto. The size and area of ​​each light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3) can be freely adjusted according to the color tone of the screen required in the display device (10) and electronic device (1). In addition, the area of ​​each light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3) is related to light efficiency, the lifespan of the light-emitting element (ED), etc., and may have a trade-off relationship with reflection by external light. The area of ​​each light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3) can be adjusted by taking the above factors into consideration.

[0099] FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the arrangement of a color filter layer on pixels and light-emitting regions of a display device according to one or more embodiments.

[0100] Referring to FIG. 5 in addition to FIG. 4, the display device (10) may include a first light-blocking layer (BM1) and a plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) disposed on a display area (DA).

[0101] The first light-blocking layer (BM1) may be disposed across the entire front surface of the display area (DA). The first light-blocking layer (BM1) may include a plurality of holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) disposed corresponding to a plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3), respectively. The holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1) may each be disposed corresponding to an opening of a pixel defining film (PDL) (see FIG. 6). The first light-blocking layer (BM1) may cover the display area (DA) except for the area where the holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) are disposed in the display area (DA). The holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1) may be areas from which light emitted from the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) is emitted.

[0102] A plurality of holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) may include a first hole (OPT1) overlapping with a first light-emitting region (EA1), a second hole (OPT2) overlapping with a second light-emitting region (EA2), and a third hole (OPT3) overlapping with a third light-emitting region (EA3).

[0103] Each of the multiple holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) may have a planar area larger than the planar area of ​​each of the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). For example, the first hole (OPT1) may have a planar area larger than the first light-emitting region (EA1), the second hole (OPT2) may have a planar area larger than the second light-emitting region (EA2), and the third hole (OPT3) may have a planar area larger than the third light-emitting region (EA3).

[0104] In some embodiments, similar to the arrangement of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3), the holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) may be arranged in a triangular shape. The first hole (OPT1) and the second hole (OPT2) are arranged side by side in the second direction (DR2), and the third hole (OPT3) is arranged on one side of the first direction (DR1) relative to the first hole (OPT1) and the second hole (OPT2), and the third hole (OPT3) may be located between the first hole (OPT1) and the second hole (OPT2) (approximately in the middle) in the second direction (DR2). For example, the third hole (OPT3) may be arranged diagonally relative to the first hole (OPT1) and the second hole (OPT2).

[0105] However, the arrangement of multiple holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) is not limited thereto. For example, multiple holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) may be arranged side by side in a first direction (DR1) or a second direction (DR2), or four holes may be pentile TM Form and structure (e.g., RGBG matrix, RGBG structure, or RGBG matrix structure, e.g., diamond pixel) TM It may also be arranged in a display device (e.g., an OLED display) comprising red, blue, and green (RGB) light-emitting regions provided in a form or structure, for example, in the form of a diamond. Pentile® and diamond pixels TM is a trademark of Samsung Display. However, it is not limited thereto.

[0106] In one or more embodiments, the area of ​​each of the holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1) may differ from one another in a planar area. As described above, the area of ​​each of the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may differ from one another, and accordingly, the size of the holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1) may also differ from one another. For example, the diameter or size of the second hole (OPT2) may be larger than that of the first hole (OPT1) and the third hole (OPT2), and the diameter or size of the first hole (OPT1) may be larger than that of the third hole (OPT3). However, it is not limited thereto.

[0107] Each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can be positioned corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). For example, each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can overlap with the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3).

[0108] Each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can be arranged corresponding to the plurality of holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1). For example, each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can overlap with the plurality of holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1).

[0109] Each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can completely cover the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). Each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can completely cover the plurality of holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1). For example, each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can have an area larger than the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) and the plurality of holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1). Accordingly, each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can completely cover the area where light emitted from the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) is emitted through the plurality of holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1).

[0110] Color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) may include a first color filter (CF1), a second color filter (CF2), and a third color filter (CF3) respectively positioned corresponding to different light emission regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). The color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) may include a colorant, such as a dye or pigment, that absorbs light of a wavelength other than that of a specific wavelength range, and may be positioned corresponding to the color of light emitted by a light-emitting element including the light emission regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). For example, the first color filter (CF1) may be a red color filter positioned to overlap with the first light-emitting region (EA1) and transmit only red first light, the second color filter (CF2) may be a green color filter positioned to overlap with the second light-emitting region (EA2) and transmit only green second light, and the third color filter (CF3) may be a blue color filter positioned to overlap with the third light-emitting region (EA3) and transmit only blue third light.

[0111] In some embodiments, similar to the arrangement of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3), color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) may be arranged in a triangular shape. The first color filter (CF1) and the second color filter (CF2) are arranged side by side in the second direction (DR2), and the third color filter (CF3) is arranged on one side of the first direction (DR1) relative to the first color filter (CF1) and the second color filter (CF2), and the third color filter (CF3) may be located between the first color filter (CF1) and the second color filter (CF2) (approximately in the middle) in the second direction (DR2). For example, the third color filter (CF3) may be arranged diagonally relative to the first color filter (CF1) and the second color filter (CF2).

[0112] However, the arrangement of multiple color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) is not limited thereto. For example, multiple color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) may be arranged side by side in a first direction (DR1) or a second direction (DR2), or four color filters may be arranged in a Pentile configuration TM Form and structure (e.g., RGBG matrix, RGBG structure, or RGBG matrix structure, e.g., diamond pixel) TM It may also be arranged in a display device (e.g., an OLED display) comprising red, blue, and green (RGB) light-emitting regions provided in a form or structure, for example, in the form of a diamond. Pentile® and diamond pixels TM is a trademark of Samsung Display. However, it is not limited thereto.

[0113] In one or more embodiments, each of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) may have different sizes or areas on a plane. As described above, the sizes or areas of each of the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may differ from each other, and accordingly, the sizes or areas on a plane of the plurality of color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) may also differ from each other. For example, the size or area of ​​the second color filter (CF2), which is a green color filter, may be larger than the size or area of ​​the first color filter (CF1), which is a red color filter, and the third color filter (CF3), which is a blue color filter. Additionally, the size or area of ​​the first color filter (CF1) may be larger than the size or area of ​​the third color filter (CF3).

[0114] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along X1-X1' of Figure 5.

[0115] Referring to FIG. 6 in addition to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the display panel (100) of the display device (10) may include a display layer (DU), a touch sensing layer (TSU), a color filter layer (CFL), a passivation layer (PSV1, PSV2), and an overcoat layer (OC). The display layer (DU) may include a substrate (SUB), a thin-film transistor layer (TFTL), a light-emitting element layer (EML), and an encapsulation layer (TFEL). The color filter layer (CFL) may include a first light-blocking layer (BM1) and color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3).

[0116] The substrate (SUB) may be a base substrate or a base member. The substrate (SUB) may be a flexible substrate capable of bending, folding, rolling, etc. For example, the substrate (SUB) may include a polymer resin such as polyimide (PI), but is not limited thereto. As another example, the substrate (SUB) may include a glass material or a metal material.

[0117] The thin film transistor layer (TFTL) may include a first buffer layer (BF1), a lower metal layer (BML), a second buffer layer (BF2), a thin film transistor (TFT), a gate insulating layer (GI), a first interlayer insulating layer (ILD1), a capacitor electrode (CPE), a second interlayer insulating layer (ILD2), a first connecting electrode (CNE1), a first protective layer (PAS1), a second connecting electrode (CNE2), and a second protective layer (PAS2).

[0118] The first buffer layer (BF1) may be disposed on a substrate (SUB). The first buffer layer (BF1) may include an inorganic film capable of preventing the penetration of air or moisture. For example, the first buffer layer (BF1) may include a plurality of inorganic films stacked alternately.

[0119] The lower metal layer (BML) may be disposed on the first buffer layer (BF1). For example, the lower metal layer (BML) may be formed as a single layer or a multilayer composed of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu), or an alloy thereof.

[0120] The second buffer layer (BF2) may cover the first buffer layer (BF1) and the lower metal layer (BML). The second buffer layer (BF2) may include an inorganic film capable of preventing the penetration of air or moisture. For example, the second buffer layer (BF2) may include a plurality of inorganic films stacked alternately.

[0121] A thin-film transistor (TFT) can be placed on a second buffer layer (BF2) and can form a pixel circuit for each of a plurality of pixels. For example, the thin-film transistor (TFT) may be a driving transistor or a switching transistor of a pixel circuit. The thin-film transistor (TFT) may include a semiconductor layer (ACT), a source electrode (SE), a drain electrode (DE), and a gate electrode (GE).

[0122] A semiconductor layer (ACT) may be disposed on a second buffer layer (BF2). The semiconductor layer (ACT) may overlap with the lower metal layer (BML) and the gate electrode (GE) in the thickness direction and may be insulated from the gate electrode (GE) by a gate insulating layer (GI). A portion of the semiconductor layer (ACT) may form a source electrode (SE) and a drain electrode (DE) by making the material of the semiconductor layer (ACT) conductive.

[0123] The gate electrode (GE) can be placed on the gate insulating layer (GI). The gate electrode (GE) can be overlapped with the semiconductor layer (ACT) with the gate insulating layer (GI) in between.

[0124] A gate insulating layer (GI) may be disposed on a semiconductor layer (ACT). For example, the gate insulating layer (GI) may cover the semiconductor layer (ACT) and the second buffer layer (BF2), and may insulate the semiconductor layer (ACT) from the gate electrode (GE). The gate insulating layer (GI) may include a contact hole through which a first connecting electrode (CNE1) passes.

[0125] The first interlayer insulating layer (ILD1) may cover the gate electrode (GE) and the gate insulating layer (GI). The first interlayer insulating layer (ILD1) may include a contact hole through which the first connecting electrode (CNE1) passes. The contact hole of the first interlayer insulating layer (ILD1) may be connected to the contact hole of the gate insulating layer (GI) and the contact hole of the second interlayer insulating layer (ILD2).

[0126] A capacitor electrode (CPE) can be disposed on the first interlayer insulating layer (ILD1). The capacitor electrode (CPE) can overlap with the gate electrode (GE) in the thickness direction. The capacitor electrode (CPE) and the gate electrode (GE) can form a capacitance.

[0127] The second interlayer insulating layer (ILD2) may cover the capacitor electrode (CPE) and the first interlayer insulating layer (ILD1). The second interlayer insulating layer (ILD2) may include a contact hole through which the first connecting electrode (CNE1) passes. The contact hole of the second interlayer insulating layer (ILD2) may be connected to the contact hole of the first interlayer insulating layer (ILD1) and the contact hole of the gate insulating layer (GI).

[0128] The first connecting electrode (CNE1) may be disposed on the second interlayer insulating layer (ILD2). The first connecting electrode (CNE1) may electrically connect the drain electrode (DE) of the thin-film transistor (TFT) and the second connecting electrode (CNE2). The first connecting electrode (CNE1) may be inserted into a contact hole formed in the second interlayer insulating layer (ILD2), the first interlayer insulating layer (ILD1), and the gate insulating layer (GI) to make contact with the drain electrode (DE) of the thin-film transistor (TFT).

[0129] The first protective layer (PAS1) can cover the first connecting electrode (CNE1) and the second interlayer insulating layer (ILD2). The first protective layer (PAS1) can protect the thin-film transistor (TFT). The first protective layer (PAS1) may include a contact hole through which the second connecting electrode (CNE2) passes.

[0130] The second connecting electrode (CNE2) may be disposed on the first protective layer (PAS1). The second connecting electrode (CNE2) may electrically connect the first connecting electrode (CNE1) and the pixel electrode (AE) of the light-emitting element (ED). The second connecting electrode (CNE2) may be inserted into a contact hole formed in the first protective layer (PAS1) and contact the first connecting electrode (CNE1).

[0131] The second protective layer (PAS2) can cover the second connecting electrode (CNE2) and the first protective layer (PAS1). The second protective layer (PAS2) may include a contact hole through which the pixel electrode (AE) of the light-emitting element (ED) passes.

[0132] The light-emitting element layer (EML) may be disposed on the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL). The light-emitting element layer (EML) may include a light-emitting element (ED) and a pixel defining layer (PDL). The light-emitting element (ED) may include a pixel electrode (AE), a light-emitting layer (EL), and a common electrode (CE).

[0133] A pixel electrode (AE) can be disposed on a second protective layer (PAS2). Different pixel electrodes (AE) can each be disposed to overlap with any one of the different openings of a pixel defining film (PDL). The pixel electrode (AE) can be electrically connected to the drain electrode (DE) of a thin-film transistor (TFT) through first and second connecting electrodes (CNE1, CNE2).

[0134] The light-emitting layer (EL) may be placed on the pixel electrode (AE). For example, the light-emitting layer (EL) may be an organic light-emitting layer made of an organic material, but is not limited thereto. When the light-emitting layer (EL) corresponds to an organic light-emitting layer, a thin-film transistor (TFT) applies a predetermined voltage to the pixel electrode (AE) of the light-emitting element (ED), and when the common electrode (CE) of the light-emitting element (ED) receives a common voltage or a cathode voltage, holes and electrons can each move to the light-emitting layer (EL) through the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, and the holes and electrons can combine with each other in the light-emitting layer (EL) to emit light.

[0135] In one or more embodiments, light-emitting layers (ELs) disposed on different pixel electrodes (AEs) may emit light of different colors. For example, a light-emitting layer disposed on a first pixel electrode (AE1) may emit red light of a first color, a light-emitting layer disposed on a second pixel electrode (AE2) may emit green light of a second color, and a light-emitting layer disposed on a third pixel electrode (AE3) may emit blue light of a third color. However, it is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the light-emitting layer (EL) may be disposed as a single layer common to the different pixel electrodes (AEs) and the pixel defining film (PDL), and the light-emitting layer (EL) disposed on the different pixel electrodes (AEs) may emit light of the same color. In this case, the display device (10) may further include a color adjustment layer disposed on the light-emitting elements (EDs).

[0136] A common electrode (CE) can be placed on an emitting layer (EL). For example, the common electrode (CE) can be implemented in the form of an electrode common to all pixels, rather than being separated by multiple pixels. The common electrode (CE) can be placed on the emitting layer (EL) at the pixel electrode (AE), and can be placed on the pixel defining film (PDL) in the area excluding the pixel electrode (AE).

[0137] The common electrode (CE) can receive a common voltage or a low potential voltage. When the pixel electrode (AE) receives a voltage corresponding to the data voltage and the common electrode (CE) receives a low potential voltage, a potential difference is formed between the pixel electrode (AE) and the common electrode (CE), thereby allowing the light-emitting layer (EL) to emit light.

[0138] A pixel defining film (PDL) may be disposed on a portion of a second protective layer (PAS2) and a pixel electrode (AE), including a plurality of openings. Each opening of the pixel defining film (PDL) may expose a portion of the pixel electrode (AE). As described above, each of the openings of the pixel defining film (PDL) may define a first to third light-emitting region, and their area or size may differ from one another. The pixel defining film (PDL) may separate and insulate the pixel electrode (AE) of each of the plurality of light-emitting elements (ED). The pixel defining film (PDL) may include a light-absorbing material to prevent light reflection. For example, the pixel defining film (PDL) may include a polyimide (PI)-based binder and a pigment mixed with red, green, and blue. Alternatively, the pixel defining film (PDL) may include a cardo-based binder resin and a mixture of a lactam-based black pigment and a blue pigment. Alternatively, the pixel definition layer (PDL) may include carbon black.

[0139] The encapsulation layer (TFEL) is disposed on a common electrode (CE) and can cover a plurality of light-emitting elements (ED). The encapsulation layer (TFEL) may include at least one inorganic film to prevent oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element layer (EML). The encapsulation layer (TFEL) may include at least one organic film to protect the light-emitting element layer (EML) from foreign substances such as dust.

[0140] In one or more embodiments, the encapsulation layer (TFEL) may include a first encapsulation layer (TFE1), a second encapsulation layer (TFE2), and a third encapsulation layer (TFE3). The first encapsulation layer (TFE1) and the third encapsulation layer (TFE3) are inorganic encapsulation layers, and the second encapsulation layer (TFE2) disposed between them may be an organic encapsulation layer.

[0141] The first encapsulation layer (TFE1) and the third encapsulation layer (TFE3) may each include one or more inorganic insulating materials. The inorganic insulating materials may include aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride.

[0142] The second encapsulation layer (TFE2) may include a polymer-based material. Polymer-based materials may include acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polyimide, and polyethylene. For example, the second encapsulation layer (TFE2) may include an acrylic resin, such as polymethyl methacrylate or polyacrylic acid. The second encapsulation layer (TFE2) may be formed by curing a monomer or by applying a polymer.

[0143] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the second encapsulation layer (TFE2) may be approximately 1.4 to 1.6. Preferably, the refractive index of the second encapsulation layer (TFE2) may be approximately 1.5. As specified herein, the refractive index refers to the absolute refractive index measured using the D-line (wavelength λ is approximately 589 nanometers (nm) (yellow)) of sodium (or sodium) under ambient temperature and humidity conditions (temperature 20±15°C, humidity 65±20%). For example, as specified herein, the refractive index may be the absolute refractive index measured with respect to a wavelength of 589 nm according to the Cauchy Film Model using a refractive index meter (e.g., Ellipsometer (Ellipsometer M-2000, JA Woollam)) under 25°C and 65% relative humidity.

[0144] A touch sensing layer (TSU) may be disposed on an encapsulation layer (TFEL). The touch sensing layer (TSU) may include a first touch insulating layer (SIL1), a second touch insulating layer (SIL2), a touch electrode (TL), and a third touch insulating layer (SIL3).

[0145] The first touch insulating layer (SIL1) may be disposed on the encapsulation layer (TFEL). The first touch insulating layer (SIL1) may have insulating and optical functions. The first touch insulating layer (SIL1) may include at least one inorganic film. Optionally, the first touch insulating layer (SIL1) may be omitted.

[0146] The second touch insulating layer (SIL2) may cover the first touch insulating layer (SIL1). In one or more embodiments, another layer of touch electrodes may be further disposed on the first touch insulating layer (SIL1), and the second touch insulating layer (SIL2) may cover these touch electrodes (TL). The second touch insulating layer (SIL2) may have insulating and optical functions. For example, the second touch insulating layer (SIL2) may be an inorganic film comprising at least one of a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, and an aluminum oxide layer.

[0147] Some of the touch electrodes (TL) may be placed on the second touch insulating layer (SIL2). Each touch electrode (TL) may not overlap with the pixel electrodes (AE). Each touch electrode (TL) may be formed as a single layer of molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), or indium tin oxide (ITO), or as a stacked structure of aluminum and titanium (Ti / Al / Ti), a stacked structure of aluminum and ITO (ITO / Al / ITO), an APC alloy, and a stacked structure of APC alloy and ITO (ITO / APC / ITO).

[0148] The touch electrode (TL) of the touch sensing layer (TSU) may have a certain line width and be arranged to overlap with the first light-blocking layer (BM1) described later. The first light-blocking layer (BM1) may have a width sufficient to completely cover the touch electrode (TL), and a gap between the edge of the first light-blocking layer (BM1) and the touch electrode (TL) may be defined. The touch electrode (TL) may be arranged so that its center is nearly parallel to the center of the first light-blocking layer (BM1), and the gap from both sides of the touch electrode (TL) to the edge of the first light-blocking layer (BM1) may be nearly constant.

[0149] The third touch insulating layer (SIL3) may cover the touch electrode (TL) and the second touch insulating layer (SIL2). The third touch insulating layer (SIL3) may have insulating and optical functions. The third touch insulating layer (SIL3) may be made of the material exemplified in the second touch insulating layer (SIL2).

[0150] The first light-blocking layer (BM1) may include a light-absorbing material. For example, the first light-blocking layer (BM1) may include an inorganic black pigment or an organic black pigment. The inorganic black pigment may be carbon black, and the organic black pigment may include at least one of lactam black, perylene black, and aniline black, but is not limited thereto.

[0151] The first light-blocking layer (BM1) may be disposed on the third touch insulating layer (SIL3) of the touch sensing layer (TSU). The first light-blocking layer (BM1) may include a plurality of holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) disposed to cover the conductive line of the touch electrode (TL) and overlap with the pixel electrodes (AE). For example, the first hole (OPT1) may be disposed to overlap with the first pixel electrode (AE1), the second hole (OPT2) may be disposed to overlap with the second pixel electrode (AE2), and the third hole (OPT3) may be disposed to overlap with the third pixel electrode (AE3). The area or size of each hole (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) may be larger than the area or size of the pixel electrodes (AE). Additionally, the area or size of each hole (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) can be formed to be larger than the openings of the pixel definition film (PDL), and the light emitted from the light-emitting element (ED) can be seen by the user not only from the front but also from the side of the display device (10).

[0152] Color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can be placed on the first light-blocking layer (BM1). The color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can each be placed corresponding to light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). For example, the first color filter (CF1) can be placed corresponding to the first light-emitting region (EA1), the second color filter (CF2) can be placed corresponding to the second light-emitting region (EA2), and the third color filter (CF3) can be placed corresponding to the third light-emitting region (EA3). The color filters (CF1, CF2, CF3) can be placed corresponding to the holes (OPT1, OPT2, OPT3) of the first light-blocking layer (BM1). For example, a first color filter (CF1) may be positioned corresponding to a first hole (OPT1), a second color filter (CF2) may be positioned corresponding to a second hole (OPT2), and a third color filter (CF3) may be positioned corresponding to a third hole (OPT3).

[0153] Passivation layers (PSV1, PSV2) may be disposed on the first light-blocking layer (BM1) and the color filter layer (CFL). Passivation layers (PSV1, PSV2) may be disposed across the entire front surface of the display area (DA) to flatten the upper surface of the display panel (100). Passivation layers (PSV1, PSV2) may include a first passivation layer (PSV1) disposed on the color filter layer (CFL) and the first light-blocking layer (BM1), and a second passivation layer (PSV2) disposed on the first passivation layer (PSV1). Passivation layers (PSV1, PSV2) may be composed of a plurality of layers to flatten the step difference caused by the color filter layer (CFL) and the first light-blocking layer (BM1).

[0154] The passivation layer (PSV1, PSV2) may be a colorless transparent layer that does not have a color in the visible light band. For example, the passivation layer (PSV1, PSV2) may include a colorless transparent organic material such as an acrylic resin.

[0155] An overcoat layer (OC) may be placed on the passivation layers (PSV1, PSV2). The overcoat layer (OC) may be placed across the entire front surface of the display area (DA) to flatten the upper surface of the display panel (100). The overcoat layer (OC) may be a colorless, transparent layer that does not have a color in the visible light band. For example, the overcoat layer (OC) may include a colorless, transparent organic material such as an acrylic resin.

[0156] The display device (10) according to the present embodiment includes a color filter layer (CFL) so that it can absorb a portion of the light entering from outside the display device (10) and reduce reflected light caused by external light. Therefore, the color filter layer (CFL) can prevent color distortion caused by external light reflection. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide a separate polarizer to reduce external light reflection, the light emission efficiency of the display device (10) can be improved.

[0157] In some embodiments, the display device (10) according to the present embodiment may include a recess (CCV) (see FIG. 7) in the pixel electrode (AE) and the light-emitting stack (EST) (see FIG. 7) including the same in order to minimize the occurrence of external light reflection diffraction by the color filter layer (CFL) and the first light-blocking layer (BM1) in an off-state when not displaying an image. This will be described later with reference to FIG. 7 and the like.

[0158] FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of area A of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the difference in reflection angle according to the depth of the concave portion of a display device according to one or more embodiments. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a concave region and a non-concave region in the light-emitting area of ​​a display device according to one or more embodiments.

[0159] Referring to FIGS. 7 through 9 in addition to FIGS. 4 through 6, the pixel electrode (AE) may include a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) located on one surface of the pixel electrode (AE). For example, the pixel electrode (AE) may include a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) located on the upper surface of the pixel electrode (AE) (e.g., the boundary surface between the pixel electrode (AE) and the light-emitting layer (EL)).

[0160] In some embodiments, as a plurality of recesses (CCVs) are disposed on one side of the pixel electrode (AE), a structure having the same shape as the plurality of recesses (CCVs) may also be disposed on one side of the light-emitting layer (EL), common electrode (CE), and first encapsulation layer (TFE1) disposed on the pixel electrode (AE). For example, recesses formed conformally to the shape of the plurality of recesses (CCVs) disposed on one side of the pixel electrode (AE) may be further disposed on one side of the light-emitting layer (EL), common electrode (CE), and first encapsulation layer (TFE1). The pixel electrode (AE), light-emitting layer (EL), common electrode (CE), and first encapsulation layer (TFE1) having the plurality of recesses (CCVs) and such a structure may be defined as a light-emitting stack (EST). In this case, similar to the pixel electrode (AE), the upper surface of the light-emitting stack (EST) may include a plurality of recesses (CCVs). Since the second encapsulation layer (TFE2) disposed on the light-emitting stack (EST) functions as a planarization film, the upper surface of the second encapsulation layer (TFE2) may not include a concave portion (CCV).

[0161] Multiple concave regions (CCVs) may each have the same or different sizes within a certain range. For example, some of the multiple concave regions (CCVs) may have different sizes, and some of the concave regions (CCVs) may have the same size.

[0162] In this specification, the width or depth of a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) may be collectively referred to as the size of a plurality of concave portions (CCVs). For example, the size of a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) may include both the width and depth of a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) (simultaneously), or may mean either the width or the depth of a plurality of concave portions (CCVs).

[0163] In one or more embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 7, a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) may include a first concave portion (CCV1) and a second concave portion (CCV2). The first width (R1) of the first concave portion (CCV1) may be smaller than the second width (R2) of the second concave portion (CCV2). The first depth (T1) of the first concave portion (CCV1) may be larger than the second depth (T2) of the second concave portion (CCV2).

[0164] However, this is merely illustrative, and the plurality of concave portions (CCV) may include concave portions (CCV) with different widths and depths in addition to the first concave portion (CCV1) and the second concave portion (CCV2). Furthermore, since the widths and depths of the plurality of concave portions (CCV) have arbitrary values ​​within a certain range, some concave portions (CCV) may have the same width and depth.

[0165] As illustrated in FIG. 8, the angle at which reflected light is reflected may vary depending on the width and depth of the plurality of concave portions (CCV). For example, a first light (LGT1) and a second light (LGT2) incident at the same frontal angle may be incident on the first concave portion (CCV1) and the second concave portion (CCV2), respectively. The reflection angle (θ1) of the first light (LGT1) incident on the first concave portion (CCV1) may be different from the reflection angle (θ2) of the second light (LGT2) incident on the second concave portion (CCV2). Since the curvature of the reflection surface varies depending on the width and depth of the plurality of concave portions (CCV), the angle at which reflected light is reflected may vary.

[0166] As the number of lights reflected at different angles increases, the light diffuses over a wider range, thereby minimizing the phenomenon of external light reflection diffraction. For example, as each of the multiple concave regions (CCVs) has a different width and depth, the number of lights reflected at different angles increases, causing the light to diffuse over a wider range and minimizing the phenomenon of external light reflection diffraction.

[0167] A plurality of concave portions (CCVs) may have the same or different widths and depths, but in some embodiments, the range of the widths and depths of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) may be limited depending on the wavelength of light and the refractive index of the upper layer, etc. For example, the width of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) may be approximately 2 micrometers (㎛) to 6㎛. The depth of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) may be approximately 0.2㎛ to 0.4㎛.

[0168] In some embodiments, the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave regions (CCVs) may be at least twice the minimum value. The range of the widths of the plurality of concave regions (CCVs) may be defined according to the following Equation 1. In the following Equation 1, Δx represents the range of the widths of the plurality of concave regions (CCVs), λ represents the wavelength of light, and θ represents the diffraction angle.

[0169] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0170]

[0171] According to the above mathematical formula 1, the diffraction angle θ is proportional to the wavelength λ of light, and since the wavelength of visible light is approximately 380 nm to 780 nm, which is approximately twice, the range of widths Δx of the plurality of concave regions (CCVs) can be approximately twice or more. Accordingly, the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave regions (CCVs) can be at least twice the minimum value.

[0172] In some embodiments, since the width range Δx of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) is affected by the wavelength λ of light, the width range Δx of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) in each of the first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may differ from one another. For example, the width range Δx of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) placed in the first light-emitting region (EA1) emitting red light may be approximately 3 μm to 6 μm, the width range Δx of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) placed in the second light-emitting region (EA2) emitting green light may be approximately 2.5 μm to 5 μm, and the width range Δx of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) placed in the third light-emitting region (EA3) emitting blue light may be approximately 2.2 μm to 4.4 μm.

[0173] In this specification, the term "different range of widths" means that even if some ranges overlap and contain the same value, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the widths are different, so that at least some ranges contain different values. For example, even if the widths of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) in each of the first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may be partially the same, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the widths of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) in each of the first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) are different, so that the width that the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) in one light-emitting region (EA) can have includes a width that the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) in the remaining light-emitting region (EA) cannot have.

[0174] In some embodiments, the depth of the plurality of recesses (CCVs) may be defined according to the following Equation 2. In the following Equation 2, Δφ represents the phase difference, λ represents the wavelength of light, n represents the refractive index of the upper layer, and d represents the depth of the plurality of recesses (CCVs). The coefficient of d, 2, is the value obtained by multiplying the number of round trips as external light is incident on the light-emitting stack (EST) and then reflected out.

[0175] [Mathematical Formula 2]

[0176]

[0177] The phase difference Δφ at which the degree of diffusion of reflected light is maximized may be 2π. Since the wavelength λ of light is the wavelength of visible light, it is approximately 380 nm to 780 nm, and since the refractive index of the second encapsulation layer (TFE2), which is the upper layer of the light-emitting stack (EST), is approximately 1.4 to 1.6, the range of d, which is the depth of the plurality of concave portions (CCV), may be approximately 0.2 μm to 0.4 μm.

[0178] Each pixel (PX) may include multiple concave regions (CCVs) of different patterns. Within a single pixel (PX), each light-emitting region (EA) may include multiple concave regions (CCVs) of different patterns. Within a single light-emitting region (EA), two different parts of the light-emitting region (EA) may include multiple concave regions (CCVs) of different patterns.

[0179] In this specification, the meaning of multiple concave portions (CCVs) of different patterns includes cases where the arrangement of multiple concave portions (CCVs) is different, cases where the size of multiple concave portions (CCVs) is different, or cases where both. The arrangement of multiple concave portions (CCVs) is different means that the multiple concave portions (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly, and the size of multiple concave portions (CCVs) is different means that the size of multiple concave portions (CCVs) is formed non-periodically or irregularly.

[0180] In the following, cases are described separately in which each pixel (PX) includes multiple concave portions (CCV) of different patterns, each light-emitting region (EA) within a single pixel (PX) includes multiple concave portions (CCV) of different patterns, and two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA) within a single light-emitting region (EA) include multiple concave portions (CCV) of different patterns.

[0181] First, each pixel (PX) may include a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) of different patterns. For example, the patterns of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) included in different pixels (PX) may differ from one another. For example, each pixel (PX) may include a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) of different patterns, such as the first to fourth pixels (PX1) illustrated in FIGS. 14, FIGS. 17, FIGS. 20, and FIGS. 23 described later. In particular, the patterns of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) included in the same first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) of each pixel (PX) may differ from one another. Accordingly, external light reflected from the same first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) of each pixel (PX) can be prevented from diffracting from one another.

[0182] For example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a plurality of pixels (PX) may each include a plurality of light-emitting regions (EA). The plurality of light-emitting regions (EA) in the plurality of pixels (PX) may have the same arrangement as each other. For example, the arrangement of the first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) in the first pixel (PX1) may be the same as the arrangement of the first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) in the second pixel (PX2).

[0183] In this way, by including multiple light-emitting regions (EA) in which multiple pixels (PX) are regularly arranged, when external light is reflected from the display device (10), a reflection diffraction pattern described later in FIGS. 12 and FIGS. 13 may be generated. For example, a first light-emitting region (EA1) of a first pixel (PX1) emitting the same color and a first light-emitting region (EA1) of a second pixel (PX2) may cause constructive interference with each other, a second light-emitting region (EA2) of a first pixel (PX1) emitting the same color and a second light-emitting region (EA2) of a second pixel (PX2) may cause constructive interference with each other, and a third light-emitting region (EA3) of a first pixel (PX1) emitting the same color and a third light-emitting region (EA3) of a second pixel (PX2) may cause constructive interference with each other, thereby forming a reflection diffraction pattern shown in FIGS. 12 and FIGS. 13 having a regular pattern.

[0184] The display device (10) according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of concave portions (CCV) of different patterns in each pixel (PX), so that external light reflected from the same first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) of each pixel (PX) is reflected irregularly, thereby minimizing the reflection diffraction phenomenon.

[0185] Next, each light-emitting region (EA) within a single pixel (PX) may include multiple concave portions (CCV) of different patterns. For example, the patterns of the multiple concave portions (CCV) included in each of the different light-emitting regions (EA) within a single pixel (PX) may be different from each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 14 which describes the first pixel (PX1) below, the patterns of the multiple concave portions (CCV) included in the first light-emitting region (EA1) placed within the first pixel (PX1), the patterns of the multiple concave portions (CCV) included in the second light-emitting region (EA2) placed within the first pixel (PX1), and the patterns of the multiple concave portions (CCV) included in the third light-emitting region (EA3) placed within the first pixel (PX1) may be different from each other. Accordingly, external light reflected from the same first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) of each pixel (PX) can be prevented from being separated and diffracted into a specific color.

[0186] For example, as described above with reference to Equations 1 and 2, the first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) are configured to emit light having different wavelengths, so the diffraction angle or phase difference of the external light reflected from each of the first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may be different. In this case, as shown in the reflection diffraction pattern in FIGS. 12 and 13, the external light is separated into colors configured to be emitted by the first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3), and a reflection diffraction pattern having a regular pattern may be formed.

[0187] In the display device (10) according to the present embodiment, each light-emitting region (EA) within a single pixel (PX) includes a plurality of concave portions (CCV) of different patterns, so that external light reflected from each light-emitting region (EA) within a single pixel (PX) is reflected irregularly, thereby minimizing the reflection diffraction phenomenon.

[0188] Next, within a single light-emitting region (EA), two different parts of the light-emitting region (EA) may include multiple concave portions (CCVs) of different patterns. For example, the patterns of multiple concave portions (CCVs) included in two different parts of the light-emitting region (EA) within a single light-emitting region (EA) may be different from each other. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the pattern of multiple concave portions (CCVs) included in the first part of the first light-emitting region (EA1) within the first light-emitting region (EA1) of the first pixel (PX1) may be different from the pattern of multiple concave portions (CCVs) included in the second part of the first light-emitting region (EA1) within the first light-emitting region (EA1) of the first pixel (PX1). The first part and the second part of the first light-emitting region (EA1) refer to any different regions included in the first light-emitting region (EA1).

[0189] In the display device (10) according to the present embodiment, two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA) within a single light-emitting region (EA) include a plurality of concave portions (CCV) of different patterns, so that external light reflected from two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA) within a single light-emitting region (EA) is reflected irregularly, thereby minimizing the reflection diffraction phenomenon.

[0190] In some embodiments, the average value of the width or depth of the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) in a specific area may be used to determine whether the plurality of concave portions (CCVs) having the same or different widths or depths are arranged non-periodically or irregularly between each pixel (PX), between light-emitting regions (EA) within one pixel (PX), or between two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA) within one light-emitting region (EA).

[0191] An example is given in which multiple concave sections (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly between two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA). For example, in the light-emitting region (EA) illustrated as an example in FIG. 9, the light-emitting region (EA) can be divided into four quadrants in a first direction (DR1) and a second direction (DR2), and the average value of the width or depth of multiple concave sections (CCVs) in each quadrant can be measured. When multiple concave sections (CCVs) having the same or different widths or depths are arranged non-periodically or irregularly within the light-emitting region (EA), the average value of the width or depth of multiple concave sections (CCVs) in each quadrant may differ from one another. For example, although the light-emitting region (EA) is divided into four parts, as the number of divisions of the light-emitting region (EA) increases and the numerical values ​​of the average values ​​in each divided area differ from one another, it can be determined that multiple concave regions (CCVs) having the same or different widths or depths are arranged non-periodically or irregularly within the light-emitting region (EA).

[0192] As multiple concave regions (CCVs) are arbitrarily arranged within the light-emitting region (EA), the amount of light reflected at different angles increases, causing the light to spread over a wide range and minimizing external light reflection diffraction.

[0193] Although the case was described using an example where multiple concave regions (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly between two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA) within a single light-emitting region (EA), the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon can be minimized in the same way even when multiple concave regions (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly between each pixel (PX) or between light-emitting regions (EA) within a single pixel (PX).

[0194] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the number of multiple concave portions (CCVs) disposed in a specific area may be used to determine whether multiple concave portions (CCVs) having the same or different widths or depths are arranged non-periodically or irregularly between each pixel (PX), between light-emitting regions (EA) within one pixel (PX), or between two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA) within one light-emitting region (EA).

[0195] An example is given in which multiple concave sections (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly between two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA). For example, in the light-emitting region (EA) illustrated as an example in FIG. 9, the light-emitting region (EA) can be divided into four parts in a first direction (DR1) and a second direction (DR2), and the number of multiple concave sections (CCVs) arranged in each quadrant can be measured. When multiple concave sections (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly within the light-emitting region (EA), the number of multiple concave sections (CCVs) arranged in each quadrant may differ from one another. Although the division of the light-emitting region (EA) into four parts was used as an example, as the number of divisions of the light-emitting region (EA) increases and the number of multiple concave sections (CCVs) arranged in each divided part has different values, it can be determined that multiple concave sections (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly within the light-emitting region (EA).

[0196] However, since multiple concave portions (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly, depending on the location and number of divisions of the light-emitting region (EA), some divided portions may include the same number of multiple concave portions (CCVs). Even if some divided portions include the same number of multiple concave portions (CCVs), the more divided portions there are that have different values ​​for the number of multiple concave portions (CCVs), the more likely it is that the multiple concave portions (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly within the light-emitting region (EA).

[0197] Although the case was described using an example where multiple concave regions (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly between two different parts of a light-emitting region (EA) within a single light-emitting region (EA), the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon can be minimized in the same way even when multiple concave regions (CCVs) are arranged non-periodically or irregularly between each pixel (PX) or between light-emitting regions (EA) within a single pixel (PX).

[0198] In some embodiments, the light-emitting region (EA) may include a concave region (CCA) in which a concave portion (CCV) is disposed on a plane and a non-concave region (NCA) in which a concave portion (CCV) is not disposed. The larger the area of ​​the concave region (CCA) relative to the total area of ​​the light-emitting region (EA), the more diverse the diffusion range of the reflected light becomes, thereby minimizing the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon. The area of ​​the concave region (CCA) relative to the total area of ​​the light-emitting region (EA) can be defined as a fill factor, and the larger the fill factor value, the more diverse the diffusion range of the reflected light becomes, thereby minimizing the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon.

[0199] In some embodiments, to increase the fill factor value, a plurality of concave portions (CCVs) may overlap each other at least partially on a plane. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the first concave portion (CCV1), the second concave portion (CCV2), and the third concave portion (CCV3) may each be circular or elliptical, and the centers of the first concave portion (CCV1), the second concave portion (CCV2), and the third concave portion (CCV3) may be located at different places. Nevertheless, the width of the first concave portion (CCV1), the second concave portion (CCV2), and the third concave portion (CCV3) may be greater than the distance between the centers of the first concave portion (CCV1), the second concave portion (CCV2), and the third concave portion (CCV3), so that the first concave portion (CCV1), the second concave portion (CCV2), and the third concave portion (CCV3) may overlap each other at least partially on a plane.

[0200] FIG. 10 is a side view showing an experiment measuring the reflection diffraction characteristics of a display device according to one or more embodiments. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a pixel according to a comparative embodiment. FIG. 12 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to a comparative embodiment. FIG. 13 is a photograph showing a deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to a comparative embodiment. FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a pixel according to a first embodiment. FIG. 15 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to a first embodiment. FIG. 16 is a photograph showing a deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to a first embodiment. FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a pixel according to a second embodiment. FIG. 18 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to a second embodiment. FIG. 19 is a photograph showing a deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to a second embodiment. FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a pixel according to a third embodiment. FIG. 21 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the third embodiment. FIG. 22 is a photograph showing a deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the third embodiment. FIG. 23 is a plan view showing a pixel according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 24 is a photograph showing a halo pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 25 is a photograph showing a deflection pattern among the reflection diffraction characteristics of a pixel according to the fourth embodiment.

[0201] Referring to FIGS. 10 to 25 in addition to FIGS. 5 to 7, an experiment to measure the reflection diffraction characteristics of a display device (10) can be performed by irradiating light onto the display device (10). For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a light source head (HD) can irradiate a light source with a diameter (a1) of approximately 0.1 centimeters (cm) onto the display device (10) from a certain distance (d1). The surface on which the light source is incident may be the light-emitting surface of the display device (10).

[0202] Depending on the distance (d1) between the light source head (HD) and the display device (10), the type of pattern generated by reflection diffraction may differ. For example, when the distance (d1) is approximately 10 cm, the type of pattern generated may be a halo pattern, and when the distance (d1) is approximately 30 cm, the type of pattern generated may be a diffraction pattern. The halo pattern may be the patterns shown in FIG. 12, FIG. 15, FIG. 18, FIG. 21, and FIG. 24, and the diffraction pattern may be the patterns shown in FIG. 13, FIG. 16, FIG. 19, FIG. 22, and FIG. 25.

[0203] As illustrated in FIG. 11, the pixel (PX0) of the display device (10) according to the comparative embodiment may not include a recess (CCV) within the light-emitting regions (EA). If the recess (CCV) is not included, diffraction may occur as the light source is reflected from the upper surface of the light-emitting stack (EST) or the upper surface of the pixel electrode (AE).

[0204] For example, as pixels (PX0) of a display device (10) according to a comparative example are repeatedly arranged over the entire display area (DA), first to third light-emitting areas (EA1, EA2, EA3) are regularly arranged, and the external light reflected from each light-emitting area (EA) can form a reflection diffraction pattern having a regular pattern by separating colors according to wavelength or causing constructive interference between lights of the same wavelength.

[0205] As a result, as shown in FIG. 12, the halo pattern (HLO0) of the display device (10) according to the comparative embodiment may have a shape in which concentric circles of different colors extend outward from the center. For example, due to the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon, the colors of the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may be separated to create a repeating ring-shaped pattern.

[0206] Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 13, a phenomenon of color separation may occur in the deflection pattern (DFF0) of the display device (10) according to the comparative embodiment. For example, the deflection pattern (DFF0) of the display device (10) according to the comparative embodiment may be separated into a first color portion (DFFR), a second color portion (DFFG), and a third color portion (DFFB).

[0207] On the other hand, as illustrated in FIG. 14, a pixel (PX1) of a display device (10) according to the first embodiment may include concave portions (CCVs) within light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). The depth of the concave portion (CCV) included in the pixel (PX1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment may be approximately 0.4 μm, and the width may be approximately 3 μm to 6 μm. For example, the depth of the concave portion (CCV) in the pixel (PX1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment may be constant at approximately 0.4 μm. The width of the concave portion (CCV) in the pixel (PX1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment may have any value between approximately 3 μm and 6 μm, regardless of the type of light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3).

[0208] In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 15, the halo pattern (HLO1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment may have a hazy, blurred shape with a concentric or ring-shaped pattern. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 16, the phenomenon of color separation in the deflection pattern (DFF1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment may be minimized. For example, a separation pattern such as the third color portion (DFFB) of the deflection pattern (DFF0) of the display device (10) according to the comparative embodiment may not occur, nor may a clearly separated separation pattern such as the first color portion (DFFR) and the second color portion (DFFG) of the display device (10) according to the comparative embodiment occur. For example, the pixel (PX1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment may further include concave portions (CCV) within the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) to minimize the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon.

[0209] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 17, a pixel (PX2) of a display device (10) according to the second embodiment may also include concave portions (CCVs) within light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). The depth of the concave portion (CCV) included in the pixel (PX2) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment may be approximately 0.2 μm to 0.4 μm, and the width may be approximately 3 μm to 6 μm. For example, the depth of the concave portion (CCV) in the pixel (PX1) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment may have any value between approximately 0.2 μm and 0.4 μm. The width of the concave portion (CCV) in the pixel (PX1) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment may have any value between approximately 3 μm and 6 μm, regardless of the type of light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3). The pixel (PX2) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment may have a more diverse distribution of depths of the concave portion (CCV) than the pixel (PX1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment.

[0210] In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 18, the halo pattern (HLO2) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment may have a more indistinct concentric or ring-shaped pattern than the halo pattern (HLO1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment. In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 19, the deflection pattern (DFF2) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment may have a more hazy shape than the deflection pattern (DFF1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment. For example, the pixel (PX2) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment may have a variety of depths of the concave portions (CCV), thereby varying the degree and direction of diffusion of reflected light, which can further minimize the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon.

[0211] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 20, the pixel (PX3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may also include concave portions (CCVs) within the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). The depth of the concave portion (CCV) included in the pixel (PX3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may be approximately 0.4 μm, and the width may be approximately 2 μm to 6 μm. For example, the depth of the concave portion (CCV) in the pixel (PX3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may be constant at approximately 0.4 μm. The width of the concave portion (CCV) in the pixel (PX3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may vary depending on the type of light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3). For example, in a pixel (PX3) of a display device (10) according to the third embodiment, the width of the concave portion (CCV) of the first light-emitting region (EA1) may have any value between approximately 3 μm and 6 μm, the width of the concave portion (CCV) of the second light-emitting region (EA2) may have any value between approximately 2.5 μm and 5 μm, and the width of the concave portion (CCV) of the third light-emitting region (EA3) may have any value between approximately 2.2 μm and 4.4 μm. The pixel (PX3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may have a more diverse distribution of the width of the concave portion (CCV) than the pixel (PX1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment. For example, the pixel (PX3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may have a different range of widths of the concave portion (CCV) by considering the wavelength of light emitted in each of the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3).

[0212] In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 21, the halo pattern (HLO3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may have a more indistinct concentric or ring-shaped pattern than the halo pattern (HLO1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 22, the deflection pattern (DFF3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may have a more hazy shape than the deflection pattern (DFF1) of the display device (10) according to the first embodiment. For example, the pixel (PX3) of the display device (10) according to the third embodiment may have a different distribution of the width of the concave portion (CCV) depending on the type of light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3), thereby causing the diffraction angle of the reflected light to differ, which can further minimize the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon.

[0213] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 23, a pixel (PX4) of a display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may also include concave portions (CCVs) within light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). The depth of the concave portion (CCV) included in the pixel (PX4) of the display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may be approximately 0.2 μm to 0.4 μm, and the width may be approximately 2 μm to 6 μm. For example, the depth of the concave portion (CCV) in the pixel (PX4) of the display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may have any value between approximately 0.2 μm and 0.4 μm. The width of the concave portion (CCV) in the pixel (PX4) of the display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may vary depending on the type of light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3). For example, in a pixel (PX4) of a display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment, the width of the concave portion (CCV) of the first light-emitting region (EA1) may have any value between approximately 3 μm and 6 μm, the width of the concave portion (CCV) of the second light-emitting region (EA2) may have any value between approximately 2.5 μm and 5 μm, and the width of the concave portion (CCV) of the third light-emitting region (EA3) may have any value between approximately 2.2 μm and 4.4 μm. The pixel (PX4) of the display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may have a more diverse distribution of the width of the concave portion (CCV) than the pixel (PX2) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment. For example, the pixel (PX4) of the display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may have a different range of widths of the concave portion (CCV) by considering the wavelength of light emitted in each of the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3).

[0214] In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 24, the halo pattern (HLO4) of the display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may have a more indistinct concentric or ring-shaped pattern than the halo pattern (HLO2) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 25, the deflection pattern (DFF4) of the display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may have a more hazy shape than the deflection pattern (DFF2) of the display device (10) according to the second embodiment. For example, the pixel (PX4) of the display device (10) according to the fourth embodiment may have a different distribution of the width of the concave portion (CCV) depending on the type of light-emitting region (EA1, EA2, EA3), thereby causing the diffraction angle of the reflected light to differ, which can further minimize the external light reflection diffraction phenomenon.

[0215] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical concept or essential features thereof. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive.

Claims

1. Substrate; A plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the substrate and each comprising a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode; A sealing film disposed on each of the plurality of light-emitting elements; A color filter layer disposed on the above-mentioned sealing film; and A first pixel and a second pixel, each comprising the plurality of light-emitting elements mentioned above, The first electrodes of each of the first pixel and the second pixel each include a plurality of concave portions disposed on the upper surface of each of the first electrodes and having a shape that is concave toward the substrate. A display device in which the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first pixel is different from the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second pixel.

2. In Paragraph 1, The plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first pixel are irregularly arranged on the upper surface of the first electrode of the first pixel, and A display device in which the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second pixel are irregularly arranged on the upper surface of the first electrode of the second pixel.

3. In Paragraph 2, In each of the first pixel and the second pixel, The upper surface of the first electrode comprises a first portion and a second portion having the same area at different locations, respectively, and A display device in which the number of the plurality of concave portions arranged in the first portion is different from the number of the plurality of concave portions arranged in the second portion.

4. In Paragraph 2, In each of the first pixel and the second pixel, The upper surface of the first electrode comprises a first portion and a second portion having the same area at different locations, A display device in which the average size of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the first portion is different from the average size of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the second portion.

5. In Paragraph 1, A display device in which the plurality of light-emitting elements within the first pixel are positioned at the same location as the plurality of light-emitting elements within the second pixel.

6. In Paragraph 1, A display device in which some of the plurality of concave portions overlap at least partially with each other.

7. In Paragraph 1, A display device in which some of the plurality of concave portions have different sizes.

8. In Paragraph 7, A display device in which the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions is at least twice the minimum value.

9. In Paragraph 7, A display device in which the width of the plurality of concave portions is 2㎛ to 6㎛.

10. In Paragraph 7, A display device in which the depth of the plurality of concave portions is 0.2㎛ to 0.4㎛.

11. In Paragraph 1, The plurality of light-emitting elements include a first light-emitting element configured to emit a first color, a second light-emitting element configured to emit a second color, and a third light-emitting element configured to emit a third color. The range of widths of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element, the range of widths of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second light-emitting element, and the range of widths of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the third light-emitting element are different from each other.

12. In Paragraph 11, The wavelength of the first color light is longer than the wavelength of the second color light, and The wavelength of the second color light is longer than the wavelength of the third color light, and The maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element is greater than the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second light-emitting element, and A display device in which the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second light-emitting element is greater than the maximum value of the width of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the third light-emitting element.

13. In Paragraph 11, The width range of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element is 3㎛ to 6㎛, and The width range of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second light-emitting element is 2.5㎛ to 5㎛, and A display device in which the width range of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the third light-emitting element is 2.2㎛ to 4.4㎛.

14. In Paragraph 1, The above-mentioned sealing film comprises a first inorganic sealing film, an organic sealing film, and a second inorganic sealing film, and A display device in which the refractive index of the above organic encapsulation film is 1.4 to 1.

6.

15. In Paragraph 1, A display device comprising concave portions formed conformally along the shape of the plurality of concave portions, wherein the upper surface of the light-emitting layer and the second electrode each include concave portions.

16. Substrate; First to third light-emitting elements disposed on the substrate and each comprising a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, and configured to emit different first to third colors, respectively; A sealing film disposed on each of the first to third light-emitting elements; A color filter layer disposed on the above-mentioned sealing film; and A first pixel and a second pixel, each comprising the first to third light-emitting elements, respectively, and The arrangement of the first to third light-emitting elements in the first pixel is the same as the arrangement of the first to third light-emitting elements in the second pixel, and The first electrodes of each of the first to third light-emitting elements of each of the first pixel and the second pixel each include a plurality of concave portions disposed on the upper surface of each of the first electrodes and having a shape that is concave toward the substrate. A display device in which the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the first pixel is different from the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the second pixel.

17. In Paragraph 16, The plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the first pixel are irregularly arranged on the upper surface of the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the first pixel, and A display device in which the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the second pixel are irregularly arranged on the upper surface of the first electrode of the first light-emitting element of the second pixel.

18. In Paragraph 16, A display device in which some of the plurality of concave portions overlap at least partially with each other.

19. In Paragraph 16, In each of the first light-emitting element of the first pixel and the second light-emitting element of the second pixel, The upper surface of the first electrode comprises a first portion and a second portion having the same area at different locations, A display device in which the average size of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the first portion is different from the average size of the plurality of concave portions disposed in the second portion.

20. In an electronic device including a display device, Substrate; A plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the substrate and each comprising a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode; A sealing film disposed on the plurality of light-emitting elements; A color filter layer disposed on the above-mentioned sealing film; and A first pixel and a second pixel, each comprising the plurality of light-emitting elements mentioned above, The first electrodes of each of the first pixel and the second pixel each include a plurality of concave portions disposed on the upper surface of each of the first electrodes and having a shape that is concave toward the substrate. An electronic device in which the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the first pixel is different from the pattern of the plurality of concave portions included in the first electrode of the second pixel.

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