Resonator, filter, radio frequency module and communication apparatus

Abstract

A resonator, a filter, a radio frequency module and a communication apparatus, relating to the technical field of communications. The resonator comprises a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, a dielectric layer, and a waveguide structure. The first conductor layer and the second conductor layer jointly construct a relatively closed chamber. The dielectric layer fixes the waveguide structure between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer, so that the waveguide structure is located in the chamber constructed by the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer, thereby reducing transmission loss during transmission of signals at the waveguide structure. The waveguide structure comprises at least two waveguide portions, so that the waveguide structure can transmit signals in at least two modes. The resonator can achieve multiple modes in one chamber, thereby achieving the characteristics of miniaturization, low loss and high selectivity of resonators.

Description

Resonators, filters, RF modules and communication devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411508493.X, filed on October 26, 2024, entitled "Resonator, Filter, Radio Frequency Module and Communication Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a resonator, filter, radio frequency module and communication device. Background Technology

[0003] With the rapid development of communication technology, the requirements for signal bandwidth and transmission rate are increasing day by day. As one of the key components of communication technology, the performance of filters directly affects the quality of the entire system. Filters need to meet the standards of miniaturization, low loss and high selectivity, and also be able to adapt to wider signal transmission bandwidth.

[0004] Multilayer waveguide filters typically consist of two parallel metal plates. These plates form a relatively enclosed cavity, reducing signal transmission loss. The stacked structure of the multilayer waveguide filter simplifies fabrication and facilitates miniaturization. However, the relatively fixed transmission modes of multilayer waveguides mean that they are usually implemented using single-mode resonators, making it difficult to achieve a wide signal transmission bandwidth. Increasing the number of single-mode resonators and combining multiple resonators increases the filter's size, hindering miniaturization. Constructing a multimode resonator allows for multiple modes to resonate within a single cavity, enabling some miniaturization. However, multimode resonator filters are prone to signal interference between different resonant modes and have poor isolation between frequency bands, resulting in poor signal controllability and failing to meet high-performance requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a resonator, filter, radio frequency module, and communication device. The resonator constructs a relatively closed cavity by setting a first conductor layer and a second conductor layer. A waveguide structure is located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. The waveguide structure includes at least two waveguide sections, and the signals transmitted by the at least two waveguide sections are in different modes, so that multiple modes of resonance can be realized in one cavity. This is beneficial to achieving miniaturization, low loss, and high selectivity of the resonator.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a resonator comprising a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, a dielectric layer, and a waveguide structure. The first conductor layer and the second conductor layer are respectively located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer in a first direction. The dielectric layer fixes the waveguide structure, which is located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer, and is spaced apart from both the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. The waveguide structure includes at least two waveguide sections with equal electrical lengths, and the potentials of the at least two waveguide sections, the first conductor layer, and the second conductor layer are equal.

[0007] This application provides a resonator comprising a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, a dielectric layer, and a waveguide structure. The first and second conductor layers are located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer in a first direction, forming a relatively enclosed cavity. The dielectric layer fixes the waveguide structure, positioning it between the first and second conductor layers. The waveguide structure is spaced apart from both the first and second conductor layers, ensuring it remains within the cavity. This reduces signal transmission loss at the waveguide structure and guarantees normal signal transmission, preventing short circuits caused by contact between the waveguide structure and either the first or second conductor layer. Furthermore, the sequential arrangement of the second conductor layer, dielectric layer, waveguide structure, and first conductor layer in the first direction constructs a multilayer board waveguide resonator, simplifying the fabrication process and enhancing structural controllability, thus facilitating the miniaturization and thinning of the resonator.

[0008] The waveguide structure includes at least two waveguide sections, each used to transmit a single-mode signal. This allows the waveguide structure to transmit at least two modes of signal. Since the waveguide structure is located within a single cavity constructed from the first and second conductor layers, at least two modes of resonance can be achieved within this single cavity. The resonator can achieve multi-mode operation within a single cavity, which is beneficial for miniaturization. The resonator can achieve resonance in at least two modes and also provides a wide signal transmission bandwidth with minimal signal interference between the various resonance modes, resulting in good controllability and selectivity. Therefore, the resonator provided in this application simultaneously meets the standards of miniaturization, low loss, and high selectivity, and can also adapt to a wider signal transmission bandwidth.

[0009] In one possible implementation, both waveguide sections extend along the bending direction. By extending both waveguide sections along the bending direction, the structure of the waveguide sections is folded, resulting in a more compact overall structure, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the resonator.

[0010] In one possible implementation, one end of the at least two waveguides is connected at a center point, and the at least two waveguides only contact each other at the center point, which is electrically connected to at least one of the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. By connecting one end of the at least two waveguides at the center point, and electrically connecting the center point to at least one of the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer, the connection structure between the at least two waveguides and the first conductor layer and / or the second conductor layer is simplified, avoiding excessive space occupation by the connection structure, thereby achieving miniaturization of the resonator. By ensuring that the at least two waveguides only contact each other at the center point, the stability of the electrical length of the at least two waveguides is guaranteed, preventing interference to signal transmission caused by one waveguide contacting another waveguide in an area outside the center point.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the at least two waveguides are symmetrical about the center point. By making the at least two waveguides symmetrical about the center point, it is advantageous to ensure that the electrical lengths of the at least two waveguides are equal, and that the at least two waveguides only contact each other at the center point; simultaneously, the at least two waveguides have a large spacing between their ends furthest from the center point, providing space for the arrangement of other structures in the resonator and simplifying the resonator's structural design.

[0012] In one possible implementation, both of the at least two waveguides extend along a helix, with the center point located at the center of the helix. By having both of the at least two waveguides extend along a helix with the center point located at the center of the helix, the shapes of the at least two waveguides have a large degree of folding, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the waveguide structure. Furthermore, the at least two waveguides can better avoid contact in areas outside the center point, which helps to ensure the stability of the electrical length of the at least two waveguides.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the waveguide structure has a first connection hole at its center point, and the resonator further includes a first connector passing through the first connection hole. The first connector is electrically connected to the waveguide structure and to at least one of the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. By having the waveguide structure have a first connection hole at its center point, and the resonator further includes a first connector passing through the first connection hole, electrically connected to the waveguide structure, and electrically connected to at least one of the first and second conductor layers, the first connector can protrude relative to the waveguide structure in a first direction. This helps to ensure that the waveguide structure is spaced apart from the first and second conductor layers, achieving electrical connection between the waveguide structure and the first and / or second conductor layers, while simultaneously preventing short circuits between the waveguide structure and the first or second conductor layer.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the resonator further includes a second connector, which is spaced apart from the waveguide structure. The second connector is electrically connected to both the first and second conductor layers. By including a second connector in the resonator, and ensuring that the second connector and the waveguide structure are spaced apart, and that the second connector is electrically connected to both the first and second conductor layers, it is beneficial to ensure that the potentials of the first and second conductor layers are equal, and to avoid interference with signal transmission when the waveguide comes into contact with the second connector.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the dielectric layer has a second connecting hole, which is spaced apart from the waveguide structure. The second connector passes through the second connecting hole and connects to both the first and second conductor layers. By having the dielectric layer have a second connecting hole, and the second connecting hole and the waveguide structure are spaced apart, and the second connector passes through the second connecting hole to connect to both the first and second conductor layers, it is beneficial to shorten the length of the second connector, thereby achieving miniaturization of the resonator. The interlocking and fixed second connector and the second connecting hole also help ensure the stability of the position of the second connector.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the number of second connecting holes is at least two, and the at least two second connecting holes are spaced apart around the waveguide structure, with each second connecting hole and each second connector corresponding to the other. By having at least two second connecting holes, spaced apart around the waveguide structure, and with each second connecting hole and second connector corresponding to the other, the first conductor layer, the second conductor layer, and the at least two second connectors together construct a relatively enclosed cavity. Furthermore, the at least two second connectors enhance the enclosedness of this cavity, further reducing signal radiation loss and ensuring low transmission loss when the signal is transmitted through the waveguide structure.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the resonator further includes a third connector, which is fixed by the dielectric layer. The third connector is located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer, and is spaced apart from the first conductor layer, the second conductor layer, and the waveguide structure. The third connector surrounds the waveguide structure, and the second connector and the third connector are electrically connected. By including a third connector in the resonator, fixing it with the dielectric layer, positioning it between the first and second conductor layers, and spaced apart from the first, second, and waveguide structures, and surrounding the waveguide structure, the resonator reduces the length of the second connector, simplifies its placement, and ensures the reliability of the electrical connection between the second connector and the first and second conductor layers.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the dielectric layer includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is located on one side of the second dielectric layer in the first direction. The waveguide structure is located between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The first conductor layer is located on the side of the first dielectric layer away from the waveguide structure, and the second conductor layer is located on the side of the second dielectric layer away from the waveguide structure. By including a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, with the first dielectric layer located on one side of the second dielectric layer in the first direction, the waveguide structure located between the first and second dielectric layers, the first conductor layer located on the side of the first dielectric layer away from the waveguide structure, and the second conductor layer located on the side of the second dielectric layer away from the waveguide structure, it is ensured that the waveguide structure is spaced apart from both the first and second conductor layers, avoiding short circuits between the waveguide structure and either the first or second conductor layer. Simultaneously, the first dielectric layer can be used to fix the first conductor layer, and the second dielectric layer can be used to fix the second conductor layer, which helps ensure the structural and positional stability of the first and second conductor layers.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the at least two waveguides are located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the first dielectric layer, the waveguide structure, and the second dielectric layer are stacked sequentially. By arranging at least two waveguides on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction, and stacking the first dielectric layer, the waveguide structure, and the second dielectric layer sequentially, it is beneficial to reduce the overall thickness of the first dielectric layer, the waveguide structure, and the second dielectric layer, thereby achieving a thinner and smaller resonator.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the surface of the first dielectric layer facing the second dielectric layer has a first groove, and at least a portion of the waveguide structure is located within the first groove. By having the surface of the first dielectric layer facing the second dielectric layer have a first groove, and at least a portion of the waveguide structure is located within the first groove, a portion of the first dielectric layer between the first conductor layer and the waveguide structure is replaced with air. This helps to reduce signal transmission loss between the waveguide structure and the first conductor layer, and improves the signal transmission performance of the waveguide structure.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the surface of the second dielectric layer facing the first dielectric layer has a second groove. The dielectric layer further includes a third dielectric layer located between the first and second dielectric layers. The first and second grooves are located on opposite sides of the third dielectric layer in the first direction, and the third dielectric layer fixes the waveguide structure. By having the second groove on the surface of the second dielectric layer facing the first dielectric layer, and by including a third dielectric layer between the first and second dielectric layers, with the first and second grooves located on opposite sides of the third dielectric layer in the first direction, and by fixing the waveguide structure with the third dielectric layer, the stability of the waveguide structure's structure and position is ensured. Simultaneously, replacing a portion of the first dielectric layer between the first conductor layer and the waveguide structure with air, and replacing a portion of the second dielectric layer between the second conductor layer and the waveguide structure with air, reduces signal transmission loss between the waveguide structure and the first and second conductor layers, improving the signal transmission performance of the waveguide structure.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the resonator further includes a first electrode and a second electrode, both located between the first and second conductor layers. The first electrode is connected to the end of the waveguide, and the first electrode and the waveguide are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second electrode and the first electrode form a capacitor, and the potential of the second electrode is equal to that of the first conductor layer. By including a first electrode and a second electrode in the resonator, both located between the first and second conductor layers, the first electrode connected to the end of the waveguide, the first electrode and the waveguide being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the second electrode and the first electrode forming a capacitor, and the potential of the second electrode being equal to that of the first conductor layer, the first electrode and the second electrode form a capacitive coupling port of the waveguide structure. The signal is fed into the waveguide structure from the capacitive coupling port formed by the first and second electrodes, which helps to reduce the signal feed loss and thus reduce the signal transmission loss in the resonator.

[0023] In one possible implementation, both the first electrode and the second electrode are interdigitated electrodes. By making both the first electrode and the second electrode interdigitated electrodes, the coupling area between the first electrode and the second electrode is increased, which helps to further reduce the signal transmission loss at the capacitive coupling port formed by the first electrode and the second electrode, and thus further reduce the signal feed loss.

[0024] In one possible implementation, both the first electrode and the second electrode include connected comb-shaped portions and plate-shaped portions. The comb-shaped portions are located on the inner sides of the first and second electrodes facing each other, and the plate-shaped portions are located on the outer sides of the first and second electrodes facing away from each other. By including connected comb-shaped portions and plate-shaped portions on both the first and second electrodes, with the comb-shaped portions located on the inner sides of the first and second electrodes facing each other and the plate-shaped portions located on the outer sides of the first and second electrodes facing away from each other, the coupling area of ​​the first and second electrodes can be increased. The plate-shaped portions are used to increase the coupling area between corresponding electrodes in a first direction, thereby reducing signal loss.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the resonator includes a first waveguide structure and a second waveguide structure, which are spaced apart in the first direction and connected in series. By including a first waveguide structure and a second waveguide structure, which are spaced apart in the first direction and connected in series, the first and second waveguide structures share the same first conductor layer and the same second conductor layer. Since the first and second waveguide structures are located within the same cavity, a single cavity can be used for the resonance of more modes of signals, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the resonator.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the waveguide sections of the first waveguide structure are connected at a first center point, and the waveguide sections of the second waveguide structure are connected at a second center point. The first center point and the second center point are located on the same straight line parallel to the first direction, and the first center point and the second center point are electrically connected. By connecting the waveguide sections of the first waveguide structure at the first center point and the waveguide sections of the second waveguide structure at the second center point, and by having the first center point and the second center point located on the same straight line parallel to the first direction and electrically connected, it is beneficial to simplify the series structure of the first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure, making the resonator structure more regular, thereby achieving miniaturization of the resonator.

[0027] Secondly, this application also provides a filter, including a first resonator, which is the resonator described in any of the above embodiments. The first resonator includes a first electrode and a second electrode, both of which are located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. The first electrode is connected to the end of the waveguide, and the first electrode and the waveguide are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second electrode and the first electrode form a capacitor, wherein the two second electrodes are electrically connected to an input port and an output port, respectively. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the above embodiments, and will not be described again in this embodiment.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the filter further includes a second resonator connected in series with the first resonator. By including a second resonator in series with the first resonator, a single filter is composed of two resonators, achieving the integration of two resonators. The single filter includes two chambers, and at least two modes of signal can be transmitted within a single chamber. This facilitates the filter to achieve resonance in more modes, meeting the requirements for high performance and high integration of the filter.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first resonator includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide, and the second resonator includes a third waveguide and a fourth waveguide. The first waveguide is electrically connected to the input port, the fourth waveguide is electrically connected to the output port, and the second waveguide and the third waveguide are electrically connected. By making the first resonator include a first waveguide and a second waveguide, and the second resonator include a third waveguide and a fourth waveguide, with the first waveguide electrically connected to the input port, the fourth waveguide electrically connected to the output port, and the second and third waveguides electrically connected, the first and second resonators are connected in series, and together they constitute a single filter.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the first resonator and the second resonator are located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction; and / or, the first resonator and the second resonator are stacked in the first direction. By placing the first resonator and the second resonator on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction; and / or stacking the first resonator and the second resonator in the first direction, it is beneficial to make the arrangement of the resonators in a single filter more regular, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the filter.

[0031] Thirdly, this application also provides a radio frequency module, including the resonator described in any of the above embodiments or the filter described in any of the above embodiments. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0032] Fourthly, this application also provides a communication device, including the resonator described in any of the above embodiments or the filter described in any of the above embodiments. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the resonator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the resonator in the embodiment shown in Figure 1;

[0035] Figure 3 is a top view of the waveguide structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 2;

[0036] Figure 4 is a spectrum analysis diagram of a filter with two waveguide sections provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 is a top view of the waveguide structure provided in the embodiment of this application, in which the waveguide portion is bent and extended in a plane;

[0038] Figure 6 is a front view of the waveguide structure and the first connector provided in the embodiment of this application, in which the waveguide portion is bent and extended in space.

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the waveguide structure of the two waveguides on different planes and the first connector provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the waveguide structure and dielectric layer in the embodiment shown in Figure 2;

[0041] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the third connector and waveguide structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 2;

[0042] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a resonator provided in an embodiment of this application, in which both the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are in contact with the waveguide structure.

[0043] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a resonator with a first groove provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of a resonator with a first groove and a second groove provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of a resonator with a third dielectric layer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode and the second electrode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a resonator with multiple waveguide structures provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 16 is a top view of the waveguide structure connected to the input port and the output port provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 17 is a top view of two resonators connected in series on the same plane according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms used in the embodiments of this application will be explained and described below.

[0052] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this document is merely a description of the same field in the related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0055] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0056] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are for distinguishing purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0057] In the description of this application, the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0058] In the description of this application, it should be noted that due to manufacturing or assembly errors, there may be slight angular deviations in the design that should be perpendicular or parallel. For example, a deviation within 15 degrees is also considered perpendicular or parallel as described in this embodiment.

[0059] In this application, the phrase "within a range" implies that both endpoints of the range are included, unless otherwise specified. For example, in the range of 1 to 5, it includes the values ​​1 and 5. In this application, unless otherwise specified, "at least one" means "one or more", and "at least two" means "two or more".

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "joining" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, mating connections or integral connections; those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0061] It should be understood that in this application, "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in a circuit structure are connected through physical lines that can transmit signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Connection" and "connected" can both refer to a mechanical or physical connection relationship. For example, A and B being connected or A and B being connected can mean that there are fastening components (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0062] In this application, electrical length can be defined as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the transmission time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. Electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0063] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0064] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0065] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0066] With the rapid development of communication technology, the requirements for signal bandwidth and transmission rate are increasing day by day. As one of the key components of communication technology, the performance of filters directly affects the quality of the entire system. Filters need to meet the standards of miniaturization, low loss and high selectivity, and also be able to adapt to wider signal transmission bandwidth.

[0067] Filter circuits include microstrip waveguides, multilayer waveguides, and metallic waveguides. Microstrip waveguides are fabricated by printing conductor lines onto a dielectric substrate, making their fabrication relatively simple and compact. However, one side of the conductor line in a microstrip waveguide is connected to the dielectric substrate, while the other side is exposed to air. This causes some of the electromagnetic field at the conductor line to radiate into the air, resulting in signal transmission loss. Metallic waveguides typically consist of a metal tube and a dielectric material. The dielectric material is housed within the metal tube, and the signal propagates within the internal space of the tube. Because the metal tube acts as an outer shell, creating a relatively enclosed cavity, it helps reduce signal radiation loss, thereby reducing transmission loss. However, the structural design of metallic waveguides results in a larger volume, hindering miniaturization.

[0068] Multilayer waveguides typically consist of two parallel metal plates and a dielectric material positioned between them. Signal transmission occurs between the two metal plates. Because the two parallel metal plates create a relatively enclosed cavity, signal transmission loss is reduced. Furthermore, the stacked structure of multilayer waveguides simplifies fabrication, and the thickness of each layer offers significant controllability, facilitating the miniaturization and thinning of multilayer waveguides. Therefore, multilayer waveguide filters can simultaneously achieve low signal transmission loss and a small size.

[0069] The transmission modes of multilayer waveguides in related technologies are relatively fixed, making it difficult to achieve wide signal transmission bandwidths when using single-mode resonators in multilayer waveguide filters. To improve passband selectivity and construct higher-order filters, the number of single-mode resonators needs to be increased. Combining multiple single-mode resonators increases the filter size, hindering miniaturization. While constructing multimode resonator filters allows multiple modes to resonate within a single cavity, reducing the number of cavities and facilitating miniaturization, multimode resonator filters are prone to signal interference between different resonant modes and have poor isolation between frequency bands, resulting in poor signal controllability and failing to meet the high-performance requirements of filters.

[0070] This application provides a resonator 100. Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the resonator 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 is an exploded view of the resonator 100 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1. The resonator 100 includes a first conductor layer 30, a second conductor layer 40, and a dielectric layer 20. The first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are respectively located on both sides of the dielectric layer 20 in a first direction (Z direction as shown in Figures 1 and 2), such that the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are spaced apart in the first direction. At least a portion of the second conductor layer 40 and the first conductor layer 30 are arranged opposite to each other in the first direction. That is, on a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of the second conductor layer 40 and the orthographic projection of the first conductor layer 30 at least partially overlap, so that the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 can jointly construct a relatively closed cavity for signal transmission between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, thereby reducing signal radiation loss.

[0071] The dielectric layer 20 is used to isolate the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. Optionally, the dielectric layer 20 is used to support the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 to ensure the stability of the structure and relative position of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. The material of the dielectric layer 20 includes, but is not limited to, silicon compounds and polymer materials. The material of the first conductor layer 30 and / or the second conductor layer 40 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the elemental metals copper, nickel, chromium, aluminum, silver, and gold, or any alloy composed of the above elemental metals, or other conductive materials. The materials of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 can be the same or different. The thickness of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 in the first direction can be set according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this.

[0072] In one embodiment, referring to FIG1, the dielectric layer 20 has two opposing surfaces in a first direction. The first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are in contact with the two opposing surfaces of the dielectric layer 20 in the first direction, respectively, thereby fixing the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 to the dielectric layer 20. The thickness of the dielectric layer 20 is the spacing between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, which helps to simplify the setting process of the resonator 100 and makes the thickness of the resonator 100 more controllable.

[0073] Referring to Figure 2, the resonator 100 also includes a waveguide structure 10 for transmitting signals. The waveguide structure 10 is made of at least one of the following elemental metals: copper, nickel, chromium, aluminum, silver, and gold, or any alloy composed of the aforementioned elemental metals, or other conductive materials. The material of the waveguide structure 10 can be the same as the material of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, or it can be different from the material of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. The waveguide structure 10 is located between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, that is, the waveguide structure 10 is located in the regions of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 opposite each other in the first direction, so that the waveguide structure 10 has the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 on both sides in the first direction. This ensures that the waveguide structure 10 is located within the cavity constructed by the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, reducing the transmission loss of the signal when it is transmitted at the waveguide structure 10.

[0074] The dielectric layer 20 fixes the waveguide structure 10 to ensure the stability of the structure and relative position of the waveguide structure 10, and to ensure that the waveguide structure 10 is spaced apart from the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, thus preventing short circuits after the waveguide structure 10 comes into contact with the first conductor layer 30 or the second conductor layer 40. The second conductor layer 40, the dielectric layer 20, the waveguide structure 10, and the first conductor layer 30 are arranged sequentially in the first direction to construct a multilayer plate waveguide resonator 100. This simplifies the fabrication process of the resonator 100 and makes the structure of the resonator 100 more controllable, which is beneficial for achieving the miniaturization and thinning of the resonator 100.

[0075] Please refer to Figures 2 and 3. Figure 3 shows a top view of the waveguide structure 10 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2. The waveguide structure 10 includes at least two waveguide sections 11. Each waveguide section 11 is used to transmit a single mode of signal, meaning the waveguide structure 10 can transmit at least two modes of signal. Since the waveguide structure 10 is located within a single cavity constructed by the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, at least two modes of resonance can be achieved in the single cavity. The resonator 100 can achieve multi-mode in one cavity, which is beneficial for miniaturization of the resonator 100. The number of signal modes that the resonator 100 can transmit corresponds to the number of waveguide sections 11. By changing the number of waveguide sections 11 in the waveguide structure 10, the number of signal modes can be changed, giving the resonator 100 better controllability and helping to meet the requirements of higher performance.

[0076] Referring to Figure 3, the electrical lengths of at least two waveguide sections 11 in the waveguide structure 10 are equal, making the lengths between the at least two waveguide sections 11 similar. This results in a more regular structure for the at least two waveguide sections 11, increasing the space utilization of their arrangement and facilitating miniaturization of the waveguide structure 10. Simultaneously, the electrical lengths of the at least two waveguide sections 11 correspond to the wavelengths of the signals transmitted by the resonator 100. When the electrical lengths of the at least two waveguide sections 11 are equal, the wavelengths of the different modes of signals transmitted by the at least two waveguide sections 11 are similar, resulting in similar frequencies for the different modes of signals. This is beneficial for the resonator 100 to achieve a wider signal transmission bandwidth.

[0077] In one embodiment, the electrical length of a single waveguide 11 is one-quarter wavelength of the signal transmitted by the resonator 100, so as to achieve signal resonance and make the single waveguide 11 have a small electrical length. The small length of the single waveguide 11 is beneficial to the miniaturization of the waveguide structure 10, and thus the miniaturization of the resonator 100.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 2. The potentials of at least two waveguide sections 11, the first conductor layer 30, and the second conductor layer 40 are equal, so that at least two waveguide sections 11, the first conductor layer 30, and the second conductor layer 40 are all grounded. This helps to ensure the stability of the electrical length of at least two waveguide sections 11, thereby simplifying the fabrication process of the waveguide structure 10. It also facilitates setting the electrical length of a single waveguide section 11 to be one-quarter of the signal wavelength and ensures stable signal transmission at the waveguide structure 10.

[0079] In one embodiment, referring to FIG2, the waveguide structure 10 includes two waveguide sections 11, enabling the resonator 100 to transmit signals of two modes simultaneously. By connecting the two waveguide sections 11 of the resonator 100 to the input port 201 and the output port 202 respectively, a filter 200 can be constructed based on the resonator 100. Spectral analysis of the filter 200 yielded Figure 4, which shows the spectral analysis of the filter 200 with two waveguide sections 11 provided in this embodiment. S11 represents the energy at the input port 201, S22 represents the energy at the output port 202, S12 represents the energy from the input port 201 to the output port 202, and S21 represents the energy from the output port 202 to the input port 201. As shown in Figure 4, the filter 200 has two resonant points in the frequency range of 0.4 GHz to 0.5 GHz, indicating that the filter 200 can simultaneously achieve the transmission of two modes of signals. Furthermore, the filter 200 has a relatively obvious suppression peak in the frequency range of 0.8 GHz to 0.9 GHz, indicating that the filter 200 has strong out-of-band suppression capability. Therefore, the filter 200 constructed based on the resonator 100 provided in this application can achieve multi-mode resonance, achieve a wide signal transmission bandwidth, and has good signal selectivity, resulting in good controllability of the filter 200.

[0080] This application provides a resonator 100, which includes a first conductor layer 30, a second conductor layer 40, a dielectric layer 20, and a waveguide structure 10. The first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are respectively located on both sides of the dielectric layer 20 in a first direction, such that the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 together form a relatively closed cavity. The dielectric layer 20 fixes the waveguide structure 10, so that the waveguide structure 10 is located between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, and the waveguide structure 10 is spaced apart from the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. This ensures that the waveguide structure 10 is located within the cavity formed by the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, reduces the transmission loss of the signal when it is transmitted at the waveguide structure 10, and ensures the normal transmission of the signal at the waveguide structure 10, avoiding short circuits after the waveguide structure 10 comes into contact with the first conductor layer 30 or the second conductor layer 40. Meanwhile, the second conductor layer 40, the dielectric layer 20, the waveguide structure 10 and the first conductor layer 30 are arranged sequentially in the first direction to construct a multilayer plate waveguide resonator 100. This simplifies the fabrication process of the resonator 100 and makes the structure of the resonator 100 more controllable, which is conducive to achieving the thinning and miniaturization of the resonator 100.

[0081] The waveguide structure 10 includes at least two waveguide sections 11, each used to transmit a single-mode signal, enabling the waveguide structure 10 to transmit at least two modes of signal. Since the waveguide structure 10 is located within a single cavity constructed by the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, at least two modes of resonance can be achieved within this single cavity. Furthermore, the number of signal modes that the resonator 100 can transmit corresponds to the number of waveguide sections 11, which simplifies the arrangement of the resonator 100. The resonator 100 can achieve multi-mode operation within a single cavity, facilitating miniaturization. It also achieves at least two modes of resonance, a wider signal transmission bandwidth, and good signal selectivity, resulting in better signal controllability. Therefore, the resonator 100 provided in this application simultaneously meets the standards of miniaturization, low loss, and high selectivity, and can also accommodate a wider signal transmission bandwidth.

[0082] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figures 3 and 5. Figure 5 shows a top view of a waveguide structure 10 in which the waveguide portion 11 is bent and extended in a plane according to the embodiment of this application. At least two waveguide portions 11 extend along the bending direction, so that the structure of the waveguide portion 11 is folded. The overall structure of the waveguide structure 10 is more compact, which is conducive to miniaturization of the waveguide structure 10 and thus miniaturization of the resonator 100.

[0083] The waveguide 11 can be bent in a plane or in space, both of which can achieve miniaturization of the waveguide structure 10. The folding method of the waveguide 11 structure will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in Figures 5 and 6.

[0084] In one embodiment, referring to FIG5, the waveguide structure 10 is located on a plane perpendicular to the first direction. The second direction (X direction as shown in FIG5) is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction (Y direction as shown in FIG5) is perpendicular to both the first and second directions. That is, the plane containing the second direction and the third direction is a plane perpendicular to the first direction. The waveguide part 11 extends along a broken line on the plane containing the second direction and the third direction, so that the structure of the waveguide part 11 is bent on the plane, realizing the folding of the structure of the waveguide part 11 on the plane, simplifying the setting process of the waveguide part 11, and realizing the miniaturization of the waveguide structure 10.

[0085] In one embodiment, please refer to FIG6, which shows a front view of the waveguide structure 10 and the first connector 14 in which the waveguide portion 11 is bent and extended in space according to the embodiment of this application. A portion of the single waveguide portion 11 extends in a plane perpendicular to the first direction (Z direction as shown in FIG6), and the extension direction of another portion of the single waveguide portion 11 has an angle with the plane perpendicular to the first direction, so that the waveguide portion 11 extends along a broken line in space. The structure of the waveguide portion 11 is bent in space, realizing the folding of the structure of the waveguide portion 11 in space. The structure of the waveguide portion 11 makes full use of the space in the first direction, realizing the miniaturization of the waveguide structure 10.

[0086] In one possible implementation, as shown in Figures 1, 3 and 5, the potentials of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are equal, and at least two waveguides 11 are electrically connected to at least one of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. This helps to ensure that the potentials of the at least two waveguides 11, the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are equal, thereby ensuring the stability of the electrical length of the at least two waveguides 11.

[0087] Referring to Figures 3 and 5, at least two waveguide sections 11 are connected at one end at a center point 12, making the connection concentrated at this point. By electrically connecting the center point 12 to at least one of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, all conductor sections can be electrically connected to the first conductor layer 30 and / or the second conductor layer 40. Compared to electrically connecting each of the at least two waveguide sections 11 to the first conductor layer 30 and / or the second conductor layer 40 separately, first connecting the at least two waveguide sections 11 at the center point 12, and then electrically connecting the center point 12 to the first conductor layer 30 and / or the second conductor layer 40, simplifies the connection structure between the at least two waveguide sections 11 and the first conductor layer 30 and / or the second conductor layer 40, avoids the aforementioned connection structure occupying too much space, and thus simplifies the fabrication process of the resonator 100 and enables miniaturization of the resonator 100.

[0088] Please refer to Figures 3 and 5. At least two waveguides 11 are in contact only at the center point 12, which helps to ensure the stability of the electrical length of at least two waveguides 11, thereby ensuring the stability of signal transmission of at least two waveguides 11. This avoids interference to signal transmission caused by one waveguide 11 contacting another waveguide 11 in an area outside the center point 12.

[0089] The shape of the waveguide 11 can be set according to actual needs, including but not limited to a polygonal shape, an arc shape, and a spiral shape. At least two waveguides 11 in the waveguide structure 10 can have the same shape to improve the structural regularity of the waveguide structure 10 and simplify the manufacturing process of the waveguide structure 10; or at least two waveguides 11 can have different shapes, as long as the electrical lengths of at least two waveguides 11 are equal, to meet different practical application requirements.

[0090] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 3 and 5, at least two waveguide sections 11 are centrally symmetrical about a center point 12, ensuring that the lengths of the at least two waveguide sections 11 are equal. This facilitates ensuring that the electrical lengths of the at least two waveguide sections 11 are equal and simplifies the structural arrangement of the at least two waveguide sections 11. Simultaneously, the more regular positional distribution of the at least two waveguide sections 11 in the waveguide structure 10 helps ensure that the at least two waveguide sections 11 only contact at the center point 12, further simplifying the positional arrangement of the at least two waveguide sections 11. When the at least two waveguide sections 11 are centrally symmetrical about the center point 12, there is a larger spacing between the ends of the at least two waveguide sections 11 furthest from the center point 12, providing space for the arrangement of other structures in the resonator 100 and further simplifying the structural arrangement of the resonator 100.

[0091] For example, referring to Figure 3, at least two waveguides 11 extend along a helix, and the center of the helix of the at least two waveguides 11 is located at the center point 12, so that the at least two waveguides 11 extend spirally with the same helix center as a reference. The shape of the at least two waveguides 11 has a large degree of folding, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the waveguide structure 10. Moreover, the at least two waveguides 11 can better avoid contact in areas other than the center point 12, which is beneficial to ensure the stability of the electrical length of the at least two waveguides 11.

[0092] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figures 2 and 7. Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the waveguide structure 10 and the first connector 14 of the two waveguide sections 11 on different planes according to the embodiment of this application. At least two waveguide sections 11 are connected at a center point 12. The waveguide structure 10 has a first connection hole 13 at the center point 12. The resonator 100 also includes the first connector 14, which passes through the first connection hole 13, so that the first connector 14 and the waveguide structure 10 are interlocked and fixed, which helps to ensure the positional stability of the waveguide structure 10 and makes the first connector 14 and the waveguide structure 10 electrically connected. By connecting the first connector 14 to at least one of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, the waveguide structure 10 can be electrically connected to at least one of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 through the first connector 14, thereby simplifying the structural configuration of the resonator 100.

[0093] Please refer to Figures 6 and 7. The first connector 14 passes through the first connection hole 13 at the center point 12, so that the first connector 14 can protrude relative to the waveguide structure 10 in the first direction (Z direction as shown in Figures 6 and 7). The first connector 14 protrudes from one side of the waveguide structure 10 and connects with the first conductor layer 30 and / or the second conductor layer 40. This helps to ensure that the waveguide structure 10 is spaced apart from the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, realizes the electrical connection between the waveguide structure 10 and the first conductor layer 30 and / or the second conductor layer 40, and at the same time avoids short circuits between the waveguide structure 10 and the first conductor layer 30 or the second conductor layer 40.

[0094] At least two waveguides 11 can be directly connected at the center point 12, or at least two waveguides 11 can be indirectly connected at the center point 12 through the first connector 14. The connection methods of the at least two waveguides 11 are different, and the corresponding first connector 14 is also set in a different way. The setting methods of the at least two waveguides 11 and the first connector 14 will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in Figures 2 and 7.

[0095] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 2 and 3, at least two waveguides 11 are located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction (Z direction as shown in Figure 2). One end of the at least two waveguides 11 is directly connected at the center point 12. The waveguide structure 10 has a single first connection hole 13 at the center point 12. The first connector 14 passes through the single first connection hole 13, which enables the first connector 14 to be electrically connected to all the waveguides 11, which helps to simplify the manufacturing process of the resonator 100.

[0096] In one embodiment, referring to FIG7, at least two waveguides 11 are located on different planes perpendicular to the first direction. One end of the at least two waveguides 11 is indirectly connected at the center point 12 by a first connector 14. Each waveguide 11 has a first connection hole 13. The first connector 14 passes through the first connection holes 13 of the at least two waveguides 11 in sequence, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the first connector 14 and all waveguides 11. The adjacent two waveguides 11 are spaced apart in the first direction (Z direction as shown in FIG7), which is beneficial to increase the spacing space between the adjacent two waveguides 11, simplify the position setting of the at least two waveguides 11, and avoid the contact between the adjacent two waveguides 11 in areas other than the center point 12.

[0097] In one possible implementation, referring to FIG2, the resonator 100 further includes a second connector 24, which is electrically connected to both the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, such that the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are indirectly connected through the second connector 24, that is, the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are electrically connected, which is beneficial to ensure that the potentials of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are equal.

[0098] Please refer to Figures 2 and 8. Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the waveguide structure 10 and dielectric layer 20 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2. The second connector 24 and the waveguide structure 10 are spaced apart, which helps to ensure the stability of the electrical length of at least two waveguide sections 11, thereby ensuring the stability of signal transmission of at least two waveguide sections 11 and avoiding interference to signal transmission after the waveguide section 11 comes into contact with the second connector 24.

[0099] In one embodiment, referring to FIG2, both the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are grounded. The center point 12 of the waveguide structure 10 is electrically connected to at least one of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, such that at least two waveguide sections 11 are grounded. The grounding of at least two waveguide sections 11, the first conductor layer 30, and the second conductor layer 40 helps ensure that the potentials of at least two waveguide sections 11, the first conductor layer 30, and the second conductor layer 40 are equal, thereby ensuring the stability of the electrical length of at least two waveguide sections 11. Exemplarily, the center point 12 of the waveguide structure 10 is electrically connected to both the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. The waveguide structure 10 is located between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, making the waveguide structure 10 grounded on both sides in the first direction. This ensures the reliability of the grounding of the waveguide structure 10 and shortens the electrical length required for grounding, which helps to reduce signal transmission loss.

[0100] The dielectric layer 20 is located between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. The second connector 24 is electrically connected to both the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, so that the second connector 24 can pass through or bypass the dielectric layer 20 to connect with the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40.

[0101] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 2 and 8, the dielectric layer 20 has a second connecting hole 25 that penetrates two opposing surfaces of the dielectric layer 20 in a first direction (the Z direction as shown in Figures 2 and 8). A second connector 24 passes through the second connecting hole 25 and is electrically connected to both the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. This facilitates shortening the length of the second connector 24, enabling miniaturization of the resonator 100. The interlocking and fixed arrangement of the second connector 24 and the second connecting hole 25 also helps ensure the stability of the position of the second connector 24, thereby ensuring the stability of the electrical connection between the second connector 24 and the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40. The second connecting hole 25 and the waveguide structure 10 are spaced apart, which helps ensure the stability of the electrical length of at least two waveguide sections 11 and prevents interference between the second connector 24 and the waveguide structure 10.

[0102] For example, referring to Figures 2 and 8, in this embodiment, the number of second connecting holes 25 is at least two. The second connecting holes 25 and the second connecting members 24 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, such that the number of second connecting members 24 is at least two, and each second connecting hole 25 contains one second connecting member 24. The at least two second connecting holes 25 are arranged around the waveguide structure 10, such that the at least two second connecting members 24 are arranged around the waveguide structure 10. The first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are respectively located on both sides of the waveguide structure 10 in the first direction. The at least two second connecting members 24 are located around the waveguide structure 10 in the direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first conductor layer 30, the second conductor layer 40, and the at least two second connecting members 24 together construct a relatively closed cavity, and the at least two second connecting members 24 improve the sealing of the cavity, further reducing signal radiation loss, which is beneficial for ensuring low transmission loss when the signal is transmitted at the waveguide structure 10.

[0103] It is understood that in this embodiment, at least two second connecting holes 25 can be interconnected to form a large through hole, and at least two second connectors 24 can be interconnected, so that at least two connectors together enclose the waveguide structure 10 around the periphery in the direction perpendicular to the first direction, thereby improving the effect of at least two second connectors 24 on reducing signal radiation loss; alternatively, at least two second connecting holes 25 can be spaced apart, so that at least two second connectors 24 can be spaced apart, which helps to reduce the installation area of ​​the second connectors 24 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the resonator 100.

[0104] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figures 2 and 9. Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the third connector 26 and the waveguide structure 10 in the implementation shown in Figure 2. The resonator 100 also includes the third connector 26. The dielectric layer 20 fixes the third connector 26. The third connector 26 is arranged around the waveguide structure 10, so that the third connector 26 has a large distribution range around the waveguide structure 10 in the direction perpendicular to the first direction (Z direction as shown in Figures 2 and 9). The third connector 26 and the waveguide structure 10 are arranged at intervals to ensure the stability of the electrical length of at least two waveguide parts 11 and avoid interference between the third connector 26 and the waveguide structure 10.

[0105] Referring to Figure 2, the third connector 26 and the second connector 24 are electrically connected. The third connector 26 is located between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, and is spaced apart from both the third connector 26 and the first and second conductor layers 30 and 40. A portion of the second connector 24 is positioned between the first conductor layer 30 and the third connector 26, and another portion of the second connector 24 is positioned between the third connector 26 and the second conductor layer 40. This ensures that a portion of the second connector 24, the third connector 26, and the other portion of the second connector 24 are electrically connected, thus achieving electrical connection between the second connector 24 and the first and second conductor layers 30 and 40. The distance between the first conductor layer 30 and the third connector 26, and the distance between the third connector 26 and the second conductor layer 40, are both smaller than the distance between the first and second conductor layers 30 and 40. This reduces the length of the second connector 24, simplifies its placement, and ensures the reliability of the electrical connection between the second connector 24 and the first and second conductor layers 30 and 40.

[0106] In one embodiment, referring to FIG2, on a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of the second connector 24 is located within the orthographic projection range of the third connector 26, so that the third connector 26 has a larger area than the second connector 24, that is, the third connector 26 has a larger area than the second connecting hole 25, which is beneficial to simplify the position setting of the second connecting hole 25. At the same time, the thickness of the dielectric layer 20 between the third connector 26 and the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 is small, which is also beneficial to simplify the setting process of the second connecting hole 25.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 9. The third connector 26 has a certain thickness in the first direction. The third connector 26 is arranged around the waveguide structure 10, so that the third connector 26 provides a space for the waveguide structure 10. By making the thickness of the third connector 26 in the first direction greater than or equal to the thickness of the waveguide structure 10 in the first direction, it is beneficial to realize the protection of the waveguide structure 10 by the third connector 26, ensure the stability of the position of the waveguide structure 10, and avoid interference between other structures and the waveguide structure 10.

[0108] In one possible implementation, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the dielectric layer 20 includes a first dielectric layer 21 and a second dielectric layer 22. The first dielectric layer 21 is located on one side of the second dielectric layer 22 in a first direction, such that the second dielectric layer 22 and the first dielectric layer 21 are arranged sequentially in the first direction. The first dielectric layer 21 is located between the first conductor layer 30 and the waveguide structure 10, and the second dielectric layer 22 is located between the second conductor layer 40 and the waveguide structure 10, such that the first dielectric layer 21 separates the first conductor layer 30 and the waveguide structure 10, and the second dielectric layer 22 separates the waveguide structure 10 and the second conductor layer 40. This ensures that the waveguide structure 10 is spaced apart from both the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, thus avoiding short circuits between the waveguide structure 10 and either the first conductor layer 30 or the second conductor layer 40.

[0109] Meanwhile, the first conductor layer 30 is located on the side of the first dielectric layer 21 away from the waveguide structure 10. The first conductor layer 30 can be connected to the surface of the first dielectric layer 21 away from the waveguide structure 10, allowing the first dielectric layer 21 to fix the first conductor layer 30, which helps ensure the structural and positional stability of the first conductor layer 30. Similarly, the second conductor layer 40 is located on the side of the second dielectric layer 22 away from the waveguide structure 10. The second conductor layer 40 can be connected to the surface of the second dielectric layer 22 away from the waveguide structure 10, allowing the second dielectric layer 22 to fix the second conductor layer 40, which helps ensure the structural and positional stability of the second conductor layer 40. When the first dielectric layer 21 and the second dielectric layer 22 fix the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 respectively, the structures of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are relatively stable. Both the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 can have a small thickness, which is beneficial for achieving the thinning and miniaturization of the resonator 100.

[0110] In one embodiment, referring to FIG1, on a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of the first conductor layer 30 is located within the orthographic projection range of the first dielectric layer 21, such that the area of ​​the first dielectric layer 21 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the first conductor layer 30, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the first dielectric layer 21 fixed to the first conductor layer 30; similarly, on a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of the second conductor layer 40 is located within the orthographic projection range of the second dielectric layer 22, such that the area of ​​the second dielectric layer 22 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the second conductor layer 40, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the second dielectric layer 22 fixed to the second conductor layer 40.

[0111] The first dielectric layer 21 may be in contact with the conductive structure or may not be in contact with the conductive structure; similarly, the second dielectric layer 22 may be in contact with the conductive structure or may not be in contact with the conductive structure. The arrangement of the first dielectric layer 21 and the second dielectric layer 22 will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in Figures 10, 11, 12 and 13.

[0112] In one embodiment, please refer to FIG10, which shows a cross-sectional view of a resonator 100 provided in this application embodiment, wherein the first dielectric layer 21 and the second dielectric layer 22 are both in contact with the waveguide structure 10. At least two waveguide portions 11 are located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction (Z direction as shown in FIG10). The first dielectric layer 21, the waveguide structure 10 and the second dielectric layer 22 are stacked sequentially, so that the first dielectric layer 21 and the second dielectric layer 22 are both in contact with the waveguide structure 10. This is beneficial to reduce the overall thickness of the first dielectric layer 21, the waveguide structure 10 and the second dielectric layer 22, and realize the thinning and miniaturization of the resonator 100. A third connector 26 can be provided between the first dielectric layer 21 and the second dielectric layer 22. The third connector 26 has a certain thickness in the first direction, such that the thickness of the third connector 26 in the first direction is greater than or equal to the thickness of the waveguide structure 10. This provides space for the waveguide structure 10, avoiding the need for the first dielectric layer 21 and / or the second dielectric layer 22 to cut slots to accommodate the waveguide structure 10, which helps to simplify the fabrication process of the resonator 100.

[0113] In one embodiment, please refer to FIG11, which shows a cross-sectional view of a resonator 100 with a first groove 211 provided in this application embodiment. At least two waveguide sections 11 are located on the same plane perpendicular to a first direction (Z direction as shown in FIG11). The surface of the first dielectric layer 21 facing the second dielectric layer 22 has the first groove 211. At least a portion of the waveguide structure 10 is located within the first groove 211, and the first groove 211 and the bottom wall and the waveguide structure 10 are spaced apart, so that the waveguide structure 10 does not contact the first dielectric layer 21. The first conductor layer 30 and the waveguide structure 10 are separated by the first dielectric layer 21 and air. The signal transmission loss in air is generally less than the signal transmission loss in the dielectric layer 20. Therefore, by providing the first groove 211, the portion of the first dielectric layer 21 between the first conductor layer 30 and the waveguide structure 10 is replaced with air, which helps to reduce the signal transmission loss between the waveguide structure 10 and the first conductor layer 30 and improve the signal transmission performance of the waveguide structure 10.

[0114] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 11. The second dielectric layer 22 may not have grooves, so that the waveguide structure 10 contacts the second dielectric layer 22. The second dielectric layer 22 fixes the waveguide structure 10, which helps to ensure the stability of the structure and position of the waveguide structure 10.

[0115] In one embodiment, please refer to FIG12, which shows a cross-sectional view of a resonator 100 with a first groove 211 and a second groove 221 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The surface of the first dielectric layer 21 facing the second dielectric layer 22 has a first groove 211, and the surface of the second dielectric layer 22 facing the first dielectric layer 21 has a second groove 221. The first groove 211 and the second groove 221 are connected. The waveguide structure 10 is located in the receiving groove jointly formed by the first groove 211 and the second groove 221. The waveguide structure 10 can be located in at least one of the first groove 211 and the second groove 221. In this case, at least two waveguide parts 11 can be located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction (Z direction as shown in FIG12), or the extension direction of some waveguide parts 11 can have an angle with the plane perpendicular to the first direction. The receiving groove jointly formed by the first groove 211 and the second groove 221 can accommodate the waveguide structure 10 well.

[0116] In this embodiment, referring to FIG12, the waveguide structure 10 can be evenly spaced from the bottom walls of the first groove 211 and the second groove 221, so that a portion of the first dielectric layer 21 between the first conductor layer 30 and the waveguide structure 10 is replaced with air, and a portion of the second dielectric layer 22 between the second conductor layer 40 and the waveguide structure 10 is replaced with air. This helps to reduce the signal transmission loss between the waveguide structure 10 and the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, and improves the signal transmission performance of the waveguide structure 10.

[0117] In one embodiment, please refer to FIG13, which shows a cross-sectional view of a resonator 100 with a third dielectric layer 23 provided in this application embodiment. At least two waveguides 11 are located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction (Z direction as shown in FIG13). The surface of the first dielectric layer 21 facing the second dielectric layer 22 has a first groove 211, and the surface of the second dielectric layer 22 facing the first dielectric layer 21 has a second groove 221. The dielectric layer 20 further includes a third dielectric layer 23, which is located between the first dielectric layer 21 and the second dielectric layer 22. The third dielectric layer 23 separates the first groove 211 and the second groove 221, such that the first groove 211 and the second groove 221 are located on both sides of the third dielectric layer 23 in the first direction. The third dielectric layer 23 is used to fix the waveguide structure 10 to ensure the stability of the structure and position of the waveguide structure 10. A portion of the first dielectric layer 21 between the first conductor layer 30 and the waveguide structure 10 is replaced with air, and a portion of the second dielectric layer 22 between the second conductor layer 40 and the waveguide structure 10 is replaced with air. This helps to reduce signal transmission loss between the waveguide structure 10 and the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, thereby improving the signal transmission performance of the waveguide structure 10. For example, referring to FIG13, the waveguide structure 10 and the surface of the third dielectric layer 23 facing the first dielectric layer 21 are connected, such that the waveguide structure 10 is located within the first groove 211, and the waveguide structure 10 is spaced apart from the bottom wall of the first groove 211.

[0118] In one possible implementation, referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the resonator 100 further includes a first electrode 50 and a second electrode 60, both of which are located between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, such that the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60 are both located within the cavity jointly constructed by the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, which helps to reduce radiation loss when the signal is transmitted at the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60.

[0119] Referring to Figure 3, the first electrode 50 is connected to the end of the waveguide 11, and the first electrode 50 is located at the end of the waveguide 11 away from the center point 12. The second electrode 60 and the first electrode 50 form a capacitor, so that the end of the waveguide 11 away from the center point 12 is connected to the capacitor. The first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60 form the capacitive coupling port of the waveguide structure 10. The signal is fed into the waveguide structure 10 from the capacitive coupling port formed by the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60, which is beneficial to the input of signal energy, thereby reducing the transmission loss of the signal in the resonator 100.

[0120] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, both the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60 are interdigitated electrodes, which increases the coupling area between the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60. This helps to further reduce the signal transmission loss of the capacitive coupling port formed by the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60, and thus facilitates the feeding of signal energy.

[0121] For example, please refer to FIG14, which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60 provided in the embodiments of this application. The first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60 both include a comb-shaped portion 51 and a plate-shaped portion 52 connected to each other. The comb-shaped portion 51 of the first electrode 50 and the comb-shaped portion 51 of the second electrode 60 are arranged opposite to each other, such that the comb-shaped portion 51 is located on the inner side of the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60. The comb-shaped portion 51 of the first electrode 50 and the comb-shaped portion 51 of the second electrode 60 can increase the coupling area of ​​the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60, thereby reducing signal loss. The plate-shaped portion 52 of the first electrode 50 and the plate-shaped portion 52 of the second electrode 60 are arranged opposite to each other, such that the plate-shaped portion 52 of the first electrode 50 is located on the side of the first electrode 50 away from the second electrode 60, and the plate-shaped portion 52 of the second electrode 60 is located on the side of the second electrode 60 away from the first electrode 50. That is, the plate-shaped portion 52 is located on the outer side opposite to the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60. The plate-shaped portion 52 is used to increase the coupling area between the corresponding electrodes in the first direction (Z direction as shown in FIG14), thereby increasing the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60. This is beneficial to the miniaturization of the resonator 100 and also beneficial to the feeding of signal energy.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 3. The first electrode 50 and the waveguide 11 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the end of each waveguide 11 away from the center point 12 is connected to the first electrode 50. The second electrode 60 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first electrode 50, so that the end of each waveguide 11 away from the center point 12 is connected to the capacitor formed by the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60. This is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of the waveguide 11, thereby improving the signal transmission efficiency of the resonator 100.

[0123] The potentials of the second electrode 60 and the first conductor layer 30 are equal, meaning that the potentials of at least the two waveguide sections 11, the first conductor layer 30, the second conductor layer 40, and the second electrode 60 are equal. In one embodiment, both the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 are grounded, thereby grounding the second electrode 60.

[0124] In one embodiment, referring to FIG9, the resonator 100 includes a third connector 26, and the second capacitor is connected to and electrically connected to the third connector 26. Referring to FIG1, the resonator 100 also includes a second connector 24, which is electrically connected to the first conductor layer 30, the second conductor layer 40 and the third connector 26, so that the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40 through the third connector 26 and the second connector 24. This helps to ensure that the potentials of the second electrode 60 and the first conductor layer 30 are equal, thereby forming the resonator 100.

[0125] In one possible implementation, please refer to FIG15, which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a resonator 100 having multiple waveguide structures 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. The resonator 100 includes at least two waveguide structures 10 connected in series, so that a single resonator 100 can be used to transmit more modes of signals, which is beneficial to improving the integration of the resonator 100 and realizing the miniaturization of the resonator 100.

[0126] The resonator 100 includes a first waveguide structure 15 and a second waveguide structure 16. The first waveguide structure 15 and the second waveguide structure 16 are spaced apart in a first direction (Z direction as shown in Figure 15) to ensure stable signal transmission at the first waveguide structure 15 and the second waveguide structure 16, and to avoid the signal transmission being affected by contact between the first waveguide structure 15 and the second waveguide structure 16. The first waveguide structure 15 and the second waveguide structure 16 are connected in series and share the same first conductor layer 30 and the same second conductor layer 40, so that the first waveguide structure 15 and the second waveguide structure 16 are located in the same cavity. A single cavity can be used for the resonance of more modes of signals, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the resonator 100.

[0127] The number of waveguide sections 11 in the first waveguide structure 15 and the number of waveguide sections 11 in the second waveguide structure 16 can be the same or different, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. In one embodiment, referring to FIG15, one end of the waveguide section 11 of the first waveguide structure 15 is connected at the first center point 151, and one end of the waveguide section 11 of the second waveguide structure 16 is connected at the second center point 161. The first center point 151 and the second center point 161 are located on the same straight line parallel to the first direction. The first center point 151 and the second center point 161 are electrically connected, which helps to simplify the series structure of the first waveguide structure 15 and the second waveguide structure 16, making the structure of the resonator 100 more regular, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the resonator 100.

[0128] Please refer to Figure 15. The end of the waveguide portion 11 of the first waveguide structure 15 away from the first center point 151 can be electrically connected to the first electrode 50. The end of the waveguide portion 11 of the second waveguide structure 16 away from the second center point 161 can also be electrically connected to the first electrode 50. The first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60 form a capacitor. Since the first waveguide structure 15 and the second waveguide structure 16 are spaced apart in the first direction, the first electrode 50 connected to the first waveguide structure 15 and the first electrode 50 connected to the second waveguide structure 16 can be arranged opposite to each other in the first direction. The plate-shaped portion 52 of the first electrode 50 connected to the first waveguide structure 15 and the plate-shaped portion 52 of the first electrode 50 connected to the second waveguide structure 16 are opposite to each other in the first direction to increase the coupling area of ​​the two first electrodes 50, which is beneficial to the feeding of signal energy. Similarly, the second electrode 60 connected to the first waveguide structure 15 and the second electrode 60 connected to the second waveguide structure 16 can be arranged opposite to each other in the first direction, and the plate-shaped portion 52 of the second electrode 60 connected to the first waveguide structure 15 and the plate-shaped portion 52 of the second electrode 60 connected to the second waveguide structure 16 are opposite to each other in the first direction to increase the coupling area of ​​the two second electrodes 60, which is beneficial to the feeding of signal energy.

[0129] This application also provides a filter 200. Please refer to Figures 1 and 16. Figure 16 shows a top view of a waveguide structure 10 connected to an input port 201 and an output port 202 according to an embodiment of this application. The filter 200 includes a first resonator 203, which is the resonator 100 described in any of the above embodiments. The first resonator 203 includes a waveguide structure 10, which includes at least two waveguide sections 11. The first resonator 203 also includes a first electrode 50 and a second electrode 60. The first electrode 50, the second electrode 60, and the waveguide structure 10 are all located between the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, which helps to reduce the radiation loss of the signal at the first electrode 50, the second electrode 60, and the waveguide structure 10. The first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60 form a capacitor. The first electrode 50 and the end of the waveguide section 11 are connected, so that the signal is fed into the waveguide section 11 through the capacitor formed by the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60, which helps to reduce the signal feed loss.

[0130] The first electrode 50, the second electrode 60, and the waveguide section 11 are all arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, such that the end of each waveguide section 11 is connected to the capacitor formed by the first electrode 50 and the second electrode 60. The two second electrodes 60 are electrically connected to the input port 201 and the output port 202, respectively, and the other second electrodes 60 are electrically connected to at least one of the first conductor layer 30 and the second conductor layer 40, thereby forming a filter 200.

[0131] It is understood that the filter 200 in this embodiment has the same technical effect as the resonator 100 in the above embodiments. Therefore, the filter 200 in this embodiment has all the technical effects of the resonator 100 in the above embodiments. Since the technical effects of the resonator 100 have been fully explained in the above embodiments, they will not be repeated here.

[0132] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figures 1 and 17. Figure 17 shows a top view of two resonators 100 provided in this embodiment connected in series on the same plane. The filter 200 also includes a second resonator 204, which is connected in series with the first resonator 203. The second resonator 204 can be the resonator 100 described in any of the above embodiments, or the second resonator 204 can be a resonator 100 with other structures.

[0133] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 1 and 17, the first resonator 203 and the second resonator 204 are both resonators 100 as described in any of the above embodiments. The first resonator 203 includes a first waveguide 111 and a second waveguide 112, and the second resonator 204 includes a third waveguide 113 and a fourth waveguide 114. The first waveguide 111 is electrically connected to the input port 201, the fourth waveguide 114 is electrically connected to the output port 202, and the second waveguide 112 and the third waveguide 113 are electrically connected, so that the first resonator 203 and the second resonator 204 are connected in series, and the first resonator 203 and the second resonator 204 together constitute a single filter 200. The single filter 200 is composed of two resonators 100, realizing the integration of two resonators 100. The single filter 200 includes two chambers, and at least two modes of signal can be transmitted in a single chamber, which is beneficial for the filter 200 to achieve resonance of more modes and meet the requirements of high performance and high integration of the filter 200.

[0134] It is understood that a single filter 200 may include at least two resonators 100, which are connected in series, so that the single filter 200 can achieve resonance of more modes.

[0135] To achieve miniaturization of the filter 200, the first resonator 203 and the second resonator 204 can be arranged in an array on the same plane, making full use of the space perpendicular to the first direction, reducing the thickness of the filter 200 in the first direction, and achieving a thinner and lighter filter 200; alternatively, the first resonator 203 and the second resonator 204 can be stacked in the first direction, making full use of the space in the first direction, and achieving miniaturization of the filter 200.

[0136] This application also provides a radio frequency module, as shown in Figure 1, which includes the resonator 100 described in any of the above embodiments, or the filter 200 described in any of the above embodiments.

[0137] It is understood that the radio frequency module in this embodiment has the resonator 100 in the above embodiments. Therefore, the radio frequency module in this embodiment has all the technical effects of the resonator 100 in the above embodiments. Since the technical effects of the resonator 100 have been fully explained in the above embodiments, they will not be repeated here.

[0138] This application also provides a communication device, as shown in FIG1. ​​The communication device includes the resonator 100 described in any of the above embodiments, or the filter 200 described in any of the above embodiments. Optionally, the communication device may be a terminal or a network device.

[0139] It is understood that the communication device in this embodiment has the resonator 100 in the above embodiments. Therefore, the communication device in this embodiment has all the technical effects of the resonator 100 in the above embodiments. Since the technical effects of the resonator 100 have been fully explained in the above embodiments, they will not be repeated here.

[0140] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A resonator, characterized in that, It includes a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, a dielectric layer, and a waveguide structure. The first conductor layer and the second conductor layer are respectively located on both sides of the dielectric layer in a first direction. The dielectric layer fixes the waveguide structure. The waveguide structure is located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer, and the waveguide structure is spaced apart from both the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. The waveguide structure includes at least two waveguide sections, the electrical lengths of the at least two waveguide sections are equal, and the potentials of the at least two waveguide sections, the first conductor layer, and the second conductor layer are equal.

2. The resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both of the at least two waveguide sections extend along the bending direction.

3. The resonator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One end of each of the at least two waveguides is connected at a center point, and the at least two waveguides are in contact only at the center point, which is electrically connected to at least one of the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer.

4. The resonator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The at least two waveguides are symmetrical about the center point.

5. The resonator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, Both of the at least two waveguides extend along a helix, and the center point is located at the center of the helix.

6. The resonator according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The waveguide structure has a first connection hole at the center point, and the resonator further includes a first connector that passes through the first connection hole. The first connector is electrically connected to the waveguide structure and to at least one of the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer.

7. The resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The resonator further includes a second connector, which is spaced apart from the waveguide structure, and the second connector is electrically connected to both the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer.

8. The resonator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dielectric layer has a second connection hole, which is spaced apart from the waveguide structure. The second connector passes through the second connection hole and is connected to both the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer.

9. The resonator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The number of the second connecting holes is at least two, and the at least two second connecting holes are arranged at intervals around the waveguide structure, with each second connecting hole and the second connector corresponding to the other.

10. The resonator according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The resonator further includes a third connector, which is fixed by the dielectric layer. The third connector is located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer, and is spaced apart from the first conductor layer, the second conductor layer and the waveguide structure. The third connector surrounds the waveguide structure, and the second connector and the third connector are electrically connected.

11. The resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The dielectric layer includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is located on one side of the second dielectric layer in the first direction. The waveguide structure is located between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The first conductor layer is located on the side of the first dielectric layer away from the waveguide structure, and the second conductor layer is located on the side of the second dielectric layer away from the waveguide structure.

12. The resonator according to claim 11, characterized in that, The at least two waveguides are located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the first dielectric layer, the waveguide structure, and the second dielectric layer are stacked sequentially.

13. The resonator according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The surface of the first dielectric layer facing the second dielectric layer has a first groove, and at least a portion of the waveguide structure is located within the first groove.

14. The resonator according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second dielectric layer has a second groove on its surface facing the first dielectric layer. The dielectric layer also includes a third dielectric layer, which is located between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The first groove and the second groove are located on both sides of the third dielectric layer in the first direction, and the third dielectric layer fixes the waveguide structure.

15. The resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The resonator further includes a first electrode and a second electrode, both of which are located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. The first electrode is connected to the end of the waveguide, and the first electrode and the waveguide are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second electrode and the first electrode form a capacitor, and the potential of the second electrode is equal to that of the first conductor layer.

16. The resonator according to claim 15, characterized in that, Both the first electrode and the second electrode are interdigitated electrodes.

17. The resonator according to claim 16, characterized in that, Both the first electrode and the second electrode include connected comb-shaped portions and plate-shaped portions. The comb-shaped portions are located on the inner sides of the first electrode and the second electrode opposite to each other, and the plate-shaped portions are located on the outer sides of the first electrode and the second electrode opposite to each other.

18. The resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The resonator includes a first waveguide structure and a second waveguide structure, which are spaced apart in the first direction and connected in series.

19. The resonator according to claim 18, characterized in that, The waveguide sections of the first waveguide structure are connected at a first center point, and the waveguide sections of the second waveguide structure are connected at a second center point. The first center point and the second center point are located on the same straight line parallel to the first direction, and the first center point and the second center point are electrically connected.

20. A filter, characterized in that, The device includes a first resonator, which is the resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 19. The first resonator includes a first electrode and a second electrode, both of which are located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. The first electrode and the end of the waveguide are connected. The first electrode and the waveguide are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second electrode and the first electrode form a capacitor. The two second electrodes are electrically connected to the input port and the output port, respectively.

21. The filter according to claim 20, characterized in that, The filter also includes a second resonator, which is connected in series with the first resonator.

22. The filter according to claim 21, characterized in that, The first resonator includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide, and the second resonator includes a third waveguide and a fourth waveguide. The first waveguide is electrically connected to the input port, the fourth waveguide is electrically connected to the output port, and the second waveguide and the third waveguide are electrically connected.

23. The filter according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The first resonator and the second resonator are located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction; and / or, the first resonator and the second resonator are stacked in the first direction.

24. A radio frequency module, characterized in that, It includes the resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or the filter according to any one of claims 20 to 23.

25. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes the resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or the filter according to any one of claims 20 to 23.

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