Apparatus and method for generating OCV profile

Abstract

An apparatus for generating an OCV profile according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a battery information obtaining unit configured to obtain a first OCV of each of a plurality of batteries, a first SOC corresponding to the first OCV, a second OCV, a second SOC corresponding to the second OCV, a current integration amount corresponding to an SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and a first SOH; and a control unit configured to determine a third SOC and a fourth SOC by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC so that the first SOH for the first SOC corresponds to a first target SOH for each of the plurality of batteries, and generate an OCV profile indicating a correspondence relationship between an SOC and an OCV of the plurality of batteries on the basis of a correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC and a correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the fourth SOC.

Description

OCV profile generation device and method

[0001] This application is a priority application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0144014 filed on October 21, 2024, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of said application are incorporated into this application by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for generating an OCV profile, and more specifically, to an apparatus and method for generating an OCV profile that reflects the current state of a battery.

[0003] Recently, as the demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, video cameras, and mobile phones has increased rapidly, and the development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, and satellites has accelerated, research on high-performance batteries capable of repeated charging and discharging is actively underway.

[0004] Currently commercialized batteries include nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen, nickel-zinc, and lithium batteries. Among these, lithium batteries are gaining attention for their advantages, such as the ability to freely charge and discharge with almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, a very low self-discharge rate, and high energy density.

[0005] While much research is being conducted on these batteries in terms of increasing capacity and density, improving lifespan and safety is also important. To enhance battery safety, technology capable of accurately diagnosing the battery's current state is required.

[0006] In particular, the State of Charge (SOC) of a battery in the Beginning of Life (BOL) state can be estimated using an initially set Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) profile. However, as the battery is used, the correspondence between SOC and OCV may change due to various causes. For example, the correspondence between SOC and OCV may change depending on battery degradation, charging patterns, or discharging patterns. Therefore, it is not appropriate to estimate the SOC of a battery in the Middle of Life (MOL) state using an initially set OCV profile. Accordingly, to more accurately estimate the current state of the battery, a technology is required to generate an OCV profile that is more suitable for the battery.

[0007] The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems and aims to provide an OCV profile capable of estimating the SOC corresponding to the current state of the battery.

[0008] Other objects and advantages of the present invention may be understood from the following description and will become more clearly apparent from the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims.

[0009] An OCV profile generating device according to one aspect of the present invention may include: a battery information acquiring unit configured to acquire a first OCV for each of a plurality of batteries, a first SOC corresponding to the first OCV, a second OCV, a second SOC corresponding to the second OCV, a current integrated amount corresponding to the SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and a first SOH; and a control unit configured to determine a third SOC and a fourth SOC by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC for each of the plurality of batteries so that the first SOH corresponding to the first SOC corresponds to a first target SOH, and to generate an OCV profile representing the correspondence relationship between the SOC and OCV of the plurality of batteries based on the correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC and the correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the fourth SOC.

[0010] The control unit may be configured to generate a first OCV profile representing a correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC of the plurality of batteries, generate a second OCV profile representing a correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the fourth SOC of the plurality of batteries, and generate an OCV profile by merging the first OCV profile and the second OCV profile.

[0011] The control unit may be configured to determine the OCV corresponding to each SOC included in the SOC section as the average value of the corresponding first OCV and the second OCV when there is an SOC section where the first OCV profile and the second OCV profile overlap.

[0012] The control unit may be configured to determine a first SOH profile representing a correspondence relationship between the first SOC and the first SOH, and to set a representative value of the determined first SOH profile as the first target SOH.

[0013] The control unit may be configured to estimate the second SOH of each of the plurality of batteries based on the adjusted first SOC, the adjusted second SOC, and the current integration amount, determine a second SOH profile representing the correspondence relationship between the adjusted first SOC and the second SOH, and determine the adjusted first SOC and the adjusted second SOC, respectively, corresponding to the second SOH profile where the error with the first target profile corresponding to the first target SOH is minimized, as the third SOC and the fourth SOC, respectively.

[0014] The control unit may be configured to calculate the difference in SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, calculate the difference between the calculated SOC difference and the first target SOC corresponding to the first target SOH, calculate a first adjustment value added to the first SOC and a second adjustment value added to the second SOC based on the calculated difference, and adjust the first SOC and the second SOC while changing the first adjustment value and the second adjustment value.

[0015] The control unit may be configured to calculate the first adjustment value by adding a first weight to the calculated difference and to calculate the second adjustment value by adding a second weight to the calculated difference.

[0016] The control unit may be configured to determine the 5th SOC and the 6th SOC by adjusting the 3rd SOC and the 4th SOC so that the 2nd SOH of the plurality of batteries, estimated to correspond to the 3rd SOC and the 4th SOC, corresponds to the 2nd target SOH, and to generate an OCV profile representing the correspondence relationship between the SOC and OCV of the plurality of batteries based on the correspondence relationship between the 1st OCV and the 5th SOC and the correspondence relationship between the 2nd OCV and the 6th SOC.

[0017] The control unit may be configured to determine a third SOH profile representing the correspondence between the fourth SOC and the second SOH, and to set a representative value of the determined third SOH profile as the second target SOH.

[0018] The control unit may be configured to estimate the third SOH of each of the plurality of batteries based on the adjusted third SOC, the adjusted fourth SOC, and the current integration amount, determine a fourth SOH profile representing the correspondence relationship between the adjusted fourth SOC and the third SOH, and determine the adjusted third SOC and the adjusted fourth SOC, respectively, corresponding to the fourth SOH profile where the error with the second target profile corresponding to the second target SOH is minimized, as the fifth SOC and the sixth SOC, respectively.

[0019] The control unit may be configured to calculate the difference in SOC between the third SOC and the fourth SOC, calculate the difference between the second target SOCs so as to correspond to the calculated difference in SOC and the second target SOC, calculate a third adjustment value added to the third SOC and a fourth adjustment value added to the fourth SOC based on the calculated difference, and adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC while changing the third adjustment value and the fourth adjustment value.

[0020] The control unit may be configured to calculate the third adjustment value by adding a third weight to the calculated difference and to calculate the fourth adjustment value by adding a fourth weight to the calculated difference.

[0021] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention may include an OCV profile generating device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0022] A server according to another aspect of the present invention may include an OCV profile generation device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0023] A method for generating an OCV profile according to another aspect of the present invention may include: a battery information acquisition step of acquiring a first OCV for each of a plurality of batteries, a first SOC corresponding to the first OCV, a second OCV, a second SOC corresponding to the second OCV, a current integration amount corresponding to the SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and a first SOH; an SOC adjustment step of determining a third SOC and a fourth SOC for each of the plurality of batteries by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC so that the first SOH corresponding to the first SOC corresponds to a first target SOH; and an OCV profile generation step of generating an OCV profile representing the correspondence relationship between the SOC and the OCV of the plurality of batteries based on the correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC and the correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the fourth SOC.

[0024] A computer-readable recording medium according to another aspect of the present invention may store a computer program for executing an OCV profile generation method comprising: a battery information acquisition step of acquiring a first OCV for each of a plurality of batteries, a first SOC corresponding to the first OCV, a second OCV, a second SOC corresponding to the second OCV, a current integrated amount corresponding to the SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and a first SOH; an SOC adjustment step of determining a third SOC and a fourth SOC for each of the plurality of batteries by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC so that the first SOH corresponding to the first SOC corresponds to a first target SOH; and an OCV profile generation step of generating an OCV profile representing the correspondence relationship between the SOC and OCV of the plurality of batteries based on the correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC and the correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the fourth SOC.

[0025] The present invention has the advantage of being able to generate an OCV profile that more accurately reflects the current state of the battery.

[0026] The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description in the claims.

[0027] The following drawings attached to this specification serve to further enhance understanding of the technical concept of the invention in conjunction with the detailed description of the invention set forth below; therefore, the invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the matters described in such drawings.

[0028] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an OCV profile generation device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating battery information according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] FIGS. 3 to 6 are schematic diagrams illustrating an SOC-SOH dataset according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first SOC-OCV dataset according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second SOC-OCV dataset according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an OCV profile according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a server according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for generating an OCV profile according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical spirit of the invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the terms to best describe his invention.

[0038] Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention; thus, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications that can replace them may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0039] In addition, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of related known components or functions may obscure the essence of the invention, such detailed description is omitted.

[0040] Terms including ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., are used for the purpose of distinguishing one of the various components from the rest, and are not used to limit the components by such terms.

[0041] Throughout the specification, when a part is described as "including" a certain component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components.

[0042] Additionally, throughout the specification, when it is said that a part is "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where they are "directly connected," but also cases where they are "indirectly connected" with other components in between.

[0043]

[0044] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0045] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an OCV (Open circuit voltage) profile generating device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 1, the OCV profile generating device (100) may include a battery information acquisition unit (110) and a control unit (120).

[0047] The battery information acquisition unit (110) can acquire battery information including OCV (Open circuit voltage), SOC (State of charge), current accumulation amount, and SOH (State of health) for each of the plurality of batteries.

[0048] Specifically, the battery information acquisition unit (110) may be configured to acquire a first OCV for each of the plurality of batteries, a first SOC corresponding to the first OCV, a second OCV, a second SOC corresponding to the second OCV, a current integrated amount corresponding to the SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and a first SOH.

[0049] Here, a battery refers to a single independent cell that is physically separable and equipped with a negative terminal and a positive terminal. For example, a lithium-ion battery or a lithium-polymer battery may be considered a battery. Additionally, the type of battery may be cylindrical, prismatic, or pouch type. Furthermore, a battery may refer to a battery bank, battery module, or battery pack in which a plurality of cells are connected in series and / or parallel.

[0050] Preferably, the plurality of batteries may be of the same type. That is, since the OCV profile generated by the OCV profile generation device (100) is applied commonly to the plurality of batteries, it is preferable for the battery information acquisition unit (100) to acquire battery information of the plurality of batteries of the same type.

[0051] For the sake of convenience of explanation, the following description assumes that multiple batteries are of the same type and have similar degradation levels.

[0052] Additionally, preferably, a plurality of batteries may be batteries with similar degradation levels within a predetermined range. Since the OCV profile generation device (100) generates an OCV profile based on battery information for a plurality of batteries, it is preferable for the battery information acquisition unit (100) to acquire battery information for a plurality of batteries with similar degradation levels.

[0053] Specifically, in the battery information acquired by the battery information acquisition unit (110), the first OCV and the first SOC correspond to each other, and the second OCV and the second SOC correspond to each other. For example, the first OCV is the OCV at the start of charging, and the first SOC is the SOC at the start of charging. Also, the second OCV is the OCV at the end of charging, and the second SOC is the SOC at the end of charging. As another example, the first OCV is the OCV at the end of discharging, and the first SOC is the SOC at the end of discharging. Also, the second OCV is the OCV at the start of discharging, and the second SOC is the SOC at the start of discharging. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the first OCV and the first SOC are described as values ​​at the start of charging, and the second OCV and the second SOC are described as values ​​at the end of charging.

[0054] FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating battery information according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 2 is an embodiment schematically illustrating a charging process in which the OCV of a battery increases from OCV1 to OCV2. Here, the first SOC is SOC1, which is the SOC at the start of charging, and the first OCV is OCV1, which is the OCV at the start of charging. And, the second SOC is SOC2, which is the SOC at the end of charging, and the second OCV is OCV2, which is the OCV at the end of charging.

[0055] In addition, the current integration amount of the battery information refers to the amount of current change during the process in which the battery's OCV changes from the first OCV to the second OCV or from the second OCV to the first OCV. For example, the current integration amount refers to the amount of charging current when the battery's OCV is charged from the first OCV to the second OCV.

[0056] Finally, the first SOH of the battery information is a value calculated based on the battery's first SOC, second SOC, current accumulation, and initial capacity. For example, the first SOH can be calculated using the following Equation 1.

[0057] [Formula 1]

[0058]

[0059] Here, SOH1 is the first SOH, SOC1 is the first SOC, and SOC2 is the second SOC. Q amphere is the integrated current, and Q init is the initial capacity of the battery. That is, the first SOH (SOH1) is the initial capacity (Q) for the SOC range from the first SOC (SOC1) to the second SOC (SOC2). init ) and current capacity (Q amphere It can be calculated as a ratio between ).

[0060] The battery information acquisition unit (110) can be connected to communicate with the outside wirelessly and / or via a wired connection. Additionally, the battery information acquisition unit (110) can acquire battery information by receiving battery information from the outside.

[0061] For example, the battery information acquisition unit (110) can receive all battery information including OCV, SOC, current accumulation amount and SOH from the outside.

[0062] As another example, the battery information acquisition unit (110) can receive some of the battery information from the outside and calculate the remaining information based on the received information.

[0063] The control unit (120) may be configured to determine the third SOC and the fourth SOC by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC so that the first SOH for the first SOC corresponds to the first target SOH for each of the plurality of batteries.

[0064] Here, the first target SOH can be pre-set as a reference value to which the first SOH of each of the plurality of batteries is to be adjusted. Specifically, the first target SOH can be pre-set based on the distribution of the first SOH with respect to the first SOC of the plurality of batteries. For example, the first target SOH can be pre-set to 90% based on the distribution of the first SOH with respect to the first SOC of the plurality of batteries.

[0065] Specifically, referring to the above-described Equation 1, the first SOH of the battery is related to the first SOC and the second SOC. That is, as the difference between the first SOC and the second SOC increases, the first SOH decreases, and as the difference between the SOC decreases, the first SOH increases. Therefore, the control unit (120) can adjust the first SOH to correspond to the first target SOH by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC.

[0066] For example, the control unit (120) can adjust the first SOH to correspond to the first target SOH by increasing or decreasing the first SOC and increasing or decreasing the second SOC. Then, the control unit (120) can determine the finally adjusted first SOC as the third SOC and the finally adjusted second SOC as the fourth SOC.

[0067] FIGS. 3 to 6 schematically illustrate SOC-SOH datasets according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the embodiment of FIG. 3 is a dataset showing a correspondence relationship between a first SOC and a first SOH, and the embodiment of FIG. 4 is a dataset showing a correspondence relationship between a second SOC and a first SOH. The embodiment of FIG. 5 is a dataset showing a correspondence relationship between a third SOC and a second SOH, and the embodiment of FIG. 6 is a dataset showing a correspondence relationship between a fourth SOC and a second SOH. Here, the second SOH is a SOH calculated based on the third SOC and the fourth SOC. That is, the embodiments of FIG. 3 and 4 are datasets showing a correspondence relationship between SOC and SOH before the first SOC and the second SOC are adjusted, and the embodiments of FIG. 5 and 6 are datasets showing a correspondence relationship between SOC and SOH after the first SOC and the second SOC are adjusted.

[0068] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first target SOH can be pre-set to t1[%]. And, the first target profile (P_t1) can be pre-set to correspond to the first target SOH. That is, the first target profile (P_t1) can be expressed by the following Equation 2.

[0069] [Equation 2]

[0070]

[0071] Here, P_t1 is the first target profile and t1 is the first target SOH. That is, the first target profile (P_t1) can be expressed as a constant function of the first target SOH (t1).

[0072] In addition, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first profile (P1) is a profile containing a representative value for each first SOC of the first SOC-SOH dataset (D_SOH1), and corresponds to the first SOH profile (P_SOH1) described later. Here, the representative value may include an average value, a median value, or a mode value, etc. Preferably, the representative value may be a median value.

[0073] The control unit (120) can determine a representative value of the first SOH for each first SOC and determine a first SOH profile (P_SOH1) that includes the determined representative values. When comparing the first profile (P1) and the first target profile (P_t1), it can be confirmed that a difference in the first SOH of the battery occurs depending on the first SOC. For example, when the first SOC is about 25% and when the first SOC is about 50%, the first SOH may differ by about 10%.

[0074] In addition, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the second profile (P2) is a profile that includes representative values ​​for each second SOC of the second SOC-SOH dataset (D_SOH2). That is, the control unit (120) can determine representative values ​​of the first SOH for each second SOC and determine the second profile (P2) that includes the determined representative values. When comparing the second profile (P2) with the first target profile (P_t1), it can be confirmed that a difference in the first SOH of the battery occurs depending on the second SOC. For example, when the second SOC is about 55% and when the second SOC is about 90%, the first SOH may differ by about 10%.

[0075] However, in reality, the SOH of the multiple batteries in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is similar and does not show a significant difference of about 10%. That is, in reality, the SOH of the batteries does not differ significantly, but the first SOH calculated according to the value of the first SOC or the second SOC may show a significant difference. This is because when the SOH of the battery is estimated by using the initial OCV profile set for the BOL (Beginning of life) state even when the battery is in a degraded state, the calculated first SOH does not accurately reflect the current SOH of the battery. Therefore, the control unit (120) can generate an OCV profile that more accurately reflects the current state of the battery by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC so that the first SOH corresponds to the first target SOH.

[0076] In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the third profile (P3) is a profile containing representative values ​​for the third SOC of the third SOC-SOH dataset (D_SOH3). In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the fourth profile (P4) is a profile containing representative values ​​for the fourth SOC of the fourth SOC-SOH dataset (D_SOH4). That is, referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, according to the third SOC (final result value adjusted for the first SOC) and the fourth SOC (final result value adjusted for the second SOC), the estimated second SOH is very similar to the first target SOH. Therefore, the control unit (120) can first determine the third SOC and the fourth SOC, and generate an OCV profile that more accurately reflects the current state of the battery based on the determined third SOC and the fourth SOC.

[0077] The control unit (120) may be configured to generate an OCV profile representing the correspondence between the SOC and OCV of a plurality of batteries based on the correspondence between the first OCV and the third SOC and the correspondence between the second OCV and the fourth SOC.

[0078] Specifically, the control unit (120) may be configured to generate a first OCV profile (P_OCV1) representing a correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC of a plurality of batteries.

[0079] Here, since the third SOC is the final result value after the first SOC is adjusted, the third SOC corresponds to the first OCV. Therefore, the control unit (120) can generate a first OCV profile (P_OCV1) by considering the correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC.

[0080] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV1) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] Specifically, FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a first SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV1) representing the correspondence relationship between the third SOC and the first OCV. The first SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV1) can be represented on an XY plane in which the X-axis is set to the third SOC and the Y-axis is set to the first OCV.

[0082] The control unit (120) can generate a first OCV profile (P_OCV1) from a first SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV1). Here, the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) can be generated as a profile representing the correspondence relationship between the third SOC and the first OCV of a plurality of batteries in the first SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV1).

[0083] Specifically, the control unit (120) can determine a first OCV representative for each third SOC and generate a first OCV profile (P_OCV1) including the determined first OCVs. For example, the control unit (120) can determine a representative value of one or more first OCVs corresponding to each third SOC and generate a first OCV profile (P_OCV1) including the determined representative values. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 7, the minimum value of the first OCV corresponding to the third SOC 20[%] is V1[V], the maximum value is V2[V], and the median value is V3[V]. Therefore, according to the first OCV profile (P_OCV1), when the value of the third SOC is 20[%], the value of the first OCV corresponding to it is V3[V].

[0084] And, the control unit (120) may be configured to generate a second OCV profile (P_OCV2) representing the correspondence between the second OCV and the fourth SOC of a plurality of batteries.

[0085] Here, since the 4th SOC is the final result value after the 2nd SOC is adjusted, the 4th SOC corresponds to the 2nd OCV. Therefore, the control unit (120) can generate a 2nd OCV profile (P_OCV2) by considering the correspondence relationship between the 2nd OCV and the 4th SOC.

[0086] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV2) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Specifically, FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV2) representing the correspondence between the fourth SOC and the second OCV. The second SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV2) can be represented on an XY plane where the X-axis is set to the fourth SOC and the Y-axis is set to the second OCV.

[0088] The control unit (120) can generate a second OCV profile (P_OCV2) from a second SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV2). Here, the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) can be generated as a profile representing the correspondence relationship between the fourth SOC and the second OCV of a plurality of batteries in the second SOC-OCV dataset (D_OCV2).

[0089] Specifically, the control unit (120) can determine a second OCV representative for each fourth SOC and generate a second OCV profile (P_OCV2) including the determined second OCVs. For example, the control unit (120) can determine a representative value of one or more second OCVs corresponding to each fourth SOC and generate a second OCV profile (P_OCV2) including the determined representative values.

[0090] The control unit (120) may be configured to generate an OCV profile by merging the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2).

[0091] Specifically, since the scales of the third SOC and the fourth SOC are the same and the scales of the first OCV and the second OCV are the same, the control unit (120) can merge the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) as they are.

[0092] For example, it is assumed that the third SOC range of the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) is Sa[%] to Sb[%] and the first OCV range is Va[V] to Vb[V], the fourth SOC range of the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) is Sc[%] to Sd[%] and the second OCV range is Vc[V] to Vd[V], and that Sc[%] is less than or equal to Sb[%] and Vc[V] is less than or equal to Vb[V]. In this case, the SOC range of the third OCV profile (P_OCV3) formed by merging the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) is Sa[%] to Sd[%] and the OCV range is Va[V] to Vd[V].

[0093] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an OCV profile according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0094] In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the control unit (120) can generate a third OCV profile (P_OCV3) by merging the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2). Since the third SOC range of the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) is 0[%] to S2[%] and the fourth SOC range of the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) is S1[%] to 100[%], the SOC range of the third OCV profile (P_OCV3) is 0[%] to 100[%]. And, since the first OCV section of the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) is Va[V] to Vb[V] and the second OCV section of the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) is Vc[V] to Vd[V], the OCV section of the third OCV profile (P_OCV3) is Va[V] to Vd[V].

[0095] If there is an SOC section where the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) overlap, the control unit (120) may be configured to determine the OCV corresponding to each SOC included in the SOC section as the average value of the corresponding first OCV and second OCV.

[0096] Specifically, since the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) is a profile regarding the third SOC and first OCV of a plurality of batteries, and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) is a profile regarding the fourth SOC and second OCV of a plurality of batteries, there may be overlapping SOC intervals.

[0097] Considering the characteristics of the OCV profile, since the SOC and OCV must maintain a 1:1 relationship, the OCV corresponding to each SOC included in the overlapping SOC interval must be determined. However, since the first OCV and the second OCV are independent values, if the OCV corresponding to the SOC is determined as the first OCV or the second OCV, the OCV profile may not adequately reflect the battery's first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and second OCV profile (P_OCV2). Therefore, the control unit (120) can determine the OCV corresponding to each SOC included in the overlapping SOC interval as the average value of the first OCV and the second OCV.

[0098] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 9, the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) overlap at SOC S2[%]. The OCV corresponding to SOC S2[%] in the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) is V4[V], and the OCV corresponding to SOC S2[%] in the second OCV profile (P_OCV2) is V5[V]. The control unit (120) can determine V6[V], which corresponds to the average value of V4[V] and V5[V], as the OCV value corresponding to SOC S2[%].

[0099]

[0100] An OCV profile generating device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can adjust a first SOC and a second SOC so that the first SOH of a plurality of batteries corresponds to a first target SOH, and can generate an OCV profile for a plurality of batteries based on a first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and a second OCV profile (P_OCV2) derived as a result of the adjustment. That is, the OCV profile generating device (100) has the advantage of being able to generate an OCV profile that more accurately reflects the current state of the batteries.

[0101] In addition, the SOC of a battery can be estimated more accurately by using the OCV profile generated according to the present invention. This is because if an initial OCV profile that does not reflect the current state of the battery is used, the SOC of the battery may be estimated to an inappropriate value. Therefore, the present invention can help to estimate the current state of a battery more accurately by generating and providing an OCV profile that can estimate the state of the battery more accurately. That is, since the state of the battery can be diagnosed and / or monitored based on the generated OCV profile, the current state of the battery can be diagnosed and / or monitored more accurately.

[0102]

[0103] Meanwhile, the battery information acquisition unit (110) and / or control unit (120) provided in the OCV profile generation device (100) may optionally include a processor, an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit), another chipset, a logic circuit, a register, a communication modem, a data processing device, etc., known in the art to execute various control logics performed in the present invention. Additionally, when the control logic is implemented in software, the battery information acquisition unit (110) and / or control unit (120) may be implemented as a set of program modules. At this time, the program modules may be stored in memory and executed by the battery information acquisition unit (110) and / or control unit (120). The memory may be located inside or outside the battery information acquisition unit (110) and / or control unit (120) and may be connected to the battery information acquisition unit (110) and / or control unit (120) by various well-known means.

[0104] Additionally, the OCV profile generation device (100) may further include a storage unit (130). The storage unit (130) may store data or programs necessary for each component of the OCV profile generation device (100) to perform operations and functions, or data generated during the process of performing operations and functions. The storage unit (130) is not subject to any special restrictions on its type as long as it is a known information storage means known to be capable of recording, erasing, updating, and reading data. As an example, the information storage means may include RAM, flash memory, ROM, EEPROM, registers, etc. Additionally, the storage unit (130) may store program codes that define processes executable by each component of the OCV profile generation device (100).

[0105]

[0106] Below, the first target SOH will be described in detail.

[0107] In one embodiment, the first target SOH may be experimentally and / or theoretically predetermined based on the distribution of the first SOH of a plurality of batteries. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first target SOH may be set to 90% by considering the distribution of the first SOH of a plurality of batteries.

[0108] Specifically, the control unit (120) may be configured to determine a first SOH profile (P_SOH1) representing a correspondence relationship between the first SOC and the first SOH.

[0109] The first SOH profile (P_SOH1) is a profile containing representative values ​​for each first SOC of the first SOC-SOH dataset (D_SOH1). For example, the representative values ​​may be the average, median, or mode of one or more first SOHs corresponding to each first SOC. That is, the representative values ​​may be determined as a single first SOH capable of representing each first SOC. Furthermore, the first SOH profile (P_SOH1) may indicate the correspondence relationship between the first SOC and the determined representative values.

[0110] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first profile (P1) corresponds to the first SOH profile (P_SOH1). Assuming that the representative value representing each first SOC included in the first SOH profile (P_SOH1) is the median value, the control unit (120) can determine the median value of the first SOH for each first SOC and determine the first SOH profile (P_SOH1) that includes the determined median values.

[0111] The control unit (120) may be configured to set the representative value of the determined first SOH profile (P_SOH1) as the first target SOH.

[0112] Specifically, the representative value of the first SOH profile (P_SOH1) can be determined as a single first SOH that can represent the first SOH profile (P_SOH1). For example, the representative value may be the average value or median value of one or more first SOHs included in the first SOH range of the first SOH profile (P_SOH1).

[0113] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the control unit (120) can set the median value of the first SOH for the first SOH profile (P_SOH1) as the representative value. Then, the control unit (120) can set the set representative value as the first target SOH (t1).

[0114] That is, the OCV profile generating device (100) can determine a first SOH representing each first SOC to generate a first SOH profile (P_SOH1) in order to set a first target SOH representing the correspondence relationship between a first SOC and a first SOH for a plurality of batteries, and can determine a first SOH representing the generated first SOH profile (P_SOH1). The first target SOH set in this manner is used as a reference value for which the first SOH of each of the plurality of batteries must be adjusted. Accordingly, the OCV profile generating device (100) can provide significant assistance in more accurately estimating the SOC of the plurality of batteries by generating an OCV profile that appropriately reflects the current state of the plurality of batteries.

[0115]

[0116] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the control unit (120) adjusts the first SOC and the second SOC is described in more detail. Preferably, the control unit (120) can adjust the first SOC and the second SOC of each of the plurality of batteries. Therefore, it should be noted that the embodiment described below can be applied to each of the plurality of batteries.

[0117] The control unit (120) may be configured to calculate the difference in SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC.

[0118] Referring to Equation 1, the first SOH of the battery may be related to the difference in SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC. Also, since the current accumulation is the actual measured current amount and the initial capacity is a preset value, it is difficult to consider it as a subject for adjustment. Therefore, the control unit (120) can first calculate the difference in SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC before adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC.

[0119] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the SOC difference can be calculated as the difference between the second SOC and the first SOC. More specifically, the control unit (120) can calculate the SOC difference as the value obtained by subtracting the first SOC from the second SOC.

[0120] The control unit (120) may be configured to calculate the difference between the calculated SOC difference and the first target SOC corresponding to the first target SOH.

[0121] Specifically, the first target SOC is a value used in the process of calculating the first target SOH, and can be calculated based on the current integration amount, initial capacity, and the first target SOH. That is, the first target SOC is the SOC difference used to calculate the first target SOH using the current integration amount and the initial capacity.

[0122] For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the target SOC corresponding to the target SOH using Equation 3.

[0123] [Equation 3]

[0124]

[0125] Here, SOH t is the target SOH, and SOC tis the target SOC. That is, if the first target SOH is substituted as the target SOH in Equation 3, the first target SOC can be calculated as the target SOC.

[0126] And, the control unit (120) can calculate the difference between the first SOC and the second SOC and the difference between the first target SOC. For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the difference using the following Equation 4.

[0127] [Equation 4]

[0128]

[0129] Here, SOC2-SOC1 is the difference in SOC between the first SOC (SOC1) and the second SOC (SOC2), and SOC t1 is the first target SOC. Therefore, dSOC1 is the SOC difference between the first SOC (SOC1) and the second SOC (SOC2) and the first target SOC (SOC t1 It is the difference of ).

[0130] The control unit (120) may be configured to calculate a first adjustment value added to the first SOC and a second adjustment value added to the second SOC, respectively, based on the calculated difference.

[0131] Specifically, the control unit (120) can calculate a first adjustment value and a second adjustment value, respectively, based on the calculated difference. Here, the first adjustment value is an adjustment constant used to adjust the first SOC by adding it to the first SOC. And, the second adjustment value is an adjustment constant used to adjust the second SOC by adding it to the second SOC.

[0132] Preferably, the control unit (120) can divide the calculated difference to calculate a first adjustment value and a second adjustment value. For example, the control unit (120) can divide the calculated difference into an x:y ratio, set a value corresponding to the x ratio of the calculated difference as the first adjustment value, and set a value corresponding to the y ratio of the calculated difference as the second adjustment value. As a specific example, when x and y are 5, the first adjustment value and the second adjustment value can be calculated as values ​​calculated according to the formula "calculated difference ÷ 2".

[0133] For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the first adjustment value and the second adjustment value using the following formulas 5 and 6.

[0134] [Formula 5]

[0135]

[0136] [Equation 6]

[0137]

[0138] Here, k1 is the first adjustment value, k2 is the second adjustment value, and dSOC1 is the SOC difference between the first SOC (SOC1) and the second SOC (SOC2) and the first target SOC (SOC t1 It is the difference of ). And, α is the first weight, and 1-α is the second weight.

[0139] That is, the control unit (120) may be configured to calculate a first adjustment value (k1) by adding a first weight (α) to the calculated difference (dSOC1). And, the control unit (120) may be configured to calculate a second adjustment value (k2) by adding a second weight (1-α) to the calculated difference (dSOC1).

[0140] The control unit (120) may be configured to adjust the first SOC and the second SOC while changing the first adjustment value and the second adjustment value.

[0141] Specifically, the control unit (120) can change the first adjustment value and the second adjustment value while changing the first weight and the second weight. And, the control unit (120) can adjust the first SOC and the second SOC based on the changed first adjustment value and the changed second adjustment value.

[0142] For example, the control unit (120) can adjust the first SOC and the second SOC by subtracting the first adjustment value from the first SOC and adding the second adjustment value to the second SOC.

[0143] Referring to Equations 5 and 6, the control unit (120) can determine a first adjustment value (k1) and a second adjustment value (k2) while changing the weight (α), and can adjust the first SOC and the second SOC based on the determined first adjustment value (k1) and the second adjustment value (k2).

[0144] An OCV profile generating device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can adjust a first SOC and a second SOC that affect the first SOH by changing weights in order to correspond the first SOH of a plurality of batteries to a first target SOH. Through this process, the first SOC and the second SOC are adjusted to reflect the state of the plurality of batteries, so the OCV profile based on the adjusted first SOC (i.e., the third SOC) and the adjusted second SOC (i.e., the fourth SOC) can better reflect the current state of the plurality of batteries.

[0145]

[0146] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the control unit (120) determines the third SOC and the fourth SOC as the result of adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC is described in more detail. The adjusted first SOC is the value of the first SOC adjusted during this adjustment process, and the adjusted second SOC is the value of the second SOC adjusted during this adjustment process. Furthermore, the explanation assumes that the third SOC and the fourth SOC are the values ​​derived as the final adjustment result.

[0147] The control unit (120) may be configured to estimate the second SOH of each of the plurality of batteries based on the adjusted first SOC, the adjusted second SOC, and the current accumulation amount.

[0148] Specifically, the control unit (120) can estimate the second SOH of each of the plurality of batteries from the adjusted first SOC and the adjusted second SOC by using the current accumulation amount and initial capacity included in the battery information acquired by the battery information acquisition unit (110).

[0149] That is, the current accumulation amount and initial capacity for each of the plurality of batteries are included in the battery information for the corresponding battery. Accordingly, the control unit (120) can estimate the second SOH based on the adjusted first SOC, adjusted second SOC, current accumulation amount, and initial capacity for each of the plurality of batteries.

[0150] For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the second SOH based on Equations 7 to 9.

[0151] [Equation 7]

[0152]

[0153] [Equation 8]

[0154]

[0155] [Formula 9]

[0156]

[0157] Here, SOH2 is the second SOH, and SOC 1_adj is the adjusted 1st SOC, and SOC 2_adj is the adjusted second SOC. That is, referring to Equations 1 and 7, when calculating the second SOH, the current integration amount (Q amphere ) and initial capacity (Q init ) is not adjusted, and only the first SOC (SOC1) and second SOC (SOC2) can be adjusted.

[0158] The control unit (120) may be configured to determine a second SOH profile (not shown) representing a corresponding relationship between the adjusted first SOC and the second SOH.

[0159] Specifically, the control unit (120) can determine a second SOH profile representing a correspondence between an adjusted first SOC and a second SOH, similar to how it determined a first SOH profile (P_SOH1) representing a correspondence between a first SOC and a first SOH.

[0160] The second SOH profile is a profile representing the correspondence between the adjusted first SOC and the representative value. For example, the representative value may be the average, median, or mode of one or more second SOHs corresponding to each adjusted first SOC. That is, the representative value may be determined as a single second SOH capable of representing each adjusted first SOC.

[0161] Preferably, the representative value of the first SOH profile (P_SOH1) and the representative value of the second SOH profile may be values ​​for the same item. That is, if the first SOH profile (P_SOH1) represents a correspondence between the first SOC and the median value of the first SOH, the second SOH profile may also represent a correspondence between the adjusted first SOC and the median value of the second SOH.

[0162] In addition, the second SOH profile can represent the correspondence between the adjusted first SOC and the determined representative value.

[0163] The control unit (120) may be configured to determine a second SOH profile that minimizes the error with the first target profile (P_t1) corresponding to the first target SOH, and to determine the adjusted first SOC and the adjusted second SOC corresponding to the determined second SOH profile as the third SOC and the fourth SOC, respectively.

[0164] Specifically, the control unit (120) can determine a second SOH profile based on the adjusted first SOC and the adjusted second SOC whenever the first SOC and the second SOC are adjusted, and calculate an error between the second SOH profile and the first target profile (P_t1).

[0165] More specifically, the control unit (120) can calculate the difference in SOH between the second SOH profile and the first target profile (P_t1) for each of the plurality of batteries. For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the difference between the SOH according to the second SOH profile and the SOH according to the first target profile (P_t1) for each adjusted first SOC. Then, the control unit (120) can calculate the error for the corresponding second SOH profile by summing all the calculated differences.

[0166] The control unit (120) can determine the minimum error among a plurality of errors calculated while adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC, and determine a second SOH profile corresponding to the minimum error. Then, the control unit (120) can determine the adjusted first SOC corresponding to the determined second SOH profile as the third SOC, and determine the adjusted second SOC corresponding to the determined second SOH profile as the fourth SOC.

[0167] For example, the control unit (120) can adjust the first SOC and the second SOC by decreasing the first weight from 1 by 0.01 and increasing the second weight from 0 by 0.01. That is, the first SOC and the second SOC can be adjusted 101 times. Since the control unit (120) generates a second SOH profile each time the first SOC and the second SOC are adjusted, a total of 101 second SOH profiles can be generated. The control unit (120) can calculate the error between each of the 101 second SOH profiles and the first target profile (P_t1) and determine the second SOH profile with the minimum calculated error. The control unit (120) can determine the adjusted first SOC and the adjusted second SOC corresponding to the determined second SOH profile as the third SOC and the fourth SOC, respectively. Finally, the control unit (120) can generate an OCV profile representing the correspondence between the SOC and OCV of a plurality of batteries based on the correspondence between the first OCV and the third SOC and the correspondence between the second OCV and the fourth SOC.

[0168] In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the third profile (P3) represents the correspondence relationship between the third SOC and the second SOH. That is, the third SOC can be determined because the error between the third profile (P3) and the first target profile (P_t1) is minimized among the multiple errors calculated by the control unit (120). And, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the fourth profile (P4) represents the correspondence relationship between the fourth SOC corresponding to the third SOC and the second SOH.

[0169]

[0170] Below, an embodiment is described in which the control unit (120) generates an OCV profile by further considering the third SOC and the fourth SOC. That is, the control unit (120) can generate an OCV profile by further adjusting the third SOC and the fourth SOC after determining the third SOC and the fourth SOC by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC.

[0171] Specifically, in the preceding embodiment, the control unit (120) adjusts the first SOC and the second SOC, determines the third SOC and the fourth SOC based on the correspondence between the adjusted first SOC and the second SOC, and generates an OCV profile based on the third SOC and the fourth SOC.

[0172] In the embodiment described below, the control unit (120) can determine the third SOC and the fourth SOC, then further adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC, determine the fifth SOC and the sixth SOC based on the correspondence between the adjusted fourth SOC and the third SOC, and generate an OCV profile based on the fifth SOC and the sixth SOC.

[0173] The control unit (120) may be configured to determine the 5th SOC and 6th SOC by adjusting the 3rd SOC and 4th SOC so that the 2nd SOH of a plurality of batteries, estimated to correspond to the 3rd SOC and 4th SOC, corresponds to the 2nd target SOH.

[0174] Here, the second target SOH can be pre-set as a reference value to which the second SOH of each of the plurality of batteries is to be adjusted. Specifically, the second target SOH can be pre-set based on the distribution of the second SOH with respect to the fourth SOC of the plurality of batteries. For example, the second target SOH can be pre-set to 90% based on the distribution of the second SOH with respect to the fourth SOC of the plurality of batteries.

[0175] Preferably, the control unit (120) can adjust the second SOH to correspond to the second target SOH by increasing or decreasing the third SOC and increasing or decreasing the fourth SOC. Then, the control unit (120) can determine the finally adjusted third SOC as the fifth SOC and the finally adjusted fourth SOC as the sixth SOC. The process of determining the fifth SOC and the sixth SOC is similar to the process of determining the third SOC and the fourth SOC.

[0176] More specifically, the control unit (120) can adjust the third SOC by adding a third weight to the third SOC and adjust the fourth SOC by adding a fourth weight to the fourth SOC. Then, the control unit (120) can determine the final result value of the adjusted third SOC as the fifth SOC and determine the final result value of the adjusted fourth SOC as the sixth SOC.

[0177] The control unit (120) may be configured to generate an OCV profile representing the correspondence between the SOC and OCV of a plurality of batteries based on the correspondence between the first OCV and the fifth SOC and the correspondence between the second OCV and the sixth SOC.

[0178] Specifically, the control unit (120) may be configured to generate a first OCV profile (P_OCV1) representing a correspondence relationship between a first OCV and a fifth SOC of a plurality of batteries. Additionally, the control unit (120) may be configured to generate a second OCV profile (P_OCV2) representing a correspondence relationship between a second OCV and a sixth SOC of a plurality of batteries.

[0179] Finally, the control unit (120) may be configured to generate an OCV profile by merging the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2). If there is an overlapping SOC section between the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2), the control unit (120) may be configured to determine the OCV corresponding to each SOC included in the SOC section as the average value of the corresponding first OCV and second OCV.

[0180] That is, the OCV profile generating device (100) can generate an OCV profile that more accurately reflects the current state of multiple batteries by primarily adjusting the dataset based on the first SOC and secondarily adjusting the dataset based on the second SOC (specifically, the fourth SOC).

[0181]

[0182] The control unit (120) may be configured to determine a third SOH profile (P_SOH3) representing the correspondence between the fourth SOC and the second SOH.

[0183] The third SOH profile (P_SOH3) is a profile containing representative values ​​for each fourth SOC of the fourth SOC-SOH dataset (D_SOH4). For example, the representative values ​​may be the average, median, or mode of one or more second SOHs corresponding to each fourth SOC. That is, the representative values ​​may be determined as a single second SOH capable of representing each fourth SOC. Furthermore, the third SOH profile (P_SOH3) may indicate the correspondence relationship between the fourth SOC and the determined representative values.

[0184] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the fourth profile (P4) corresponds to the third SOH profile (P_SOH3). Assuming that the representative value representing each fourth SOC included in the third SOH profile (P_SOH3) is the median value, the control unit (120) can determine the median value of the second SOH for each fourth SOC and determine the third SOH profile (P_SOH3) that includes the determined median values.

[0185] The control unit (120) may be configured to set the representative value of the determined third SOH profile (P_SOH3) as the second target SOH.

[0186] Specifically, the representative value of the third SOH profile (P_SOH3) can be determined as a single second SOH that can represent the third SOH profile (P_SOH3). For example, the representative value may be the average value or median value of one or more second SOHs included in the second SOH range of the third SOH profile (P_SOH3).

[0187] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the control unit (120) can set the median value of the second SOH for the third SOH profile (P_SOH3) as the representative value. Then, the control unit (120) can set the set representative value as the second target SOH (t2).

[0188]

[0189] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the control unit (120) determines the 5th SOC and the 6th SOC as the result of adjusting the 3rd SOC and the 4th SOC is described in more detail. The adjusted 3rd SOC is the value of the 3rd SOC adjusted during this adjustment process, and the adjusted 4th SOC is the value of the 4th SOC adjusted during this adjustment process. Furthermore, the explanation assumes that the 5th SOC and the 6th SOC are the values ​​derived as the final adjustment result.

[0190] The control unit (120) may be configured to estimate the third SOH of each of the plurality of batteries based on the adjusted third SOC, the adjusted fourth SOC, and the current accumulation amount.

[0191] Specifically, the control unit (120) can estimate the third SOH of each of the plurality of batteries from the adjusted third SOC and the adjusted fourth SOC by using the current accumulation amount and initial capacity included in the battery information acquired by the battery information acquisition unit (110).

[0192] For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the third SOH based on Equations 10 to 12.

[0193] [Formula 10]

[0194]

[0195] [Equation 11]

[0196]

[0197] [Equation 12]

[0198]

[0199] Here, SOH3 is the third SOH, and SOC 3_adj is the adjusted 3rd SOC, and SOC 4_adj is the adjusted 4th SOC. k3 is the 3rd adjustment value, and k4 is the 4th adjustment value. A detailed explanation of the 3rd adjustment value (k3) and the 4th adjustment value (k4) will be provided later using Equations 15 and 16.

[0200] That is, referring to Equations 1 and 10, when calculating the third SOH, the initial capacity (Q amphere ) and initial capacity (Q init ) is not adjusted, and only the 3rd SOC (SOC3) and 4th SOC (SOC4) can be adjusted.

[0201] The control unit (120) may be configured to determine a fourth SOH profile (not shown) representing the corresponding relationship between the adjusted fourth SOC and the third SOH.

[0202] Specifically, the control unit (120) can determine a fourth SOH profile representing a correspondence between a adjusted fourth SOC and a third SOH, similar to how it determined a second SOH profile representing a correspondence between an adjusted first SOC and a second SOH.

[0203] The fourth SOH profile is a profile representing the correspondence between the adjusted fourth SOC and the representative value. For example, the representative value may be the average, median, or mode of one or more third SOHs corresponding to each adjusted fourth SOC. That is, the representative value may be determined as a single third SOH capable of representing each adjusted fourth SOC.

[0204] Preferably, the representative value of the third SOH profile (P_SOH3) and the representative value of the fourth SOH profile may be values ​​for the same item. That is, if the third SOH profile (P_SOH3) represents a correspondence between the median value of the fourth SOC and the second SOH, the fourth SOH profile may also represent a correspondence between the adjusted median value of the fourth SOC and the third SOH.

[0205] In addition, the 4th SOH profile can represent the correspondence between the adjusted 4th SOC and the determined representative value.

[0206] The control unit (120) may be configured to determine the adjusted third SOC and the adjusted fourth SOC, respectively, corresponding to the fourth SOH profile where the error with the second target profile (P_t2) corresponding to the second target SOH is minimized, as the fifth SOC and the sixth SOC, respectively.

[0207] In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the second target SOH can be pre-set to t2[%]. And, the second target profile (P_t2) can be pre-set to correspond to the second target SOH. That is, the second target profile (P_t2) can be expressed by the following Equation 13.

[0208] [Equation 13]

[0209]

[0210] Here, P_t2 is the second target profile and t2 is the second target SOH. That is, the second target profile (P_t2) can be expressed as a constant function of the second target SOH (t2).

[0211] Specifically, the control unit (120) can determine a fourth SOH profile based on the adjusted third SOC and the adjusted fourth SOC whenever the third SOC and the fourth SOC are adjusted, and calculate the error between the fourth SOH profile and the second target profile (P_t2).

[0212] More specifically, the control unit (120) can calculate the difference in SOH between the fourth SOH profile and the second target profile (P_t2) for each of the plurality of batteries. For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the difference between the SOH according to the fourth SOH profile and the SOH according to the second target profile (P_t2) for each adjusted fourth SOC. Then, the control unit (120) can calculate the error for the corresponding fourth SOH profile by summing all the calculated differences.

[0213] The control unit (120) can determine the minimum error among the multiple errors calculated while adjusting the third SOC and the fourth SOC, and determine the fourth SOH profile corresponding to the minimum error. Then, the control unit (120) can determine the adjusted third SOC corresponding to the determined fourth SOH profile as the fifth SOC, and determine the adjusted fourth SOC corresponding to the determined fourth SOH profile as the sixth SOC.

[0214] For example, the control unit (120) can adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC by decreasing the third weight from 1 by 0.01 and increasing the fourth weight from 0 by 0.01. That is, the third SOC and the fourth SOC can be adjusted 101 times. Since the control unit (120) generates a fourth SOH profile each time the third SOC and the fourth SOC are adjusted, a total of 101 fourth SOH profiles can be generated. The control unit (120) can calculate the error between each of the 101 fourth SOH profiles and the second target profile (P_t2) and determine the fourth SOH profile with the minimum calculated error. The control unit (120) can determine the adjusted third SOC and the adjusted fourth SOC corresponding to the determined fourth SOH profile as the fifth SOC and the sixth SOC, respectively. Finally, the control unit (120) can generate an OCV profile representing the correspondence between the SOC and OCV of a plurality of batteries based on the correspondence between the first OCV and the fifth SOC and the correspondence between the second OCV and the sixth SOC.

[0215]

[0216] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the control unit (120) adjusts the third SOC and the fourth SOC is described in more detail. Preferably, the control unit (120) can adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC of each of the plurality of batteries. Therefore, it should be noted that the embodiment described below can be applied to each of the plurality of batteries.

[0217] The control unit (120) may be configured to calculate the difference in SOC between the third SOC and the fourth SOC.

[0218] Specifically, the control unit (120) can calculate the value obtained by subtracting the third SOC from the fourth SOC as the SOC difference.

[0219] The control unit (120) may be configured to calculate the difference between the second target SOCs so as to correspond to the calculated SOC difference and the second target SOH.

[0220] Specifically, the second target SOC is a value used in the process of calculating the second target SOH, and can be calculated based on the current integration amount, initial capacity, and the second target SOH. That is, the second target SOC is the SOC difference used to calculate the second target SOH using the current integration amount and the initial capacity. Therefore, when the second target SOH is substituted as the target SOH into Equation 3, the second target SOC can be calculated as the target SOH.

[0221] And, the control unit (120) can calculate the difference between the third SOC and the fourth SOC and the difference between the second target SOC. For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the difference using the following Equation 14.

[0222] [Equation 14]

[0223]

[0224] Here, SOC4-SOC3 is the difference in SOC between the 4th SOC (SOC4) and the 3rd SOC (SOC3), and SOC t2 is the second target SOC. Therefore, dSOC2 is the SOC difference between the fourth SOC (SOC4) and the third SOC (SOC3) and the second target SOC (SOC t2 It is the difference of ).

[0225] The control unit (120) may be configured to calculate a third adjustment value added to the third SOC and a fourth adjustment value added to the fourth SOC, respectively, based on the calculated difference.

[0226] Specifically, the control unit (120) can calculate a third adjustment value and a fourth adjustment value, respectively, based on the calculated difference. Here, the third adjustment value is an adjustment constant used to adjust the third SOC by adding it to the third SOC. And, the fourth adjustment value is an adjustment constant used to adjust the fourth SOC by adding it to the fourth SOC.

[0227] Preferably, the control unit (120) can divide the calculated difference to calculate a third adjustment value and a fourth adjustment value. For example, the control unit (120) can divide the calculated difference by an x:y ratio, set a value corresponding to the x ratio of the calculated difference as the third adjustment value, and set a value corresponding to the y ratio of the calculated difference as the fourth adjustment value. As a specific example, when x and y are 5, the third adjustment value and the fourth adjustment value can be calculated as values ​​calculated according to the formula "calculated difference ÷ 2".

[0228] For example, the control unit (120) can calculate the third adjustment value and the fourth adjustment value using the following formulas 15 and 16.

[0229] [Formula 15]

[0230]

[0231] [Equation 16]

[0232]

[0233] Here, k3 is the third adjustment value, k4 is the fourth adjustment value, and dSOC2 is the SOC difference between the third SOC (SOC3) and the fourth SOC (SOC4) and the second target SOC (SOC t2 It is the difference of ). And, β is the third weight, and 1-β is the fourth weight.

[0234] That is, the control unit (120) may be configured to calculate a third adjustment value (k3) by adding a third weight (β) to the calculated difference (dSOC2). Additionally, the control unit (120) may be configured to calculate a fourth adjustment value (k4) by adding a fourth weight (1-β) to the calculated difference (dSOC2).

[0235] The control unit (120) may be configured to adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC while changing the third adjustment value and the fourth adjustment value.

[0236] Specifically, the control unit (120) can change the third adjustment value and the fourth adjustment value while changing the third weight and the fourth weight. And, the control unit (120) can adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC based on the changed third adjustment value and the changed fourth adjustment value.

[0237] For example, the control unit (120) can adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC by subtracting the third adjustment value from the third SOC and adding the fourth adjustment value to the fourth SOC.

[0238] Referring to Equations 15 and 16, the control unit (120) can determine a third adjustment value (k3) and a fourth adjustment value (k4) while changing the weight (β), and can adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC based on the determined third adjustment value (k3) and the fourth adjustment value (k4).

[0239]

[0240] The OCV profile generation device (100) according to the present invention can be applied to a Battery Management System (BMS). That is, the BMS according to the present invention may include the OCV profile generation device (100) described above. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the OCV profile generation device (100) may be implemented by supplementing or adding the functions of the components included in a conventional BMS. For example, the battery information acquisition unit (110), control unit (120), and storage unit (130) of the OCV profile generation device (100) may be implemented as components of the BMS.

[0241]

[0242] The OCV profile generating device (100) according to the present invention may be provided in a battery pack (10). That is, the battery pack (10) according to the present invention may include the above-described OCV profile generating device (100) and a battery assembly (11). In addition, the battery pack may further include electrical components (relays, fuses, etc.) and a case, etc.

[0243] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery pack (10) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0244] The battery set (11) may include a plurality of batteries electrically connected in series and / or parallel.

[0245] And, the positive terminal of the battery assembly (11) can be connected to the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack (10), and the negative terminal of the battery assembly (11) can be connected to the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (10).

[0246] The measuring unit (12) is electrically connected to the battery set (11) and can measure the voltage of each of the plurality of batteries included in the battery set (11).

[0247] Additionally, the measuring unit (12) may be connected to a current measuring unit (A). For example, the current measuring unit (A) may be an ammeter or a shunt resistor capable of measuring the charging current and discharging current of a plurality of batteries included in the battery assembly (11). The measuring unit (12) can calculate the charging amount by measuring the charging current of each of the plurality of batteries included in the battery assembly (11) through the current measuring unit (A). Furthermore, the measuring unit (12) can calculate the discharging amount by measuring the discharging current of each of the plurality of batteries included in the battery assembly (11) through the current measuring unit (A).

[0248] An external device may be connected to the positive terminal (P+) and the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (10). For example, the external device may be a charging device or a load. Also, the positive terminal of the battery assembly (11), the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack (10), the external device, the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (10), and the negative terminal of the battery assembly (11) may be electrically connected.

[0249] The OCV profile generating device (100) is provided inside the battery pack (10) and can be connected via wired and / or wireless means to communicate with the internal components of the battery pack (10). The OCV profile generating device (100) can obtain battery information from the internal components of the battery pack (10) and generate an OCV profile for a plurality of batteries included in a battery set (11) based on the obtained battery information.

[0250]

[0251] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a server (1) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0252] A server (1) according to another embodiment of the present invention may include an OCV profile generation device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0253] Specifically, the server (1) may be connected to communicate with a plurality of BMSs (2) via wired and / or wireless means. Here, the BMSs may be equipped in a vehicle, an ESS (Energy storage system), or a diagnostic device, etc. Preferably, the BMSs may be applied without limitation as long as they can measure and diagnose the condition of electrically connected batteries.

[0254] Additionally, the server (1) can store battery information received from a plurality of BMSs (2). Preferably, the server (1) can store battery information for batteries of the same type separately.

[0255] For example, battery information received from the BMS of vehicle A and battery information received from the BMS of vehicle B can be stored separately. And, the server (1) can generate an OCV profile for vehicle A based on multiple battery information for multiple vehicles A, and generate an OCV profile for vehicle B based on multiple battery information for multiple vehicles B. That is, the OCV profile for vehicle A is generated by reflecting the current state of the batteries equipped in multiple vehicles A, and the OCV profile for vehicle B can be generated by reflecting the current state of the batteries equipped in multiple vehicles B.

[0256] In addition, the server (1) can provide the generated OCV profile to the corresponding BMS. That is, by receiving an OCV profile from the server (1) that reflects the current state of the battery, the BMS can more accurately estimate the state of the battery it manages. In this way, by more accurately estimating the state of the battery managed by each BMS, the overall expected lifespan of the battery can be increased. Therefore, due to the increased lifespan of the battery, cost reduction and productivity improvement effects can be expected in various industrial environments where batteries are used. In particular, the effect can be even more pronounced in fields where high-efficiency batteries play an important role, such as electric vehicles, ESS, and military equipment.

[0257]

[0258] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for generating an OCV profile according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0259] Referring to FIG. 12, the OCV profile generation method may include a battery information acquisition step (S100), an SOC adjustment step (S200), and an OCV profile generation step (S300).

[0260] Preferably, each step of the OCV profile generation method can be performed by an OCV profile generation device (100). Hereinafter, for the convenience of explanation, content that overlaps with previously described content is omitted or briefly explained.

[0261] The battery information acquisition step (S100) is a step of acquiring a first OCV, a first SOC corresponding to the first OCV, a second OCV, a second SOC corresponding to the second OCV, a current integrated amount corresponding to the SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and a first SOH for each of the plurality of batteries, and can be performed by the battery information acquisition unit (110).

[0262] For example, the battery information acquisition unit (110) can receive all battery information including OCV, SOC, current accumulation amount and SOH from the outside.

[0263] As another example, the battery information acquisition unit (110) can receive some of the battery information from the outside and calculate the remaining information based on the received information.

[0264] The SOC adjustment step (S200) is a step of determining a third SOC and a fourth SOC by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC so that for each of the plurality of batteries, the first SOH for the first SOC corresponds to the first target SOH, and can be performed by the control unit (120).

[0265] For example, the control unit (120) can adjust the first SOH to correspond to the first target SOH by increasing or decreasing the first SOC and increasing or decreasing the second SOC. Then, the control unit (120) can determine the finally adjusted first SOC as the third SOC and the finally adjusted second SOC as the fourth SOC.

[0266] The OCV profile generation step (S300) is a step of generating an OCV profile that represents the correspondence between the SOC and OCV of a plurality of batteries based on the correspondence between the first OCV and the third SOC and the correspondence between the second OCV and the fourth SOC, and can be performed by the control unit (120).

[0267] Specifically, the control unit (120) may be configured to generate a first OCV profile (P_OCV1) representing a correspondence relationship between a first OCV and a third SOC of a plurality of batteries. Then, the control unit (120) may be configured to generate a second OCV profile (P_OCV2) representing a correspondence relationship between a second OCV and a fourth SOC of a plurality of batteries. Finally, the control unit (120) may be configured to generate an OCV profile by merging the first OCV profile (P_OCV1) and the second OCV profile (P_OCV2).

[0268]

[0269] The embodiments of the present invention described above are not limited to implementation through devices and methods, but may also be implemented through a program that realizes a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments of the present invention or a recording medium on which such a program is recorded. Such implementation can be easily achieved by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, based on the description of the embodiments described above.

[0270] Another embodiment of the present invention may provide a computer-readable recording medium having a program recorded thereon for executing the various embodiments described above on a computer.

[0271] A program may be implemented as hardware components, software components, and / or a combination of hardware and software components. A program may be executed by any system capable of executing computer-readable instructions.

[0272] Software may include computer programs, code, instructions, or a combination thereof, and may configure a processing unit to operate as desired or command the processing unit independently or collectively.

[0273] Software can be implemented as a computer program containing instructions stored on a computer-readable storage medium. Examples of computer-readable storage media include magnetic storage media (e.g., ROM (read-only memory), RAM (random-access memory), floppy disks, hard disks, etc.) and optical reading media (e.g., CD-ROMs, DVDs (Digital Versatile Discs)). Computer-readable storage media can be distributed across networked computer systems, allowing computer-readable code to be stored and executed in a distributed manner. The storage medium is readable by a computer, stored in memory, and can be executed by a processor.

[0274] Computer-readable recording media may be provided in the form of non-transitory recording media. Here, 'non-transitory storage media' simply means that it is a tangible device and does not contain a signal (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently and cases where it is stored temporarily. For example, 'non-transitory storage media' may include a buffer in which data is stored temporarily.

[0275] In addition, the program may be provided by being included in a computer program product. A computer program product may be traded between a seller and a buyer as a product.

[0276] A computer program product may include a software program or a computer-readable recording medium on which the software program is stored. For example, a computer program product may include a product in the form of a software program that is distributed electronically through a manufacturer of an electronic device or an electronic market (e.g., a downloadable application). For electronic distribution, at least a portion of the software program may be stored on a recording medium or temporarily created. In this case, the recording medium may be a server of the manufacturer of the electronic device, a server of the electronic market, or a recording medium of a relay server that temporarily stores the software program.

[0277] Although the present invention has been described above by limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims described below by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0278] Furthermore, since the present invention described above allows for various substitutions, modifications, and changes within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, it is not limited by the aforementioned embodiments and attached drawings, but rather all or part of each embodiment may be selectively combined to allow for various modifications.

[0279] (Explanation of symbols)

[0280] 1: Server

[0281] 2: Multiple BMS

[0282] 10: Battery pack

[0283] 11: Battery assembly

[0284] 12: Measurement section

[0285] 100: OCV Profile Generation Device

[0286] 110: Battery Information Acquisition Unit

[0287] 120: Control unit

[0288] 130: Storage section

Claims

1. A battery information acquisition unit configured to acquire a first OCV of each of a plurality of batteries, a first SOC corresponding to the first OCV, a second OCV, a second SOC corresponding to the second OCV, a current integrated amount corresponding to the SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and a first SOH; and An OCV profile generating device comprising a control unit configured to determine a third SOC and a fourth SOC by adjusting the first SOC and the second SOC for each of the plurality of batteries such that the first SOH corresponding to the first SOC corresponds to a first target SOH, and to generate an OCV profile representing the correspondence relationship between the SOC and OCV of the plurality of batteries based on the correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC and the correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the fourth SOC.

2. In Paragraph 1, The above control unit is, Generating a first OCV profile that represents the correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC of the plurality of batteries, and Generating a second OCV profile that represents the correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the fourth SOC of the plurality of batteries, and An OCV profile generating device configured to generate the OCV profile by merging the first OCV profile and the second OCV profile.

3. In Paragraph 2, The above control unit is, An OCV profile generating device configured to determine the OCV corresponding to each SOC included in the SOC section as the average value of the corresponding first OCV and the second OCV when there exists an SOC section where the first OCV profile and the second OCV profile overlap.

4. In Paragraph 1, The above control unit is, A first SOH profile representing the correspondence relationship between the first SOC and the first SOH is determined, and An OCV profile generating device configured to set the representative value of the determined first SOH profile as the first target SOH.

5. In Paragraph 1, The above control unit is, Estimating the second SOH of each of the plurality of batteries based on the adjusted first SOC, the adjusted second SOC, and the current integration amount, Determining a second SOH profile that represents the correspondence relationship between the above-adjusted first SOC and the above-adjusted second SOH, and An OCV profile generating device configured to determine the adjusted first SOC and the adjusted second SOC, each corresponding to the second SOH profile where the error with the first target profile corresponding to the first target SOH is minimized, as the third SOC and the fourth SOC, respectively.

6. In Paragraph 1, The above control unit is, Calculate the difference in SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and Calculate the difference between the calculated SOC difference and the first target SOC corresponding to the first target SOH, and Based on the calculated difference, a first adjustment value added to the first SOC and a second adjustment value added to the second SOC are each calculated, and An OCV profile generating device configured to adjust the first SOC and the second SOC while changing the first adjustment value and the second adjustment value.

7. In Paragraph 6, The above control unit is, The first adjustment value is calculated by adding a first weight to the difference calculated above, and An OCV profile generating device configured to calculate the second adjustment value by adding a second weight to the difference calculated above.

8. In Paragraph 1, The above control unit is, The 5th SOC and 6th SOC are determined by adjusting the 3rd SOC and the 4th SOC so that the 2nd SOH of the plurality of batteries, estimated to correspond to the 3rd SOC and the 4th SOC, corresponds to the 2nd target SOH. An OCV profile generating device configured to generate an OCV profile representing the correspondence relationship between the SOC and OCV of the plurality of batteries, based on the correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the fifth SOC and the correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the sixth SOC.

9. In Paragraph 8, The above control unit is, Determining a third SOH profile representing the correspondence relationship between the fourth SOC and the second SOH, and An OCV profile generating device configured to set the representative value of the determined third SOH profile as the second target SOH.

10. In Paragraph 8, The above control unit is, Estimating the third SOH of each of the plurality of batteries based on the adjusted third SOC, the adjusted fourth SOC, and the current integration amount, Determining a fourth SOH profile that represents the correspondence relationship between the above-adjusted fourth SOC and the above-adjusted third SOH, and An OCV profile generating device configured to determine the adjusted third SOC and the adjusted fourth SOC, each corresponding to the fourth SOH profile where the error with the second target profile corresponding to the second target SOH is minimized, as the fifth SOC and the sixth SOC, respectively.

11. In Paragraph 8, The above control unit is, Calculate the difference in SOC between the above 3rd SOC and the above 4th SOC, and The difference between the second target SOC is calculated to correspond to the calculated SOC difference and the second target SOH, and Based on the calculated difference, a third adjustment value added to the third SOC and a fourth adjustment value added to the fourth SOC are each calculated, and An OCV profile generating device configured to adjust the third SOC and the fourth SOC while changing the third adjustment value and the fourth adjustment value.

12. In Paragraph 11, The above control unit is, The third adjustment value is calculated by adding a third weight to the difference calculated above, and An OCV profile generation device configured to calculate the fourth adjustment value by adding a fourth weight to the difference calculated above.

13. A battery pack comprising an OCV profile generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A server comprising an OCV profile generating device according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 12.

15. A battery information acquisition step for acquiring a first OCV of each of a plurality of batteries, a first SOC corresponding to the first OCV, a second OCV, a second SOC corresponding to the second OCV, a current integrated amount corresponding to the SOC between the first SOC and the second SOC, and a first SOH; A SOC adjustment step for each of the plurality of batteries, wherein the first SOC and the second SOC are adjusted so that the first SOH corresponding to the first SOC corresponds to the first target SOH to determine the third SOC and the fourth SOC; and An OCV profile generation method comprising an OCV profile generation step of generating an OCV profile representing the correspondence relationship between the SOC and OCV of the plurality of batteries based on the correspondence relationship between the first OCV and the third SOC and the correspondence relationship between the second OCV and the fourth SOC.

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