Supportless integral-assembly-type cut-and-cover vehicular tunnel structure system and construction method

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a supportless integral-assembly-type cut-and-cover vehicular tunnel structure system and a construction method. A bottom slab of the lowermost tunnel is of a cast-in-place bottom slab structure. Side walls and a top slab of each tunnel are each of a composite slab structure, and the composite slab structure comprises a prefabricated slab facing the inside of a tunnel and a cast-in-place layer facing the outside of the tunnel. The cast-in-place layers of the side walls and the top slab of the uppermost tunnel are integrally cast, while the cast-in-place layers of the remaining side walls and those of the corresponding top slabs are independently cast. During construction, corner connecting members are provided between the bottom slab and the side walls, between the bottom slab and a middle partition wall, between the top slab and the side walls, or between the top slab and the middle partition wall of each tunnel. During construction, the side walls and the top slab of each tunnel are assembled one by one, and the prefabricated slab of each side wall and a wall-attaching enclosure are used as an in-situ casting formwork for concrete casting of the side wall. By means of the present invention, neither supports nor formworks are required during construction, thereby improving the efficiency and environment.

Description

Unsupported prefabricated monolithic open-cut vehicle tunnel structure system and construction method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of prefabricated open-cut tunnel construction technology, and particularly to an unsupported prefabricated integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Urban vehicular tunnels are typically constructed using the traditional open-cut and cast-in-place method, which suffers from numerous problems such as low construction efficiency, high labor costs, difficulty in ensuring quality, and poor construction environment. Prefabricated monolithic structures represent a new direction for addressing the issues of low construction efficiency and high labor costs associated with traditional open-cut and cast-in-place tunnels. However, their application is currently limited, and simplified formwork support systems have not been considered. The deployment of full-span scaffolding during construction results in lower construction efficiency and a poor construction environment, which has not been truly resolved.

[0003] Therefore, how to make the construction method of prefabricated open-cut vehicular tunnels more adaptable to the trend of green and industrial transformation in the industry, and how to promote the application of prefabricated technology in the field of open-cut tunnels have become technical problems that need to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an unsupported prefabricated integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system and construction method. The purpose is to enable the construction process to be carried out without the need for supports and formwork, thereby improving engineering efficiency, improving the construction environment, solving many problems of the traditional open-cut cast-in-place tunnel construction method, and forming better environmental and economic benefits.

[0005] To enhance the applicability of this invention, a challenging engineering context is chosen: the project is located in a core urban area with limited construction space and stringent environmental protection requirements. Therefore, the enclosure structure consists of a wall-mounted retaining wall and a dense internal support system, with the main structure's base slab serving a support-replacing function during construction. If the actual engineering application conditions are more favorable, adjustments and simplifications can be made to this design.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses an unsupported prefabricated integral open-cut vehicle tunnel structure system, comprising tunnels with one or more floors; all of the tunnels are located underground;

[0007] The bottom slab of the lowest tunnel is a cast-in-place structure using a precast bottom slab reinforced with a steel cage.

[0008] The sidewalls and roof of each layer of the tunnel are composite slab structures;

[0009] Each of the composite slab structures includes a precast slab facing the interior of the corresponding tunnel and a cast-in-place layer facing the exterior of the corresponding tunnel;

[0010] Except for the cast-in-place layer of the sidewall and top slab of the uppermost tunnel, which is cast as a single unit, the cast-in-place layer of the sidewall of each tunnel below the uppermost tunnel is cast separately from the cast-in-place layer of the corresponding top slab.

[0011] In a vehicular tunnel structure comprising two or more tunnels, the structure between any two adjacent tunnels is a middle slab.

[0012] The middle plate serves as the top plate of the tunnel below and as the bottom plate of the tunnel above;

[0013] During construction, corner connecting components are provided between the bottom slab and the sidewall, between the bottom slab and the central partition wall, between the top slab and the sidewall, or between the top slab and the central partition wall of each tunnel.

[0014] Preferably, each of the precast slabs has a precast steel bar for the corresponding cast-in-place layer on the side facing the corresponding cast-in-place layer.

[0015] Preferably, at least one layer of the tunnel is provided with at least one central partition wall extending along the length direction, dividing the tunnel into at least two compartments;

[0016] Each of the aforementioned partition walls is a precast slab;

[0017] Each of the precast slabs serving as the central partition wall is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane;

[0018] The bottom plate of the tunnel equipped with the central partition wall is provided with a second rectangular groove that opens toward the corresponding central partition wall at the corresponding position;

[0019] Each of the tunnels has a first rectangular groove at the position corresponding to the sidewall, which opens toward the corresponding sidewall.

[0020] All the second rectangular grooves and all the first rectangular grooves were filled with cast-in-place concrete.

[0021] More preferably, each of the corner connecting members includes an angle steel extending along the length direction of the corresponding tunnel;

[0022] Each of the angle steels has multiple reinforcing ribs along its length in the 90-degree angled groove.

[0023] Each of the angle steels is tightly attached to one side of the corresponding precast slab that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the other side is fixed by bolts and embedded sleeves.

[0024] Each of the aforementioned embedded sleeves is embedded in the corresponding base plate or in the precast slab of the corresponding top plate.

[0025] This invention also provides a construction method for an unsupported, prefabricated, integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, which consists of only one tunnel and is a single-compartment tunnel, including the following steps:

[0026] Step A1, Preparatory Works; Specifically includes foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring;

[0027] Step A2: Hoist the precast base slab reinforcement cage into place, and set embedded sleeves at the positions of each corner connecting component to complete the casting of the base slab cast-in-place structure, and reserve the first rectangular groove.

[0028] Step A3: Fix each of the corner connecting components to the base plate with bolts;

[0029] Step A4: Hoist the precast slabs corresponding to each side wall into place and erect them on the vertical supports, and temporarily fix each precast slab with diagonal braces;

[0030] Step A5: Hoist the precast slab corresponding to the top slab into place;

[0031] Step A6: Install the corresponding corner connecting member on the precast slab of the corresponding top slab. The corner connecting member is fixed to the top slab or bottom slab and closely attached to the side wall.

[0032] Step A7: Use the precast panels and wall-mounted enclosures of each side wall as templates for on-site casting of the side wall to pour concrete, fill the first rectangular groove, and after the concrete of the side wall has initially set, pour concrete at the joint and the top slab.

[0033] Step A8: After the concrete reaches its design strength, remove all the corner connecting members and all the diagonal braces.

[0034] This invention also provides a construction method for another unsupported, prefabricated, monolithic open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, which has two tunnel layers and is a single-compartment system, including the following steps:

[0035] Step B1, Preparatory Works; Specifically includes foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring;

[0036] Step B2: Hoist the precast base slab reinforcement cage into place, and set embedded sleeves at the positions of each corner connecting component to complete the casting of the base slab cast-in-place structure, and reserve the first rectangular groove.

[0037] Step B3: Fix each of the corner connecting components to the base plate with bolts;

[0038] Step B4: Hoist the precast slabs corresponding to each side wall into place and erect them on the vertical supports, and temporarily fix each precast slab with diagonal braces;

[0039] Step B5: Hoist the precast slab of the roof of the tunnel corresponding to the lower level into place;

[0040] Step B6: Install the corresponding corner connecting member on the precast slab of the top slab of the tunnel corresponding to the lower layer. The corner connecting member is fixed to the top slab or bottom slab and closely attached to the side wall.

[0041] Step B7: Use the precast panels and wall-mounted enclosures of each side wall as templates for on-site casting of the side wall and pour concrete.

[0042] Step B8: Pour concrete on the upper side of the precast slab of the top slab of the tunnel corresponding to the lower layer as the bottom slab of the upper layer tunnel, and install all the corner connecting components in the upper layer tunnel.

[0043] Step B9: Hoist the precast slabs corresponding to each side wall in the upper tunnel into place and erect them on the vertical supports, and temporarily fix each precast slab with diagonal braces;

[0044] Step B10: Hoist the precast slab of the corresponding roof slab of the upper tunnel into place;

[0045] Step B11: Install the corresponding corner connecting components on the precast slabs of the corresponding roof slabs in the upper tunnel layer and fix them to the precast slabs of each side wall.

[0046] Step B12: Use the precast slabs and wall-mounted retaining walls of each side wall of the upper tunnel as templates for on-site casting of concrete for the side walls, and after the concrete of the side walls has initially set, cast the concrete at the joints and the top slab.

[0047] Step B13: After the concrete reaches its design strength, remove all the corner connecting members and all the diagonal braces.

[0048] Preferably, if at least one partition wall extending along the length direction is provided in any of the tunnels, then when pouring the corresponding base slab, a second rectangular groove opening towards the corresponding partition wall is provided at the position corresponding to the partition wall.

[0049] And pre-embedded sleeves are provided on the top plate and the bottom plate on both sides of each of the aforementioned partition walls;

[0050] Then, the corner connecting member is installed by pre-embedded sleeve so that the corner connecting member is tightly attached to the central partition wall.

[0051] This invention also provides a third construction method for an unsupported, prefabricated, integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, which consists of only one tunnel layer and is dual-compartment, and includes the following steps:

[0052] Step C1, Preparatory Works; specifically including foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring;

[0053] Step C2: Hoist the precast base slab reinforcement cage into place, and set embedded sleeves at the positions of each corner connecting component to complete the casting of the base slab cast-in-place structure, and reserve the first rectangular groove.

[0054] Step C3: Fix each of the corner connecting components to the base plate with bolts;

[0055] Step C4: Hoist the precast slabs corresponding to each side wall and central partition wall into place and erect them on the vertical supports, and temporarily fix each precast slab with diagonal braces;

[0056] Step C5: Hoist the precast slab corresponding to the top slab into place;

[0057] Step C6: Install the corresponding corner connecting member on the precast slab of the corresponding top slab. The corner connecting member is fixed to the top slab or bottom slab and closely attached to the side wall.

[0058] Step C7: Use the precast panels and wall-mounted enclosures of each side wall as templates for on-site casting of the side wall, and after the concrete of the side wall has initially set, cast the concrete at the joints and the top slab.

[0059] Step C8: After the concrete reaches its design strength, remove all the corner connecting members and all the diagonal braces.

[0060] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0061] This invention enables the construction process to proceed without scaffolding or formwork, significantly improving the tunnel construction environment. It also boasts advantages such as low construction difficulty, high construction efficiency, adaptability to soft soil strata, strong structural integrity, and controllable quality. It solves the problems of low construction efficiency and poor construction environment associated with traditional open-cut cast-in-place tunnel construction methods. Compared with supported prefabricated monolithic structures, it offers a better construction environment and higher construction efficiency. Compared with fully prefabricated assembled structures, it is easier to construct, has lower costs, and is more suitable for the foundation pit support requirements in soft soil areas, resulting in better environmental and economic benefits.

[0062] The following will further explain the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0063] Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a single-compartment, single-layer structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a single-compartment double-layer structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a single-layer double-compartment structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a double-compartment, double-layer structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the corner connecting member in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step A2 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step A3 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step A4 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step A5 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step A6 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step A7 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step A8 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B2 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B3 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B4 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B5 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B6 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing steps B7 and B8 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B9 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B10 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B11 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] Figure 22 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B12 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Figure 23 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step B13 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Figure 24 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B2 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 25 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B3 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 26 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B4 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 27 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B5 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] Figure 28 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B6 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] Figure 29 shows a schematic diagram of the state of performing steps B7 and B8 in an embodiment of the present invention, where a partition wall is required in the underground passage.

[0092] Figure 30 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B9 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0093] Figure 31 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B10 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0094] Figure 32 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B11 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0095] Figure 33 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B12 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] Figure 34 shows a schematic diagram of the state of step B13 when a partition wall needs to be installed in the underground passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0097] Figure 35 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step C2 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0098] Figure 36 shows a schematic diagram of the state of performing step C3 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0099] Figure 37 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step C4 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0100] Figure 38 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step C5 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0101] Figure 39 shows a schematic diagram of the state of executing step C6 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0102] Figure 40 shows a schematic diagram of the state of the cast-in-place layer of the integral cast-in-place top slab and side walls in step C7 of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0103] Figure 41 shows a schematic diagram of the state after step C7 is completed in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0104] Example

[0105] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the unsupported prefabricated monolithic open-cut vehicle tunnel structure system includes tunnels 1 with one or more floors; all tunnels 1 are located underground.

[0106] The bottom slab of the lowest tunnel 1 is a cast-in-place structure 2 with a precast bottom slab reinforced with steel cage;

[0107] The sidewalls 3 and roof slabs 4 of each tunnel 1 are composite slab structures;

[0108] Each composite slab structure includes a precast slab 5 facing the interior of the corresponding tunnel 1 and a cast-in-place layer facing the exterior of the corresponding tunnel 1;

[0109] Except for the cast-in-place layers of the sidewall 3 and the top slab 4 of the uppermost tunnel 1, which are cast as a single unit, the cast-in-place layers of the sidewall 3 of each tunnel 1 below the uppermost tunnel 1 are cast separately from the corresponding cast-in-place layers of the top slab 4.

[0110] In a vehicular tunnel structure including two or more tunnels 1, the structure between every two adjacent tunnels 1 is a middle slab;

[0111] The middle plate serves as the top plate 4 of the lower tunnel 1 and as the bottom plate of the upper tunnel 1;

[0112] During construction, corner connecting components 9 are provided between the bottom slab and sidewall 3, between the bottom slab and central partition wall, between the top slab 4 and sidewall 3, or between the top slab 4 and central partition wall in each tunnel 1.

[0113] The bottom slab of the tunnel 1 at the bottom of the foundation slab of this invention is made of precast steel cage, and all tunnels 1 are poured in layers to ensure timely sealing of the foundation pit and ensure the safety of the foundation pit.

[0114] The roof slab 4 and sidewalls 3 of each tunnel 1 are made of single-sided composite slabs.

[0115] The inner side of the side wall 3 is a precast slab 5, and the outer side is a cast-in-place layer. The precast slab 5 and the wall-mounted enclosure are used as templates for the on-site casting of the side wall.

[0116] The lower layer of the top slab 4 is a precast slab 5, and the upper layer is a cast-in-place layer. In the case of an upper tunnel 1, the cast-in-place layer of each top slab 4 serves as the bottom slab of the upper tunnel 1, and the precast slab 5 serves as the formwork for the cast-in-place layer of the top slab. The reinforcing steel of the cast-in-place layer of the top slab is precast in the precast slab, reducing on-site reinforcing steel binding work.

[0117] The overall structure is formed by on-site assembly of precast bottom slab reinforcement cage, precast slab 5 corresponding to side wall 3, and precast slab 5 corresponding to top slab 4, followed by concrete pouring after connection between precast components.

[0118] In some embodiments, each precast slab 5 has precast reinforcing bars for the corresponding cast-in-place layer on the side facing the corresponding cast-in-place layer.

[0119] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments, at least one tunnel 1 has at least one central partition wall extending along the length direction, dividing the tunnel 1 into at least two compartments.

[0120] Each partition wall is made of precast slabs.

[0121] Each precast slab 5 serving as the central partition wall is set perpendicular to the horizontal plane;

[0122] The bottom slab of the tunnel 1, which is equipped with a central partition wall, is provided with a second rectangular groove 6 that opens toward the corresponding central partition wall at the corresponding position;

[0123] Each tunnel 1 has a first rectangular groove 7 with an opening in the direction of the corresponding side wall 3 at the bottom plate of the corresponding side wall 3.

[0124] All second rectangular grooves 6 and all first rectangular grooves 7 were filled with cast-in-place concrete.

[0125] As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments, each corner connecting member 9 includes an angle steel 91 extending along the length direction of the corresponding tunnel 1.

[0126] Each angle steel 91 has a groove with a 90-degree angle, and multiple reinforcing ribs 92 are provided along the length direction.

[0127] Each angle steel is tightly attached to one side of the corresponding precast plate 5 which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the other side is fixed by bolts 93 and embedded sleeves 94;

[0128] Each pre-embedded sleeve 94 is pre-embedded in the corresponding bottom plate or in the precast slab 5 of the corresponding top plate 4.

[0129] As shown in Figures 6 to 12, the present invention also provides a construction method for an unsupported, prefabricated, integrated open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, which has only one tunnel 1 and is a single-compartment tunnel, including the following steps:

[0130] Step A1, Preparatory Works; Specifically includes foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring;

[0131] Step A2: Hoist the precast bottom slab steel cage into place, and set up embedded sleeves 94 at the positions of each corner connecting component 9 to complete the pouring of the bottom slab cast-in-place structure 2, and reserve the first rectangular groove 7.

[0132] Step A3: Fix each corner connecting component 9 to the base plate with bolts 93;

[0133] Step A4: Hoist the precast slab 5 corresponding to each side wall 3 into place and stand on the vertical support, and temporarily fix each precast slab 5 with diagonal bracing;

[0134] Step A5: Hoist the precast slab 5 corresponding to the top slab 4 into place;

[0135] Step A6: Set the corresponding corner connecting component 9 on the precast slab 5 of the corresponding top slab 4. The corner connecting component 9 is fixed to the top slab 4 or the bottom slab and is closely attached to the side wall 3.

[0136] Step A7: Use the precast slabs 5 and wall-mounted enclosures of each side wall 3 as templates for on-site casting of the side wall 3 to pour concrete, fill the first rectangular groove 7, and after the concrete of the side wall 3 has initially set, pour concrete at the joint and the top slab 4.

[0137] Step A8: After the concrete reaches its design strength, remove all corner connecting members 9 and all diagonal braces.

[0138] As shown in Figures 13 to 23, the present invention also provides another construction method for an unsupported, prefabricated, integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, which has two tunnel layers 1 and is a single-compartment system, including the following steps:

[0139] Step B1, Preparatory Works; Specifically includes foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring;

[0140] Step B2: Hoist the precast bottom slab reinforcement cage into place, and set up embedded sleeves 94 at the positions of each corner connecting component 9 to complete the pouring of the bottom slab cast-in-place structure 2, and reserve the first rectangular groove 7.

[0141] Step B3: Fix each corner connecting component 9 to the base plate with bolts 93;

[0142] Step B4: Hoist the precast slab 5 corresponding to each side wall 3 into place and stand on the vertical support, and temporarily fix each precast slab 5 with diagonal bracing;

[0143] Step B5: Hoist the precast slab 5 of the roof slab 4 of the corresponding lower tunnel 1 into place;

[0144] Step B6: Set a corresponding corner connecting component 9 on the precast slab 5 of the top slab 4 of the corresponding lower tunnel 1. The corner connecting component 9 is fixed to the top slab 4 or the bottom slab and is closely attached to the side wall 3.

[0145] Step B7: Use the precast slabs 5 and wall-mounted enclosures of each side wall 3 as templates for on-site casting of concrete for the side wall 3.

[0146] Step B8: Pour concrete on the upper side of the precast slab 5 of the top slab 4 of the corresponding lower tunnel 1 as the bottom slab of the upper tunnel 1, and install all corner connecting components 9 in the upper tunnel 1.

[0147] Step B9: Hoist the precast slabs 5 corresponding to each side wall 3 in the upper tunnel 1 into place and erect them on the vertical supports, and temporarily fix each precast slab 5 with diagonal braces;

[0148] Step B10: Hoist the precast slab 5 of the corresponding top slab 4 of the upper tunnel 1 into place;

[0149] Step B11: Install corresponding corner connecting components 9 on the precast slab 5 of the corresponding top slab 4 in the upper tunnel 1 and fix them to the precast slab 5 of each side wall 3.

[0150] Step B12: Use the precast slabs 5 and wall-mounted retaining walls of each side wall 3 of the upper tunnel 1 as templates for on-site concrete pouring of the side wall 3, and pour concrete at the joints and the top slab 4 after the concrete of the side wall 3 has initially set.

[0151] Step B13: After the concrete reaches its design strength, remove all corner connecting members 9 and all diagonal braces.

[0152] As shown in Figures 24 to 34, in some embodiments, if any tunnel 1 is provided with at least one partition wall extending along the length direction, then when the corresponding base slab is poured, a second rectangular groove 6 opening towards the corresponding partition wall is provided at the position of the corresponding partition wall.

[0153] And embedded sleeves 94 are installed on the top plate 4 and bottom plate on both sides of each partition wall;

[0154] Then, corner connecting member 9 is set by pre-embedded sleeve 94 so that corner connecting member 9 is tightly attached to the middle partition wall.

[0155] As shown in Figures 35 to 41, the present invention also provides a third construction method for an unsupported, prefabricated, integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, which has only one tunnel 1 and is a double-compartment tunnel, including the following steps:

[0156] Step C1, Preparatory Works; specifically including foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring;

[0157] Step C2: Hoist the precast bottom slab steel cage into place, and set up embedded sleeves 94 at the positions of each corner connecting component 9 to complete the pouring of the bottom slab cast-in-place structure 2, and reserve the first rectangular groove 7.

[0158] Step C3: Fix each corner connecting component 3 to the base plate with bolts 93;

[0159] Step C4: Hoist the precast slabs 5 corresponding to each side wall 3 and the central partition wall into place and erect them on the vertical supports, and temporarily fix each precast slab with diagonal braces;

[0160] Step C5: Hoist the precast slab 5 corresponding to the top slab 4 into place;

[0161] Step C6: Set the corresponding corner connecting component 9 on the precast slab 5 of the corresponding top slab 4. The corner connecting component 9 is fixed to the top slab 4 or the bottom slab and is closely attached to the side wall 3.

[0162] Step C7: Use the precast slabs 5 and wall-mounted enclosures of each side wall 3 as templates for on-site casting of the side wall, and after the concrete of the side wall 3 has initially set, cast the concrete at the joints and the top slab 4.

[0163] Step C8: After the concrete reaches its design strength, remove all corner connecting members 9 and all diagonal braces.

[0164] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An unsupported, prefabricated, integrated open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, comprising tunnels (1) with one or more levels; all said tunnels (1) are located underground; characterized in that, The bottom slab of the lowest tunnel (1) is a cast-in-place structure (2) with a precast bottom slab steel cage. The sidewalls (3) and top plate (4) of each layer of the tunnel (1) are composite plate structures; Each of the composite slab structures includes a precast slab (5) facing the interior of the corresponding tunnel (1) and a cast-in-place layer facing the exterior of the corresponding tunnel (1); Except for the cast-in-place layers of the sidewalls (3) and the top plate (4) of the uppermost tunnel (1) which are cast as a single unit, the cast-in-place layers of the sidewalls (3) of each tunnel (1) below the uppermost tunnel (1) are cast separately from the cast-in-place layers of the corresponding top plate (4). In a vehicular tunnel structure including two or more layers of tunnels (1), the structure between every two adjacent layers of tunnels (1) is a middle plate; The middle plate serves as the top plate (4) of the tunnel (1) below and as the bottom plate of the tunnel (1) above; During construction, corner connecting members (9) are provided between the bottom plate and the side wall (3), between the bottom plate and the central partition wall, between the top plate (4) and the side wall (3), or between the top plate (4) and the central partition wall in each of the tunnels (1).

2. The unsupported prefabricated integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the precast slabs (5) has a precast steel bar for the corresponding cast-in-place layer on the side facing the corresponding cast-in-place layer.

3. The unsupported prefabricated integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one layer of the tunnel (1) is provided with at least one central partition wall extending along the length direction, dividing the tunnel (1) into at least two compartments; Each of the aforementioned partition walls is the precast slab (5); Each of the precast slabs (5) serving as the central partition wall is set perpendicular to the horizontal plane; The bottom plate of the tunnel (1) with the central partition wall is provided with a second rectangular groove (6) that opens toward the corresponding central partition wall at the position of the central partition wall; Each of the tunnels (1) has a first rectangular groove (7) at the position corresponding to the corresponding sidewall (3) that opens in the direction of the corresponding sidewall (3); All the second rectangular grooves (6) and all the first rectangular grooves (7) are filled with cast-in-place concrete.

4. The unsupported prefabricated integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Each of the corner connecting members (9) includes an angle steel (91) extending along the length direction of the corresponding tunnel (1); Each of the angle steels (91) has multiple reinforcing ribs (92) arranged along its length in the groove at a 90-degree angle. Each of the angle steels is attached to one side of the corresponding precast plate (5) which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the other side is fixed by bolts (93) and embedded sleeves (94); Each of the pre-embedded sleeves (94) is pre-embedded in the corresponding bottom plate or in the precast slab (5) of the corresponding top plate (4).

5. A construction method for an unsupported, prefabricated, integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, characterized in that, The tunnel consists of only one layer (1) and is a single-compartment tunnel, comprising the following steps: Step A1, Preparatory Works; Specifically includes foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring; Step A2: Hoist the precast bottom plate steel cage into place, and set up embedded sleeves (94) at the position of each corner connecting component (9) to complete the pouring of the bottom plate cast-in-place structure (2) and reserve the first rectangular groove (7); Step A3: Fix each of the corner connecting components (9) to the base plate with bolts (93); Step A4: Hoist the precast slab (5) corresponding to each side wall (3) into place and stand on the vertical support, and temporarily fix each precast slab (5) with diagonal bracing; Step A5: Hoist the precast slab (5) corresponding to the top slab (4) into place; Step A6: Set the corresponding corner connecting member (9) on the precast slab (5) of the corresponding top plate (4). The corner connecting member (9) is fixed to the top plate (4) or the bottom plate and is closely attached to the side wall (3). Step A7: Use the precast slab (5) and wall-mounted enclosure of each side wall (3) as templates for on-site casting of the side wall (3) to pour concrete, fill the first rectangular groove (7), and after the concrete of the side wall (3) has initially set, pour concrete at the joint and the top slab (4). Step A8: After the concrete reaches the design strength, remove all the corner connecting members (9) and all the diagonal braces.

6. A construction method for an unsupported, prefabricated, integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, characterized in that, There are two tunnels (1), and it is a single-compartment tunnel, including the following steps: Step B1, Preparatory Works; Specifically includes foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring; Step B2: Hoist the precast bottom plate steel cage into place, and set up embedded sleeves (94) at the position of each corner connecting component (9) to complete the pouring of the bottom plate cast-in-place structure (2) and reserve the first rectangular groove (7); Step B3: Fix each corner connecting member (9) to the base plate with bolts (93); Step B4: Hoist the precast slab (5) corresponding to each side wall (3) into place and stand on the vertical support, and temporarily fix each precast slab (5) with diagonal bracing; Step B5: Hoist the precast slab (5) of the top slab (4) of the tunnel (1) below into place; Step B6: Set the corresponding corner connecting member (9) on the precast slab (5) of the top slab (4) of the corresponding lower tunnel (1). The corner connecting member (9) is fixed to the top slab (4) or the bottom slab and is closely attached to the side wall (3). Step B7: Use the precast slabs (5) and wall-mounted enclosures of each side wall (3) as templates for on-site casting of the side wall (3) and pour concrete. Step B8: Pour concrete on the upper side of the precast slab (5) of the top slab (4) of the tunnel (1) corresponding to the lower layer as the bottom slab of the tunnel (1), and install all the corner connecting members (9) in the tunnel (1) of the upper layer. Step B9: Hoist the precast slabs (5) corresponding to each side wall (3) in the upper tunnel (1) into place and stand on the vertical support, and temporarily fix each precast slab (5) with diagonal bracing; Step B10: Hoist the precast slab (5) of the corresponding top slab (4) of the upper tunnel (1) into place; Step B11: Install the corresponding corner connecting member (9) on the precast slab (5) of the corresponding top plate (4) in the upper tunnel (1) and fix it to the precast slab (5) of each side wall (3); Step B12: Use the precast slabs (5) and wall-mounted enclosures of each side wall (3) of the upper tunnel (1) as templates for on-site casting of the side wall (3) to pour concrete, and after the concrete of the side wall (3) has initially set, pour concrete at the joint and the top slab (4). Step B13: After the concrete reaches the design strength, remove all the corner connecting members (9) and all the diagonal braces.

7. The construction method of the unsupported prefabricated integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system according to claim 6, characterized in that, If any of the tunnels (1) is provided with at least one partition wall extending along the length direction, then when the corresponding bottom slab is poured, a second rectangular groove (6) opening towards the corresponding partition wall is provided at the position corresponding to the partition wall. And embedded sleeves (94) are provided on the top plate (4) and the bottom plate on both sides of each of the partition walls; Then, the corner connecting member (9) is set by pre-embedded sleeve (94) so ​​that the corner connecting member (9) is tightly attached to the middle partition wall.

8. A construction method for an unsupported, prefabricated, integral open-cut vehicular tunnel structure system, characterized in that, The tunnel has only one level (1) and is a two-compartment tunnel, comprising the following steps: Step C1, Preparatory Works; specifically including foundation pit retaining construction and support erection, foundation pit excavation and foundation layer pouring; Step C2: Hoist the precast bottom plate steel cage into place, and set up embedded sleeves (94) at the position of each corner connecting component (9) to complete the pouring of the bottom plate cast-in-place structure (2) and reserve the first rectangular groove (7); Step C3: Fix each corner connecting member (3) to the base plate with bolts (93); Step C4: Hoist the precast slabs (5) corresponding to each side wall (3) and the central partition wall into place and stand on the vertical support, and temporarily fix each precast slab with diagonal bracing; Step C5: Hoist the precast slab (5) corresponding to the top slab (4) into place; Step C6: Set the corresponding corner connecting member (9) on the precast slab (5) of the corresponding top plate (4), and fix the corner connecting member (9) to the top plate (4) or the bottom plate and attach it to the side wall (3); Step C7: Use the precast slab (5) and wall-mounted enclosure of each side wall (3) as templates for on-site casting of the side wall, and after the concrete of the side wall (3) has initially set, cast the concrete at the joint and the top slab (4). Step C8: After the concrete reaches the design strength, remove all the corner connecting members (9) and all the diagonal braces.

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