Flexible solar material-based shallow-sea self-submerging profiling buoy and method therefor

Abstract

A flexible solar material-based shallow-sea self-submerging profiling buoy, and a method therefor. The profiling buoy comprises a detection unit, comprising a housing assembly, a sensing assembly disposed at the top of the housing assembly, a hydraulic system disposed inside the housing assembly, and a control assembly disposed inside the housing assembly. The hydraulic system comprises an inner oil bag and an outer oil bag, a first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to the inner oil bag by means of a tube, and a second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to the inner oil bag by means of a tube. The first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to a third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to a fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve. To achieve efficient collection of solar energy, the center of gravity of the buoy is adjusted by means of the position of a rotating mass block, so that the attitude of the buoy is changed, a buoy body rotates by 90°, and the buoy body floats horizontally on the sea surface, thereby reducing the influence of sea surface wind and waves on the buoy body, and making the light collection area of the buoy body exposed above the water surface larger.

Description

A shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy based on flexible solar energy materials and its method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy technology, and in particular to a shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy based on flexible solar energy materials and its method. Background Technology

[0002] Self-sinking profiling buoys are a new type of marine observation instrument. These buoys are characterized by ease of deployment, small size, light weight, low manufacturing cost, and convenient maintenance, and are unaffected by weather conditions or severe sea states. Marine observation arrays composed of self-sinking profiling buoys can autonomously, continuously, and stably collect profile data on various marine environmental parameters such as sea surface temperature and pressure from the sea surface to a set depth. The collected profile data has significant practical value for marine scientific research, marine resource development and utilization, and marine disaster prediction. Self-sinking profiling buoys operate in a cyclical mode. After deployment, the buoy floats on the surface to complete testing, self-checks, communication, and positioning before diving to a designated depth and then rising to the surface, conducting a series of profile measurements during this ascent. Once surfaced, it uses satellites for positioning and communication, transmits the collected data, receives new mission instructions, and then dives again, repeating the cycle. The buoy uses a buoyancy adjustment system to change the volume of water it displaces, enabling it to automatically rise and fall. During this operation, the buoy is powered solely by its own battery. When the battery is depleted, the buoy dies.

[0003] Currently, most self-sinking profiling floats are disposable, meaning they are not retrieved or maintained once deployed. Therefore, maintaining long-term profiling observations requires continuous deployment of new floats, leading to high maintenance costs. Furthermore, cost and energy constraints limit the design and expansion of profiling floats. Extending float lifespan is therefore a primary direction for profiling float development. Extended lifespan allows for the collection of more profiling data, and fewer floats need to be redeployed annually, reducing observation costs and pollution caused by float deployment and failure. Sufficient energy supply is also crucial for the future development of new profiling float functions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy and method based on flexible solar energy materials, which can work in shallow sea areas for a long time, extending the service life of the buoy, and can also adjust its attitude during use to improve the efficiency of solar energy conversion and increase the area of ​​light illuminating the buoy.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profiling buoy based on flexible solar energy materials and its method, comprising, including,

[0008] The detection unit includes a housing assembly, a sensing assembly disposed on the top of the housing assembly, a hydraulic system disposed inside the housing assembly, and a control assembly disposed inside the housing assembly.

[0009] The hydraulic system includes an inner oil bladder and an outer oil bladder, a first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve connected to the inner oil bladder via a pipeline, a second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve connected to the inner oil bladder via a pipeline, the first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve connected to a third two-position two-way solenoid directional valve, and a fourth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve.

[0010] It also includes a plunger pump and a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve. The plunger pump is connected to a check valve through a pipeline. The check valve is connected to a fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve through a pipeline. The fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve is connected to a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve through a pipeline. The second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve is connected to the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve. The two-position four-way solenoid directional valve is connected to a swing hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline. The swing hydraulic cylinder is connected to a mass block.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials, wherein: the shell assembly includes an outer shell, a sealing cover is provided on the top of the outer shell, and an installation compartment is provided inside the outer shell.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials of the present invention, the sensing component includes a sensor disposed on the top of the sealing cover and a satellite antenna disposed on the top of the sealing cover.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials of the present invention, the control components include a microcontroller disposed inside the installation chamber, a battery disposed inside the installation chamber, and a flexible solar power generation panel disposed inside the installation chamber.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials of the present invention, the battery is connected to the microcontroller, and the flexible solar power panel is connected to the battery.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials, the present invention includes: deploying the buoy into shallow sea;

[0016] The hydraulic system is controlled by a microcontroller.

[0017] The hydraulic system is adjusted to make the buoy sink.

[0018] The hydraulic system is adjusted to make the buoy rise, absorb solar energy, convert solar energy into electrical energy, and then sink again.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials of the present invention, the microcontroller adjusts and controls the hydraulic system.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials of the present invention, the hydraulic system is adjusted to allow hydraulic oil to enter the outer oil bladder, increasing the volume of the outer oil bladder, and the change in the volume of the outer oil bladder affects the volume of water discharged by the buoy.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials of the present invention, the buoy is adjusted to rise by a hydraulic system, the buoy's attitude is adjusted by a swinging hydraulic cylinder, and the flexible solar power panel absorbs light energy and converts it into electrical energy to charge the battery.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: For the first time, advanced flexible solar panels are combined with a profile buoy to design a self-sinking profile buoy suitable for shallow seas. The buoy is powered by batteries, and when it rises to the surface, the flexible solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy to charge the batteries, thereby extending the buoy's lifespan. This flexible material is thin, lightweight, and has a large bending angle, minimizing impact on the buoy's structure and offering simplicity and reliability. To achieve efficient solar energy collection, the buoy shell uses a high-strength, light-transmitting material, such as acrylic resin. This material has excellent strength properties, allowing it to withstand seawater pressure and current impacts from the surface to a set shallow water depth. Simultaneously, its excellent optical properties, with a light transmittance of over 90%, facilitate efficient power generation by the solar materials attached to the inner wall. To further enhance solar energy collection, a hydraulic oscillation system is provided. By rotating the mass block, the buoy's center of gravity is adjusted, changing its attitude and causing it to rotate 90°, floating laterally on the sea surface. This reduces the impact of sea waves on the buoy and increases the area of ​​the buoy exposed above the water for light collection. To achieve efficient solar energy collection, the workflow of this solar buoy is provided. When the buoy is conducting satellite communication on the sea surface, it will comprehensively analyze sea state information and lighting conditions to determine the sea state and power generation conditions. If the sea state is good and the lighting is sufficient, the buoy will stay on the sea surface for a long time to collect solar energy; otherwise, the buoy will directly dive down to start a new cycle of mission. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials.

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials.

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system structure of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials.

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the process of a shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials.

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials and its method, which includes...

[0034] Specifically, including,

[0035] The detection unit 100 includes a housing assembly 101, a sensing assembly 102 disposed on the top of the housing assembly 101, a hydraulic system 103 disposed inside the housing assembly 101, and a control assembly 104 disposed inside the housing assembly 101.

[0036] The hydraulic system 103 includes an inner oil bladder 103a and an outer oil bladder 103L, a first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103b connected to the inner oil bladder 103a via a pipeline, a second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103c connected to the inner oil bladder 103a via a pipeline, the first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103b connected to a third two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103d, and the second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103c and the fourth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103e.

[0037] It also includes a plunger pump 103f and a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 103g. The plunger pump 103f is connected to a check valve 103h through a pipeline. The check valve 103h is connected to a fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103i through a pipeline. The fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103i is connected to the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 103g through a pipeline. The second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103c is connected to the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 103g. The two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 103g is connected to a swing hydraulic cylinder 103j through a pipeline. The swing hydraulic cylinder 103j is connected to a mass block 103k.

[0038] Preferably, the inner oil bladder 103a is used for oil storage, and the plunger pump 103f drives the oil flow in the oil circuit. A damping orifice is provided inside the oil circuit to limit the flow rate and prevent damage to components caused by instantaneous pressure changes. The outer oil bladder 103L is fixed to the lower end inside the buoy; its volume change affects the buoy's drainage volume, enabling the buoy to rise and fall. The hydraulic drive system can realize oil discharge and return functions. When the buoy rises, the hydraulic drive system performs an oil discharge operation, opening the first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103b and the fourth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103e, and the second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103c... The third two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103d and the fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103i are closed, and oil is pumped from the inner oil bladder 103a into the outer oil bladder 103L. The volume of the buoy increases, the buoyancy increases, and the buoy rises. When the buoy dives, the hydraulic drive system 103 performs a return oil operation, and the second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103c and the third two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103d are opened. The first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103b, the fourth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103e, and the fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103i are closed, and oil is pumped from the outer oil bladder into the inner oil bladder. The volume of the buoy decreases, the buoyancy decreases, and the buoy dives.

[0039] Furthermore, the housing assembly 101 includes a housing 101a, a sealing cover 101b is provided on the top of the housing 101a, and an installation compartment 101c is provided inside the housing 101a.

[0040] Furthermore, the sensing component 102 includes a sensor 102a disposed on the top of the sealing cover 101b, and a satellite antenna 102b disposed on the top of the sealing cover 101b.

[0041] Furthermore, the control component 104 includes a microcontroller 104a disposed inside the mounting compartment 101c, a battery 104b disposed inside the mounting compartment 101c, and a flexible solar panel 104c disposed inside the mounting compartment 101c.

[0042] Furthermore, the battery 104b is connected to the microcontroller 104a, and the flexible solar panel 104c is connected to the battery 104b.

[0043] In summary, this invention is the first to combine advanced flexible solar panels with a profiling buoy, designing a self-sinking profiling buoy suitable for shallow seas. The buoy is battery-powered; when it rises to the surface, the flexible solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy to charge the battery, thus extending the buoy's lifespan. This flexible material is thin, lightweight, and has a large bending angle, minimizing impact on the buoy's structure and offering simplicity and reliability. To achieve efficient solar energy collection, the buoy's outer shell uses a high-strength, light-transmitting material, such as acrylic resin. This material has excellent strength properties, allowing it to withstand seawater pressure and current impacts from the surface to a set shallow water depth. Simultaneously, its excellent optical properties, with a light transmittance exceeding 90%, facilitate efficient power generation by the solar materials attached to the inner wall. To further enhance solar energy collection, a hydraulic oscillation system is provided. By rotating the mass block, the buoy's center of gravity is adjusted, changing its attitude and causing it to rotate 90°, floating laterally on the sea surface. This reduces the impact of sea waves on the buoy and maximizes the area of ​​the buoy exposed above the water for light collection. To achieve efficient solar energy collection, the workflow of this solar buoy is provided. When the buoy is conducting satellite communication on the sea surface, it will comprehensively analyze sea state information and lighting conditions to determine the sea state and power generation conditions. If the sea state is good and the lighting is sufficient, the buoy will stay on the sea surface for a long time to collect solar energy; otherwise, the buoy will directly dive down to start a new cycle of mission.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Referring to Figures 1-5, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy based on flexible solar energy materials and its method, including...

[0046] S1: Deploy the buoy to shallow waters;

[0047] S2: The hydraulic system is controlled via a microcontroller;

[0048] S3: The hydraulic system is adjusted to make the buoy sink;

[0049] S4: The hydraulic system is adjusted to make the buoy rise, absorb solar energy, convert solar energy into electrical energy, and then sink again.

[0050] Furthermore, the microcontroller regulates and controls the hydraulic system.

[0051] Furthermore, the hydraulic system is adjusted to allow hydraulic oil to enter the outer oil bladder, increasing its volume. This change in the volume of the outer oil bladder affects the volume of water discharged by the buoy.

[0052] Furthermore, the hydraulic system adjusts the buoy to rise, the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j adjusts the buoy's attitude, and the flexible solar power panel 104c absorbs light energy and converts it into electrical energy to charge the battery 104b.

[0053] When in use, the buoy is deployed into shallow water. The hydraulic drive system 103 can realize the functions of oil discharge and oil return. When the buoy rises, the hydraulic drive system performs an oil discharge operation. The first two-position two-way solenoid valve 103b and the fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 103e are opened, while the second two-position two-way solenoid valve 103c, the third two-position two-way solenoid valve 103d and the fifth two-position two-way solenoid valve 103i are closed. Oil is pumped from the inner oil bladder 103a into the outer oil bladder 103L, increasing the volume of the buoy and increasing the buoyancy, thus achieving the rising of the buoy.

[0054] When the buoy dives, the hydraulic drive system 103 performs a return oil operation, opening the second two-position two-way solenoid valve 103c and the third two-position two-way solenoid valve 103d, while closing the first two-position two-way solenoid valve 103b, the fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 103e, and the fifth two-position two-way solenoid valve 103i. Oil is pumped from the outer oil bladder 103L into the inner oil bladder 103a, reducing the buoy's volume and buoyancy, thus achieving divergence.

[0055] The two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 103g controls the oil delivery direction of the two hydraulic circuits of the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j; the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j is equipped with a mass block 103k at its end, which can rotate in different directions according to different oil delivery paths, thereby changing the center of gravity of the buoy and changing the attitude of the buoy. The rotation angle is determined by the amount of oil input.

[0056] After the buoy completes communication on the sea surface and begins collecting solar energy, it first discharges oil to maximize the volume of the outer oil bladder 103L. Then, the first two-position two-way solenoid valve 103b and the fifth two-position two-way solenoid valve 103i open, while the second two-position two-way solenoid valve 103c, the third two-position two-way solenoid valve 103d, and the fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 103e close. This changes the oil inlet and outlet direction of the two-position four-way solenoid valve 103g, thereby pressurizing one channel of the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j. This causes the mass block 103k to move upward, the buoy's center of gravity to move upward, the buoy's center of gravity distance to increase, and its stability to decrease. Unable to maintain a vertical position, the buoy rotates 90° and floats on the sea surface in a horizontal posture.

[0057] After the buoy finishes collecting solar energy, the oil inlet and outlet directions of the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 103g are changed to pressurize the other channel of the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j. The mass block 103k returns to its original position, the center of gravity of the buoy moves down, the second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103c and the third two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103d open, and the first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103b, the fourth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103e and the fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 103i close. The return oil reduces the volume of the outer oil bladder 103L, and the buoy returns to a vertical position and begins to dive.

[0058] The above-mentioned hydraulic swing system design utilizes a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 103g and a swing hydraulic cylinder 103j to achieve clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the mass block, with a total rotation angle range of 0° to 180°, requiring relatively little space.

[0059] In summary, this invention, by combining advanced flexible solar panels with a profiling buoy for the first time, designs a self-sinking profiling buoy suitable for shallow seas. The buoy is battery-powered; when it rises to the surface, the flexible solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy to charge the battery, thus extending the buoy's lifespan. This flexible material is thin, lightweight, and has a large bending angle, minimizing impact on the buoy's structure and offering simplicity and reliability. To achieve efficient solar energy collection, the buoy's outer shell uses a high-strength, light-transmitting material, such as acrylic resin. This material has excellent strength properties, allowing it to withstand seawater pressure and current impacts from the surface to a set shallow water depth. Simultaneously, its excellent optical properties, with a light transmittance exceeding 90%, facilitate efficient power generation by the solar materials attached to the inner wall. To further enhance solar energy collection, a hydraulic oscillation system is provided. By rotating the mass block, the buoy's center of gravity is adjusted, changing its attitude and causing it to rotate 90°, floating laterally on the sea surface. This reduces the impact of sea waves on the buoy and maximizes the area of ​​the buoy exposed above the water for light collection. To achieve efficient solar energy collection, the workflow of this solar buoy is provided. When the buoy is conducting satellite communication on the sea surface, it will comprehensively analyze sea state information and lighting conditions to determine the sea state and power generation conditions. If the sea state is good and the lighting is sufficient, the buoy will stay on the sea surface for a long time to collect solar energy; otherwise, the buoy will directly dive down to start a new cycle of mission.

[0060] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0061] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0062] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0063] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials, characterized in that: include, The detection unit (100) includes a housing assembly (101), a sensing assembly (102) disposed on the top of the housing assembly (101), a hydraulic system (103) disposed inside the housing assembly (101), and a control assembly (104) disposed inside the housing assembly (101). The hydraulic system (103) includes an inner oil bladder (103a) and an outer oil bladder (103L), a first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103b) connected to the inner oil bladder (103a) via a pipeline, a second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103c) connected to the inner oil bladder (103a) via a pipeline, the first two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103b) being connected to a third two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103d), and the second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103c) and a fourth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103e). It also includes a plunger pump (103f) and a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve (103g). The plunger pump (103f) is connected to a check valve (103h) through a pipe. The check valve (103h) is connected to a fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103i) through a pipe. The fifth two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103i) is connected to the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve (103g) through a pipe. The second two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (103c) is connected to the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve (103g). The two-position four-way solenoid directional valve (103g) is connected to a swing hydraulic cylinder (103j) through a pipe. The swing hydraulic cylinder (103j) is connected to a mass block (103k).

2. The shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The housing assembly (101) includes a housing (101a), a sealing cover (101b) is provided on the top of the housing (101a), and an installation compartment (101c) is provided inside the housing (101a).

3. The shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The sensing component (102) includes a sensor (102a) disposed on the top of the sealing cover (101b) and a satellite antenna (102b) disposed on the top of the sealing cover (101b).

4. The shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The control component (104) includes a microcontroller (104a) disposed inside the mounting compartment (101c), a battery (104b) disposed inside the mounting compartment (101c), and a flexible solar panel (104c) disposed inside the mounting compartment (101c).

5. The shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The battery (104b) is connected to the microcontroller (104a), and the flexible solar panel (104c) is connected to the battery (104b).

6. The shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy and method based on flexible solar energy materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Including S1: Deploying buoys in shallow waters; S2: The hydraulic system is controlled via a microcontroller; S3: The hydraulic system is adjusted to make the buoy sink; S4: The hydraulic system is adjusted to make the buoy rise, absorb solar energy, convert solar energy into electrical energy, and then sink again.

7. The shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy and method based on flexible solar energy materials as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The microcontroller regulates and controls the hydraulic system.

8. The shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy and method based on flexible solar energy materials as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The hydraulic system is adjusted to allow hydraulic oil to enter the outer oil bladder, increasing its volume. This change in the volume of the outer oil bladder affects the volume of water discharged by the buoy.

9. The shallow-sea self-sinking profiling buoy and method based on flexible solar energy materials as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The hydraulic system adjusts the buoy to float, the swing hydraulic cylinder (103j) adjusts the buoy's attitude, and the flexible solar power panel (104c) absorbs light energy and converts it into electrical energy to charge the battery (104b).

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