Optical line terminal, optical network unit, central computing platform, system, and vehicle

Abstract

The present application discloses an optical line terminal, an optical network unit, a central computing platform, a system, and a vehicle. The optical line terminal comprises multiple first micro-ring modulator elements; the multiple first micro-ring modulator elements are cascaded on a waveguide; the multiple first micro-ring modulator elements have different resonant wavelengths; and the multiple first micro-ring modulator elements are used for modulating first target electrical signals corresponding to channels where the first micro-ring modulator elements are located onto optical carrier signals at the corresponding resonant wavelengths. The optical line terminal can achieve wavelength division multiplexing, thereby allowing for integrated modulation and transmission of different types of signals, and thus has the advantages of high integration, compact architecture, and low power consumption.

Description

Optical line terminals, optical network units, central computing platforms, systems, and vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202411531683.3, filed on October 29, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an optical line terminal, an optical network unit, a central computing platform, a system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] Silicon photonics technology has many advantages in the field of automotive optical communication. One key aspect is that silicon platforms offer smaller size and potentially lower cost of data modulation elements compared to lithium niobate.

[0004] In the current technology, the current vehicle-mounted optical communication system often faces challenges such as large size, high power consumption and high manufacturing cost. Technical solutions

[0005] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the first objective of this application is to provide an optical line terminal that has the advantages of high integration, small size architecture, and low power consumption, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of vehicle-mounted optical communication system architecture.

[0006] The second objective of this application is to propose an optical network unit.

[0007] The third objective of this application is to propose a central computing platform.

[0008] The fourth objective of this application is to propose an optical communication system.

[0009] The fifth objective of this application is to propose an electronic and electrical system.

[0010] The sixth objective of this application is to propose a vehicle.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides an optical line terminal, comprising: a plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements, wherein the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements are cascaded on a waveguide, and the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements have different resonant wavelengths, for modulating a first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel onto an optical carrier signal of the corresponding resonant wavelength.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application provides an optical network unit, comprising: a plurality of second microring resonators, each second microring resonator being used to demodulate a target optical signal in the optical signal propagating in the connected optical fiber that matches the resonant wavelength of the second microring resonator.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application also proposes a central computing platform, including at least one optical line terminal as described in any of the first aspect embodiments above.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of this application provides an optical communication system, which includes at least one optical line terminal as provided in the first aspect of the embodiment above; or, the optical communication system includes a central computing platform as provided in the third aspect of the embodiment above; and / or, at least one optical network unit as provided in the second aspect of the embodiment above.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, a fifth aspect of this application provides an electronic and electrical system including the optical communication system described in the fourth aspect of the application above. The electronic and electrical system further includes at least one terminal device, which is electrically connected to the optical communication system.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, a sixth aspect of this application provides a vehicle that includes the optical communication system described in the fourth aspect of the above embodiment or the electronic and electrical system described in the fifth aspect of the above embodiment.

[0017] This application, by setting up multiple first micro-ring modulator units, enables the modulation of the first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel onto the optical carrier signal of the corresponding resonant wavelength of the channel. The first micro-ring modulator unit can serve as an electro-optic converter, featuring small size and low power consumption, thus reducing the overall manufacturing cost of the vehicle-mounted optical communication system architecture. Furthermore, cascading multiple first micro-ring modulator units allows for modulation of different wavelength optical carriers when modulating different service signals, preventing interference, and achieving wavelength division multiplexing, thereby integrating the modulation and transmission of different types of signals.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 is a block diagram of an optical line terminal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of an optical line terminal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an optical line terminal according to another embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 is a block diagram of an optical network unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical network unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical network unit according to another embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the spectrum of an optical network unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 is a block diagram of a central computing platform according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 is a flowchart of an interaction method between an optical line terminal and an optical network unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a real-time electronic and electrical system according to this application;

[0031] Figure 12 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Reference numerals: Vehicle 1000, Electrical and Electronic System 2000; Optical Communication System 100; Central Computing Platform 10; Optical Line Terminal 1, Optical Network Unit 2, Light Source 3, Controller 4; First Micro-Ring Modulator Element 11, First Micro-Ring Resonator 12, Input Terminal 13, Output Terminal 14, First Photoelectric Conversion Element 15; High-Frequency Micro-Ring Modulator Element 111, Low-Frequency Micro-Ring Modulator Element 112; Micro-Ring Modulator A1, Micro-Ring Modulator A2, Micro-Ring Modulator A3, Micro-Ring Modulator A4, First π / 2 Phase Shifter B, Micro-Ring Modulator C1, Micro-Ring Modulator C2, Second Photoelectric Conversion Element D1, Second Photoelectric Conversion Element D2, Second Photoelectric Conversion Element D3, Second Micro-Ring Resonator R1, Second Micro-Ring Resonator R2, Second Micro-Ring Resonator R3, Third Micro-Ring Modulator E1, Fourth Micro-Ring Modulator F1, Fourth Micro-Ring Modulator F2, Second π / 2 Phase Shifter G, First Optical Fiber n, Second Optical Fiber m.

[0033] Implementation methods of this application

[0034] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of this application are described in detail below.

[0035] To meet the high bandwidth demands of in-vehicle networks, optical fiber communication, as a high-bandwidth, low-latency connection technology, is demonstrating enormous potential and attracting widespread attention. Optical fiber communication can provide multi-gigabit data transmission rates and stable connection quality, meeting the requirements of automotive systems for real-time data transmission and rapid response. Silicon photonics communication is one way to realize optical fiber communication. Silicon photonics modules have significant advantages in high integration, low power consumption, high-speed transmission, strong compatibility, cost-effectiveness, and strong anti-interference capabilities, making it an important technological development direction in the field of optical communication and providing strong support for building efficient and reliable communication networks. Currently, silicon photonics modules mainly use Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) to modulate signals. MZMs require wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) demultiplexers to separate laser frequencies, modulate each frequency, and then use a WDM multiplexer (WDM mUX) to recombine all the WDM multiplexed signals. WDM multiplexers / demultiplexers typically use arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), but they occupy a large space on the silicon substrate and have high losses, especially when the channel spacing is reduced. Furthermore, each wavelength division multiplexing channel requires a π / 2 phase shifter for IQ modulation, which is costly. Therefore, this application proposes an optical line terminal that, while meeting signal transmission requirements, features small size and low power consumption, thereby reducing the overall manufacturing cost of the vehicle-mounted optical communication system architecture.

[0036] The optical line terminal according to an embodiment of this application is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 3.

[0037] Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of an optical line terminal according to an embodiment of this application. The optical line terminal 1 includes a plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11, which are cascaded on a waveguide. Each first micro-ring modulator element 11 has a different resonant wavelength, used to modulate a first target electrical signal corresponding to its channel onto an optical carrier signal with the corresponding resonant wavelength. Specifically, the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 are disposed on a central computing platform for processing control signals issued by the vehicle controller 4. Furthermore, the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 are adapted to connect to the first end of a second optical fiber m for transmitting the modulated optical carrier signal.

[0038] It is understandable that optical fiber communication, as a high-bandwidth, low-latency connection technology, can provide multi-gigabit data transmission rates and stable connection quality, meeting the requirements of automotive systems for real-time data transmission and rapid response. Silicon photonics communication is one way to realize optical fiber communication. The communication method of the second optical fiber m used in the embodiments of this application can be silicon photonics communication, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0039] In this system, the optical carrier signal is emitted by a light source, which may include multiple laser diodes or a combined laser source, i.e., a combined laser. The first micro-ring modulator element 11 is compatible with the combined laser. Specifically, the first micro-ring modulator element 11 includes an MRM (Micro-Ring Modulator). The first micro-ring modulator element 11 can only modulate light of a specific wavelength, i.e., the resonant wavelength of the ring resonator, and allows light of other wavelengths to pass through the modulator without being affected. Therefore, multiple silicon-based optical micro-ring modulator elements 11 with different resonant wavelengths can be cascaded on a single waveguide to achieve independent modulation of optical carrier signals of different wavelengths.

[0040] The controller 4 in the vehicle sends a first target electrical signal to the on-board equipment (i.e., the terminal device) at the remote end of the vehicle to control the on-board equipment. The first micro-ring modulator element 11 can be used to load different first target electrical signals onto optical carrier signals of different wavelengths and transmit them to different on-board devices at the remote end via optical fiber. For each first micro-ring modulator element 11, it can be used to adjust the corresponding target electrical signal; in this embodiment, the downlink control electrical signal to be modulated is uniformly referred to as the first target electrical signal. The first micro-ring modulator element 11 can also function as an electro-optic converter to convert the first target electrical signal into an optical signal, and then modulate it onto the optical carrier signal of the corresponding resonant wavelength of the channel.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the wavelengths of different channels can be achieved by setting the wavelength of the first micro-ring modulator element 11 located in that channel. The wavelength selectivity of the first micro-ring modulator element 11 depends on temperature tuning. The operating wavelength of the first micro-ring modulator element 11 will drift with temperature changes. When adjusting the wavelength of each first micro-ring modulator element 11, an on-chip monitoring photodiode can be introduced at the amplification end of the first micro-ring modulator element 11. This photodiode can monitor the decrease in optical power during modulation, and through simple feedback control, good stability can be maintained at very low frequencies when transmitting registered optical carrier signals in each channel.

[0042] Understandably, traditional wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) requires different OLTs to modulate the service signals for different wavelength optical carriers to prevent interference when modulating different service signals. It also necessitates the use of arrayed waveguide gratings to perform optical wavelength multiplexing and demultiplexing functions. However, this application, by employing multiple first micro-ring modulator elements 11, can achieve the setting of channels for optical carrier signals of different wavelengths, with each channel's signal modulation being independent and not interfering with each other's wavelengths. This allows the first target electrical signal corresponding to a given channel to be modulated onto the optical carrier signal of the corresponding resonant wavelength. Using cascaded first micro-ring modulator elements 11 reduces the number of OLTs required. Furthermore, the use of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 can completely replace arrayed waveguide gratings to perform the corresponding functions; therefore, employing first micro-ring modulator elements 11 significantly simplifies the transceiver composition.

[0043] According to the optical line terminal 1 proposed in the embodiments of this application, by setting at least one first micro-ring modulator element 11 in the first micro-ring modulator element 11, it is possible to modulate the first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel onto the optical carrier signal of the corresponding resonant wavelength of the channel, and transmit it through the second optical fiber m. The first micro-ring modulator element 11 can be used as an electro-optic converter, which has the characteristics of small size and low power consumption. Multiple first micro-ring modulator elements 11 are cascaded to modulate different service signals, which can modulate optical carriers of different wavelengths, prevent interference, realize wavelength division multiplexing, and thus integrate the modulation and transmission of different types of signals.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 include at least one of low-frequency micro-ring modulator elements 112 and high-frequency micro-ring modulator elements 111; that is, the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 in the optical line terminal 1 may include only low-frequency micro-ring modulator elements 112 or only high-frequency micro-ring modulator elements 111.

[0045] In other embodiments, the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 include at least one low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 and at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111. That is, the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 may simultaneously include a low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 and a high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111.

[0046] The resonant wavelength of the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 is greater than that of the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112.

[0047] Understandably, the downlink electrical signals used to control sensors and some cameras are low-speed signals. When loaded onto an optical carrier, they do not require IQ modulation, and such signals are suitable for modulation using low-frequency micro-loop modulator elements. On the other hand, radio frequency signals, antenna-related wireless signals, 5G signals, and V2X application signals are typically high-speed signals. When loaded onto an optical carrier, they require IQ modulation, and such signals are suitable for modulation using high-frequency micro-loop modulator elements.

[0048] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG2, which is a schematic diagram of an optical line terminal according to an embodiment of this application, FIG2 illustrates a case in which a plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 include at least two low-frequency micro-ring modulator elements 112 and two high-frequency micro-ring modulator elements 111.

[0049] Specifically, the first micro-ring modulator element 11 shown in Figure 2 can be used to input four wavelengths of optical carrier signals, where λ1-λ4 represent the four wavelengths of optical carrier signals, corresponding to four types of vehicle-mounted devices: a camera, a sensor, a lidar, and a smart antenna. Service A, Service B, Service C, and Service D represent four downlink control electrical signals used to control the camera, sensor, lidar, and smart antenna, respectively—that is, four first target electrical signals. These four first target electrical signals need to be loaded onto the four wavelengths of optical carrier signals λ1-λ4 to obtain modulated optical signals. These modulated optical signals are transmitted to the remote end of the vehicle via optical fiber. The resonant wavelengths corresponding to λ3 and λ4 are greater than the resonant wavelengths corresponding to λ1 and λ2.

[0050] In some embodiments, the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 includes two micro-ring modulators, which are used to perform IQ modulation on the first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel. It is understood that the optical carrier signal includes an I-channel carrier signal and a Q-channel carrier signal, and the two micro-ring modulators are used to achieve high-bandwidth IQ modulation of the first target electrical signal.

[0051] In some embodiments, one of the two micro-ring modulators of the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 is located in the Q optical path, and the other of the two micro-ring modulators of the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 is located in the I optical path.

[0052] A high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 can be understood as a micro-ring modulator group, that is, each micro-ring modulator group includes two first micro-ring modulators. The two first micro-ring modulators of each high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 are used to perform IQ modulation on the optical carrier signal of the corresponding resonant wavelength of the channel according to the first target electrical signal of the channel where the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 is located, so as to obtain an IQ modulated optical signal containing the first target electrical signal. Specifically, a channel is a wavelength division multiplexing channel. The first micro-ring modulator elements 11 in the same channel can be aligned to the same wavelength, and different channels are assigned different wavelength slots.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, taking the first micro-ring modulator element 11 shown in FIG2 as an example, which includes two high-frequency micro-ring modulator elements 111, the first high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 includes micro-ring modulator A1 and first micro-ring modulator A2, and the second high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 includes first micro-ring modulator A3 and first micro-ring modulator A4.

[0054] The two first micro-ring modulators in the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 are used to modulate the I-channel carrier signal and the Q-channel carrier signal, respectively. Specifically, micro-ring modulator A1 and first micro-ring modulator A3 are used to modulate the Q-channel carrier signal, and first micro-ring modulator A2 and first micro-ring modulator A4 are used to modulate the I-channel carrier signal.

[0055] In some embodiments, the optical line terminal 1 further includes a first π / 2 phase shifter B, which is located on the Q-optical path after the propagation paths of the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 111, and is used to shift the Q-path modulated optical signal. Specifically, the first π / 2 phase shifter B is disposed after the propagation paths of all high-frequency micro-ring modulator elements 111, and can realize the shifting of the Q-path modulated optical signal of each high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111.

[0056] Since the phase shift of all wavelength division multiplexing channels within the C-band optical carrier signal (a 30nm range between 1535nm and 1565nm) differs by only 2%, the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 in this embodiment only requires one first π / 2 phase shifter B to handle all wavelength division multiplexing channels. Furthermore, in IQ modulation, a first target electrical signal is divided into two parts and respectively loaded onto two first micro-ring modulators in the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111. The first π / 2 phase shifter B is located on the transmission path of the Q-channel carrier signal and is used to modulate the phase of the Q-channel carrier signal.

[0057] In some embodiments, the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 is further configured to drive the Hilbert transform pair of the two micro-ring modulators in response to a driving signal to achieve single-sideband (SSB) modulation. It is understood that SSB modulation is primarily used to transmit lidar signals, smart antenna signals, etc., to reduce protocol conversion. Using SSB modulation avoids power attenuation caused by light dispersion and, to some extent, prevents superposition interference between signals. Furthermore, single-sideband (SSB) modulation also reserves a spectral slot with a different bandwidth for the uplink and mitigates Rayleigh scattering.

[0058] Based on the above, when constructing I / Q modulation, the MZM (Mach-Zehnder modulator) requires a π / 2 phase shifter to be added to each pair of MZMs. The MZM modulator is not only large in size (millimeter level) and has greater loss, but also consumes several orders of magnitude more power (picojoules to femtojoules). In contrast, the first micro-ring modulator element 11 only needs to be added to the main circuit, and its size can be reduced to the micrometer level. It has the advantages of low power consumption and small size. Furthermore, the design method of combining the first micro-ring modulator element 11 with the combined laser can significantly simplify the composition of the first micro-ring modulator element 11 and achieve a high degree of integration of each module.

[0059] In some embodiments, the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 includes at least one micro-ring modulator for modulating a first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel via intensity modulation direct detection. Each micro-ring modulator in the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 modulates the intensity of an optical carrier signal of the corresponding resonant wavelength of the channel according to the first target electrical signal of the channel, thereby obtaining an intensity-modulated direct detection optical signal containing the first target electrical signal. One micro-ring modulator of the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 is located in the I-path. That is, each micro-ring modulator of the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 is used to modulate the intensity of the I-path carrier signal.

[0060] The low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 in the first micro-ring modulator element 11 shown in Figure 2 includes at least two micro-ring modulators, namely micro-ring modulator C1 and micro-ring modulator C2, which will be described as an example. A single silicon-based optical micro-ring modulator, such as micro-ring modulator C1 and micro-ring modulator C2, is used to realize the direct modulation of low-rate signals.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 is located after the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 in the propagation path of the optical carrier signal. Furthermore, since each micro-ring modulator of the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 is used to modulate the intensity of the I-channel carrier signal, the first π / 2 phase shifter B is positioned in the transmission path of the Q-channel carrier signal to modulate the phase of the Q-channel carrier signal without affecting the transmission and modulation of the I-channel carrier signal, thereby preventing interference with the modulated optical signal output by the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112.

[0062] Specifically, in the downlink telecommunications transmission direction, the first target electrical signal is loaded onto each of the micro-ring modulators of the first micro-ring modulator element 11 in the form of an electrical signal. The optical carrier signal generated by the light source enters the micro-ring modulators A1-A4, C1, and C2 in the silicon photonic chip of the first micro-ring modulator element 11. Micro-ring modulators A1-A4, C1, and C2 all have the same design, and the operating wavelength of each of the first micro-ring modulator elements 11 can be adjusted by thermal tuning. Micro-ring modulators C1, C2, A1 and A2, and A3 and A4 operate in four channels respectively, and four modulated optical signals are generated in the four channels respectively.

[0063] By setting a specific resonant wavelength channel (i.e., the channel in this embodiment) where the first micro-ring modulator element 11 is located, the first micro-ring modulator element 11 can modulate a first target electrical signal onto a corresponding channel. The first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel is modulated onto the optical carrier signal at the resonant wavelength of the channel, while other optical carrier signals pass through without any impact. Due to the wavelength relationship, the modulated optical carrier signal will not be modulated again at other first micro-ring modulator elements 11.

[0064] In this embodiment, for a four-channel system, four sets of cascaded first micro-ring modulator elements 11 are provided in the optical line terminal 1, enabling the optical line terminal 1 to cover a wide wavelength range. The embodiment of this application uses first micro-ring modulator elements 11 with a diameter of 10 μm, which have a free spectral range of 10 nm, covering 30% of the C-band. This architecture involves two different signal modulation methods to support signals of different rates and frequency bands. Micro-ring modulators C1 and C2 are respectively disposed in two channels to directly modulate the intensity of the corresponding target optical carrier signal. Furthermore, micro-ring modulators A1-A4 are used in pairs and connected to the first π / 2 phase shifter B as quadrature phase modulators to achieve IQ modulation.

[0065] In some embodiments, the optical line terminal 1 further includes an input terminal 13, which is connected to the input terminal of a plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 cascaded together, for inputting optical carrier signals containing multiple different wavelengths. That is, the optical carrier signal emitted by the light source is input to the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 via the input terminal 13.

[0066] In other embodiments, the optical line terminal 1 further includes an output terminal 14, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of a cascaded plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11, for transmitting the modulation signals of the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11 to the first optical fiber n. It is used to output the modulated optical signal of the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements 11, i.e., an optical carrier signal modulated with the first target electrical signal.

[0067] Taking the optical line terminal 1 shown in Figure 2 as an example, four modulated optical signals are superimposed on the output terminal 14, and the superimposed signal is output through the output terminal 14 and transmitted into the second optical fiber m.

[0068] Based on the above, by using at least one low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 in the optical line terminal 1, and / or at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 and the first π / 2 phase shifter B, multiple wavelength optical carrier signals can be modulated into different modulated optical signals required by vehicle-mounted equipment. The spectral efficiency of the optical line terminal 1 can be very high, its channel spacing is comparable to the signal rate of each channel, and it can achieve an 80% spectral occupancy rate. Furthermore, by selecting the correct operating point, no significant inter-channel interference power penalty can be achieved.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG3, which is a block diagram of an optical line terminal according to another embodiment of this application, the optical line terminal 1 further includes at least one first micro-ring resonator 12. The first micro-ring resonator 12 is used to demodulate the optical signal transmitted in the connected first optical fiber n. Specifically, the at least one first micro-ring resonator 12 is adapted to be connected to the first end of the first optical fiber n, and is used to acquire the uplink feedback optical signal of the target end device and convert the uplink feedback optical signal into an electrical signal. The uplink feedback electrical signal is the second target electrical signal, and the uplink feedback optical signal is the optical carrier signal modulated onto the corresponding waveguide by the second target electrical signal.

[0070] The target terminal device is the remote vehicle-mounted device in the above embodiments.

[0071] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the optical line terminal 1 further includes at least one first photoelectric conversion element 15, which is correspondingly connected to at least one first microring resonator 12, for converting the optical signal demodulated by the first microring resonator 12 into an electrical signal. The first microring resonator 12 is used to extract the uplink feedback optical signal of the target end device in the optical fiber transmission optical signal, and the wavelength of the optical carrier signal modulated with the second target electrical signal is matched with the resonant wavelength of the first microring resonator 12. The first photoelectric conversion element 15 is connected to the first microring resonator 12 for converting the uplink feedback optical signal into an electrical signal.

[0072] Specifically, the target terminal device also transmits its operating status data, function execution data, etc., which are the second target electrical signals, back to the controller. These second target electrical signals can also be transmitted back to the optical line terminal 1 via optical fiber by loading them onto an optical carrier. At least one first micro-ring resonator 12, also known as an MRR, has a filtering function, used to demodulate the uplink feedback optical signal from the transmitted optical fiber signal. The first photoelectric conversion element 15 is used to convert the demodulated uplink feedback optical signal into an electrical signal recognizable by the controller.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, an optical network unit is also proposed. FIG4 is a block diagram of an optical network unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0074] The optical network unit 2 is located at the remote end of the vehicle and connects to various sensors and equipment components. The optical network unit 2 includes multiple second micro-ring resonators, each used to demodulate a target optical signal in the optical signal propagating through the connected optical fiber that matches the resonant wavelength of the second micro-ring resonator. The multiple second micro-ring resonators are adapted to connect to the second end of the second optical fiber m to acquire the target optical signal in the optical signal propagating through the optical fiber that matches the resonant wavelength of the second micro-ring resonator. The target optical signal includes IQ modulated optical signals or intensity modulated directly detected optical signals.

[0075] The optical network unit 2 of this application embodiment can be understood in conjunction with Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical network unit according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical network unit according to another embodiment of this application.

[0076] Among them, the micro-ring resonator provides passive filtering function for the network, and multiple second micro-ring resonators are used to receive the optical fiber transmission signal transmitted from the second optical fiber m and demodulate the target optical signal from the optical fiber transmission signal.

[0077] In some embodiments of this application, multiple second microring resonators are cascaded in the waveguide. Taking Figure 5 or Figure 6 as an example, the multiple second microring resonators include three cascaded microring resonators, respectively represented as second microring resonator R1, second microring resonator R2, and second microring resonator R3. The cascaded second microring resonators are used to demultiplex different services.

[0078] As shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6, at the input port of optical network unit 2 (i.e., the port connected to the second end of the second optical fiber m), the received optical fiber propagation signal first passes through multiple second micro-ring resonators. By setting the resonant wavelength and passband range of each second micro-ring resonator, the corresponding service information is filtered out from the optical fiber propagation signal, while retaining the original optical carrier signal.

[0079] For the same optical network unit 2, the target optical signals used for transmission are either all low-speed signals or all high-speed signals. Figures 5 and 6 illustrate two flexible single-service modulation implementations of silicon-based optoelectronic chip optical network units 2. As shown in Figure 5, the service information Am, Bm, and Cm filtered out by the second micro-ring resonators R1, R2, and R3 all represent low-speed signals filtered from the intensity-modulated direct detection optical signal. And, as shown in Figure 6, the service information An, Bn, and Cn filtered out by the second micro-ring resonators R1, R2, and R3 all represent high-speed signals filtered from the IQ-modulated optical signal.

[0080] Furthermore, by setting the passband range of multiple second micro-ring resonators, the target portion of the main carrier can be retained for reuse in uplink service modulation. Specifically, after carrier allocation among these services by multiple second micro-ring resonators in optical network unit 2, even after all service data in the optical fiber propagated optical signal has been removed, more than 60% of the optical carrier can still be used for uplink remodulation. By multiplexing these remaining optical carriers, the uplink signal can be loaded onto these optical carriers, i.e., signal feedback can be achieved. This eliminates the need for a laser in optical network unit 2, thereby significantly reducing costs.

[0081] According to the optical network unit 2 proposed in this application embodiment, by setting multiple second micro-ring resonators, a passive filtering function is provided for the network, which can demodulate the target optical signal from the optical signal propagating in the optical fiber, and finally complete the control of various vehicle-mounted devices. Furthermore, the cascaded arrangement of multiple second micro-ring resonators can be used to demultiplex different service information, thereby integrating and fulfilling the demodulation requirements of different types of signals. This ensures that multiple signals propagate without interference in the same optical network unit and supports multiple rates and bands. This design allows multiple vehicle-mounted devices to share a single optical network unit 2, reducing the number of optical network units 2 used in the entire vehicle.

[0082] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG4, the optical network unit 2 further includes a plurality of second photoelectric conversion elements, which are correspondingly connected to a plurality of second microring resonators. These second photoelectric conversion elements are also adapted to be connected to a target end device to convert the target optical signal demodulated by the connected second microring resonators into an electrical signal. The multiple second photoelectric conversion elements are used to convert the demodulated target optical signal into an electrical signal recognizable by the target end device, ultimately controlling each on-board device. The second photoelectric conversion elements can be implemented using photodiodes.

[0083] In some embodiments of this application, taking the plurality of second photoelectric conversion elements shown in FIG5 or FIG6 as an example, including three second photoelectric conversion elements arranged in cascade, they are respectively represented as second photoelectric conversion element D1, second photoelectric conversion element D2 and second photoelectric conversion element D3.

[0084] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG4, the optical network unit 2 further includes at least one second micro-ring modulator element. The at least one second micro-ring modulator element is connected to the output terminal of a plurality of second micro-ring resonators for modulating a second target electrical signal onto the optical carrier signal output by the plurality of second micro-ring resonators. The second target electrical signal is the uplink feedback electrical signal of the target terminal device.

[0085] Specifically, at least one second micro-ring modulator element is adapted to be connected to the second end of the first optical fiber n, and is used to modulate the filtered optical carrier signal according to the second target electrical signal of the target terminal device to generate the uplink feedback optical signal corresponding to the target terminal device, wherein the filtered optical carrier signal is the optical carrier signal after the target optical signal is extracted by multiple second micro-ring resonators.

[0086] Specifically, in some embodiments, taking at least one second micro-ring modulator element as shown in FIG5 as an example, the at least one second micro-ring modulator element includes at least one low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 and / or at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111. The specific structures of the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element and at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element in the optical network unit 2 of this application embodiment can be understood by referring to the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 and / or at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 in the optical line terminal 1 of the above embodiment. Hereinafter, the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element and the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element in the second micro-ring modulator element will no longer be distinguished by label.

[0087] It is understood that at least one second micro-ring modulator element may include both a low-frequency micro-ring modulator element and at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element, or simultaneously include both a low-frequency micro-ring modulator element and at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element. It is also understood that the resonant wavelength corresponding to the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element is greater than the resonant wavelength corresponding to the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element.

[0088] In some embodiments, the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element includes a micro-ring modulator for modulating the corresponding second target electrical signal by means of direct intensity modulation detection.

[0089] Specifically, the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element includes at least one third micro-ring modulator, each third micro-ring modulator being used to modulate the intensity of the filtered optical carrier signal according to the transmission requirements of the second target electrical signal of the target terminal device. Taking the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element shown in Figure 5, which includes one third micro-ring modulator, as an example, the third micro-ring modulator is denoted as E1.

[0090] In other embodiments of this application, the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element includes two micro-ring modulators, which are used to perform IQ modulation on the corresponding second target electrical signal. Specifically, one of the two micro-ring modulators of the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element is located in the Q optical path, and the other micro-ring modulator is located in the I optical path.

[0091] Taking the second micro-ring modulator element shown in Figure 6, which includes a high-frequency micro-ring modulator element as an example, this high-frequency micro-ring modulator element includes two fourth micro-ring modulators. The two fourth micro-ring modulators are used to perform IQ modulation on the filtered optical carrier signal according to the second target electrical signal of the target terminal device. The two fourth micro-ring modulators are respectively represented as fourth micro-ring modulator F1 and fourth micro-ring modulator F2.

[0092] In some embodiments, the optical network unit 2 further includes a second π / 2 phase shifter G, located on the Q-optical path after the propagation path of at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element, for shifting the Q-path modulated optical signal, which is obtained by modulation by one of two fourth micro-ring modulators. Specifically, the fourth micro-ring modulators F1 and F2, together with the second π / 2 phase shifter G, are used to achieve high-bandwidth IQ modulation.

[0093] In some embodiments of this application, taking at least one second micro-loop modulator element as shown in FIG5 or FIG6 as an example, in the uplink direction, a second micro-loop modulator element can be used to implement direct modulation or IQ modulation to modulate the second target electrical signal onto the sideband not occupied by the downlink broadband signal. Therefore, by using at least one second micro-loop modulator element, embodiments of this application can adjust the power distribution between the carriers dropped in the downlink and the remaining carriers, thus meeting the remodulation requirements of the remaining carriers.

[0094] In the uplink direction, the optical carrier, filtered by multiple second micro-ring resonators, converges into an optical carrier signal at the input of at least one second micro-ring modulator element, with a signal strength of approximately 60% of the original. Through a series of signal modulation processes similar to those in the first micro-ring modulator element 11 of the above embodiment, the second target electrical signal is modulated onto the retained optical carrier signal. This signal is then fed back from the port connecting the optical network unit 2 to the second end of the first optical fiber n to at least one first micro-ring resonator 12 of the optical line terminal 1, and finally provided to the controller 4 in the vehicle. Due to the use of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), multiple second target electrical signals can propagate without interference within the same optical network unit 2, supporting multiple rates and bands. This design allows vehicle-mounted devices using multiple communication signals of the same rate to share a single optical network unit 2. For example, multiple vehicle-mounted devices using low-speed signals can share a single optical network unit 2 for signal processing and transmission, and multiple vehicle-mounted devices using high-speed signals can share a single optical network unit 2 for signal processing and transmission, thereby effectively reducing the usage of the optical network unit 2.

[0095] Furthermore, in some embodiments, at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 in the second micro-ring modulator element is also used to drive the Hilbert transform pair of the two micro-ring modulators in response to a drive signal to achieve single-sideband modulation. The drive signal can be sent by a controller 4 on a central computing platform to control the resonant wavelength of the optical carrier signal modulated by the micro-ring modulator in the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111.

[0096] Figure 7 shows a spectrum diagram of an optical network unit according to an embodiment of this application. Taking the optical network unit shown in Figure 6 as an example, position P1 is an optical carrier modulated with three types of service information: service An, service Bn, and service Cn. After modulation by the second micro-ring resonator R1, the second micro-ring resonator R2, and the second micro-ring resonator R3, the corresponding service information and optical carrier are filtered out at positions P2, P3, and P4, respectively. Finally, a filtered optical carrier signal is obtained. The filtered optical carrier signal is modulated by at least one second micro-ring modulator element, and an uplink feedback optical signal corresponding to the target end device is obtained at position P5.

[0097] Based on the above, the silicon-based optical microring vehicle electronic and electrical architecture of this application embodiment, in addition to its low power consumption and small size, allows the optical network unit 2 to effectively avoid Rayleigh scattering interference. Furthermore, the carrier allocation of each optical network unit 2 requires careful design to detect both baseband / RF signals and modulate the second target electrical signal. For the same optical network unit 2, the design of the spectrum and center wavelength of each second microring resonator alters the carrier rejection ratio, ensuring that the remaining carrier percentage exceeds 60%, sufficient for modulating the second target electrical signal and for recovering the directly detected second target electrical signal. Thus, the optical network unit 2, utilizing the microring resonator, can selectively filter out downlink services, remodulate the residual carrier to the uplink signal, and allow multiple vehicle-mounted devices to share a single optical network unit 2. The entire vehicle network requires only one light source, which can be placed at the front end of the optical line terminal 1, facilitating the addition of cooling components.

[0098] In some embodiments of this application, a central computing platform is also proposed. As shown in FIG8, which is a block diagram of a central computing platform according to an embodiment of this application, the central computing platform 10 includes at least one optical line terminal 1 as described in any of the above embodiments. The central computing platform 10 can be a PCB board, on which the optical line terminal 1 is integrated.

[0099] According to the central computing platform 10 proposed in the embodiments of this application, by setting at least one optical line terminal 1 as described in any of the first aspect embodiments above, the first target electrical signal sent by the central computing platform 10 can be modulated onto an optical carrier signal with a corresponding resonant wavelength in the channel, and transmitted to the vehicle-mounted equipment via optical fiber according to existing silicon photonics factory processes. Multiple optical line terminals 1 can be integrated on the central computing platform 10, which can reduce the overall size of the central computing platform 10, reduce its power consumption, lower production costs, and improve manufacturing efficiency. Furthermore, by setting the optical line terminals 1, interference between different signals can be prevented, wavelength division multiplexing can be achieved, thereby integrating the modulation and transmission of different types of signals.

[0100] In some embodiments, the central computing platform 10 further includes a light source 3 for generating optical carrier signals comprising multiple different wavelengths, which are provided to the input terminal 13 of the optical line terminal 1. Specifically, in some embodiments, the light source 3 includes multiple laser diodes or combined laser sources, such as mode-locked lasers, electrically generated combined laser sources, or other cost-effective combined sources, capable of being used for optical carrier signals of multiple different wavelengths. Combined laser source (CLS) technology has become an important choice for light sources in various optical networks, including optical access networks, due to its potential low cost and greater flexibility. The optical carrier signals are provided to the input terminal 13 of the optical line terminal 1 and transmitted to multiple first micro-ring modulator elements 11 for modulation. Furthermore, placing the light source 3 in the central computing platform 10 provides ample space and facilitates the addition of cooling components.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG8, the central computing platform 10 further includes a controller 4, which is connected to each of the first micro-ring modulator elements 11 and / or the first micro-ring resonators 12 of the optical line terminal 1, and is used to send drive signals to each of the first micro-ring modulator elements 11 and / or the first micro-ring resonators 12 to control the resonant wavelength of the optical carrier signal modulated by each of the first micro-ring modulator elements 11 and / or the resonant wavelength of the first micro-ring resonator 12.

[0102] Specifically, the controller 4 can be a controller integrated on the central computing platform 10. The first target electrical signal sent by the controller 4 can include control signals, parameters, commands, etc., for controlling various on-board devices. These signals are all electrical signals and need to be loaded onto an optical carrier signal and transmitted to the remote end via optical fiber. When controlling the resonant wavelength of the optical carrier signal modulated by each first micro-ring modulator element 11 and / or the resonant wavelength of the first micro-ring resonator 12, the controller 4 can directly send the corresponding control signal to the optical line terminal 1 located on the central computing platform 10 to control the resonant wavelength of the optical carrier signal modulated by the first micro-ring modulator element 11 and / or the resonant wavelength of the first micro-ring resonator 12 located on the central computing platform 10. Furthermore, the controller 4 can also send control management signals and load them onto the optical carrier signal, transmitting them via optical fiber to the remote second micro-ring modulator element and / or multiple second micro-ring resonators to control the resonant wavelength of the optical carrier signal modulated by the second micro-ring modulator element in the optical network unit 2 and / or the resonant wavelength of the multiple second micro-ring resonators.

[0103] In some embodiments of this application, the controller 4 is also used to drive the Hilbert transform pairs of the two first micro-ring modulators A of each high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 in the optical line terminal 1 to achieve single-sideband modulation.

[0104] Specifically, the paired micro-ring modulators, by setting a first π / 2 phase shifter B, form a high-frequency micro-ring modulator element by using the π / 2 phase difference between the two branches. Single-sideband (SSB) modulation is achieved by driving the Hilbert transform pair of each high-frequency micro-ring modulator element. This can include high-frequency micro-ring modulator elements in optical line terminal 1 and high-frequency micro-ring modulator elements in optical network unit 2.

[0105] In some embodiments of this application, an optical communication system is also proposed. Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of an optical communication system according to an embodiment of this application. The optical communication system 100 includes at least one optical line terminal 1 as described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect above; or, the optical communication system 100 includes a central computing platform 10 as described in any of the embodiments of the third aspect above; and / or, at least one optical network unit 2 as described in any of the embodiments of the second aspect above. The optical line terminal 1 is disposed on the central computing platform 10, and the optical network unit 2 is connected to the central computing platform 10 via optical fiber. Figure 9 only shows the communication between the optical network unit 2 and the central computing platform 10.

[0106] Both the optical line terminal 1 and the optical network unit 2 employ a structure of a first micro-ring modulator element and a micro-ring resonator, providing signal modulation and filtering functions for the network, respectively. This simplifies the silicon photonics architecture and enables the fusion and transmission of different signals, meeting the requirements of high integration, small size, and low power consumption. Furthermore, the optical communication system 100 architecture utilizes existing silicon photonics factory processes, placing the optical line terminal 1 on the central computing platform 10 and connecting the optical network unit 2 to the central computing platform 10 via optical fiber. This reduces manufacturing costs and improves production efficiency. The optical communication system 100 can achieve high-speed, high-bandwidth, and reliable data transmission, providing innovative solutions for intelligent transportation and vehicle intelligence.

[0107] Figure 10 shows a flowchart of an optical line terminal and optical network unit interaction method according to an embodiment of this application. The optical line terminal and optical network unit interaction method includes at least steps S01-S05, as follows.

[0108] Step S01: The central computing platform processes and sends downlink service electrical signals. That is, controller 4 sends the first target electrical signal.

[0109] Step S02: Determine whether IQ modulation is required (e.g., lidar, smart antenna, etc.). If yes, proceed to step S03; otherwise, proceed to step S04.

[0110] Step S03: The signal is IQ modulated using a pair of MRMs and loaded into the optical carrier signal for downlink transmission. This process is performed by the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element 111 in the optical line terminal 1 of the above embodiment, which is IQ modulated by a set of MRMs and a π / 2 phase shifter.

[0111] Step S04: The signal is directly modulated onto the optical carrier signal using a single MRM and then transmitted downlink. This process is performed by the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element 112 in the optical line terminal 1 of the above embodiment, which directly modulates the signal onto the optical carrier signal using a single cascaded MRM.

[0112] Step S05: The ONU (Optical Network Unit) uses a micro-ring resonator to filter the downlink signal and modulate the uplink service. Specifically, in the ONU, a cascaded MRR (Medium-Range Resonator) filters and discards the downlink service information, then remodulates the remaining information onto the optical carrier signal for uplink signal transmission.

[0113] Based on the above, this series of steps constitutes a complete signal interaction process, enabling the entire system to effectively process and transmit different types of signals.

[0114] In some embodiments of this application, an electronic and electrical system is also proposed, as shown in FIG11, which is a schematic diagram of a real-time electronic and electrical system according to this application. The electronic and electrical system 2000 includes the optical communication system 100 of the fourth aspect embodiment above. The electronic and electrical system 2000 also includes at least one terminal device, which is electrically connected to the optical communication system 100.

[0115] The terminus device refers to the vehicle-mounted device at the remote end of the vehicle, and at least one end device includes sensors and / or actuators. Specifically, the vehicle-mounted device may include vehicle-mounted devices such as cameras, sensors, lidar, and smart antennas connected to the ONU element as shown in Figure 11. The camera and lidar can be actuators. The OLT is the optical line terminal 1 in the above embodiment, the ONU element is the optical network unit 2, and the CLS is a combined laser light source. The optical communication system 100 may include multiple ONU elements, and each ONU element can connect to multiple end devices.

[0116] The electronic and electrical system 2000 proposed according to the embodiments of this application includes the optical communication system 100 of the fourth aspect embodiment above. It can realize an integrated communication solution for external and internal vehicle communication. At least one terminal device is set up and electrically connected to the optical communication system 100, so that the electronic and electrical system 2000 has the ability to integrate and transmit multiple services, and can seamlessly connect the vehicle communication network and the vehicle network, realizing all-round communication coverage and efficient data transmission.

[0117] In some embodiments of this application, a vehicle is also proposed. As shown in FIG12, which is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application, the vehicle 1000 includes the optical communication system 100 of the above embodiment or the electronic and electrical system 200 of the fifth aspect embodiment above. FIG12 only shows the case where the vehicle 1000 includes the optical communication system 100 of the above embodiment.

[0118] The vehicle 100 also includes at least one target terminal device, which is connected to the optical network unit 2 of the optical communication system 100.

[0119] The vehicle 100 in this application embodiment provides an optical communication system 100 for the vehicle communication backbone network or the electronic and electrical system 200 of the fifth aspect embodiment above. Structurally, it achieves a highly integrated and compact design, saving design space for the vehicle's hardware structure and reducing overall vehicle manufacturing costs. In terms of control methods, it realizes an integrated communication solution for both external and internal vehicle communication. The optical communication system 100 supports a passive optical network system that combines direct modulation / direct detection and coherent detection, or one of these modulation methods. It has the ability to integrate and transmit multiple services, including low-speed and high-speed signals. The optical communication system 100 can seamlessly connect the vehicle communication network with the vehicle network, achieving comprehensive communication coverage and efficient data transmission. Regardless of the environment in which the vehicle 1000 is located, the optical communication system 100 can provide a reliable communication connection, ensuring fast and stable data exchange within and between vehicles 1000. This integrated communication solution brings significant progress to vehicle communication and paves the way for the development of next-generation vehicle electronic and electrical architectures.

[0120] Other configurations and operations of the vehicle 1000, optical communication system 100, and central computing platform 10 according to embodiments of this application are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0121] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0122] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0123] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optical line terminal (1), wherein, include: Multiple first micro-ring modulator elements (11) are cascaded on the waveguide; Multiple first micro-ring modulator elements have different resonant wavelengths, used to modulate the first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel onto the optical carrier signal with the corresponding resonant wavelength.

2. The optical line terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements include at least one of a low-frequency micro-ring modulator element (112) and a high-frequency micro-ring modulator element (111); The resonant wavelength of the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element is greater than that of the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element.

3. The optical line terminal according to claim 2, wherein, The high-frequency micro-ring modulator element includes two micro-ring modulators (12), which are used to perform IQ modulation on the first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel.

4. The optical line terminal according to claim 3, wherein, One of the two micro-ring modulators of the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element is located in the Q optical path, and the other micro-ring modulator is located in the I optical path.

5. The optical line terminal according to claim 4, wherein, The optical line terminal also includes: The first π / 2 phase shifter (B) is located on the Q-optical path after the propagation path of the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements, and is used to shift the Q-path modulated optical signal.

6. The optical line terminal according to claim 3, wherein, The high-frequency micro-ring modulator element is also used to drive the Hilbert transform pair of the two micro-ring modulators in response to the driving signal to achieve single-sideband modulation.

7. The optical line terminal according to claim 4, wherein, The low-frequency micro-ring modulator element includes a micro-ring modulator used to modulate the first target electrical signal corresponding to the channel by direct detection through intensity modulation.

8. The optical line terminal according to claim 7, wherein, The plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements include at least one low-frequency micro-ring modulator element and at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element; One of the micro-ring modulators of the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element is located in the I optical path.

9. The optical line terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The optical line terminal also includes: At least one first microring resonator is provided for demodulating the optical signal transmitted in the connected first optical fiber (n).

10. The optical line terminal according to claim 9, wherein, The optical line terminal also includes: At least one first photoelectric conversion element (15) is connected to the at least one first microring resonator to convert the optical signal demodulated by the first microring resonator into an electrical signal.

11. The optical line terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The optical line terminal also includes: The input terminal (13) is connected to the input terminal of the cascaded first micro-ring modulator elements and is used to input optical carrier signals containing multiple different wavelengths.

12. The optical line terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The optical line terminal also includes: Output terminal (14), one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the cascaded plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements, for transmitting the modulation signal of the plurality of first micro-ring modulator elements to the second optical fiber.

13. An optical network unit (2), wherein, include: Multiple second microring resonators, each of which is used to demodulate the target optical signal in the optical signal propagating in the connected optical fiber that matches the resonant wavelength of the second microring resonator.

14. The optical network unit according to claim 13, wherein, The plurality of second microring resonators are cascaded and arranged in the waveguide.

15. The optical network unit according to claim 13 or 14, wherein, The optical network unit also includes: At least one second microring modulator element is provided, wherein the at least one microring modulator element is connected to the output terminal of the plurality of second microring resonators, and is used to modulate the second target electrical signal onto the optical carrier signal output by the plurality of second microring resonators.

16. The optical network unit according to claim 15, wherein, The at least one second micro-ring modulator element includes at least one low-frequency micro-ring modulator element and / or at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element; The resonant wavelength of the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element is greater than that of the low-frequency micro-ring modulator element.

17. The optical network unit according to claim 16, wherein, The high-frequency micro-ring modulator element includes two micro-ring modulators, which are used to perform IQ modulation on the corresponding second target electrical signal.

18. The optical network unit according to claim 17, wherein, One of the two micro-ring modulators of the high-frequency micro-ring modulator element is located in the Q optical path, and the other micro-ring modulator is located in the I optical path.

19. The optical network unit according to claim 18, wherein, The optical network unit also includes: The second π / 2 phase shifter (G), located on the Q-optical path after the propagation path of the at least one high-frequency micro-ring modulator element, is used to shift the Q-path modulated optical signal.

20. The optical network unit according to claim 17, wherein, The high-frequency micro-ring modulator element is also used to drive the Hilbert transform pair of the two micro-ring modulators in response to the driving signal to achieve single-sideband modulation.

21. The optical network unit according to claim 16, wherein, The low-frequency micro-ring modulator element includes a micro-ring modulator used to modulate the corresponding second target electrical signal by direct detection through intensity modulation.

22. The optical network unit according to any one of claims 13 to 21, wherein, The optical network unit also includes: Multiple second photoelectric conversion elements are connected to the multiple second microring resonators to convert the target optical signal demodulated by the connected second microring resonators into an electrical signal.

23. A central computing platform (10), wherein, It includes at least one optical line terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

24. The central computing platform according to claim 23, wherein, The central computing platform also includes: Light source (3), the light source is used to generate optical carrier signals containing multiple different wavelengths, the optical carrier signals are provided to the input terminal of the optical line terminal.

25. The central computing platform according to claim 24, wherein, The light source includes multiple laser diodes or a combination of laser sources.

26. The central computing platform according to any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein, The central computing platform also includes: The controller (4) is connected to each of the first microring modulator elements and / or the first microring resonators of the optical line terminal and is used to send drive signals to the first microring modulator elements and / or the first microring resonators.

27. An optical communication system (100), wherein, The optical communication system includes at least one optical line terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 12; Alternatively, the optical communication system includes the central computing platform as described in any one of claims 23 to 26; And / or, at least one optical network unit as described in any one of claims 13 to 22.

28. An electronic and electrical system (2000), wherein, The electronic and electrical system includes the optical communication system of claim 27, and further includes at least one terminal device, the at least one terminal device being electrically connected to the optical communication system.

29. The electronic and electrical system according to claim 28, wherein, The at least one end device includes a sensor and / or an actuator.

30. A vehicle (1000), wherein, This includes the optical communication system of claim 27 or the electronic and electrical system of claim 28 or 29.

31. The vehicle according to claim 30, wherein, The vehicle also includes at least one target terminal device, which is electrically connected to the optical network unit of the optical communication system.

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