Sample analyzer

Abstract

Provided in the present application is a sample analyzer, aiming to improve the detection efficiency of the sample analyzer for a large number of samples. The sample analyzer in the present application comprises: a sample dispensing device; a reagent dispensing device; a reaction device, which comprises at least two coaxially arranged reaction assemblies, each reaction assembly having at least two placement positions used for placement of reaction vessels and incubation of reaction solutions within the reaction vessels; and at least two optical detection devices, each of which comprises a front light assembly and a rear light assembly, wherein the front light assembly is used to generate a first incident light beam and propagate the first incident light beam to the reaction vessels in the reaction assemblies, and after the first incident light beam propagates to the reaction solutions in the reaction vessels, the reaction vessels emit scattered light beams, and the rear light assembly is at least used to receive the scattered light beams and collect scattered light signals; a single reaction assembly is provided between the front light assembly and the rear light assembly in each optical detection device.

Description

A sample analyzer

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411554860.X, filed on October 31, 2024, entitled "A Sample Analyzer", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of biochemical technology, and in particular to a sample analyzer. Background Technology

[0003] When performing immunoassay on samples, biochemical analyzers use the amount of scattered light from the detection light source to calculate the component concentration to improve detection sensitivity, because the concentration of the analyte is low.

[0004] Biochemical analyzers perform immunoassay on samples by injecting the sample into the reaction container held by the analyzer's reaction plate for the detection of scattered light signals. However, current analyzers typically use a single-ring reaction plate, which means that when testing a large number of samples, the sample in the reaction container of the single-ring reaction plate needs to be replaced repeatedly, resulting in low efficiency for biochemical analyzers when testing large numbers of samples. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a sample analyzer to improve the detection efficiency of a large number of samples.

[0006] This application provides a sample analyzer, including:

[0007] The sample dispensing device is used to dispense the sample to be tested from the sample tube into the reaction vessel;

[0008] A reagent dispensing device is used to dispense reaction reagents into the reaction container, wherein the test sample and the reaction reagents in the reaction container are mixed to form a reaction solution;

[0009] A reaction apparatus comprising at least two reaction components arranged coaxially, each of the reaction components having at least two placement positions for placing the reaction vessel and incubating the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel;

[0010] At least two sets of optical detection devices, each set of optical detection devices including a front optical component and a rear optical component, the front optical component being used to generate a first incident beam and propagate the first incident beam to the reaction container in the reaction component, after the first incident beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction container, the reaction container emits a scattered beam, the rear optical component being used at least to receive the scattered beam and collect the scattered light signal;

[0011] A single reaction component is disposed between the front light component and the rear light component in each group of optical detection devices.

[0012] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application have the following advantages:

[0013] The sample analyzer in this embodiment includes a reaction device, which includes at least two reaction components arranged coaxially. The reaction device also includes at least two sets of optical detection devices, and each reaction component is provided with a front optical component and a rear optical component that cooperate with each other. In this way, the front optical component and the rear optical component in the at least two sets of optical detection devices can cooperate with each other to continuously detect the scattered light signal of the reaction liquid in the reaction container of the at least two reaction components. This avoids the problem of low detection efficiency caused by the need to repeatedly replace the reaction liquid in the reaction container of a single reaction component when detecting a large number of samples in the prior art. It also improves the detection efficiency for a large number of samples. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the sample analyzer architecture in the application example;

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the functional modules in the embodiments of this application;

[0016] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sample analyzer in this application;

[0017] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the dual-loop reaction assembly in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sample analyzer that includes two sets of optical detection devices and one set of transmitted light detection devices in this application.

[0019] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the sample analyzer in this application;

[0020] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of two sets of optical detection devices in the dual-ring reaction assembly in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of two sets of optical detection devices in the dual-circle reaction assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of two sets of first optical detection devices and one set of second optical detection devices in the dual-circle reaction assembly in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of an optical detection device in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another optical path structure of the optical detection device in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another optical path structure of the optical detection device in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another optical path structure of the optical detection device in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another optical path structure of the optical detection device in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of another optical path structure of the optical detection device in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the optical receiving surface of a coaxial circular fiber optic receiver in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the light receiving surface of a coaxial regular polygonal fiber optic receiver in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of another optical path structure of the optical detection device in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the light receiving surface of the coaxial circular photodetector in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the light receiving surface of the coaxial regular polygonal photodetector in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] This application provides a sample analyzer to improve the detection efficiency of a large number of samples.

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0037] Before detailing this application, let me first describe the structure of the sample analyzer.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1. The embodiment of Figure 1 discloses a sample analyzer, including at least one functional module 10 (or one or more functional modules 10), an input module 20, a display module 30, a memory 40, and a processor 50, which are described below.

[0039] Each functional module 10 is used to complete at least one function required in the sample analysis process. These functional modules 10 work together to complete the sample analysis and obtain the sample analysis results.

[0040] For ease of description of functional module 10, please refer to Figure 2. The functional module in Figure 2 may include sample component 11, sample dispensing mechanism 12, reagent component 13, reagent dispensing mechanism 14, mixing mechanism 15, reaction component 16, and optical detection component 17, etc.

[0041] The sample component 11 is used to carry the sample. In some examples, the sample component 11 may include a sample delivery module (SDM) and a front-end track; in other examples, the sample component 11 may also be a sample tray, which includes multiple sample positions for placing sample tubes, and the sample tray can be rotated to the corresponding position, such as the position for the sample dispensing mechanism 12 to pick up the sample, by rotating its tray structure.

[0042] The sample dispensing mechanism 12 is used to aspirate samples and dispense them into the reaction container to be sampled. For example, the sample dispensing mechanism 12 may include a sample needle, which is driven by a two-dimensional or three-dimensional mechanism to move in two-dimensional or three-dimensional space, so that the sample needle can move to aspirate the sample carried by the sample component 11, move to the reaction container to be sampled, and dispense the sample into the reaction container.

[0043] The reagent component 13 is used to hold reagents. In one embodiment, the reagent component 13 can be a reagent tray, which is arranged in a disc shape and has multiple positions for holding reagent containers. The reagent component 13 can rotate and drive the reagent containers it holds to rotate, so as to rotate the reagent containers to a specific position, such as the position where the reagent dispensing mechanism 14 picks up the reagents. The number of reagent components 13 can be one or more.

[0044] The reagent dispensing mechanism 14 is used to draw up reagents and discharge them into the reaction vessel to which the reagents are to be added. In one embodiment, the reagent dispensing mechanism 14 may include a reagent needle, which moves in two or three dimensions in space via a two-dimensional or three-dimensional driving mechanism, thereby moving the reagent needle to draw up the reagent carried by the reagent component 13, and to move to the reaction vessel to which the reagents are to be added, and to discharge the reagents into the reaction vessel.

[0045] The mixing mechanism 15 is used to mix the reaction liquid that needs to be mixed in the reaction vessel. There can be one or more mixing mechanisms 15.

[0046] The reaction component 16 has at least one placement position for placing a reaction container and incubating the reaction liquid in the reaction container. For example, the reaction component 16 can be a reaction disk, which is arranged in a disk-shaped structure and has one or more placement positions for placing reaction containers. The reaction disk can rotate and drive the reaction container in its placement position to rotate, for managing the reaction container and incubating the reaction liquid in the reaction container within the reaction disk.

[0047] The optical detection component 17 is used to perform optical measurement on the incubated reaction solution to obtain the reaction data of the sample. For example, the optical detection component 17 is used to detect the transmitted light beam and the scattered light beam of the reaction solution, and to detect the concentration of the reaction solution based on the transmitted light detection data and the scattered light detection data.

[0048] The above are some examples of functional module 10. The following will continue to describe the other components and structures in the sample analyzer.

[0049] Input module 20 is used to receive user input. Commonly, input module 20 can be a mouse and keyboard, etc. In some cases, it can also be a touch screen, which has the function of allowing users to input and display content. Therefore, in this example, input module 20 and display module 30 are integrated together.

[0050] The display module 30 can be used to display information. In some embodiments, the sample analyzer itself can integrate the display module. In other embodiments, the sample analyzer can also be connected to a computer device (e.g., a computer) and the information can be displayed through the display unit (e.g., a display screen) of the computer device. These are all within the scope of the display module 30 defined and protected herein.

[0051] Memory 40 can be volatile or persistent storage. The program stored in memory 40 may include one or more modules, each module may include a series of instruction operations on processor 50.

[0052] The processor 50 can communicate with the memory 40 and the optical detection component 17 to obtain the algorithm pre-stored in the memory 40, as well as the transmitted light detection data and scattered light detection data detected by the optical detection component 17, and further calculate the transmitted light detection data and scattered light detection data according to the algorithm to obtain the physical parameters of the sample in the reaction solution, such as the concentration of the sample in the reaction solution.

[0053] Based on the sample analyzer in the embodiments described in Figures 1 and 2, the sample analyzer in the embodiments of this application will be described below. Please refer to Figure 3. The sample analyzer in Figure 3 includes at least a sample dispensing device 31, a reagent dispensing device 32, a reaction device 33, and at least one set of optical detection devices 34. The structure and function of the sample dispensing device 31 and the reagent dispensing device 32 can be referred to the sample dispensing mechanism 12 and the reagent dispensing mechanism 14 described in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0054] The reaction device 33 includes at least two reaction components arranged coaxially. Each reaction component has at least one placement position for placing the reaction container 330 and incubating the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330. For ease of understanding, Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the coaxially arranged double-ring reaction components. Of course, in actual scenarios, the number of rings of the reaction device 33 can be set according to the actual situation, such as setting 3 rings, 4 rings or 5 rings, etc. There is no specific limitation on the number of rings of the reaction device 33 here.

[0055] At least two sets of optical detection devices 34, each set of optical detection devices 34 includes a front light component 341 and a rear light component 342. The front light component 341 is used to generate a first incident light beam and propagate the first incident light beam to the reaction container in the reaction component. After the first incident light beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction container, the reaction container emits a scattered light beam. The rear light component is used to receive the scattered light beam and collect the scattered light signal. A single reaction component is arranged between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 of each set of optical detection devices 34.

[0056] It is easy to understand that when the reaction components in the reaction device 33 are circular, the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 are configured to cooperate with each other, respectively set on the inner and outer sides of each ring of reaction components, so as to measure the scattered light signal in the reaction liquid.

[0057] Specifically, the inner and outer sides of each reaction assembly are described in detail below:

[0058] Because the reaction assembly is circular, the inner and outer sides of each circular reaction assembly refer to the inner and outer sides of each circular reaction assembly. For ease of understanding, the following example illustrates this:

[0059] Assuming the reaction device 33 includes three rings of reaction components, and the reaction device 33 is divided into a first reaction component, a second reaction component, and a third reaction component from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the reaction device, then the inner side of the first reaction component refers to any region inside the first reaction component, while the outer side of the first reaction component can be the annular region between the first and second reaction components, or the annular region between the second and third reaction components, or the outer side of the third reaction component. Here, there is no specific restriction on the outer side of the first reaction component. The inner side of the second reaction component can be the inner side of the first reaction component, or the annular region between the first and second reaction components. The outer side of the second reaction component can be the annular region between the second and third reaction components, or the outer side of the third reaction component. Here, there is no specific restriction on the specific location of the inner side of the second reaction component and the specific location of the outer side of the second reaction component. The inner side of the third reaction component can be the inner side of the first reaction component, or the annular region between the first and second reaction components, or the annular region between the second and third reaction components. The outer side of the third reaction component is any region outside the third reaction component. Here, there is no restriction on the specific location of the inner side of the third reaction component. Of course, the reaction device 33 here can also be a two-ring reaction assembly, a four-ring reaction assembly, or a five-ring reaction assembly, etc. Regardless of how the number of rings of the reaction device 33 is set, the inner and outer sides of each ring reaction assembly are similar to the inner and outer sides of each ring reaction assembly in the above three-ring reaction assembly, which will not be elaborated here.

[0060] Furthermore, the specific number of optical detection devices 34 is not limited in this embodiment. In actual scenarios, the sample analyzer may be equipped with only two sets of optical detection devices 34, or three sets of optical detection devices 34, or four sets of optical detection devices 34, etc.

[0061] As an optional embodiment, when two sets of optical detection devices 34 are set in the sample analyzer, and the reaction device 33 includes a first reaction component and a second reaction component radially from the inside to the outside of the reaction device, one of the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in one set of optical detection devices 34 is set inside the first reaction component, and the other is set in the annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component; one of the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in the other set of optical detection devices 34 is set in the annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component, and the other is set outside the second reaction component. Preferably, because the space inside the first reaction component is larger, it can accommodate more optical elements, thereby improving the flexibility of setting the optical path inside the first reaction component. Therefore, the rear light component 342 in one set of optical detection devices 34 is set inside the first reaction component, and the front light component 341 is set in the annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component, while the front light component 341 in the other set of optical detection devices 34 is set in the annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component, and the rear light component is set outside the second reaction component.

[0062] In this embodiment, two reaction components and two sets of optical detection devices are provided in the reaction device of the sample analyzer, and each reaction component is provided with a front optical component and a rear optical component for collecting scattered light signals, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the scattered light signals of the reaction liquid in each reaction component.

[0063] Furthermore, in the process of building the rear optical component, this embodiment of the application also places a set of rear optical components of optical detection devices inside the first reaction component and another set of rear optical components of optical detection devices outside the second reaction component, thereby providing sufficient space for the construction of the rear optical component and improving the flexibility of the optical path setting in the rear optical component.

[0064] As another optional embodiment, at least one set of optical detection devices 34 can be provided in the sample analyzer. The optical detection device 34 includes a front light component 341 and a rear light component 342. The front light component 341 is used to generate a first incident light beam and propagate the first incident light beam to the reaction container in the reaction component. After the first incident light beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction container, the reaction container emits a scattered light beam. The rear light component 342 is used to receive the scattered light beam and collect the scattered light signal. At least two reaction components are provided between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 of each set of optical detection devices 34.

[0065] In other words, in this embodiment of the application, the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in the optical detection device 34 can respectively collect the scattered light signals of the reaction liquid in the two reaction components, so that the user does not need to repeatedly replace the reaction liquid in a single reaction component. After measuring the scattered light signal of the reaction liquid in the first reaction component of the two reaction components using the optical detection device 34, the scattered light signal of the reaction liquid in the second reaction component of the two reaction components is then measured, thereby improving the detection efficiency of detecting the scattered light signal of the reaction liquid in the reaction components.

[0066] As an optional embodiment, two sets of optical detection devices 34 can also be provided in the sample analyzer, and the two reaction components include a first reaction component and a second reaction component from the inside to the outside in the radial direction of the reaction device 33 (that is, when the reaction device 33 includes two ring-shaped reaction components, the inner reaction component is the first reaction component and the outer reaction component is the second reaction component). In each set of optical detection devices 34, one of the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 is located on the radial inner side of the first reaction component, and the other is located on the radial outer side of the reaction component.

[0067] In this embodiment, two sets of optical detection devices 34 are provided for the two reaction components to cooperate with each other. This allows the two sets of optical detection devices 34 to simultaneously collect and measure the scattered light signals of the reaction liquid in the two reaction components, thereby further improving the measurement efficiency of measuring the reaction liquid in the reaction components.

[0068] As an optional embodiment, the optical detection device 34 can also be configured in another form: Specifically, the optical detection device 34 in the sample analyzer includes a first optical detection device 3411 and a second optical detection device 3422, wherein the first optical detection device 3411 includes a first front light component 34111 and a first rear light component 34112, the second optical detection device 3422 includes a second front light component 34221 and a second rear light component 34222, and a single reaction component is disposed between the first front light component 34111 and the first rear light component 34112, and at least two reaction components are disposed between the second front light component 34221 and the second rear light component 34222.

[0069] The first front light component 34111 and the first rear light component 34112 can be located on the radial inner and outer sides of the first reaction component in the two reaction components, or on the radial inner and outer sides of the second reaction component in the two reaction components. There are no specific restrictions on the location of the first front light component and the first rear light component.

[0070] Optionally, one of the first front light component 34111 and the first rear light component 34112 in the first optical detection device 3411 can be disposed inside the first reaction component, and the other can be disposed in the annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component. Alternatively, one of the second front light component 34221 and the second rear light component 34222 in the second optical detection device 3422 can be disposed inside the first reaction component radially, and the other can be disposed outside the second reaction component.

[0071] Alternatively, one of the first front light component 34111 and the first rear light component 34112 in the first optical detection device 3411 can be disposed in the annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component, and the other can be disposed on the radial outer side of the second reaction component. In the second optical detection device 3422, one of the second front light component 34221 and the second rear light component 34222 can be disposed on the radial inner side of the first reaction component, and the other can be disposed on the outer side of the second reaction component.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first optical detection device 3411 can measure the scattered light signal of the reaction liquid in one reaction component alone, while the second optical detection device 3422 can measure the scattered light signal of the reaction liquid in both reaction components. That is, the second optical detection device 3422 can detect not only the scattered light signal of the reaction liquid in the first reaction component, but also the scattered light signal of the reaction liquid in the second reaction component. This achieves the assistance of the second optical detection device 3422 to the first optical detection device 3411 when the first optical detection device 3411 is busy (i.e., there are many reaction liquids with scattered light signals to be measured in the reaction component corresponding to the first optical detection device 3411), thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the scattered light signal measurement of the reaction liquid in the reaction component corresponding to the first optical detection device 3411.

[0073] As an optional embodiment, in order to improve the efficiency of the cooperation between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in the optical detection device 34, the embodiments of this application can also arrange the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in the same radial direction of the reaction component, that is, the optical axes of the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 are coaxially arranged, thereby improving the intensity of the scattered light signal collected by the rear light component 342, and correspondingly improving the accuracy of the measurement of the analyte in the reaction liquid.

[0074] As an optional embodiment, the front light component 341 in this application embodiment may include a light source and a shaping component. The light source is used to emit a light beam of a preset wavelength, while the shaping component is used to filter or shape the light beam of the preset wavelength to obtain a first incident light beam. The light source may be an LED lamp, a halogen lamp, or a laser lamp of various wavelengths. There is no specific limitation on the type of light source. Furthermore, the shaping component in this application embodiment may include a single convex lens or a combination of multiple convex lenses, as long as the light beam emitted by the light source can be shaped into the first incident light beam. There is no specific limitation on the composition structure of the shaping component.

[0075] As an optional embodiment, the backlight assembly 342 in this application embodiment may include a lens assembly for collecting scattered light signals and a scattered light detector. The lens assembly is used to converge the scattered light and propagate the converged scattered light beam to the scattered light detector. The specific composition of the lens assembly and the type of the scattered light detector are not specifically limited here.

[0076] Furthermore, when detecting the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330, it is necessary for the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 on both sides of the inner and outer sides of each reaction component to cooperate in detection. During the detection process, in order to detect the scattered light beam emitted from the reaction vessel 330, the optical axes of the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 can be set coaxially or non-coaxially, as long as the scattered light beam emitted from the reaction vessel 330 can be detected. Here, there are no specific restrictions on the positional relationship between the optical axes of the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342.

[0077] Based on the sample analyzer in Figure 3, as an optional embodiment, the sample analyzer may further include: a transmitted light detection device 35, which includes a front transmitted light component 351 and a rear transmitted light component 352. The front transmitted light component 351 is used to generate a second incident light beam and propagate the second incident light beam to the reaction container 330 in the reaction assembly. After the second incident light beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330, the reaction container 330 emits the transmitted light beam.

[0078] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, the first incident beam and the second incident beam can be beams of the same wavelength band or beams of different wavelength bands. Here, there is no specific limitation on the wavelength of the first incident beam and the second incident beam.

[0079] As an optional embodiment, the transmission light front light component 351 in this application embodiment includes a light source and a shaping component, wherein the light source is used to emit a light beam of a preset wavelength, and the shaping component is used to filter or shape the light beam of the preset wavelength to obtain a second incident light beam.

[0080] The post-transmitted light component 352 is used to receive the transmitted light beam and collect the transmitted light signal. The post-transmitted light component 352 adopts a post-splitting scheme.

[0081] The optical detection device 34 and the transmitted light detection device 35 are arranged at circumferential intervals along the reaction device 33.

[0082] Specifically, the back-light transmission component 352 here includes a lens assembly and a transmission light detector. The lens assembly is used to converge the transmitted light and then direct the converged transmitted light beam onto the transmission light detector.

[0083] The optical detection device 34 and the transmitted light detection device 35 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the reaction device 33. Specifically, the interval can be 30° or 50°, etc. There is no specific limitation on the degree of interval between the optical detection device 34 and the transmitted light detection device 35.

[0084] Furthermore, this application embodiment does not impose a specific limitation on the number of transmitted light detection devices 35. The transmitted light detection devices 35 can be set in one set or multiple sets. That is, the number of transmitted light detection devices 35 can be set according to actual needs. For ease of understanding, Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a sample analyzer that includes two sets of optical detection devices 34 and one set of transmitted light detection devices 35.

[0085] In addition to the optical detection device 34 for detecting scattered light signals, this embodiment of the application also includes a transmission light detection device 35 for detecting transmitted light signals. This allows the optical detection device 34 and the transmission light detection device 35 to simultaneously detect both the scattered light signals and the transmitted light signals of the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel, thereby further improving the detection efficiency of the reaction liquid in the reaction device 33.

[0086] As an optional embodiment, please refer to FIG6. The sample analyzer in this embodiment may include: a sample dispensing device 31, a reagent dispensing device 32, a reaction device 33, and at least one set of optical detection devices 34. The descriptions of the sample dispensing device 31, the reagent dispensing device 32, and the reaction device 33 are similar to those in the embodiment of FIG3, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] Unlike the optical detection device 34 in the embodiment of Figure 3, the optical detection device 34 in this application embodiment includes a front optical component 341 and a rear optical component 342, wherein:

[0088] The front light assembly 341 includes a light source and a shaping assembly. The light source is used to generate an incident beam, and the shaping assembly is used to shape the incident beam to obtain a parallel beam. When the parallel beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel, the reaction vessel 330 emits a scattered beam and a transmitted beam.

[0089] The rear light assembly 342 includes a beam acquisition and separation assembly 340, a scattered light detector 343, and a transmitted light detector 344. The beam acquisition and separation assembly 340 is disposed in the optical path of the reaction container 330 away from the front light assembly 341 along the propagation direction of the transmitted light beam. It is used to acquire and separate the scattered light beam and the transmitted light beam, and to propagate the separated scattered light beam to the scattered light detector 343 and the separated transmitted light beam to the transmitted light detector 344.

[0090] Specifically, the process of acquiring and separating transmitted light signals and scattered light signals through the beam acquisition and separation component 340 will be described in the following embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] That is, in the sample analyzer of this application embodiment, the front optical component 341 is used to transmit the parallel light beam to the reaction liquid in the reaction container, and after the parallel light beam is transmitted to the reaction liquid in the reaction container, the reaction container 330 emits a scattered light beam and a transmitted light beam, and the rear optical component 342 can simultaneously separate and collect the transmitted light signal and the scattered light signal. Therefore, compared with the sample analyzer that sets separate scattered light collection optical paths and transmitted light collection optical paths, the number of optical components is significantly reduced, and the miniaturization of the optical detection device 34 in the sample analyzer is realized.

[0092] Based on the embodiments shown in Figure 3 or Figure 6, the sample analyzer will now be described in detail:

[0093] As an optional embodiment, to avoid interference from ambient light on the first incident beam and scattered beam, or its influence on the parallel beam, transmitted beam, and scattered beam, when the optical detection device 34 detects the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel, as an optional embodiment, this application embodiment may also provide a light-shielding component in the sample analyzer to block ambient light other than the first incident beam and scattered beam, so as to avoid the influence of ambient light on the first incident beam and scattered beam in this application embodiment, or to block ambient light other than the parallel beam, transmitted beam, and scattered beam, so as to avoid the influence of ambient light on the first incident beam and scattered beam in this application embodiment, or to avoid the influence of ambient light on the parallel beam, transmitted beam, and scattered beam in this application embodiment, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the collected scattered beam, or the collected transmitted beam and scattered beam.

[0094] Specifically, in real-world scenarios, the light-shielding component can be composed of a structure adapted to the shape of the optical detection device 34, and various reflective materials can be added to the light-shielding component to enhance the reflection of ambient light. Here, no specific restrictions are placed on the structure and materials of the light-shielding component.

[0095] As an optional embodiment, when each reaction component of the reaction device 33 is provided with multiple reaction containers 330, multiple driving mechanisms can also be provided for the sample analyzer. Each driving mechanism is used to drive each reaction component to rotate independently, so as to drive the reaction container 330 in the corresponding reaction component placement position to rotate, so that the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 provided on the inner and outer sides of the reaction component cooperate with each other to detect the scattered light beam emitted by the reaction container after the first incident light beam or parallel light beam propagates to the reaction liquid of the reaction container 330 in different placement positions, or the emitted scattered light beam and transmitted light beam.

[0096] Specifically, in real-world scenarios, the drive mechanism can be a hydraulic drive mechanism, a pneumatic drive mechanism, or an electric drive mechanism, etc. There are no specific restrictions on the structural composition and driving method of the drive mechanism.

[0097] Because each reaction component is equipped with a corresponding drive mechanism, each drive mechanism can drive the corresponding reaction component to rotate, thereby further accelerating the efficiency of the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in detecting the reaction liquid in the reaction device 33, and thus further improving the efficiency of detecting a large number of samples.

[0098] Based on the embodiments shown in Figure 3 or Figure 6, the location of the optical detection device 34 in the sample analyzer will be described in detail below:

[0099] As an optional embodiment, the reaction device 33 in this application embodiment includes at least two reaction components, and the number of optical detection devices 34 includes at least two groups. The front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in each group of optical detection devices 34 are disposed in the same radial direction of the reaction device 33, and a reaction component is disposed between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in each group of optical detection devices 34.

[0100] To make it easier to understand, the following example is provided:

[0101] Assuming the reaction device 33 includes two reaction components, namely the first reaction component and the second reaction component from the inside out, and the optical detection device 34 includes two sets, then a reaction component is disposed between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in each set of optical detection devices 34. That is, the first reaction component is disposed between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in the first set of optical detection devices 34, and the second reaction component is disposed between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 in the second set of optical detection devices 34. For ease of understanding, Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement of two sets of optical detection devices 34 in the double-ring reaction assembly.

[0102] It should be noted that in actual scenarios, in order to further improve the detection speed of the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330 of each reaction component, more sets of optical detection devices 34 can be used to simultaneously detect the reaction liquid in any of the two reaction components.

[0103] In this embodiment of the application, a reaction component is provided between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 of each optical detection device 34, so that multiple optical detection devices 34 can simultaneously detect the reaction liquid in multiple reaction components, thereby further improving the detection efficiency for a large number of samples.

[0104] Based on the embodiments shown in Figure 3 or Figure 6, the sample analyzer will now be described in detail:

[0105] As an optional embodiment, the optical detection device 34 in this application includes a front light component 341 and a rear light component 342, and at least two reaction components are disposed between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342, and the reaction containers 330 in the at least two reaction components are offset in the same radial direction.

[0106] To make it easier to understand, the following example is provided:

[0107] Assuming the reaction device 33 includes a double-ring reaction assembly, from the inside out being the first reaction assembly and the second reaction assembly, and the number of optical detection devices 34 is one set, then the optical detection devices 34 are arranged in the double-ring reaction assembly as follows: one of the front light assembly 341 and the rear light assembly 342 of the optical detection device 34 is arranged on the radial inner side of the first reaction assembly, and the other is arranged on the radial outer side of the second reaction assembly, for detecting the scattered light signals of the reaction liquid in the first reaction assembly and the second reaction assembly, respectively. For ease of understanding, Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of another arrangement of the optical detection devices 34 in the double-ring reaction assembly.

[0108] Furthermore, the above example only includes one set of optical detection devices 34. In actual scenarios, multiple sets of optical detection devices 34 can be set up so that multiple sets of second optical detection devices 34 can simultaneously detect the reaction components in at least two reaction components, thereby further improving the detection efficiency of the sample analyzer in detecting a large number of samples.

[0109] In this embodiment of the application, at least two reaction components are provided between the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342, so that the front light component 341 and the rear light component 342 can continuously detect the reaction liquid in the at least two reaction components. This avoids the problem of low detection efficiency caused by repeatedly replacing the reaction liquid in the single-turn reaction component when using a single-turn reaction component, and thus improves the detection efficiency of the sample analyzer for a large number of samples.

[0110] Based on the embodiments shown in Figure 3 or Figure 6, the sample analyzer will now be described in detail:

[0111] As an optional embodiment, the optical detection device 34 in this application embodiment may simultaneously include a first optical detection device 3411 and a second optical detection device 3422. The first optical detection device 3411 includes a first front light component 34111 and a first rear light component 34112, which are disposed in the same radial direction as the reaction device 33. A reaction component is disposed between the first front light component 34111 and the first rear light component 34112 in each group of first optical detection devices 3411. The second optical detection device 3422 includes a second front light component 34221 and a second rear light component 34222, which are disposed in the same radial direction as the reaction device 33. At least two reaction components are disposed between the second front light component 34221 and the second rear light component 34222 in each group of second optical detection devices 3422. The reaction containers 330 in the at least two reaction components are staggered in the same radial direction.

[0112] To make it easier to understand, the following example is provided:

[0113] Assume that the reaction device 33 includes a double-ring reaction assembly, which consists of a first reaction assembly and a second reaction assembly from the inside out. There are two first optical detection devices 3411 and one second optical detection device 3422. In the first group of first optical detection devices 3411, one of the first front light assembly 34111 and the first rear light assembly 34112 is located on the radial inner side of the first reaction assembly, and the other is located in the annular region between the first reaction assembly and the second reaction assembly. In the other group of first optical detection devices 3411, one of the first front light assembly 34111 and the first rear light assembly 34112 is located in the annular region between the first reaction assembly and the second reaction assembly, and the other is located on the radial outer side of the second reaction assembly.

[0114] One of the second front optical component 34221 and the second rear optical component 34222 of the second optical detection device 3422 is disposed radially inside the first reaction component, and the other is disposed radially outside the second reaction component. The reaction containers 330 in the first reaction component and the second reaction component are staggered in the same radial direction. The purpose of this staggered arrangement is to prevent the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330 in the first reaction component from being affected and interfered with by the reaction container 330 in the second reaction component. For ease of understanding, Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement of two sets of first optical detection devices 3411 and one set of second optical detection devices 3422 in the double-ring reaction component.

[0115] In this embodiment of the application, a first optical detection device 3411 and a second optical detection device 3422 are simultaneously provided in the sample analyzer, so that the first optical detection device 3411 and the second optical detection device 3422 can simultaneously detect the reaction liquid in at least two reaction components, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the sample analyzer for a large number of samples.

[0116] Based on the embodiment described in Figure 6, the beam acquisition and separation component 340 will now be described in detail:

[0117] Specifically, the beam acquisition and separation component 340 is used to acquire the transmitted beam deviating from the optical axis at a first angle and the scattered beam deviating from the optical axis at a second angle. The first angle includes ±α, and the second angle includes ±β to ±γ, wherein β > α and γ > β.

[0118] Because when a parallel beam of light irradiates the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330 of the reaction assembly, the transmitted beam and the scattered beam will overlap when passing through the reaction liquid. In order to separate the transmitted beam and the scattered beam, this embodiment of the application collects the transmitted beam within the range of ±α deviating from the optical axis and the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ deviating from the optical axis, and sets β > α. Since the beam within the small range of deviation from the optical axis is mainly a transmitted beam, while the beam within the large angle of deviation from the optical axis is mainly a scattered beam, this embodiment of the application can effectively separate the transmitted beam and the scattered beam by collecting the transmitted beam within the range of ±α deviating from the optical axis and the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ deviating from the optical axis through the beam collection and separation component 340, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the collected transmitted beam and the scattered beam.

[0119] As an optional embodiment, the beam acquisition and separation component 340 in this application includes a first focusing lens component 3401, a second focusing lens component 3402, and a reflector 3403 or a first fiber optic receiver 3404 disposed between the first focusing lens component 3401 and the second focusing lens component 3402. The reflector 3403 includes a first reflector 34031 with a through hole in the center or a second reflector 34032 without a through hole in the center. For ease of understanding, Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path when the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes the first reflector 34031, Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path when the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes the second reflector 34031, and Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path when the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes the first fiber optic receiver 3404.

[0120] In another optional embodiment, the beam acquisition and separation component 340 in this application embodiment includes a third focusing lens component 3405 with a central through hole, and a third reflecting mirror 3406 or a second optical fiber receiver 3407. For ease of understanding, Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path when the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes the third reflecting mirror 3406, and Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path when the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes the second optical fiber receiver 3407.

[0121] In another optional embodiment, the beam separation component 340 in this application embodiment includes a plurality of optical fiber receivers 3408, the optical receiving surfaces of the plurality of optical fiber receivers 3408 overlap at their centers, and the plurality of optical receiving surfaces are axially symmetrically distributed or centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane. For ease of understanding, Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path when the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes a plurality of optical fiber receivers 3408.

[0122] The process of separating the transmitted beam and the scattered beam by the beam acquisition and separation component 340, as well as the detection of the transmitted beam and the scattered beam, for optical path diagrams 10 to 15, will be described in the following embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0123] Because the embodiments of this application can achieve the separation of scattered light and transmitted light simultaneously by using the beam acquisition and separation component 340 integrated in one optical path, compared with the separate scattered light path and the separate transmitted light path in the prior art, the optical path structure is reduced, that is, the space occupied by the scattered light path and the transmitted light path is reduced, and the convenience of integrating the optical detection device 34 in the sample analyzer is improved.

[0124] The embodiments shown in Figures 10 to 15 will be described below:

[0125] As shown in Figure 10, if the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes a first focusing lens component 3401, a second focusing lens component 3402, and a first reflecting mirror 34031 disposed between the first focusing lens component 3401 and the second focusing lens component 3402;

[0126] Specifically, regarding Figure 10:

[0127] When the light source propagates the parallel beam to the reaction vessel 330 through the front light assembly 341, a transmitted beam and a scattered beam are emitted from the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341 along the propagation direction of the parallel beam. The transmitted beam is a portion of the parallel beam that passes through the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330, while the scattered beam is the beam generated by the interaction between the parallel beam and various components of the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330. To collect the transmitted and scattered beams, this embodiment of the application provides a rear light assembly 342 on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341, wherein:

[0128] The rear light assembly 342 includes a beam acquisition and separation assembly 340, a scattered light detector 343, and a transmitted light detector 344. The beam acquisition and separation assembly 340 includes a first focusing lens assembly 3401, a second focusing lens assembly 3402, and a first reflecting mirror 34031 with a through hole in the center disposed between the first focusing lens assembly 3401 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402.

[0129] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is used to simultaneously focus the transmitted and scattered beams of the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330. Because the transmitted and scattered beams of the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330 exhibit a completely divergent tendency, after the first focusing lens assembly 3401 focuses the transmitted and scattered beams, the completely divergent transmitted and scattered beams tend to converge or become parallel. The transmitted and scattered beams, after being focused by the first focusing lens assembly 3401, propagate to the first reflecting mirror 34031. At that time, because the first reflecting mirror 34031 has a through hole in its center, the transmitted light beam after being focused by the first focusing lens assembly 3401 passes through the through hole in the center of the first reflecting mirror 34031 and propagates to the transmission light detector 344 that collects the transmitted light beam. The scattered light beam after being focused by the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is reflected by the non-through hole of the first reflecting mirror 34031 to the second focusing lens assembly 3402, so that the second focusing lens assembly 3402 refocuses the scattered light beam and the refocused scattered light beam propagates to the scattered light detector 343.

[0130] In this embodiment, the first focusing lens assembly 3401 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402 are single convex lenses or combinations of multiple convex lenses that converge the transmitted beam and the scattered beam. The specific configuration of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402 is not specifically limited here.

[0131] The transmitted light detector 344 and the scattered light detector 343 in the embodiments of this application can be photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes or CCDs (charge-coupled devices), etc. There is no specific limitation on the type of transmitted light detector 344 and scattered light detector 343 here.

[0132] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that as much of the transmitted light beam as possible passes through the through-hole centrally located on the first reflecting mirror 32331, the through-hole centrally located on the first reflecting mirror 32331 can be configured as follows:

[0133] Specifically, assuming the diameter of the through hole at the center of the first reflecting mirror 34031 is d, and the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is L1, then the projection d1 of the diameter d of the through hole of the first reflecting mirror along the direction of the transmitted light spot diameter satisfies: 2L1tanα≤d1≤2L1tanβ;

[0134] Because d1≥2L1tanα, it can be ensured that all transmitted beams within ±α of the optical axis pass through the through hole set in the center of the first reflecting mirror 32331. And because d1≤2L1tanβ, it can prevent the collected scattered beams within the range of ±β to ±γ from passing through the through hole of the first reflecting mirror, thereby achieving precise separation of the transmitted beams within ±α of the optical axis from the scattered beams within the range of ±β to ±γ of the optical axis.

[0135] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the transmitted beam within ±α and the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ all pass through the first focusing lens assembly 3401 as much as possible, the aperture of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 can be set as follows:

[0136] Specifically, assuming the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is L1, and the aperture d3 of the first focusing lens assembly satisfies:

[0137] d3≥2L1tanγ;

[0138] Because the embodiment of this application sets d3≥2L1tanγ, the transmitted beam within ±α of the optical axis and the scattered beam within ±β to ±γ of the optical axis can both pass completely through the first focusing lens assembly 3401, thereby achieving effective focusing of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 on the transmitted beam within ±α of the optical axis and the scattered beam within ±β to ±γ of the optical axis.

[0139] Furthermore, as another optional embodiment, in order to achieve neatness and simplicity of the optical path, the first focusing lens assembly 3401, the first reflecting mirror 34031 and the transmission light detector 344 can be coaxially arranged in the first optical path, and the second focusing lens assembly 3402 and the scattering light detector 343 can be coaxially arranged in the second optical path, with the first optical path being perpendicular to the second optical path.

[0140] The first and second optical paths, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other, improve the neatness and simplicity of the optical paths in the optical detection device 34.

[0141] Furthermore, as another optional embodiment, in order to achieve miniaturization of the optical detection device 34, this embodiment further sets the radius of curvature of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 to between 10mm and 30mm, and the radius of curvature of the second focusing lens assembly 3402 to between 10mm and 30mm. When the radius of curvature of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is set to between 10mm and 30mm, and the radius of curvature of the second focusing lens assembly 3402 is set to between 10mm and 30mm, the distance L2 between the reaction vessel 330 and the transmission light detector 344 can be set to between 80mm and 100mm, and the distance L3 between the first reflecting mirror 34031 and the scattering light detector 343 can be set to between 50mm and 80mm, thereby achieving a miniaturized design of the optical detection device 34. This miniaturized design of the optical detection device 34 also improves the convenience of integrating the optical detection device 34 into the sample analyzer.

[0142] II. As shown in Figure 11, if the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes a first focusing lens component 3401, a second focusing lens component 3402, and a second reflecting mirror 34032 disposed between the first focusing lens component 3401 and the second focusing lens component 3402;

[0143] Specifically, regarding Figure 11:

[0144] When the light source propagates the parallel beam to the reaction vessel 330 through the front light assembly 341, a transmitted beam and a scattered beam are generated on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341 along the propagation direction of the parallel beam. The transmitted beam is a portion of the parallel beam that passes through the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330, while the scattered beam is the beam generated by the interaction of the parallel beam with various components of the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330. To collect the transmitted and scattered beams, this embodiment of the application provides a rear light assembly 342 on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341, wherein:

[0145] The rear light assembly 342 includes a beam acquisition and separation assembly 340, a scattered light detector 343, and a transmitted light detector 344. The beam acquisition and separation assembly 340 includes a first focusing lens assembly 3401, a second focusing lens assembly 3402, and a second reflecting mirror 34032 without a central through hole disposed between the first focusing lens assembly 3401 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402.

[0146] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is used to simultaneously focus the transmitted beam and the scattered beam of the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330. Because the transmitted beam and the scattered beam of the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330 exhibit a completely divergent trend, after the first focusing lens assembly 3401 focuses the transmitted beam and the scattered beam, the completely divergent transmitted beam and the scattered beam exhibit a convergence or parallel trend. The second reflecting mirror 34032 is used to reflect the transmitted beam after passing through the first focusing lens assembly 3401 to the transmission light detector 344, while the scattered beam after passing through the first focusing lens assembly 3401 propagates to the second focusing lens assembly 3402, so that the second focusing lens assembly 3402 propagates the scattered beam after secondary convergence to the scattered light detector 343.

[0147] In this embodiment, the first focusing lens assembly 3401 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402 are single convex lenses or combinations of multiple convex lenses that converge the transmitted beam and the scattered beam. The specific configuration of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402 is not specifically limited here.

[0148] The transmitted light detector 344 and the scattered light detector 343 in the embodiments of this application can be photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes or CCDs (charge-coupled devices), etc. There is no specific limitation on the type of transmitted light detector 344 and scattered light detector 343 here.

[0149] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the transmitted light beam converged by the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is reflected as much as possible by the second reflecting mirror 34032 to the transmission photodetector 344, the dimensions of the second reflecting mirror 34032 can be set as follows:

[0150] If the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is L1, and the projection size of the second reflecting mirror 34032 along the diameter direction of the transmitted beam spot is d2, then d2 satisfies: 2L1tanα≤d2≤2L1tanβ;

[0151] Because d2≥2L1tanα, it can be ensured that the transmitted beam within ±α of the optical axis is reflected by the second reflector 34032 to the transmission photodetector 344. And d2≤2L1tanβ, it can also prevent the second reflector 34032 from receiving the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ. This allows the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ to propagate to the second focusing lens assembly 3402 as much as possible, thereby achieving precise separation of the transmitted beam within ±α of the optical axis from the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ.

[0152] Furthermore, as another optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the transmitted beam within ±α and the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ all pass through the first focusing lens assembly 3401 as much as possible, the aperture of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 can be set as follows:

[0153] Specifically, assuming the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is L1, and the aperture d3 of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 satisfies: d3≥2L1tanγ;

[0154] Because this embodiment sets d3≥2L1tanγ, the transmitted beam within ±α of the optical axis and the scattered beam within ±β to ±γ of the optical axis can both pass through the first focusing lens assembly 3401, thereby achieving effective focusing of the transmitted beam within ±α and the scattered beam within ±β to ±γ, which is equivalent to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted beam and the scattered beam collected by the transmitted light detector 344 and the scattered light detector 343.

[0155] Furthermore, as another optional embodiment, the first focusing lens assembly 3401, the second reflecting mirror 34032, the second focusing lens assembly 3402, and the scattered light detector 343 can be coaxially arranged in the third optical path, while the transmitted light detector 344 can be arranged in the fourth optical path, and the third optical path can be arranged perpendicular to the fourth optical path. This perpendicular arrangement of the third and fourth optical paths achieves the neatness and simplicity of the optical path in the optical detection component 32.

[0156] Furthermore, as another optional embodiment, in order to reduce the number of optical components, the second reflecting mirror 34032 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402 can be combined into a cemented lens. When the second focusing lens assembly 3402 is a single lens, the second reflecting mirror 3402 is disposed at the center of the single lens. When the second focusing lens assembly 3402 includes multiple lenses, the second reflecting mirror 34032 is disposed at the center of the target lens closest to the second reflecting mirror 34032. Thus, the second reflecting mirror 34032 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402 are combined into one component, reducing the number of optical components in the rear light assembly 342.

[0157] Furthermore, as another optional embodiment, in order to achieve miniaturization of the optical detection device 34, this embodiment further sets the radius of curvature of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 to between 10mm and 30mm, and the radius of curvature of the second focusing lens assembly 3402 to between 10mm and 30mm. When the radius of curvature of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is set to between 10mm and 30mm, and the radius of curvature of the second focusing lens assembly 3402 is set to between 10mm and 30mm, the distance L2 between the reaction vessel 330 and the transmission light detector 344 can be set to between 80mm and 100mm, and the distance L3 between the second reflecting mirror 34032 and the scattering light detector 343 can be set to between 50mm and 80mm, thereby achieving a miniaturized design of the optical detection device 34. This miniaturized design of the optical detection device 34 also improves the convenience of integrating the optical detection device 34 into the sample analyzer.

[0158] III. As shown in Figure 12, if the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes a first focusing lens component 3401, a second focusing lens component 3402, and a first optical fiber receiver 3404 disposed between the first focusing lens component 3401 and the second focusing lens component 3402.

[0159] Specifically, regarding Figure 12:

[0160] When the light source propagates the parallel beam to the reaction vessel 330 through the front light assembly 341, a transmitted beam and a scattered beam are generated on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341 along the propagation direction of the parallel beam. The transmitted beam is a portion of the parallel beam that passes through the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330, while the scattered beam is the beam generated by the interaction of the parallel beam with various components of the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330. To collect the transmitted and scattered beams, this embodiment of the application provides a rear light assembly 342 on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341, wherein:

[0161] The backlight assembly 342 includes a beam acquisition and separation assembly 340, a scattered light detector 343, and a transmitted light detector 344. The beam acquisition and separation assembly 340 includes a first focusing lens assembly 3401, a second focusing lens assembly 3402, and a first fiber optic receiver 3404 disposed between the first focusing lens assembly 3401 and the second focusing lens assembly 3402.

[0162] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is used to simultaneously focus the transmitted beam and the scattered beam of the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330. Because the transmitted beam and the scattered beam of the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330 exhibit a completely divergent trend, after the first focusing lens assembly 3401 focuses the transmitted beam and the scattered beam, the completely divergent transmitted beam and the scattered beam exhibit a convergence or parallel trend. The transmitted beam focused by the first focusing lens assembly 3401 propagates to the first optical fiber receiver 3404, which receives the converged transmitted beam and propagates it to the transmission light detector 344. The scattered beam focused by the first focusing lens assembly 3401 propagates to the second focusing lens assembly 3402, so that the second focusing lens assembly 3402 propagates the secondary converged scattered beam to the scattered light detector 343.

[0163] As an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the first fiber optic receiver 3404 only receives the transmitted light beam and not the scattered light beam, the numerical aperture of the fiber in the first fiber optic receiver 3404 can be set as follows:

[0164] If the numerical aperture of the optical fiber in the first optical fiber receiver is NA, then set: NA≤sinα;

[0165] Because the numerical aperture of the optical fiber in the first optical fiber receiver 3404 in this embodiment is not greater than sinα, the first optical fiber receiver 3404 in this embodiment can only receive the transmitted beam and cannot receive the scattered beam between ±β and ±γ, thereby achieving precise separation of the transmitted beam within ±α of the optical axis and the scattered beam within ±β to ±γ of the optical axis.

[0166] Because the embodiments of this application receive the transmitted light beam through the first optical fiber receiver 3404, and the first optical fiber receiver 3404 is connected to the transmitted light detector 344 through the optical fiber, and because of the foldability of the optical fiber, the miniaturization of the optical detection device 34 is further realized.

[0167] Furthermore, as another optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the transmitted beam within ±α and the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ both pass through the first focusing lens assembly 3401 as much as possible, the aperture of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 can be set as follows:

[0168] Specifically, assume that the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the first focusing lens assembly 3401 is L1, and the aperture d3 of the first focusing lens assembly satisfies: d3≥2L1tanγ;

[0169] Because this embodiment sets d3≥2L1tanγ, the transmitted beam within ±α of the optical axis and the scattered beam within ±β to ±γ of the optical axis can both pass completely through the first focusing lens assembly 3401, thereby achieving effective focusing of the transmitted beam within ±α and the scattered beam within ±β to ±γ. This is also equivalent to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted beam and the scattered beam collected by the transmitted light detector 344 and the scattered light detector 343.

[0170] Furthermore, to further miniaturize the optical detection device 34, the embodiments of this application can also set the radius of curvature of the first focusing lens assembly 3401 to between 10mm and 30mm, and the radius of curvature of the second focusing lens assembly 3402 to between 10mm and 30mm. This allows the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the scattering light detector 343 to be controlled between 80mm and 100mm, and the distance between the first fiber optic receiver 3404 and the transmission light detector 344 to be set between 50mm and 80mm. This miniaturized optical detection device 34 provides a structural basis for integrating the optical detection device 34 into the reaction device 33, and also improves the convenience of integrating the optical detection device 34 into the reaction device 33.

[0171] IV. As shown in Figure 13, if the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes a third focusing lens component 3405 with a central through hole and a third reflecting mirror 3406;

[0172] Specifically, regarding Figure 13:

[0173] When the light source propagates the parallel beam to the reaction vessel 330 through the front light assembly 341, a transmitted beam and a scattered beam are generated on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341 along the propagation direction of the parallel beam. The transmitted beam is a portion of the parallel beam that passes through the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330, while the scattered beam is the beam generated by the interaction of the parallel beam with various components of the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330. To collect the transmitted and scattered beams, this embodiment of the application provides a rear light assembly 342 on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341, wherein:

[0174] The rear light assembly 342 includes a beam acquisition and separation assembly 340, a scattered light detector 343, and a transmitted light detector 344. The beam acquisition and separation assembly 340 includes a third focusing lens assembly 3405 with a central through hole and a third reflecting mirror 3406.

[0175] Specifically, because the third focusing lens assembly 3405 in this embodiment has a through hole at its center, the transmitted light beam located in the ±α range will pass through the through hole at the center of the third focusing lens assembly 3405 and propagate to the third reflecting mirror 3406, so that the third reflecting mirror 3406 will reflect the transmitted light beam to the transmitted light detector 344, while the scattered light beam located in the ±β to ±γ range will be focused by the third focusing lens assembly 3405 to the scattered light detector 343.

[0176] In this embodiment, the transmitted light detector 344 and the scattered light detector 343 can be photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes, or CCDs (charge-coupled devices), etc. The types of the transmitted light detector 344 and the scattered light detector 343 are not specifically limited here.

[0177] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that as much of the transmitted light beam as possible passes through the through-hole centrally located in the third focusing lens assembly 3405, the through-hole centrally located in the third focusing lens assembly 3405 can be configured as follows:

[0178] If the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the third focusing lens assembly 3405 is L3, then the diameter d4 of the through hole in the third focusing lens assembly 3405 satisfies: 2L3tanα≤d4≤2L3tanβ;

[0179] In order to ensure that the scattered light beams within the range of ±β to ±γ can be converged by the third focusing lens assembly 3405, the aperture of the third focusing lens assembly 3405 can be set as follows in this embodiment:

[0180] If the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the third focusing lens assembly 3405 is L3, and the aperture of the third focusing lens assembly 3405 is D1, then D1 satisfies: D1≥2L3tanγ;

[0181] Because this embodiment sets D1≥2L3tanγ, it can ensure that the scattered beams within the range of ±β to ±γ can be converged by the third focusing lens assembly 3405. By setting 2L3tanα≤d4≤2L3tanβ, it can ensure that the transmitted beams within ±α pass through the through holes in the third focusing lens assembly 3405 and propagate to the third reflecting mirror 3406, while preventing the scattered beams within the range of ±β to ±γ from passing through the through holes in the third focusing lens assembly 3405. This achieves precise separation between the transmitted beams within ±α that deviate from the optical axis and the scattered beams within ±β to ±γ that deviate from the optical axis.

[0182] Furthermore, as another optional embodiment, in order to achieve neatness and simplicity of the optical path, the third focusing lens assembly 3405 and the scattering light detector 343 can be coaxially arranged in the fifth optical path, while the third reflecting mirror 3406 and the transmission light detector 344 can be coaxially arranged in the sixth optical path, and the fifth optical path is perpendicular to the sixth optical path.

[0183] Because the fifth optical path is perpendicular to the sixth optical path in this embodiment, the optical path in the optical detection device 34 is made neat and simple, which also provides a structural basis for integrating the optical detection device 34 into the reaction device 33.

[0184] V. As shown in Figure 14, if the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes a third focusing lens component 3405 with a central through hole and a second fiber optic receiver 3407;

[0185] Specifically, regarding Figure 14:

[0186] When the light source propagates the parallel beam to the reaction vessel 330 through the front light assembly 341, a transmitted beam and a scattered beam are generated on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341 along the propagation direction of the parallel beam. The transmitted beam is a portion of the parallel beam that passes through the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330, while the scattered beam is the beam generated by the interaction of the parallel beam with various components of the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330. To collect the transmitted and scattered beams, this embodiment of the application provides a rear light assembly 342 on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341, wherein:

[0187] The rear light assembly 342 includes a beam acquisition and separation assembly 340, a scattered light detector 343, and a transmitted light detector 344. The beam acquisition and separation assembly 340 includes a third focusing lens assembly 3405 with a central through hole and a second fiber optic receiver 3407.

[0188] Specifically, because the third focusing lens assembly 3405 in this embodiment has a through hole at its center, the transmitted light beam located in the ±α range can pass through the through hole at the center of the third focusing lens assembly 3405 and propagate to the second fiber optic receiver 3407, so that the second fiber optic receiver 3407 will propagate the received transmitted light beam to the transmission photodetector 344, while the scattered light beam located in the ±β to ±γ range will be focused by the third focusing lens assembly 3405 to the scattered light detector 343.

[0189] In this embodiment, the transmitted light detector 344 and the scattered light detector 343 can be photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes, or CCDs (charge-coupled devices), etc. The types of the transmitted light detector 344 and the scattered light detector 343 are not specifically limited here.

[0190] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that as much of the transmitted light beam as possible passes through the through-hole centrally located in the third focusing lens assembly 3405, the through-hole centrally located in the third focusing lens assembly 3405 can be configured as follows:

[0191] If the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the third focusing lens assembly 3405 is L3, then the diameter d4 of the through hole in the third focusing lens assembly 3405 satisfies: 2L3tanα≤d4≤2L3tanβ;

[0192] In order to ensure that the scattered light beams within the range of ±β to ±γ can be converged by the third focusing lens assembly 3405, the aperture of the third focusing lens assembly 3405 can be set as follows in this embodiment:

[0193] If the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the third focusing lens assembly 3405 is L3, and the aperture of the third focusing lens assembly 3405 is D1, then D1 satisfies: D1≥2L3tanγ;

[0194] Because this embodiment sets D1≥2L3tanγ, it can ensure that the scattered beams within the range of ±β to ±γ can be converged by the third focusing lens assembly 3405. By setting 2L3tanα≤d4≤2L3tanβ, it can ensure that the transmitted beams within ±α pass through the through holes in the third focusing lens assembly 3405 and propagate to the second fiber optic receiver 3407, while preventing the scattered beams within the range of ±β to ±γ from passing through the through holes in the third focusing lens assembly 3405. This achieves precise separation between the transmitted beams within ±α that are off the optical axis and the scattered beams within ±β to ±γ that are off the optical axis.

[0195] Because in this embodiment, the transmitted light beam is propagated to the transmission light detector 344 through the second fiber optic receiver 3407, and the second fiber optic receiver 3407 and the transmission light detector 344 are connected by an optical fiber, the foldability of the optical fiber achieves the simplicity of the optical path in the optical detection device 34.

[0196] Furthermore, to ensure that the second fiber optic receiver 3407 only receives the transmitted light beam within ±α and not the scattered light beam within the ±β to ±γ range, the numerical aperture of the fiber in the second fiber optic receiver 3407 can be set as follows:

[0197] Specifically, if the numerical aperture of the optical fiber in the second optical fiber receiver 3407 is NA, then set: NA≤sinα.

[0198] Because the numerical aperture of the optical fiber in the second optical fiber receiver 3407 is not greater than sinα in this embodiment, the second optical fiber receiver 3407 can only receive the transmitted light beam within ±α, and cannot receive the scattered light beam within the range of ±β to ±γ, which is equivalent to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted light beam collected by the transmission photodetector 344.

[0199] VI. As shown in Figure 15, if the beam acquisition and separation component 340 includes multiple fiber optic receivers 3408;

[0200] Specifically, regarding Figure 15:

[0201] When the light source propagates the parallel beam to the reaction vessel 330 through the front light assembly 341, a transmitted beam and a scattered beam are generated on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341 along the propagation direction of the parallel beam. The transmitted beam is a portion of the parallel beam that passes through the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330, while the scattered beam is the beam generated by the interaction of the parallel beam with various components of the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 330. To collect the transmitted and scattered beams, this embodiment of the application provides a rear light assembly 342 on the side of the reaction vessel 330 away from the front light assembly 341, wherein:

[0202] The backlight assembly 342 includes a beam acquisition and separation assembly 340, a scattered light detector 343, and a transmitted light detector 344. The beam acquisition and separation assembly 340 includes a plurality of fiber optic receivers 3408.

[0203] Specifically, the optical receiving surfaces of multiple optical fiber receivers 3408 are composed of arrayed optical fibers, and the centers of the multiple optical receiving surfaces overlap. The multiple optical receiving surfaces are axially symmetrically or centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane, so that the transmitted light beam propagates through the first optical fiber receiver 34081 closest to the center to the corresponding transmitted light detector 343, while the scattered light beam propagates through any optical fiber receiver 34082 other than the first optical fiber receiver 34081 to the corresponding scattered light detector 344. The transmitted light detector 343 is used to detect the transmitted light, while the scattered light detector 344 is used to detect the scattered light.

[0204] Specifically, the multiple optical receiving surfaces of multiple fiber optic receivers can be square, circular, regular polygonal, rectangular, etc., that is, the optical receiving surfaces can be centrally symmetrical or axially symmetrical. There are no specific restrictions on the shape of the optical receiving surface of each fiber optic receiver.

[0205] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of fiber optic receivers for receiving the scattered light beam can be set to 2, 3, or 4 depending on the actual scenario, and the number of scattered light detectors 344 can also be set to 2, 3, or 4, so that different fiber optic receivers can be used to receive scattered light beams at different angles.

[0206] Because this embodiment directly receives the transmitted and scattered light beams passing through the reaction vessel 330 through multiple light-receiving surfaces of multiple fiber optic receivers 3408, compared with the prior art, the lens groups for collecting scattered light beams and the lens groups for collecting transmitted light beams are reduced, simplifying the optical components for detecting scattered and transmitted light. Furthermore, the centers of the multiple light-receiving surfaces in this embodiment overlap, so that the multiple fiber optic receivers 3408 are located in the same coaxial optical path structure. Compared with the prior art, the number of optical paths is reduced, the optical path structure for detecting scattered and transmitted light is simplified, and the miniaturization of the back-optical component 342 is achieved, thereby improving the convenience of integrating the back-optical component 342 into the sample analyzer.

[0207] The shape and size of the multiple optical receiving surfaces of the multiple fiber optic receivers will be described in detail below:

[0208] As an optional embodiment, the multiple optical receiving surfaces of the multiple optical fiber receivers 3408 are arranged in a coaxial circular shape. The optical receiving surface of the first optical fiber receiver 34081 is arranged in a circular shape, while the optical receiving surfaces of the other optical fiber receivers 34082 besides the first optical fiber receiver 34081 are arranged in a ring shape. For ease of understanding, Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the optical receiving surfaces of the coaxial circular optical fiber receivers.

[0209] When multiple light-receiving surfaces are arranged in a circular shape, they match the shape of the light spot, thus avoiding light energy loss caused by light energy at the light-receiving surfaces.

[0210] As another optional embodiment, the multiple optical receiving surfaces of the multiple optical fiber receivers are arranged in a regular polygonal shape. The optical receiving surface of the first optical fiber receiver 34081 is arranged in a regular polygonal shape, while the optical receiving surfaces of the other optical fiber receivers 34082 besides the first optical fiber receiver 34081 are arranged in a regular polygonal ring shape. For ease of understanding, Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of the optical receiving surfaces of the coaxial regular polygonal optical fiber receivers.

[0211] Furthermore, if multiple fiber optic receivers include two fiber optic receivers, the inner fiber optic receiver is the first fiber optic receiver 34081, and the outer fiber optic receiver is the second fiber optic receiver 34082. In order to further reduce the light energy loss of the transmitted beam at the first angle and the scattered beam at the second angle, the light receiving surface size of the first fiber optic receiver 34081 can be set as follows in this embodiment:

[0212] Specifically, assuming the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the multiple fiber optic receivers is L2, and the light-receiving surface of the first fiber optic receiver 34081 is circular with a diameter of D2, then D2 satisfies: 2L2tanα≤D2≤2L2tanβ.

[0213] Specifically, assuming the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the multiple fiber optic receivers is L2, and the light-receiving surface of the first fiber optic receiver 34081 is a regular polygon, where the distance from the center of the regular polygon to its side is D3, then D3 satisfies: 2L2tanα≤D3≤2L2tanβ.

[0214] Where α is the maximum angle by which the transmitted beam deviates from the optical axis, and β is the minimum angle by which the scattered beam deviates from the optical axis;

[0215] Because when D2≥2L1tanα or D3≥2L1tanα of the optical receiving surface of the first optical fiber receiver 34081, it can be ensured that the first optical fiber receiver 34081 can receive the transmitted light beam in the range of ±α. And when D2≤2L1tanβ or D3≤2L1tanβ, it can also prevent the optical receiving surface of the first optical fiber receiver 34081 from receiving the scattered light beam in the range of ±β to ±γ, that is, it avoids the loss of the scattered light beam in the range of ±β to ±γ.

[0216] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the optical fiber in the first optical fiber receiver 34081 receives the transmitted beam as much as possible, and the optical fiber in the second optical fiber receiver 34082 receives the scattered beam as much as possible, the numerical aperture of the optical fiber in the first optical fiber receiver 34081 can be further set to be no greater than sinα, thereby further improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted beam collected by the optical fiber in the first optical fiber receiver 34081. Similarly, setting the numerical aperture of the optical fiber in the second optical fiber receiver 34082 to be no greater than sinγ also further improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the scattered beam collected by the optical fiber in the second optical fiber receiver 34082, where γ is the maximum angle of the scattered beam deviating from the optical axis.

[0217] Based on the embodiment described in Figure 5, the optical detection device 34 in the sample analyzer will now be described in detail:

[0218] As an optional embodiment, the optical detection device 34 in this application includes a front optical component 341 and a rear optical component 342. The rear optical component 342 includes a plurality of photodetectors 3420. The plurality of light receiving surfaces of the plurality of photodetectors 3420 are centrally overlapped and the plurality of light receiving surfaces are axially symmetrically distributed or centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane.

[0219] The plurality of photodetectors 3420 includes a first photodetector 34201 that is closest to the center of the plurality of light receiving surfaces and a plurality of second photodetectors 34202 other than the first photodetector 34201. The first photodetector 34201 is used to detect the transmitted light beam to generate a transmitted light signal, and the plurality of second photodetectors 34202 are respectively used to detect the scattered light beam to generate a scattered light signal.

[0220] Specifically, the multiple light receiving surfaces of the multiple photodetectors 3420 can be square, circular, regular polygonal, or rectangular. That is, the light receiving surfaces can be centrally symmetrical or axially symmetrical. There are no specific restrictions on the shape of the multiple light receiving surfaces.

[0221] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of photodetectors 3420 used to detect the scattered beam can be set to 2, 3 or 4 according to the actual scenario, so as to collect the scattered beam at the corresponding angle. Here, there is no specific limitation on the number of photodetectors 3420 used to detect the scattered beam.

[0222] For ease of understanding, Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path including the front optical component 341 and the rear optical component 342.

[0223] Because this embodiment directly receives the transmitted and scattered light beams passing through the reaction vessel 330 through multiple light-receiving surfaces of multiple photodetectors 3420, compared with the prior art, the lens groups for collecting scattered light beams and the lens groups for collecting transmitted light beams are reduced, simplifying the optical components for detecting scattered and transmitted light. Furthermore, the centers of the multiple light-receiving surfaces in this embodiment overlap, so that multiple photodetectors 3420 are located in the same coaxial optical path structure. Compared with the prior art, the number of optical paths is reduced, further simplifying the optical path structure for detecting scattered and transmitted light, which also realizes the miniaturization of the back-light assembly 342, thereby improving the convenience of integrating the back-light assembly 342 into the sample analyzer.

[0224] Based on the optical path diagram shown in Figure 18, if multiple photodetectors include two photodetectors, then the first photodetector 34201 of the two photodetectors is used to collect the transmitted beam deviating from the optical axis at a first angle, and the second photodetector 34202 is used to collect the scattered beam deviating from the optical axis at a second angle. The first angle includes ±α, and the second angle includes ±β to ±γ, where β>α and γ>β.

[0225] As an optional embodiment, the angle of the transmitted beam in this application embodiment includes 0-5°, and the angle of the scattered beam includes 10-30°.

[0226] Because when a parallel light beam irradiates the reaction liquid in the reaction container 330 of the reaction component, the transmitted beam and the scattered beam will overlap when passing through the reaction liquid. In order to separate the transmitted beam and the scattered beam, this embodiment of the application collects the transmitted beam within the range of ±α deviating from the optical axis and the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ deviating from the optical axis, and sets β > α. Since the beam within the small range of deviation from the optical axis is mainly the transmitted beam, while the beam within the large angle of deviation from the optical axis is mainly the scattered beam, this embodiment of the application uses multiple photodetectors 3420 to collect the transmitted beam within the range of ±α deviating from the optical axis and the scattered beam within the range of ±β to ±γ deviating from the optical axis respectively, which can effectively separate the transmitted beam and the scattered beam, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the collected transmitted beam and the scattered beam.

[0227] The shape and size of the multiple light-receiving surfaces of the multiple photodetectors are described in detail below:

[0228] As an optional embodiment, the multiple light-receiving surfaces of the multiple photodetectors are arranged in a coaxial circular shape. The light-receiving surface of the first photodetector 34201 is arranged in a circular shape, while the light-receiving surface of the second photodetector 34202 other than the first photodetector is arranged in a ring shape. For ease of understanding, Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of the light-receiving surfaces of the coaxial circular photodetectors.

[0229] When multiple light-receiving surfaces are arranged in a circular shape, they match the shape of the light spot, thus avoiding light energy loss caused by light energy at the light-receiving surfaces.

[0230] As another optional embodiment, the multiple light receiving surfaces of the multiple photodetectors are arranged in a regular polygonal shape. The light receiving surface of the first photodetector 34201 is arranged in a regular polygonal shape, while the light receiving surface of the second photodetector 34202 other than the first photodetector 34201 is arranged in a regular polygonal ring shape. For ease of understanding, Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of the light receiving surface of the coaxial regular polygonal photodetector 3420.

[0231] Furthermore, when two photodetectors are included, in order to reduce the light energy loss of the transmitted beam at the first angle and the scattered beam at the second angle, the light receiving surface size of the first photodetector 34201 can be set as follows:

[0232] Specifically, assuming the distance between the reaction vessel 330 and the multiple photodetectors is L4, and the light-receiving surface of the first photodetector 34201 is circular with a diameter of D4, then D4 satisfies: 2L4tanα≤D4≤2L4tanβ.

[0233] If the light-receiving surface of the first photodetector 34201 is a regular polygon, and the distance from the center of the regular polygon to its side is D5, then D5 satisfies: 2L⁴tanα ≤ D5 ≤ 2L⁴tanβ.

[0234] In this embodiment, when the light-receiving surface of the first photodetector 34201 is circular, D4 is set to ≥ 2L4tanα. When the light-receiving surface of the first photodetector 34201 is a regular polygon, D5 is set to ≥ 2L4tanα. Therefore, the first photodetector 34201 can receive the transmitted light beam within the range of ±α. Furthermore, by setting D4 ≤ 2L4tanβ or D5 ≤ 2L4tanβ, the light-receiving surface of the first photodetector 34201 can be prevented from receiving the scattered light beam within the range of ±β to ±γ, thereby avoiding the loss of the scattered light beam within the range of ±β to ±γ.

[0235] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A sample analyzer, characterized in that, include: The sample dispensing device is used to dispense the sample to be tested from the sample tube into the reaction vessel; A reagent dispensing device is used to dispense reaction reagents into the reaction container, wherein the test sample and the reaction reagents in the reaction container are mixed to form a reaction solution; A reaction apparatus comprising at least two reaction components arranged coaxially, each of the reaction components having at least two placement positions for placing the reaction vessel and incubating the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel; At least two sets of optical detection devices, each set of optical detection devices including a front optical component and a rear optical component, the front optical component being used to generate a first incident beam and propagate the first incident beam to the reaction container in the reaction component, after the first incident beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction container, the reaction container emits a scattered beam, the rear optical component being used at least to receive the scattered beam and collect the scattered light signal; A single reaction component is disposed between the front light component and the rear light component in each group of optical detection devices.

2. The sample analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction device includes a first reaction component and a second reaction component radially from the inside to the outside. The optical detection device includes two sets of optical detection devices. In one set of optical detection devices, one of the front light component and the rear light component is disposed radially inside the first reaction component, and the other is disposed in an annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component. In the other set of optical detection devices, one of the front light component and the rear light component is disposed in an annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component, and the other is disposed radially outside the second reaction component.

3. The sample analyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that, In one set of optical detection devices, the rear light assembly is disposed radially inside the first reaction assembly, and the front light assembly is disposed in the annular region between the first reaction assembly and the second reaction assembly. In another set of optical detection devices, the front light assembly is disposed in the annular region between the first reaction assembly and the second reaction assembly, and the rear light assembly is disposed radially outside the second reaction assembly.

4. A sample analyzer, characterized in that, include: The sample dispensing device is used to dispense the sample to be tested from the sample tube into the reaction vessel; A reagent dispensing device is used to dispense reaction reagents into the reaction container, wherein the test sample and the reaction reagents in the reaction container are mixed to form a reaction solution; A reaction apparatus includes at least two reaction components arranged coaxially, each of the reaction components having at least two placement positions for placing the reaction vessel and incubating the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel, the placement positions of the at least two reaction components being staggered in the same radial direction of the reaction apparatus; An optical detection device, comprising a front optical component and a rear optical component, wherein the front optical component is used to generate a first incident beam and propagate the first incident beam to the reaction container in the reaction component; after the first incident beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction container, the reaction container emits a scattered beam; and the rear optical component is used at least to receive the scattered beam and collect the scattered light signal. At least two reaction components are disposed between the front light component and the rear light component in the optical detection device.

5. The sample analyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reaction device includes a first reaction component and a second reaction component in the radial direction from the inside to the outside. The sample analyzer includes two sets of optical detection devices. In each set of optical detection devices, one of the front light component and the rear light component is disposed on the radial inner side of the first reaction component, and the other is disposed on the radial outer side of the second reaction component.

6. The sample analyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The optical detection device includes a first optical detection device and a second optical detection device. The first optical detection device includes a first front light component and a first rear light component, and a single reaction component is disposed between the first front light component and the first rear light component. The second optical detection device includes a second front light component and a second rear light component, and at least two reaction components are disposed between the second front light component and the second rear light component.

7. The sample analyzer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The reaction device includes a first reaction component and a second reaction component radially from the inside to the outside. The optical detection device includes a set of first optical detection devices and a set of second optical detection devices. In the first optical detection device, one of the first front light component and the first rear light component is disposed radially inside the first reaction component, and the other is disposed in the annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component. In the second optical detection device, one of the second front light component and the second rear light component is disposed radially inside the first reaction component, and the other is disposed radially outside the second reaction component; or... In the first optical detection device, one of the first front light component and the first rear light component is disposed in the annular region between the first reaction component and the second reaction component, and the other is disposed on the radial outer side of the second reaction component. In the second optical detection device, one of the second front light component and the second rear light component is disposed on the radial inner side of the first reaction component, and the other is disposed on the radial outer side of the second reaction component.

8. The sample analyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The front light assembly and the rear light assembly in each group of optical detection devices are arranged in the same radial direction as the reaction assembly.

9. The sample analyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The sample analyzer further includes a transmitted light detection device, which comprises a front transmitted light component and a rear transmitted light component, wherein: The transmitted light front light assembly is used to generate a second incident light beam and propagate the second incident light beam to the reaction container in the reaction assembly. After the second incident light beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction container, the reaction container emits the transmitted light beam. The transmitted light back-light component is used to receive the transmitted light beam and collect the transmitted light signal; The optical detection device and the transmitted light detection device are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the reaction device.

10. The sample analyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The front light assembly includes a light source and a shaping assembly, and the rear light assembly includes a beam acquisition and separation assembly, a scattered light detector, and a transmitted light detector. The light source is used to generate the first incident beam; The shaping component is used to shape the first incident beam to obtain a parallel beam. When the parallel beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel, the reaction vessel emits the scattered beam and the transmitted beam. The beam acquisition and separation component is disposed in the optical path of the reaction vessel away from the front light component along the propagation direction of the transmitted beam. It is used to acquire and separate the scattered beam and the transmitted beam, and to propagate the separated scattered beam to the scattered light detector and the separated transmitted beam to the transmitted light detector.

11. The sample analyzer according to claim 10, characterized in that, The beam acquisition and separation component is used to acquire a transmitted beam deviating from the optical axis at a first angle and a scattered beam deviating from the optical axis at a second angle. The first angle includes ±α, and the second angle includes ±β to ±γ, wherein β > α and γ > β.

12. The sample analyzer according to claim 11, characterized in that, The beam acquisition and separation assembly includes a first focusing lens assembly, a second focusing lens assembly, and a reflector or a first fiber optic receiver disposed in the optical path between the first focusing lens assembly and the second focusing lens assembly. The reflector includes a first reflector with a through hole in the center or a second reflector without a through hole in the center.

13. The sample analyzer according to claim 12, characterized in that, The beam acquisition and separation assembly includes a first focusing lens assembly, a second focusing lens assembly, and a first reflecting mirror disposed in the optical path between the first focusing lens assembly and the second focusing lens assembly. The first focusing lens assembly is used to converge the transmitted beam, so that the converged transmitted beam passes through the through hole of the first reflecting mirror and propagates to the transmitted light detector. The first focusing lens assembly is also used to converge the scattered beam and propagate the converged scattered beam to the non-through-hole of the first reflector, so that the converged scattered beam is reflected by the first reflector to the second focusing lens assembly, and the second focusing lens assembly propagates the secondary converged scattered beam to the scattered light detector.

14. The sample analyzer according to claim 12, characterized in that, The beam acquisition and separation assembly includes a first focusing lens assembly, a second focusing lens assembly, and a second reflecting mirror disposed in the optical path between the first focusing lens assembly and the second focusing lens assembly. The first focusing lens assembly is used to converge the scattered beam and propagate the converged scattered beam to the second focusing lens assembly, so that the second focusing lens assembly propagates the secondary converged scattered beam to the scattered light detector. The first focusing lens assembly is also used to converge the transmitted beam and propagate the converged transmitted beam to the second reflector, so that the second reflector reflects the converged transmitted beam to the transmitted light detector.

15. The sample analyzer according to any one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that, The diameter of the through hole of the first reflector is d, and the distance between the reaction container and the first focusing lens assembly is L1. Then, the projection d1 of the through hole diameter d along the direction of the transmitted light spot diameter satisfies: 2L1tanα≤d1≤2L1tanβ; The projection dimension of the second reflecting mirror along the diameter direction of the transmitted beam spot is d2, and d2 satisfies: 2L1tanα≤d2≤2L1tanβ.

16. The sample analyzer according to claim 14, characterized in that, The second reflecting mirror and the second focusing lens assembly are combined to form a cemented lens; If the second focusing lens assembly includes a single lens, then the second reflecting mirror is disposed at the center of the single lens; If the second focusing lens assembly includes multiple lenses, then the second reflecting mirror is positioned at the center of the target lens closest to the second reflecting mirror.

17. The sample analyzer according to claim 12, characterized in that, The beam acquisition and separation assembly includes a first focusing lens assembly, a second focusing lens assembly, and a first optical fiber receiver disposed in the optical path between the first focusing lens assembly and the second focusing lens assembly. The first focusing lens assembly is used to converge the scattered beam and propagate the converged scattered beam to the second focusing lens assembly, so that the second focusing lens assembly propagates the secondary converged scattered beam to the scattered light detector. The first focusing lens assembly is also used to converge the transmitted beam and propagate the converged transmitted beam to the first fiber optic receiver, so that the first fiber optic receiver receives the converged transmitted beam and propagates the converged transmitted beam to the transmission photodetector, wherein the light receiving surface of the first fiber optic receiver is composed of an array of optical fibers.

18. The sample analyzer according to claim 17, characterized in that, The numerical aperture of the first optical fiber receiver is no greater than sinα.

19. The sample analyzer according to claim 12, characterized in that, If the distance between the reaction vessel and the first focusing lens assembly is L1, and the aperture d3 of the first focusing lens assembly satisfies: d3≥2L1tanγ.

20. The sample analyzer according to claim 11, characterized in that, The beam acquisition and separation assembly includes the third focusing lens assembly and the third reflecting mirror; The third focusing lens assembly is used to converge the scattered beam and propagate the converged scattered beam to the scattered light detector. The transmitted light beam propagates to the third reflecting mirror after passing through the through-hole of the third focusing lens assembly, so that the third reflecting mirror reflects the transmitted light beam to the transmission photodetector.

21. The sample analyzer according to claim 11, characterized in that, The beam acquisition and separation assembly includes the third focusing lens assembly and the second fiber optic receiver; The third focusing lens assembly is used to converge the scattered beam and propagate the converged scattered beam to the scattered light detector. The transmitted light beam propagates to the second fiber optic receiver after passing through the through-hole of the third focusing lens assembly, so that the second fiber optic receiver propagates the transmitted light beam to the transmission photodetector.

22. The sample analyzer according to any one of claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The distance between the reaction vessel and the third focusing lens assembly is L3. Then, the diameter d4 of the through hole in the third focusing lens assembly satisfies: 2L3tanα≤d4≤2L3tanβ; The aperture D1 of the third focusing lens assembly satisfies: D1≥2L3tanγ.

23. The sample analyzer according to claim 11, characterized in that, The beam acquisition and separation assembly includes multiple fiber optic receivers, the centers of the multiple light receiving surfaces of the multiple fiber optic receivers overlap, and the multiple light receiving surfaces are axially symmetrically distributed or centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane. The first fiber optic receiver, which is closest to the center of the multiple light receiving surfaces, is used to receive the transmitted beam and propagate the transmitted beam to the transmitted light detector. Any fiber optic receiver other than the first fiber optic receiver is used to receive the scattered beam and propagate the scattered beam to the scattered light detector.

24. The sample analyzer according to claim 23, characterized in that, The multiple optical receiving surfaces of the plurality of optical fiber receivers are arranged in a coaxial circular shape, wherein the optical receiving surface of the first optical fiber receiver is arranged in a circular shape, while the optical receiving surfaces of the other optical fiber receivers besides the first optical fiber receiver are arranged in a ring shape.

25. The sample analyzer according to claim 24, characterized in that, The multiple optical receiving surfaces of the plurality of optical fiber receivers are arranged in a regular polygonal shape, wherein the optical receiving surface of the first optical fiber receiver is arranged in a regular polygonal shape, while the optical receiving surfaces of the other optical fiber receivers besides the first optical fiber receiver are arranged in a regular polygonal ring shape.

26. The sample analyzer according to claim 23, characterized in that, The multiple optical receiving surfaces of the plurality of optical fiber receivers are arranged in a coaxial circular shape, and the distance between the reaction vessel and the plurality of optical fiber receivers is L2. Then, the diameter D2 of the optical receiving surface of the first optical fiber receiver satisfies: 2L2tanα≤D2≤2L2tanβ, and the numerical aperture of the first optical fiber receiver fiber is not greater than sinα, and the numerical aperture of the second optical fiber receiver fiber that is farthest from the center of the multiple optical receiving surfaces is not greater than sinγ. The optical receiving surfaces of the plurality of optical fiber receivers are arranged in a regular polygonal shape, and the distance D3 from the center of the optical receiving surface of the first optical fiber receiver to the side of the regular polygon satisfies: L2tanα≤D3≤L2tanβ, and the numerical aperture of the first optical fiber receiver fiber is not greater than sinα; the numerical aperture of the second optical fiber receiver fiber that is farthest from the center of the multiple optical receiving surfaces is not greater than sinγ. α is the maximum angle at which the transmitted beam deviates from the optical axis, β is the minimum angle at which the scattered beam deviates from the optical axis, and γ is the maximum angle at which the scattered beam deviates from the optical axis.

27. The sample analyzer according to any one of claims 1-26, characterized in that, The front light assembly includes a light source and a shaping assembly, and the rear light assembly includes multiple photodetectors. The multiple light receiving surfaces of the multiple photodetectors are centrally overlapped, and the multiple light receiving surfaces are axially symmetrically distributed or centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane. The light source is used to generate the first incident beam; The shaping component is used to shape the first incident beam to obtain a parallel beam. When the parallel beam propagates to the reaction liquid in the reaction vessel, it generates the scattered beam and the transmitted beam. The plurality of photodetectors are respectively used to detect the scattered beam and the transmitted beam, and generate the scattered light signal and the transmitted light signal.

28. The sample analyzer according to claim 27, characterized in that, The light-receiving surfaces of the plurality of photodetectors are arranged in a coaxial circular shape. The light-receiving surface of the first photodetector, which is closest to the center of the plurality of light-receiving surfaces, is arranged in a circular shape, while the light-receiving surfaces of the other photodetectors besides the first photodetector are arranged in a ring shape.

29. The sample analyzer according to claim 27, characterized in that, The light-receiving surfaces of the plurality of photodetectors are arranged in a centrally overlapping regular polygonal shape. The light-receiving surface of the first photodetector, which is closest to the center of the plurality of light-receiving surfaces, is arranged in a regular polygonal shape, while the light-receiving surfaces of the other photodetectors besides the first photodetector are arranged in a regular polygonal ring shape.

30. The sample analyzer according to claim 27, characterized in that, If the light-receiving surfaces of the plurality of photodetectors are arranged in a coaxial circular shape, and the distance between the reaction vessel and the plurality of photodetectors is L4, then the diameter D4 of the light-receiving surface of the first photodetector closest to the center of the plurality of light-receiving surfaces satisfies: 2L4tanα≤D4≤2L4tanβ. If the light-receiving surfaces of the plurality of photodetectors are arranged in a regular polygonal shape, then the distance D5 from the center of the light-receiving surface of the first photodetector closest to the center of the plurality of light-receiving surfaces to the side of the regular polygon satisfies: L4tanα≤D5≤L4tanβ, where α is the maximum angle by which the transmitted beam deviates from the optical axis, and β is the minimum angle by which the scattered beam deviates from the optical axis.

31. The sample analyzer according to any one of claims 1-30, characterized in that, The sample analyzer also includes a drive mechanism, which drives each reaction component to rotate independently and rotates the reaction container in the placement position of the reaction component, so that the front light component and the rear light component arranged on the radial inner and outer sides of the reaction component cooperate with each other to detect the scattered light beam emitted by the reaction container in different placement positions.

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