Panoramic perception method and system for insulation state of high-voltage device in substation

Abstract

A panoramic perception method and system for an insulation state of a high-voltage device in a substation. The method comprises: acquiring first monitoring data and first test data of a target substation device (S101); performing deterioration analysis on the first monitoring data and the first test data on the basis of a preset deterioration analysis strategy to obtain a first deterioration amount and a second deterioration amount (S102); determining the confidence level of a first state level of the target substation device on the basis of the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount (S103); and performing state perception on the basis of a confidence level determination result (S104). By implementing the method, the insulation state of a substation device can be monitored in real time, and potential faults and risks can be found in a timely manner, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power grid operation, reducing the frequency and cost of manual inspection, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing.

Description

A panoramic perception method and system for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of green and intelligent electrical equipment technology, and in particular to a panoramic perception method and system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations. Background Technology

[0002] In today's world, a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is advancing profoundly, with green, low-carbon, digital, and sustainable development becoming the themes of our time. Given the different stages of economic development and resource endowments of various countries, coordinating a secure and stable energy supply with a green and low-carbon transformation is both a common goal and a challenge. The digital grid, a new type of integrated social public infrastructure built with next-generation digital technologies, will, on the basis of improving the safety, reliability, greenness, and efficiency of the power system, lead to the reshaping of power companies' production, management, and operation methods, promote the integration of the energy industry value chain, support the formation of an energy ecosystem, and serve the secure and stable energy supply and the green and low-carbon transformation.

[0003] The digital power grid technology system mainly consists of physical systems, information systems, and business systems. Substations are a crucial component of the physical systems within this system, responsible for voltage and current transformation, receiving electrical energy, and distributing it. Transformers, high-voltage switches, surge arresters, and other high-voltage equipment within substations are fundamental units of the power system, essential for ensuring its safe, reliable, green, and efficient operation. Insulation degradation in high-voltage equipment often has a development phase, with gradual deterioration signs in electrical and oil / gas characteristics. Achieving panoramic perception of the insulation status of high-voltage equipment allows for monitoring the numerical evolution trends of electrical and oil / gas degradation characteristics, providing early warnings of latent faults, and predicting remaining lifespan. Previous methods primarily relied on single-sensor approaches to assess electrical equipment insulation status, which suffers from limitations such as localization, bias, and lag in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for scientific research and application of multi-sensor monitoring and testing data fusion technology with multi-parameter parameters of substation equipment to achieve panoramic perception of insulation status. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a panoramic perception method and system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations, which can solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a panoramic perception method for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations, comprising:

[0009] Acquire the first monitoring data and first test data of the target substation equipment;

[0010] According to the preset degradation analysis strategy, the first monitoring data and the first test data are subjected to degradation analysis to obtain the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount;

[0011] The confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment is determined based on the first and second degradation amounts.

[0012] State perception is performed based on the confidence level judgment result.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the panoramic perception method for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations according to the present invention, the step of performing degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and the first test data according to a preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain a first degradation amount and a second degradation amount includes:

[0014] The preset degradation analysis strategy includes a first degradation analysis strategy and a second degradation analysis strategy;

[0015] The first monitoring data is used to obtain the first degradation amount through a first degradation analysis strategy;

[0016] The first experimental data is used to obtain the second degradation amount through the second degradation analysis strategy.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the panoramic perception method for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations according to the present invention, the step of judging the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount includes:

[0018] Set the first warning threshold and the first attention threshold;

[0019] The target substation equipment status score is calculated based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount, combined with the first warning threshold and the first attention threshold.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the panoramic perception method for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations according to the present invention, the step of judging the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount further includes:

[0021] Based on the status score of the target substation equipment and in conjunction with the preset status level classification standard, the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is determined.

[0022] The preset state level classification standard includes several scoring intervals, and each scoring interval corresponds to a unique state level.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the panoramic perception method for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations according to the present invention, the step of judging the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount further includes:

[0024] The first monitoring data and the first test data corresponding to the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount are subjected to a first preprocessing, and the first preprocessing result is recorded as the second monitoring data and the second test data;

[0025] Set a first smoothness threshold, and solve for the first cross-correlation coefficient of the second monitoring data and the second experimental data that satisfy the first smoothness threshold.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the panoramic perception method for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations according to the present invention, the step of judging the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount further includes:

[0027] If the first cross-correlation coefficient meets the preset first cross-correlation coefficient threshold, then the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment meets the requirements, and the state level corresponding to the state score of the target substation equipment is reliable.

[0028] Otherwise, the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is unreliable.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the panoramic perception method for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations according to the present invention, the step of perception based on confidence level judgment results includes:

[0030] If the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is reliable, then an alarm notification for that status level is sent to the equipment operation and maintenance department according to the status level.

[0031] If the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is unreliable, the first monitoring data and the first test data of the target substation equipment shall be obtained again.

[0032] Secondly, the present invention provides a panoramic sensing system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations, comprising:

[0033] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the first monitoring data and the first test data of the target substation equipment;

[0034] The degradation analysis module is used to perform degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and the first test data according to a preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain a first degradation amount and a second degradation amount.

[0035] The judgment module is used to judge the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount;

[0036] The perception module is used to perform state perception based on the confidence level judgment result.

[0037] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0038] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described above.

[0039] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention proposes a panoramic perception method and system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations. It acquires first monitoring data and first test data of the target substation equipment; performs degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and first test data according to a preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain a first degradation amount and a second degradation amount; judges the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount; and performs state perception based on the confidence level judgment result. By implementing this application, the insulation status of substation equipment can be monitored in real time, and potential faults and risks can be detected in a timely manner, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power grid operation. This application, through comprehensive analysis of monitoring data and test data, can more accurately assess the health status of equipment, providing a scientific basis for equipment maintenance and replacement. Using the panoramic perception method of this application can reduce the frequency and cost of manual inspections, while improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing. This application can also support the intelligent management of substations, optimizing operation and maintenance strategies and extending equipment lifespan through a data-driven decision-making process. The system design of this application is flexible and easy to integrate into existing substation monitoring systems, possessing good compatibility and scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0041] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a panoramic perception method and system for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 is a detailed flowchart of a panoramic perception method and system for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 is a neural network structure diagram of a panoramic perception method and system for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 is a system topology diagram of a panoramic perception method and system for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 shows the first partial discharge pattern of a gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliance according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a panoramic perception method and system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations.

[0046] Figure 6 shows a partial discharge map of the second particulate matter in a gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a panoramic perception method and system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations.

[0047] Figure 7 is an internal structure diagram of a computer device for a panoramic perception method and system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Referring to Figures 1-7, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a panoramic perception method and system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations, including:

[0051] Existing technologies have several problems, such as incomplete insulation condition monitoring, low data processing efficiency, and inability to detect potential faults in a timely manner.

[0052] This application provides a method that can effectively solve the problems mentioned above. The following will describe in detail how to realize the panoramic perception method for insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations with multiple embodiments.

[0053] Figure 1 shows a flowchart of a panoramic perception method and system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations, including:

[0054] S101, acquire the first monitoring data and the first test data of the target substation equipment;

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the first monitoring data of the target substation equipment can be collected by sensors, and the types of the first monitoring data can be several of the monitoring data of high voltage equipment current, voltage, temperature and humidity, partial discharge, and gas.

[0056] In one optional embodiment, the high-voltage device current can be acquired using a sensor based on the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) magnetic sensing principle; the high-voltage device voltage can be acquired using a sensor based on the vibration capacitance sensing principle of a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS); the high-voltage device temperature can be acquired using a sensor based on the surface acoustic wave (SAW) surface temperature sensing principle; the high-voltage device humidity can be acquired using a sensor based on the inductor-capacitor (LC) internal humidity passive wireless sensing principle; and the high-voltage device partial discharge can be acquired using a sensor based on the partial discharge passive wireless sensing principle of multi-level electromagnetic energy coupling.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, all monitoring data of high voltage equipment current, voltage, temperature and humidity, partial discharge, and gas are selected as the first monitoring data;

[0058] In an optional embodiment, the first test data can be the ledger information and historical test data of high-voltage equipment in the substation in the power grid management platform (asset domain) of the power grid enterprise. The historical test data includes partial discharge during operation of gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances, SF6 gas pressure, SF6 gas humidity, leakage current of grounding cable, leakage current of surge arrester, line voltage, and body temperature and partial discharge during operation of oil-immersed power transformers.

[0059] It should be noted that obtaining the first monitoring and first test data of the target substation equipment enables comprehensive coverage of the equipment's insulation status, ensuring the real-time nature and accuracy of the data. Through comprehensive analysis of this monitoring and test data, a more accurate assessment of the equipment's health status can be made, thus providing a scientific basis for equipment maintenance and replacement.

[0060] S102, perform degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and the first test data according to the preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount;

[0061] In this embodiment of the application, degradation analysis is performed on the first monitoring data and the first test data according to a preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount, including:

[0062] The preset degradation analysis strategy includes a first degradation analysis strategy and a second degradation analysis strategy;

[0063] The first monitoring data is used to obtain the first degradation amount through the first degradation analysis strategy;

[0064] The first experimental data was used to obtain the second degradation amount through the second degradation analysis strategy.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, both the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount include positive degradation and negative degradation. Positive degradation refers to an increase in the first monitoring data and the first test data, which characterizes the degradation of the insulation condition of the high-voltage equipment, such as SF6 gas humidity. Negative degradation refers to a decrease in the first monitoring data and the first test data, which characterizes the degradation of the insulation condition of the high-voltage equipment, such as SF6 gas pressure.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the preset degradation analysis strategy can be implemented by constructing an insulation state analysis neural network suitable for analyzing gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances and oil-immersed power transformers. The positive and negative degradation state quantities of insulation state perception data (monitoring data and test data) are analyzed by threshold analysis, and finally the first degradation quantity and the second degradation quantity are obtained.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the preset degradation analysis strategy can also construct a machine learning-based predictive model that can predict the future insulation state trend of high-voltage equipment based on historical and real-time monitoring data. In this way, potential risks can be identified in advance, allowing for preventative measures to avoid sudden failures.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the preset degradation analysis strategy can also construct a deep learning-based predictive model. This model can learn the changing patterns of insulation status in high-voltage equipment by analyzing a large amount of historical and real-time monitoring data. Utilizing the nonlinear mapping capabilities of the deep learning model, future trends in insulation status can be predicted more accurately, thus providing strong support for substation operation and maintenance decisions. Furthermore, the deep learning model can continuously improve the accuracy and reliability of its predictions through self-learning and optimization.

[0069] In this embodiment of the application, a neural network for analyzing the insulation status of gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances and oil-immersed power transformers is selected and constructed as shown in Figure 3. The positive and negative degradation status quantities of insulation status sensing data (monitoring data and test data) are analyzed by threshold analysis, and finally the first degradation quantity and the second degradation quantity are obtained.

[0070] It should be noted that performing degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and the first test data according to the preset degradation analysis strategy, and obtaining the first degradation quantity and the second degradation quantity, can more accurately identify and quantify the degree of insulation condition deterioration. This provides a scientific basis for the following steps, ensuring the stable operation and safe maintenance of substation equipment.

[0071] S103, Determine the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount;

[0072] In this embodiment of the application, determining the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount includes:

[0073] Set the first warning threshold and the first attention threshold;

[0074] The target substation equipment status score is calculated based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount, combined with the first warning threshold and the first attention threshold.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, the first warning threshold and the first attention threshold can be designed according to actual needs and are not limited here;

[0076] In an optional embodiment, regardless of the specific values ​​set for the first warning threshold and the first attention threshold, the specific degree of degradation needs to be determined based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount, and the corresponding target substation equipment status score is obtained based on the specific degree of degradation.

[0077] In this embodiment of the application, the determination of the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount further includes:

[0078] Based on the equipment status score of the target substation and in conjunction with the preset status level classification standard, the status level corresponding to the equipment status score of the target substation is determined.

[0079] The preset status level classification standard includes several scoring intervals, and each scoring interval corresponds to a unique status level.

[0080] In one optional embodiment, there can be many preset status level classification standards, but most of them divide the level into several scoring intervals, and each scoring interval corresponds to a unique status level. Relevant technical personnel can set specific status levels according to actual needs, such as normal status, attention status, abnormal status, severe status, fault status, etc. Each status corresponds to a certain score value or scoring interval, generally using a percentage system, but a ten-point system or a one-point system (i.e., normalization processing) can also be used; no restriction is placed here.

[0081] In this embodiment, a percentage system is used, and four states are distinguished: normal state, warning state, abnormal state, and severe state. The equipment insulation state level classification is designed as shown in Table 1:

[0082] Table 1: Classification of Equipment Insulation Status Levels

[0083]

[0084] In this embodiment of the application, the attention value is set to x. zThe warning value is x j The three most recent state perception data (first monitoring data, first experimental data) are x, x1, and x2, respectively, where x is the latest input state perception data, x1 is the state perception data t1 years ago (relative to x), and x2 is the state perception data t2 years ago (relative to x), and t2>t1;

[0085] If the state variable has a first warning threshold set, then x'=x j ;

[0086] If a first attention threshold is set for the state variable, then x' = 1.3x z (Positive degradation) or x'=x z / 1.3 (negative degradation);

[0087] In this embodiment of the application, the analysis formula for the first monitoring data is as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Where G refers to the equipment status score, G i This refers to the i-th device status score, x f This is the average value of the state quantity monitored on the same device;

[0090] In this embodiment of the application, the formula for analyzing the experimental data is shown below;

[0091] First experimental data positive degradation analysis formula:

[0092]

[0093] Formula for negative degradation analysis of first test data:

[0094]

[0095] Wherein, G refers to the equipment insulation condition score, G i This refers to the i-th equipment insulation status score.

[0096] In this embodiment of the application, the determination of the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount further includes:

[0097] The first monitoring data and the first test data corresponding to the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount are subjected to a first preprocessing, and the first preprocessing result is recorded as the second monitoring data and the second test data;

[0098] Set a first smoothness threshold, and solve for the first cross-correlation coefficient of the second monitoring data and the second experimental data that satisfy the first smoothness threshold.

[0099] In an optional embodiment, the first preprocessing may include denoising the raw monitoring data to eliminate potential random noise interference; applying data smoothing techniques, such as moving averages or exponential smoothing, to reduce data volatility; normalizing the data to ensure that data of different magnitudes are analyzed on the same scale; employing filtering algorithms, such as Kalman filtering, to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data; interpolating the data to fill in data gaps caused by equipment failures or communication interruptions; performing feature extraction on the data to identify the most valuable features for insulation condition analysis; utilizing statistical methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA), to reduce data dimensionality while retaining key information; and performing time series analysis on the data to identify and predict trends in insulation condition over time.

[0100] In this embodiment of the application, the first preprocessing only considers the most basic noise reduction process;

[0101] In this embodiment of the application, in order to quantitatively compare the state perception results of the first monitoring data and the first test data with the confidence level of the insulation state level, a smoothness coefficient r and a cross-correlation coefficient R for the two types of state perception data are introduced. The smoothness coefficient r and the cross-correlation coefficient R are shown in the following formulas:

[0102]

[0103] Where f(i) represents the original sequence of monitoring data and experimental data, This represents the reconstructed sequence after data denoising, where N is the time series length of the monitoring and experimental data. The smaller the smoothness coefficient, the better the effect of extracting effective information from the original sequence.

[0104]

[0105] Where, x i y i Cov(x) represents the time series of monitoring data and experimental data before and after denoising, respectively. i y i (x) is a time series i y i covariance; σ x σ y They are x i y i Standard deviation;

[0106] In this embodiment of the application, the determination of the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount further includes:

[0107] If the first cross-correlation coefficient meets the preset first cross-correlation coefficient threshold, then the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment meets the requirements, and the state level corresponding to the state score of the target substation equipment is reliable.

[0108] Otherwise, the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is unreliable.

[0109] In the embodiments of this application, when the cross-correlation coefficient R is greater than 0.9 (the first cross-correlation coefficient threshold), it indicates that the analysis results of the insulation status level of the high-voltage equipment are reliable.

[0110] It should be noted that judging the confidence level of the first condition level of the target substation equipment based on the first and second degradation quantities has the advantage of providing a more accurate and reliable equipment condition assessment. By comparing the smoothness coefficients and cross-correlation coefficients of monitoring and experimental data, noise and unrelated changes in the data can be effectively identified, thereby improving the accuracy of the condition assessment. Furthermore, by setting a reasonable cross-correlation coefficient threshold, it can be ensured that the condition level assessment is only considered reliable when there is a sufficiently strong correlation between the data. This helps avoid misjudgments caused by data fluctuations or random factors, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of high-voltage equipment in the substation. In practical applications, this method can assist maintenance personnel in promptly identifying potential insulation problems in equipment, taking preventative measures, reducing power outages, and improving the stability and power supply quality of the power system.

[0111] S104, perform state perception based on the confidence level judgment result.

[0112] In this embodiment of the application, state perception based on the confidence level judgment result includes:

[0113] If the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is reliable, then an alarm notification for that status level will be sent to the equipment operation and maintenance department according to the status level.

[0114] If the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is unreliable, the first monitoring data and the first test data of the target substation equipment should be obtained again.

[0115] In an optional embodiment, alarm notifications for different status levels can include different color codes and priority markers to enable maintenance personnel to quickly identify the current status of the equipment. For example, green indicates normal equipment operation, yellow indicates potential risks requiring attention, and red indicates a serious problem requiring immediate action. Furthermore, alarm notifications can detail the nature of the problem, possible causes, and recommended handling measures, helping maintenance personnel to diagnose and repair faults more effectively. In this way, the status awareness system not only provides real-time equipment status information but also assists maintenance personnel in making more scientific and rational decisions, thereby improving the overall operational efficiency and safety of the substation.

[0116] In an optional embodiment, the method can be further detailed as shown in the flowchart in Figure 2. Input monitoring data for current, voltage, temperature, humidity, partial discharge, and gas: 201: Collect and input various monitoring data during the operation of the high-voltage equipment, including information on current, voltage, temperature, humidity, partial discharge, and gas. Analyze the positive and negative polarity degradation of the high-voltage equipment using the monitoring data: 202: Analyze and determine the degree of positive and negative polarity degradation of the high-voltage equipment based on the collected monitoring data. Input the ledger information and test data of the high-voltage equipment: 203: Input the basic information and historical test data of the high-voltage equipment. Analyze the positive and negative polarity degradation of the high-voltage equipment using the test data: 204: Further analyze the degree of positive and negative polarity degradation of the high-voltage equipment using historical test data. Calculate the initial value of the insulation status level of the high-voltage equipment: 205: Calculate the initial value of the current insulation status level of the high-voltage equipment based on the above analysis results. Plot the time series of the high-voltage equipment monitoring data and test data: 206: Plot the monitoring data and test data into charts or curves in chronological order. 207. Verify the reliability of the insulation status analysis results for high-voltage equipment: Verify the insulation status obtained above to ensure its reliability. 208. Issue early warning notices for equipment in serious, abnormal, or noteworthy insulation conditions: If serious, abnormal, or noteworthy insulation conditions are found, issue early warning notices promptly.

[0117] In summary, this invention proposes a panoramic perception method for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations. The method acquires first monitoring data and first test data of the target substation equipment; performs degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and first test data according to a preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain a first degradation quantity and a second degradation quantity; determines the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first degradation quantity and the second degradation quantity; and performs state perception based on the confidence level judgment result. By implementing this application, the insulation status of substation equipment can be monitored in real time, and potential faults and risks can be detected in a timely manner, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power grid operation. This application, through comprehensive analysis of monitoring data and test data, can more accurately assess the health status of equipment, providing a scientific basis for equipment maintenance and replacement. Using the panoramic perception method of this application can reduce the frequency and cost of manual inspections, while improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing. This application can also support intelligent management of substations, optimizing operation and maintenance strategies and extending equipment lifespan through a data-driven decision-making process. The system design of this application is flexible and easy to integrate into existing substation monitoring systems, possessing good compatibility and scalability.

[0118] This embodiment also provides a panoramic perception system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations, including:

[0119] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the first monitoring data and the first test data of the target substation equipment;

[0120] The degradation analysis module is used to perform degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and the first test data according to the preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount.

[0121] The judgment module is used to judge the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount;

[0122] The perception module is used to perform state perception based on the confidence level judgment result.

[0123] The above-mentioned unit modules can be embedded in the processor of the computer device in hardware form or independent of it, or they can be stored in the memory of the computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of the above modules.

[0124] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which can be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram is shown in Figure 7. The computer device includes a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input device connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals. Wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a panoramic perception method for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0125] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the following steps:

[0126] Acquire the first monitoring data and first test data of the target substation equipment;

[0127] According to the preset degradation analysis strategy, the first monitoring data and the first test data are analyzed for degradation to obtain the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount;

[0128] The confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment is determined based on the first and second degradation levels.

[0129] State perception is performed based on the confidence level judgment result.

[0130] Example 2

[0131] According to another aspect of the present invention, a monitoring system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations is also provided. This system carries the method and system for analyzing the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations. It constructs a monitoring system capable of monitoring current I, voltage U, partial discharge PD, temperature T, humidity %RH, and gas SF6 insulation status data for gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear and oil-immersed power transformers in 110 kV to 500 kV substations. It also monitors partial discharge, SF6 gas pressure, SF6 gas humidity, grounding cable leakage current, surge arrester leakage current, and line voltage of gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear, as well as the body temperature and partial discharge insulation status test data of oil-immersed power transformers during operation. The software quality of the panoramic perception system for insulation status of high-voltage equipment complies with the requirements of GB / T 16260.1 "Software Engineering Product Quality Part 1: Quality Model", GB / T 16260.2 "Software Engineering Product Quality Part 2: Internal Quality", GB / T 16260.3 "Software Engineering Product Quality Part 3: External Quality", and GB / T 16260.4 "Software Engineering Product Quality Part 4: Measurement of Usage Quality". The panoramic perception system for insulation status of high-voltage equipment includes a physical layer, a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a logic layer, and a presentation layer.

[0132] As an optional embodiment, the physical layer refers to the high-voltage equipment in the substation whose insulation status is being sensed, including gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear and oil-immersed power transformers. The normal and special operating conditions of oil-immersed power transformers should comply with the provisions of GB 1094.1 "Power Transformers Part 1: General Rules". Their operating voltage should generally not exceed 105% of the operating tap voltage and should not exceed the system's highest operating voltage. When the transformer has serious defects (such as abnormal cooling system, severe oil leakage, localized overheating, abnormal dissolved gas analysis results in the oil, etc.) or weak insulation, it should not be operated beyond the rated current. When technicians at the substation maintenance center discover abnormal phenomena in the operation of an oil-immersed power transformer, they should report to their superiors, make records, and try to eliminate the problem as soon as possible. When a fault occurs that endangers the safety of the transformer, and the relevant protection devices of the transformer fail to operate, the technicians at the maintenance center should immediately shut down the transformer. The environmental conditions for the use of gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear should be selected according to the normal and special operating conditions specified in GB / T 11022 "Industrial Sulfur Hexafluoride", specifying whether it is installed indoors or outdoors, or in high-altitude or cold regions. Testing of gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear includes live-line testing, routine testing, diagnostic testing, and pre / post-disassembly / maintenance testing. Routine testing involves inspecting the equipment according to standards within a specified period to provide a basis for equipment condition evaluation. Online monitoring is used to monitor the trend of defect changes or locate the starting point of defects after discovering potential hazards. UHF partial discharge detection is suitable for non-metallic long-insulated insulators; insulators with metallic shielding can be tested using the casting opening. SF6 gas humidity detection can be performed by sampling from a density monitor; purity testing requires the purity of the gas in the circuit breaker's arc chamber to be no less than 97%.

[0133] As an optional embodiment, the sensing layer is used to collect monitoring data from high-voltage equipment in substations, including current, voltage, temperature, humidity, and partial discharge sensors; it employs a magnetic sensing principle sensor based on tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) to collect current state sensing signals; a vibration capacitance sensing principle sensor based on micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) to collect voltage state sensing signals; a surface temperature sensing principle sensor based on surface acoustic waves (SAW) to collect temperature state sensing signals; an internal humidity passive wireless sensing principle sensor based on inductor-capacitor (LC) to collect humidity state sensing signals; and a partial discharge passive wireless sensing principle sensor based on multi-level electromagnetic energy coupling to collect partial discharge state sensing signals.

[0134] As an optional implementation, the transport layer is used to provide data support services, including collecting insulation status monitoring data such as current, voltage, temperature, humidity, partial discharge, and gas from different sensors, and collecting ledger information and test data of high-voltage equipment in substations from the power grid management platform. The substation area network for collecting insulation status monitoring data by the transport layer should preferably adopt one of the following redundancy networking methods: a dual-star network or a ring network. The monitoring data area network should use IPv4 addresses, and the IP address settings within the network should meet the requirements of uniqueness, manageability, continuity, and scalability. The two planes of the internal dispatch data network should use independent IP address segments, where plane A should use the 10.0.0.0 / 8 segment of private addresses, and plane B should use the 20.0.0.0 / 8 segment of addresses. The transmission of monitoring data within the station should prioritize point-to-point communication and comply with the sampling value transmission requirements of DL / T 860.91 "Substation Communication Networks and Systems Part 9-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) - Sampling Values ​​via One-Way Multi-Point-to-Point Serial Communication Links". After accumulating practical experience, the sampling value transmission requirements of DL / T 860.92 "Substation Communication Networks and Systems Part 9-2: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) - Sampling Values ​​via ISO-IEC 8802-3 GB / T 15629.3" may be adopted. The horizontal network for collecting insulation status test data at the transmission layer should employ a Quality of Service (QoS) mechanism based on the DiffServ service model to address network latency and congestion. QoS measures such as port rate limiting, traffic shaping, and queue scheduling should be used to ensure network availability according to service requirements. When WAN links are congested, priority bandwidth should be guaranteed for services with high real-time requirements, using Differentiated Services Code Points (DSCP) and EXP data fields to identify service priorities. The monitoring data station domain network consists of serial ports + Modbus, RS485 + MODBUS-RTU, and Ethernet.

[0135] As an optional implementation, the logic layer performs data processing, including assessing the positive and negative degradation of the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations and analyzing the confidence level of the insulation status level. A neural network for analyzing the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations is deployed in the logic layer, as shown in Figure 3. This neural network comprehensively analyzes monitoring data and experimental data to confirm the degradation status level of oil-immersed power transformers and gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear. Time series of monitoring and experimental data are established. By solving for the smoothness coefficient r and cross-correlation coefficient R of the two types of status perception data, the status perception results are quantitatively compared with the confidence level of the insulation status level. This facilitates the fusion and analysis of different types of data analysis results for the same equipment and the same insulation fault within the same neural network. After deploying a neural network for insulation status analysis of high-voltage equipment in substations, and using this as a model, the logic layer of the substation high-voltage equipment insulation status panoramic perception system opens up a corresponding insulation status data analysis sharing area for latent faults in gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances and oil-immersed power transformers. This provides a data foundation platform for the system representation layer. With status perception data as the core, the system integrates the source data and analysis results required by various data analysis algorithms for the same fault into a single data model object. The data sharing area provides an effective way for the concurrent operation and evaluation calculation of various data analysis algorithms. That is, fault information groups from the same fault period or different fault periods can be accessed and processed simultaneously from various analysis and processing subsystems. If the analysis of a certain insulation fault information by a subsystem fails to meet the conditions, it will switch to processing fault information from other equipment.

[0136] As an optional implementation, the presentation layer is used to display ledger information, test data, inspection data, insulation status level, time series, and confidence level of high-voltage equipment in substations. The presentation layer server uses related technologies such as Axis or Axis2 to implement interface services for corresponding businesses and deploys .aar interface services. A valid WebService interface address is obtained. The presentation layer server establishes HTTPS services and publishes internal resources (web applications, HTTP protocols) on the service. The SSL VPN protocol provides basic authentication certificates and encryption / decryption algorithms. During data transmission, it first hands with the SSL VPN protocol server to reach an agreement on a protocol version, automatically selects the encryption algorithm and authentication method, and then encrypts the sent data according to the encryption algorithm. The SSL VPN protocol decrypts the data according to the encryption algorithm and forwards it to the policy router. When equipment maintenance personnel at the power supply bureau's production command center and substation management office's inspection and maintenance center access the presentation layer server, they can use parameters or different ports (publishing multiple HTTPS services) to distinguish the resources to be redirected. When requesting HTTPS services, a certificate request is included to avoid username and password verification. HTTPS verifies the validity of the certificate, and after successful verification, it automatically redirects to the corresponding resource based on the csgdata parameter.

[0137] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The above are merely preferred embodiments of this invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0138] Example 3

[0139] According to another aspect of the present invention, a more specific panoramic perception system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment is also provided. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the panoramic perception system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the system includes a physical layer, a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a logic layer, and a presentation layer. The physical layer includes an oil-immersed power transformer and a gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliance. The sensing layer includes current, voltage, temperature, humidity, and partial discharge sensors. The transmission layer includes a vertical acquisition server, a horizontal acquisition server, a local area network switch, and an intranet switch. The logic layer includes a logic layer server, a real-time database server, and a relational database server. The presentation layer includes a presentation layer server, an engineer's workstation, and an operator's workstation. The various layers of the system are interconnected through a power dispatch data network.

[0140] The physical layer mainly includes two types of high-voltage equipment: oil-immersed power transformers and gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear, deployed in the substation equipment area. The connection groups of the oil-immersed power transformers are YNa0d11, YNyn0d11, or YNyn0yn0+d, with a maximum operating voltage of 550 kV, 252 kV, or 126 kV on the high-voltage side. The capacity of the 500 kV single-phase autotransformer is 750 or 1000 MVA, the capacity of the 220 kV three-phase switchgear is 120, 150, 180, or 240 MVA, and the capacity of the 110 kV three-phase three-winding AC power transformer is 40, 50, or 63 MVA. The nominal voltage of the gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear is 110 kV, 220 kV, or 500 kV, and the rated voltage of the equipment is... Voltage: 126 kV, 252 kV, or 550 kV; Rated current of the main circuit should preferably be selected from the following values: 1000, 1250, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3150, 4000, 5000, 6300, or 8000 Amperes; Rated short-time withstand (thermal stability) current 1kA (main circuit and grounding circuit) should preferably be selected from the following values: 25, 31.5, 40, 50, 63, 80, or 100 kA; For enclosures easily accessible to operators, the temperature rise should not exceed 30K; for enclosures easily accessible to operators but not required to be touched during normal operation, the temperature rise should not exceed 40K; for parts not touched by operators, the temperature rise can be increased to 65K, but it should be ensured that the surrounding insulation and sealing materials are not damaged, and clear high-temperature markings should be made.

[0141] The sensing layer mainly includes current, voltage, temperature, humidity, and partial discharge sensors, deployed on the equipment bodies of oil-immersed power transformers and gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances in the substation equipment area. The number of sensor measurement points is determined based on the number of high-voltage devices being monitored. The current and voltage sensors are non-invasive, while the temperature, humidity, and partial discharge sensors are passive wireless measurement types. The ambient temperature for the sensors is -40°C to +45°C, the relative humidity is 5% to 95%, the atmospheric pressure is 80 kPa to 110 kPa, and the site safety requirements comply with Class B safety provisions in GB / T 9361 "Computer Site Safety Requirements". The relevant provisions of 4943.1 "Safety of Information Technology Equipment Part 1: General Requirements" shall apply; the rated voltage of the working power supply shall be AC ​​220V (1±15%), the frequency of the working power supply shall be 50±0.5Hz, the harmonic content of the working power supply shall be less than 5%, and the online rate of the monitoring sensor shall not be less than 99%; the measurement range of the leakage current sensor shall be 1mA to 1A, and the measurement range of the overcurrent sensor shall be 1A to 100kA; the measurement range of the working voltage sensor shall be 1V to 750kV, and the measurement range of the overvoltage sensor shall be 100kV to 1800kV; the measurement range of the temperature sensor shall be -40 to +160 degrees Celsius, the measurement accuracy shall be better than ±0.4 degrees Celsius, the humidity detection limit shall be better than 1000μL / L, and the measurement accuracy of the partial discharge sensor shall be 1 picocoo; the test classification and test items of the sensors shall comply with the provisions of DL / T 1432.1 "Inspection Specification for Online Monitoring Devices of Power Equipment Part 1: General Inspection Specification", and the working conditions and technical requirements shall comply with DL / T The provisions of 1498.1 "Technical Specification for Online Monitoring Devices of Power Equipment Part 1: General Rules".

[0142] The transmission layer mainly includes vertical acquisition servers, horizontal acquisition servers, local area network switches, and intranet switches, which are deployed in the communication room of the substation where the power supply bureau's inspection and maintenance center is located, with one set of each.

[0143] Both the vertical and horizontal data acquisition servers in the transmission layer are NF5280M5 2U rack-mount servers, configured with four 8-core Xeon E7-8893 V4 series CPUs, 14nm, supporting Hyper-Threading, with a cache of no less than 25 MB / s, a base clock speed of no less than 3.2 GHz, and a bus specification of QPI 9.6 GT / s; the memory configuration is no less than 128 Gigabytes of DDR4 memory, with a maximum total of 64 memory slots of LGA 2011 type; the hard drive configuration is four 600 Gigabyte, 12000 RPM serial-connected SCSI hard drives; the network card is equipped with eight independent 10 / 100 / 1000M-BaseT Ethernet ports;

[0144] The data exchange, customized protocols, deployment architecture, data transmission security specifications, and protection mechanisms of the transmission layer vertical acquisition server should comply with the provisions of Q / CSG 1210017 "Technical Specifications for Internal and External Network Data Security Exchange Platform", Q / CSG 1210007 "Data Transmission Security Standards", and Q / CSG 1204009 "Technical Specifications for Security Protection of Power Monitoring Systems". It collects monitoring data from oil-immersed power transformers and gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances collected by current, voltage, temperature, humidity, and partial discharge sensors through a local area network switch, providing data services to the real-time database server. The transmission layer vertical acquisition server scans the exchanged data and instructions through a firewall, closes abnormal ports, and prevents intrusion.

[0145] Optionally, data exchange refers to the transmission, reception, interpretation, and parsing of data.

[0146] The data exchange, customized protocols, deployment architecture, data transmission security specifications, and protection mechanisms of the transport layer horizontal acquisition server should comply with the provisions of Q / CSG 1210017 "Technical Specifications for Data Security Exchange Platform between Internal and External Networks", Q / CSG 1210007 "Data Transmission Security Standards", and Q / CSG 1204009 "Technical Specifications for Security Protection of Power Monitoring Systems". It should collect relevant information (including ledger information and test data) about oil-immersed power transformers and gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances from the intermediate database server of the power grid management platform (asset domain) through the internal network switch, and provide data services to the relational database server.

[0147] The number of internal network switches is 1 set, which is deployed in the communication room of the substation where the power supply bureau's inspection and maintenance center is located. The physical interface, protocol, interconnection and compatibility requirements of the internal network switches should comply with the provisions of Q / CSG 1204016.3 "Part 3: Technical Requirements for Data Network Equipment". It is used to connect the transmission layer horizontal acquisition server, relational database data server, logic layer server, presentation layer server, engineer station and operator station through the power dispatch data network composed of optical fiber.

[0148] One local area network (LAN) switch is deployed in the communication room of the substation where the power supply bureau's maintenance center is located. It is equipped with 24 10 / 100 / 1000 Mbps adaptive Ethernet ports, a switching capacity of no less than 150 Mbps, a Layer 2 and Layer 3 packet forwarding capacity of no less than 95 Mbps, a concurrent flow statistics capacity of no less than 400,000 packets, a data packet forwarding latency of less than 1 millisecond, and supports LDP MD5, VRRP MD5, and NTP MD5 encryption authentication. The LAN switch is used to connect to the vertical acquisition server and the real-time database data server via a power dispatch data network constructed from optical fibers.

[0149] The logic layer mainly includes a logic layer server, a real-time database server, and a relational database server, which are deployed in the information room of the substation where the power supply bureau's inspection and maintenance center is located, with one set of each.

[0150] The logical layer server is an NP3020 M5 tower server, equipped with four 10-core Xeon Silver series CPUs, supporting Hyper-Threading, with a cache of no less than 20 megabytes and a base clock speed of no less than 3.4 GHz; the memory configuration is no less than 128 gigabytes of DDR4 memory, with a maximum total number of memory slots of no less than 64; the hard drive configuration is two 600 gigabyte, 12,000 RPM serial-connected SCSI hard drives.

[0151] Both the real-time database server and the relational database server are NF5280M5 2U rack-mount servers, equipped with two 8-core Xeon E7 V4 series CPUs supporting Hyper-Threading, with a cache of at least 25 megabytes and a native clock speed of at least 1.9 GHz; the memory configuration is at least 128 gigabytes of DDR4 memory, with a maximum total number of memory slots of at least 64; the hard drive configuration is four 600 gigabyte, 12,000 RPM serial-connected SCSI hard drives; the network card is equipped with eight independent 10 / 100 / 1000M-BaseT Ethernet ports;

[0152] The logic layer server deploys a neural network for analyzing the insulation status of high-voltage equipment. The input layer takes into account specific real-time data on current, voltage, temperature, humidity, partial discharge, and gas monitoring of the oil-immersed power transformer and gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear; operational partial discharge data, SF6 gas pressure, SF6 gas humidity, grounding cable leakage current, surge arrester leakage current, and line voltage test data of the gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear; and operational partial discharge test data of the oil-immersed power transformer. The hidden layer analyzes the positive and negative degradation levels of the high-voltage equipment, calculates the initial value of the insulation status level, plots the time series of monitoring and test data, and confirms the analysis results of the insulation status level. The output layer outputs the positive and negative degradation levels of the high-voltage equipment insulation status, the time series of status perception data, the insulation status level, and its confidence level, and provides data services to the presentation layer server via an internal network switch.

[0153] The real-time database server and relational database server are used to store monitoring data, test data, and ledger information of oil-immersed power transformers and gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances, as well as relevant data on the positive and negative degradation degree of insulation status of high-voltage equipment, time series of status perception data, insulation status level and its confidence level. Their data exchange, customized protocols, data transmission security specifications and protection mechanisms should comply with the provisions of GB / T 20273 "Security Technical Requirements for Database Management Systems" and Q / CSG 1210007 "Data Transmission Security Standard". The relational database server is used to store test data, ledger information and insulation status analysis related data. The real-time database server is used to store monitoring data and provides data services to the logical layer server through the internal network switch.

[0154] The presentation layer mainly includes a presentation layer server, an engineer station, and an operator station. The presentation layer server is deployed in the communication room of the substation where the power supply bureau's inspection and maintenance center is located, while the engineer station and operator station are deployed in the main control room of the substation where the power supply bureau's inspection and maintenance center is located. There is one set of each.

[0155] The presentation layer server is an NF5280M5 2U rack server, equipped with two 8-core Xeon E7 V4 series CPUs, supporting Hyper-Threading, with a cache of no less than 25 megabytes and a native clock speed of no less than 1.9 GHz; the memory configuration is no less than 128 gigabytes of DDR4 memory, with a maximum total number of memory slots of no less than 64; the hard drive configuration is four 600 gigabyte, 12,000 RPM serial-connected SCSI hard drives; the network card is equipped with eight independent 10 / 100 / 1000M-BaseT Ethernet ports;

[0156] The access technology measures for the presentation layer server should comply with the provisions of Q / CSG 1204009 "Technical Specifications for Security Protection of Power Monitoring Systems" and the management measures should comply with the provisions of Q / CSG 212001 "Management Measures for Security Protection of Power Monitoring Systems". The application system requirements should comply with the provisions of DL / T 1352 "Technical Guidelines for Power Emergency Command Centers". The system's access verification requirements for equipment operation and maintenance personnel of the power supply bureau's production command center and substation management station's inspection and maintenance center should comply with the provisions of GB / T 20272 "Technical Requirements for Operating System Security".

[0157] The engineering workstation is a dual-socket workstation from the ThinkStation P920 series.

[0158] The configuration principles and technical requirements of the engineering station should comply with the requirements of Q / CSG 1203005 "Technical Guidelines for Secondary Power Equipment" regarding computer monitoring systems, and be used to provide services for system administrators to maintain the panoramic perception system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment.

[0159] The operator station is a ThinkStation K series workstation.

[0160] The configuration principles and technical requirements of the operator station should comply with the requirements of Q / CSG 1203005 "Technical Guidelines for Secondary Power Equipment" regarding computer monitoring systems, and be used to provide system administrators and on-duty personnel with technical services related to monitoring and early warning, emergency response, load transfer, emergency power restoration, technical upgrades and repairs, and material allocation.

[0161] Example 4

[0162] In the specific installation and deployment of the panoramic perception system for the insulation status of high-voltage equipment, firstly, key substations of the year are selected, especially oil-immersed power transformers and gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear with historical or family-related defects. Secondly, current, voltage, temperature, humidity, and partial discharge sensors are installed on the equipment bodies of the oil-immersed power transformers and gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear; the number of sensor measurement points is determined based on the number of high-voltage equipment being monitored. Thirdly, the vertical acquisition server, horizontal acquisition server, LAN switch, and intranet switch of the transmission layer are deployed in the communication room of the substation where the power supply bureau's maintenance center is located; the logic layer server, real-time database server, and relational database server of the logic layer are deployed in the information room of the substation where the power supply bureau's maintenance center is located; the presentation layer server is deployed in the communication room of the substation where the power supply bureau's maintenance center is located; and the engineer station and operator station of the presentation layer are deployed in the main control room of the substation where the power supply bureau's maintenance center is located. Each of these systems consists of one set of equipment. Finally, the power supply bureau's production command center should conduct routine monitoring and analysis of the insulation status of high-voltage equipment daily, monitor and track defects and hidden dangers of high-voltage equipment in key substations throughout the year, promptly issue technical supervision early warning notices to the substation management office, and track them to the node closed loop.

[0163] Technical personnel at the power supply bureau's production command center discovered partial discharge (PD) signals at two gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliances (GEOs) collected by sensors from the high-voltage equipment insulation status panoramic perception system. With the assistance of a high-voltage equipment insulation status analysis neural network, it was preliminarily determined that the first partial discharge location was at an abnormal level with a confidence cross-correlation coefficient (R) of 0.95, and the second partial discharge location was at a warning level with a confidence cross-correlation coefficient (R) of 0.81. Based on the results of the high-voltage equipment insulation status analysis neural network, the technical personnel at the power supply bureau's production command center issued a technical supervision early warning notice to the substation management office of the power supply bureau to which the high-voltage equipment belonged. The equipment maintenance personnel at the substation management office used their equipment maintenance experience to diagnose the discharge signal spectrum. Analyzing the discharge signal spectrum of the first gas-insulated fully enclosed GEO (as shown in Figure 5), the two groups of partial discharge signal clusters differed in phase by 180 degrees. With the voltage remaining constant, the signal amplitudes were also basically the same. From the φ-qt perspective, the signal distribution was very obvious, and the duration was also long. The phase difference between the two partial discharge signals was also 180 degrees; therefore, it was determined to be a genuine partial discharge. The equipment maintenance personnel analyzed the discharge signal spectrum of the second gas-insulated fully enclosed combined electrical appliance (as shown in Figure 6). They found that the signal appeared in 4 groups, but from the perspective of phase, it was actually three groups of partial discharge signal clusters. The phase difference between the groups was 120°. It was determined that this was a three-phase corona radiation phenomenon of the overhead line in the substation, that is, an air discharge interference signal.

[0164] The main implementation details in the specific handling process are as follows:

[0165] In one exemplary implementation, the substation management office of the power supply bureau, in conjunction with the power research institute and the production technology department of the power supply bureau, conducted live-line testing and diagnostic tests on the fully enclosed combined electrical equipment bays based on cases where partial discharge was detected through monitoring and early warning. Live-line testing was used to further assess the equipment's operating status. If potential hazards were found, existing technologies such as UHF partial discharge detection, ultrasonic partial discharge detection, SF6 gas humidity detection, and SF6 gas decomposition product detection were used to analyze the insulation degradation trend or pinpoint the exact location of insulation defects. Diagnostic testing is an important means of detecting the insulation condition of operating equipment. It allows for targeted testing of suspected defective components and can be conducted under conditions where the equipment is not energized.

[0166] In one exemplary implementation, the power supply bureau's production command center, in conjunction with the power dispatching department, guides the power supply bureau's substation management office to take emergency power outage and load transfer measures for equipment confirmed to have discharge faults through live-line testing and diagnostic tests. Based on the results of emergency response and equipment repair, the center guides power restoration to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system. Specifically, equipment repair must adhere to the relevant guidelines and process requirements of the high-voltage equipment manufacturer, developing specific repair plans and work instructions. These work instructions clearly define the repair environment, organizational measures, technical measures, safety measures, procedures, and quality standards. Repair work is strictly carried out in accordance with these work instructions. Equipment repair work mainly includes the inspection and repair of circuit breakers, busbars, direct connections to cables, direct connections to power transformers, and disconnect switches, grounding switches, and fast grounding switches.

[0167] In one exemplary implementation, the power supply bureau's substation management office, in conjunction with the supply chain department, procures or allocates replacement spare parts for specific high-voltage equipment experiencing discharge faults. These spare parts include switchgear, removable connections, support insulators, compartments, partitions, bushings, main circuits, and other maintenance and technical upgrade materials to support emergency power restoration. The spare parts should be provided by the original manufacturer and be of the same material and quality as the original equipment. Spare parts should be processed and packaged according to requirements, and individually boxed. The boxes should be clearly marked, and the spare parts should indicate their expiration date and necessary structural diagrams. Electrical coils and other precision electrical components, instruments, and meters must be placed in plastic bags with desiccants or protected using other effective methods before being boxed. Special tools and instruments should be accompanied by technical parameters, instruction manuals, and other relevant information.

[0168] In one exemplary implementation, after emergency response and technical upgrades, the equipment maintenance personnel of the substation management center of the power supply bureau use panoramic perception of the equipment insulation status to determine whether the monitoring sampling points are sufficient and whether their locations are appropriate, and propose plans for adding or adjusting sensors.

[0169] Example 5

[0170] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer solid-state readable storage medium is also provided, which includes a program developed based on an integrated development environment (IDE) stored thereon. The program, when running, controls the device where the computer solid-state readable storage medium is located to execute any of the above-mentioned methods for analyzing the insulation status of high-voltage equipment in substations.

[0171] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer solid-state readable storage medium may be located in any computer terminal in a group of computer terminals in a computer network, or in any mobile terminal in a group of mobile terminals, and the computer solid-state readable storage medium includes a stored program.

[0172] According to another aspect of the present invention, a central processing unit is also provided for running a program, wherein the program executes the high-voltage equipment insulation state analysis method described above.

[0173] This invention provides a device including a central processing unit, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the central processing unit. When the central processing unit executes the program, it implements the steps of a method for analyzing the insulation status of high-voltage equipment.

[0174] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0175] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0176] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the shown or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules may be electrical or other forms. Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0177] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module.

[0178] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), solid-state drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0179] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for substation high voltage equipment insulation condition panoramic perception, characterized in that, include: Acquire the first monitoring data and first test data of the target substation equipment; According to the preset degradation analysis strategy, the first monitoring data and the first test data are subjected to degradation analysis to obtain the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount; The confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment is determined based on the first and second degradation amounts. State awareness is performed based on the confidence level judgment results.

2. The substation high voltage equipment insulation condition panoramic awareness method of claim 1, wherein, The step of performing degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and the first test data according to a preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount includes: The preset degradation analysis strategy includes a first degradation analysis strategy and a second degradation analysis strategy; The first monitoring data is used to obtain the first degradation amount through a first degradation analysis strategy; The first experimental data is used to obtain the second degradation amount through the second degradation analysis strategy.

3. The substation high voltage equipment insulation condition panoramic awareness method of claim 2, wherein, The step of determining the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount includes: Set the first warning threshold and the first attention threshold; The target substation equipment status score is calculated based on the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount, combined with the first warning threshold and the first attention threshold.

4. The substation high voltage equipment insulation condition panoramic awareness method of claim 3, wherein, The step of determining the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount also includes: Based on the status score of the target substation equipment and in conjunction with the preset status level classification standard, the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is determined. The preset state level classification standard includes several scoring intervals, and each scoring interval corresponds to a unique state level.

5. The substation high voltage equipment insulation condition panoramic awareness method of claim 4, wherein, The step of determining the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount also includes: The first monitoring data and the first test data corresponding to the first degradation amount and the second degradation amount are subjected to a first preprocessing, and the first preprocessing result is recorded as the second monitoring data and the second test data; Set a first smoothness threshold, and solve for the first cross-correlation coefficient of the second monitoring data and the second experimental data that satisfy the first smoothness threshold.

6. The substation high voltage equipment insulation condition panoramic awareness method of claim 5, wherein, The step of determining the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount also includes: If the first cross-correlation coefficient meets the preset first cross-correlation coefficient threshold, then the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment meets the requirements, and the state level corresponding to the state score of the target substation equipment is reliable. Otherwise, the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is unreliable.

7. The substation high voltage equipment insulation condition panoramic awareness method of claim 6, wherein, The state perception based on the confidence level judgment result includes: If the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is reliable, then an alarm notification for that status level is sent to the equipment operation and maintenance department according to the status level. If the status level corresponding to the status score of the target substation equipment is unreliable, the first monitoring data and the first test data of the target substation equipment shall be obtained again.

8. A substation high voltage equipment insulation condition panoramic perception system, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the first monitoring data and the first test data of the target substation equipment; The degradation analysis module is used to perform degradation analysis on the first monitoring data and the first test data according to a preset degradation analysis strategy to obtain a first degradation amount and a second degradation amount. The judgment module is used to judge the confidence level of the first state level of the target substation equipment based on the first deterioration amount and the second deterioration amount; The perception module is used to perform state perception based on the confidence level judgment result. 9.A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer device is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-8 when the computer program is executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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