Integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material preparation, and use method therefor

Abstract

An integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material preparation, and a use method therefor. The integrated apparatus comprises a feeding system, a solid waste heat treatment system, a steam utilization system, a tail gas purification and recovery system, a biomass carbonization system, and a metal pyrolysis and recovery system. The solid waste heat treatment system comprises a pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) and a high-temperature cracking chamber (3), wherein the high-temperature cracking chamber is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. The steam utilization system comprises a high-pressure steam room (4), a low-pressure steam room (5), and a hot water room (6). The tail gas purification and recovery system comprises a cyclone dust collector (7), a spray denitrification and denitration chamber (8), a water bath purification chamber (9), an electrostatic precipitator (10), and a gas collector (12). The apparatus and the use method therefor are mainly used for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material preparation, thereby solving the problems of low heat energy utilization rate of organic solid waste, low recovery rate of metal-containing waste, low carbon yield and low quality of a carbon material prepared from agricultural and forestry biomass waste.

Description

An integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation, and its application method. Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental science and engineering, and in particular relates to an integrated device and its method of use that integrates organic solid waste treatment, metal recycling and carbon material preparation. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal energy conversion is an important form of utilization for organic solid waste, pyrolysis recovery is an important form of metal purification, and charcoal material preparation is an important form of utilization for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste. Due to the complex composition of organic solid waste, especially industrial solid waste, the diverse sources of raw materials lead to complex compositions, making it difficult to achieve complete combustion using traditional methods. This results in low thermal energy conversion rates, leading to the generation of large amounts of complex gases and high costs for exhaust gas treatment. Traditional metal pyrolysis recovery generates large amounts of waste gas, which is difficult and costly to treat, especially since metal oxidation leads to low utilization rates. Furthermore, traditional methods for preparing biochar and fuel char from agricultural and forestry biomass waste have low yields and low energy utilization rates. Currently, the low thermal energy utilization rate of organic solid waste, the low recovery rate of metal-containing waste, and the low yield and poor quality of charcoal materials prepared from agricultural and forestry biomass waste restrict the high-value utilization of organic solid waste, the efficient recovery of metals, and the development of charcoal materials. Therefore, developing an integrated device that combines high-temperature pyrolysis treatment of organic solid waste, metal recovery, and charcoal material preparation to achieve high-value utilization of organic solid waste thermal energy, high metal recovery rates, and high charcoal material yields is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, the thermal energy conversion, metal recovery, and charcoal material preparation of organic solid waste are treated separately, resulting in large amounts of exhaust gas, high treatment costs, low thermal energy utilization, and low equipment operating efficiency. Furthermore, there is a lack of pyrolysis treatment for the gases generated from solid waste, especially since organic solid waste contains dioxins from plastics. Insufficient high-temperature pyrolysis leads to large amounts of dioxin exhaust gas. Additionally, the current cooling methods for dioxin resynthesis during exhaust gas cooling have high resynthesis rates, resulting in high exhaust gas treatment costs. Existing organic solid waste pyrolysis is incomplete, with low thermal energy utilization, while the large volume and complex composition of exhaust gas lead to low resource utilization. Since most metal waste has a high plastic content, exhaust gas treatment costs after pyrolysis recovery are high, and the biomass gas generated from charcoal material preparation is difficult to collect, posing safety risks during collection and storage. Existing metal recovery methods suffer from high metal oxidation losses due to the lack of a strictly anaerobic environment, and the use of nitrogen and inert gases increases metal costs. Biochar preparation requires a strict environmental environment, and conventional heating methods are inefficient and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an integrated device and its method of use that integrates organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material preparation, in order to solve a series of problems such as low thermal energy utilization rate of organic solid waste, low recovery rate of metal-containing waste, low carbon yield and poor quality of carbon materials prepared from agricultural and forestry biomass waste, and high cost of exhaust gas purification.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation, comprising a feeding system, a solid waste thermal treatment system, a steam utilization system, a tail gas purification and recovery system, a biomass carbonization system, and a metal pyrolysis and recovery system. The solid waste thermal treatment system includes a pyrolysis gasification chamber and a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber being divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. The steam utilization system includes a high-pressure steam room, a low-pressure steam room, and a hot water room. The tail gas purification and recovery system includes a cyclone dust collector, a spray denitrification and denitrification chamber, a water bath purification chamber, an electrostatic precipitator, and a gas collector. The feeding system and the pyrolysis gasification chamber... The feed inlet is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber. The left chamber of the pyrolysis gasification chamber is connected to the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber via a primary air inlet. The left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is connected to the right chamber via a secondary air inlet. The right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is connected to the high-pressure steam chamber via a first air pipe. The high-pressure steam chamber is connected to the low-pressure steam chamber via a first air pipe. The low-pressure steam chamber is connected to the hot water chamber via a second air pipe. The upper end of the hot water chamber is connected to the low-pressure steam chamber via a hot water return pipe. A return water valve is installed on the hot water return pipe. The hot water chamber is connected to the cyclone dust collector via a first exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber via a connecting pipe. An induced draft fan is installed on the connecting pipe. The spray denitrification and denitrification chamber is connected to the water bath purification chamber via a second exhaust pipe. The water bath purification chamber is connected to the electrostatic precipitator via a third exhaust pipe. The electrostatic precipitator is connected to a gas collector via a tail gas collection pipe. The gas collector is connected to an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is connected to a tail gas return pipe and a tail gas cooling and utilization pipe. The end of the exhaust pipe is a tail gas discharge port. A tail gas exhaust control valve is installed on the exhaust pipe. The tail gas return pipe is connected to the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber and a return fan. The return fan is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber via an air inlet pipe. The tail gas cooling and utilization pipe is connected to the biomass carbonization system. A tail gas cooling utilization control valve is installed on the gas cooling utilization pipe. Both the biomass carbonization system and the metal pyrolysis recovery system are equipped with hot air inlets. Two hot air pipes are connected to both sides of the first air duct. The two hot air pipes are respectively connected to the hot air inlets of the biomass carbonization system and the metal pyrolysis recovery system. Each of the two hot air pipes is equipped with a hot air inlet control valve. The biomass carbonization system is equipped with a biomass gas outlet. The metal pyrolysis recovery system is equipped with a gas outlet. The biomass gas outlet and the gas outlet are respectively connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber through a biomass gas return pipe. A biomass gas control valve is installed on the biomass gas return pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the biomass carbonization system includes a carbonization chamber, a first feeding system, and a carbon discharger. The side wall of the carbonization chamber has a first feed inlet and multiple hot air inlets, which are arranged opposite to each other. The first feed inlet is connected to the first feeding system. The top of the carbonization chamber has multiple biomass gas outlets, and the bottom of the carbonization chamber has a cooling gas inlet. The tail gas cooling utilization pipe is connected to the cooling gas inlet. A carbonization plate is installed inside the carbonization chamber, with rollers at both ends connected to a driver. The front end of the carbonization plate is near the first feed inlet, and the rear end is near a collection pit. A push-pull plate is installed above the collection pit, which is connected to the carbon discharger. A heat-gathering plate is installed above the carbonization plate, with an opening at the top.

[0007] Furthermore, the spacing between the multiple hot air inlets is 0.5-1.0m, the hot air inlets are inclined at an angle of 5-10 degrees towards the first feed inlet, the heat-gathering plate has an arched structure, the opening distance from the first feed inlet side is 0.2-0.4 times the length of the carbonization chamber space, and the number of biomass gas outlets is three, one of which is located above the opening of the heat-gathering plate, and the other two are located at both ends of the top of the carbonization chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the first feeding system includes a feeding platform, a feeding hopper, a feeding platform, a feeding belt, a feeding hopper, a pushing system, and a reel. The feeding belt has reels on both sides, one end of the feeding belt is placed inside the feeding hopper, and the other end is placed on the feeding platform. The feeding platform has a feeding hopper at one end, which is located above the feeding platform. The feeding hopper is in a feeding rotational eccentric form. The feeding platform has a pushing system inside, and the output end of the pushing system is placed on the feeding platform. The feeding platform is connected to the first feeding port.

[0009] Furthermore, the metal pyrolysis recovery system includes a metal recovery pyrolysis chamber, a slag discharger, and a second feeding system. The metal recovery pyrolysis chamber has a second feed inlet and multiple hot air inlets on its side wall, which are arranged opposite to each other. The second feed inlet is connected to the second feeding system. Multiple gas outlets are provided on the top of the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber. A bidirectional grate is installed inside the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber and is connected to a drive unit. The front end of the bidirectional grate is near the second feed inlet, and the end is near the receiving trough. A push-pull plate is installed above the receiving trough, and 0.55-0.85 times its volume of water is injected into the receiving trough. The receiving trough is connected to the slag discharger.

[0010] Furthermore, the spacing between the multiple hot air inlets is 0.3-0.5m, the hot air inlets are inclined at an angle of 3-8 degrees toward the second feed inlet, and there are two gas outlets located at the top ends of the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the second feeding system includes a spiral feed hopper, a feeding plate, a feeding trough, and a feeding screw rod. One end of the feeding plate is disposed in the feeding trough, and the other end is disposed on the spiral feed hopper. A feeding screw rod is disposed inside the spiral feed hopper, and the feeding screw rod is connected to the second feed port.

[0012] Furthermore, a unidirectional grate is provided in the pyrolysis gasification chamber. The front end of the unidirectional grate is close to the feeding system, and the end is close to the discharge port. A discharge hopper is provided below the discharge port. A front baffle and a rear baffle are provided above the unidirectional grate. Both the front baffle and the rear baffle are arc-shaped structures. The air inlet is opened between the front baffle and the rear baffle.

[0013] Furthermore, two exhaust vents are provided above the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, with the two exhaust vents in the middle and right side of the left chamber. One exhaust vent is provided above the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, with the exhaust vent in the right chamber located on the right side of the right chamber. Hot air is discharged from the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber through the exhaust vents. All exhaust vents are connected to the exhaust gas return pipe through exhaust connection pipes. Gas return valves are provided on both the exhaust connection pipes and the exhaust gas return pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the hot air flow rate discharged from the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is 1.5-2.2 times that of the right chamber, and the air volume returned by the gas collector through the tail gas return pipe is 0.15-0.25 times that of the hot air discharged from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is provided with an accelerant inlet, and additive inlets are provided on the top and side walls of the first air duct, the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, and the side wall.

[0016] Furthermore, an auxiliary combustion agent is added to the combustion agent inlet, which is a gas with an oxygen content of more than 95% or a solid fuel with a calorific value of 5000-9000 kcal / kg.

[0017] Furthermore, an additive is added to the additive inlet. The additive is a mixture of modified biochar, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand, with a mixing ratio of 1:(0.03-0.08):(0.15-0.35):(0.10-0.25):(0.03-0.05):(0.06-0.09):(0.03-0.08):(0.05-0.12):(0.35-0.55):(0.08-0.12).

[0018] Furthermore, the modified biochar is a mixture of iron oxide modified biochar and potassium permanganate modified biochar, with a mixing ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5), and the particle size of all components is 0.5-2 mm. The particle sizes of the diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand are 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.01-0.1 mm, 0.25-2.0 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.25-5.0 mm, 0.5-2.0 mm, 0.1-2.0 mm, and 0.1-1.0 mm, respectively. The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon.

[0019] Furthermore, dust exhaust ports are provided at the bottom of the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, the high-pressure steam room, the low-pressure steam room, and the hot water room. The dust exhaust port at the bottom of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is connected to the dust storage pit through a dust pipe. A dust removal fan is installed on the dust pipe, and a dust cover is installed at the end of the dust pipe. The dust cover is spring-connected. A dust storage tank is installed below the dust exhaust port at the bottom of the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber.

[0020] Furthermore, the lower part of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is provided with an air outlet, and the lower part of the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is provided with an air inlet. The air outlet and the air inlet are connected by a flow regulating duct, and a flow regulating fan is provided on the flow regulating duct.

[0021] Furthermore, the feeding system includes a feeding chamber, a gas separator, a pusher blower, a feeding box, a first conveyor belt, and a feeding platform. One end of the first conveyor belt is located inside the feeding box, and the other end is located on the feeding chamber. A second conveyor belt is located inside the feeding chamber, with the end of the second conveyor belt close to the feeding platform. The gas separator is connected to the pusher blower, and the outlet of the pusher blower is located on the feeding platform. The feeding platform is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, the gas separator uses membrane separation technology to separate nitrogen from the air, while other gases in the air enter the pyrolysis gasification chamber via a pusher blower.

[0023] Furthermore, the air volume entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber through the air inlet pipe is 0.15-0.35 times the air volume of the pusher blower.

[0024] Furthermore, positioning plates are provided above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber and above the second conveyor belt in the feeding chamber, and a baffle plate is provided above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber.

[0025] Furthermore, the cyclone dust collector includes a cyclone dust collection chamber and an ash collection chamber. The exhaust pipe is installed inside the cyclone dust collection chamber and has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. A dust collection hole is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collection chamber and is located inside the ash collection chamber. A dust collection plate is provided above the dust collection hole.

[0026] Furthermore, the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber includes a spray chamber, a desulfurization chamber, and a denitrification chamber. The spray chamber is connected to a connecting pipe. A water tank is installed inside the spray chamber, and several spray nozzles are connected to the lower part of the water tank. A waste liquid collection port is installed at the bottom of the spray chamber, and a wastewater collection bucket is installed below the waste liquid collection port. The spray chamber is connected to the desulfurization chamber through a desulfurization inlet, and the desulfurization chamber is connected to the denitrification chamber through a denitrification inlet. The denitrification chamber is connected to the water bath purification chamber through a second exhaust pipe.

[0027] Furthermore, the desulfurization chamber uses activated carbon material, and the denitrification chamber uses a mixture of activated carbon and iron oxide.

[0028] Furthermore, an exhaust gas monitoring box is installed on the exhaust gas collection pipe, and various gas monitoring probes are installed inside the exhaust gas monitoring box.

[0029] Furthermore, the biomass carbonization system, the metal pyrolysis recovery system, the high-pressure steam room, and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber are each equipped with 2-6 pressure monitoring gauges and 2-6 temperature monitoring gauges on the left and right chambers. The pyrolysis gasification chamber, the low-pressure steam room, and the hot water room are each equipped with 2-6 temperature monitoring gauges. The third exhaust pipe is equipped with 1-2 temperature monitoring gauges.

[0030] Furthermore, the gas collector uses a combination of upward exhaust and activated carbon pressure swing adsorption to collect carbon dioxide, with the remaining exhaust gas entering the discharge pipe.

[0031] Furthermore, the outer sides of the pyrolysis gasification chamber and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber are made of steel plates, and refractory cotton, refractory bricks, refractory cement and refractory coating are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0032] Furthermore, the rated steam pressure in the high-pressure steam chamber is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the steam pressure in the low-pressure steam chamber is 1.0-2.0 MPa.

[0033] This invention also provides a method for using an integrated device that combines organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation, the specific process of which is as follows:

[0034] Organic solid waste enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber through the feeding system. The generated pyrolysis gas enters the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber through the primary air vent and the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber through the secondary air vent. After completing the internal circulation of the solid waste heat treatment system, it enters the high-pressure steam room, low-pressure steam room and hot water room in sequence. The organic solid waste heat energy conversion is completed through the solid waste heat treatment system and the steam utilization system.

[0035] The solid waste heat treatment system operates simultaneously with the biomass carbonization system and / or the metal pyrolysis recovery system. Hot air from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber enters the biomass carbonization system and / or the metal pyrolysis recovery system through hot air pipes. Agricultural and forestry biomass waste is placed in the biomass carbonization system, which carbonizes the waste to produce biochar or fuel char. Metal waste is placed in the metal pyrolysis recovery system, which separates the waste and recovers the metal. The combustible gas generated by the biomass carbonization system enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber through the biomass gas outlet and the biomass gas return pipe. The combustible gas generated by the metal pyrolysis recovery system enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber through the gas outlet and the biomass gas return pipe.

[0036] The exhaust gas discharged from the hot water room enters the cyclone dust collector, and under the action of the induced draft fan, it enters the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber. After dust reduction, denitrification and denitrification treatment, the exhaust gas enters the water bath purification chamber, electrostatic precipitator and gas collector in sequence. Carbon dioxide is collected in the gas collector. The remaining part of the exhaust gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber through the exhaust gas return pipe. The remaining exhaust gas enters the biomass carbonization system that has completed the carbonization operation through the exhaust gas cooling utilization pipe or is discharged through the emission pipe.

[0037] Furthermore, the organic solid waste has a moisture content of less than 25% and a calorific value of more than 2000 kcal / kg, the metal waste has a moisture content of less than 10%, and the agricultural and forestry biomass waste has a moisture content of less than 20%. It is first prepared into granules, then dried, and when prepared into biochar, the particle size is 10-30 mm. When prepared into fuel char, the particle size is 20-50 mm, or the columnar diameter and length are 20-80 mm and 100-300 mm, respectively.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an integrated device and its method of use that integrates organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation. It can achieve integrated treatment of organic solid waste utilization, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation, solving problems such as low thermal energy utilization rate of organic solid waste, high pollutant content and metal oxidation loss rate of metal waste, low biochar yield, high waste gas output, and low carbon dioxide concentration in tail gas, making recovery difficult. It achieves an organic solid waste thermal energy conversion rate of over 85%, a purified metal content exceeding 80%, a biochar yield exceeding 30%, and a fuel char calorific value as high as 4200-5400 kcal / kg. It reduces carbon dioxide recovery costs in tail gas by over 30%, improves operating efficiency by over 40%, reduces tail gas generation by over 30%, and reduces tail gas treatment costs by over 80%. The device enables continuous operation, has high production efficiency, large output, and a high degree of industrialization. The device has low energy consumption, consuming only a small amount of electricity and no other energy sources, resulting in low cost.

[0039] This invention integrates the treatment of organic solid waste, metal recycling, and charcoal material preparation, achieving efficient utilization of the exhaust gases from metal recycling and charcoal material preparation, and reducing exhaust gas treatment costs. It utilizes the exhaust gas from high-temperature pyrolysis to reduce the cost of metal waste treatment. Through anaerobic hot air treatment, it achieves high efficiency and high char yield.

[0040] This invention achieves complete combustion through efficient heat preservation, the addition of combustion-enhancing agents, and a special structural system, completing multi-stage pyrolysis to fully decompose dioxins and reduce their resynthesis. Furthermore, specially formulated additives further reduce dioxin resynthesis, resulting in effective dioxin removal and low-cost exhaust gas purification. The exhaust gas collected by this invention has a high carbon dioxide concentration, exceeding 50%, which is twice that of conventional organic solid waste (around 25%), facilitating efficient carbon dioxide recovery. This invention not only improves the thermal energy utilization efficiency of organic solid waste and increases metal recovery rate, carbon material yield, and quality, but also significantly reduces waste gas production, making it of significant practical importance in promoting the development of organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and the carbon material industry.

[0041] This invention achieves complete combustion of organic solid waste through high-temperature multi-stage pyrolysis, improving thermal energy utilization efficiency, reducing waste gas generation, and thus lowering tail gas treatment costs; it also improves the recovery rate of metal waste through complete carbonization; and it increases the carbon yield of biochar through complete carbonization. This invention integrates efficient utilization of thermal energy from organic solid waste, efficient metal recovery, and efficient biochar preparation. The process is simple, consumes little energy, has minimal environmental impact, and has high application value. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the elevation cross-sectional structure of an integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recycling and carbon material preparation according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 is a top view of the integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recycling and carbon material preparation according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the biomass carbonization system described in this invention.

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the metal pyrolysis recovery system of the present invention.

[0047] In the diagram: 1-Feeding chamber, 2-Pyrolysis and gasification chamber, 3-High-temperature pyrolysis chamber, 4-High-pressure steam room, 5-Low-pressure steam room, 6-Hot water room, 7-Cyclone dust collector, 8-Spray denitrification and denitrification chamber, 9-Water bath purification chamber, 10-Electrostatic precipitator, 11-Tail gas monitoring box, 12-Gas collector, 13-Gas separator, 14-Pushing blower, 15-Feed box, 16-First conveyor belt, 17-Feeding platform, 18-Baffle plate, 19-Positioning plate, 20-One-way grate, 21-Discharge port, 22-Front baffle, 23-Rear baffle, 24-Discharge bin, 25-Air inlet, 26-Air inlet pipe, 27-Primary air outlet, 28-Recirculation fan, 29-Secondary air outlet, 30-Combustion aid inlet, 31-Exhaust port, 32-Dust outlet, 33- Dust removal fan, 34-dust cover, 35-dust storage pit, 36-dust storage tank, 37-flow regulating fan, 38-air inlet, 39-additive inlet, 40-first air duct, 41-third exhaust duct, 42-cyclone dust collector, 43-ash collection chamber, 44-exhaust pipe, 45-dust settling plate, 46-dust settling hole, 47-induced draft fan, 48-connecting pipe, 49-spray chamber, 50-spray head, 51-wastewater collection tank, 52-waste liquid collection port, 53-desulfurization inlet, 54-desulfurization room, 55-denitrification inlet, 56-denitrification room, 57-tail gas collection pipe, 58-gas return valve, 59-tail gas return pipe, 60-tail gas emission. 61-Exhaust gas exhaust control valve, 62-Hot water return pipe, 63-Exhaust gas cooling utilization pipe, 64-Exhaust gas cooling utilization control valve, 65-Carbonization chamber, 66-First feeding system, 67-Carbon outlet, 68-Hot air pipe, 69-Pressure monitoring gauge, 70-Temperature monitoring gauge, 71-Biomass gas return pipe, 72-Biomass gas outlet, 73-Hot air inlet, 74-Heat collecting plate, 75-Collection pit, 76-Carbonization plate, 77-Feeding platform, 78-Feeding tipper, 79-Feeding platform, 80-Feeding belt, 81-Feeding hopper, 82-Pushing system, 83-Roller, 84-Roller, 85-Push-pull plate, 86-Driver 87-Cooling gas inlet, 88-Hot air inlet control valve, 89-Biomass gas control valve, 90-Metal recovery pyrolysis chamber, 91-Screw feed hopper, 92-Feeding plate, 93-Slag discharger, 94-Gas outlet, 95-Bidirectional grate, 96-Collection trough, 97-Feed trough, 98-Feeding screw, 99-Second air duct, 100-Return water valve, 101-First exhaust pipe, 102-Second exhaust pipe, 103-Discharge pipe, 104-First feed inlet, 105-Second feeding system, 106-Second feed inlet, 107-Dust duct, 108-Air outlet, 109-Flow regulating duct, 110-Second conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0049] Example 1: Referring to Figures 1-4, this example describes an integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation. It includes a feeding system, a solid waste thermal treatment system, a steam utilization system, a tail gas purification and recovery system, a biomass carbonization system, and a metal pyrolysis recovery system. The solid waste thermal treatment system includes a pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, which is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. The steam utilization system includes a high-pressure steam room 4, a low-pressure steam room 5, and a hot water room 6. The tail gas purification and recovery system includes a cyclone dust collector 7, a spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8, a water bath purification chamber 9, an electrostatic precipitator 10, and a gas collector 12. The feeding system is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is connected to... The left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is connected to the right chamber via a primary air inlet 27. The left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is connected to the right chamber via a secondary air inlet 29. The right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is connected to the high-pressure steam room 4 via a first air duct 40. The high-pressure steam room 4 is connected to the low-pressure steam room 5. The low-pressure steam room 5 is connected to the hot water room 6 via a second air duct 99. The upper end of the hot water room 6 is connected to the low-pressure steam room 5 via a hot water return pipe 62. A return water valve 100 is installed on the hot water return pipe 62. The hot water room 6 is connected to the cyclone dust collector 7 via a first exhaust pipe 101. The exhaust pipe 44 of the cyclone dust collector 7 is connected to the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 via a connecting pipe 48. An induced draft fan 47 is installed on the connecting pipe 48. The spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 is connected to the water bath purification chamber 9 via the second exhaust pipe 102. The water bath purification chamber 9 is connected to the electrostatic precipitator 10 via the third exhaust pipe 41. The electrostatic precipitator 10 is connected to the gas collector 12 via the exhaust gas collection pipe 57. The gas collector 12 is connected to the discharge pipe 103. The discharge pipe 103 is connected to the exhaust gas return pipe 59 and the exhaust gas cooling utilization pipe 63. The end of the discharge pipe 103 is the exhaust gas outlet 60. The discharge pipe 103 is equipped with an exhaust gas discharge control valve 61. The exhaust gas return pipe 59 is connected to the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the return fan 28. The return fan 28 is connected to the air inlet 25 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 via the air inlet pipe 26. The cooling utilization pipe 63 is connected to the biomass carbonization system. A tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 is installed on the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63. Both the biomass carbonization system and the metal pyrolysis recovery system are equipped with hot air inlets 73. Two hot air pipes 68 are connected to both sides of the first air duct 40. The two hot air pipes 68 are respectively connected to the hot air inlets 73 in the biomass carbonization system and the metal pyrolysis recovery system. Each of the two hot air pipes 68 is equipped with a hot air intake control valve 88. The biomass carbonization system is equipped with a biomass gas outlet 72, and the metal pyrolysis recovery system is equipped with a fuel gas outlet 94. The biomass gas outlet 72 and the fuel gas outlet 94 are respectively connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through a biomass gas return pipe 71.A biomass gas control valve 89 is installed on the biomass gas return pipe 71.

[0050] The specific process of using this embodiment is as follows:

[0051] Organic solid waste enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the feeding system. The generated pyrolysis gas enters the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air vent 27 and the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the secondary air vent 29. After completing the internal circulation of the solid waste heat treatment system, it enters the high-pressure steam room 4, the low-pressure steam room 5 and the hot water room 6 in sequence. The organic solid waste heat energy conversion is completed through the solid waste heat treatment system and the steam utilization system.

[0052] The solid waste heat treatment system operates simultaneously with the biomass carbonization system and / or the metal pyrolysis recovery system. Hot air from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 enters the biomass carbonization system and / or the metal pyrolysis recovery system through hot air pipe 68. Agricultural and forestry biomass waste is placed in the biomass carbonization system and carbonized to produce biochar or fuel char. Metal waste is placed in the metal pyrolysis recovery system and separated to achieve metal recovery. The combustible gas generated by the biomass carbonization system enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas outlet 72 and the biomass gas return pipe 71. The combustible gas generated by the metal pyrolysis recovery system enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the gas outlet 94 and the biomass gas return pipe 71.

[0053] The exhaust gas discharged from the hot water room 6 enters the cyclone dust collector 7, and under the action of the induced draft fan 47, it enters the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8. After dust reduction, denitrification and denitrification treatment, the exhaust gas enters the water bath purification chamber 9, the electrostatic precipitator 10 and the gas collector 12 in sequence. Carbon dioxide is collected in the gas collector 12. The remaining part of the exhaust gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the exhaust gas return pipe 59. The remaining exhaust gas enters the biomass carbonization system that has completed the carbonization operation through the exhaust gas cooling and utilization pipe 63 or is discharged through the discharge pipe 103.

[0054] The specific details of this embodiment are as follows:

[0055] The organic solid waste has a moisture content of less than 25% and a calorific value of more than 2000 kcal / kg, the metal waste has a moisture content of less than 10%, and the agricultural and forestry biomass waste has a moisture content of less than 20%. It is first prepared into granules, then dried. When prepared into biochar, the particle size is 10-30 mm. When prepared into fuel char, the particle size is 20-50 mm, or the columnar diameter and length are 20-80 mm and 100-300 mm, respectively.

[0056] A unidirectional grate 20 is provided in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2. The front end of the unidirectional grate 20 is close to the feeding system, and the end end is close to the discharge port 21. A discharge hopper 24 is provided below the discharge port 21. A front baffle 22 and a rear baffle 23 are provided above the unidirectional grate 20. Both the front baffle 22 and the rear baffle 23 are arc-shaped structures. The air inlet 25 is opened between the front baffle 22 and the rear baffle 23.

[0057] Two exhaust vents 31 are provided above the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, located in the middle and on the right side of the left chamber. One exhaust vent 31 is provided above the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, located on the right side of the right chamber. Hot air is discharged from both the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the exhaust vents 31. All exhaust vents 31 are connected to the exhaust gas return pipe 59 via exhaust connecting pipes. Gas return valves 58 are installed on both the exhaust connecting pipes and the exhaust gas return pipe 59, controlling the amount of gas returning to the gas collector 12 and the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3. The hot air flow rate discharged from the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is 1.5-2.2 times that of the right chamber, and the air volume returning through the exhaust gas return pipe 59 by the gas collector 12 is 0.15-0.25 times the hot air flow rate discharged from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3.

[0058] The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 has a combustion-supporting agent inlet 30 at the top of the left chamber, and additive inlets 39 are provided on the top and side walls of the first air duct 40 and the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3. Combustion-supporting agents are added through the combustion-supporting agent inlet 30. The combustion-supporting agent is a gas with an oxygen content of more than 95% or a solid fuel with a calorific value of 5000-9000 kcal / kg. Additives are added through the additive inlet 39. The additives are a mixture of modified biochar, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand, with a mixing ratio of 1:(0.03-0.08):(0.15-0.35):(0.10-0.25):(0.03-0.05):(0.06-0.09):(0.03-0.08):(0.05-0.12):(0.35-0.55):(0.08-0.12). The modified biochar is a mixture of iron oxide modified biochar and potassium permanganate modified biochar, with a mixing ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5), and the particle size of all components is 0.5-2 mm. The particle sizes of the diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand are 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.01-0.1 mm, 0.25-2.0 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.25-5.0 mm, 0.5-2.0 mm, 0.1-2.0 mm, and 0.1-1.0 mm, respectively. The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon.

[0059] The bottom of the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, the high-pressure steam room 4, the low-pressure steam room 5, and the hot water room 6 are all equipped with dust discharge ports 32. The dust discharge port 32 at the bottom of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is connected to the dust storage pit 35 through a dust pipe 107. A dust removal fan 33 is installed on the dust pipe 107. A dust cover 34 is installed at the end of the dust pipe 107. The dust cover 34 is spring-connected. A dust storage tank 36 is installed below the dust discharge port 32 at the bottom of the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3.

[0060] The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 has an air outlet 108 at the lower part of the left chamber and an air inlet 38 at the lower part of the right chamber. The air outlet 108 and the air inlet 38 are connected by a flow regulating duct 109. A flow regulating fan 37 is installed on the flow regulating duct 109 to draw hot air from the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 to the right chamber.

[0061] The feeding system includes a feeding chamber 1, a gas separator 13, a pusher blower 14, a feeding box 15, a first conveyor belt 16, and a feeding platform 17. One end of the first conveyor belt 16 is located inside the feeding box 15, and the other end is located on the feeding chamber 1. A second conveyor belt 110 is located inside the feeding chamber 1, and the end of the second conveyor belt 110 is close to the feeding platform 17. The gas separator 13 is connected to the pusher blower 14, and the outlet of the pusher blower 14 is located on the feeding platform 17. The feeding platform 17 is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2.

[0062] The gas separator 13 uses membrane separation technology to separate nitrogen from the air. The remaining gases, mainly composed of oxygen, are then fed into the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 via a pusher blower 14. The airflow entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the air inlet pipe 26 is 0.15-0.35 times the airflow of the pusher blower 14. Positioning plates 19 are installed above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and above the second conveyor belt 110 in the feeding chamber 1, and a baffle plate 18 is installed above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2.

[0063] The gas separator 13 separates nitrogen from the air. The feed box 15 of the feeding system transports organic solid waste to the feeding chamber 1 via the first conveyor belt 16, and then transports the organic solid waste to the feeding platform 17 via the second conveyor belt 110 inside the feeding chamber 1. The organic waste is blown into the unidirectional grate 20 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 by the pusher blower 14. The organic waste in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is pyrolyzed at 300-500℃. The combustible gas generated enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27 and is pyrolyzed at 850-1000℃ for 3-5 seconds. During the high-temperature pyrolysis process, the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is added with combustion aid through the combustion aid inlet 30, and the right chamber is added with biomass additive through the additive inlet 39. The first air pipe 40 between the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 is used to add biomass additive through the additive inlet 39.

[0064] The bottom of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is cleaned every 2-6 hours by a dust removal fan 33. The dust cover 34 is spring-connected and is only opened during dust removal to discharge the dust into the dust storage pit 35. The bottom of the right chamber is cleaned every 12-18 hours through a dust discharge port 32, and the ash is discharged into the dust storage tank 36. The high-pressure steam room 4, low-pressure steam room 5 and hot water room 6 are cleaned every 2-4 days.

[0065] The biomass carbonization system includes a carbonization chamber 65, a first feeding system 66, and a carbon discharger 67. The side wall of the carbonization chamber 65 has a first feed inlet 104 and multiple hot air inlets 73, which are arranged opposite to each other. The first feed inlet 104 is connected to the first feeding system 66. The top of the carbonization chamber 65 has multiple biomass gas outlets 72, and the bottom of the carbonization chamber 65 has a cooling gas inlet 87 for cooling the exhaust gas. A carbonization plate 76 is provided inside the carbonization chamber 65, which is connected to the cooling gas inlet 87 via pipe 63. Rollers 84 are provided at both ends of the carbonization plate 76, and the rollers 84 are connected to the driver 86. The front end of the carbonization plate 76 is close to the first feed inlet 104, and the end end is close to the collection pit 75. A push-pull plate 85 is provided above the collection pit 75, which is connected to the carbon discharge machine 67. A heat-gathering plate 74 is provided above the carbonization plate 76, and the upper end of the heat-gathering plate 74 is open.

[0066] The spacing between the plurality of hot air inlets 73 is 0.5-1.0m. The hot air inlets 73 are inclined at an angle of 5-10 degrees toward the first feed inlet 104. The heat-collecting plate 74 has an arched structure, and the distance from the opening to the side of the first feed inlet 104 is 0.2-0.4 times the length of the space inside the carbonization chamber 65. There are three biomass gas outlets 72, one of which is located above the opening of the heat-collecting plate 74, and the other two are located at the top two ends of the carbonization chamber 65.

[0067] The first feeding system 66 includes a feeding platform 77, a feeding hopper 78, a feeding platform 79, a feeding belt 80, a feeding hopper 81, a pushing system 82, and a reel 83. The feeding belt 80 has reels 83 on both sides. One end of the feeding belt 80 is located inside the feeding hopper 81, and the other end is located on the feeding platform 79. The feeding platform 79 has a feeding hopper 78 at one end, which is located above the feeding platform 77. The feeding hopper 78 is a feeding rotating eccentric type. The feeding platform 79 has a pushing system 82 inside, and the output end of the pushing system 82 is located on the feeding platform 77. The feeding platform 77 is connected to the first feed port 104.

[0068] The feeding hopper 81 feeds the processed material through the feeding platform 79 into the feeding tipping hopper 78 via the top roller 83 under the action of the motor. The feeding tipping hopper 78 is a feeding rotating eccentric type. After the material falls onto the feeding platform 77 below, it is fed onto the carbonization plate 76 through the pushing system 82. The driver 86 is turned on, and the upper side of the carbonization plate 76 is covered with agricultural and forestry biomass waste under the drive of the front and rear rollers 84. At the same time, the driver 86 is turned off.

[0069] Open the hot air intake control valve 88, and hot air enters the carbonization chamber 65. After an interval of 3-8 minutes, open the biomass gas control valve 89, and combustible gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas return pipe 71. After carbonization is completed, exhaust gas is introduced for cooling. Then, open the driver 86 and pull the push-pull plate 85 to discharge the carbonized biochar material into the collection pit 75.

[0070] The metal pyrolysis recovery system includes a metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90, a slag discharger 93, and a second feeding system 105. The metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 has a second feed inlet 106 and multiple hot air inlets 73 on its side wall, which are arranged opposite to each other. The second feed inlet 106 is connected to the second feeding system 105. Multiple gas outlets 94 are provided on the top of the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90. A bidirectional grate 95 is installed inside the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 and is connected to a driver 86. The front end of the bidirectional grate 95 is close to the second feed inlet 106, and the end end is close to the receiving trough 96. A push-pull plate 85 is installed above the receiving trough 96. The receiving trough 96 is filled with 0.55-0.85 times its capacity of water and is connected to the slag discharger 93.

[0071] The spacing between the plurality of hot air inlets 73 is 0.3-0.5m. The hot air inlets 73 are inclined at an angle of 3-8 degrees toward the second feed inlet 106. There are two gas outlets 94, which are located at the top ends of the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90.

[0072] The second feeding system 105 includes a spiral feed hopper 91, a feeding plate 92, a feeding trough 97, and a feeding spiral rod 98. One end of the feeding plate 92 is disposed in the feeding trough 97, and the other end is disposed on the spiral feed hopper 91. The spiral feed hopper 91 is provided with a feeding spiral rod 98, which is connected to the second feed port 106.

[0073] The metal-containing waste in the feed trough 97 is conveyed to the screw feed hopper 91 through the feed plate 92. Under the action of the feed screw 98, the metal-containing waste is sent to the bidirectional grate 95. The driver 86 is turned on to fill the upper side of the grate with metal-containing waste, and the driver 86 is turned off at the same time. The hot air intake control valve 88 is turned on, and hot air enters the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 to carbonize the metal-containing waste. At the same time, the biomass gas control valve 89 is turned on, and combustible gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas return pipe 71. After carbonization is completed, the hot air intake control valve 88 is turned off, the driver 86 is turned on, and the push-pull plate 85 is pulled to discharge the carbonized metal-containing waste into the receiving trough 96.

[0074] Hot air from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 enters the carbonization chamber 65 and / or the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 through the hot air pipe 68 and the hot air inlet 73. The combustible gas generated in the carbonization chamber 65 enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas outlet 72 and the biomass gas return pipe 71. The combustible gas generated in the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the gas outlet 94 and the biomass gas return pipe 71.

[0075] The organic solid waste heat energy conversion is completed through the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2, high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, high-pressure steam chamber 4, low-pressure steam chamber 5, and hot water chamber 6. The carbonization process of agricultural and forestry biomass is completed through the carbonization chamber 65, and the metal waste separation is completed through the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90. The solid waste heat treatment system can operate simultaneously with the biomass carbonization system and the metal pyrolysis recovery system, or it can operate independently simultaneously with either the biomass carbonization system or the metal pyrolysis recovery system.

[0076] Organic solid waste enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the feeding system. The generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27. After completing the internal circulation of the system through the secondary air inlet 29, it enters the high-pressure steam chamber 4, the low-pressure steam chamber 5, the hot water chamber 6, and the cyclone dust collector 7 in sequence. The hot water chamber 6 is periodically replenished to the low-pressure steam chamber 5 through the hot water return pipe 62 to compensate for the hot water loss.

[0077] The cyclone dust collector 7 includes a cyclone dust collection chamber 42 and a dust collection chamber 43. The exhaust pipe 44 is installed inside the cyclone dust collection chamber 42 and has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. A dust collection hole 46 is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collection chamber 42 and is located inside the dust collection chamber 43. A dust collection plate 45 is provided above the dust collection hole 46, and dust falls into the dust collection chamber 43 through the dust collection hole 46.

[0078] The spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 includes a spray chamber 49, a desulfurization chamber 54, and a denitrification chamber 56. The spray chamber 49 is connected to a connecting pipe 48. A water tank is installed inside the spray chamber 49, and several spray nozzles 50 are connected to the lower part of the water tank. A waste liquid collection port 52 is installed at the bottom of the spray chamber 49, and a wastewater collection bucket 51 is installed below the waste liquid collection port 52. The spray chamber 49 is connected to the desulfurization chamber 54 through a desulfurization inlet 53, and the desulfurization chamber 54 is connected to the denitrification chamber 56 through a denitrification inlet 55. The denitrification chamber 56 is connected to the water bath purification chamber 9 through a second exhaust pipe 102. The desulfurization chamber 54 uses activated carbon material, and the denitrification chamber 56 uses a mixture of activated carbon and iron oxide. Tap water is injected into the water tank, and the wastewater entering the wastewater collection bucket 51 through the waste liquid collection port 52 is evaporated and then reused in the spray chamber 49.

[0079] Under the action of the induced draft fan 47, the exhaust gas enters the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 through the exhaust pipe 44 and connecting pipe 48 of the cyclone dust collector 7. After dust is reduced by the spray of the nozzle 50, it enters the desulfurization chamber 54 through the desulfurization inlet 53, and then enters the denitrification chamber 56 through the denitrification inlet 55. After desulfurization and denitrification, the gas passes through the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10 in sequence, and then enters the gas collector 12 through the tail gas collection pipe 57 to collect carbon dioxide. Part of the remaining tail gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the tail gas return pipe 59, and the remaining gas enters the carbonization chamber 65 after the carbonization operation is completed through the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63 or is discharged through the tail gas emission port 60.

[0080] After the agricultural and forestry biomass waste in the carbonization chamber 65 is carbonized, the tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 on the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63 connected to the carbonization chamber 65 is opened, while the tail gas exhaust control valve 61 and the gas return valve 58 are closed. After the temperature inside the carbonization chamber 65 is lower than 200℃, the tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 is closed, while the tail gas exhaust control valve 61 and the gas return valve 58 are opened to complete the cooling of the carbonization chamber 65. After the carbonization chamber 65 is cooled, the push-pull plate 85 and the driver 86 are opened, and the roller 84 drives the carbonization plate 76 to transport the carbonized agricultural and forestry biomass char material into the collection pit 75. Then, the char discharge machine 67 is opened to complete the slag removal.

[0081] An exhaust gas monitoring box 11 is installed on the exhaust gas collection pipe 57. The exhaust gas monitoring box 11 is equipped with various gas monitoring probes, and data is collected once every 20-120 minutes. The left and right chambers of the biomass carbonization system, the metal pyrolysis recovery system, the high-pressure steam room 4, and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are each equipped with 2-6 pressure monitoring gauges 69 and 2-6 temperature monitoring gauges 70. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2, the low-pressure steam room 5, and the hot water room 6 are each equipped with 2-6 temperature monitoring gauges 70. The third exhaust pipe 41 is equipped with 1-2 temperature monitoring gauges 70.

[0082] The gas collector 12 uses a combination of upward exhaust and activated carbon pressure swing adsorption to collect carbon dioxide. First, upward exhaust is used to obtain carbon dioxide gas with a concentration higher than 50%, and then activated carbon pressure swing adsorption is used to obtain carbon dioxide gas with a concentration higher than 80%. The remaining exhaust gas enters the discharge pipe 103.

[0083] The outer surfaces of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are made of steel plates, with four layers of high-temperature insulation from the outside in: refractory cotton, refractory bricks, refractory cement, and refractory coating. The rated steam pressure of the high-pressure steam chamber 4 is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam chamber 5 is 1.0-2.0 MPa. This equipment enables the energy utilization of textile waste, traditional Chinese medicine residue, and urban sludge particles; the preparation of straw biochar and tree branch fuel char; and the recycling of metal zippers and aluminum. The equipment achieves an operating load of 0.5–5.0 tons / hour and near-zero pollutant emissions, demonstrating significant advantages compared to similar equipment. The exhaust gas pollutant emission indicators are shown in Table 1. NOx, HCl, and total volatile organic compounds are all below the detection limit, with monitoring results showing zero. Other indicators are below the national standard limits.

[0084] Table 1. Overview of Exhaust Emission Indicators

[0085] Note: The national standard limit for total volatile organic compounds adopts the limits of other industry indicators in the "Emission Control Standard for Volatile Organic Compounds of Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and the limits of other indicators adopt the limits in the "Pollution Control Standard for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration" (GB18485-2014).

[0086] Example 2: Taking the steam utilization of textile waste and the recycling of metal zippers as examples

[0087] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4, the device includes a feeding system, a solid waste heat treatment system, a steam utilization system, a tail gas purification and recovery system, and a metal pyrolysis recovery system. The solid waste heat treatment system includes a pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3. The steam utilization system includes a high-pressure steam room 4, a low-pressure steam room 5, and a hot water room 6. The tail gas purification and recovery system includes a cyclone dust collector 7, a spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8, a water bath purification chamber 9, an electrostatic precipitator 10, and a tail gas monitoring box 1. The metal pyrolysis recovery system includes a metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90, a spiral feed hopper 91, a feeding plate 92, a feeding trough 97, a feeding screw 98, and a slag discharger 93; the feeding system includes a feeding chamber 1, a gas separator 13, a pushing blower 14, a feeding box 15, a first conveyor belt 16, a feeding platform 17, a baffle plate 18, and a positioning plate 19; the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is equipped with a unidirectional grate 20, a discharge port 21, a front baffle plate 22, and a rear baffle plate 23. Plate 23, discharge hopper 24, and air inlet 25; the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are connected by a primary air inlet 27. The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. The left chamber is equipped with a combustion aid inlet 30, an air outlet 31, and a dust outlet 32. The right chamber is equipped with a dust outlet 32, an air inlet 38, and an additive inlet 39. The left and right chambers are connected by a secondary air inlet 29. The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 are connected by a first air pipe 4. The low-pressure steam room 5 and the hot water room 6 are connected by the second air duct 99. The hot water room 6 and the cyclone dust collector 7 are connected by the third exhaust pipe 41. The cyclone dust collector 7 and the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 are connected by the connecting pipe 48. The spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 and the water bath purification chamber 9 are connected by the exhaust pipe. The water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10 are connected by the second exhaust pipe 102. The electrostatic precipitator 10 and the gas collector 12 are connected by the exhaust gas collection pipe 57. A tail gas monitoring box 11 is installed on the tail gas collection pipe 57. The gas collector 12 is connected to the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the return fan 28 through the tail gas return pipe 59. The return fan 28 is connected to the air inlet 25 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the air inlet pipe 26. The metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90 includes a hot air inlet 73, a push-pull plate 85, a driver 86, a gas outlet 94, a bidirectional grate 95, and a material collection trough 96. The hot air in the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 enters the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90 through the hot air pipe 68 and the hot air inlet 73. The combustible gas generated in the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90 enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the gas outlet 94 and the biomass gas return pipe 71. The solid waste heat treatment system treats textile waste, and the metal pyrolysis recycling system treats zippers containing metal waste for clothing.

[0088] Textile waste enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the feeding system. The generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27. After completing the internal circulation of the system through the secondary air inlet 29, it enters the high-pressure steam chamber 4, the low-pressure steam chamber 5, the hot water chamber 6, and the cyclone dust collector 7 in sequence. The hot water chamber 6 replenishes the low-pressure steam chamber 5 periodically through the hot water return pipe 62. Under the action of the induced draft fan 47, the exhaust gas enters the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 through the exhaust pipe 44 and the connecting pipe 48 of the cyclone dust collector 7. After dust is reduced by the spray of the nozzle 50, it enters the desulfurization chamber 54 through the desulfurization inlet 53, and then enters the denitrification chamber 56 through the denitrification inlet 55. After desulfurization and denitrification, the gas passes through the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10 in sequence. Then, it enters the gas collector 12 through the tail gas collection pipe 57 to collect carbon dioxide. Part of the remaining tail gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the tail gas return pipe 59, and the remaining gas is discharged through the tail gas discharge port 60, which is a three-way pipe.

[0089] The gas separator 13 separates nitrogen from the air. The feed box 15 of the feeding system transports textile waste to the feeding chamber 1 via the first conveyor belt 16, and then the textile waste is transported to the feeding platform 17 via the second conveyor belt 110 inside the feeding chamber 1. The textile waste is blown into the unidirectional grate 20 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 by the pusher blower 14. The textile waste in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is pyrolyzed at 300-500℃. The combustible gas generated enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27 and is pyrolyzed at 850-900℃ for 3 seconds. During the high-temperature pyrolysis process, the left chamber adds combustion aid through the combustion aid inlet 30, and the right chamber adds biomass additives through the additive inlet 39. The first air pipe 40 between the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 adds biomass additives through the additive inlet 39.

[0090] The bottom of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is cleaned every 2 hours by a dust removal fan 33. The dust cover 34 is spring-loaded and only opens during cleaning to discharge dust into the dust storage pit 35. The bottom of the right chamber is cleaned every 12 hours through a dust discharge port 32, and the ash is discharged into the dust storage tank 36. The high-pressure steam room 4, low-pressure steam room 5, and hot water room 6 are cleaned every 2 days. The cyclone dust collector 7 includes a cyclone dust collection chamber 42 and an ash collection chamber 43. The exhaust pipe 44 in the cyclone dust collection chamber 42 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Dust falls into the ash collection chamber 43 through the dust settling hole 46, and the dust settling plate 45 is above the dust settling hole 46. The desulfurization room 54 uses activated carbon material, and the denitrification room 56 uses a mixture of activated carbon and iron oxide. The tail gas monitoring box 11 is equipped with probes for different monitoring gases, and data is collected every 20 minutes. The gas collector 12 collects carbon dioxide.

[0091] The outer surfaces of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are made of steel plates, and four layers of high-temperature insulation are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside: refractory cotton, refractory bricks, refractory cement, and refractory coating; the combustion aid inlet 30 adds a gas with an oxygen content of over 95%, and the addition amount is 0.2-35 mg / L. 3 / h; the additive added through the additive inlet 39 is a mixture of modified biochar, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand, with a mixing ratio of 1:0.03:0.15:0.10:0.03:0.06:0.03:0.05:0.35:0.08; the modified biochar is a mixture of iron oxide modified biochar and potassium permanganate modified biochar, with a mixing ratio of 1:0.2, The particle size is 0.5-2mm; the particle sizes of the diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon and river sand are 0.1-1.0mm, 0.01-0.1mm, 0.25-2.0mm, 0.25-1.0mm, 0.1-1.0mm, 0.25-5.0mm, 0.5-2.0mm, 0.1-2.0mm and 0.1-1.0mm respectively, and the activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon.

[0092] The hot air inlets 73 of the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90 are spaced 0.3m apart and inclined at a 3-degree angle towards the feeding direction of the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90; two gas outlets 94 are provided, located at both ends of the top of the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90; the metal-containing waste in the feeding trough 97 is conveyed to the screw feed hopper 91 through the feeding plate 92, and under the action of the feeding screw 98, the metal-containing waste is sent to the bidirectional grate 95. The driver 86 is turned on to fill the upper side of the grate with metal-containing waste, and the driver 86 is turned off at the same time; the hot air intake control valve 88 is turned on, and hot air enters the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90 to separate the metal-containing waste. At the same time, the biomass gas control valve 89 is turned on, and combustible gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas return pipe 71; after separation, the hot air intake control valve 88 is turned off, the driver 86 is turned on, and the push-pull plate 85 is pulled to discharge the separated metal-containing waste into the receiving trough 96, which is filled with 0.55 times its capacity of water.

[0093] The metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90 is equipped with two pressure monitoring gauges 69 and two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is equipped with two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are each equipped with two pressure monitoring gauges 69 and two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The high-pressure steam room 4 is equipped with two pressure monitoring gauges 69 and two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The hot water room 6 is equipped with two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The third exhaust pipe 41 between the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10 is equipped with one temperature monitoring gauge 70.

[0094] The secondary air volume entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the air inlet pipe 26 is 0.15 times the air volume of the pusher blower 14. The amount of gas returning to the gas collector 12 and the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is controlled by the gas return valve 58. The hot water in the hot water room 6 is replenished to the hot water loss in the high-pressure steam room 4 and the low-pressure steam room 5 through the hot water return pipe 62.

[0095] The textile waste has a moisture content of 15-20% and a calorific value of 4000-4500 kcal / kg, while the metal waste has a moisture content of less than 10%; the flow rate of the regulating fan 37 is 50 m³ / kg. 3 / h, hot air from the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is exhausted to the right chamber; tap water is injected into the spray chamber 49, and the wastewater enters the wastewater collection tank 51 through the waste liquid collection port 52 for evaporation treatment and is then reused in the spray chamber 49; the exhaust port 31 in the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is located on the right side, and the exhaust port 31 in the left chamber is located in the middle and on the right side, with the hot air flow rate discharged from the exhaust port 31 in the left chamber being 1.5 times that of the right chamber; the return air volume of the gas collector 12 is 0.15 times that of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, and the flow rate of the air inlet pipe 26 in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is 100m³ / h. 3 / h; The gas separator 13 uses membrane separation technology to remove nitrogen from the air. The separated gas has an oxygen content of 90-95% and enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 under the action of the pusher blower 14; The gas collector 12 uses a combination of upward exhaust method and activated carbon pressure swing adsorption method. First, the upward exhaust method is used to obtain CO2 gas with a concentration higher than 50%, and then activated carbon pressure swing adsorption method is used to obtain CO2 gas with a concentration higher than 80%; The rated steam pressure of the high-pressure steam chamber 4 is 2.5MPa, and the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam chamber 5 is 1.5MPa.

[0096] In this embodiment, the operating load of the device is 0.5 tons / hour, and the volume of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is 4.5 m³. 3 Other components are also included. Experimental results show that the thermal energy conversion rate of textile waste is as high as 86%-93%, and the metal content after purification is 89%-92%. This device reduces exhaust gas generation by 30-35%, exhaust gas treatment costs by 80-85%, CO2 recovery costs in exhaust gas by 30-36%, and improves operating efficiency by 40-45%, meeting the conditions for continuous operation. The exhaust gas pollutant emission indicators are shown in Table 2. NOx, HCl, and total volatile organic compounds are all below the detection limit, with monitoring indicators showing zero. Other indicators are also below the national standard limits.

[0097] Table 2. Overview of Exhaust Emission Indicators

[0098] Note: The national standard limit for total volatile organic compounds adopts the limits of other industry indicators in the "Emission Control Standard for Volatile Organic Compounds of Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and the limits of other indicators adopt the limits in the "Pollution Control Standard for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration" (GB18485-2014).

[0099] Example 3: Steam utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residue and preparation of straw biochar

[0100] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the device includes a feeding system, a solid waste heat treatment system, a steam utilization system, a tail gas purification and recovery system, and a biomass carbonization system. The solid waste heat treatment system includes a pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3. The steam utilization system includes a high-pressure steam room 4, a low-pressure steam room 5, and a hot water room 6. The tail gas purification and recovery system includes a cyclone dust collector 7, a spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8, a water bath purification chamber 9, an electrostatic precipitator 10, a tail gas monitoring box 11, and a gas collector 12. The biomass carbonization system includes a feeding system 66, a carbonization chamber 65, and a carbon discharge machine 67. The feeding system includes a feeding chamber 1, a gas separator 13, a pusher blower 14, and a feeding box 15. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is equipped with a conveyor belt, a feeding platform 17, a baffle plate 18, and a positioning plate 19. It also includes a unidirectional grate 20, a discharge port 21, a front baffle plate 22, a rear baffle plate 23, a discharge bin 24, and an air inlet 25. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are connected by a primary air vent 27. The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. The left chamber has a combustion aid inlet 30, an exhaust vent 31, and a dust outlet 32. The right chamber has a dust outlet 32, an air inlet 38, and an additive inlet 39. The left and right chambers are connected by a secondary air vent 29. The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 are connected by a first air duct 40. The low-pressure steam chamber 5 and the hot water chamber 6 are connected by... The hot water room 6 and the cyclone dust collector 7 are connected via the second exhaust pipe 99. The cyclone dust collector 7 and the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 are connected via the connecting pipe 48. The spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 and the water bath purification chamber 9 are connected via the second exhaust pipe 102. The water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10 are connected via the third exhaust pipe 41. The electrostatic precipitator 10 and the gas collector 12 are connected via the exhaust gas collection pipe 57. An exhaust gas monitoring box 11 is installed on the exhaust gas collection pipe 57. The gas collector 12 is connected to the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the return fan 28 via the exhaust gas return pipe 59. The return fan 28 is connected to the air inlet 25 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 via the air inlet pipe 26. The carbonization chamber 65 includes a biomass gas outlet 72, a hot air inlet 73, a heat-gathering plate 74, a collection pit 75, a carbonization plate 76, a roller 84, a push-pull plate 85, a driver 86, and a cooling gas inlet 87; the feeding system 66 includes a feeding platform 77, a feeding hopper 78, a feeding platform 79, a feeding belt 80, a feeding hopper 81, a pushing system 82, and a roller 83. Hot air from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 enters the carbonization chamber 65 through the hot air pipe 68 and the hot air inlet 73. The combustible gas generated in the carbonization chamber 65 enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas outlet 72 and the biomass gas return pipe 71; the solid waste heat treatment system treats Chinese medicinal residue, and the carbonization chamber 65 treats corn stalks.

[0101] The herbal residue enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the feeding system. The generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27, and after completing the internal circulation through the secondary air inlet 29, it sequentially enters the high-pressure steam chamber 4, the low-pressure steam chamber 5, the hot water chamber 6, and the cyclone dust collector 7. The hot water chamber 6 periodically replenishes the low-pressure steam chamber 5 through the hot water return pipe 62. Under the action of the induced draft fan 47, the exhaust gas enters the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 through the exhaust pipe 44 and connecting pipe 48 of the cyclone dust collector 7. After dust is reduced by the spray of the nozzles 50, it enters the desulfurization chamber 54 through the desulfurization inlet 53, and then enters the denitrification chamber 56 through the denitrification inlet 55. After desulfurization and denitrification, the gas sequentially passes through the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10, and then enters the gas collector 12 through the tail gas collection pipe 57 to collect carbon dioxide. A portion of the remaining tail gas passes through the tail gas return pipe 59. The remaining gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and then flows through the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63 into the carbonization chamber 65, where the carbonization process has been completed, or is discharged through the tail gas discharge port 60, which is a three-way pipe. After the corn stalks in the carbonization chamber 65 are carbonized, the tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 connecting the carbonization chamber 65 to the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63 is opened, while the tail gas discharge control valve 61 and the gas return valve 58 are closed. After the temperature inside the carbonization chamber 65 drops below 200°C, the tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 is closed, while the tail gas discharge control valve 61 and the gas return valve 58 are opened to complete the cooling of the carbonization chamber 65. After the carbonization chamber 65 is cooled, the push-pull plate 85 and the driver 86 are opened, and the roller 84 drives the carbonization plate 76 to transport the carbonized corn stalk biochar material into the collection pit 75. Then, the charcoal discharge machine 67 is opened to complete the slag removal.

[0102] The gas separator 13 separates nitrogen from the air. The feed box 15 of the feeding system transports the Chinese medicine residue to the feeding chamber 1 via the first conveyor belt 16, and then the second conveyor belt 110 inside the feeding chamber 1 transports the Chinese medicine residue to the feeding platform 17. The organic waste is blown into the unidirectional grate 20 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 by the pusher blower 14. The organic waste in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is pyrolyzed at 300-500℃. The generated combustible gas enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27 and is pyrolyzed at 900-1000℃ for 5 seconds. During the high-temperature pyrolysis process, the left chamber adds combustion aid through the combustion aid inlet 30, and the right chamber adds biomass additives through the additive inlet 39. The first air pipe 40 between the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 adds biomass additives through the additive inlet 39.

[0103] The bottom of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is cleaned every 6 hours by a dust removal fan 33. The dust cover 34 is spring-loaded and only opens during cleaning to discharge dust into the dust storage pit 35. The bottom of the right chamber is cleaned every 18 hours through a dust discharge port 32, and the ash is discharged into the dust storage tank 36. The high-pressure steam room 4, low-pressure steam room 5, and hot water room 6 are cleaned every 4 days. The cyclone dust collector 7 includes a cyclone dust collection chamber 42 and an ash collection chamber 43. The exhaust pipe 44 in the cyclone dust collection chamber 42 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Dust falls into the ash collection chamber 43 through the dust settling hole 46, and the dust settling plate 45 is above the dust settling hole 46. The desulfurization room 54 uses activated carbon material, and the denitrification room 56 uses a mixture of activated carbon and iron oxide. The tail gas monitoring box 11 is equipped with probes for different monitoring gases, and data is collected every 60 minutes. The gas collector 12 collects carbon dioxide.

[0104] The outer surfaces of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are made of steel plates, and four layers of high-temperature insulation are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside: refractory cotton, refractory bricks, refractory cement, and refractory coating. The combustion aid inlet 30 adds pine biochar powder with a calorific value of 5000-7500 kcal / kg at an addition rate of 0.2-0.45 kg / min. The additive inlet 39 adds a mixture of modified biochar, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand in a mixing ratio of 1:0.04:0.2:0.15:0.04:0.08:0.05. The ratio is 0.1:0.45:0.09; the modified biochar is a mixture of iron oxide modified biochar and potassium permanganate modified biochar, with a mixing ratio of 1:0.4 and a particle size of 0.5-2 mm; the particle sizes of the diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon and river sand are 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.01-0.1 mm, 0.25-2.0 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.25-5.0 mm, 0.5-2.0 mm, 0.1-2.0 mm and 0.1-1.0 mm respectively, and the activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon.

[0105] The hot air inlets 73 of the carbonization chamber 65 are spaced 0.5m apart and inclined at a 10-degree angle towards the feed inlet of the carbonization chamber 65; the heat-collecting plate 74 is arched, and the distance from the outlet to the feed side is 0.2 times the length of the internal space of the carbonization chamber 65; there are three biomass gas exhaust outlets 72, one located above the outlet of the heat-collecting plate 74, and the other two located at both ends of the top of the carbonization chamber 65; the feeding hopper 81 feeds the processed material through the feeding platform 79 into the feeding tipping hopper 78 via the top roller 83 driven by the motor, and the feeding tipping hopper 78 is a rotating feeding hopper. In an eccentric configuration, after the material falls onto the lower feeding platform 77, it is fed onto the carbonization plate 76 via the pushing system 82. The driver 86 is turned on, and the upper carbonization plate 76 is covered with corn stalks under the drive of the front and rear rollers 84. At the same time, the driver 86 is turned off. The hot air intake control valve 88 is turned on, and hot air enters the carbonization chamber 65. After an interval of 3 minutes, the biomass gas control valve 89 is turned on, and combustible gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas return pipe 71. After carbonization is completed, the tail gas is introduced for cooling. The driver 86 is turned on, and the push-pull plate 85 is pulled to discharge the carbonized biochar material into the collection pit 75.

[0106] The carbonization chamber 65 is equipped with two pressure monitoring gauges 69 and two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is equipped with two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are each equipped with two pressure monitoring gauges 69 and two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The high-pressure steam chamber 4 is equipped with two pressure monitoring gauges 69 and two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The hot water chamber 6 is equipped with two temperature monitoring gauges 70. The third exhaust pipe 41 between the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10 is equipped with one temperature monitoring gauge 70.

[0107] The secondary air volume entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the air inlet pipe 26 is 0.35 times the air volume of the pusher blower 14. The amount of gas returning to the gas collector 12 and the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is controlled by the gas return valve 58. The hot water in the hot water room 6 is replenished to the hot water loss in the high-pressure steam room 4 and the low-pressure steam room 5 through the hot water return pipe 62.

[0108] The medicinal herb residue has a moisture content of 12-18% and a calorific value of 3200-3500 kcal / kg. The agricultural and forestry biomass waste, corn stalks, is first pressed into granules, and the particle size is 10-30 mm when it is prepared into biochar. The raw material for preparing biochar from agricultural and forestry biomass waste has a moisture content of less than 20%, is first prepared into granules, and then dried.

[0109] The flow rate of the regulating fan 37 is 150m³. 3 / h, hot air from the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is exhausted to the right chamber; tap water is injected into the spray chamber 49, and the wastewater entering the wastewater collection tank 51 through the waste liquid collection port 52 is evaporated and then reused in the spray chamber 49; the exhaust port 31 in the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is located on the right side, and the exhaust port 31 in the left chamber is located in the middle and on the right side, and the hot air flow rate discharged from the exhaust port 31 in the left chamber is 2.2 times that of the right chamber; the return air volume of the gas collector 12 is 0.25 times that of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, and the flow rate of the air inlet pipe 26 in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is 300m³ / h. 3 / h; The gas separator 13 uses membrane separation technology to remove nitrogen from the air. The separated gas has an oxygen content of 92-97% and enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 under the action of the pusher blower 14; The gas collector 12 uses a combination of upward exhaust method and activated carbon pressure swing adsorption method. First, the upward exhaust method is used to obtain carbon dioxide gas with a concentration higher than 50%, and then activated carbon pressure swing adsorption method is used to obtain carbon dioxide gas with a concentration higher than 80%; The rated steam pressure of the high-pressure steam chamber 4 is 2.0 MPa, and the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam chamber 5 is 1.0 MPa.

[0110] In this embodiment, the operating load of the device is 1.0 ton / hour, and the volume of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is 8.0 m³. 3 Other components are also included. Experimental results show that the thermal energy conversion rate of Chinese herbal medicine residue is as high as 85%-90%, and the biochar yield is 32-35%. This device reduces tail gas production by 32-39%, reduces carbon dioxide recovery costs in tail gas by 35-45%, increases operating efficiency by 40-49%, reduces tail gas treatment costs by 85-92%, and enables continuous operation. The tail gas emission indicators are shown in Table 3. NOx, SO2, HCl, and total volatile organic compounds are all below the detection limit, with monitoring values ​​showing zero. Other indicators are also below the national standard limits.

[0111] Table 3. Summary of Exhaust Emission Indicators

[0112] Note: The national standard limit for total volatile organic compounds adopts the limits of other industry indicators in the "Emission Control Standard for Volatile Organic Compounds of Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and the limits of other indicators adopt the limits in the "Pollution Control Standard for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration" (GB18485-2014).

[0113] Example 4: Taking the steam utilization of urban sludge pellets and the preparation of tree branch charcoal as examples

[0114] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the device includes a feeding system, a solid waste heat treatment system, a steam utilization system, a tail gas purification and recovery system, and a biomass carbonization system. The solid waste heat treatment system includes a pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3. The steam utilization system includes a high-pressure steam room 4, a low-pressure steam room 5, and a hot water room 6. The tail gas purification and recovery system includes a cyclone dust collector 7, a spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8, a water bath purification chamber 9, an electrostatic precipitator 10, a tail gas monitoring box 11, and a gas collector 12. The biomass carbonization system includes a feeding system 66, a carbonization chamber 65, and a carbon discharge machine 67. The feeding system includes a feeding chamber 1, a gas separator 13, a pusher blower 14, a feed box 15, and a conveyor belt. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is equipped with a feeding platform 17, a baffle plate 18, and a positioning plate 19. It also includes a unidirectional grate 20, a discharge port 21, a front baffle plate 22, a rear baffle plate 23, a slag discharge bin 24, and an air inlet 25. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are connected by a primary air vent 27. The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. The left chamber has a combustion aid inlet 30, an exhaust vent 31, and a dust discharge vent 32. The right chamber has a dust discharge vent 32, an air inlet 38, and an additive inlet 39. The left and right chambers are connected by a secondary air vent 29. The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 are connected by a first air duct 40. The low-pressure steam chamber 5 and the hot water chamber 6 are connected by a second air duct 9. 9. Hot water chamber 6 and cyclone dust collector 7 are connected via the first exhaust pipe 101. Cyclone dust collector 7 and spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 are connected via connecting pipe 48. Spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 and water bath purification chamber 9 are connected via the second exhaust pipe 102. Water bath purification chamber 9 and electrostatic precipitator 10 are connected via the third exhaust pipe 41. Electrostatic precipitator 10 and gas collector 12 are connected via exhaust gas collection pipe 57. Exhaust gas monitoring box 11 is installed on exhaust gas collection pipe 57. Gas collector 12 is connected to high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and return fan 28 via exhaust gas return pipe 59. Return fan 28 is connected to air inlet 25 of pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 via air inlet pipe 26. Carbonization chamber 65 includes... The system includes a material gas exhaust port 72, a hot air inlet 73, a heat-gathering plate 74, a collection pit 75, a carbonization plate 76, a roller 84, a push-pull plate 85, a driver 86, and a cooling gas inlet 87; the feeding system 66 consists of a feeding platform 77, a feeding hopper 78, a feeding platform 79, a feeding belt 80, a feeding hopper 81, a pushing system 82, and a roller 83. Hot air from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 enters the carbonization chamber 65 through the hot air pipe 68 and the hot air inlet 73. The combustible gas generated in the carbonization chamber 65 enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas exhaust port 72 and the biomass gas return pipe 71; the solid waste heat treatment system treats urban sludge particles, and the agricultural and forestry biomass waste treated in the carbonization chamber 65 is pine branches.

[0115] The urban sludge particles enter the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the feeding system. The generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27, and after completing the internal circulation through the secondary air inlet 29, it sequentially enters the high-pressure steam chamber 4, the low-pressure steam chamber 5, the hot water chamber 6, and the cyclone dust collector 7. The hot water chamber 6 periodically replenishes the low-pressure steam chamber 5 through the hot water return pipe 62. Under the action of the induced draft fan 47, the exhaust gas enters the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 through the exhaust pipe 44 and connecting pipe 48 of the cyclone dust collector 7. After dust is reduced by the spray of the nozzles 50, it enters the desulfurization chamber 54 through the desulfurization inlet 53, and then enters the denitrification chamber 56 through the denitrification inlet 55. After desulfurization and denitrification, the gas sequentially passes through the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10, and then enters the gas collector 12 through the tail gas collection pipe 57 to collect carbon dioxide. A portion of the remaining tail gas passes through the tail gas return pipe. 59 enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2. The remaining gas enters the carbonization chamber 65 after carbonization through the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63 or is discharged through the tail gas discharge port 60, which is a three-way pipe. After the pine branches in the carbonization chamber 65 are carbonized, the tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 connecting the carbonization chamber 65 to the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63 is opened, while the tail gas discharge control valve 61 and the gas return valve 58 are closed. After the temperature in the carbonization chamber 65 is lower than 200°C, the tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 is closed, while the tail gas discharge control valve 61 and the gas return valve 58 are opened to complete the cooling of the carbonization chamber 65. After the carbonization chamber 65 is cooled, the push-pull plate 85 and the driver 86 are opened. The roller 84 drives the carbonization plate 76 to transport the carbonized pine branch fuel material to the collection pit 75. Then the charcoal discharge machine 67 is opened to complete the slag removal.

[0116] The gas separator 13 separates nitrogen from the air. The feed box 15 of the feeding system transports urban sludge granules to the feeding chamber 1 via the first conveyor belt 16. Then, the urban sludge granules are transported to the feeding platform 17 via the second conveyor belt 110 inside the feeding chamber 1. The urban sludge granules are blown into the unidirectional grate 20 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 by the pusher blower 14. The urban sludge granules in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 are pyrolyzed at 300-500℃. The combustible gas generated enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27 and is pyrolyzed at 850-950℃ for 4 seconds. During the high-temperature pyrolysis process, the left chamber adds combustion aid through the combustion aid inlet 30, and the right chamber adds biomass additives through the additive inlet 39. The first air pipe 40 between the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 adds biomass additives through the additive inlet 39.

[0117] The bottom of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is cleaned every 3 hours by a dust removal fan 33. The dust cover 34 is spring-loaded and only opens during cleaning to discharge dust into the dust storage pit 35. The bottom of the right chamber is cleaned every 15 hours through a dust discharge port 32, and the ash is discharged into the dust storage tank 36. The high-pressure steam room 4, low-pressure steam room 5, and hot water room 6 are cleaned every 3 days. The cyclone dust collector 7 includes a cyclone dust collection chamber 42 and an ash collection chamber 43. The exhaust pipe 44 in the cyclone dust collection chamber 42 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Dust falls into the ash collection chamber 43 through the dust settling hole 46, and the dust settling plate 45 is above the dust settling hole 46. The desulfurization room 54 uses activated carbon material, and the denitrification room 56 uses a mixture of activated carbon and iron oxide. The tail gas monitoring box 11 is equipped with probes for different monitoring gases, and data is collected every 120 minutes. The gas collector 12 collects carbon dioxide.

[0118] The outer surfaces of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are made of steel plates, and four layers of high-temperature insulation are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside: refractory cotton, refractory bricks, refractory cement, and refractory coating. The combustion aid inlet 30 adds coke powder with a calorific value of 7000-9000 kcal / kg at an addition rate of 0.35-0.85 kg / min. The additive inlet 39 adds a mixture of modified biochar, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand in a mixing ratio of 1:0.08:0.35:0.25:0.05:0.09:0.08:0 The modified biochar is a mixture of iron oxide modified biochar and potassium permanganate modified biochar, with a mixing ratio of 1:0.5 and a particle size of 0.5-2 mm. The particle sizes of the diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand are 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.01-0.1 mm, 0.25-2.0 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.25-5.0 mm, 0.5-2.0 mm, 0.1-2.0 mm, and 0.1-1.0 mm, respectively. The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon.

[0119] The hot air inlets 73 of the carbonization chamber 65 are spaced 1.0m apart and inclined at a 5-degree angle towards the feed inlet of the carbonization chamber 65; the heat-collecting plate 74 is arched, and the distance from the outlet to the feed side is 0.4 times the length of the space inside the carbonization chamber 65; there are three biomass gas exhaust outlets 72, one located above the outlet of the heat-collecting plate 74, and the other two located at both ends of the top of the carbonization chamber 65; the feeding hopper 81 feeds the processed material through the feeding platform 79 into the feeding tipping hopper 78 via the top roller 83 under the action of the motor, and the feeding tipping hopper 78 is an eccentric rotating feeder. In this process, after the material falls onto the feeding platform 77 below, it is fed onto the carbonization plate 76 through the pushing system 82. The driver 86 is turned on, and under the drive of the front and rear rollers 84, the upper carbonization plate 76 is filled with agricultural and forestry biomass waste. At the same time, the driver 86 is turned off. The hot air intake control valve 88 is turned on, and hot air enters the carbonization chamber 65. After an interval of 8 minutes, the biomass gas control valve 89 is turned on, and combustible gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas return pipe 71. After carbonization is completed, the tail gas is introduced for cooling. The driver 86 is turned on, and the push-pull plate 85 is pulled to discharge the carbonized biochar material into the collection pit 75.

[0120] The carbonization chamber 65 is equipped with four pressure monitoring gauges 69 and four temperature monitoring gauges 70. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is equipped with four temperature monitoring gauges 70. The left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are each equipped with four pressure monitoring gauges 69 and four temperature monitoring gauges 70. The high-pressure steam chamber 4 is equipped with four pressure monitoring gauges 69 and four temperature monitoring gauges 70. The hot water chamber 6 is equipped with four temperature monitoring gauges 70. The third exhaust pipe 41 between the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10 is equipped with one temperature monitoring gauge 70.

[0121] The secondary air volume entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the air inlet pipe 26 is 0.25 times the air volume of the pusher blower 14. The amount of gas returning to the gas collector 12 and the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is controlled by the gas return valve 58. The hot water in the hot water room 6 is replenished to the hot water loss in the high-pressure steam room 4 and the low-pressure steam room 5 through the hot water return pipe 62.

[0122] The urban sludge particles have a moisture content of 10-15% and a calorific value of 2000-3100 kcal / kg. The agricultural and forestry biomass waste is first compressed into particles with a diameter of 20-50 mm, and columnar particles with a diameter of 20-80 mm and a length of 100-300 mm. The agricultural and forestry biomass waste is used to prepare fuel char with a moisture content of less than 20%, and is first prepared into particles and then dried.

[0123] The flow rate of the regulating fan 37 is 300 m³ / s. 3 / h, hot air from the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is exhausted to the right chamber; tap water is injected into the spray chamber 49, and the wastewater entering the wastewater collection tank 51 through the waste liquid collection port 52 is evaporated and then reused in the spray chamber 49; the exhaust port 31 in the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is located on the right side, and the exhaust port 31 in the left chamber is located in the middle and on the right side, and the hot air flow rate discharged from the exhaust port 31 in the left chamber is 2.0 times that of the right chamber; the return air volume of the gas collector 12 is 0.2 times that of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, and the flow rate of the air inlet pipe 26 in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is 500m³ / h. 3 / h; The gas separator 13 uses membrane separation technology to remove nitrogen from the air. The separated gas has an oxygen content of 95-99% and enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 under the action of the pusher blower 14; The gas collector 12 uses a combination of upward exhaust method and activated carbon pressure swing adsorption method. First, the upward exhaust method is used to obtain carbon dioxide gas with a concentration higher than 50%, and then activated carbon pressure swing adsorption method is used to obtain carbon dioxide gas with a concentration higher than 80%; The rated steam pressure of the high-pressure steam chamber 4 is 3.0 MPa, and the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam chamber 5 is 1.99 MPa.

[0124] In this embodiment, the operating load of the device is 2.0 tons / hour, and the volume of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is 18m³. 3 Other components are also included. Experimental results show that the thermal energy conversion rate of urban sludge particles is as high as 85%-87%, and the calorific value of fuel char is as high as 4500-5300 kcal / kg. This device reduces exhaust gas production by 32-37%, exhaust gas treatment costs by 81-89%, CO2 recovery costs in exhaust gas by 32-36%, and improves operating efficiency by 43-50%, meeting the conditions for continuous operation. The exhaust gas pollutant emission indicators are shown in Table 4. NOx, HCl, and total volatile organic compounds are all below the detection limit, with monitoring indicators showing zero. Other indicators are also significantly lower than the national standard limits.

[0125] Table 4. Summary of Exhaust Emission Indicators

[0126] Note: The national standard limit for total volatile organic compounds adopts the limits of other industry indicators in the "Emission Control Standard for Volatile Organic Compounds of Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and the limits of other indicators adopt the limits in the "Pollution Control Standard for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration" (GB18485-2014).

[0127] Example 5: Taking the steam utilization of textile waste, the preparation of sunflower straw biochar, and the recycling of aluminum metal as examples

[0128] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the device includes a feeding system, a solid waste heat treatment system, a steam utilization system, a tail gas purification and recovery system, a biomass carbonization system, and a metal pyrolysis and recovery system. The solid waste heat treatment system includes a pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3. The steam utilization system includes a high-pressure steam room 4, a low-pressure steam room 5, and a hot water room 6. The tail gas purification and recovery system includes a cyclone dust collector 7, a spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8, a water bath purification chamber 9, an electrostatic precipitator 10, a tail gas monitoring box 11, and a gas collector 12. The biomass carbonization system includes a feeding system 66, a carbonization chamber 65, and a charcoal outlet 67. The metal... The pyrolysis recovery system includes a metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90, a spiral feed hopper 91, a feeding plate 92, a feed trough 97, a feed screw 98, and a slag discharger 93; the feeding system includes a feeding chamber 1, a gas separator 13, a pusher blower 14, a feed box 15, a conveyor belt, a feeding platform 17, a baffle plate 18, and a positioning plate 19; the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is equipped with a unidirectional grate 20, a discharge port 21, a front baffle plate 22, a rear baffle plate 23, a slag discharge bin 24, and an air inlet 25; the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are connected by a primary air inlet 27; the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. The first chamber is equipped with a combustion-supporting agent inlet 30, an exhaust vent 31, and a dust exhaust vent 32. The second chamber is equipped with a dust exhaust vent 32, an air inlet 38, and an additive inlet 39. The left and right chambers are connected by a secondary air vent 29. The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 are connected by a first air duct 40. The low-pressure steam chamber 5 and the hot water chamber 6 are connected by a second air duct 99. The hot water chamber 6 and the cyclone dust collector 7 are connected by a first exhaust pipe 101. The cyclone dust collector 7 and the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 are connected by a connecting pipe 48. The spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 and the water bath purification chamber 9 are connected by a second exhaust pipe 102. Chamber 9 and electrostatic precipitator 10 are connected by a third exhaust pipe 41. Electrostatic precipitator 10 and gas collector 12 are connected by a tail gas collection pipe 57. A tail gas monitoring box 11 is installed on the tail gas collection pipe 57. The gas collector 12 is connected to the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the return fan 28 through the tail gas return pipe 59. The return fan 28 is connected to the air inlet 25 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the air inlet pipe 26. The carbonization chamber 65 includes a biomass gas outlet 72, a hot air inlet 73, a heat-collecting plate 74, a collection pit 75, a carbonization plate 76, a roller 84, a push-pull plate 85, a driver 86, and a cooling gas inlet 87.The feeding system 66 comprises a feeding platform 77, a feeding hopper 78, a feeding platform 79, a feeding belt 80, a feeding hopper 81, a pushing system 82, and a reel 83. The metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 includes a hot air inlet 73, a push-pull plate 85, a driver 86, a gas outlet 94, a bidirectional grate 95, and a receiving trough 96. Hot air from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 enters the carbonization chamber 65 and the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 through the hot air pipe 68 and the hot air inlet 73. The combustible gas generated in the carbonization chamber 65 is passed through... The biomass gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas outlet 72 and the biomass gas return pipe 71. The combustible gas generated in the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the gas outlet 94 and the biomass gas return pipe 71. This device completes the thermal energy conversion of textile waste through the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2, the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, the high-pressure steam chamber 4, the low-pressure steam chamber 5, and the hot water chamber 6; it completes the carbonization process of sunflower stalks through the carbonization chamber 65; and it completes the separation of aluminum metal waste through the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90.

[0129] The textile waste enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the feeding system. The generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27, and after completing the internal circulation through the secondary air inlet 29, it sequentially enters the high-pressure steam chamber 4, the low-pressure steam chamber 5, the hot water chamber 6, and the cyclone dust collector 7. The hot water chamber 6 periodically replenishes the low-pressure steam chamber 5 through the hot water return pipe 62. Under the action of the induced draft fan 47, the exhaust gas enters the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber 8 through the exhaust pipe 44 and connecting pipe 48 of the cyclone dust collector 7. After dust is reduced by the spray of the nozzles 50, it enters the desulfurization chamber 54 through the desulfurization inlet 53, and then enters the denitrification chamber 56 through the denitrification inlet 55. After desulfurization and denitrification, the gas sequentially passes through the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10, and then enters the gas collector 12 through the tail gas collection pipe 57 to collect carbon dioxide. A portion of the remaining tail gas passes through the tail gas return pipe 5. 9. The gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2. The remaining gas enters the carbonization chamber 65 after carbonization through the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63 or is discharged through the tail gas discharge port 60, which is a three-way pipe. After the sunflower stalks in the carbonization chamber 65 are carbonized, the tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 connecting the carbonization chamber 65 to the tail gas cooling utilization pipe 63 is opened, while the tail gas discharge control valve 61 and the gas return valve 58 are closed. After the temperature in the carbonization chamber 65 is lower than 200°C, the tail gas cooling utilization control valve 64 is closed, while the tail gas discharge control valve 61 and the gas return valve 58 are opened to complete the cooling of the carbonization chamber 65. After the carbonization chamber 65 is cooled, the push-pull plate 85 and the driver 86 are opened. The roller 84 drives the carbonization plate 76 to transport the carbonized sunflower stalk biochar material to the collection pit 75. Then the charcoal discharge machine 67 is opened to complete the slag removal.

[0130] The gas separator 13 separates nitrogen from the air. The feed box 15 of the feeding system transports textile waste to the feeding chamber 1 via the first conveyor belt 16, and then the textile waste is transported to the feeding platform 17 via the second conveyor belt 110 inside the feeding chamber 1. The textile waste is blown into the unidirectional grate 20 of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 by the pusher blower 14. The textile waste in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is pyrolyzed at 300-500℃, and the generated combustible gas enters the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 through the primary air inlet 27 and is pyrolyzed at 850-950℃ for 3.5 seconds. During the high-temperature pyrolysis process, the left chamber adds combustion aid through the combustion aid inlet 30, and the right chamber adds biomass additives through the additive inlet 39. The first air pipe 40 between the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 and the high-pressure steam chamber 4 adds biomass additives through the additive inlet 39.

[0131] The bottom of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is cleaned every 3 hours by a dust removal fan 33. The dust cover 34 is spring-loaded and only opens during cleaning to discharge dust into the dust storage pit 35. The bottom of the right chamber is cleaned every 18 hours through a dust discharge port 32, and the ash is discharged into the dust storage tank 36. The high-pressure steam room 4, low-pressure steam room 5, and hot water room 6 are cleaned every 3.5 days. The cyclone dust collector 7 includes a cyclone dust collection chamber 42 and an ash collection chamber 43. The exhaust pipe 44 in the cyclone dust collection chamber 42 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Dust falls into the ash collection chamber 43 through the dust settling hole 46, and the dust settling plate 45 is above the dust settling hole 46. The desulfurization room 54 uses activated carbon material, and the denitrification room 56 uses a mixture of activated carbon and iron oxide. The tail gas monitoring box 11 is equipped with probes for different monitoring gases, and data is collected every 100 minutes. The gas collector 12 collects carbon dioxide.

[0132] The outer surfaces of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are made of steel plates, and four layers of high-temperature insulation are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside: refractory cotton, refractory bricks, refractory cement, and refractory coating. The combustion aid inlet 30 adds a gas with an oxygen content exceeding 95%. The additive inlet 39 adds a mixture of modified biochar, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand, with a mixing ratio of 1:0.05:0.19:0.16:0.04:0.07:0.06:0.09:0.38:0.09. The modified biochar is a mixture of iron oxide modified biochar and potassium permanganate modified biochar, with a mixing ratio of 1:0.42, and the particle size of each is 0.5-2 mm. The particle sizes of the diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon and river sand are 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.01-0.1 mm, 0.25-2.0 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.25-5.0 mm, 0.5-2.0 mm, 0.1-2.0 mm and 0.1-1.0 mm, respectively. The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon.

[0133] The hot air inlets 73 of the carbonization chamber 65 are spaced 0.8m apart and inclined at an 8-degree angle towards the feed inlet of the carbonization chamber 65; the heat-collecting plate 74 is arched, and the distance from the outlet to the feed side is 0.3 times the length of the space inside the carbonization chamber 65; there are three biomass gas exhaust outlets 72, one located above the outlet of the heat-collecting plate 74, and the other two located at both ends of the top of the carbonization chamber 65; the feeding hopper 81, through the top roller 83, feeds the processed material through the feeding platform 79 into the feeding tipping hopper 78 under the action of a motor. The feeding hopper 78 is a rotary eccentric type. After the material falls onto the feeding platform 77 below, it is fed onto the carbonization plate 76 through the pushing system 82. The drive 86 is turned on, and the upper carbonization plate 76 is filled with agricultural and forestry biomass waste under the drive of the front and rear rollers 84. At the same time, the drive 86 is turned off. The hot air intake control valve 88 is turned on, and hot air enters the carbonization chamber 65. After an interval of 3-8 minutes, the biomass gas control valve 89 is turned on, and combustible gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas return pipe 71. After carbonization is completed, tail gas is introduced for cooling, and the drive 88 is turned on. The actuator 86 pulls open the push-pull plate 85 to discharge the carbonized biochar material into the collection pit 75; the hot air inlets 73 of the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90 are spaced 0.5m apart and inclined at an 8-degree angle towards the feed inlet of the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90; two gas outlets 94 are provided, located at both ends of the top of the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber 90; the metal-containing waste in the feed trough 97 is conveyed to the screw feed hopper 91 through the feeding plate 92, and under the action of the feeding screw 98, the processed metal-containing waste is sent to the bidirectional grate 95, which is then opened. The actuator 86 is used to cover the upper side of the grate with metal-containing waste, and the actuator 86 is closed at the same time. The hot air inlet control valve 88 is opened, and hot air enters the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 to separate the metal-containing waste. At the same time, the biomass gas control valve 89 is opened, and combustible gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the biomass gas return pipe 71. After the separation is completed, the hot air inlet control valve 88 is closed, the actuator 86 is opened, and the push-pull plate 85 is pulled to discharge the separated metal-containing waste into the receiving trough 96. The receiving trough 96 is filled with water at 0.85 times its capacity.

[0134] The carbonization chamber 65 and the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber 90 are each equipped with 6 pressure monitoring gauges 69 and 6 temperature monitoring gauges 70. The pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is equipped with 6 temperature monitoring gauges 70. The left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 are each equipped with 6 pressure monitoring gauges 69 and 6 temperature monitoring gauges 70. The high-pressure steam room 4 is equipped with 6 pressure monitoring gauges 69 and 6 temperature monitoring gauges 70. The hot water room 6 is equipped with 6 temperature monitoring gauges 70. The third exhaust pipe 41 between the water bath purification chamber 9 and the electrostatic precipitator 10 is equipped with 2 temperature monitoring gauges 70.

[0135] The secondary air volume entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 through the air inlet pipe 26 is 0.30 times the air volume of the pusher blower 14. The amount of gas returning to the gas collector 12 and the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is controlled by the gas return valve 58. The hot water in the hot water room 6 is replenished to the hot water loss in the high-pressure steam room 4 and the low-pressure steam room 5 through the hot water return pipe 62.

[0136] The textile waste has a moisture content of 15-25% and a calorific value of 3300-4100 kcal / kg, while the aluminum waste has a moisture content of less than 10%. The sunflower stalks are first pressed into granules, and the particle size is 10-30 mm when they are made into biochar. The moisture content of the sunflower stalks used to make biochar is less than 20%, and they are first made into granules and then dried.

[0137] The flow rate of the regulating fan 37 is 500m³. 3 / h, hot air from the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is exhausted to the right chamber; tap water is injected into the spray chamber 49, and the wastewater entering the wastewater collection tank 51 through the waste liquid collection port 52 is evaporated and then reused in the spray chamber 49; the exhaust port 31 in the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3 is located on the right side, and the exhaust port 31 in the left chamber is located in the middle and on the right side, and the hot air flow rate discharged from the exhaust port 31 in the left chamber is 1.8 times that of the right chamber; the return air volume of the gas collector 12 is 0.24 times that of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 3, and the flow rate of the air inlet pipe 26 in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is 800m³ / h. 3 / h; The gas separator 13 uses membrane separation technology to remove nitrogen from the air. The separated gas has an oxygen content of 89-96% and enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 under the action of the pusher blower 14; The gas collector 12 uses a combination of upward exhaust method and activated carbon pressure swing adsorption method. First, the upward exhaust method is used to obtain carbon dioxide gas with a concentration higher than 50%, and then activated carbon pressure swing adsorption method is used to obtain carbon dioxide gas with a concentration higher than 80%; The rated steam pressure of the high-pressure steam chamber 4 is 2.5MPa, and the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam chamber 5 is 1.5MPa.

[0138] In this embodiment, the operating load of the device is 4.0 tons / hour, and the volume of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 2 is 35m³. 3 Other supporting components were also included. Experimental results showed that the thermal energy conversion rate of textile waste reached 85%-89%, the carbon yield of sunflower straw biochar exceeded 32-37%, the aluminum content after purification exceeded 80-85%, the amount of exhaust gas generated was reduced by 34-39%, the cost of exhaust gas treatment was reduced by 83-87%, the cost of carbon dioxide recovery from exhaust gas was reduced by 35-42%, and the operating efficiency was increased by 45-52%, meeting the conditions for continuous operation. The exhaust gas pollutant emission indicators are shown in Table 5. NOx, HCl, and total volatile organic compounds were all below the detection limit, and the monitoring indicators showed zero. Other indicators were also significantly lower than the national standard limits.

[0139] Table 5. Summary of Exhaust Emission Indicators

[0140] Note: The national standard limit for total volatile organic compounds adopts the limits of other industry indicators in the "Emission Control Standard for Volatile Organic Compounds of Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and the limits of other indicators adopt the limits in the "Pollution Control Standard for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration" (GB18485-2014).

[0141] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material preparation, characterized in that: It includes a feeding system, a solid waste heat treatment system, a steam utilization system, a tail gas purification and recovery system, a biomass carbonization system, and a metal pyrolysis recovery system. The solid waste heat treatment system includes a pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) and a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3). The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. The steam utilization system includes a high-pressure steam room (4), a low-pressure steam room (5), and a hot water room (6). The tail gas purification and recovery system includes a cyclone dust collector (7), a spray denitrification and denitrification chamber (8), a water bath purification chamber (9), an electrostatic precipitator (10), and a gas collector (12). The feeding system is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2). The pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) is connected to the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) through a primary air inlet (27). The left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) is connected to the right chamber through a secondary air inlet (29). The right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) is connected to the high-pressure steam room (4) through a first air pipe (40). The high-pressure steam room (4) is connected to the low-pressure steam room (5). The low-pressure steam room (5) is connected to the hot water room (6) through a second air pipe (99). The upper end of the hot water room (6) is connected to the low-pressure steam room (5) through a hot water return pipe (62). A return water valve (100) is installed on the hot water return pipe (62). The hot water room (6) is connected to the cyclone dust collector (7) through a first exhaust pipe (101). The exhaust pipe (44) of the cyclone dust collector (7) is connected to the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber (8) through a connecting pipe (48). The connecting pipe (48) is equipped with an induced draft fan (47). The spray denitrification and denitrification chamber (8) is connected to the water bath purification chamber (9) through the second exhaust pipe (102). The water bath purification chamber (9) is connected to the electrostatic precipitator (10) through the third exhaust pipe (41). The electrostatic precipitator (10) is connected to the gas collector (12) through the exhaust gas collection pipe (57). The gas collector (12) is connected to the discharge pipe (103). The discharge pipe (103) is connected to the exhaust gas return pipe (59) and the exhaust gas cooling utilization pipe (63). The end of the discharge pipe (103) is the exhaust gas discharge port (60). The discharge pipe (103) is equipped with an exhaust gas discharge control valve (61). The exhaust gas return pipe (59) is connected to the high-pressure exhaust pipe (60). The left and right chambers of the thermal pyrolysis chamber (3) and the reflux fan (28) are connected. The reflux fan (28) is connected to the air inlet (25) of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) through the air inlet pipe (26). The tail gas cooling utilization pipe (63) is connected to the biomass carbonization system. The tail gas cooling utilization pipe (63) is equipped with a tail gas cooling utilization control valve (64). Both the biomass carbonization system and the metal pyrolysis recovery system are equipped with hot air inlets (73). Two hot air pipes (68) are connected to both sides of the first air duct (40). The two hot air pipes (68) are respectively connected to the hot air inlets (73) of the biomass carbonization system and the metal pyrolysis recovery system. Each of the two hot air pipes (68) is equipped with a hot air inlet control valve (88).The biomass gasification system is provided with a biomass gas outlet (72), the metal pyrolysis recovery system is provided with a fuel gas outlet (94), the biomass gas outlet (72) and the fuel gas outlet (94) are connected with the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) through a biomass gas return pipe (71) respectively, and the biomass gas return pipe (71) is provided with a biomass gas control valve (89).

2. The integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass carbonization system includes a carbonization chamber (65), a first feeding system (66), and a carbon discharger (67). The side wall of the carbonization chamber (65) has a first feed inlet (104) and multiple hot air inlets (73), which are arranged opposite to each other. The first feed inlet (104) is connected to the first feeding system (66). Multiple biomass gas outlets (72) are provided at the top of the carbonization chamber (65), and a cooling gas inlet (87) is provided at the bottom of the carbonization chamber (65). The tail gas cooling utilization pipe (…) 63) Connected to the cooling gas inlet (87), the carbonization chamber (65) is provided with a carbonization plate (76), and rollers (84) are provided at both ends of the carbonization plate (76). The rollers (84) are connected to the driver (86). The front end of the carbonization plate (76) is close to the first feed port (104), and the end end is close to the collection pit (75). A push-pull plate (85) is provided above the collection pit (75). The collection pit (75) is connected to the carbon discharge machine (67). A heat-gathering plate (74) is provided above the carbonization plate (76). The heat-gathering plate (74) has an opening at the top.

3. The integrated device of claim 2, wherein: The spacing between the multiple hot air inlets (73) is 0.5-1.0m. The hot air inlets (73) are inclined at an angle of 5-10 degrees toward the first feed inlet (104). The heat-collecting plate (74) has an arched structure. The distance from the opening to the side of the first feed inlet (104) is 0.2-0.4 times the length of the space inside the carbonization chamber (65). There are three biomass gas outlets (72), one of which is located above the opening of the heat-collecting plate (74), and the other two are located at the top two ends of the carbonization chamber (65).

4. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first feeding system (66) includes a feeding platform (77), a feeding hopper (78), a feeding platform (79), a feeding belt (80), a feeding hopper (81), a pushing system (82), and a reel (83). The feeding belt (80) is provided with reels (83) on both sides. One end of the feeding belt (80) is located in the feeding hopper (81), and the other end is located on the feeding platform (79). The feeding platform (79) is provided with a feeding hopper (78) at one end. The feeding hopper (78) is located above the feeding platform (77). The feeding hopper (78) is a feeding rotation eccentric form. The feeding platform (79) is provided with a pushing system (82). The output end of the pushing system (82) is located on the feeding platform (77). The feeding platform (77) is connected to the first feed port (104).

5. The integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal pyrolysis recovery system includes a metal recovery pyrolysis chamber (90), a slag discharger (93), and a second feeding system (105). The metal recovery pyrolysis chamber (90) has a second feed inlet (106) and multiple hot air inlets (73) on its side wall. The second feed inlet (106) and the multiple hot air inlets (73) are arranged opposite to each other. The second feed inlet (106) is connected to the second feeding system (105). Multiple hot air inlets are located on the top of the metal recovery pyrolysis chamber (90). Gas outlet (94), the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber (90) is equipped with a bidirectional grate (95), the bidirectional grate (95) is connected to the driver (86), the front end of the bidirectional grate (95) is close to the second feed port (106), the end is close to the receiving trough (96), a push-pull plate (85) is provided above the receiving trough (96), the receiving trough (96) is filled with 0.55-0.85 times the volume of water, and the receiving trough (96) is connected to the slag discharger (93).

6. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spacing between the multiple hot air inlets (73) is 0.3-0.5m. The hot air inlets (73) are inclined at an angle of 3-8 degrees toward the second feed inlet (106). There are two gas outlets (94), which are located at the top and bottom of the metal recycling pyrolysis chamber (90).

7. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second feeding system (105) includes a spiral feed hopper (91), a feeding plate (92), a feeding trough (97), and a feeding screw (98). One end of the feeding plate (92) is disposed in the feeding trough (97), and the other end is disposed on the spiral feed hopper (91). The spiral feed hopper (91) is provided with a feeding screw (98), and the feeding screw (98) is connected to the second feed port (106).

8. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) is equipped with a one-way grate (20). The front end of the one-way grate (20) is close to the feeding system, and the end end is close to the discharge port (21). A discharge bin (24) is provided below the discharge port (21). A front baffle (22) and a rear baffle (23) are provided above the one-way grate (20). Both the front baffle (22) and the rear baffle (23) are arc-shaped structures. The air inlet (25) is opened between the front baffle (22) and the rear baffle (23).

9. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: Two exhaust vents (31) are provided above the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3). The two exhaust vents (31) of the left chamber are located in the middle and on the right side of the left chamber. One exhaust vent (31) is provided above the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3). The exhaust vent (31) of the right chamber is located on the right side of the right chamber. Hot air is discharged from the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) through the exhaust vents (31). All exhaust vents (31) are connected to the exhaust gas return pipe (59) through exhaust connection pipes. Gas return valves (58) are provided on the exhaust connection pipes and the exhaust gas return pipe (59).

10. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hot air flow rate discharged from the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) is 1.5-2.2 times that of the right chamber, and the air flow rate returned by the gas collector (12) through the tail gas return pipe (59) is 0.15-0.25 times that of the hot air discharged from the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3).

11. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) is provided with an additive inlet (30), and the top and side wall of the first air duct (40), the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) are provided with additive inlets (39).

12. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 11, characterized in that: The combustion aid is added at the inlet (30), and the combustion aid is a gas with an oxygen content of more than 95% or a solid fuel with a calorific value of 5000-9000 kcal / kg.

13. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production of claim 11, wherein: Additives are added through the additive inlet (39). The additives are a mixture of modified biochar, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon and river sand, with a mixing ratio of 1:(0.03-0.08):(0.15-0.35):(0.10-0.25):(0.03-0.05):(0.06-0.09):(0.03-0.08):(0.05-0.12):(0.35-0.55):(0.08-0.12).

14. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 13, characterized in that: The modified biochar is a mixture of iron oxide modified biochar and potassium permanganate modified biochar, with a mixing ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5), and the particle size of all components is 0.5-2 mm. The particle sizes of the diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder, quartz sand, manganese sand, bluestone powder, sandstone, volcanic rock, activated carbon, and river sand are 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.01-0.1 mm, 0.25-2.0 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.1-1.0 mm, 0.25-5.0 mm, 0.5-2.0 mm, 0.1-2.0 mm, and 0.1-1.0 mm, respectively. The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon.

15. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the left and right chambers of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3), the high-pressure steam room (4), the low-pressure steam room (5), and the hot water room (6) are all provided with dust discharge ports (32). The dust discharge port (32) at the bottom of the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) is connected to the dust storage pit (35) through a dust pipe (107). A dust removal fan (33) is provided on the dust pipe (107). A dust cover (34) is provided at the end of the dust pipe (107). The dust cover (34) is spring-connected. A dust storage tank (36) is provided below the dust discharge port (32) at the bottom of the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3).

16. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) has an air outlet (108) at the lower left chamber and an air inlet (38) at the lower right chamber. The air outlet (108) and the air inlet (38) are connected by a flow regulating duct (109), and a flow regulating fan (37) is installed on the flow regulating duct (109).

17. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The feeding system includes a feeding chamber (1), a gas separator (13), a pusher blower (14), a feeding box (15), a first conveyor belt (16), and a feeding platform (17). One end of the first conveyor belt (16) is located inside the feeding box (15), and the other end is located on the feeding chamber (1). A second conveyor belt (110) is located inside the feeding chamber (1). The end of the second conveyor belt (110) is close to the feeding platform (17). The gas separator (13) is connected to the pusher blower (14). The outlet of the pusher blower (14) is located on the feeding platform (17). The feeding platform (17) is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2).

18. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 17, characterized in that: The gas separator (13) uses membrane separation technology to separate nitrogen from the air, and other gases in the air enter the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) through the pusher blower (14).

19. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 18, characterized in that: The air volume entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) through the air inlet pipe (26) is 0.15-0.35 times the air volume of the pusher blower (14).

20. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production of claim 17, wherein: Positioning plates (19) are provided above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) and above the second conveyor belt (110) in the feeding chamber (1), and baffle plates (18) are provided above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2).

21. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The cyclone dust collector (7) includes a cyclone dust collection chamber (42) and a dust collection chamber (43). The exhaust pipe (44) is installed inside the cyclone dust collection chamber (42). The exhaust pipe (44) has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. A dust collection hole (46) is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collection chamber (42). The dust collection hole (46) is located inside the dust collection chamber (43). A dust collection plate (45) is provided above the dust collection hole (46).

22. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The spray denitrification and denitrification chamber (8) includes a spray chamber (49), a desulfurization chamber (54), and a denitrification chamber (56). The spray chamber (49) is connected to a connecting pipe (48). A water tank is installed inside the spray chamber (49). Several nozzles (50) are connected to the lower part of the water tank. A waste liquid collection port (52) is installed at the bottom of the spray chamber (49). A wastewater collection bucket (51) is installed below the waste liquid collection port (52). The spray chamber (49) is connected to the desulfurization chamber (54) through a desulfurization inlet (53). The desulfurization chamber (54) is connected to the denitrification chamber (56) through a denitrification inlet (55). The denitrification chamber (56) is connected to the water bath purification chamber (9) through a second exhaust pipe (102).

23. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery and carbon material production according to claim 22, characterized in that: The desulfurization chamber (54) uses activated carbon material, and the denitrification chamber (56) uses a mixture of activated carbon and iron oxide.

24. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The exhaust gas collection pipe (57) is equipped with an exhaust gas monitoring box (11), and the exhaust gas monitoring box (11) is equipped with a variety of gas monitoring probes.

25. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The biomass carbonization system, the metal pyrolysis recovery system, the high-pressure steam room (4), and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) are each equipped with 2-6 pressure monitoring gauges (69) and 2-6 temperature monitoring gauges (70) on the left and right chambers. The pyrolysis gasification chamber (2), the low-pressure steam room (5), and the hot water room (6) are each equipped with 2-6 temperature monitoring gauges (70). The third exhaust pipe (41) is equipped with 1-2 temperature monitoring gauges (70).

26. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The gas collector (12) uses a combination of upward exhaust and activated carbon pressure swing adsorption to collect carbon dioxide, and the remaining exhaust gas enters the discharge pipe (103).

27. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The outer sides of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) are made of steel plates, and refractory cotton, refractory bricks, refractory cement and refractory coating are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

28. The integrated apparatus for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The rated steam pressure of the high-pressure steam chamber (4) is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam chamber (5) is 1.0-2.0 MPa.

29. A method of using the integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material preparation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Organic solid waste enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) through the feeding system. The generated pyrolysis gas enters the left chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) through the primary air vent (27) and the right chamber of the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) through the secondary air vent (29). After completing the internal circulation of the solid waste heat treatment system, it enters the high-pressure steam room (4), the low-pressure steam room (5) and the hot water room (6) in sequence. The organic solid waste heat energy conversion is completed through the solid waste heat treatment system and the steam utilization system. The solid waste heat treatment system operates simultaneously with the biomass carbonization system and / or the metal pyrolysis recovery system. Hot air in the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber (3) enters the biomass carbonization system and / or the metal pyrolysis recovery system through the hot air pipe (68). Agricultural and forestry biomass waste is placed in the biomass carbonization system and carbonized to produce biochar or fuel char. Metal waste is placed in the metal pyrolysis recovery system and separated to achieve metal recovery. Combustible gas generated by the biomass carbonization system enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) through the biomass gas outlet (72) and the biomass gas return pipe (71). Combustible gas generated by the metal pyrolysis recovery system enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) through the gas outlet (94) and the biomass gas return pipe (71). The exhaust gas discharged from the hot water room (6) enters the cyclone dust collector (7), and enters the spray denitrification and denitrification chamber (8) under the action of the induced draft fan (47). After dust reduction, denitrification and denitrification treatment, the exhaust gas enters the water bath purification chamber (9), electrostatic dust collector (10) and gas collector (12) in sequence. Carbon dioxide is collected in the gas collector (12). The remaining part of the exhaust gas enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber (2) through the exhaust gas return pipe (59). The remaining exhaust gas enters the biomass carbonization system that has completed the carbonization operation through the exhaust gas cooling utilization pipe (63) or is discharged through the discharge pipe (103).

30. The method of using the integrated device for organic solid waste treatment, metal recovery, and carbon material production of claim 1, wherein: The organic solid waste has a moisture content of less than 25% and a calorific value of more than 2000 kcal / kg, the metal waste has a moisture content of less than 10%, and the agricultural and forestry biomass waste has a moisture content of less than 20%. It is first prepared into granules, then dried. When prepared into biochar, the particle size is 10-30 mm. When prepared into fuel char, the particle size is 20-50 mm, or the columnar diameter and length are 20-80 mm and 100-300 mm, respectively.

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