Shared resources utilization in wireless communications
Semi-static and dynamic spectrum sharing methods, including AI/ML-driven adaptations, address the inefficiencies in 3GPP and non-3GPP system coexistence, enhancing resource utilization and network performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing coexistence mechanisms for different radio access technologies (RATs) such as 3GPP and non-3GPP systems are insufficient for efficient spectrum sharing, leading to challenges in achieving coexistence and optimizing resource utilization.
Implementing methods for determining and utilizing shared spectrum resources through semi-static and dynamic spectrum sharing, including AI/ML-driven adaptations, beam management, and adaptive resource allocation to manage interference and optimize resource utilization between 3GPP and non-3GPP systems.
Enhances spectrum sharing and resource utilization efficiency by minimizing interference and optimizing communication between 3GPP and non-3GPP systems, improving overall network performance.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025080607_11062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SHARED RESOURCES UTILIZATION IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This document is directed generally to shared resources utilization in wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] In some wireless communication systems, spectrum sharing for different radio access technologies (RATs) may be implemented to improve the efficiency of spectrum utilization. New Radio (NR) is designed to support flexible operation by allowing for co-existence with other RATs, such as Long-Term Evolution (LTE) . Some NR frequency bands in Frequency Range 1 (FR1) have been used for LTE carriers. Correspondingly, mechanisms for NR-LTE coexistence, e.g., NR downlink (DL) / uplink (UL) transmission within the bandwidth of an LTE carrier, are supported without impacting LTE devices. To achieve NR-LTE coexistence in the same bandwidth, higher-layer signaling is supported in NR to configure reserved resources to be used by LTE. This enables not only the coexistence between NR and normal LTE, but also the coexistence between NR and LTE for machine type communication (MTC) and / or narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) . However, such existing coexistence mechanisms for NR and LTE may be insufficient to achieve co-existence for different RATs, such as 3GPP and non-3GPP systems. As such, other or additional ways to achieve coexistence for different RATs, such as 3GPP and non-3GPP systems, and / or ways to utilize a shared spectrum, may be desirable.SUMMARY
[0003] This document relates to methods, systems, apparatuses and devices for wireless communication. In some implementations, a method for wireless communication includes: determining, by a communication node, resources on a shared spectrum for communication; and communicating, by the communication node, at least one signal and / or at least one channel on the resources,
[0004] wherein the communication node comprises a network device or a user device.
[0005] In some other implementations, a device, such as a network device, is disclosed. The device may include one or more processors and one or more memories, wherein the one or more processors are configured to read computer code from the one or more memories to implement any of the methods above.
[0006] In yet some other implementations, a computer program product is disclosed. The computer program product may include a non-transitory computer-readable program medium with computer code stored thereupon, the computer code, when executed by one or more processors, causing the one or more processors to implement any of the methods above.
[0007] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an example of a wireless communication system.
[0009] FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of an example method of wireless communication.
[0010] FIG. 3 is a time-frequency plot of an example implementation of resources in a shared spectrum for communication according to a first and second communication systems.
[0011] FIG. 4 is a time-frequency plot of an example implementation of resources in a shared spectrum for communication according to a first and second communication systems.
[0012] FIG. 5 is a time-power plot of an example implementation of resources in a shared spectrum for communication.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The present description describes various embodiments of systems, apparatuses, devices, and methods for wireless communications related to shared resources and / or spectrum sharing.
[0014] Fig. 1 shows a diagram of an example wireless communication system 100 including a plurality of communication nodes (or just nodes) that are configured to wirelessly communicate with each other. In general, the communication nodes include at least one user device 102 and at least one network device 104. The example wireless communication system 100 in Fig. 1 is shown as including two user devices 102, including a first user device 102 (1) and a second user device 102 (2) , and one device 104. However, various other examples of the wireless communication system 100 that include any of various combinations of one or more user devices 102 and / or one or more network devices 104 may be possible.
[0015] In general, a user device as described herein, such as the user device 102, may include a single electronic device or apparatus, or multiple (e.g., a network of) electronic devices or apparatuses, capable of communicating wirelessly over a network. A user device may comprise or otherwise be referred to as a user terminal, a user terminal device, or a user equipment (UE) . Additionally, a user device may be or include, but not limited to, a mobile device (such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a smart watch, a tablet, a laptop computer, vehicle or other vessel (human, motor, or engine-powered, such as an automobile, a plane, a train, a ship, or a bicycle as non-limiting examples) or a fixed or stationary device, (such as a desktop computer or other computing device that is not ordinarily moved for long periods of time, such as appliances, other relatively heavy devices including Internet of things (IoT) , or computing devices used in commercial or industrial environments, as non-limiting examples) . In various embodiments, a user device 102 may include transceiver circuitry 106 coupled to an antenna 108 to effect wireless communication with the network device 104. The transceiver circuitry 106 may also be coupled to a processor 110, which may also be coupled to a memory 112 or other storage device. The memory 112 may store therein instructions or code that, when read and executed by the processor 110, cause the processor 110 to implement various ones of the methods described herein.
[0016] Additionally, in general, a network device as described herein, such as the network device 104, may include a single electronic device or apparatus, or multiple (e.g., a network of) electronic devices or apparatuses, and may comprise one or more wireless access nodes, base stations, or other wireless network access points capable of communicating wirelessly over a network with one or more user devices and / or with one or more other network devices 104. For example, the network device 104 may comprise a 4G LTE base station, a 5G NR base station, a 5G central-unit base station, a 5G distributed-unit base station, a next generation Node B (gNB) , an enhanced Node B (eNB) , or other similar or next-generation (e.g., 6G) base stations, in various embodiments. A network device 104 may include transceiver circuitry 114 coupled to an antenna 116, which may include an antenna tower 118 in various approaches, to effect wireless communication with the user device 102 or another network device 104. The transceiver circuitry 114 may also be coupled to one or more processors 120, which may also be coupled to a memory 122 or other storage device. The memory 122 may store therein instructions or code that, when read and executed by the processor 120, cause the processor 120 to implement one or more of the methods described herein.
[0017] In various embodiments, two communication nodes in the wireless system 100-such as a user device 102 and a network device 104, two user devices 102 without a network device 104, or two network devices 104 without a user device 102-may be configured to wirelessly communicate with each other in or over a mobile network and / or a wireless access network according to one or more standards and / or specifications. In general, the standards and / or specifications may define the rules or procedures under which the communication nodes can wirelessly communicate, which, in various embodiments, may include those for communicating in millimeter (mm) -Wave bands, and / or with multi-antenna schemes and beamforming functions. In addition or alternatively, the standards and / or specifications are those that define a radio access technology and / or a cellular technology, such as Fourth Generation (4G) Long Term Evolution (LTE) , Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) , or New Radio Unlicensed (NR-U) , as non-limiting examples.
[0018] Additionally, in the wireless system 100, the communication nodes are configured to wirelessly communicate signals between each other. In general, a communication in the wireless system 100 between two communication nodes can be or include a transmission or a reception, and is generally both simultaneously, depending on the perspective of a particular node in the communication. For example, for a given communication between a first node and a second node where the first node is transmitting a signal to the second node and the second node is receiving the signal from the first node, the first node may be referred to as a source or transmitting node or device, the second node may be referred to as a destination or receiving node or device, and the communication may be considered a transmission for the first node and a reception for the second node. Of course, since communication nodes in a wireless system 100 can both send and receive signals, a single communication node may be both a transmitting / source node and a receiving / destination node simultaneously or switch between being a source / transmitting node and a destination / receiving node.
[0019] Also, particular signals can be characterized or defined as either an uplink (UL) signal, a downlink (DL) signal, or a sidelink (SL) signal. An uplink signal is a signal transmitted from a user device 102 to a network device 104. A downlink signal is a signal transmitted from a network device 104 to a user device 102. A sidelink signal is a signal transmitted from a one user device 102 to another user device 102, or a signal transmitted from one network device 104 to another network device 104. Also, for sidelink transmissions, a first / source user device 102 directly transmits a sidelink signal to a second / destination user device 102 without any forwarding of the sidelink signal to a network device 104.
[0020] Additionally, signals communicated between communication nodes in the system 100 may be characterized or defined as a data signal or a control signal. In general, a data signal is a signal that includes or carries data, such multimedia data (e.g., voice and / or image data) , and a control signal is a signal that carries control information that configures the communication nodes in certain ways in order to communicate with each other, or otherwise controls how the communication nodes communicate data signals with each other. Also, certain signals may be defined or characterized by combinations of data / control and uplink / downlink / sidelink, including uplink control signals, uplink data signals, downlink control signals, downlink data signals, sidelink control signals, and sidelink data signals.
[0021] For at least some specifications, such as 5G NR, data and control signals are transmitted and / or carried on physical channels. Generally, a physical channel corresponds to a set of time-frequency resources used for transmission of a signal. Different types of physical channels may be used to transmit different types of signals. For example, physical data channels (or just data channels) , also herein called traffic channels, are used to transmit data signals, and physical control channels (or just control channels) are used to transmit control signals. Example types of traffic channels (or physical data channels) include, but are not limited to, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) used to communicate downlink data signals, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) used to communicate uplink data signals, and a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) used to communicate sidelink data signals. In addition, example types of physical control channels include, but are not limited to, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) used to communicate downlink control signals, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) used to communicate uplink control signals, and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) used to communicate sidelink control signals. As used herein for simplicity, unless specified otherwise, a particular type of physical channel is also used to refer to a signal that is transmitted on that particular type of physical channel, and / or a transmission on that particular type of transmission. As an example illustration, a PDSCH refers to the physical downlink shared channel itself, a downlink data signal transmitted on the PDSCH, or a downlink data transmission. Accordingly, a communication node transmitting or receiving a PDSCH means that the communication node is transmitting or receiving a signal on a PDSCH.
[0022] Additionally, for at least some specifications, such as 5G NR, and / or for at least some types of control signals, a control signal that a communication node transmits may include control information comprising the information necessary to enable transmission of one or more data signals between communication nodes, and / or to schedule one or more data channels (or one or more transmissions on data channels) . For example, such control information may include the information necessary for proper reception, decoding, and demodulation of a data signals received on physical data channels during a data transmission, and / or for uplink scheduling grants that inform the user device about the resources and transport format to use for uplink data transmissions. In some embodiments, the control information includes downlink control information (DCI) that is transmitted in the downlink direction from a network device 104 to a user device 102. In other embodiments, the control information includes uplink control information (UCI) that is transmitted in the uplink direction from a user device 102 to a network device 104, or sidelink control information (SCI) that is transmitted in the sidelink direction from one user device 102 (1) to another user device 102(2) .
[0023] Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an example method 200 for wireless communication related to shared resources. At block 202, a communication node (anetwork device 104 or a user device 102) determines resources on a shared spectrum for communication. At block 204, the communication node communicates (transmits and / or receives) at least one signal and / or at least one channel on the resources.
[0024] In some implementations of the method 200, the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by semi-static spectrum sharing. In some of these implementations, at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern in at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain is predefined or configured. In some of these implementations, zero power is configured or predefined for a time duration within a time period applied to the resources on the shared spectrum for communication, wherein the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or the at least one available resource pattern is determined by the time period comprising at least one time duration within the time period, and the at least one time duration comprises the time duration. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, a time gap in a time period of the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern is configured or predefined independent from at least one time duration within the time period. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, a time gap in a time period of the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern is configured or predefined in at least one time duration within the time period.
[0025] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by dynamic spectrum sharing.
[0026] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, the communication node uses a same spectrum access system to determine the resources on the shared spectrum, and the same spectrum access system is used based on at least one priority.
[0027] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, the communication node adjusts, or activates or deactivates, the resources on the shared spectrum.
[0028] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, the communication node: deactivates at least one of a cell, a carrier, a bandwidth part (BWP) , or a resource block (RB) group corresponding to the resources on the shared spectrum in response to an interference reaching or exceeding a predetermined or configured threshold; or activates the at least one of the cell, the carrier, the BWP, or the RB group corresponding to the resources in response to the interference being lower than the predetermined or configured threshold.
[0029] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, frequency resources to activate and / or deactivate are indicated through a secondary cell (SCell) activation or deactivation.
[0030] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, frequency resources are indicated through bandwidth part (BWP) or resource block (RB) group dormancy or switching.
[0031] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, secondary cell (SCell) activation or deactivation, or BWP or RB group dormancy or switching, is performed using a cell-specific downlink control information (DCI) or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) .
[0032] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, the communication node uses the shared spectrum as a subband or one or more available and / or unavailable resource block (RB) sets. In some of these implementations, the communication node comprises the network device 104, and the network device indicates, to a user device 102, how to adjust the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the communication node comprises the user device 102, and the user device 102 receives an indication how to adjust the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets; and in response to the indication, determines one or more available physical resource blocks (PRBs) based on an intersection between an active bandwidth part (BWP) and the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets.
[0033] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, the dynamic spectrum sharing includes adaptive resource allocation or adjustment. In some of these implementations, the adaptive resource allocation or adjustment is performed based on at least one of: slot-level adaptation, bandwidth adaptation, or guard band adaptation.
[0034] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, the dynamic spectrum sharing includes adaptive power and / or beam adjustment. In some of these implementations, the adaptive power and / or beam adjustment includes power reduction through adjustment of at least one beam.
[0035] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) -driven adaptation. In some of these implementations, the AI / ML-driven adaptation is performed based on AI-assisted beam selection and / or AI-assisted beam management. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the AI-assisted beam selection and / or AI-assisted beam management includes at least one of: performing beamforming and / or null-steering based on historical and / or real-time data associated with incumbent activity; or determining beam directions based on user device mobility data.
[0036] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200, at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or the at least one available resource pattern in at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain is adjusted based on artificial intelligence (AI) prediction. In some of these implementations, the AI prediction is performed based on at least one data set of at least one incumbent, wherein the at least one data set comprises at least one resource in at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain.
[0037] Other methods and / or other implementations of the method 200 are possible, including but not limited to those that include fewer than all of the aspects for an above recited implementation of the method 200.
[0038] Further details of actions performed by communication nodes in the wireless communication system 100, any or all of which may be implemented in any of various implementations of the method 200, or other methods, are now described.
[0039] As used herein, incumbents, such as but not limited to those operating in the 7-8 Gigahertz (GHz) range, and which may include but are not limited to those owned or operated by a government, may be classified into three categories: (1) Fixed services (FS) , e.g. point-to-point (P-P) links; (2) satellite incumbents, such as a satellite service (e.g. Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) , Earth Exploration Satellite Service (EESS) , Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) , Space Research Service (SRS) , Meteorological Satellite Service (MetSat) , Maritime Mobile Satellite Service (MMSS) ) ; and (3) Mobile Service (MS) incumbents, e.g. Ultra Wideband (UWB) .
[0040] Ways to perform spectrum sharing and / or implement coexistence for two communication systems and / or to determine and / or share resources on a shared spectrum for communication are described herein. In some implementations, such a shared spectrum may be in Frequency Range 3 (FR3) (e.g., 7-24 GHz) , although other frequency ranges for other or additional implementations are possible. Also, as used herein, the term “communication system” , unless expressly described otherwise, refers to, means the same as, and / or includes a standard or protocol according to which a communication node of a wireless communication system or other electronic device communicates. Some types of communication systems described herein are called 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) systems. A 3GPP system is, refers to, and / or includes one or more standards or protocols for communication developed under by the 3GPP, non-limiting examples of which include 4G, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) , 5G, New Radio (NR) , and 6G. Other types of communication systems described herein are called non-3GPP systems. A non-3GPP system does not have standards or protocols for communication developed under or by the 3GPP, non-limiting examples of which include incumbents, such as but not limited to those operating in the 7-8 Gigahertz (GHz) range, e.g., FS; satellite incumbents, such as a satellite service (e.g. FSS, EESS, MSS, SRS, MMSS) ; Mobile Service incumbents, e.g. UWB.
[0041] In some implementations, to achieve NR-LTE coexistence in the same bandwidth, higher-layer signaling is supported in NR to configure reserved resources to be used by LTE. The reserved resources may be configured for NR PDSCH for rate matching. In some of these implementations, the network device 104 may configure one or multiple RateMatchPattern (s) per bandwidth part (BWP) or per serving-cell for a user device 102. The resources configured in the RateMatchPattern (s) may include the reserved resources for LTE, or for a NR control resource set (CORESET) , or others, which are not available for NR PDSCH. Such as scheme is called semi-static rate matching.
[0042] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, one or multiple RateMatchPattern (s) may be configured in a rate match pattern group. Whether the resources included in the rate match pattern group in a scheduling slot are available or not for NR PDSCH may be dynamically indicated by a DCI, such as DCI format 1_1 or DCI format 1_2, as non-limiting examples. Such a scheme is called dynamic rate matching. For example, in a dynamic rate matching scheme that uses one bit for one rate match pattern group, a first bit value (e.g., a bit value of ‘1’ ) may indicate or represent “not available” , and a second bit value (e.g., a bit value of ‘0’ ) may indicate or represent “available” .
[0043] In some implementations, in event that dynamic rate matching is not configured, the resources configured in the RateMatchPattern (s) are not available for a NR PDSCH. That is, for a NR PDSCH, rate matching should be performed around the configured RateMatchPattern (s) . In event that dynamic rate matching is configured, the resources configured in the RateMatchPattern (s) are still not available for NR PDSCH if the rate match pattern group including the RateMatchPattern (s) is indicated as not available. That is, the resources configured in the RateMatchPattern (s) are available for NR PDSCH if the rate match pattern group including the RateMatchPattern (s) is indicated as available.
[0044] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, resources in a shared spectrum, such as a spectrum shared by two or more communication systems, may be determined. For example, a 3GPP system can share resources on the same spectrum with one or more incumbents (e.g., one or more incumbents utilizing one or more non-3GPP systems) . In some of these implementations, the shared spectrum is in the 7-8 GHz range, although other frequency ranges are possible in any of various implementations. Also, as mentioned, in at least some implementations, at least one of the communication systems is a 3GPP system, such as a 6G wireless communication system. Various example implementations are described below in conjunction with 3GPP (e.g., 6G) and non-3GPP systems. However, 3GPP (e.g., 6G) and non-3GPP systems are merely used as examples, and other similar implementations may use other communication systems without one or more of those communication systems necessarily qualifying or constituting a 3GPP system and / or a non-3GPP system.
[0045] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a communication node (e.g., a user device 102 or a network device 104) may determine resources on a shared spectrum for communication by semi-static spectrum sharing. In some implementations, at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern in at least one of the time, frequency, power or spatial domain is predefined or configured. In some of these implementations, the spatial domain may be represented by beam or channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources. For example, the pattern may be configured by or according to a 3GPP (e.g., 6G) communication system for at least one user device 102. In some of implementations, the at least one user device 102 may communicate according to the 3GPP communication system (e.g., 6G) based on the pattern. In addition or alternatively, spectrum sharing and / or coexistence between 3GPP (e.g., 6G) and non-3GPP systems may be implemented by using the non-3GPP systems with a periodic non-continuous occupancy duration.
[0046] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, spectrum sharing and coexistence between 3GPP and non-3GPP communication systems may be implemented based on a time division multiplexing (TDM) manner, and an unavailable or available resource pattern in the time domain is predefined or configured. For example, suppose the pattern is configured by or according to the 3GPP (e.g., 6G) communication system for a user device 102. Within the available time duration based on the pattern, the transmission and reception may be performed between the network device 104 and the user device 102.
[0047] Fig. 3 is a time-frequency plot of an example implementation of resources in a shared spectrum for communication according to a first communication (Comm) system and a second communication (Comm) system. In some example implementations, the first communication system is a 3GPP communication system (e.g., 6G) , and the second communication system is a non-3GPP communication system. In the example in Fig. 3, for a user device 102 communicating according to the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system, the transmission and reception may be performed within the time duration for the first communication system.
[0048] In other implementations, the above pattern in the time domain may be combined with unavailable or available resources in the frequency domain, the power domain, and / or the spatial domain. For example, when combined with available or unavailable resources in the power domain, the same or different power or power offset value for at least one channel may be configured for the time duration for one of the communication systems (e.g., the first or 3GPP communication system) . In some of these implementations, zero power can be configured or predefined for a time duration within a time period applied to the resources on the shared spectrum, such as for the second communication system (e.g., the non-3GPP communication system) , wherein the time period includes at least one time duration. As a result, the user device 102 may not transmit or receive on the time duration for the non-3GPP communication system. For another example, when combined with the frequency domain, the same or different frequency resources for at least one channel may be configured for the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system. In some of these implementations, the same or different frequency resources for at least one channel may be configured for the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system, or for the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system and the time duration for second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In such implementations, the user device 102 may transmit or receive within restricted frequency resources on the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. For another example, when combined with the spatial domain, the same or different beams or CSI-RS resources for at least one channel may be configured for the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system. In some of these implementations, the same or different beams or CSI-RS resources for at least one channel may be configured for the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system, or for the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system and the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In this case, the user device 102 may transmit or receive with different beam resources on the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In some of these implementations, any one of the above patterns in the time, frequency, power, and / or spatial domain may be predefined or configured for UL, DL or both UL and DL resources.
[0049] In addition or alternatively, a time gap between time durations for different communications systems may be implemented. In at least some implementations, the time gap is predefined or configured. Fig. 4 is a time-frequency plot of another example implementation of resources in a shared spectrum for communication according to a first (e.g., 3GPP) communication (Comm) system and a second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication (Comm) system. As shown in Fig. 4, the time gap is located between the time duration for first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system and the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In some of these implementations, the time gap in a time period of the pattern is configured or predefined independent from at least one time duration within the time period. In addition or alternatively, the time gap in a time period of the pattern is predefined or configured in at least one of the time durations within the time period. As examples, the time gap is located in the start and end of the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP communication system; or the time gap is located in the start and end of the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system; or the time gap is located in the start of the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system and the start of the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system; or the time gap is located in the end of the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system and the end of the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations such as in Fig. 4, the time gap may be predefined or configured in the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system and the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In particular, the time gap is located in the end of the time duration for the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system and the end of the time duration for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system.
[0050] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the user device 102 and / or the network device 104 may communicate according to the first (e.g., 3GPPG) and the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication systems on the same, shared spectrum simultaneously. In some of these implementations, the use of power and / or beam (s) may be restricted for the 3GPP network and / or for the user device 102. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a pattern in the power domain and / or the spatial domain may be predefined or configured for the user device 102. As a result, the user device 102 may transmit or receive based on the power or beam pattern. Fig. 5 is a time-power plot of an example implementation of resources in a shared spectrum for communication. In the example in Fig. 5, a power or power offset pattern for a channel is configured for a user device, and different powers and / or power offsets are applied for different durations. That is, a first power value (value 1) applied or used during a first time duration (duration 1) is lower than a second power value (value 2) applied or used during a second time duration (duration 2) , which may reduce an impact with respect to power caused by the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system.
[0051] In addition or alternatively, one or more of the above patterns may be predefined or configured per band, band combination, cell, cell group, carrier, carrier gourp, or resource block (RB) group. In addition or alternatively, one or more of the above patterns may be predefined or configured for a user device 102, a group of user devices 102, and / or for a cell.
[0052] Accordingly, through use of the shared spectrum implementations described herein, spectrum sharing between at least two communications systems (e.g., a 3GPP communication system and a non-3GPP communication system) can be achieved by semi-static spectrum sharing through, or that is based on, at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern on at least one of the time, frequency, power or spatial domain. Such implementations may improve resource utilization based on spectrum sharing, including for implementations involving different or multiple communication systems.
[0053] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a communication node (e.g., a user device 102 or a network device 104) may determine resources on a shared spectrum for communication by dynamic spectrum sharing. In some of these implementations, the communication node may use the same spectrum access system to determine resources on the shared spectrum, such as for both the first (e.g., 3GPP) and second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication systems. Also, for some of these implementations, the use of the same spectrum access system may be based on priorities. In some of these implementations, the priority of one of the communication systems (e.g., the 3GPP communication system) is lower or not higher than the priority of another of the communication systems (e.g., the non-3GPP communication system) . Also, in some implementations, in event that the shared spectrum resources are accessed by the 3GPP network successfully, the communication between the user device 102 and the network device 104 according to the 3GPP communication system may be performed in a time duration. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the spectrum access operation may be performed by the network device 104 (e.g., implementing the 3GPP communication system) or the user device 102. In addition or alternatively, the time duration may be predefined or configured, and / or may be based on priority. For example, where the time duration is dependent on priority, the time duration may be different for different priorities. For example, in a first case where a first priority (priority#1) is higher than a second priority (priority#2) , the time duration corresponding to the first priority is longer or no less than the time duration corresponding to the second priority.
[0054] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations involving dynamic spectrum sharing, the communication node (e.g., user device 102 or network device 106) may adjust or activate / turn on or deactivate / turn off frequency resources on the shares spectrum. (Of note, unless expressly described otherwise, the terms “turn on” and “activate” are used interchangeably or meant to mean the same. Similarly, the terms “turn off” and “deactivate” are used interchangeably or meant to mean the same. ) For example, a communication node operating according to the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication node may turn off frequency resources in the shared spectrum used for the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In some implementations, in addition or alternatively to the frequency resources, the time domain resources, the power or power offset, and / or a beam or beam set may also be adjusted by the communication node (e.g., by the network device 104 (e.g., one operating according to the 3GPP communication system) for the user device 102) . In addition or alternatively, the communication node may adjust or turn on or off the frequency resources based on channel, signal, and / or energy detection on the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In addition or alternatively, the communication node may adjust or turn on or off the frequency resources based on channel, signal, or energy detection on the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In some of these implementations, the detection may be performed by one or multiple user devices 102 (e.g., ones operating or communicating according to the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system) and report information related to the detection.
[0055] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations involving dynamic spectrum sharing, for the shared spectrum resources, the communication node (e.g., the network device 104 or the user device 102) may measure the channels or signals of the incumbent system (e.g., one operating or communication according to the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system. In some implementations, when an interference (e.g., determined when measuring a channel or signal of the incumbent system) reaches or exceeds a predefined or configured threshold, the communication node may deactivate or turn off the cell, carrier, bandwidth part (BWP) , and / or resource block (RB) group corresponding to the shared spectrum resources. In addition or alternatively, when the interference is lower than the predefined or configured threshold, the communication node may activate or turn on the cell, carrier, BWP, and / or RB group corresponding to the shared spectrum resources.
[0056] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the shared spectrum is used as a secondary cell (SCell) . The network device 104 may send, and / or the user device 102 may receive, an indication of frequency resources (e.g., frequency resources corresponding to the shared spectrum) to turn on and / or off through an SCell activation or deactivation. In some implementations, the SCell (de) activation can be performed using a cell-specific DCI or MAC CE. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the SCell index may be defined based on a UE common manner corresponding to the shared spectrum, e.g., the index of the SCell corresponding to the shared spectrum for different user devices 102 are the same.
[0057] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the shared spectrum is used as a bandwidth part (BWP) or resource block (RB) group or set. The network device 104 may send, and / or the user device 102 may receive, an indication of frequency resources (e.g., frequency resources corresponding to the shared spectrum) to turn on and / or off through BWP or RB group or set dormancy and / or switching. In some implementations, the BWP or RB group or set dormancy and / or switching may be performed by a cell-specific DCI or MAC CE. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the BWP or RB group or set index may be defined based on a UE common manner corresponding to the shared spectrum, e.g., the index of the BWP or RB group or set corresponding to the shared spectrum for different user devices 102 are the same.
[0058] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the shared spectrum is used as a subband or a RB set. The network device 104 may send, and / or the user device 102 may receive, an indication how to adjust the subband or the one or more available or unavailable RB sets corresponding to the shared spectrum. Upon receipt of the indication, the user device 102 may determine the available physical resource blocks (PRB) based on an intersection between its active BWP and the subband or one or more available or unavailable RB sets. In some implementations, the subband or available or unavailable RB set adjustment is indicated by a cell-specific DCI or MAC CE. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the shared spectrum resources may be regarded as part of physical or virtual carrier.
[0059] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the shared spectrum is used as a Physical Cell (PCell) . The network device 104 may send, and / or the user device 102 may receive, an indication of physical resources corresponding to the shared spectrum to turn on and / or off through a PCell switching. In some implementations, the PCell switching may be performed by a cell-specific DCI or MAC CE.
[0060] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, channel, signal, and / or energy detection performed by a communication node on the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system may include signal classification. In some implementations, the communication node (e.g., network device 104 or user device 102) may have one or more capabilities to distinguish between different signals from different communication systems, such as different signals from different non-3GPP communication systems (e.g., radar, satellite) , and may adapt accordingly. In some of these implementations, the signals for different non-3GPP communication systems may be represented in a 3GPP communication system by signal detection according to one or more signal characteristics of the signals, such as different periods for different signals, different frequency regions for different signals, or different energy thresholds for different signals, as non-limiting examples.
[0061] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, channel, signal, and / or energy detection on the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication system may include low-latency sensing feedback. Such implementations may ensure rapid and reliable feedback from sensing to the scheduler for immediate resource reallocation. In some of these implementations, the channel, signal, and / or energy detection is performed in the network device side (e.g., the network device 104 operating or communicating according to the 3GPP communication system) . In some of these implementations, feedback is performed via an internal interface. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the channel, signal, and / or energy detection is performed in the user device 102 side (e.g., the user device 102 operating or communication according to the 3GPP communication system) . In some of these implementations, feedback information may be included in reported supplementary information, and / or may be transmitted based on specific resources for the feedback.
[0062] Accordingly, through use of the shared spectrum implementations described herein, spectrum sharing between two communication systems, such as a 3GPP communication system and a non-3GPP communication system, can be achieved by dynamic spectrum sharing through, or that is based on, adjusting or turning on and / or off frequency resources in the shared spectrum that may be shared or used for the non-3GPP system. Such implementations may improve resource utilization based on spectrum sharing, including for implementations involving different or multiple communication systems.
[0063] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a communication node (e.g., a user device 102 or a network device 104) may perform dynamic spectrum sharing for the shared spectrum by performing adaptive resource allocation or adjustment, which, at least in some implementations, may be used to minimize or avoid interference and / or efficiently utilize the shared spectrum.
[0064] In some implementations, adaptive resource allocation is performed within a dynamic resource pooling. Shared spectrum resources may be pooled and / or dynamically assigned to one or more communication nodes operating or communicating according to the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system based on real-time sensing or coordination with non-3GPP systems.
[0065] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, adaptive resource allocation is performed based on priority-based scheduling. In some of these implementations, scheduling algorithms may prioritize incumbent protection while ensuring fairness among communication nodes operating and / or communication according to the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system.
[0066] In addition or alternatively, adaptive resource allocation is performed based on slot-level adaptation. In some of these implementations, at the physical layer of the communication node, resource blocks may be dynamically reconfigured to vacate or reuse frequencies based on incumbent activity. In some of these implementations, the dynamic reconfiguration may be performed by dynamically rate matching.
[0067] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, adaptive resource adjustment is performed based on fast carrier switching. In some implementations, fast carrier switching may be performed to ensure minimal delay in switching from a blocked carrier (e.g., due to radar activity) to an alternate carrier. In some of these implementations, the carrier switching may be performed by BWP switching, RB set switching, and / or transmitter (Tx) / receiver (Rx) switching.
[0068] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, adaptive resource adjustment is performed based on dual or triple (or more) connectivity. In some implementations, the dual or triple connectivity is supported for simultaneous operation across multiple carriers, including a shared spectrum and / or an exclusive spectrum that is exclusive to a communication system (e.g., a 3GPP communication system or a non-3GPP communication system) or to two or more communication systems of the same type (e.g., two or more 3GPP communication systems or two or more non-3GPP communication system) .
[0069] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, adaptive resource adjustment is performed based on bandwidth adaptation. In some of these implementations, the bandwidth adaptation may include a dynamic reconfiguration of bandwidth to allocate resources in unaffected portions of shared bands. In addition or alternatively, the bandwidth adaptation may be performed by BWP, subband, and / or or RB set adjustment.
[0070] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, adaptive resource adjustment is performed based on guard band adaptation. In some of these implementations, one or more dynamically adjusted guard band may be used to minimize interference between the two communication systems (e.g., between 3GPP and non-3GPP communication systems) . In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the guard band adaptation may be performed by explicit or implicit adjustment. For example, where explicit adjustment is implemented, the guard band may be adjusted by radio resource control (RRC) , MAC CE, or DCI signaling. As another example, where implicit adjustment is implemented, the frequency resources of the 3GPP communication system and / or the non-3GPP communication system may be adjusted. As a result, the guard band may also be changed.
[0071] Accordingly, through use of the shared spectrum implementations described herein, spectrum sharing between two communication systems, such as a 3GPP communication system and a non-3GPP communication system, can be achieved by dynamic spectrum sharing through, or that is based on, adaptive resource allocation or adjustment. Such implementations may improve resource utilization based on spectrum sharing, including for implementations involving different or multiple communication systems.
[0072] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a communication node (e.g., a user device 102 or a network device 104) may perform dynamic spectrum sharing for the shared spectrum by performing adaptive power or beam adjustment. In some of these implementations, interference mitigation in shared bands requires precise power and / or beam adjustment may be performed to mitigate interference, in turn minimizing the impact of transmissions using the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system on communications using the second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication systems (e.g., satellite uplinks) , and vice versa.
[0073] In some implementations, adaptive power adjustment is performed based on dynamic power adjustment. In some of these implementations, transmission power is adjusted in real time to avoid interference with active incumbents detected through spectrum sensing or reported by spectrum databases.
[0074] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the adaptive power or beam adjustment is performed based on localized power reduction. In some of these implementations, geographically and / or spatially targeted power reduction is supported in regions where one or more second (e.g., non-3GPP) communication systems are active. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the power reduction may be performed based on at least one (e.g., only one, some but less than all, or all, of a set of beams.
[0075] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the adaptive beam adjustment is performed based on directional beamforming. In some of these implementations, beamforming algorithms used for the directional beamforming may be implemented to steer beams away from protected zones (e.g., above the horizon for satellite uplinks) .
[0076] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the adaptive beam adjustment is performed based on dynamic null-steering. In some of these implementations, null-steering is implemented to minimize interference with active incumbents while maintaining connectivity of one or more user devices 102 using the first (e.g., 3GPP) communication system.
[0077] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the adaptive power adjustment is performed based on interference-aware scheduling. In some of these implementations, scheduling algorithms may be used that avoid assigning resources in regions with high interference levels. In some of these implementations, one interference threshold may be used, and where a signal metric corresponding to interference, such as reference signal received power (RSRP) is lower than the interference threshold, the transmission and / or reception may be stopped. In some of these implementations, the transmission and / or reception may include Semi-Persistent Scheduling (SPS) PDSCH reception and / or configured grant (CG) PUSCH transmission.
[0078] Accordingly, through use of the shared spectrum implementations described herein, spectrum sharing between two communication system, such as a 3GPP communication system and a non-3GPP communication system, can be achieved by dynamic spectrum sharing through, or that based on, adaptive power or beam adjustment. Such implementations may improve resource utilization based on spectrum sharing, including for implementations involving different or multiple wireless communication systems.
[0079] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a communication node (e.g., a user device 102 or a network device 104) may perform spectrum sharing for the shared spectrum by performing artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) -driven adaptation. In some of these implementations, AI / ML-based algorithms may predict incumbent activity, which in turn may optimize resource allocation and improve coexistence.
[0080] In some implementations, AI / ML-driven adaptation is performed based on predictive resource allocation. For example, AI / ML may predict when and where incumbents are likely to become active, and proactively reallocate resources based on the AI / ML prediction. For example, the available or unavailable frequency resources and / or patterns may be reallocated based on AI / ML prediction.
[0081] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the AI / ML-driven adaptation is performed based on real-time decision-making. In some of these implementations, one or more low-latency AI / ML models may be incorporated into a low layer, such as the physical layer (PHY) , for real-time spectrum sharing decisions. For example, the available or unavailable frequency resources or patterns may be dynamically adjusted based on prediction performed by or using one or more low-latency AI / ML models.
[0082] In addition or alternatively, AI / ML-driven adaptation is performed based on AI-assisted beam selection or beam management. In some of these implementations, beamforming and / or null-steering may be performed and / or optimized based on historical and real-time data about incumbent activity. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, AI / ML may implemented to dynamically optimize beam directions based on real-time incumbent activity and user mobility. In addition or alternatively to using AI-based beam prediction, beam information and / or data sets of incumbents may be used as the input data to one or more AI / ML models.
[0083] In addition or alternatively, for implementations where semi-static spectrum sharing is performed, the unavailable or available resource patterns on at least one of the time, frequency, power or spatial domain may be adjusted based on AI prediction. In addition or alternatively, for implementations where dynamic spectrum sharing is performed, the frequency resources, the time domain resources, the power or power offset, and / or the beam or beam set may be adjusted based on AI prediction. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, AI prediction may be performed based on a data set of one or more incumbents that includes at least one of: resources in the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain.
[0084] Accordingly, through use of the shared spectrum implementations described herein, spectrum sharing between two communication systems, such as a 3GPP communication system and a non-3GPP communication system, can be achieved by dynamic spectrum sharing through, or that is based on, AI / ML-driven adaptation. Such implementations may improve resource utilization based on spectrum sharing, including for different or multiple communication systems.
[0085] The description and accompanying drawings above provide specific example embodiments and implementations. The described subject matter may, however, be embodied in a variety of different forms and, therefore, covered or claimed subject matter is intended to be construed as not being limited to any example embodiments set forth herein. A reasonably broad scope for claimed or covered subject matter is intended. Among other things, for example, subject matter may be embodied as methods, devices, components, systems, or non-transitory computer-readable media for storing computer codes. Accordingly, embodiments may, for example, take the form of hardware, software, firmware, storage media or any combination thereof. For example, the method embodiments described above may be implemented by components, devices, or systems including memory and processors by executing computer codes stored in the memory.
[0086] Throughout the specification and claims, terms may have nuanced meanings suggested or implied in context beyond an explicitly stated meaning. Likewise, the phrase “in one embodiment / implementation” as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and the phrase “in another embodiment / implementation” as used herein does not necessarily refer to a different embodiment. It is intended, for example, that claimed subject matter includes combinations of example embodiments in whole or in part.
[0087] In general, terminology may be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, terms, such as “and” , “or” , or “and / or, ” as used herein may include a variety of meanings that may depend at least in part on the context in which such terms are used. Typically, “or” if used to associate a list, such as A, B or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C, here used in the inclusive sense, as well as A, B or C, here used in the exclusive sense. In addition, the term “one or more” as used herein, depending at least in part upon context, may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense or may be used to describe combinations of features, structures or characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, terms, such as “a, ” “an, ” or “the, ” may be understood to convey a singular usage or to convey a plural usage, depending at least in part upon context. In addition, the term “based on” may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors and may, instead, allow for existence of additional factors not necessarily expressly described, again, depending at least in part on context.
[0088] Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of the features and advantages that may be realized with the present solution should be or are included in any single implementation thereof. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present solution. Thus, discussions of the features and advantages, and similar language, throughout the specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.
[0089] Furthermore, the described features, advantages and characteristics of the present solution may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. One of ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize, in light of the description herein, that the present solution can be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the present solution.
[0090] The subject matter of the disclosure may also relate to or include, among others, the following aspects:
[0091] A first aspect includes a method for wireless communication that includes: determining, by a communication node, resources on a shared spectrum for communication; and communicating, by the communication node, at least one signal and / or at least one channel on the resources, wherein the communication node comprises a network device or a user device.
[0092] A second aspect includes the first aspect, and further includes wherein the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by semi-static spectrum sharing.
[0093] A third aspect includes the second aspect, and further includes wherein at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern in at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain is predefined or configured.
[0094] A fourth aspect includes the third aspect, and further includes wherein zero power is configured or predefined for a time duration within a time period applied to the resources on the shared spectrum for communication, wherein the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or the at least one available resource pattern is determined by the time period comprising at least one time duration within the time period, and the at least one time duration comprises the time duration.
[0095] A fifth aspect includes any of the third or fourth aspects, and further includes wherein a time gap in a time period of the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern is configured or predefined independent from at least one time duration within the time period.
[0096] A sixth aspect includes any of the third through fifth aspects, and further includes wherein a time gap in a time period of the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern is configured or predefined in at least one time duration within the time period.
[0097] A seventh aspect includes the first aspect, and further includes wherein the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by dynamic spectrum sharing.
[0098] An eighth aspect includes the seventh aspect, and further includes wherein the communication node uses a same spectrum access system to determine the resources on the shared spectrum, and wherein the same spectrum access system is used based on at least one priority.
[0099] A ninth aspect includes any of the seventh or eighth aspects, and further includes wherein the communication node adjusts, or activates or deactivates, the resources on the shared spectrum.
[0100] A tenth aspect includes any of the seventh through ninth aspects, and further includes wherein the communication node: deactivates at least one of a cell, a carrier, a bandwidth part (BWP) , or a resource block (RB) group corresponding to the resources on the shared spectrum in response to an interference reaching or exceeding a predetermined or configured threshold; or activates the at least one of the cell, the carrier, the BWP, or the RB group corresponding to the resources in response to the interference being lower than the predetermined or configured threshold.
[0101] An eleventh aspect includes any of the seventh through tenth aspects, and further includes wherein frequency resources to activate and / or deactivate are indicated through a secondary cell (SCell) activation or deactivation.
[0102] A twelfth aspect includes any of the seventh through eleventh aspects, and further includes wherein frequency resources are indicated through bandwidth part (BWP) or resource block (RB) group dormancy or switching.
[0103] A thirteenth aspect includes any of the eleventh or twelfth aspects, and further includes wherein the secondary cell (SCell) activation or deactivation, or the BWP or RB group dormancy or switching, is performed using a cell-specific downlink control information (DCI) or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) .
[0104] A fourteenth aspect includes any of the seventh through thirteenth aspects, and further includes wherein the communication node uses the shared spectrum as a subband or one or more available and / or unavailable resource block (RB) sets.
[0105] A fifteenth aspect includes the fourteenth aspect, and further includes wherein the communication node comprises the network device, and wherein the network device indicates, to a user device, how to adjust the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets.
[0106] A sixteenth aspect includes the fourteenth aspect, and further includes wherein the communication node comprises the user device, and wherein the user device receives an indication how to adjust the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets; and in response to the indication, determines one or more available physical resource blocks (PRBs) based on an intersection between an active bandwidth part (BWP) and the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets.
[0107] A seventeenth aspect includes any of the seventh through sixteenth aspects, and further includes wherein the dynamic spectrum sharing comprises adaptive resource allocation or adjustment.
[0108] An eighteenth aspect includes the seventeenth aspect, and further includes wherein the adaptive resource allocation or adjustment is performed based on at least one of: slot-level adaptation, bandwidth adaptation, or guard band adaptation.
[0109] A nineteenth aspect includes any of the seventh through eighteenth aspects, and further includes wherein the dynamic spectrum sharing comprises adaptive power and / or beam adjustment.
[0110] A twentieth aspect includes the nineteenth aspect, and further includes wherein the adaptive power and / or beam adjustment comprises power reduction through adjustment of at least one beam.
[0111] A twenty-first aspect includes any of the first through twentieth aspects, and further includes wherein the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) -driven adaptation.
[0112] A twenty-second aspect includes the twenty-first aspect, and further includes wherein the AI / ML-driven adaptation is performed based on AI-assisted beam selection and / or AI-assisted beam management.
[0113] A twenty-third aspect includes the twenty-second aspect, and further includes wherein the AI-assisted beam selection and / or AI-assisted beam management comprises at least one of: performing beamforming and / or null-steering based on historical and / or real-time data associated with incumbent activity; or determining beam directions based on user device mobility data.
[0114] A twenty-fourth aspect includes any of the third through sixth aspects, and further includes wherein the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or the at least one available resource pattern in the at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain is adjusted based on artificial intelligence (AI) prediction.
[0115] A twenty-fifth aspect includes the twenty-fourth aspect, and further includes wherein the AI prediction is performed based on at least one data set of at least one incumbent, wherein the at least one data set comprises at least one resource in at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain.
[0116] A twenty-sixth aspect includes a wireless communications apparatus comprising at least one processor and a memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the apparatus to perform a method of any of the first through twenty-fifth aspects.
[0117] A twenty-seventh aspect includes a computer program product comprising a computer-readable program medium comprising code stored thereupon, the code, when executed by at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform a method of any of the first through twenty-fifth aspects.
[0118] In addition to the features mentioned in each of the independent aspects enumerated above, some examples may show, alone or in combination, the optional features mentioned in the dependent aspects and / or as disclosed in the description above and shown in the figures.
Claims
1.A method for wireless communication, the method comprising:determining, by a communication node, resources on a shared spectrum for communication; andcommunicating, by the communication node, at least one signal and / or at least one channel on the resources,wherein the communication node comprises a network device or a user device.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by semi-static spectrum sharing.3.The method of claim 2, wherein at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern in at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain is predefined or configured.4.The method of claim 3, wherein zero power is configured or predefined for a time duration within a time period applied to the resources on the shared spectrum for communication, wherein the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or the at least one available resource pattern is determined by the time period comprising at least one time duration within the time period, and the at least one time duration comprises the time duration.5.The method of claim 3, wherein a time gap in a time period of the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern is configured or predefined independent from at least one time duration within the time period.6.The method of claim 3, wherein a time gap in a time period of the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or at least one available resource pattern is configured or predefined in at least one time duration within the time period.7.The method of claim 1, wherein the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by dynamic spectrum sharing.8.The method of claim 7, wherein the communication node uses a same spectrum access system to determine the resources on the shared spectrum, and wherein the same spectrum access system is used based on at least one priority.9.The method of claim 7, wherein the communication node adjusts, or activates or deactivates, the resources on the shared spectrum.10.The method of claim 7, wherein the communication node:deactivates at least one of a cell, a carrier, a bandwidth part (BWP) , or a resource block (RB) group corresponding to the resources on the shared spectrum in response to an interference reaching or exceeding a predetermined or configured threshold; oractivates the at least one of the cell, the carrier, the BWP, or the RB group corresponding to the resources in response to the interference being lower than the predetermined or configured threshold.11.The method of any of claims 7, wherein frequency resources to activate and / or deactivate are indicated through a secondary cell (SCell) activation or deactivation.12.The method of any of claims 7, wherein frequency resources are indicated through bandwidth part (BWP) or resource block (RB) group dormancy or switching.13.The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein the secondary cell (SCell) activation or deactivation, or the BWP or RB group dormancy or switching, is performed using a cell-specific downlink control information (DCI) or a medium access control control element (MAC CE) .14.The method of claim 7, wherein the communication node uses the shared spectrum as a subband or one or more available and / or unavailable resource block (RB) sets.15.The method of claim 14, wherein the communication node comprises the network device, and wherein the network device indicates, to a user device, how to adjust the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets.16.The method of claim 14, wherein the communication node comprises the user device, and wherein the user device receives an indication how to adjust the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets; and in response to the indication, determines one or more available physical resource blocks (PRBs) based on an intersection between an active bandwidth part (BWP) and the subband or the one or more available and / or unavailable RB sets.17.The method of claim 7, wherein the dynamic spectrum sharing comprises adaptive resource allocation or adjustment.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the adaptive resource allocation or adjustment is performed based on at least one of: slot-level adaptation, bandwidth adaptation, or guard band adaptation.19.The method of claim 7, wherein the dynamic spectrum sharing comprises adaptive power and / or beam adjustment.20.The method of claim 19, wherein the adaptive power and / or beam adjustment comprises power reduction through adjustment of at least one beam.21.The method of claim 1, wherein the resources on the shared spectrum are determined by artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) -driven adaptation.22.The method of claim 21, wherein the AI / ML-driven adaptation is performed based on AI-assisted beam selection and / or AI-assisted beam management.23.The method of claim 22, wherein the AI-assisted beam selection and / or AI-assisted beam management comprises at least one of:performing beamforming and / or null-steering based on historical and / or real-time data associated with incumbent activity; ordetermining beam directions based on user device mobility data.24.The method of claim 3, wherein the at least one unavailable resource pattern and / or the at least one available resource pattern in the at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain is adjusted based on artificial intelligence (AI) prediction.25.The method of claim 24, wherein the AI prediction is performed based on at least one data set of at least one incumbent, wherein the at least one data set comprises at least one resource in at least one of the time domain, the frequency domain, the power domain, or the spatial domain.26.A wireless communications apparatus comprising at least one processor and a memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the apparatus to perform a method of any of claims 1 to 25.27.A computer program product comprising a computer-readable program medium comprising code stored thereupon, the code, when executed by at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform a method of any of claims 1 to 25.