Energy storage apparatus and energy storage system

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an energy storage apparatus and an energy storage system. The energy storage apparatus comprises a cabinet and M battery apparatuses, wherein the M battery apparatuses are accommodated in the cabinet, and each battery apparatus has a maximum voltage of U0. M has a plurality of factors, which comprise a and b, wherein the product of a and U0 ranges from 1350 V to 1500 V, and the product of b and U0 ranges from 2070 V to 2300 V; and a is not equal to b, and neither a nor b is equal to 1 or M. The energy storage apparatus can make full use of battery apparatuses in a cabinet, and is enabled to be applicable to two different voltage environments. When the energy storage apparatus is connected to an energy storage converter, such an energy storage apparatus can be adapted to energy storage converters having a maximum operating voltage of 1500 V and a maximum operating voltage of 2300 V respectively, such that the energy storage apparatus can meet voltage requirements of the two types of energy storage converters, thereby achieving wider application and higher compatibility of the energy storage apparatus, and thus improving the practicability of the energy storage apparatus.

Description

Energy storage devices and energy storage systems

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411884264.8, entitled “Energy Storage Device and Energy Storage System”, filed on December 19, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to an energy storage device and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0004] With the rapid development of technology, electricity has become an indispensable energy source in people's production and daily life. To improve the smoothness of electricity supply and ensure the normal operation of production and daily life, energy storage devices are needed. As devices that cyclically store and release electrical energy, energy storage devices store electrical energy or supply the stored energy to electrical devices through charging or discharging. Energy storage devices are widely used in industrial power supply, household power supply, temporary power supply, mobile power supply, wind power generation, solar power generation, and energy storage power stations.

[0005] In the development of energy storage devices, in addition to improving their reliability, their performance is also a crucial issue. Therefore, how to improve the performance of energy storage devices is a continuous technical challenge in energy storage technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an energy storage device and an energy storage system that can improve the performance of the energy storage device.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device, including a cabinet and M battery devices housed within the cabinet. Each battery device comprises multiple individual battery cells, and the maximum voltage of each battery device is U0. M has multiple factors, including a and b. The product of a and U0 is 1350V-1500V, and the product of b and U0 is 2070V-2300V. a is not equal to b, and both a and b are not equal to 1 and are not equal to M.

[0008] In the above technical solution, by setting the energy storage device to include M battery devices, where M has factors a and b, each of the M battery devices can be connected in series with the factor a to obtain multiple battery device groups with a maximum voltage of 1350V-1500V, thus enabling the energy storage device to be used in a 1500V voltage environment. Alternatively, each of the M battery devices can be connected in series with the factor b to obtain multiple battery device groups with a maximum voltage of 2070V-2300V, thus enabling the energy storage device to be used in a 2300V voltage environment. On the one hand, this allows the energy storage device to be used in both 1500V and 2300V voltage environments, improving the practicality of the energy storage device. On the other hand, both series connection methods can make full use of each battery device in the cabinet, reducing the risk of wasted cabinet space due to idle battery devices, and improving the performance of the energy storage device. Therefore, the energy storage device provided in this application embodiment can make full use of the battery device inside the cabinet and enable the energy storage device to be applied to two different voltage environments. When the energy storage device is connected to the energy storage converter, such an energy storage device can be adapted to energy storage converters with a maximum operating voltage of 1500V and a maximum operating voltage of 2300V, so that the energy storage device can meet the voltage requirements of the two energy storage converters, thereby making the application of the energy storage device more extensive, the compatibility stronger, and improving the practicality of the energy storage device.

[0009] In some embodiments, U0 is 93V-750V. When U0 is greater than or equal to 93V, the battery device has sufficient voltage, thereby reducing the number of battery devices required and the wiring needs, thus reducing the installation difficulty of the energy storage device. When U0 is less than or equal to 750V, it is beneficial to adjust the voltage of the battery device to reduce the difficulty of adapting the energy storage device to voltage environments of 1500V and 2300V. Therefore, when U0 is 93V-750V, it is possible to balance reducing the installation difficulty of the energy storage device and reducing the difficulty of adapting the energy storage device to voltage environments of 1500V and 2300V.

[0010] In some embodiments, M is 6-72. When M≥6, the weight of the battery device can be reduced, which facilitates the handling and transportation of the battery device and reduces the difficulty of setting up the energy storage device; when M≤72, the number of battery devices used can be reduced, the wiring requirements of the battery devices can be reduced, which reduces the difficulty of installing the energy storage device; therefore, when the number of battery devices M is 6-72, it is possible to balance reducing the difficulty of installing and setting up the energy storage device.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ratio of a to b is 2:3. This ratio of a to b is similar to the ratio of 1500V to 2300V. When a battery devices are connected in series, the voltage after series connection is closer to 1500V, and when b battery devices are connected in series, the voltage after series connection is closer to 2300V. This improves the compatibility of the energy storage device and the energy storage converter, and enhances the practicality of the energy storage device.

[0012] In some embodiments, M is 6, a is 2, and b is 3. Thus, the maximum voltage of each battery device is 690V-750V. Six battery devices are housed within a cabinet. The six battery devices are grouped in pairs to form three battery packs adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or grouped in groups of three to form two battery packs adapted to a 2300V voltage environment. On the one hand, both series connection methods can fully utilize each battery device within the cabinet, reducing the risk of wasted cabinet space due to idle battery devices. On the other hand, this makes the energy storage device more compatible and improves its practicality.

[0013] In some embodiments, M is 12, a is 2, and b is 3. Thus, the maximum voltage of each battery device is 690V-750V, and the 12 battery devices are housed in a cabinet. The 12 battery devices are grouped in pairs to form 6 battery device groups adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or the 12 battery devices are grouped in groups of 3 to form 4 battery device groups adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0014] In some embodiments, M is 24, a is 4, and b is 6. Thus, the maximum voltage of each battery device is 345V-375V, and 24 battery devices are housed in a cabinet. The 24 battery devices are grouped into groups of 4 to form 6 battery device groups adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or into groups of 6 to form 4 battery device groups adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0015] In some embodiments, M is 36, a is 6, and b is 9. Thus, the maximum voltage of each battery device is 230V-250V, and 36 battery devices are housed in the cabinet. The 36 battery devices are grouped into groups of 6 to form 6 battery device groups adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or into groups of 9 to form 4 battery device groups adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0016] In some embodiments, M is 48, a is 8, and b is 12. Thus, the maximum voltage of each battery device is 172.5V-187.5V, and 48 battery devices are housed in the cabinet. The 48 battery devices are grouped into groups of 8 to form 6 battery device groups adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; and the 48 battery devices are grouped into groups of 12 to form 4 battery device groups adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0017] In some embodiments, M is 72, a is 12, and b is 18. Thus, the maximum voltage of each battery device is 115V-125V, and 72 battery devices are housed in a cabinet. The 72 battery devices are grouped into groups of 12 to form 6 battery device groups adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; and the 72 battery devices are grouped into groups of 18 to form 4 battery device groups adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery device includes X1 battery cells arranged in parallel, each battery cell including Y1 battery cells arranged in series. The product of the number of battery cells and the number of battery cells arranged in series within a battery cell is equal to the number of battery cells in the battery device. By arranging Y1 battery cells in series, the voltage of the battery device can be increased; by arranging X1 battery cells in parallel, the capacity of the battery cells can be increased; and by configuring the number of battery cells in series and the number of battery cells in parallel, the voltage of the battery device can be adjusted.

[0019] In some embodiments, the battery device includes Y2 battery cells connected in series, each battery cell including X2 battery cells connected in parallel. The product of the number of battery cells and the number of battery cells connected in parallel within a battery cell equals the number of battery cells in the battery device. By connecting Y2 battery cells in series, the voltage of the battery device can be increased; by connecting X2 battery cells in parallel, the capacity of the battery cells can be increased. By configuring the number of battery cells connected in series and the number of battery cells connected in parallel, the voltage of the battery device can be adjusted.

[0020] In some embodiments, X1 is 1-16. When X1≥1, the battery capacity can be increased, and the performance of the energy storage device can be improved. When X1≤16, the number of battery cells used in the battery device can be reduced, and the size of the battery device can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of transferring and installing the energy storage device. Therefore, when X1 is 1-16, it is possible to balance improving the performance of the energy storage device and reducing the difficulty of transferring and installing the energy storage device.

[0021] In some embodiments, X2 is 1-16. When X2≥1, the battery capacity can be increased, and the performance of the energy storage device can be improved. When X2≤16, the number of battery cells used in the battery device can be reduced, and the size of the battery device can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of transferring and installing the energy storage device. Therefore, when X2 is 1-16, it is possible to balance improving the performance of the energy storage device and reducing the difficulty of transferring and installing the energy storage device.

[0022] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material of the battery cell includes lithium iron phosphate; the number Y1 of battery cells arranged in series in the battery device is 26-205. Thus, when the positive electrode active material of the battery cell includes lithium phosphate, the voltage of the battery device can be controlled within a reasonable range. This ensures that the voltage of the battery device is not too low, allowing the energy storage device to be compatible with energy storage inverters with higher voltages, while also preventing the voltage of the battery device from becoming too high. This reduces the difficulty of matching the energy storage device and the energy storage inverter, and lowers production costs.

[0023] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material of the battery cell includes lithium iron phosphate; the number of battery cells arranged in series in the battery device, Y2, is 26-205. This allows the energy storage device to be compatible with energy storage converters with higher voltages and reduces the difficulty of adapting the energy storage device and the energy storage converter.

[0024] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the cabinet are the same as those of a standard 20-foot shipping container, with a height of 2896mm, 2591mm, or 2438mm.

[0025] In some embodiments, the cabinet's length and width dimensions are identical to those of a standard shipping container, but its height dimension is not equal to that of a standard shipping container. By aligning the cabinet's length and width dimensions with those of a standard shipping container, it is advantageous to reduce the floor space occupied during transport, thereby lowering transportation costs. Furthermore, the fact that the height dimension is not equal to that of a standard shipping container allows for the creation of cabinets of different sizes based on the number and dimensions of the battery devices, reducing the risk of wasted space.

[0026] In some embodiments, the M battery devices include V battery device groups arranged in parallel, each battery device group including W battery devices arranged in series, the product of V and W is M, and V is 2-12.

[0027] When V≥2, the energy storage device's capacity can be increased, thereby increasing the input or output power of the energy storage device and improving its performance. When V≤12, the number of battery packs can be reduced, allowing for the use of smaller or fewer cabinets to house the battery packs, saving transportation costs. Therefore, when V is 2-12, it is possible to balance improving the performance of the energy storage device with reducing transportation costs.

[0028] In some embodiments, the energy storage device has a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the M battery devices comprise c battery device groups, each battery device group comprising a battery devices connected in series, where the product of c and a is M. In the second mode, the M battery devices comprise d battery device groups, each battery device group comprising b battery devices connected in series, where the product of d and b is M. By setting the energy storage device to the first mode, the energy storage device can obtain the voltage of the a battery devices connected in series in the first mode, and the energy storage device can input or output power based on this voltage. Furthermore, the c battery device groups in the first mode can fully utilize the M battery devices within the cabinet, reducing the risk of idle battery devices within the cabinet and improving the performance of the battery devices. By setting the energy storage device to the second mode, it can obtain the voltage of b battery devices connected in series. The voltage of these b connected battery devices differs from the voltage of a connected battery devices, allowing the energy storage device to have two different voltages for input or output, thus improving its practicality. Furthermore, the d battery devices in the second mode can fully utilize the M battery devices within the cabinet, reducing the risk of idle batteries and improving battery performance. Therefore, the energy storage device can fully utilize the battery devices within the cabinet and has two different voltages for input or output. These two voltages are compatible with the two maximum operating voltages of the energy storage converter, reducing the number of energy storage devices required and further enhancing its practicality.

[0029] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes c first wiring harness groups and d second wiring harness groups. When the energy storage device is in a first mode, each battery device group is provided with one first wiring harness group, and each first wiring harness group connects a battery devices in series. When the energy storage device is in a second mode, each battery device group is provided with one second wiring harness group, and each second wiring harness group connects b battery devices in series. Connecting a battery devices in series through the first wiring harness groups allows the energy storage device to input or output electrical energy at a voltage of 1500V. Connecting b battery devices in series through the second wiring harness groups allows the energy storage device to input or output electrical energy at a voltage of 2300V, thus realizing the input or output of electrical energy under two voltage conditions. By setting the first and second wiring harness groups, the energy storage device can be connected to an energy storage converter through either the first or second wiring harness group, thereby facilitating rapid switching between the two voltages and improving the practicality of the battery device.

[0030] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a control module for electrically controlling the battery device. The control module includes a main control module electrically connected to the battery device. By electrically connecting the main control module to the battery device, the main control module can control the input or output of electrical energy from the battery device, which helps in the allocation of electrical energy in the energy storage device and improves the practicality of the energy storage device.

[0031] In some embodiments, the energy storage device has a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the M battery devices include c battery device groups, each battery device group including a battery devices connected in series, and the product of c and a is M. In the second mode, the M battery devices include d battery device groups, each battery device group including b battery devices connected in series, and the product of d and b is M. There are multiple main control modules, with one main control module connected to each battery device group. Thus, each main control module can control the input or output of electrical energy to one battery device group, which helps in the allocation of electrical energy in the energy storage device and improves its practicality.

[0032] In some embodiments, when the energy storage device is in the first mode, c battery packs are connected in parallel; when the energy storage device is in the second mode, d battery packs are connected in parallel. This ensures that all M battery packs of the energy storage device are fully utilized, stabilizes the rated output power of the energy storage device, reduces the risk of inconsistent battery charge levels due to idle battery packs, and improves the performance of the energy storage device.

[0033] In some embodiments, the control module further includes a power distribution module, a main control module, and a fire control module. The battery pack is electrically connected to the main control module, the main control module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the main control module, the fire control module, and multiple main control modules are all electrically connected to the power distribution module. The main control module can control the on / off state of the main control modules, thereby allocating the input or output of electrical energy from the battery pack, making the output or output of electrical energy from the battery pack more convenient.

[0034] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a control compartment, in which a control module is housed; the control compartment is placed separately from the cabinet. By separating the control compartment from the cabinet, the risk of interference between the control compartment and the cabinet can be reduced, the placement of the control compartment is more flexible, and the installation of the energy storage device is more convenient.

[0035] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a control compartment, in which a control module is housed; the control compartment is located at the top of the cabinet. This saves space on the energy storage device and increases its energy density per unit area.

[0036] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a control compartment, in which a control module is housed. The control compartment is located within a cabinet, which includes a battery compartment containing a battery device. The control compartment is located on one side of the battery compartment along the length of the cabinet. This allows the control compartment to be operated or maintained from one end of the cabinet along its length, making operation and maintenance of the control compartment more convenient.

[0037] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes multiple cabinets, with the main control module housed in one cabinet. This facilitates centralized management of the control module and improves the operational stability of the energy storage device.

[0038] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a thermal management module for managing the temperature of the battery device; the thermal management module includes a heat dissipation module disposed on the top of the cabinet exterior. This serves two purposes: firstly, it facilitates heat dissipation from the thermal management module, improving its cooling performance; secondly, the thermal management module can cover the cabinet, reducing the impact of sunlight and rainfall on the cabinet.

[0039] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a thermal management module for managing the temperature of the battery devices. The thermal management module includes a heat dissipation module disposed inside the cabinet and located on top of the battery devices. The thermal management module can cover the battery devices, reducing the impact of sunlight and rainfall on the battery devices.

[0040] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a thermal management module for managing the temperature of the battery device. The thermal management module includes a heat dissipation module, which is mounted on one side of the cabinet along its length or width. This facilitates the installation and removal of the thermal management module, and also allows for operation and maintenance of the thermal management module from one side of the cabinet along its length or width.

[0041] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a thermal management module for managing the temperature of the battery device. The thermal management module is placed separately from the cabinet. This reduces the risk of interference between the thermal management module and the cabinet, simplifies the installation of the thermal management module, and reduces the overall installation complexity of the energy storage device.

[0042] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, including an energy storage converter and an energy storage device as provided in any embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the energy storage converter is electrically connected to the energy storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application (first mode);

[0048] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application (second mode);

[0049] Figure 6 is a wiring diagram of the battery pack and main control module provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application (showing that the control compartment and the cabinet are placed separately).

[0052] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application (showing that the control compartment is located at the top of the cabinet).

[0053] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application (showing that the first compartment is located at the top of the cabinet).

[0054] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application (showing the first compartment mounted on the cabinet).

[0055] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application (showing that the second compartment is located inside the cabinet).

[0056] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application (showing the second compartment mounted on the cabinet).

[0057] Labeling Explanation: 100-Energy Storage System; 10-Energy Storage Device; 1-Cabinet; 11-Battery Compartment; 111-First Compartment Door; 12-Control Compartment; 121-First Compartment; 122-Second Compartment; 1221-First Inspection Door; 2-Battery Unit Group; 21-Battery Unit; 211-First Positive Terminal Lead-Out; 212-First Negative Terminal Lead-Out; 213-Second Positive Terminal Lead-Out; 214-Second Negative Terminal Lead-Out; 3-First Wiring Harness Group; 4-Second Wiring Harness Group; 5-Control Module; 51-Main Control Module; 52-Power Distribution Module; 53-General Control Module; 54-Fire Control Module; 6-Thermal Management Module; 20-Energy Storage Converter; X-Length Direction of Cabinet; Y-Width Direction of Cabinet; Z-Height Direction of Cabinet. Embodiments of the present invention

[0058] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application, that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0061] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces), unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0065] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used after the battery cell has been discharged.

[0066] Battery cells include, but are not limited to, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc.

[0067] The battery apparatus mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0068] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which may include a housing and one or more individual battery cells housed within the housing.

[0069] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0070] As an example, the enclosure may include a first enclosure and a second enclosure. The first enclosure and the second enclosure are fastened together to form a closed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first enclosure may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0071] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0072] In battery technology, an energy storage device typically includes a cabinet and M battery units. The M battery units can be divided into multiple battery unit groups, with each battery unit group having the same number of battery units connected in series. The voltage of the energy storage device is the voltage of the battery unit group. The energy storage device matches the external environment through this voltage to achieve the input or output of electrical energy.

[0073] During the use of energy storage devices, an energy storage converter can be used to electrically connect the energy storage device and external equipment. When the energy storage device is charging, the energy storage converter acts as a rectifier, converting AC power from the AC side to DC power for storage. When the energy storage device is discharging, the energy storage converter acts as an inverter, converting the stored DC power from the DC side to AC power for delivery to external equipment. The voltage of the energy storage device must match the maximum operating voltage of the energy storage converter for normal operation after electrical connection. Generally, there are energy storage converters with a maximum operating voltage of 1500V and 2300V. To meet the requirements of applying the energy storage device to a 1500V voltage environment, the voltage of the battery pack needs to be configured close to 1500V, with the maximum voltage set below 1500V, so that the energy storage device can input or output electrical energy under this voltage environment. Similarly, to meet the requirements of applying the energy storage device to a 2300V voltage environment, the voltage of the energy storage device needs to be configured close to 2300V, with the maximum voltage set below 2300V, so that the energy storage device can input or output electrical energy under this voltage environment. However, energy storage devices can generally only input or output one voltage, making it difficult to simultaneously accommodate multiple voltage environments. When facing different voltage environments, multiple models of energy storage devices need to be designed to adapt to the energy storage converter, and each model of energy storage device can only be used with one type of energy storage converter, resulting in low practicality.

[0074] Therefore, in order to improve the performance of energy storage devices and enable them to withstand various voltage environments, this application provides an energy storage device comprising a cabinet and M battery devices housed within the cabinet. Each battery device has a maximum voltage of U0. M has multiple factors, including a and b. The product of a and U0 is 1350V-1500V, and the product of b and U0 is 2070V-2300V. a is not equal to b, and neither a nor b is equal to 1 and neither is equal to M.

[0075] In such an energy storage device, the battery unit inside the cabinet can be fully utilized, and the energy storage device can be applied to two different voltage environments. When the energy storage device is connected to an energy storage converter, it can be adapted to energy storage converters with a maximum operating voltage of 1500V and a maximum operating voltage of 2300V, making the energy storage device suitable for both 1500V and 2300V voltage requirements. This makes the application of the energy storage device more extensive, its compatibility stronger, and improves its practicality.

[0076] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage power stations can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to users or electrical equipment during peak hours. Wind power generation systems collect wind energy from wind turbines, convert it into electricity, and then store it in energy storage devices. Solar power generation systems can convert solar energy into electricity, store it in energy storage devices, and supply it to users as needed. Mobile power systems can supply power to electrical equipment in areas inaccessible by the mains grid, such as remote mountainous areas and isolated wilderness areas. Temporary power supply systems can provide power to users when there is insufficient power supply. The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires energy storage devices.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. This application provides an energy storage system 100. The energy storage system 100 may include an energy storage device 10 and an energy storage converter 20 (PCS, Power Conversion System), with the energy storage device 10 and the energy storage converter 20 electrically connected.

[0078] The energy storage converter 20 is a device that connects external equipment and the energy storage device 10. The external equipment can be the power grid, electrical equipment, etc. The energy storage converter 20 has a DC side and an AC side. The DC side is used for electrical connection with the energy storage device 10, and the AC side is used for connection with the external equipment.

[0079] When the energy storage device 10 is in the charging state, the energy storage converter 20 acts as a rectifier to convert the electrical energy from the AC power on the AC side into DC power and store it in the energy storage device 10. When the energy storage device 10 is in the discharging state, the energy storage converter 20 acts as an inverter to convert the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 10 from the DC power on the DC side into AC power and deliver it to external equipment.

[0080] In the energy storage system 100, one energy storage converter 20 can be configured with one energy storage device 10 or multiple energy storage devices 10. In an embodiment where one energy storage converter 20 is configured with multiple energy storage devices 10, the energy storage devices 10 can be two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or more.

[0081] In the energy storage system 100, one energy storage device 10 may be equipped with multiple energy storage converters 20, at least two of which have different maximum operating voltages, and all of the multiple different maximum operating voltages can be adapted to the energy storage device 10; or one energy storage device 10 may be connected to only one energy storage converter 20, and the energy storage converter 20 may have multiple different maximum operating voltages, all of which can be adapted to the energy storage device 10.

[0082] Please refer to Figures 2 and 3. Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in yet another embodiment of this application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application (first mode); Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application (second mode). This application provides an energy storage device 10, including a cabinet 1 and M battery devices 21. The M battery devices 21 are housed within the cabinet 1, and the maximum voltage of each battery device 21 is U0. M has multiple factors, including a and b. The product of a and U0 is 1350V-1500V, and the product of b and U0 is 2070V-2300V. a is not equal to b, and both a and b are not equal to 1 and are not equal to M.

[0083] The number of cabinets 1 can be one, housing M battery devices 21 within a single cabinet 1; or the number of cabinets 1 can be multiple, with the M battery devices 21 distributed across multiple cabinets 1. Both a and b are factors of M, meaning M divided by a is a positive integer, and M divided by b is also a positive integer. For example, if M is 12, and its factors are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, then a and b can be two of 2, 3, 4, and 6, meaning a is 2 and b is 3; or a is 4 and b is 6. Similarly, if M is 15, and its factors are 1, 3, 5, and 15, then a can be 3 and b is 5.

[0084] The maximum voltage of the battery device 21 is the voltage of the battery device 21 in its fully charged state. The battery device 21 includes multiple battery cells, which can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both. In some embodiments, the battery cells of the battery device 21 are first connected in series to form a battery cell, and then multiple battery cells are connected in parallel. The maximum voltage of the battery device 21 is the product of the number of battery cells connected in series and the maximum voltage of a single battery cell. In some embodiments, the battery cells of the battery device 21 are first connected in parallel to form a battery cell, and then multiple battery cells are connected in series. The maximum voltage of the battery device 21 is the product of the number of battery cells connected in series and the maximum voltage of a single battery cell.

[0085] The product of a and U0 is 1350V-1500V, meaning that each of the M battery devices 21, numbered 'a', is connected in series to form multiple battery device groups 2. Each battery device group 2 has a maximum voltage of 1350V-1500V, making it suitable for a 1500V voltage environment. These battery device groups 2 can be connected to an energy storage inverter 20 with a maximum operating voltage of 1500V for the input or output of electrical energy from the energy storage device 10. The product of b and U0 is 2070V-2300V, meaning that each of the M battery devices 21, numbered 'b', is connected in series to form multiple battery device groups 2. Each battery device group 2 has a maximum voltage of 2070V-2300V, making it suitable for a 2300V voltage environment. These battery device groups 2 can be connected to an energy storage inverter 20 with a maximum operating voltage of 2300V for the input or output of electrical energy from the energy storage device 10.

[0086] Each battery pack 2 can individually input or output electrical energy to an external device; multiple battery packs 2 can be connected in parallel to input or output electrical energy to an external device; or some of the multiple battery packs 2 can be connected in parallel to input or output electrical energy to an external device. For example, 36 battery devices 21 form 4 battery packs 2, each battery pack 2 includes 9 battery devices 21 connected in series, and two battery packs 2 are connected in parallel to input or output electrical energy to an external device. It is understood that the maximum voltage of the battery pack 2 is the maximum voltage of the energy storage device 10; the plateau voltage of the battery pack 2 is the plateau voltage of the energy storage device 10; and the minimum voltage of the battery pack 2 is the minimum voltage of the energy storage device 10.

[0087] Taking a cabinet 1 containing 36 battery devices 21 as an example, the 36 battery devices 21 can be arranged in nine rows and four columns. Alternatively, the battery devices 21 in each column can be connected in series, so that the energy storage device 10 forms a circuit pattern with four battery device groups 2, and each battery device group 2 has nine battery devices 21 connected in series. Another option is to connect six adjacent battery devices 21 in series, so that the energy storage device 10 forms a circuit pattern with six battery device groups 2, and each battery device group 2 has six battery devices 21 connected in series. By choosing one of these two circuit patterns, the electrical connection between the energy storage device 10 and the energy storage converter 20 can be achieved. The maximum voltage of each battery device 21 can be 230V-250V.

[0088] In this embodiment, by setting the energy storage device 10 to include M battery devices 21, where M has factors a and b, each of the M battery devices 21 can be connected in series to obtain multiple battery device groups 2 with a maximum voltage of 1350V-1500V, thereby enabling the energy storage device 10 to be suitable for a 1500V voltage environment. Alternatively, each of the M battery devices 21 can be connected in series to obtain multiple battery device groups 2 with a maximum voltage of 2070V-2300V, thereby enabling the energy storage device 10 to be suitable for a 2300V voltage environment. On the one hand, this makes the energy storage device 10 suitable for both 1500V and 2300V voltage environments, improving the practicality of the energy storage device 10. On the other hand, both series connection methods can make full use of each battery device 21 in the cabinet 1, reducing the risk of wasted space in the cabinet 1 due to idle battery devices 21, and improving the performance of the energy storage device 10. Therefore, the energy storage device 10 provided in this application embodiment can make full use of the battery device 21 in the cabinet 1, and enables the energy storage device 10 to be applied to two different voltage environments. When the energy storage device 10 is connected to the energy storage converter 20, such an energy storage device 10 can be adapted to energy storage converters 20 with a maximum operating voltage of 1500V and a maximum operating voltage of 2300V, so that the energy storage device 10 can meet the voltage requirements of the two energy storage converters 20, thereby making the application of the energy storage device 10 more extensive, the compatibility stronger, and improving the practicality of the energy storage device 10.

[0089] In some embodiments, U0 is 93V-750V.

[0090] U0 can be any one of the following values: 93V, 95V, 105V, 125V, 147V, 150V, 159V, 164V, 166V, 168V, 176V, 187V, 209V, 214V, 250V, 287V, 300V, 375V, 450V, 460V, 690V, and 750V, or any value between two of them.

[0091] The number of battery devices 21 connected in series in battery device group 2 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16.

[0092] Under normal circumstances, the maximum voltage requirement for battery pack 2 is between 800V and 3000V. When setting the maximum voltage of battery pack 2, the higher the voltage of battery device 21, the fewer battery devices 21 are connected in series; the lower the voltage of battery device 21, the more battery devices 21 are connected in series. Taking a maximum voltage of 1500V for battery pack 2 as an example, when the maximum voltage of battery device 21 is 750V, two battery devices 21 are connected in series to form battery pack 2; when the maximum voltage U0 of battery device 21 is 248.2V, six battery devices 21 are connected in series to form battery pack 2.

[0093] In this embodiment, when the maximum voltage U0 of the battery device 21 is greater than or equal to 93V, the battery device 21 has sufficient voltage, thereby reducing the number of battery devices 21 required and the wiring requirements of the battery devices 21, thus reducing the installation difficulty of the energy storage device 10. When the maximum voltage U0 of the battery device 21 is less than or equal to 750V, it is beneficial to adjust the voltage of the battery device 21 to reduce the difficulty of adapting the energy storage device 10 to voltage environments of 1500V and 2300V. Therefore, when the maximum voltage of the battery device 21 is between 93V and 750V, it is possible to balance reducing the installation difficulty of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the difficulty of adapting the energy storage device 10 to voltage environments of 1500V and 2300V.

[0094] In some embodiments, M is 6-72.

[0095] The number of battery devices 21 can be any one of the following values: 6, 8, 12, 15, 18, 20, 24, 28, 30, 32, 36, 40, 42, 48, 52, 56, 60, 66, 72, or any value between two of them. It is understood that the number of battery devices 21 is an integer value.

[0096] When M≥6, the mass of the battery device 21 can be reduced, which facilitates the handling and transportation of the battery device 21 and reduces the difficulty of setting up the energy storage device 10. When M≤72, the number of battery devices 21 used can be reduced, the wiring requirements of the battery devices 21 can be reduced, and the installation difficulty of the energy storage device 10 can be reduced. Therefore, when the number of battery devices 21 M is 6-72, it is possible to balance reducing the installation difficulty and setting up difficulty of the energy storage device 10.

[0097] In some embodiments, the ratio of a to b is 2:3.

[0098] M is a multiple of 6, such as 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, etc.

[0099] In this embodiment, the ratio of a to b is similar to the ratio of 1500V to 2300V. When a battery devices 21 are connected in series, the voltage of the series-connected battery devices 21 is closer to 1500V. When b battery devices 21 are connected in series, the voltage of the series-connected battery devices 21 is closer to 2300V. This improves the compatibility between the energy storage device 10 and the energy storage converter 20, and enhances the practicality of the energy storage device 10.

[0100] M is 6, a is 2, and b is 3. The maximum voltage of each battery device 21 is 690V-750V. The six battery devices 21 are housed in the cabinet 1. The six battery devices 21 are grouped in pairs to form three battery device groups 2 adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; the six battery devices 21 are also grouped in groups of three to form two battery device groups 2 adapted to a 2300V voltage environment. On the one hand, both series connection methods can make full use of each battery device 21 in the cabinet 1, reducing the risk of wasted space in the cabinet 1 due to idle battery devices 21 in the cabinet 1. On the other hand, it makes the energy storage device 10 more compatible and improves the practicality of the energy storage device 10.

[0101] In some embodiments, M is 12, a is 2, and b is 3. The maximum voltage of each battery device 21 is 690V-750V. The 12 battery devices 21 are housed in the cabinet 1. The 12 battery devices 21 are grouped in pairs to form 6 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or the 12 battery devices 21 are grouped in groups of 3 to form 4 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0102] In some embodiments, M is 24, a is 4, and b is 6. The maximum voltage of each battery device 21 is 345V-375V. The 24 battery devices 21 are housed in the cabinet 1. The 24 battery devices 21 are grouped into groups of 4 to form 6 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or the 24 battery devices 21 are grouped into groups of 6 to form 4 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0103] In some embodiments, M is 36, a is 6, and b is 9. The maximum voltage of each battery device 21 is 230V-250V. The 36 battery devices 21 are housed in the cabinet 1. The 36 battery devices 21 are grouped into groups of 6 to form 6 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or the 36 battery devices 21 are grouped into groups of 9 to form 4 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0104] In some embodiments, M is 48, a is 8, and b is 12. The maximum voltage of each battery device 21 is 172.5V-187.5V. 48 battery devices 21 are housed in the cabinet 1. The 48 battery devices 21 are grouped into groups of 8 to form 6 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or the 48 battery devices 21 are grouped into groups of 12 to form 4 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0105] In some embodiments, M is 72, a is 12, and b is 18. The maximum voltage of each battery device 21 is 115V-125V. The 72 battery devices 21 are housed in the cabinet 1. The 72 battery devices 21 are grouped into groups of 12 to form 6 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 1500V voltage environment; or the 72 battery devices 21 are grouped into groups of 18 to form 4 battery device groups 2 adapted to a 2300V voltage environment.

[0106] In some embodiments, the number M of battery devices 21 is 6, and the maximum voltage U0 of battery devices 21 can be 690V-750V.

[0107] In some embodiments, the number M of battery devices 21 is 12, and the maximum voltage U0 of battery devices 21 is 690V-750V, or it can be 345V-375V.

[0108] In some embodiments, the number M of battery devices 21 is 18, and the maximum voltage U0 of battery devices 21 can be 690V-750V or 230V-250V.

[0109] In some embodiments, the number M of battery devices 21 is 24, and the maximum voltage U0 of battery devices 21 can be 690V-750V, 345V-375V, 230V-250V, or 172.5V-187.5V.

[0110] In some embodiments, the number M of battery devices 21 is 36, and the maximum voltage U0 of battery devices 21 can be 690V-750V, 345V-375V, 230V-250V, or 115V-125V.

[0111] In some embodiments, the number M of battery devices 21 is 48, and the maximum voltage U0 of battery devices 21 can be 690V-750V, 345V-375V, 230V-250V, 115V-125V, or 86.25V-93.75V.

[0112] In some embodiments, the number M of battery devices 21 is 72, and the maximum voltage U0 of battery devices 21 can be 690V-750V, 345V-375V, 230V-250V, or 115V-125V.

[0113] In some embodiments, M is 36, and the M battery devices 21 are arranged in 4 rows and 9 columns inside the cabinet 1. The battery devices 21 in each row are arranged along the length direction X of the cabinet, and the battery devices 21 in each column are arranged along the height direction Z of the cabinet.

[0114] In this embodiment, the M battery devices 21 can neatly fill the internal space of the cabinet 1, reducing the risk of wasting internal space of the cabinet 1, thereby helping to improve the volumetric energy density of the battery devices 21.

[0115] In some embodiments, the battery device 21 includes X1 battery cells arranged in parallel, each battery cell including Y1 battery cells arranged in series, and the product of the number of battery cells and the number of battery cells arranged in series in the battery cells is equal to the number of battery cells in the battery device 21.

[0116] Each battery device 21 contains the same number of battery cells. Y1 battery cells are connected in series to form a battery unit, and X1 battery units are connected in parallel.

[0117] For example, the battery device 21 includes 136 individual battery cells, with 68 individual battery cells forming a battery cell. The 68 individual battery cells of a battery cell are connected in series, and two battery cells are connected in parallel. The voltage of each individual battery cell is 2.8V-3.65V, and the voltage of each battery device 21 is 190.4V-248.2V.

[0118] By connecting Y1 battery cells in series, the voltage of the battery device 21 can be increased. By connecting X1 battery cells in parallel, the capacity of the battery cells can be increased. The voltage of the battery device 21 can be adjusted by configuring the number of battery cells in series and the number of battery cells in parallel.

[0119] In some embodiments, the battery device 21 includes Y2 battery cells arranged in series, each battery cell including X2 battery cells arranged in parallel, and the product of the number of battery cells and the number of battery cells arranged in parallel in the battery cells is equal to the number of battery cells in the battery device 21.

[0120] Each battery device 21 contains the same number of battery cells. X2 battery cells are connected in parallel to form a battery unit, and Y2 battery units are connected in series.

[0121] For example, the battery device 21 includes 136 battery cells, with each pair of battery cells forming a battery unit. The two battery cells of the battery unit are connected in parallel, and 68 battery units are connected in series.

[0122] By connecting Y2 battery cells in series, the voltage of the battery device 21 can be increased. By connecting X2 battery cells in parallel, the capacity of the battery cells can be increased. The voltage of the battery device 21 can be adjusted by configuring the number of battery cells in series and the number of battery cells in parallel.

[0123] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material of the battery cell includes lithium iron phosphate; the number Y1 of battery cells arranged in series in the battery device 21 is 26-205.

[0124] In this embodiment, the maximum voltage of a single battery cell can be any one of 2.8V, 2.9V, 3V, 3.1V, 3.2V, 3.3V, 3.4V, 3.5V, 3.6V, 3.7V, or any range between two of them.

[0125] The number Y1 of battery cells connected in series within the battery device 21 can be any one of 26, 28, 30, 40, 68, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 180, 200, or 205, or any combination thereof.

[0126] The plateau voltage of a battery cell containing lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode active material is typically 2.8V-3.6V. When the maximum voltage of a single battery cell is 3.6V, 26 cells can be connected in series, resulting in a battery device 21 with a voltage of 93.6V. By setting up 48 battery devices 21, a battery device group 2 consisting of 16 battery devices 21 connected in series can be adapted to a voltage environment of 1500V; a battery device group 2 consisting of 24 battery devices 21 connected in series can be adapted to a voltage environment of 2300V.

[0127] In this embodiment, when the positive electrode active material of the battery cell includes lithium iron phosphate, the voltage of the battery device 21 can be further controlled within a reasonable range, the energy storage device 10 can be adapted to the energy storage inverter 20 with a higher voltage, and the compatibility between the energy storage device 10 and the energy storage inverter 20 can be further reduced, thereby reducing production costs.

[0128] In some embodiments, X1 is 1-16.

[0129] X1 can be any one of the point values ​​1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16.

[0130] When X1≥1, the power capacity of the battery device 21 can be increased, thereby improving the performance of the energy storage device 10. When X1≤16, the number of battery cells used in the battery device 21 can be reduced, and the size of the battery device 21 can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of transferring and installing the energy storage device 10. Therefore, when X1 is 1-16, it is possible to balance improving the performance of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the difficulty of transferring and installing the energy storage device 10.

[0131] In some embodiments, X2 is 1-16.

[0132] X2 can be any one of the point values ​​1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16.

[0133] When X2≥1, the capacity of the battery device 21 can be increased, thereby improving the performance of the energy storage device 10. When X2≤16, the number of battery cells used in the battery device 21 can be reduced, and the size of the battery device 21 can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of transferring and installing the energy storage device 10. Therefore, when X2 is 1-16, it is possible to balance improving the performance of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the difficulty of transferring and installing the energy storage device 10.

[0134] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material of the battery cell includes lithium iron phosphate; the number Y2 of battery cells arranged in series in the battery device 21 is 26-205.

[0135] In this embodiment, the maximum voltage of the battery cell can be any one of 2.8V, 2.9V, 3V, 3.1V, 3.2V, 3.3V, 3.4V, 3.5V, 3.6V, 3.7V, or any range between two of them.

[0136] The number Y1 of battery cells connected in series within the battery device 21 can be any one of 26, 28, 30, 40, 68, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 180, 200, or 205, or any combination thereof.

[0137] In this embodiment, the energy storage device 10 can be further adapted to the energy storage converter 20 with a higher voltage and the adaptation difficulty of the energy storage device 10 and the energy storage converter 20 can be further reduced.

[0138] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the cabinet 1 are the same as those of a standard 20-foot shipping container, with a height of 2896mm, 2591mm, or 2438mm.

[0139] Container 1 has the same dimensions as a standard 20-foot container. Specifically, its length, width, and height are identical to those of a standard 20-foot container. There are three standard heights for a 20-foot container: 2896mm, 2591mm, or 2438mm.

[0140] In some embodiments, the length of the battery cell is 100mm-700mm, the width of the battery cell is 10mm-100mm, and the height of the battery cell is 100mm-320mm.

[0141] The length of a single battery cell can be any one of the following values ​​or any combination of two: 100mm, 120mm, 150mm, 180mm, 200mm, 220mm, 250mm, 280mm, 300mm, 320mm, 350mm, 380mm, 400mm, 420mm, 450mm, 480mm, 500mm, 520mm, 550mm, 580mm, 600mm, 620mm, 650mm, 680mm, and 700mm.

[0142] The width of a single battery cell can be any one of 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, or 100mm, or any combination thereof.

[0143] The height of a single battery cell can be any one of the following values, or any combination of two: 100mm, 110mm, 120mm, 130mm, 140mm, 150mm, 160mm, 170mm, 180mm, 190mm, 200mm, 210mm, 220mm, 230mm, 240mm, 250mm, 260mm, 270mm, 280mm, 290mm, 300mm, 310mm, and 320mm.

[0144] The dimensions of container 1 along its length are the same as those of a standard 20-foot container along its length, the dimensions of container 1 along its width are the same as those of a standard 20-foot container along its width, and the dimensions of container 1 along its height are the same as those of a standard 20-foot container along its height.

[0145] The energy storage device 10 may include a standard container, and multiple battery devices 21 may be placed inside the standard container; alternatively, the energy storage device 10 may include multiple standard containers, and multiple battery devices 21 may be placed inside multiple standard containers. It is understood that in embodiments with multiple cabinets 1, the dimensions of each cabinet 1 are consistent with the dimensions of a 20-foot standard shipping container.

[0146] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the cabinet 1 are the same as those of a standard 30-foot shipping container.

[0147] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the cabinet 1 are the same as those of a standard 40-foot shipping container.

[0148] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the cabinet 1 are the same as those of a standard 45-foot shipping container.

[0149] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the cabinet 1 along its length direction are the same as those of a standard container along its length direction, the dimensions of the cabinet 1 along its width direction are the same as those of a standard container along its width direction, and the dimensions of the cabinet 1 along its height direction are not equal to those of a standard container along its height direction.

[0150] A standard container can be a container of the standard size used in transportation, such as 20 feet, 30 feet, 40 feet or 45 feet, which meets the corresponding standards and has corresponding dimensions for length, width and height.

[0151] A 20-foot measurement may include: a length dimension (X) of 6058mm with a tolerance of 0mm-6mm; a width dimension (Y) of 2438mm with a tolerance of 0mm-5mm; and a height dimension (Z) of 2896mm, 2591mm, or no greater than 2438mm with a tolerance of 0mm-5mm.

[0152] A 30-foot measurement may include: a length dimension (X) of 9125mm with a tolerance of 0mm-10mm; a second dimension of 2438mm with a tolerance of 0mm-5mm; and a height dimension (Z) of 2896mm, 2591mm, or no greater than 2438mm with a tolerance of 0mm-5mm.

[0153] A 40-foot dimension may include: a length dimension (X) of 12192mm with a tolerance of 0mm-10mm; a width dimension (Y) of 2438mm with a tolerance of 0mm-5mm; and a height dimension (Z) of 2896mm, 2591mm, or no greater than 2438mm with a tolerance of 0mm-5mm.

[0154] A 45-foot unit can include: a length dimension (X) of 13716 mm with a tolerance of 0 mm to 10 mm; a width dimension (Y) of 2438 mm with a tolerance of 0 mm to 5 mm; and a height dimension (Z) of 2591 mm or 2896 mm with a tolerance of 0 mm to 5 mm.

[0155] Optionally, for cabinets 1 of various sizes, dimensions within ±5% of their dimensions can be considered as dimensions within the tolerance range.

[0156] The height dimension of container 1 can be greater than that of a standard container; or the height dimension of container 1 can be smaller than that of a standard container.

[0157] It is understandable that standard containers of the same size have multiple height specifications. When the height dimension of container 1 is greater than the height dimension of the standard container, the height dimension of container 1 should be greater than the height dimension of the minimum specification of the standard container. For example, if container 1 corresponds to a 20-foot standard container, the length dimension of container 1 is the same as the length dimension of the 20-foot standard container, the width dimension of container 1 is the same as the width dimension of the 20-foot standard container, and the height dimension of container 1 should be greater than 2438mm.

[0158] By setting the length of the cabinet 1 to be the same as the length of the standard container, and the width of the cabinet 1 to be the same as the width of the standard container, it is beneficial to reduce the floor space occupied by the cabinet 1 during transportation and reduce transportation costs. The height of the cabinet 1 is not equal to the height of the standard container, which is beneficial to set different sizes of cabinet 1 according to the number and size of the battery devices 21, and reduce the risk of wasting space in the cabinet 1.

[0159] In some embodiments, the M battery devices 21 include V battery device groups 2 arranged in parallel, and each battery device group 2 includes W battery devices 21 arranged in series, where the product of V and W is M, and V is 2-12.

[0160] V can be any one of the point values ​​from 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.

[0161] When V≥2, the power of the energy storage device 10 can be increased, thereby increasing the input or output power of the energy storage device 10 and improving its performance. When V≤12, the number of battery packs 2 can be reduced, allowing for the use of smaller cabinets or fewer cabinets to accommodate the battery packs 2, thus saving transportation costs. Therefore, when V is 2-12, it is possible to balance improving the performance of the energy storage device 10 with reducing transportation costs.

[0162] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 has a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the M battery devices 21 include c battery device groups 2, each battery device group 2 including a battery devices 21 connected in series, and the product of c and a is M. In the second mode, the M battery devices 21 include d battery device groups 2, each battery device group 2 including b battery devices 21 connected in series, and the product of d and b is M. By setting the energy storage device 10 to the first mode, the energy storage device 10 can obtain the voltage of the a battery devices 21 connected in series in the first mode, and the energy storage device 10 can input or output power according to this voltage. Furthermore, the c battery device groups 2 in the first mode can fully utilize the M battery devices 21 within the cabinet 1, reducing the risk of idle battery devices 21 within the cabinet 1 and improving the performance of the battery devices 21.

[0163] When the energy storage device 10 is in the first mode, each 'a' battery device 21 in the cabinet 1 is connected in series to form multiple battery device groups 2; when the energy storage device 10 is in the second mode, each 'b' battery device 21 in the cabinet 1 is connected in series to form multiple battery device groups 2. The maximum voltage of the battery device group 2 in the first mode is 1350V-1500V, and the maximum voltage of the battery device group 2 in the second mode is 2070V-2300V. 'a' is not equal to 'b', meaning the number of battery devices 21 connected in series in the first mode is not equal to the number of battery devices 21 connected in series in the second mode, and the number of battery device groups 2 in the first mode and the second mode are also different.

[0164] The battery device 21 has a positive terminal lead and a negative terminal lead, through which the battery device 21 realizes the input or output of electrical energy. In the energy storage device 10, each battery device 21 may have two positive terminals and two negative terminals. One positive terminal lead and one negative terminal lead are used to connect to the circuit in the first mode, and the other positive terminal lead and the other negative terminal lead are used to connect to the circuit in the second mode.

[0165] Alternatively, each battery device 21 may have a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The energy storage device 10 can achieve either a first mode or a second mode through two independently configured connection circuits. One connection circuit corresponds to the first mode, and the other corresponds to the second mode. Both circuits connect to the positive and negative terminals of each battery device 21. When switching between the first and second modes, the energy storage device 10 can rewire the wires connecting the positive and negative terminals of each battery device 21 as needed to achieve the wiring requirements of either the first or second mode.

[0166] By setting the energy storage device 10 to the second mode, the energy storage device 10 can obtain the voltage of b battery devices 21 connected in series in the second mode. The voltage of the b battery devices 21 connected in series is different from the voltage of the a battery devices 21 connected in series, thus enabling the energy storage device 10 to have two different voltages for power input or output, improving the practicality of the energy storage device 10. Furthermore, the d battery device groups 2 in the second mode can also fully utilize the M battery devices 21 in the cabinet 1, reducing the risk of idle battery devices 21 in the cabinet 1 and improving the performance of the battery devices 21. Therefore, the energy storage device 10 can fully utilize the battery devices 21 in the cabinet 1 and can have two different voltages for power input or output. The two voltages of the energy storage device 10 can be adapted to the two maximum operating voltages of the energy storage converter 20, reducing the number of energy storage devices 10 required and improving the practicality of the energy storage device 10.

[0167] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 3-6. Figure 6 is a wiring diagram of the battery device group 2 and the main control module 51 provided in some embodiments of this application. The energy storage device 10 also includes c first wiring harness groups 3 and d second wiring harness groups 4. When the energy storage device 10 is in the first mode, each battery device group 2 is provided with a first wiring harness group 3, and each first wiring harness group 3 is connected in series with a battery devices 21. When the energy storage device 10 is in the second mode, each battery device group 2 is provided with a second wiring harness group 4, and each second wiring harness group 4 is connected in series with b battery devices 21.

[0168] c first wire harness groups 3 and d second wire harness groups 4 are independently configured. The c first wire harness groups 3 can be connected in parallel to an external circuit, or each of the c first wire harness groups 3 can be connected to an external circuit individually. Similarly, the d second wire harness groups 4 can be connected in parallel to an external circuit, or each of the d second wire harness groups 4 can be connected to an external circuit individually.

[0169] As an example, as shown in Figure 3, the cabinet 1 contains 36 battery devices 21 arranged in nine rows and four columns; there are four first wiring harness groups 3, each of which connects nine battery devices 21 in a row; there are six second wiring harness groups 4, four of which connect the bottom six battery devices 21 in each column, and the other two second wiring harness groups 4 connect the top three battery devices 21 in two adjacent columns to achieve the connection of six battery devices 21.

[0170] By connecting a battery device 21 in series with the first wiring harness group 3, the energy storage device 10 can input or output electrical energy at a voltage of 1500V. Similarly, by connecting b battery devices 21 in series with the second wiring harness group 4, the energy storage device 10 can input or output electrical energy at a voltage of 2300V. This enables the energy storage device 10 to input or output electrical energy at two voltage levels. By setting up the first wiring harness group 3 and the second wiring harness group 4, the energy storage device 10 can be connected to the energy storage converter 20, facilitating rapid switching between the two voltage levels and improving the practicality of the battery device 21.

[0171] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 further includes a control module 5, which is used to electrically control the battery device 21. The control module 5 includes a main control module 51, which is electrically connected to the battery device 21.

[0172] In the energy storage device 10, the battery device 21 is electrically connected to the main control module 51. The battery device 21 can be connected to an external energy storage inverter 20 through the main control module 51 to achieve electrical conduction between the battery device 21 and the energy storage inverter 20. For example, a battery devices 21 are connected in series to form a battery device group 2, which is then electrically connected to a main control module 51. The main control module 51 can control the on / off connection between the battery device group 2 and the external energy storage inverter 20.

[0173] Each battery pack 2 requires a main control module 51 for control. Since the first mode and the second mode are two independent modes, the main control modules 51 used in the two modes will not affect each other. For example, in the first mode, every 'a' battery packs 21 out of M battery packs 21 are connected in series to form 'c' battery packs 2, and each battery pack 2 corresponds one-to-one with a main control module 51. The first mode uses a total of 'c' main control modules 51. In the second mode, every 'b' battery packs 21 out of M battery packs 21 are connected in series to form 'd' battery packs 2, and each battery pack 2 corresponds one-to-one with a main control module 51. The second mode uses a total of 'd' main control modules 51. The 'd' main control modules 51 in the second mode can be a part of the 'c' main control modules 51 in the first mode.

[0174] By setting the main control module 51 to be electrically connected to the battery device 21, the main control module 51 can control the input or output of electrical energy of the battery device 21, which helps to allocate the electrical energy of the energy storage device 10 and improves the practicality of the energy storage device 10.

[0175] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 has a first mode and a second mode; when the energy storage device 10 is in the first mode, the M battery devices 21 include c battery device groups 2, each battery device group 2 includes a battery devices 21 connected in series, and the product of c and a is M; when the energy storage device 10 is in the second mode, the M battery devices 21 include d battery device groups 2, each battery device group 2 includes b battery devices 21 connected in series, and the product of d and b is M; there are multiple main control modules 51, and each battery device group 2 is connected to one main control module 51.

[0176] Both the battery device group 2 in the first mode and the battery device group 2 in the second mode are independently equipped with a main control module 51. For example, the first mode has two battery device groups 2, and the second mode has three battery device groups 2. The control module 5 includes five main control modules 51, which are electrically connected to the two battery device groups 2 in the first mode and the three battery device groups 2 in the second mode, respectively. Each battery device 21 has a first positive electrode lead 211, a first negative electrode lead 212, a second positive electrode lead 213, and a second negative electrode lead 214. In the first mode, the first positive electrode leads 211 and the first negative electrode leads 212 of every six battery devices 21 are connected in series to form a battery device group 2, which is connected in series with the main control module 51. In the second mode, the second positive electrode leads 213 and the second negative electrode leads 214 of every four battery devices 21 are connected in series to form a battery device group 2, which is connected in series with the main control module 51.

[0177] In this embodiment, the battery device group 2 and the main control module 51 are in one-to-one correspondence, and each battery device group 2 can be connected to the main control module 51, reducing the risk of interference between multiple battery device groups 2.

[0178] In some embodiments, when the energy storage device 10 is in the first mode, c battery packs 2 are connected in parallel; when the energy storage device 10 is in the second mode, d battery packs 2 are connected in parallel.

[0179] For example, the energy storage device 10 includes 36 battery devices 21. In a first mode, every 6 battery devices 21 are connected in series to form 6 battery device groups 2, and the 6 battery device groups 2 are connected in parallel. In a second mode, every 9 battery devices 21 are connected in series to form 4 battery device groups 2, and the 4 battery device groups 2 are connected in parallel.

[0180] In the above embodiments, all M battery devices 21 of the energy storage device 10 can be fully utilized, and the rated output power of the energy storage device 10 is stable. This reduces the risk of inconsistent battery power caused by some battery devices 21 being idle, and improves the performance of the energy storage device 10.

[0181] In some embodiments, the control module 5 further includes a power distribution module 52, a main control module 53, and a fire control module 54. The battery device 21 is electrically connected to the main control module 51, the main control module 53 is electrically connected to the main control module 51, and the main control module 53, the fire control module 54, and multiple main control modules 51 are all electrically connected to the power distribution module 52. The main control module 53 can control the on / off state of the main control module 51, thereby allocating the input or output of electrical energy of the battery device group 2, making the input or output of electrical energy of the battery device group 2 more convenient.

[0182] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 7, which is a structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application. The energy storage device 10 also includes a control compartment 12, in which the control module 5 is housed; the control compartment 12 is located inside a cabinet 1, which includes a battery compartment 11, in which the battery device 21 is housed, and the control compartment 12 is located on one side of the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the cabinet.

[0183] Both the battery compartment 11 and the control compartment 12 can be part of the cabinet 1. The control compartment 12 has a door, which can be the end of the control compartment 1 facing the cabinet 1 along the length X direction of the cabinet; or the end of the control compartment 12 facing the cabinet 1 along the width Y direction of the cabinet.

[0184] By housing the control module 5 within the control compartment 12, it facilitates centralized setup and management of the control module, making it easier to control the energy storage device 10. Furthermore, the control module 5 and the battery device 21 within the battery compartment 11 are independent of each other, reducing the risk of interference between the battery device 21 and the control module 5.

[0185] In this embodiment, by setting the control compartment 12 at one end of the battery compartment 11 along the length X of the cabinet, the control compartment 12 can be operated or repaired at one end of the cabinet 1 along the length X of the cabinet, making the operation and repair of the control compartment 12 more convenient.

[0186] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8, which is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application (showing that the control compartment 12 is placed separately from the cabinet 1). The energy storage device 10 also includes a control compartment 12, in which a control module 5 is housed; the control compartment 12 is placed separately from the cabinet 1.

[0187] The control module 5 is fully housed in the control compartment 12, which is separated from the cabinet 1. The control compartment 12 and the cabinet 1 are electrically connected by wires.

[0188] In an embodiment where the energy storage device 10 includes a first wiring harness group 3 and a second wiring harness group 4, the first wiring harness group 3 and the second wiring harness group 4 connect the control compartment 12 and the battery device group 2 inside the cabinet 1.

[0189] By separating the control compartment 12 from the cabinet 1, the risk of interference between the control compartment 12 and the cabinet 1 can be reduced. The setting of the control compartment 12 is more flexible, making the setting of the energy storage device 10 more convenient.

[0190] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 9, which is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application (showing that the control compartment 12 is located at the top of the cabinet 1). The energy storage device 10 also includes a control compartment 12, in which a control module 5 is housed; the control compartment 12 is located at the top of the cabinet 1.

[0191] All of the control modules 5 are housed in the control compartment 12. The control compartment 12 can be placed on top of the cabinet 1, with the cabinet 1 supporting it; alternatively, the control compartment 12 can be connected to the top of the cabinet 1 via a locking device, such as bolts. The top of the cabinet 1 is the end of the cabinet 1 that is furthest from the ground along the height direction Z.

[0192] In this embodiment, by setting the control compartment 12 at the top of the cabinet 1, the floor space of the energy storage device 10 can be saved, and the energy density of the energy storage device 10 per unit floor space can be increased.

[0193] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 includes multiple cabinets 1, and the main control module 51 is housed in one cabinet 1.

[0194] There can be multiple main control modules 51, and multiple main control modules 51 can be housed in one cabinet 1.

[0195] In this embodiment, it helps to centrally manage the control module 5 and improve the stability of the energy storage device 10.

[0196] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 includes multiple cabinets 1, and the control module 5 is located at one end of the cabinet along the length X direction. In embodiments where two cabinets 1 are arranged along the length X direction, the control module 5 is located at the end of one cabinet 1 opposite to the other cabinet 1. This makes the maintenance of the control module 5 more convenient and reduces the difficulty of maintenance.

[0197] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 includes a plurality of cabinets 1, which are arranged along the height direction Z of the cabinets. The control module 5 may be located at the top of the top cabinet 1; or between two adjacent cabinets 1 arranged along the height direction Z of the cabinets; or at the bottom of the bottom cabinet 1; or inside one of the cabinets 1; or the control module 5 may be placed separately from the multiple cabinets 1.

[0198] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 10, which is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application (showing that the first compartment 121 is located at the top of the cabinet 1). The energy storage device 10 includes a control compartment 12, which includes a first compartment 121 and a second compartment 122 separately disposed from the first compartment 121. Multiple main control modules 51 are located in the second compartment 122, and at least one of the power distribution module 52, the main control module 53, and the fire control module 54 is located in the first compartment 121; the first compartment 121 is located at the top of the cabinet 1.

[0199] The first compartment 121 and the second compartment 122 are separately configured so that they are independent of each other. It is possible that only one of the power distribution module 52, the main control module 53, and the fire control module 54 is located in the first compartment 121, and the rest are located in the second compartment 122; alternatively, two of the power distribution module 52, the main control module 53, and the fire control module 54 are located in the first compartment 121, and the other is located in the second compartment 122; or all of the power distribution module 52, the main control module 53, and the fire control module 54 are located in the first compartment 121. The first compartment 121 can be placed on top of the cabinet 1; alternatively, the second compartment 122 can be connected to the cabinet 1 via a locking accessory, such as a locking pin.

[0200] By setting at least one of the power distribution module 52, the main control module 53, and the fire control module 54 to be located in the first compartment 121, and multiple main control modules 51 to be located in the second compartment 122, the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 122 of the control compartment 12 can be set up separately, reducing the risk of interference between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 122.

[0201] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application (showing a first compartment 121 mounted on a cabinet 1). The energy storage device 10 includes a control compartment 12, which includes a first compartment 121 and a second compartment 122 separately disposed from the first compartment 121. Multiple main control modules 51 are located in the second compartment 122, and at least one of a power distribution module 52, a main control module 53, and a fire control module 54 is located in the first compartment 121. The first compartment 121 is mounted on one end of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X or along the width direction Y of the cabinet.

[0202] The first compartment 121 can be hung at one end of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X; or the first compartment 121 can be hung at one end of the cabinet 1 along the width direction Y.

[0203] In this embodiment, by setting the first compartment 121 to be hung at one end of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X or the width direction Y of the cabinet, it is beneficial to install and disassemble the first compartment 121, and also to inspect the first compartment 121 on one side of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X or the width direction Y of the cabinet.

[0204] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 includes a control compartment 12, which includes a first compartment 121 and a second compartment 122 that is separately arranged from the first compartment 121. Multiple main control modules 51 are located in the second compartment 122, and at least one of the power distribution module 52, the main control module 53 and the fire control module 54 is located in the first compartment 121. The first compartment 121 is placed separately from the cabinet 1.

[0205] In this embodiment, by setting the first compartment 121 to be placed separately from the cabinet 1, the risk of interference between the first compartment 121 and the cabinet 1 can be reduced, making the setting of the first compartment 121 more convenient and reducing the difficulty of setting up the energy storage device 10.

[0206] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application (showing that the second compartment 122 is located inside the cabinet 1). The cabinet 1 includes a battery compartment 11, in which a battery device 21 is housed. The second compartment 122 is located inside the cabinet 1 and is arranged with the battery compartment 11 along the length X direction of the cabinet.

[0207] It can be that only the main control module 51 is located in the second compartment 122; or the main control module 51 is located in the second compartment 122, and only one of the power distribution module 52, the main control module 53, and the fire control module 54 is located in the second compartment 122; or the main control module 51 is located in the second compartment 122, and only two of the power distribution module 52, the main control module 53, and the fire control module 54 are located in the second compartment 122.

[0208] The second compartment 122 may be located at the end of the battery compartment 11 along the length X of the cabinet; or the battery compartment 11 may have two parts spaced apart along the length X of the cabinet, with the second compartment 122 located between the two parts of the battery compartment 11.

[0209] In this embodiment, by setting the second compartment 122 inside the cabinet 1 and arranging it with the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the cabinet, the setting height of the second compartment 122 is reduced, and the operation and maintenance difficulty of the second compartment 122 is reduced.

[0210] In some embodiments, a second compartment 122 is formed at the end of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X of the cabinet.

[0211] In this embodiment, by setting the second compartment 122 to be formed at the end of the cabinet 1, it is convenient to inspect the second compartment 122 along the length direction X of the cabinet, thus reducing the difficulty of operation and maintenance of the second compartment 122.

[0212] In some embodiments, the battery compartment 11 has a first compartment door 111 (shown in FIG. 2), and the second compartment 122 has a first access door 1221 (shown in FIG. 2). The first compartment door 111 and the first access door 1221 are located on the same side of the cabinet 1 along the width direction Y of the cabinet.

[0213] The battery compartment 11 may have a first door 111 on only one side along the width direction Y of the cabinet, and the first maintenance door 1221 may be located on the side of the battery compartment 11 where the first door 111 is located; or the battery compartment 11 may have a first door 111 on both sides along the width direction Y of the cabinet, and the first maintenance door 1221 may be located on only one side of the cabinet 1 along the width direction Y of the cabinet, or it may be located on both sides of the cabinet 1 along the width direction Y of the cabinet.

[0214] By setting the first compartment door 111 and the first inspection door 1221 on the same side of the cabinet 1 along the width direction, it is beneficial to inspect the second compartment 122 along the width direction and reduces the difficulty of inspecting the second compartment 122.

[0215] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 13, which is a structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application (showing the second compartment 122 hanging on the cabinet 1). The second compartment 122 is hung on one side of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X or along the width direction Y of the cabinet.

[0216] The second compartment 122 can be hung on one side of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X; or the second compartment 122 can be hung on one side of the cabinet 1 along the width direction Y.

[0217] In this embodiment, it is beneficial for the installation and disassembly of the second compartment 122, and also for the maintenance of the second compartment 122 on one side of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X or the width direction Y.

[0218] In some embodiments, the second compartment 122 is placed separately from the cabinet 1.

[0219] The second compartment 122 is placed separately from the cabinet 1 so that the second compartment 122 does not contact the cabinet 1. The second compartment 122 and the cabinet 1 are connected by wires. In an embodiment where the energy storage device 10 includes a first wiring harness group 3 and a second wiring harness group 4, the second compartment 122 and the battery device group 2 inside the cabinet 1 are electrically connected by the first wiring harness group 3 and the second wiring harness group 4.

[0220] In this embodiment, the risk of interference between the second compartment 122 and the cabinet 1 can be reduced, making the installation of the second compartment 122 more convenient and reducing the installation difficulty of the energy storage device 10.

[0221] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 further includes a thermal management module 6 for managing the temperature of the battery device 21; the thermal management module 6 is disposed on the top of the cabinet 1.

[0222] The thermal management module 6 can either increase or decrease the temperature of the individual battery cells within the battery device 21. For example, if the battery device 21 is equipped with a water-cooled plate, the thermal management module 6 can circulate liquid into the water-cooled plate and control the temperature of this liquid. Thus, the temperature of the individual battery cells within the battery device 21 can be regulated by controlling the temperature of the liquid flowing through the thermal management module 6.

[0223] In an embodiment where the control module 5 is located at the top of the cabinet 1, both the thermal management module 6 and the control module 5 can be located at the top of the cabinet 1. The thermal management module 6 and the control module 5 are independent of each other. The thermal management module 6 can be located above the control module 5, or the control module 5 can be located above the thermal management module 6.

[0224] By incorporating the thermal management module 6, the risk of thermal runaway in the energy storage device 10 can be reduced. The thermal management module 6 is located on the top of the cabinet 1. On the one hand, this facilitates heat dissipation of the thermal management module 6 and improves its cooling performance; on the other hand, the thermal management module 6 can cover the cabinet 1, reducing the impact of sunlight and rain on the cabinet 1.

[0225] In some embodiments, the thermal management module 6 and the control module 5 are both located inside the cabinet 1, and the thermal management module 6 and the control module 5 are both located on the same side of the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the cabinet, with the thermal management module 6 located above the control module 5.

[0226] In some embodiments, the cabinet 1 further includes a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines, the main pipeline connecting the thermal management module 6 and each branch pipeline, and each branch pipeline connecting the thermal management components of a plurality of battery devices 21 in a row.

[0227] It is understandable that the main pipeline and multiple branch pipelines of cabinet 1 constitute a pipeline system. Each cabinet 1 has two pipeline systems as the liquid inlet and liquid outlet channels for the thermal management components. The structure of each pipeline system is the same. The following explanation uses the liquid inlet pipeline of cabinet 1 as an example.

[0228] As an example, the cabinet 1 has 36 battery devices 21 arranged in 9 rows and 4 columns. The cabinet 1 has a main pipeline connected to the thermal management module 6, and four branch pipelines connected to the main pipeline. Each branch pipeline connects to the thermal management components of the 9 battery devices 21 located in the same column.

[0229] The thermal management module 6 is connected to the main pipeline, which in turn supplies fluid to the main pipeline. The main pipeline supplies fluid to multiple branch pipelines, making the temperature of the fluid entering the thermal management components more uniform and reducing the risk of temperature runaway in the battery device 21.

[0230] In some embodiments, the main pipeline is located inside the cabinet 1 and on top of the plurality of battery devices 21. The main pipeline is located on top of the plurality of battery devices 21 so that it is closer to the thermal management module 6 located on top of the cabinet 1, which facilitates the thermal management module 6 in controlling the temperature of the coolant in the main pipeline.

[0231] In some embodiments, the thermal management module 6 and the thermal management components within the cabinet 1 are connected via quick-connect connectors, with the quick-connect connectors of the cabinet 1 positioned on a partition between the battery compartment 11 and the control compartment 12. A partition is provided between the piping connecting the thermal management components and the control module 5 to reduce the impact of piping leakage on the control module 5. In embodiments where the cabinet includes a main pipeline, the thermal management module 6 is connected to the main pipeline via quick-connect connectors.

[0232] In some embodiments, the thermal management module 6 includes a heat dissipation module disposed on the top of the cabinet 1.

[0233] The heat dissipation module includes a first heat exchanger and a cooling fan, with the cooling fan dissipating heat from the first heat exchanger.

[0234] In this embodiment, the thermal management module 6 further includes a pumping device, a second heat exchanger, a compressor, and a throttling device. The pumping device, the second heat exchanger, the thermal management component, and the pumping device are connected in sequence to form a cooling circulation loop. The compressor, the first heat exchanger, the throttling device, the second heat exchanger, and the compressor are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circulation loop. The components of the thermal management module 6 are independent of the battery, reducing the risk of interference between the thermal management module 6 and the battery. The thermal management component is located within the battery device 21 to manage the temperature of the individual battery cells within the battery device 21.

[0235] The thermal management module 6 includes a pumping device and a second heat exchanger. The pumping device, the second heat exchanger, the thermal management components, and the pumping device are connected in sequence to form a coolant circulation loop.

[0236] It should be noted that the pumping device (also known as a water pump) is a component used to transport the coolant. The second heat exchanger is a component used to exchange heat with the coolant flowing through it. The second heat exchanger can be, but is not limited to, a plate heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, an air cooler, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a heat exchange tube bundle, etc. The coolant can be, but is not limited to, a mixture of ethylene glycol and water.

[0237] Under the pumping action, the coolant can circulate in the coolant circulation loop, passing through the pumping device, the second heat exchanger, the thermal management components, and the pumping device. The above connections can be direct or indirect via pipelines.

[0238] By adopting the above scheme, the coolant can circulate through the thermal management component to directly exchange heat with the battery cells and cool the battery cells; the coolant after exchanging heat with the battery cells can also circulate through the second heat exchanger and exchange heat with the second heat exchanger, and the heat exchanged from the battery cells is transferred to the second heat exchanger, thereby cooling the coolant.

[0239] In some embodiments of this application, the thermal management module 6 further includes a compressor, a throttling device, and a first heat exchanger. The compressor, the first heat exchanger, the throttling device, the second heat exchanger, and the compressor are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circulation loop.

[0240] It should be noted that the above connections can be direct or indirect via piping. The compressor is the component that provides power for the refrigerant circulation and cools the refrigerant. The throttling device is a component used for cooling and pressure reduction; it can be, but is not limited to, a throttling valve or expansion valve. The first heat exchanger is the component used for heat exchange with the refrigerant flowing through it. The first heat exchanger can be, but is not limited to, a plate heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, an air cooler, a spiral plate heat exchanger, or a heat exchange tube bundle. The refrigerant has a low boiling point and heat of vaporization, and can evaporate and condense at relatively low temperatures. It achieves a cooling effect by absorbing and releasing heat. The refrigerant can be, but is not limited to, Freon, ammonia, carbon dioxide, R134A (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane), R410A (Freon R-410A refrigerant), etc.

[0241] The second heat exchanger is located in both the coolant circulation loop and the first refrigerant circulation loop. Internally, the second heat exchanger has coolant and refrigerant channels. The coolant channels participate in forming the coolant circulation loop, supplying the flow of coolant. The refrigerant channels participate in forming the first refrigerant circulation loop, supplying the flow of refrigerant. The coolant and refrigerant channels are not interconnected to prevent mixing. In the second heat exchanger, the coolant and refrigerant can exchange heat, particularly the heat from the coolant, allowing the second heat exchanger to cool the coolant flowing through it.

[0242] In some embodiments, the thermal management module 6 includes a heat dissipation module disposed inside the cabinet 1 and located on top of the plurality of battery devices 21. The thermal management module 6 can cover the battery devices 21, reducing the impact of sunlight and rain on the battery devices 21.

[0243] In some embodiments, the thermal management module 6 includes a heat dissipation module, which is mounted on one side of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X or the width direction Y of the cabinet.

[0244] The thermal management module 6 can be mounted on one side of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X, or it can be mounted on one side of the cabinet 1 along the width direction Y.

[0245] In this embodiment, it is beneficial for the installation and disassembly of the thermal management module 6, and also for the operation and maintenance of the thermal management module 6 on one side of the cabinet 1 along the length direction X or the width direction Y.

[0246] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 further includes a thermal management module 6, which is used to manage the temperature of the battery device 21. The thermal management module 6 is placed separately from the cabinet 1.

[0247] The thermal management module 6 is not in contact with the cabinet 1, and the thermal management module 6 and the battery device 21 inside the cabinet 1 are connected by a pipe.

[0248] In this embodiment, the risk of interference between the thermal management module 6 and the cabinet 1 can be reduced, the difficulty of setting up the thermal management module 6 can be reduced, and the difficulty of setting up the energy storage device 10 can be reduced.

[0249] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 includes multiple cabinets 1 arranged along the height direction Z of the cabinets, with the thermal management module 6 located on top of the topmost cabinet 1. Alternatively, all of the thermal management module 6 may be located on top of the topmost cabinet 1, or only a portion of the thermal management module 6 may be located on top of the topmost cabinet 1. By placing the thermal management module 6 on top of the topmost cabinet 1, the thermal management module 6 can cover multiple cabinets 1, reducing sunlight exposure to the cabinets 1 and thus reducing the risk of temperature imbalance in the cabinets 1.

[0250] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 includes a plurality of cabinets 1, which are arranged along the height direction Z of the cabinets. The thermal management module 6 may be located between two adjacent cabinets 1 along the height direction Z, or it may be located at the bottom of the bottommost cabinet 1.

[0251] This application provides an energy storage system 100, including an energy storage converter 20 and an energy storage device 10 as described in any of the above embodiments. The energy storage converter 20 is electrically connected to the energy storage device 10. The energy storage device 10 is connected to an external device through the energy storage converter 20. The maximum voltage of the battery pack 2 of the energy storage device 10 is adapted to the maximum operating voltage of the energy storage converter 20 to facilitate energy exchange between the energy storage device 10 and the external device.

[0252] Referring to Figure 3, this embodiment of the application provides an energy storage device 10. The energy storage device 10 includes a cabinet 1, multiple battery devices 21, a control module 5, and a thermal management module 6. The cabinet 1 includes a battery compartment 11 and a control compartment 12, with the control compartment 12 located on one side of the battery compartment 11 along the length X direction of the cabinet. Multiple battery devices 21 are housed within the battery compartment 11. The control module 5 includes multiple main control modules 51, all housed within the control compartment 12. The thermal management module 6 is located on the top of the cabinet 1. The cabinet 1 is a 20-foot standard shipping container. M battery devices 21 are housed within the cabinet 1, and the maximum voltage of each battery device 21 is U0. M has multiple factors, including a and b. The product of a and U0 is 1350V-1500V, and the product of b and U0 is 2070V-2300V. a is not equal to b, and neither a nor b is equal to 1 or M.

[0253] In this embodiment, by setting the energy storage device 10 to include M battery devices 21, where M has factors a and b, each of the M battery devices 21 can be connected in series with the factor a to obtain multiple battery device groups 2 with a maximum voltage of 1350V-1500V. This allows the energy storage device 10 to be used with a 1500V energy storage inverter 20. Alternatively, each of the M battery devices 21 can be connected in series with the factor b to obtain multiple battery device groups 2 with a maximum voltage of 2070V-2300V. This allows the energy storage device 10 to be used with a 2300V energy storage inverter 20. On the one hand, this makes the energy storage device 10 suitable for voltage environments of 1500V and 2300V, improving the practicality of the energy storage device 10. On the other hand, both series connection methods can make full use of each battery device 21 in the cabinet 1, reducing the risk of wasted space in the cabinet 1 due to idle battery devices 21, and improving the performance of the energy storage device 10. Therefore, the energy storage device 10 provided in this application embodiment can make full use of the battery device 21 in the cabinet 1, and enables the energy storage device 10 to be applied to two different voltage environments. When the energy storage device 10 is connected to the energy storage converter 20, such an energy storage device 10 can be adapted to energy storage converters 20 with a maximum operating voltage of 1500V and a maximum operating voltage of 2300V, so that the energy storage device 10 can meet the voltage requirements of the two energy storage converters 20, thereby making the application of the energy storage device 10 more extensive, the compatibility stronger, and improving the practicality of the energy storage device 10.

[0254] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, comprising: Cabinet; M battery devices are housed within the cabinet. Each battery device comprises multiple individual battery cells, and the maximum voltage of each battery device is U0. Wherein, M has multiple factors, including a and b, the product of a and U0 is 1350V-1500V, and the product of b and U0 is 2070V-2300V; a is not equal to b, and both a and b are not equal to 1 and are not equal to M.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, U0 is 105V-750V.

3. The energy storage device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, M is 6-72.

4. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The ratio of a to b is 2:

3.

5. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, M is 6, a is 2, and b is 3; Alternatively, M is 12, a is 2, and b is 3; Alternatively, M is 24, a is 4, and b is 6; Alternatively, M is 36, a is 6, and b is 9; Alternatively, M is 48, a is 8, and b is 12; Alternatively, M is 72, a is 12, and b is 18.

6. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The battery device includes X1 battery units arranged in parallel, and each battery unit includes Y1 battery cells arranged in series. The product of the number of battery units and the number of battery cells arranged in series in the battery units is equal to the number of battery cells in the battery device. Alternatively, the battery device may include Y2 battery units connected in series, each battery unit including X2 battery cells connected in parallel, and the product of the number of battery units and the number of battery cells connected in parallel in the battery units is equal to the number of battery cells in the battery device.

7. The energy storage device of claim 6, wherein, X1 is 1-16; or, X2 is 1-16.

8. The energy storage device of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The positive electrode active material of the battery cell includes lithium iron phosphate; Y1 is 26-205, or Y2 is 26-205.

9. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The dimensions of the cabinet are the same as those of a standard 20-foot shipping container, which has a height of 2896mm, 2591mm, or 2438mm.

10. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The cabinet's length dimension is the same as that of a standard container, its width dimension is the same as that of a standard container, but its height dimension is not equal to that of a standard container.

11. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-10, wherein, The M battery devices comprise V battery device groups connected in parallel, and each battery device group comprises W battery devices connected in series, where the product of V and W is M, and V is 2-12.

12. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The energy storage device has a first mode and a second mode; When the energy storage device is in the first mode, the M battery devices include c battery device groups, and each battery device group includes a battery devices connected in series, with the product of c and a being M; when the energy storage device is in the second mode, the M battery devices include d battery device groups, and each battery device group includes b battery devices connected in series, with the product of d and b being M.

13. The energy storage device of claim 12, wherein, The energy storage device also includes: c first wiring harness groups, when the energy storage device is in the first mode, each battery device group is provided with a first wiring harness group, and each first wiring harness group is connected in series with a battery devices. d second wiring harness groups, when the energy storage device is in the second mode, each battery device group is provided with a corresponding second wiring harness group, and each second wiring harness group is connected in series with b battery devices.

14. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The energy storage device also includes: A control module is used to electrically control the battery device. The control module includes a main control module, which is electrically connected to the battery device.

15. The energy storage device of claim 14, wherein, The energy storage device has a first mode and a second mode; When the energy storage device is in the first mode, the M battery devices include c battery device groups, each battery device group includes a battery devices connected in series, and the product of c and a is M; when the energy storage device is in the second mode, the M battery devices include d battery device groups, each battery device group includes b battery devices connected in series, and the product of d and b is M. There are multiple main control modules, and each battery device group is connected to one main control module; When the energy storage device is in the first mode, c of the battery packs are connected in parallel; when the energy storage device is in the second mode, d of the battery packs are connected in parallel.

16. The energy storage device of claim 14 or 15, wherein, The control module also includes a power distribution module, a main control module, and a fire control module. The main control module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the main control module, the fire control module, and the multiple main control modules are all electrically connected to the power distribution module.

17. The energy storage device of any one of claims 14-16, wherein, The energy storage device also includes a control compartment, and the control module is housed within the control compartment; The control compartment is placed separately from the cabinet. Alternatively, the control compartment may be located at the top of the cabinet; Alternatively, the control compartment is located inside a cabinet, the cabinet including a battery compartment, the battery device being housed within the battery compartment, and the control compartment being located on one side of the battery compartment along the length of the cabinet.

18. The energy storage device of any one of claims 14-16, wherein, The energy storage device includes multiple cabinets, and the main control module is housed in one of the cabinets.

19. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-18, wherein, The energy storage device also includes a thermal management module, which is used to manage the temperature of the battery device; The thermal management module includes a heat dissipation module, which is located on the top of the cabinet exterior. Alternatively, the heat dissipation module may be located inside the cabinet and on top of the plurality of battery devices; Alternatively, the heat dissipation module may be mounted on one side of the cabinet along the length of the cabinet or along the width of the cabinet; Alternatively, the thermal management module may be placed separately from the cabinet.

20. An energy storage system, comprising: Energy storage converter; The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-19, wherein the energy storage converter is electrically connected to the energy storage device.

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