Sensing method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a sensing method and an apparatus. The method comprises: on the basis of channel state information (CSI) and channel quality, acquiring a first available frequency point list for sensing measurement, wherein the first available frequency point list comprises one or more available frequency points; and on the available frequency point, sending a first signal to a first device, wherein the first signal is used for sensing measurement. Measurement efficiency can be improved, thereby reducing a measurement duration. The present application supports a sparklink / nearlink protocol, or the present application supports IEEE protocols, such as an IEEE 802.11be / WiFi 7 / extremely high throughput (EHT) protocol, an IEEE 802.11bn / WiFi 8 / ultra high reliability (UHR) protocol, an IEEE integrated mmWave (IMMW) protocol, an IEEE 802.15.4ab / ultra-wideband (UWB) protocol, and an IEEE 802.11bf / sensing protocol.

Description

A method and apparatus for sensing

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411906965.7, filed on December 20, 2024, entitled "A Method and Apparatus for Sensing", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for sensing. Background Technology

[0003] With the continuous development of global communication technologies, the development speed and application of wireless communication technology have surpassed those of wired communication technology, showing a booming development trend. Intelligent transportation equipment, smart home devices, robots, and other intelligent devices are gradually entering people's daily lives. In the course of technological development, various electronic devices (including intelligent devices) can perform wireless measurement, sensing, and positioning based on wireless communication technology. For example, wireless technology can be applied to indoor positioning, keyless entry and start, asset management, human presence detection, and motion perception.

[0004] However, in scenarios where wireless technology is used, such as wireless measurement or sensing, there are problems such as long measurement time and low measurement efficiency. How to improve measurement efficiency and reduce measurement time has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a sensing method and apparatus that can improve measurement efficiency and reduce measurement time.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a sensing method, which can be executed by a second device. Unless otherwise specified, "second device" in this application can refer to a second device (e.g., an electronic device), a component within the second device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second device. The method includes: determining a first available frequency list for sensing measurements based on channel state information (CSI) and channel quality, the first available frequency list including one or more of the available frequency points; and transmitting a first measurement signal to a first device on the available frequency point, the first measurement signal being used for sensing measurements.

[0007] It should be understood that in some frequency-hopping measurement and sensing scenarios, such as narrowband frequency-hopping measurement and sensing using Sparklink Low Energy (SLE) and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), the sensing measurement process does not require measuring all frequency points; measuring only some frequency points is sufficient to meet the sensing accuracy. The sensing method provided in this application can acquire the frequency points required for measurement to meet the sensing accuracy; these frequency points can be referred to as available frequency points. Sensing is performed by transmitting or receiving signals on these available frequency points. The available frequency points used for sensing measurement in this application can be represented by a first available frequency point table. During the sensing process, since the number of available frequency points in the first available frequency point table is relatively small, it is equivalent to reducing the number of available frequency points for transmitting and receiving measurement signals, thereby reducing measurement time and power consumption and improving measurement efficiency.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the method of determining the first available frequency point table for sensing measurements includes at least one of the following: determining the first available frequency point table by a preset configuration; or, determining the first available frequency point table by CSI and channel quality measured at the local end; or, determining the first available frequency point table by CSI and channel quality measured at the peer end; or, determining the first available frequency point table by a first message from the first device, the first message carrying the first available frequency point table.

[0009] It should be understood that the second device can determine the first available frequency list by using the CSI and channel quality measured by the peer carried in the message sent from the first device. The message from the first device can be a first message or other messages, and this application does not limit the types of messages. The first message is at least one of a configuration message, an acknowledgement (ACK) message, or a CSI feedback message. Obtaining the first available frequency list through multiple methods allows the sensing method provided in this application to be applied to a wider range of scenarios.

[0010] In sensing measurement, there are different sensing scenarios, including one-way sensing and two-way sensing. The method provided in this application can be applied to different sensing scenarios. In one possible implementation, in a two-way sensing scenario, the second device receives first sensing data from the first device, which is obtained from a first measurement signal; the second device also receives a second measurement signal from the first device and obtains second sensing data based on the second measurement signal. In this scenario, the second device obtains the sensing result of the sensing measurement based on the first and second sensing data; in other words, the second device obtains the sensing result based on the second measurement signal and the first sensing data.

[0011] In one possible implementation, in a one-way sensing scenario, the one-way sensing is achieved by a second device obtaining the sensing measurement result. Specifically, the second device receives a second measurement signal from the first device and obtains the sensing measurement result based on this second measurement signal. Further, the second device obtains second sensing data based on the second measurement signal and then obtains the sensing measurement result based on the second sensing data.

[0012] In one possible implementation, in a one-way sensing scenario, the one-way sensing is obtained by the first device from the sensing measurement result, that is, the second device sends a first measurement signal to the first device.

[0013] For example, the sensing data provided in this application (i.e., the first sensing data or the second sensing data) includes CSI or data obtained by processing CSI, such as initial CSI (or measured CSI, etc.) or intermediate results of CSI, such as processed subcarriers (which may be subcarriers transformed to other domains, such as the range Doppler domain, etc.), or compressed CSI, etc.

[0014] This application expands the application scenarios of the sensing method by providing sensing methods under different sensing scenarios, making the application of the sensing method more widespread.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: a second device sending a third signal to the first device on a first available frequency point, the first available frequency point table including the first available frequency point, the third signal being used for synchronization during the initialization phase of sensing measurement.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the method further includes sending a second message indicating that the first device should synchronize with the initialization phase for a period of K sensing event groups, where K is a non-negative integer. When K > 1, the first device can perform sensing-oriented measurements on available frequency points based on multiple sensing event groups simultaneously, reducing the number of initialization phases. This means multiple sensing event groups can share a single initialization phase, saving overhead and reducing the decrease in sensing accuracy caused by frequent automatic gain control (AGC) adjustments in multiple initialization phases, which can lead to discontinuities in the phase and / or amplitude (at least one of phase or amplitude) of measurement results due to different AGC levels. Furthermore, the first available frequency point is derived from a first available frequency point table, ensuring that the AGC results of the initialization phase match the AGC results of subsequent sensing phases, without needing to initialize on channels different from the sensing channel set.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the time intervals between adjacent sensing event groups are randomized. Using randomized intervals between different sensing event groups can avoid interference between periodically repeating sensing event groups.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the sensing event group comprises multiple sensing events. Each sensing event corresponds to a measurement interaction (bidirectional measurement) completed by the initiating node and the subsequent node on an available frequency, or a measurement sent by the initiating node on an available frequency. Multiple sensing events completed on all available frequencies constitute a sensing event group. In StarFlash SLE, a sensing event group can also be referred to as a single SLE measurement (SLEM). Multiple sensing event groups constitute a set of sensing event groups, also known as a sensing process.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the method further includes receiving a fourth signal from the first device, the fourth signal comprising the CSI obtained for every W sensing event groups, where W is a positive integer. When W > 1, the CSI of each of the W sensing event groups can be obtained simultaneously based on measurement signals from multiple sensing event groups at one or more available frequency points. That is, the feedback received by the second device is the CSI of the W sensing event groups fed back together after an initialization phase, eliminating the need for initialization before each CSI feedback. This reduces the amount of CSI feedback and the initialization phase in sensing measurements, shortens the measurement time, and reduces measurement overhead.

[0020] One possible implementation further includes: updating the first available frequency point table based on the CSI obtained from the W sensing event groups; and sending a third message to the first device, the third message including the updated first available frequency point table. It should be understood that the first available frequency point table used by the second device should be consistent with that used by the first device; for example, it can be refreshed synchronously, and the available frequency point table should be updated promptly after the measurement of the W sensing event groups. This method allows for timely adjustments to the sensing measurements to meet different sensing needs, making the application of the sensing method more flexible and the measurement results more accurate.

[0021] Secondly, this application provides a sensing method, which can be executed by a first device. Unless otherwise specified, "first device" in this application can refer to a first device (e.g., an electronic device), a component within the first device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first device. The method includes: determining a first available frequency list for sensing measurements based on CSI and channel quality, the first available frequency list including one or more available frequency points; and receiving a first signal from a second device on the available frequency points, the first signal being used for sensing measurements.

[0022] In one possible implementation, determining the first available frequency list for sensing measurements includes at least one of the following: determining the first available frequency list by a preset configuration; or, determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the local end; or, determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the peer end; or, determining the first available frequency list by a third message from the second device, the third message carrying the first available frequency list.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first signal includes a first measurement signal, and the method further includes: obtaining first sensing data based on the first measurement signal; and sending the first sensing data to the second device.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending a second measurement signal to the first device on the available frequency point, the second measurement signal being used to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: obtaining the perception result of the perception measurement based on the first measurement signal.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving a third signal from the second device on a first available frequency point, the first available frequency point table including the first available frequency point, the third signal being used for synchronization during the initialization phase of the sensing measurement.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the method further includes receiving a second message indicating that the first device is synchronized with the first device in an initialization phase period of K sensing event groups, where K is a non-negative integer.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the time intervals between adjacent sensing event groups are random.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the method further includes sending a fourth signal to the second device, the fourth signal including CSI obtained for every W groups of sensed events, where W is a positive integer.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the method further includes receiving a third message from the second device, the second message including a first available frequency point table, such as an updated first available frequency point table, the first available frequency point table being updated based on the CSI obtained from the W sensing event groups.

[0031] It should be understood that the second aspect of this application corresponds to the technical solution of the first aspect of this application, and the beneficial effects achieved by each aspect and the corresponding feasible implementation are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0032] Thirdly, this application provides a second device, which includes a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0033] The processing module is configured to determine a first available frequency point table for sensing measurements based on CSI and channel quality, the first available frequency point table including one or more available frequency points;

[0034] The transceiver module is used to send a first signal to the first device on the available frequency, the first signal being used for sensing and measurement.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the processing module is specifically configured to determine a first available frequency list for sensing measurements by at least one of the following methods: determining the first available frequency list by a preset configuration; or, determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the local end; or, determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the peer end; or, determining the first available frequency list by a first message from a first device, wherein the first message carries the first available frequency list.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive first sensing data from the first device, the first sensing data being obtained from the first measurement signal; the processing module is further configured to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement based on the first sensing data.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a second measurement signal from the first device; the processing module is further configured to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement based on the second measurement signal.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive first sensing data and a second measurement signal from the first device, and the processing module is further configured to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement based on the first sensing data and the second measurement signal.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to send a third signal to the first device on a first available frequency point, the first available frequency point table including the first available frequency point, and the third signal is used for synchronization during the initialization phase of sensing measurement.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to send a second message indicating that the first device is to be synchronized with the first device in an initialization phase period of K sensing event groups, where K is a non-negative integer.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the time intervals between adjacent sensing event groups are random.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a fourth signal from the first device, the fourth signal including CSI obtained for every W groups of sensed events, where W is a positive integer.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to update the first available frequency point table based on the CSI obtained from the W sensing event groups; the transceiver module is further configured to send a third message to the first device, the third message including the updated first available frequency point table.

[0044] It should be understood that the fourth aspect of this application is the same as the first aspect of this application in terms of technical solution, and the beneficial effects achieved by each aspect and the corresponding feasible implementation are similar, so they will not be repeated here.

[0045] Fourthly, this application provides a first device, which includes: a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0046] The processing module is configured to determine a first available frequency point table for sensing measurements based on CSI and channel quality, the first available frequency point table including one or more available frequency points; the transceiver module is configured to receive a first measurement signal from a second device on the available frequency points, the first measurement signal being used for sensing measurements.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the processing module is specifically configured to determine a first available frequency list for sensing measurements in at least one of the following ways: by determining the first available frequency list by a preset configuration; or by determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the local end; or by determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the peer end; or by determining the first available frequency list by a third message from the second device, the third message carrying the first available frequency list.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the first signal includes a first measurement signal, and the processing module is further configured to obtain first sensing data based on the first measurement signal; the transceiver module is further configured to send the first sensing data to the second device.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to send a second measurement signal to the first device on the available frequency, the second measurement signal being used to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to obtain the perception result of the perception measurement based on the first perception data.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a third signal from the second device on a first available frequency point, the first available frequency point table including the first available frequency point, and the third signal being used for synchronization during the initialization phase of the sensing measurement.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a second message indicating that the first device is to be synchronized with the first device in an initialization phase with a period of K sensing event groups, where K is a non-negative integer.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the time intervals between adjacent sensing event groups are random.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to send a fourth signal to the second device, the fourth signal including the CSI obtained per W sensing event group, where W is a positive integer.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a second message from the second device, the second message including an updated first available frequency point table, the first available frequency point table being updated based on the CSI obtained from the W sensing event groups.

[0056] It should be understood that the fourth aspect of this application corresponds to the technical solution of the first aspect of this application and is the same as the technical solution of the second aspect. The beneficial effects obtained by each aspect and the corresponding feasible implementation are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0057] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device, which may be an electronic device or a device in an electronic device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system). The communication device includes a transceiver and a processor for performing the method as described in any of the above aspects or any possible implementations of any of the above aspects.

[0058] Optionally, the communication device includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor for performing the method as described in any of the above aspects or any possible implementations of any of the above aspects. For example, the memory may be disposed in the communication device or may be an external device of the communication device.

[0059] Sixthly, this application provides a communication device, comprising: an input / output interface and a logic circuit, wherein the input / output interface is used to acquire input information and / or output information; and the logic circuit is used to perform the method described in any of the above aspects or any possible implementation thereof, processing the input information and / or generating output information.

[0060] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a communication device including at least one processor and a storage medium. The at least one processor is coupled to the storage medium, which stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, enable the processor to perform the method described in any of the foregoing aspects or any possible implementation thereof. The storage medium may be included in the communication device or disposed outside the communication device.

[0061] Eighthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any of the foregoing aspects or any possible implementations of any of the foregoing aspects.

[0062] Ninthly, this application provides a computer program product comprising instructions that, when executed on a processor, implement the method as described in any of the foregoing aspects or any possible implementations of any of the foregoing aspects.

[0063] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a chip comprising: an interface circuit and a processor. The interface circuit is connected to the processor, and the processor is configured to cause the chip to perform some or all of the operations included in any of the methods described in any of the foregoing aspects and any possible implementations of any of the foregoing aspects.

[0064] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application also provide a chip, including: at least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to execute code in the memory, and when the at least one processor executes the code, the chip implementing some or all of the operations included in the method of any of the foregoing aspects and any possible implementation of any of the foregoing aspects.

[0065] Optionally, the chip also includes a memory. The memory can be integrated with the processor or disposed separately from the processor; the memory can be integrated on the same chip as the processor or disposed on different chips.

[0066] Alternatively, the chip described above can also be an integrated circuit.

[0067] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a system comprising a second device as described in the third aspect and a first device as described in the fourth aspect.

[0068] In a thirteenth aspect, this application provides a system that includes communication devices as provided in any of the fifth to eleventh aspects.

[0069] It should be understood that the fifth to thirteenth aspects of this application are consistent with or correspond to the technical solutions of the first and second aspects of this application, and the beneficial effects obtained by each aspect and the corresponding feasible implementation are similar, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0070] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0071] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0072] Figure 2 is a channel diagram of SLE frequency hopping measurement provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0073] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0074] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0075] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a sensing process provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0076] Figure 6a is a perception flowchart of each SLEM having an initialization phase provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0077] Figure 6b is a flowchart illustrating the perception process of multiple SLEMs having an initialization phase, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0078] Figure 7 is a channel diagram of narrowband signal frequency hopping measurement provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0079] Figure 8 is a schematic flowchart of a time interval randomization method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0080] Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0081] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0082] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a digital car key system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0083] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0084] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0085] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device 50 according to an embodiment of this application.

[0086] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device 60 provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0087] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0088] In this document, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Here, A and B can be single or multiple. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions are used to represent any combination of the listed items. For example, at least one of A, B, and / or C can represent: A existing alone, B existing alone, C existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, B and C existing simultaneously, A and C existing simultaneously, and A, B, and C existing simultaneously. Here, A, B, and C can be single or multiple.

[0089] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order of objects. For example, "first target object" and "second target object," etc., are used to distinguish different target objects, not to describe a specific order of target objects.

[0090] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0091] In the description of the embodiments in this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple processing units means two or more processing units; multiple systems means two or more systems.

[0092] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 applicable to this embodiment may include multiple devices, such as a first device 10 and a second device 20. The first device 10 and the second device 20 are devices capable of forming a sensing link, or in other words, the node where the first device 10 is located and the node where the second device 20 is located can form a sensing link. For example, the node where the first device 10 is located and the node where the second device 20 is located are both communication sensing (referred to as sensing) nodes. For example, in a one-way sensing scenario where A sends and B receives, the second device 20 can send a signal for sensing measurement, such as a measurement signal (or sensing signal, or sensing measurement signal, etc.). After receiving the measurement signal, the first device 10 can obtain sensing data, such as CSI, based on the signal, and obtain a sensing measurement result (or sensing result or measurement result) based on the sensing data (such as CSI). Alternatively, in a one-way sensing scenario where A transmits and B receives (i.e., node A sends a sensing signal to node B), the first device 10 can send a measurement signal for sensing measurement. After receiving the measurement signal, the second device 20 can obtain the sensing measurement result based on the signal. Here, one-way sensing means that after node A sends a measurement signal to node B, node B does not send a measurement signal back to node A. Alternatively, in a two-way sensing scenario where A transmits and B receives, both the first device 10 and the second device 20 send the measurement signal to the other end and both can obtain CSI (or CSI report, etc.) based on the received measurement signal. The first device 10 or the second device 20 obtains the sensing measurement result based on the CSI measured by its own device and the CSI sent by the other end device. Here, two-way sensing means that after node A sends a measurement signal to node B, node B then sends a measurement signal back to node A, forming an interaction of measurement signals; or, two-way sensing means that after node B sends a measurement signal to node A, node A then sends a measurement signal back to node B, forming an interaction of measurement signals. For example, in SparkLink SLE, SparkLink Basic (SLB), SparkLink Positioning (SLP), BLE, or ultra-wideband (UWB) sensing, interactive bidirectional measurements can be used to stitch narrowband measurements into a large-bandwidth measurement signal, thereby improving sensing resolution and accuracy through the large-bandwidth signal. In one possible implementation, sensing parameter configuration (the name of this configuration is not limited in this embodiment; any parameter used to configure sensing-related parameters can be considered as this sensing parameter configuration) can be used to configure whether the first device 10 should send a CSI report to the second device 20 or the second device 20 should send a CSI report to the first device 10.It should be understood that the sensing parameter configuration can also be used to configure other sensing parameters, such as whether the first device 10 and the second device 20 perform unidirectional or bidirectional sensing, and this application embodiment does not limit this. For example, in a bidirectional sensing scenario, the sensing parameter configuration can be configured such that the second device 20 sends a measurement signal to the first device 10 first. That is, the second device 20 (or the node where the second device 20 is located) can be configured as the first-sending node, and the first device 10 (or the node where the first device 10 is located) can be configured as the second-sending node. In one possible implementation, the sensing parameter configuration can also include the configuration of the CSI feedback direction. For example, the sensing parameter configuration can include an indication for the first device 10 to feed back CSI to the second device 20, or an indication for the second-sending node to send CSI to the first-sending node, or an indication for the first-sending node to send CSI to the second-sending node, etc.

[0093] The first device 10 and the second device 20 provided in this application embodiment can be deployed in the same network (or connected to the same network). The electronic devices (including the first device 10 and the second device 20) in this application embodiment can be processors, chips, or chip systems, etc., or the devices can be logic modules or software that can implement all or part of the functions, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations. In one possible implementation, the first device provided in this application embodiment is an electronic device or a part of an electronic device, and the second device provided in this application embodiment is an electronic device or a part of an electronic device.

[0094] The electronic devices and apparatuses provided in the embodiments of this application support the Spark Link / NearLink protocol, or this application supports IEEE protocols, such as IEEE 802.11be / Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) 7 / Extremely High Throughput (EHT) protocol, IEEE 802.11bn / WiFi 8 / Ultra High Reliability (UHR) protocol, IEEE Integrated mmWave (IMMW) protocol, IEEE 802.15.4ab / UWB protocol, and IEEE 802.11bf / Sensing protocol.

[0095] The electronic devices provided in this application embodiment can be any device with wireless transceiver capabilities, including but not limited to cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, smartphones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, drone devices, electronic devices in the Internet of Things or the Internet of Vehicles, and other devices connected to a wireless modem.

[0096] The electronic device may also include electronic devices in virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), machine type communication (MTC), industrial control (e.g., smart manufacturing), self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart city, and smart home.

[0097] The electronic device may also include personal portable electronic devices, computer peripherals, and various household or industrial electrical equipment, including but not limited to terminal devices such as various types of user equipment (UE), mobile phones, tablets, desktop computers, headphones, speakers, etc.

[0098] This electronic device can also include various terminal devices, such as wireless headphones, VR headsets, monitors, televisions, remote controls, network adapters, cameras, controllers, laptops, in-vehicle computers, in-vehicle terminals (such as microphones and speakers), projectors, printers, and high-fidelity (HiFi) speakers. It should be understood that in the Internet of Things (IoT) scenario, terminal devices can be in the form of tags or any other arbitrary terminal form.

[0099] The electronic device may also include machine intelligence devices, such as self-driving devices, transportation safety devices, smartphones, smart screens, smart speakers (such as artificial intelligence (AI) speakers), smart sensors, smart wristbands, smart watches, smart glasses, smart cars, smart lathes, smart monitoring equipment, etc.

[0100] The electronic device may also include wearable devices such as smartwatches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.

[0101] The electronic device may also include various in-vehicle devices, such as cockpit domain devices, or a module of a cockpit domain device (such as one or more modules such as a cockpit domain controller (CDC), camera, screen, microphone, audio system, electronic key, keyless entry or start system controller, etc.).

[0102] The electronic device may also include data relay devices, such as routers, repeaters, bridges, or switches.

[0103] The electronic device may also be a logic module or software that can perform all or part of the functions of the first device.

[0104] The sensing method provided in this application can be applied to different systems.

[0105] In some possible implementations, this sensing method can be applied to short-range wireless communication systems and wireless communication systems that support longer-range transmission. That is, the technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to, but are not limited to, short-range wireless communication systems and wireless communication systems that support longer-range transmission (such as 1km-18km, or over 18km) (such as the next-generation SparkLink / NearLink wireless communication system). The short-range wireless communication system can include short-range wireless communication technology (also known as SparkLink 1.0 technology), which has advantages such as ultra-low latency, ultra-high reliability, and precise synchronization, and is suitable for applications in smart cars, smart homes, smart terminals, and smart manufacturing. For example, applications in smart car scenarios include: immersive in-vehicle sound field & noise reduction, wireless interactive projection, and 360-degree panoramic surround view, which can achieve an immersive interactive experience and improve vehicle safety. Wireless communication systems that support longer transmission distances (such as 1km to 18km) mainly include next-generation StarSpark wireless communication systems, such as StarSpark 2.0 and StarSpark 3.0 wireless communication systems. They are not only suitable for communication scenarios with low latency requirements, such as the aforementioned vehicle communication and industrial control scenarios, but also for communication scenarios with low latency requirements.

[0106] In some possible implementations, the aforementioned communication system may be used in conjunction with mobile communication systems, such as, but not limited to, fourth-generation (4G) communication systems (e.g., long-term evolution (LTE) systems), fifth-generation (5G) communication systems (e.g., new radio (NR) systems), and future mobile communication systems such as sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems.

[0107] In some possible implementations, the sensing method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000), time division-synchronization code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), LTE system, satellite communication, 5G communication system, 6th-generation (6G) communication system, or new communication systems that will emerge in the future. This application embodiment does not limit the scope of the application.

[0108] The devices (including a first device and a second device) provided in this application embodiment have wireless communication capabilities. For example, the device can be configured with multiple antennas (or antenna modules), which may include at least one transmitting antenna for transmitting signals and at least one receiving antenna for receiving signals. In addition, each communication device also includes a transmitter chain and a receiver chain. Those skilled in the art will understand that they can all include multiple components related to signal transmission and reception (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, or antennas, etc.). The device can be a network device or a terminal device; this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0109] Based on the aforementioned communication systems and wireless technologies, the following explanation uses a smart cockpit wireless communication system under the StarFlash technology as an example. Imagine a vehicle containing multiple communication domains. Each domain includes a master node (also called a grant node, or G node) and at least one slave node (also called a terminal node, or T node). The G node is a node in the communication system that possesses resource scheduling capabilities and sends control information such as resource management information and / or data scheduling information. The T node is a node in the communication system that receives the control information such as resource management information and / or data scheduling information sent by the G node and performs data transmission or reception based on this control information. In other words, this communication system can achieve data transmission between nodes by scheduling slave nodes through the master node.

[0110] Passive Entry Passive Start (PEPS) is an example of in-vehicle wireless positioning applications. In PEPS, users don't need a key; the in-vehicle positioning system can locate the user's car key or mobile phone to automatically lock or unlock the doors. In one possible scenario, the anchor points of the in-vehicle positioning system can also be reused for wireless sensing, such as detecting a person's kicking motion at the trunk to automatically open or close the trunk upon detection. This PEPS can be implemented based on StarFlash wireless communication technology.

[0111] It should be understood that the sensing method provided in this application embodiment can be used in vehicle-mounted wireless positioning scenarios (e.g., PEPS), indoor and outdoor positioning scenarios (or ranging scenarios or sensing scenarios), and can also be used in other wide-area wireless communication or local wireless communication scenarios. In the embodiments of this application, the steps for realizing positioning, ranging, angle measurement, or sensing are similar. Any of the terms "positioning", "ranging", "angle measurement", "measurement", or "sensing" can refer to "positioning, ranging, angle measurement, measurement, or sensing".

[0112] In SLE or BLE, channel sounding (CS) requires measurement (also known as communication measurement) or sensing (also known as sensing measurement) across all available frequency points. One example is that SLE utilizes 79 frequency points within the 2.4 GHz band. On these 79 frequency points, a first device and a second device perform bidirectional measurement interactions. The measurement results (CSI) obtained from these 79 frequency points are then combined across multiple frequency points to achieve bandwidth splicing. Another example is that either the first or second device performs unidirectional measurement interactions across the 79 frequency points, and then the CSI obtained from these 79 frequency points is combined across multiple frequency points to achieve bandwidth splicing.

[0113] For example, in a scenario where SLE performs sensing, measurement methods such as linear frequency hopping and random frequency hopping can be supported. For instance, if there is no pre-defined (or pre-pre-defined) available frequency point table (or available channel table) for similar communication or communication measurements, SLE maps the obtained frequency point indexes to the available frequency point table and finally outputs the mapped frequency points. The available frequency point table first includes the valid frequency points obtained after channel quality estimation; that is, this available frequency point table can be refreshed according to input parameters, such as channel quality. When the quality of one or more channels deteriorates, the corresponding frequency point in the available frequency point table becomes unavailable (or unusable frequency point), and the G node or sensing control node (first-sending node or second-sending node) sends the updated available frequency point table to the sensing node. For example, this available frequency point table can be arranged in ascending order. The following example illustrates a bidirectional sensing measurement (or measurement of a sensing event group) in SLE. This example can be categorized as follows: the second device is the initiator (or initiator), and the first device is the responder (or responder). The steps include: an initialization phase, bidirectional measurement of multi-frequency phase (or CSI), and joint processing of the measurement results. The initialization phase is used for timing and frequency synchronization between the initiator and responder. It is understood that an initialization phase precedes the measurement of each event group, where the initiator and responder perform AGC training, timing, and frequency synchronization. It should be understood that a sensing event group includes multiple sensing events. One sensing event corresponds to a measurement interaction (bidirectional measurement) completed by the initiator and responder on an available frequency, or the initiator sending a measurement to the responder on an available frequency. After multiple sensing events are completed on all available frequencies, it is called a sensing event group. In StarSpark SLE, a sensing event group can also be called a single SLEM. Multiple sensing event groups constitute a set of sensing event groups, also known as a sensing process.

[0114] Multi-frequency phase (or CSI) bidirectional measurement includes bidirectional measurement performed by a first device and a second device on a first frequency (in this embodiment, the available communication frequency is referred to as the first frequency, or the full frequency, such as the first frequency including 79 frequency points), and the measurement of all available frequency points is completed based on pseudo-random frequency hopping or sequential frequency hopping. If the sensing parameter configuration includes a configuration or indication for the first device to feed back CSI to the second device, the first device can send the measurement results (such as phase information or CSI) of the first frequency obtained by measurement to the second device. The second device can perform joint processing based on the received measurement results (e.g., for CSI transmission, it is equivalent to the first device transmitting the CSI obtained on 79 frequency points to the second device through the SLE automatic call back (ACB) link) and the measurement results obtained locally (such as phase information or CSI) to obtain the bidirectional sensing measurement results.

[0115] The example is illustrated by referring to relevant parameters. For instance, Figure 2 is a channel diagram of SLE frequency hopping measurement provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 2, each measurement (i.e., each SLEM) uses frequency hopping from 2402MHz to 2480MHz, and SLE uses a 1MHz or 2MHz narrowband signal for frequency hopping measurement. When the frequency interval for measurement is 1MHz, the 79 frequency points need to be measured sequentially by frequency hopping. For example, a sensing process includes: sending a measurement frame for initialization on a 2.4GHz channel (e.g., 2408MHz), and sending frames for measuring signals on all remaining channels (e.g., the channels corresponding to the other 78 frequency points). The initialization phase may include AGC configuration of the second and first devices, time and frequency synchronization, etc. It should be understood that the initialization phase can also be called an initialization phase event, initialization synchronization, etc., and can be used for AGC and time-frequency synchronization.

[0116] Statistical analysis shows that this method of performing communication or sensing measurements using a single frequency point (e.g., 79 frequency points) results in a measurement duration of up to 30ms per SLEM, incurring significant measurement overhead (such as power consumption, measurement time, and CSI feedback). For a specific measurement requirement, such as measuring the presence of someone or performing breathing measurements, at a 10Hz refresh rate, the total measurement time (air interface measurement time) within 1 second can reach as high as 300ms. This can be understood as the large number of frequency points being measured (each frequency point corresponds to one channel, meaning a large number of channels are being measured), leading to long measurement times and low measurement efficiency. Furthermore, the CSI feedback from the first device to the second device also requires completing each SLEM across the 79 frequency points. In other words, a single SLEM requires transmitting over 300 bytes, resulting in a large amount of feedback data and significant measurement overhead. In addition, there is an initialization phase in each measurement event group. That is, because there are 79 frequency points to be measured, and each frequency point measurement requires an AGC, the AGC of the initialization node is relatively frequent. Frequent AGC in the initialization phase will degrade the sensing accuracy.

[0117] To address the problem of long measurement times and low efficiency caused by a large number of frequency points to be measured, this application provides a sensing method that can meet the sensing accuracy requirements without needing all the measurement frequencies, such as in the sensing of human presence or respiration. This reduces the number of available frequency points in sensing measurements and improves measurement efficiency.

[0118] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is illustrated using a second device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system) as an example. This second device can be an electronic device such as a mobile phone, car, or car key, or it can be a device or component within these electronic devices. This embodiment of the application does not impose any limitations. As shown in Figure 3, the method includes steps S101 and S102.

[0119] S101. The second device determines a first available frequency list for sensing measurements based on CSI and channel quality. The first available frequency list includes one or more available frequency points.

[0120] It should be understood that, in different sensing scenarios, the first available frequency point table can be obtained by at least one of the first or second devices based on CSI and channel quality. For example, the second device can determine whether a frequency point can be used for sensing measurements from multiple frequency points based on the CSI and channel quality of each frequency point, and then compile the set of frequency points usable for sensing measurements into the first available frequency point table. In one implementation, the second device can first determine whether a frequency point can be used for sensing measurements from multiple frequency points based on the channel quality of each frequency point, such as determining whether the channel quality meets a channel quality threshold, and determine a preliminary available frequency point table (e.g., named Table S). Then, based on the CSI measured on the frequency points in Table S, a final available frequency point table is obtained (e.g., named Table F or the first available frequency point table, etc.). When the sensing accuracy of Table F is close to the sensing accuracy of Table S, Table F is determined as the final available frequency point table and sent to the counterpart node, such as the first device, for subsequent sensing measurements. Simultaneously selecting channel quality and CSI as the available frequency point table for sensing (or obtaining the table F based on both channel quality and CSI) not only ensures high channel quality for the available frequency points (avoiding frequency points that are interfered with or deeply faded), but also further reduces the number of frequency points to be measured based on the measured CSI, thereby further reducing the overhead and power consumption of sensing measurements, while ensuring that the sensing accuracy is almost not reduced.

[0121] Optionally, the second device can obtain the first available frequency point table through different methods. The first available frequency point table may include N available frequency points, where N is a positive integer. In this embodiment, the first available frequency point table can be obtained through pre-configuration, receiving instructions from other devices, or other methods.

[0122] Taking the StarSignal SLE Sensing System as an example, assuming both the second and first devices are SLE devices (or SLE sensing nodes) within the system, in SLE communication, a second available frequency list (also called a channel map) is typically determined based on channel quality. In one possible example, this second available frequency list includes M available frequencies, such as M = 79. The SLE device can then use this second available frequency list, or the M available frequencies and CSI, to obtain N available frequencies for sensing measurements, where N ≤ M. In some possible scenarios, such as sensing whether someone is present in a room or vehicle, sensing human breathing rate or respiratory health, or sensing whether a baby is present in a car or whether there is a kicking motion to open the trunk, the number N may be smaller, such as N = 5.

[0123] S102. The second device sends a first measurement signal to the first device on an available frequency point. The first measurement signal is used for sensing measurement.

[0124] For example, if the second device needs to send a measurement signal for SLEM (Single-Like Array Module), and N=5, then the second device can complete the CSI measurement required for one sensing event group by sending the first measurement signal to the first device on 5 available frequency points. This eliminates the need to send measurement signals on 79 frequency points to complete the CSI measurement for one sensing event group. This embodiment of the application can perform sensing by sending measurement signals on available frequency points, reducing the number of available frequency points that need to send measurement signals while maintaining the same sensing performance, thus reducing the measurement time and power consumption of a single measurement (such as a single CSI).

[0125] Optionally, in practical applications, the first available frequency point table can be a list of available frequency points obtained based on previously perceived CSI results. Alternatively, it can be a list of available frequency points (or simply frequency points) obtained based on CSI and channel quality. Taking an SLE scenario as an example, the first available frequency point table can be determined by the SLE sensing nodes (including T nodes, G nodes, etc.; the first device provided in this application embodiment can be a T node or a G node, and the second device can be a T node or a G node) based on CSI and channel quality obtained through at least one of measurement or reception methods. For example, the second device can determine the first available frequency point table using a preset configuration; or, it can determine the first available frequency point table based on CSI and channel quality measured at its own end; or, it can determine the first available frequency point table based on CSI and channel quality measured at the peer end; or, it can determine the first available frequency point table based on a first message from the first device, with the first message carrying the first available frequency point table. Since SLE sensing relies on the CSI of each frequency point, and channel quality reflects factors such as interference intensity and frequency-selective fading, the SLE node determines the specific channel (frequency point) required for sensing based on the CSI among channels (i.e., frequencies) that meet the channel quality requirements. It then configures the channels to be measured during the sensing process using a table of available sensing frequencies. This results in a smaller number of available frequencies for sensing, effectively reducing the number of available frequencies used to transmit measurement signals, thereby reducing measurement time and power consumption, and improving measurement efficiency.

[0126] The following embodiments of this application illustrate the sensing method through different scenarios of sensing between the first device and the second device. It should be understood that the first device and the second device may support or use the same wireless sensing technology, including StarFlash, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), Bluetooth, UWB, or Purple Bee, etc.

[0127] One possible approach is to obtain the sensing results through bidirectional sensing between the first and second devices.

[0128] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method is executed by a first device and a second device. The method is illustrated using the example where the second device is the initiator and the first device is the reflector, but this is not a limitation. The case where the sensing parameters are configured so that the second device is the initiator and the first device is the reflector can be implemented with reference to this example, and will not be elaborated further. This method includes steps S201 to S212.

[0129] S201. In the previous L SLEMs, the second device receives measurement frames on multiple frequency points of the available frequency point table and measures the local CSI.

[0130] The first L times can be understood as the first many times. Multiple frequency points can be understood as multiple frequency points in the available frequency point table (also known as the second available frequency point table, etc.). For example, multiple frequency points can be all the frequency points in the second available frequency point table. All frequency points can be named the first frequency point, such as 79 frequency points.

[0131] S202, The second device receives the peer CSI measured by the first device at the multiple frequency points in the previous L SLEMs.

[0132] For ease of distinction, in this embodiment, the CSI measured by the second device in S201 is referred to as the local CSI, and the CSI measured by the first device is referred to as the peer CSI, but this is not a limitation of the name. That is, the peer CSI can be regarded as the CSI measured by the first device in the previous L SLEMs by receiving measurement frames on multiple frequency points (such as 79 frequency points). The first device sends this peer CSI to the second device.

[0133] Alternatively, the local CSI can also be the in-phase quadrature (IQ) components of the CSI measured for the measurement frame.

[0134] It should be understood that the bidirectional sensing method for obtaining CSI described in S201 and S202 is only an example. In this example, the first device sends the measured CSI to the second device for processing. In other implementation scenarios, the second device can also send the measured CSI to the first device for processing. The processing method is the same as in this example and will not be elaborated further.

[0135] S203. The second device obtains the first available frequency point table based on the local CSI, the peer CSI, and the channel quality.

[0136] For example, through some testing and calculations, it can be seen that in certain sensing scenarios, such as sentinel mode sensing, breathing sensing scenarios, or presence sensing scenarios (such as sensing the presence of a user), using a small number of available sensing frequencies (e.g., about 10 available frequencies for sensing measurement) is sufficient to meet the sensing requirements. Therefore, including this small number of available sensing frequencies in the first available frequency table ensures that the sensing accuracy meets the requirements.

[0137] Optionally, the first available frequency point table (also called the sensing available frequency point table or Table F, etc., the name of which is not limited in this embodiment) can be obtained in various ways. One example is that the second device obtains the first available frequency point table according to a preset configuration. For instance, in a two-way sensing scenario, based on historically measured CSI and channel quality, the sensing available frequency points are obtained from the first frequency points (such as the 79 frequency points provided in the example above), and the first available frequency point table is constructed based on this set of sensing available frequency points. It should be understood that the first available frequency point table provided in this embodiment may include available frequency points, or it may include the channels corresponding to the available frequency points, or the first available frequency point table may include available frequency points and the channels corresponding to each available frequency point, etc. In some possible implementation scenarios, the first available frequency point table may be implemented in the form of a bitmap (e.g., using an 80-bit bitmap) or a table; the form of the first available frequency point table is not limited in this embodiment. Similarly, the second available frequency point table may refer to the form of the first available frequency point table, etc. For example, the second available frequency point table includes 79 frequency points, and the first available frequency point table may also include the same 79 frequency points, but it may indicate the sensed available frequency points. Alternatively, the first available frequency point table may use an 80-bit bitmap and indicate that the 1st, 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th, 60th, 70th, and 79th frequency points are sensed available frequency points, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the form of the first available frequency point table, as long as it can indicate the sensed available frequency points.

[0138] Another example is that before performing the sensing, the second device measures the CSI and channel quality of all frequency points, such as 79 frequency points, and selects the frequency points for sensing measurements to obtain the first available frequency point table. For example, based on the CSI and channel quality required for sensing, the second device selects a subset of available frequency points from the 79 frequency points as the first available frequency point table, such as selecting 5 frequency points or the channels corresponding to 5 frequency points. For instance, in a two-way sensing scenario, the second device can obtain the first available frequency point table based on its local CSI and channel quality, as well as the peer CSI and channel quality from the first device. Taking the SLE scenario as an example, since SLE sensing depends on the CSI of each frequency point, and channel quality reflects channel quality factors such as interference intensity and frequency-selective fading of frequency points, the SLE node determines the specific channel (i.e., available frequency point) required for sensing based on the CSI among the channels (i.e., available frequency points) that meet the channel quality requirements, and configures the channels to be measured in the sensing process using the first available frequency point table. In other words, available frequencies or channels for sensing can be obtained through CSI and channel quality for sensing measurements. This example corresponds to a two-way sensing scenario where the second device calculates the first available frequency list based on its local CSI and channel quality, and the peer's CSI and channel quality. Furthermore, another example is provided for the two-way sensing scenario where the first device calculates the first available frequency list based on its local CSI and channel quality, and the peer's CSI and channel quality. In this case, the first device can provide the first available frequency list to the second device via a first message, and the second device receives the first message from the first device, which includes the first available frequency list. Optionally, the first message is at least one of a configuration message, an ACK message, or a CSI feedback message.

[0139] Optionally, if the second device obtains the first available frequency list through CSI and channel quality, the second device can also inform the first device of the first available frequency list through a second message to facilitate the alignment of measurement signal transmission and reception. Optionally, the second message can be at least one of a configuration message, an acknowledgment (ACK) message, or a CSI feedback message.

[0140] Optionally, the available frequency points in the first available frequency point table can be arranged in a preset order, such as in ascending order or in descending order.

[0141] S204. The second device selects a first available frequency point from the first available frequency point table. The first available frequency point is used for the initialization phase of the sensing measurement.

[0142] By selecting a channel (or frequency) from the first available frequency list for initialization, the AGC result during the initialization phase can be matched with the AGC result during the subsequent sensing phase. This effectively solves the problem of initialization on channels that are completely different from the sensing channel set in some scenarios.

[0143] S205. The second device sends a third signal to the first device on the first available frequency point. The third signal is used for synchronization during the initialization phase of the sensing measurement.

[0144] The first available frequency list includes the first available frequency.

[0145] For example, during the initialization phase of SLE, the third signal transmitted on the first available frequency point can be used for AGC configuration, time synchronization, and frequency synchronization. In BLE channel sounding technology, the third signal can be used for initial synchronization (i.e., mode 0, mode-0), etc.

[0146] For example, the third signal may include measurement frame type 3. The format of measurement frame type 3 can be referred to in the examples of Tables 1 and 2, and can be used in the measurement initialization phase, including AGC configuration of the second device and the first device, time and frequency synchronization, etc. Assuming that the second device is the first node and the first device is the second node, the measurement frame type 3 of the second device is referred to in Table 1, and the measurement frame type 3 of the first device is referred to in Reference Table 1b.

[0147] Table 1

[0148] Table 2

[0149] One possible approach is to generate the synchronization signal according to the logical link identifier (LLID) in the broadcast frame, extended broadcast frame, and response frame, without limiting the generation method.

[0150] Optionally, the initialization phase provided in this application embodiment can be used at the beginning of each sensing event group (e.g., in the SLE scenario, this sensing event group can be called SLEM), or it can be configured to be used at the beginning of K sensing event groups (e.g., SLEM), where K is a non-negative integer. For example, the value of K can vary depending on the sensing environment. For instance, K can indicate the number of SLEM cycles for AGC training or AGC adjustment during the sensing measurement process. For example, in a relatively quiet sensing environment, such as during breathing training or daily breathing detection, where the user and device need to remain as still as possible, a larger K value can be selected. This means that the number of AGC refreshes required to obtain the sensing result can be less, while still achieving the required accuracy. In a more dynamic sensing environment, such as when the user is moving or a vehicle is traveling, a smaller K value is needed, requiring the AGC to be refreshed more frequently to adapt to a larger dynamic range of sensing signals and meet the sensing requirements. In other words, the larger the rate of change of the sensing channel, the smaller K can be selected, that is, the value of K is dynamically configured according to the rate of change of the sensing channel.

[0151] For example, the second device may send a second message to the first device on a first available frequency point. The second message may be a sensing configuration message provided in the embodiments of this application, used to indicate that the first device performs an initialization phase synchronization with the first device at a period of K sensing event groups.

[0152] In one possible implementation, the indication information for a sensing available frequency point table can be Table 3, which is a narrowband frequency hopping sensing frequency point table configuration update indication - 2.4GHz (i.e., a narrowband frequency hopping sensing frequency point table configuration update indication corresponding to 2.4GHz). The first message provided in this application embodiment can be a narrowband frequency hopping sensing configuration message.

[0153] Table 3

[0154] Table 4 provides signaling descriptions and meanings for the signaling fields in Table 3. Specifically, Table 4 includes the signaling description for the Narrowband Frequency Hopping Aware Frequency Point Table Configuration Update Indication - 2.4 GHz. The frequency point tables provided in the examples of this application's embodiments may include a first available frequency point table, etc.

[0155] Table 4

[0156] In the narrowband frequency hopping sensing configuration (or message) of StarFlash SLE, an indication of the initialization phase period R and the CSI feedback period W is added. For example, the second device can indicate this to the first device, and the first device can then feed back a fourth signal based on this indication. This fourth signal carries the CSI for every W sensing event groups. The indication of the initialization phase period R and the CSI feedback period W sent by the second device can be found in Table 5, which includes the narrowband frequency hopping sensing configuration.

[0157] Table 5

[0158] Table 6 provides the signaling descriptions and meanings of the signaling fields in Table 5. In other words, Table 6 includes the signaling descriptions for narrowband frequency hopping awareness configurations.

[0159] Table 6

[0160] In Table 6, because receiver AGC is adjusted during each initialization phase, AGC is performed once every K sensing event groups. This reduces the frequency of AGC occurrence, avoids the adverse effects of AGC adjustment on the measured CSI, and improves sensing accuracy. When the CSI feedback period W>1, the CSI of multiple sensing event groups can be aggregated and transmitted in one frame, avoiding the overhead of transceiver switching intervals and frame headers, thus improving the transmission efficiency of CSI.

[0161] S206. The second device sends a first measurement signal to the first device on N available frequency points.

[0162] It should be understood that the example in Figure 4 uses the example of a second device calculating a sensing result based on a locally measured CSI (which may be referred to as the second CSI) and a CSI sent by a first device (which may be referred to as the first CSI). In the example where the first device calculates a sensing result based on the locally measured CSI and the CSI sent by the first device, the second device may send a first signal to the first device. This first signal may include a first measurement signal and the second CSI obtained by the second device. The first device then obtains the sensing result based on the first measurement signal and the second CSI.

[0163] The measurement frame carried on the first measurement signal can be of measurement frame type 1 or measurement frame type 2. The format of measurement frame type 1 can be found in the example in Table 3, and the format of measurement frame type 2 can be found in the example in Table 4.

[0164] Table 7

[0165] Table 8

[0166] For example, when K is greater than 1, it can be considered a single initialization covering multiple SLEMs, which can further reduce the average measurement time of a single SLEM. For instance, by reducing the number of sensing measurement frequencies (i.e., available frequencies) (e.g., replacing the second available frequency table with the first available frequency table, reducing the number of available frequencies from 79 to 10), based on detection data in some scenarios, the measurement time of a single SLEM can be reduced from 30ms to 3.8ms, and one initialization phase can cover at least 8 SLEMs (i.e., K=8). This sensing method can reduce the number of initialization phases and reduce overhead. Moreover, the refresh rate is one of the core parameters that determines the sensing accuracy. For example, in scenarios that detect breathing or movement, the refresh rate needs to meet a certain threshold in order to achieve the required sensing accuracy. Therefore, the sensing method provided in this application provides the possibility of multiple SLEMs sharing the same initialization phase, which greatly reduces the measurement time and power consumption of a single SLEM. Within the same time period, the number of SLEMs is increased, and the sensing frequency (refresh rate) is higher, such as from tens of Hz to hundreds of Hz, which makes it easier to meet the measurement requirements of scenarios such as breathing detection.

[0167] For example, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a sensing process provided in an embodiment of this application. The process takes Star Flash SLE as an example and includes the initialization stage of SLE and a bidirectional measurement SLEM bidirectional sensing. As shown in Figure 5, after the initialization channel is configured through the narrowband sensing configuration message, the second device (first sending node) and the first device (second sending node) complete the AGC configuration (or training), time synchronization and frequency synchronization of the initialization stage based on measurement frame type 3 (refer to Table 1) and measurement frame type 3 (refer to Table 2). Then, based on measurement frame type 1 or type 2, bidirectional measurement is performed on the available frequency points indicated by the first available frequency point table. A bidirectional measurement is completed on the available frequency points indicated by the first available frequency point table, which is a SLEM.

[0168] S207. The first device receives the first measurement signal on N available frequency points.

[0169] S208. The first device obtains the first CSI based on the first measurement signal.

[0170] It should be understood that the first device can feed back CSIs for W measurement event groups each time. When W > 1, the first device can obtain W CSIs from the measurement signals at N available frequency points based on multiple measurement event groups. During feedback, these W CSIs are fed back to the second device together after an initialization phase. That is, it is no longer necessary to perform an initialization before feeding back the CSIs for each measurement event group, effectively reducing the amount of CSI feedback from sensing measurements.

[0171] Figure 6a is a perception flowchart of each SLEM having an initialization phase provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 6b is a perception flowchart of multiple SLEMs having an initialization phase provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 6a, if the perception parameters are configured with a first available frequency point table, named First Available Frequency Point Table 1, First Available Frequency Point Table 1 becomes effective. Referring to the example in Figure 4, the second device can select a frequency point (i.e., the channel corresponding to that frequency point) from the first available frequency point table 1 to perform the initialization phase. After the initialization phase, it completes a bidirectional measurement on the available frequency points (such as N available frequency points) indicated by the first available frequency point table 1, that is, completes one SLEM (named SLEM 1). The first device measures the CSI on the available frequency points indicated by the first available frequency point table 1 and feeds it back to the second device through an ACK message. This process continues until the Qth SLEM is completed. The first available frequency point table configured with the sensing parameters is refreshed to the first available frequency point table 2. After the first available frequency point table 2 takes effect, the available frequency points indicated in the first available frequency point table 2 are used to continue bidirectional sensing with reference to the previous steps (including the initialization phase, SLEM and CSI feedback) until the Q+Pth SLEM is completed, where Q and P are both positive integers.

[0172] Referring to Figure 6b, if the sensing parameters configure a first available frequency point table, named First Available Frequency Point Table 1, then First Available Frequency Point Table 1 becomes effective. Referring to the example in Figure 4, the second device can select a frequency point (i.e., the channel corresponding to that frequency point) from First Available Frequency Point Table 1 for initialization. After initialization, it sends a measurement signal on the available frequency point indicated by First Available Frequency Point Table 1, completing Q SLEMs. After the first device measures Q CSIs on the available frequency point indicated by First Available Frequency Point Table 1, it sends an ACK message back to the second device. This process continues until the first available frequency point table configured by the sensing parameters is refreshed to First Available Frequency Point Table 2. After First Available Frequency Table 2 becomes effective, subsequent bidirectional sensing and other functions are implemented by referring to the same steps.

[0173] Combining Figures 6a and 6b, and the number of available frequency points indicated in the first available frequency point table (which is less than the number of available frequency points in the second available frequency point table), it can be seen that in the sensing method where multiple SLEMs share a single initialization phase, the duration of a single SLEM measurement is reduced, resulting in a higher sensing refresh rate and making it easier to meet the refresh rate threshold of the sensing scenario. Furthermore, sharing a single initialization phase with multiple SLEMs effectively reduces the number of initialization phases. Reducing the number of initialization phases improves sensing accuracy because it reduces the number of times the first device (receiver) performs AGC configuration at the beginning of SLEM transmission, thus reducing the number of AGC changes. This prevents the first device from generating different amplitude and phase gains for different SLEM sensing data over time, ensuring consistency in the received gain across multiple consecutive SLEMs. This helps maintain consistency in the AGC amplitude and phase of CSI measured at different times, ultimately improving sensing accuracy and precision. Moreover, feeding back CSI after multiple SLEMs effectively reduces CSI feedback overhead and saves power.

[0174] S209. The first device sends a second signal to the second device on N available frequency points. The second signal includes a second measurement signal and a first CSI.

[0175] The second measurement signal performs the first CSI feedback, which can be feedback to available frequencies in the first available frequency list. When the number of available frequencies in the first available frequency list is small, the amount of CSI data fed back also decreases, which is equivalent to reducing the feedback overhead of the first CSI and saving power consumption.

[0176] For example, in the scenario of narrowband frequency hopping measurement of SLE, the first CSI, such as a CSI report, is carried in the narrowband frequency hopping measurement information of SLE and reported as a message. The frequency points and order of the CSIs in the CSI report can correspond one-to-one with the available frequency points indicated by the first available frequency point table. For example, the first available frequency point table uses an 80-bit bitmap to indicate that the 1st, 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th, 60th, 70th and 79th frequency points are available frequency points for sensing measurement, and the CSI report fed back by the first device can include the CSIs measured on the 1st, 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th, 60th, 70th and 79th available frequency points.

[0177] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the first CSI fed back by the first device may include CSI of each available frequency point or data of CSI of each available frequency point that has been processed accordingly. For example, the first CSI may include CSI (also called initial CSI, measured CSI); or, the first CSI may include intermediate results of CSI, such as CSI of half a subcarrier processed (which may be subcarrier transformed to other domains, such as range Doppler domain, etc.), or compressed CSI; or, the first CSI may include a sensing result after processing CSI of each available frequency point, such as whether someone is detected. The embodiments of this application use the example of the first CSI fed back by the first device including CSI measured on available frequency points (such as N available frequency points) in the first available frequency point table for illustration, but this is not limited.

[0178] S210, The second device receives the second signal.

[0179] It should be understood that the second signal may include a second measurement signal, or it may include a first CSI fed back by the first device, such as the CSI obtained by the first device based on W groups of sensed events. Alternatively, the first device may send the second measurement signal via the second signal and send the CSI obtained based on W groups of sensed events via the fourth signal, and the second device may receive the CSI sent by the peer based on the fourth signal. Figure 4 provided in this application embodiment is only an example, and this application embodiment does not limit the CSI signal carried. When the fourth signal is used to transmit CSI, it can be an SLE linked asynchronous link for CSI transmission with data frame retransmission, that is, the CSI is carried in the asynchronous data link frame that feeds back the CSI (such as the fourth signal).

[0180] S211. The second device obtains the second CSI and the first CSI based on the second signal.

[0181] The second device can obtain the first CSI based on the first CSI carried in the second signal. The second device can also obtain the CSI of K sensing event groups, i.e., the second CSI, from the measurement signals at N available frequency points.

[0182] S212. The second device performs joint processing based on the second CSI and the first CSI to obtain the sensing result.

[0183] This application takes StarFlash SLE narrowband sensing as an example. By adding a sensing frequency point table (i.e., the first available frequency point table) to indicate the available frequency points for sensing, the number of available frequency points used for measurement is reduced. This allows each sensing event to be measured on fewer available frequency points, thus achieving the sensing requirements. Essentially, while maintaining sensing performance, the measurement duration and power consumption of a single CSI are reduced, and sensing performance is improved. It should be understood that this application also provides a method for K SLEMs to share a single initialization phase, as shown in Figure 6b, where K = Q or K = P. A CSI feedback message, such as ACK, can contain multiple CSI feedbacks, reducing the frame header overhead of CSI feedback messages. Moreover, reducing the number of initialization phases used for sensing is equivalent to further changing the one-to-one initialization phase correspondence to one SLEM to one-to-multiple SLEMs after reducing the duration of a single SLEM, further reducing measurement and CSI feedback overhead. For sensing scenarios, reducing the number of initialization phases in the sensing measurement process improves sensing accuracy and reduces the overhead and power consumption caused by the initialization phase.

[0184] It should be understood that in the sensing method shown in Figure 4, sensing parameters can be configured to specify which sensing node sends a signal to which other sensing node first, and which sensing node provides feedback in bidirectional sensing (or the feedback direction of CSI needs to be configured). Furthermore, referring to Figures 6a and 6b, the sensing parameter configuration can also configure the first available frequency point table (or refresh the first available frequency point table). For example, referring to the example in Figure 7, the first available frequency point table 1 is carried in the SLE sensing parameter configuration message and indicates that it is effective in SLEM 1 to SLEM K. When SLEM K ends, the node responsible for sensing configuration, which could be the node corresponding to either the first device or the second device, can refresh the first available frequency point table by resending the sensing parameter configuration message, such as refreshing it from the first available frequency point table 1 to the first available frequency point table 2, and indicating that the refreshed available frequencies will be applied to the subsequent P SLEMs. By indicating in the sensing parameter configuration message which SLEMs are valid in the current first available frequency point table, and which SLEMs are valid in the subsequent updated first available frequency point table, the first available frequency point table can be updated in a timely manner according to the channel status and CSI, making the sensing measurement more accurate and adaptable to channel changes.

[0185] Optionally, during the sensing process, the first available frequency point table can be refreshed periodically or irregularly, such as refreshing the available frequency points in it to the first frequency point. The first frequency point refers to all available frequency points in the communication, such as the 79 frequency points provided in the example above. Alternatively, available frequency points can be refreshed to the first frequency point periodically or irregularly. For example, full-frequency point sensing can be periodically inserted, i.e., every M SLEMs, full-frequency point sensing is achieved by refreshing the available frequency points in the first available frequency point table to the first frequency point, thereby completing the operation of periodically inserting full-frequency point sensing event groups, where M is a positive integer. Alternatively, during the sensing process, the available frequency points in the first available frequency point table can be refreshed to the first frequency point according to sensing or measurement needs, such as refreshing 10 available frequency points to 79, thereby completing the on-demand insertion of full-frequency point sensing event groups. Inserting full frequency points into the first available frequency point table can effectively solve the problem that items requiring full-frequency point measurement cannot be effectively measured during the sensing process. It can save transmission overhead while also meeting the detection needs of full frequency points.

[0186] For example, the first device can send a third message to the second device to indicate the refreshed first available frequency point provided in the above example, such as the third message including the updated first available frequency point table.

[0187] It should be understood that in communication measurement, it is generally considered that if the number of available frequency points is less than 15, the interference will be too great due to insufficient available frequency points, and random frequency hopping will be discontinued. In the sensing method provided in this application embodiment, the number of available frequency points in the first available frequency point table can be less than 15, and these few available frequency points can still be used for sensing. In order to reduce interference, the available frequency points indicated in the first available frequency point table provided in this application embodiment can be obtained by random selection, that is, they can be randomly obtained. One example is that the first frequency point is divided into multiple intervals, which can be called frequency point intervals, and an available frequency point is selected in each frequency point interval. For example, in the scenario of sensing the presence of a user, 10 frequency points are needed. The 79 frequency points can be divided into 10 frequency point intervals, and a frequency point is randomly selected in each interval as an available frequency point. Optionally, the frequency point intervals can be evenly divided or divided according to other preset rules, which is not limited in this application embodiment.

[0188] Another example is to use a random frequency hopping algorithm among 79 frequency points to obtain a first list of available frequency points. For instance, a random frequency hopping measurement pattern can be generated for sensing to obtain the first list of available frequency points, and the randomization seed of the random measurement pattern can be sent to the configured sensing node along with the first list of available frequency points. Referring to the example in Figure 4, the second device configures this sensing parameter configuration, and when the first list of available frequency points is refreshed, it can send the randomization seed to the first device. This is equivalent to the second device aligning its random frequency hopping algorithm with the first device, and their transmission and reception can be implemented on the same available frequency points.

[0189] Besides using a random frequency hopping mode, the measurement time interval of the SLEM can also be randomized. That is, when using a linear frequency sweep measurement mode for available frequency points, a randomized interval needs to be used between different groups of sensing events to avoid interference between periodically repeating SLEMs. Referring to the above example, it can be understood that the time interval between adjacent sensing event groups (which represents the interval between SLEMs) in K groups of sensing events can be randomized. Figure 8 is a schematic flowchart of a time interval randomization method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, when the number of available frequency points indicated by the first available frequency point table is less than a threshold (such as the threshold being 15 available frequency points as provided in the above example), a random frequency hopping measurement mode can be used, or a time interval randomization method can be used when adjusting the sensing parameter configuration to achieve sensing.

[0190] One possible approach is that the first and second devices communicate through one-way sensing, with the second device processing the measurement signals sent by the first device to obtain the sensing results.

[0191] Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a first device and a second device, and includes steps S301 to S307.

[0192] S301. The first device obtains the first available frequency point table based on the local CSI and channel quality.

[0193] The method by which the first device obtains the first available frequency point table based on CSI and channel quality can be found in S203, which describes the method by which the second device obtains the first available frequency point table. This will not be elaborated further.

[0194] It should be understood that in a one-way sensing scenario, the first device can obtain the first available frequency point table based on the measured CSI and channel quality.

[0195] In the unidirectional sensing method provided in this application embodiment, the sensing configuration parameters can configure the direction of unidirectional sensing. As shown in the example of Figure 9, the direction in which the first device sends a measurement signal to the second device can be pre-configured by the sensing configuration parameters. In one possible implementation, the second device does not need to send a feedback measurement signal.

[0196] S302. The first device selects a first available frequency point from the first available frequency point table. The first available frequency point is used for the initialization phase.

[0197] S303. The first device initializes on the first available frequency.

[0198] This initialization phase can refer to the example in S205, i.e., the initialization phase, which can be used at the beginning of each sensing event group (such as SLEM) or configured to be used at the beginning of K sensing event groups (such as SLEM).

[0199] The implementation of S302 and S303 can be found in the examples of S204 and S205, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0200] S304. The first device sends a second measurement signal to the second device on N available frequency points.

[0201] The implementation of S304 can be found in the example of S209, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0202] S305. The second device receives the second measurement signal on N available frequency points.

[0203] S306. The second device obtains the second CSI based on the second measurement signal.

[0204] S307. The second device obtains the perception result based on the second CSI.

[0205] The sensing method provided in this application effectively reduces the number of channels (available frequencies) needed to transmit measurement signals in unidirectional sensing scenarios, thereby reducing the measurement time and power consumption. Furthermore, in unidirectional sensing scenarios, as shown in the example in Figure 4, an implementation method is provided where K SLEMs share a single initialization phase, reducing the number of initialization phases in the sensing measurement process, improving sensing accuracy, and reducing the overhead and power consumption caused by the initialization phase.

[0206] In addition, the first device can also indicate the effective sensing event group of the first available frequency point table to the second device through the second message. For example, referring to the example in Figure 7, the first available frequency point table 1 is carried in the sensing parameter configuration message of SLE and indicates that it is effective in SLEM 1 to SLEM K, etc.

[0207] Optionally, during the unidirectional sensing process, full-frequency sensing can be periodically inserted, or the available frequencies in the first available frequency table can be refreshed to full frequencies according to sensing or measurement requirements.

[0208] It should be understood that the available frequency points in the first available frequency point table provided in the sensing method of Figure 9 can also be obtained by random selection. The method of random selection is the same as the previous example and will not be elaborated further.

[0209] Another possible approach is to use one-way sensing between the first and second devices, with the first device processing the measurement signals sent by the second device to obtain the sensing results.

[0210] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a first device and a second device, and includes steps S401 to S407.

[0211] S401. The second device obtains the first available frequency point table based on the local CSI and channel quality.

[0212] The method by which the second device obtains the first available frequency point table can be implemented by referring to the method in the example in S203. The difference is that in a one-way sensing scenario, the second device can obtain the first available frequency point based on the CSI and channel quality measured at its own end, which will not be elaborated further.

[0213] S402. The second device selects a first available frequency point from the first available frequency point table. The first available frequency point is used for the initialization phase.

[0214] S403. The second device initializes on the first available frequency.

[0215] The second device sends a third signal to the first device on the first available frequency. This third signal is used for synchronization during the initialization phase of sensing and measurement.

[0216] The implementation of S402 and S403 can be found in the examples of S204 and S205, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0217] S404. The second device sends a first measurement signal to the first device on N available frequency points.

[0218] The implementation of S404 can be found in the example of S206, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0219] S405. The first device receives the first measurement signal on N available frequency points.

[0220] S406. The first device acquires the first CSI based on the first measurement signal.

[0221] S407. The first device obtains the sensing result based on the first CSI.

[0222] The sensing method provided in this application effectively reduces the number of channels (available frequencies) needed to transmit measurement signals in unidirectional sensing scenarios, thus reducing the measurement time and power consumption. Furthermore, in unidirectional sensing scenarios, referring to S212, an implementation method is provided where K SLEMs share a single initialization phase, reducing the number of initialization phases in the sensing measurement process, improving sensing accuracy, and reducing the overhead and power consumption caused by the initialization phase. The unidirectional sensing methods provided in Figures 10 and 9 cover unidirectional sensing in two directions, making the applicable scenarios more comprehensive.

[0223] In addition, the second device can also instruct the first device to perform initialization phase synchronization with a period of K sensing event groups through the second message. For example, it can indicate the effective sensing event groups of the first available frequency point table. As shown in the example in Figure 7, the first available frequency point table 1 is carried in the sensing parameter configuration message of SLE and indicates that it is effective in SLEM 1 to SLEM K, etc.

[0224] Optionally, during the unidirectional sensing process, full-frequency sensing can be periodically inserted, or the available frequencies in the first available frequency table can be refreshed to full frequencies according to sensing or measurement requirements.

[0225] It should be understood that the available frequency points in the first available frequency point table provided in the sensing method of Figure 10 can also be obtained by random selection. The method of random selection is the same as the previous example and will not be elaborated further.

[0226] The sensing method provided in this application can obtain sensing results through different sensing modes, such as an A-transmitting-B-receiving mode, based on unidirectional or bidirectional sensing technology. This method reduces measurement time and power consumption because the available frequency points used can meet the sensing requirements, and the number is smaller than the total number of frequency points (e.g., the total number of frequency points can be 79, while the frequency points indicated by the first available frequency point table can be 5 to 15). This sensing method is applicable to at least one of wireless communications such as Bluetooth (BT) communication, Sparklink (or Nearlink) communication, and WiFi communication. In this application embodiment, BT and BLE can refer to each other. Sparklink can include at least one of the following: SLE, SLB, or SLP.

[0227] It should be understood that the sensing method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to various systems, such as systems based on narrowband frequency hopping measurement and OFDM signal measurement. For example, this method can be applied to systems such as SLE, SLB, BLE, WiFi, other OFDM-based systems, UWB systems, etc. The sensing method provided in this application embodiment will be described below through some practical application systems, but this is not intended to limit the application.

[0228] The following description uses the application of the sensing method provided in this application embodiment to a digital car key system as an example. It should be understood that digital car keys and digital door locks can automatically unlock or lock by measuring signals to identify when a legitimate user's key device approaches or moves away. In the vehicle positioning scenario, referring to the example in Figure 11, the vehicle's topology may include: dedicated positioning anchor points (or positioning stations) deployed at the four corners of the vehicle; PEPS positioning anchor points deployed near the center console / rearview mirror or ceiling (inside the roof); and in-vehicle wireless communication devices such as displays, microphones, speakers, and cameras can also be reused as positioning stations for locating the car key (traditional car key / mobile phone). The Sentinel (Eye of the World) mode is a safety function built by intelligent connected vehicles based on the vehicle's existing sensors, cameras, and other hardware. It helps drivers obtain real-time vehicle security information when leaving the vehicle, automatically collects and records images of the vehicle's surroundings, and sends alarms to the driver's mobile phone. The owner can control the vehicle via mobile phone to activate functions such as horn, flashing lights, and remote voice commands. However, the sentry mode suffers from excessive power consumption due to the prolonged operation of sensors such as cameras. To conserve power in sentry mode, the car key system can activate a perception mode to detect people or animals approaching the vehicle. Upon detecting such individuals or animals, the system wakes up the normally dormant camera to perform the security recording function of sentry mode. In this scenario, the PEPS control node in the positioning node acts as the G node, while the other devices are T nodes. Both T and G nodes can sense presence, such as the proximity or presence of people or animals, to wake up the dormant camera. In this scenario, a low-power perception mode is required. The perception method provided in this application reduces the available frequency points used by the G and T nodes for perception, thus reducing the power consumption of detection.

[0229] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 12, the second device 30 includes a processing module 301 and a transceiver module 302.

[0230] Processing module 301 is configured to determine a first available frequency point table for sensing measurements based on CSI and channel quality, the first available frequency point table including one or more available frequency points.

[0231] The transceiver module 302 is used to send a first signal to the first device on the available frequency, the first signal being used for sensing and measurement.

[0232] In one possible implementation, the processing module 301 is specifically configured to determine a first available frequency list for sensing measurements in at least one of the following ways: by determining the first available frequency list by a preset configuration; or by determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the local end; or by determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the peer end; or by determining the first available frequency list by a first message from a first device, wherein the first message carries the first available frequency list.

[0233] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 302 is further configured to receive first sensing data from the first device, the first sensing data being obtained from the first measurement signal. The processing module 301 is further configured to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement based on the first sensing data.

[0234] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 302 is further configured to receive a second signal from the first device, the second signal including a second measurement signal; the processing module 301 is further configured to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement based on the second measurement signal.

[0235] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 302 is further configured to receive first sensing data and a second measurement signal from the first device. The processing module 301 is further configured to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement based on the first sensing data and the second measurement signal.

[0236] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 302 is further configured to send a third signal to the first device on a first available frequency point, the first available frequency point table including the first available frequency point, and the third signal is used for synchronization during the initialization phase of sensing measurement.

[0237] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 302 is further configured to send a second message (such as a narrowband frequency hopping sensing configuration message for SLE), which indicates synchronization with the first device during the initialization phase, which is performed in K sensing event groups.

[0238] In one possible implementation, the time intervals between adjacent sensing event groups are random.

[0239] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 302 is further configured to receive a fourth signal from the first device, the fourth signal including CSI obtained for every W groups of sensed events.

[0240] In one possible implementation, the processing module 301 is further configured to update the first available frequency point table based on the CSI obtained from the W sensing event groups; the transceiver module 302 is further configured to send a third message to the first device, the third message including the updated first available frequency point table.

[0241] It should be understood that the modules shown in Figure 12 are merely examples, and each module can perform its operations or variations thereof with reference to the method section of the embodiments of this application. Other operations can also be performed in the examples provided in the embodiments of this application, and are not limited to the examples of the embodiments of this application.

[0242] In one possible implementation, the communication module (including transceiver) and processing module in this application embodiment can be simultaneously deployed in the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module; or, the communication module in this application embodiment can be deployed in the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module, and the processing module in this application embodiment can be deployed in other modules besides the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module; or, the processing module in this application embodiment can be deployed in the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module, and the communication module in this application embodiment can be deployed in other modules besides the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module. This application embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0243] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 13, the first device 40 includes a processing module 401 and a transceiver module 402.

[0244] Processing module 401 is configured to determine a first available frequency point table for sensing measurements based on CSI and channel quality, the first available frequency point table including one or more available frequency points.

[0245] The transceiver module 402 is used to receive a first signal from the second device on the available frequency, the first signal being used for sensing and measurement.

[0246] In one possible implementation, the processing module 401 is specifically configured to determine a first available frequency list for sensing measurements in at least one of the following ways: by determining the first available frequency list by a preset configuration; or by determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the local end; or by determining the first available frequency list by CSI and channel quality measured at the peer end; or by determining the first available frequency list by a third message from the second device, the third message carrying the first available frequency list.

[0247] In one possible implementation, the first signal includes a first measurement signal, and the processing module 401 is further configured to obtain first sensing data based on the first measurement signal; the transceiver module 402 is further configured to send the first sensing data to the second device.

[0248] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 402 is further configured to send a second measurement signal to the first device on the available frequency, the second measurement signal being used to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement.

[0249] In one possible implementation, the processing module 401 is further configured to obtain the first sensing data based on the first measurement signal, and then obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement.

[0250] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 402 is further configured to receive a third signal from the second device on a first available frequency point, the first available frequency point table including the first available frequency point, and the third signal being used for synchronization during the initialization phase of the sensing measurement.

[0251] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 402 is further configured to receive a second message indicating that the first device is to be synchronized with the first device in an initialization phase with a period of K sensing event groups.

[0252] In one possible implementation, the time intervals between adjacent sensing event groups are random.

[0253] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 402 is further configured to send a fourth signal to the second device, the fourth signal including CSI obtained for every W groups of sensed events.

[0254] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 402 is further configured to receive a second message from the second device, the second message including an updated first available frequency point table, the first available frequency point table being updated based on the CSI obtained from the W sensing event groups.

[0255] It should be understood that the modules shown in Figure 13 are merely examples, and each module can perform its operations or variations thereof with reference to the method section of the embodiments of this application. Other operations can also be performed in the examples provided in the embodiments of this application, and are not limited to the examples of the embodiments of this application.

[0256] In one possible implementation, the communication module (including at least one of a receiving module and a transmitting module) and the processing module in this application embodiment can be simultaneously deployed in the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module; or, the communication module in this application embodiment can be deployed in the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module, and the processing module in this application embodiment can be deployed in other modules besides the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module; or, the processing module in this application embodiment can be deployed in the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module, and the communication module in this application embodiment can be deployed in other modules besides the StarScan module, Bluetooth module, or WiFi module. This application embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0257] Additionally, as shown in Figure 14, which is a structural schematic diagram of a device 50 according to an embodiment of this application, the device 50 shown in Figure 14 includes a transceiver 501 and a processor 502. This device 50 corresponds to the second device exemplified in the method, used to execute methods S101 and S102 in the above embodiments, or execute S201 to S212, or execute S301 to S307, or execute S401 to S407, etc. Alternatively, this device 50 corresponds to the first device exemplified in the method, used to execute methods S201 to S212, or execute S301 to S307, or execute S401 to S407, etc., in the above embodiments.

[0258] It should be noted that the division of parts in this embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The functions in this embodiment are integrated into a single processor, or the transceiver and processor may exist separately. Furthermore, device 50 may include built-in memory, or it may not include memory, or it may include external memory, etc., and is not limited to the division exemplified in this embodiment. The integrated device described above can be implemented in hardware, such as a chip, or in the form of a software functional unit, or in a combination of hardware and software.

[0259] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a device 60, as shown in Figure 15, which is a structural schematic diagram of a device 60 provided in this application embodiment. As shown in Figure 15, device 60 may include a processor 601, a memory 602 coupled to the processor 601, and a transceiver 603. The transceiver 603 may include MR, LR, communication interface, optical module, etc., for receiving messages or data information, etc. The processor 601 may include a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), or a combination of CPU and NP, for executing the relevant steps of wake-up signal processing in the device exemplified in the above embodiments. The processor may also be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. Processor 601 may refer to a single processor or may include multiple processors. Memory 602 may include volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM); memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD); memory 602 may also include combinations of the above types of memory. Memory 602 may refer to a single memory or include multiple memories for storing program instructions. In one embodiment, memory 602 stores computer-readable instructions, which include multiple software modules, such as a sending module, a processing module, and a receiving module. After executing each software module, processor 601 can perform corresponding operations according to the instructions of each software module. In this embodiment, the operation performed by a software module actually refers to the operation performed by processor 601 according to the instructions of the software module. Optionally, processor 601 may also store program code or instructions for executing the scheme of the embodiments of this application, in which case processor 601 does not need to read program code or instructions from memory 602.

[0260] The device 60 can be used to perform the methods in the above embodiments. Specifically, the device 60 is equivalent to the second device in the example of the method, and can perform methods S101 and S102 in the above embodiments, or perform S201 to S212, or perform S301 to S307, or perform S401 to S407, etc. Alternatively, the device 60 is equivalent to the first device in the example of the method, and is used to perform methods S201 to S212, or perform S301 to S307, or perform S401 to S407, etc. in the above embodiments.

[0261] Furthermore, this application also provides a communication device. The communication device includes a storage medium and a processor connected to the storage medium. The storage medium stores instructions, which, when executed by the processor, enable the processor to implement some or all of the operations in any of the methods described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0262] Furthermore, this application also provides a communication device. The communication device includes a processor connected to a storage medium. The storage medium may be disposed within or outside the communication device. The storage medium stores instructions, which, when executed by the processor, enable the processor to implement some or all of the operations in any of the methods described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0263] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a processor, implement some or all of the operations in any of the methods in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0264] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when run on a processor, implements some or all of the operations in any method of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0265] This application also provides a chip, including an interface circuit and a processor. The interface circuit and the processor are connected, and the processor is used to cause the chip to perform some or all of the operations in any of the methods in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0266] This application also provides a chip system, including: a processor coupled to a memory, the memory being used to store programs or instructions, and when the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the chip system enables the chip system to perform some or all of the operations in any one of the methods in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0267] Optionally, the chip system may contain one or more processors. These processors can be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented in software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor, implemented by reading software code stored in memory.

[0268] Optionally, the chip system may contain one or more memories. The memory may be integrated with the processor or disposed separately from it; this application embodiment does not limit this. For example, the memory may be a non-transient processor, such as a read-only memory (ROM), which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip or disposed separately on different chips. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the type of memory or the arrangement of the memory and processor.

[0269] For example, the chip system can be an FPGA, an ASIC, a system-on-chip (SoC), a CPU, an NP, a digital signal processor (DSP), a micro controller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0270] This application also provides a system, including one or more of the above-described devices, apparatuses, computer-readable storage media, computer program products, chips, or chip systems. It can be applied to the scenarios illustrated in Figures 1 and 11, but is not limited thereto.

[0271] In one possible implementation, the system provided in this application embodiment includes a first device and a second device.

[0272] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0273] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0274] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical business division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0275] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0276] Furthermore, the various business units in the embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software business unit.

[0277] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software business unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, Random Access Memory, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0278] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples above, the services described in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these services can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to general-purpose or special-purpose computers.

[0279] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of this application.

[0280] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method of perception, the method comprising: include: Based on Channel State Information (CSI) and Channel Quality, a first available frequency point table for sensing measurements is determined, the first available frequency point table including one or more available frequency points; On the available frequency point, a first measurement signal is sent to the first device, the first measurement signal being used for sensing measurement.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the first available frequency point table for sensing measurements includes at least one of the following: The first available frequency point table is determined by a preset configuration; or, The first available frequency point table is determined based on the CSI and channel quality measured at this end; or, The first available frequency list is determined based on the CSI and channel quality measured at the other end; or, The first available frequency point table is determined by a first message from the first device, wherein the first message carries the first available frequency point table.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first sensing data from the first device, the first sensing data being obtained from the first measurement signal; Based on the first sensing data, the sensing result of the sensing measurement is obtained.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive a second measurement signal from the first device; The perception result of the perception measurement is obtained based on the second measurement signal.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first sensing data and second measurement signal from the first device; The perception result of the perception measurement is obtained based on the first perception data and the second measurement signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: On a first available frequency point, a third signal is sent to the first device, the first available frequency point table including the first available frequency point, the third signal being used for synchronization during the initialization phase of the sensing measurement.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The method further includes: Send a second message, which is used to indicate that the device should be synchronized with the first device in an initialization phase with a period of K sensing event groups, where K is a non-negative integer.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The time intervals between adjacent sensing event groups are random.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: A fourth signal is received from the first device, the fourth signal including CSI obtained for every W groups of sensed events, where W is a positive integer.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The method further includes: Update the first available frequency point table based on the CSI obtained from the W sensing event groups; A third message is sent to the first device, the third message including the updated first available frequency point table.

11. A method of perception, comprising: include: Based on Channel State Information (CSI) and Channel Quality, a first available frequency point table for sensing measurements is determined, the first available frequency point table including one or more available frequency points; On the available frequency point, a first measurement signal is received from the second device, the first measurement signal being used for sensing measurement.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The determination of the first available frequency point table for sensing measurements includes at least one of the following: The first available frequency point table is determined by a preset configuration; or, The first available frequency point table is determined based on the CSI and channel quality measured at this end; or, The first available frequency list is determined based on the CSI and channel quality measured at the other end; or, The first available frequency list is determined by a third message from the second device, the third message carrying the first available frequency list.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the first measurement signal, the first sensing data is obtained; The first sensing data is sent to the second device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: On the available frequency point, a second measurement signal is sent to the first device, the second measurement signal being used to obtain the sensing result of the sensing measurement.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: On a first available frequency point, a third signal is received from the second device, the first available frequency point table includes the first available frequency point, and the third signal is used for synchronization during the initialization phase of the sensing measurement.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, Also includes: Receive a second message, which is used to indicate that the first device should be synchronized with the first device in an initialization phase with a period of K sensing event groups, where K is a non-negative integer.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The time intervals between adjacent sensing event groups are random.

18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that, The method further includes: A fourth signal is sent to the second device, the fourth signal including CSI obtained for every W groups of sensed events, where W is a positive integer.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The method further includes: Receive a third message from the second device, the third message including an updated first available frequency table, the first available frequency table being updated based on the CSI obtained from the W sensing event groups.

20. A communications device, characterized by The communication device includes at least one processor configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

21. A communications device, characterized by The communication device includes at least one processor configured to perform the method of any one of claims 11 to 19.

22. A communications device, characterized by include: Input / output interface and logic circuit, wherein the input / output interface is used to acquire at least one of input information or output information; The logic circuit is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

23. A communications device, characterized by include: Input / output interface and logic circuit, wherein the input / output interface is used to acquire at least one of input information or output information; The logic circuit is used to perform the method of any one of claims 11 to 19.

24. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any one of claims 1 to 10 to be implemented, or cause the method of any one of claims 11 to 19 to be implemented.

25. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any one of claims 1 to 10 to be implemented, or cause the method of any one of claims 11 to 19 to be implemented.

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