Display substrate and display apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a display substrate and a display apparatus. The display substrate comprises a main display region and a component region. The width of a light-transmitting region of the component region in a first direction is greater than the width of the light-transmitting region of the component region in a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The display substrate comprises a base, a light-emitting structure layer, a light-regulating structure, and a first light-shielding layer. The light-emitting structure layer comprises a plurality of sub-pixels. A second insulating portion of the light-regulating structure covers side surfaces of a first insulating portion, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion is greater than the refractive index of the first insulating portion. The first insulating portion comprises two first side surfaces opposite to each other in the first direction and two second side surfaces opposite to each other in the second direction. The first light-shielding layer is located between the light-regulating structure and the base, and is provided with at least one first through-hole. The area of an overlapping region between the orthographic projection of each first side surface on the base and the orthographic projection of a corresponding first through-hole on the base is greater than the area of an overlapping region between the orthographic projection of each second side surface on the base and the orthographic projection of a corresponding first through-hole on the base.

Description

Display substrate and display device Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) has advantages such as self-illumination, high efficiency, vivid colors, thinness and energy saving, and wide operating temperature range, and has been gradually applied to large-area displays, lighting and automotive displays. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a display substrate and a display device.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present application, a display substrate is provided. The display substrate includes a main display area and a component area; the component area includes at least one light-transmitting area and an auxiliary display area, the width of the light-transmitting area in a first direction is greater than its width in a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the display substrate includes:

[0005] Substrate;

[0006] A light-emitting structure layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting structure layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels located in the auxiliary display area and a plurality of sub-pixels located in the main display area;

[0007] A light-adjusting structure includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, the second insulating portion covering the side surface of the first insulating portion, the refractive index of the second insulating portion being greater than the refractive index of the first insulating portion; the first insulating portion includes two first side surfaces opposite each other in a first direction and two second side surfaces opposite each other in a second direction; both the first side surfaces and the second side surfaces are inclined surfaces.

[0008] A first light-shielding layer is located between the light-adjusting structure and the substrate; the first light-shielding layer has at least one first through-hole, and each of the light-transmitting areas is provided with a first through-hole; each of the light-adjusting structures is opposite to a first through-hole; the area of ​​the overlapping region of the orthographic projection of the first side of the first insulating portion on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole on the substrate is a first area, and the area of ​​the overlapping region of the orthographic projection of the second side of the first insulating portion on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole on the substrate is a second area, and the first area is greater than the second area.

[0009] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the second side of the first insulating portion onto the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through hole onto the substrate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the width of the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first side surface on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the first through hole on the substrate in the second direction is a first width, the maximum width of the first through hole in the second direction is a second width, and the first width is equal to the second width.

[0011] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the edge of the first side away from the substrate onto the substrate is at least partially located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole onto the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the edge of the first side near the substrate onto the substrate is at least partially located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole onto the substrate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the display substrate further includes a second light-shielding layer, which is located between the light-adjusting structure and the substrate, or the second light-shielding layer is located between the first light-shielding layer and the light-adjusting structure;

[0013] The second light-shielding layer is provided with at least one second through hole, and the orthographic projection of each first through hole on the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of a second through hole on the substrate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer, the pixel defining layer having a plurality of pixel openings, each sub-pixel being at least partially located within one of the pixel openings; one of the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer is the pixel defining layer, the other is located on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate, and has a plurality of third through holes; the orthographic projection of each of the third through holes on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate.

[0015] In one embodiment, the display substrate further includes a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, wherein the refractive index of the first insulating layer is less than that of the second insulating layer; the first insulating layer has a plurality of openings, and the orthogonal projection of each opening on the substrate covers the orthogonal projection of a sub-pixel on the substrate; each opening is filled by the second insulating layer; the light-adjusting structure is located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the substrate; the first insulating layer covers the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer having the third through-hole.

[0016] In one embodiment, the display substrate further includes a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, wherein the refractive index of the first insulating layer is less than that of the second insulating layer; the first insulating layer has a plurality of openings, wherein the orthogonal projection of each opening on the substrate covers the orthogonal projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate; and each opening is filled by the second insulating layer.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first insulating portion is located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the substrate; the refractive index of the first insulating portion is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first insulating layer.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first insulating portion and the first insulating layer are an integral structure.

[0019] In one embodiment, the material of the first insulating portion is different from the material of the first insulating layer.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first insulating layer is provided with at least one fourth through hole, the fourth through hole being located in the light-transmitting area, and the light-adjusting structure being located within the fourth through hole.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first insulating portion is made of the same material as the first insulating layer.

[0022] In one embodiment, the display substrate further includes a planarization layer located on the side of the second insulating layer away from the substrate, the planarization layer and the second insulating layer being an integral structure.

[0023] In one embodiment, in the direction of the substrate pointing toward the planar layer, the side of the first insulating portion extends obliquely inward.

[0024] In one embodiment, the second insulating portion and the second insulating layer are disposed in the same layer and are made of the same material.

[0025] In one embodiment, the display substrate further includes a planarization layer located on the side of the second insulating layer away from the substrate, the planarization layer being an integral structure with the first insulating portion.

[0026] In one embodiment, in the direction of the substrate pointing toward the planar layer, the side of the first insulating portion extends obliquely outward.

[0027] In one embodiment, the display substrate further includes a second light-shielding layer located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the substrate, the second light-shielding layer having at least one second through hole and a plurality of third through holes; the orthographic projection of each of the first insulating portions on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection of a second through hole on the substrate; the orthographic projection of each of the third through holes on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of a sub-pixel on the substrate.

[0028] In one embodiment, the second insulating layer is partially located within the opening and partially covers the surface of the first insulating layer away from the substrate; the second light-shielding layer is located between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer, or the second light-shielding layer is located on the surface of the second insulating layer away from the substrate.

[0029] In one embodiment, the display substrate includes a color filter layer, the color filter layer including a plurality of spaced-apart color filter portions; the orthographic projection of each color filter portion on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate; the color filter layer is reused as the second insulating layer.

[0030] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the first insulating layer is in the range of 1.45 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second insulating layer is in the range of 1.65 to 1.75.

[0031] In one embodiment, the display substrate includes a color filter layer, the color filter layer including a plurality of spaced-apart color filter portions; the orthographic projection of each color filter portion on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate; the color filter layer is reused as the first insulating layer.

[0032] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the first insulating layer is in the range of 1.55 to 1.65, and the refractive index of the second insulating layer is in the range of 1.76 to 1.85.

[0033] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the first insulating portion ranges from 1.45 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion ranges from 1.65 to 1.75; or,

[0034] The refractive index of the first insulating part is in the range of 1.45 to 1.55, and the refractive index of the second insulating part is in the range of 1.76 to 1.85.

[0035] In one embodiment, the slope angle of the first side and the slope angle of the second side are both in the range of 45° to 80°.

[0036] According to a second aspect of the present application, a display substrate is provided, the display substrate including a main display area and a component area; the component area including at least one light-transmitting area and an auxiliary display area, the width of the light-transmitting area in a first direction being greater than its width in a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; the display substrate includes:

[0037] Substrate;

[0038] A light-emitting structure layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting structure layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels located in the auxiliary display area and a plurality of sub-pixels located in the main display area;

[0039] A light-adjusting structure includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, wherein the second insulating portion at least covers the side surface of the first insulating portion, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion is greater than the refractive index of the first insulating portion; the first insulating portion includes two first side surfaces opposite each other in a first direction and two second side surfaces opposite each other in a second direction; both the first side surfaces and the second side surfaces are inclined surfaces.

[0040] A first light-shielding layer is located between the light-adjusting structure and the substrate; the first light-shielding layer has at least one first through-hole, and each of the light-transmitting areas is provided with a first through-hole; each of the light-adjusting structures is opposite to a first through-hole; the orthographic projection of the first side surface of the first insulating portion on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second side surface on the substrate both fall at least partially within the corresponding first through-hole; the slope angle of the first side surface is in the range of 45° to 80°, and the slope angle of the second side surface is less than 45° or greater than 80°.

[0041] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display device is provided, the display device including the display substrate described above.

[0042] The display substrate and display device provided in this application embodiment can reduce the difference between the brightness decay rate of ambient light passing through the first through hole in the first direction X and the brightness decay rate in the second direction Y, which helps to improve the working effect of electronic components located below the component area. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 is a top view of a display substrate provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 is a partial top view of the component area of ​​a display substrate provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along AA;

[0046] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along BB;

[0047] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display substrate shown in Figure 3;

[0048] Figure 6 is a partial top view of the component area of ​​a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 6 along CC;

[0050] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 6 along DD;

[0051] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display substrate shown in Figure 7;

[0052] Figure 10 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 6 along CC;

[0053] Figure 11 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 6 along DD;

[0054] Figure 12 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 6 along CC;

[0055] Figure 13 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 6 along DD;

[0056] Figure 14 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along AA;

[0057] Figure 15 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along BB;

[0058] Figure 16 is a partial top view of the component area of ​​a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 16 along EE;

[0060] Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 16 along FF;

[0061] Figure 19 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along AA;

[0062] Figure 20 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along BB;

[0063] Figure 21 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along AA;

[0064] Figure 22 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along BB;

[0065] Figure 23 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 16 along EE;

[0066] Figure 24 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 16 along FF;

[0067] Figure 25 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 16 along EE;

[0068] Figure 26 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 16 along FF;

[0069] Figure 27 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along AA;

[0070] Figure 28 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 2 along BB;

[0071] Figure 29 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 6 along AA;

[0072] Figure 30 is another cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the display substrate shown in Figure 6 along BB. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other. When the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0074] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture; if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0075] A display substrate includes a main display area and a component area. The component area includes multiple light-transmitting areas and an auxiliary display area. A light-shielding layer has through-holes located in the light-transmitting areas, allowing ambient light to pass through these areas and enter electronic components, such as imaging components, located below the component area. The size and shape of the light-transmitting areas are limited by the arrangement of sub-pixels within the auxiliary display areas. To improve the light transmittance of the component area and increase the area of ​​the through-holes, the through-holes in the light-shielding layer typically have different widths in two mutually perpendicular directions; for example, the width in the first direction is greater than the width in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The inventors have discovered that when ambient light passes through the through-holes in the light-shielding layer, the brightness attenuation rate of the ambient light passing through the through-holes in the first direction is less than the brightness attenuation rate in the second direction, affecting the operating performance of the electronic components.

[0076] This application provides a display substrate and a display device that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The display substrate and display device of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features in the following embodiments can complement or combine with each other.

[0077] This application provides a display substrate. As shown in FIG1, the display substrate includes a display area 110, which includes a main display area 111 and a component area 112. As shown in FIG2, the component area 112 includes at least one light-transmitting area 113 and an auxiliary display area 114; the width of the light-transmitting area 113 in a first direction X is greater than its width in a second direction Y, and the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0078] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate includes a substrate 10, a light-emitting structure layer 20, a light-adjusting structure, and a first light-shielding layer 31. The light-emitting structure layer 20 is located on one side of the substrate 10; the light-emitting structure layer 20 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 21 located in the auxiliary display area 114 and a plurality of sub-pixels 21 located in the main display area 111. The light-adjusting structure includes a first insulating portion 32 and a second insulating portion 33, the second insulating portion 33 covering the side surface of the first insulating portion 32, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion 33 being greater than the refractive index of the first insulating portion 32; the first insulating portion 32 includes two first side surfaces 321 opposite each other in the first direction X and two second side surfaces 322 opposite each other in the second direction Y; both the first side surfaces 321 and the second side surfaces 322 are inclined surfaces. An inclined surface refers to a surface that is tilted relative to the substrate 10 towards the light-emitting structure layer 20. The first light-shielding layer 31 is located between the light-adjusting structure and the substrate 10. The first light-shielding layer 31 has at least one first through-hole 311, and each of the light-transmitting areas 113 has a first through-hole 311. Each of the light-adjusting structures is opposite to one of the first through-holes 311. The area of ​​the overlapping region between the orthographic projection of the first side surface 321 of the first insulating portion 32 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10 is a first area, and the area of ​​the overlapping region between the orthographic projection of the second side surface 322 of the first insulating portion 32 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10 is a second area. The first area is larger than the second area. The first area refers to the sum of the areas of the overlapping regions between the orthographic projections of the two first side surfaces 321 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projections of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10, and the second area refers to the sum of the areas of the overlapping regions between the orthographic projections of the two second side surfaces 322 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projections of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10.

[0079] In the embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first side surface 321 and the second side surface 322 extend obliquely inward in the direction from the substrate 10 to the light-emitting structure layer 20. That is, in the direction from the substrate 10 to the light-emitting structure layer 20, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first insulating portion 32 gradually decreases. When ambient light is incident from the second insulating portion 33 onto the first side surface 321 of the first insulating portion 32, the angle of refraction of the light is greater than the angle of incidence because the refractive index of the second insulating portion 33 is greater than that of the first insulating portion 32. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the incident angle of light ray L1 is θ1. After refraction at the first side 321, the exit angle of light ray L2 is θ2, which is greater than θ1. As can be seen in the figure, light ray L2 is closer to the normal viewing angle direction than light ray L1 and eventually exits through the first through hole. It can be seen that the light adjustment structure increases the attenuation rate of light ray L1. For light rays with smaller incident angles, such as light ray L3, the incident angle is θ3. After refraction at the first side 321, the exit angle of light ray L4 is θ4, which is greater than θ3. Although light ray L4 is further away from the normal viewing angle direction than light ray L3, light ray L4 will eventually be absorbed by the first light-shielding layer 31, which does not affect the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light exiting through the first through hole in the first direction. For light rays with larger incident angles, such as light ray L5, the incident angle is θ5. After refraction, the exit angle of light ray L6 is θ6, which is greater than θ5. Light ray L6 is closer to the normal viewing angle direction than light ray L5. In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, when light is incident from the first insulating portion 32 to the first side surface 321 of the first insulating portion 32, due to the large incident angle of the light, the exit angle of the emitted light is also large. The emitted light is ultimately absorbed by the first light-shielding layer 31, without affecting the brightness attenuation rate of the ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X. It can be seen that the first side surface 321 of the light-adjusting structure can increase the brightness attenuation rate of the ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X. Similarly, the second side surface 322 of the light-adjusting structure can increase the brightness attenuation rate of the ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y.

[0080] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 6 to 8, the first side surface 321 and the second side surface 322 extend obliquely outward in the direction from the substrate 10 to the light-emitting structure layer 20. That is, in the direction from the substrate 10 to the light-emitting structure layer 20, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first insulating portion 32 gradually increases. As shown in Figure 9, when ambient light is incident from the first insulating portion 32 to the first side surface 321 of the first insulating portion 32, the refractive index of the second insulating portion 33 is greater than that of the first insulating portion 32, so the angle of refraction of the light is smaller than the angle of incidence. Specifically, the angle of incidence of light ray L1' is θ1', and after refraction, the angle of exit of the outgoing light ray L2' is θ2', which is smaller than θ1'. As can be seen in the figure, light ray L2' is closer to the positive viewing angle direction, and light ray L2' can eventually exit through the first through-hole 311. It can be seen that the light adjustment structure increases the attenuation rate of light ray L1'. The incident angle of ray L3' is θ3'. After refraction, the exit angle of ray L4' is θ4', which is smaller than θ3'. Although ray L4' deviates more from the normal viewing angle direction than ray L3', ray L4' will eventually be absorbed by the first light-shielding layer 31, without affecting the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X. In the embodiments shown in Figures 6 to 8, when light is incident from the second insulating part 33 to the first side surface 321 of the first insulating part 32, the incident angle of the light is large, and the exit angle of the light is also large. The light will eventually be absorbed by the first light-shielding layer 31, without affecting the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X. It can be seen that the first side surface 321 of the light adjustment structure can increase the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X. Similarly, the second side surface 322 of the light adjustment structure can increase the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y.

[0081] As can be seen from the above analysis, the display substrate provided in this application embodiment, by setting the first side surface 321 and the second side surface 322 of the first insulating portion 32 of the light adjustment structure to be both inclined surfaces, and the second insulating portion 33 covering the side surface of the first insulating portion 32, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion 33 being greater than the refractive index of the first insulating portion 32, can increase the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the corresponding first through hole 311 in the first direction, and the second side surface 322 can increase the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the corresponding first through hole 311 in the second direction Y; since the first side surface 321 is on the substrate 10, the first side surface 321 can increase the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the corresponding first through hole 311 in the second direction Y; The area of ​​the projection and the area of ​​the corresponding first through hole 311 projected onto the substrate 10 are greater than the area of ​​the second side 322 projected onto the substrate 10 and the area of ​​the corresponding first through hole 311 projected onto the substrate 10. Therefore, the increase in the brightness decay rate of ambient light in the first direction X is greater than the increase in the brightness decay rate of ambient light in the second direction Y. This can reduce the difference between the brightness decay rate of ambient light passing through the first through hole 311 in the first direction X and the brightness decay rate in the second direction Y, which helps to improve the working effect of the electronic components located below the component area 112.

[0082] In one embodiment, each of the component area 112 and the main display area 111 may display an image individually or together.

[0083] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display area 110 includes a component area 112 and is surrounded by the main display area 111. In other embodiments, the display area 110 may have two or more component areas 112, and the shapes and sizes of the multiple component areas 112 may be the same or different from each other. When viewed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the display substrate, the component area 112 may have various shapes, such as polygonal shapes (e.g., rectangular shapes, star shapes, rhombus shapes, and similar shapes), circular shapes, and elliptical shapes. In the embodiment shown in FIG1, the component area 112 is located at the center of the upper region of the display area 110. In other embodiments, the component area 112 may also be located on one side of the main display area 111, such as the upper right or upper left side.

[0084] In one embodiment, the display device including the display substrate further includes electronic components, which may be located on the side of the substrate 10 away from the light-emitting structure layer 20 and opposite the component region 112. The electronic components may include an image-capturing element as a camera using ultraviolet, visible, or similar light. Alternatively, the electronic components may be a solar cell, a flash, an illuminance sensor, a proximity sensor, or an iris sensor. Furthermore, the electronic components may have the function of receiving sound. To minimize limitations on the functionality of the electronic components, the component region 112 may include a light-transmitting region 113 through which light and / or sound, etc., output from or towards the electronic components, can be transmitted. In some embodiments, when light is transmitted through the component region 112, the transmittance of the component region 112 may be greater than or equal to about 10%, for example, greater than or equal to about 40%, greater than or equal to about 25%, greater than or equal to about 50%, greater than or equal to about 85%, or greater than or equal to about 90%.

[0085] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display substrate further includes a border region 120, which is located on at least one side of the display region 110. In the embodiment shown in FIG1, the border region 120 is disposed around the display region 110.

[0086] In one embodiment, the substrate 10 can be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate. The flexible substrate may be made of one or more of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and organic resin materials, including epoxy resin, triazine, silicone resin, or polyimide. The rigid substrate may include any one of glass substrates, quartz substrates, sapphire substrates, etc.

[0087] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a driving circuit layer 60 located between the substrate 10 and the light-emitting structure layer 20. The driving circuit layer 60 includes a plurality of pixel circuits, which drive sub-pixels 21. Each pixel circuit corresponds one-to-one with a sub-pixel 21, and each pixel circuit drives its corresponding sub-pixel 21.

[0088] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the pixel circuit may include a thin-film transistor 61 and a capacitor 62. The thin-film transistor 61 may include an active layer 611, a gate 612, a first electrode 613, and a second electrode 614. One of the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 is the source, and the other is the drain. The capacitor 62 includes a first electrode plate 621 and a second electrode plate 622 disposed opposite to each other. The pixel circuit layer may also include multiple signal lines, such as scan signal lines, data signal lines, power signal lines, etc.

[0089] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the gate 612 and the first electrode 621 of the capacitor 62 are located on the same layer, the second electrode 622 of the capacitor 62 is located on the side of the first electrode 621 away from the substrate 10, and the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 of the thin-film transistor 61 are located on the same layer, and on the side of the second electrode 622 away from the substrate 10. The driving circuit layer 60 also includes a gate insulating layer 63 located between the active layer 611 and the gate 612, a capacitor insulating layer 64 located between the gate 612 and the second electrode 622, an interlayer dielectric layer 65 located between the second electrode 622 and the first electrode 613, and a planarization layer 66 located between the first electrode 613 and the light-emitting structure layer 20. The first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 are in contact with the active layer 611 through vias penetrating the interlayer dielectric layer 65, the capacitor insulating layer 64, and the gate insulating layer 63, respectively. The description and accompanying drawings herein illustrate the thin-film transistor 61 as an LTPS type transistor. In other embodiments, the thin-film transistor 61 may be an LTPO type transistor, and the specific structure is not limited. In some embodiments, the driving circuit layer 60 further includes a transition structure located on the side of the planarization layer 66 away from the substrate 10 and a planarization film layer located on the side of the transition structure away from the substrate 10. The transition structure is electrically connected to the second electrode 614 through a via penetrating the planarization layer 66.

[0090] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, each sub-pixel 21 includes a first electrode 211, a light-emitting material layer 212 located on the side of the first electrode 211 away from the substrate 10, and a second electrode 213 located on the side of the light-emitting material layer 212 away from the substrate 10. The first electrode 211 is electrically connected to the second electrode 614 through a via penetrating the planarization layer 66. When the driving circuit layer 60 includes a transition structure and a planarization film layer, the first electrode 211 is electrically connected to the transition structure through a via penetrating the planarization film layer, thereby the first electrode 211 is electrically connected to the second electrode 614 through the transition structure. One of the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 213 is an anode, and the other is a cathode. In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first electrode 211 is an anode, the second electrode 213 is a cathode, the cathode is a common electrode, and the cathodes of all sub-pixels 21 are connected to form a surface electrode. In some embodiments, the light-emitting material layer 212 is an organic light-emitting material layer, and the sub-pixels 21 are OLEDs. In one embodiment, the light-emitting structure layer 20 includes at least three sub-pixels 21 with different emission colors.

[0091] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer 22 located on the side of the first electrode 211 away from the substrate 10. The pixel defining layer 22 has a plurality of pixel openings 221, some of which are located in the main display area 111 and some in the auxiliary display area 114. Each pixel opening 221 corresponds to a sub-pixel 21, and each pixel opening 221 exposes at least a portion of the corresponding first electrode 211. At least a portion of the light-emitting material layer 212 of each sub-pixel is located within the pixel opening 221. At least a portion of the second electrode 213 is located on the side of the pixel defining layer 22 away from the substrate 10. Each pixel opening 221 defines the light-emitting area of ​​the corresponding sub-pixel 21; specifically, the area defined by the pixel opening 221 facing the bottom surface of the substrate 10 is the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 21 onto the substrate 10 refers to the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel 21 onto the substrate 10. In the direction from the substrate 10 to the pixel defining layer 22, the side of the pixel opening 221 extends obliquely outward. The pixel opening 221 of the pixel defining layer 22 can be formed by an exposure and development process, resulting in the shape of the formed pixel opening 221. In some embodiments, the material of the pixel defining layer 22 is a light-shielding material.

[0092] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer 87 located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer 20 away from the substrate 10. The encapsulation layer 87 may be a thin-film encapsulation layer, comprising alternating organic and inorganic layers, wherein the layer with the greatest distance from the substrate 10 is an inorganic layer. In some embodiments, the thin-film encapsulation layer may include two inorganic layers and an organic layer located between the two inorganic layers.

[0093] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a touch structure layer 80 located on the side of the encapsulation layer 87 away from the substrate 10. The touch structure layer 80 includes a first touch electrode layer 83, a second touch electrode layer 81 located on the side of the first touch electrode layer 83 away from the substrate 10, an insulating material layer 84 located between the first touch electrode layer 83 and the second touch electrode layer 81, and an insulating protective layer 86 located on the side of the second touch electrode layer 81 away from the substrate 10. The insulating protective layer 86 covers the second touch electrode layer 81. The second touch electrode layer 81 may include a plurality of first touch electrodes, a plurality of second touch electrodes, and a plurality of first connecting portions. The first touch electrode layer 83 includes a plurality of second connecting portions. Adjacent first touch electrodes can be connected through the first connecting portions, and adjacent second touch electrodes can be electrically connected through the second connecting portions. The materials of the insulating protective layer 86 and the insulating material layer 84 can be organic or inorganic materials, and the surface of the insulating protective layer 86 and the insulating material layer 84 away from the substrate 10 has good flatness.

[0094] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a first insulating layer 70 and a second insulating layer 82 located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer 20 away from the substrate. The refractive index of the first insulating layer 70 is less than that of the second insulating layer 82. The first insulating layer 70 has a plurality of openings 71, and the orthographic projection of each opening 71 on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of one sub-pixel 21 on the substrate 10. Each opening 71 is filled by the second insulating layer 82. With this configuration, after the light emitted by the sub-pixel 21 is incident on the side of the opening 71 of the first insulating layer 70 through the second insulating layer 82, most of the light undergoes total internal reflection on the side of the opening 71 of the first insulating layer 70 and is then emitted, thereby helping to reduce light loss and improve the light extraction efficiency of the display substrate.

[0095] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the first insulating layer 70 is in the range of 1.45 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second insulating layer 82 is in the range of 1.65 to 1.75. Thus, the large difference in refractive index between the second insulating layer 82 and the first insulating layer 70 effectively improves the total internal reflection efficiency of light incident on the side of the opening 71 of the first insulating layer 70.

[0096] In one embodiment, the slope angle of the side of the opening 71 of the first insulating layer 70 ranges from 45° to 85°; the thickness of the first insulating layer 70 ranges from 1 μm to 3 μm.

[0097] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a color filter layer 40, which includes a plurality of color filter portions 41. The orthographic projection of each color filter portion 41 on the substrate 10 overlaps the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels 21 on the substrate 10. Each sub-pixel 21 corresponds one-to-one with a color filter portion 41, and the orthographic projection of each sub-pixel 21 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of the corresponding color filter portion 41 on the substrate 10. The emission color of each sub-pixel 21 is the same as the color of the corresponding color filter portion 41. For example, the light-emitting structure layer 20 includes sub-pixels with a first emission color, sub-pixels with a second emission color, and sub-pixels with a third emission color; the color filter layer 40 includes a first color filter portion, a second color filter portion, and a third color filter portion. In some embodiments, the first color may be red, the second color may be blue, and the third color may be green.

[0098] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the color filter layer 40 is reused as a second insulating layer 82, and each color filter portion 41 partially fills an opening 71, with a portion located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 away from the substrate 10. This arrangement helps reduce the thickness and structural complexity of the display substrate and simplifies the display substrate fabrication process. In this embodiment, during the fabrication of the display substrate, the first insulating layer 70 is formed first, followed by the second insulating layer 82. In some embodiments, the thickness of the portion of the color filter layer 40 located within the opening 71 ranges from 2 μm to 4 μm; the thickness of the portion of the color filter layer 40 located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 away from the substrate 10 ranges from 0 μm to 6 μm.

[0099] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a light-shielding material layer 90 located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 away from the substrate 10. The light-shielding material layer 90 has a plurality of openings 91, and the orthographic projection of each opening 91 on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels 21 on the substrate 10. The light-shielding material layer 90 can prevent color crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels 21. In some embodiments, the thickness of the light-shielding material layer 90 is in the range of 1 μm to 2 μm.

[0100] In one embodiment, the edge of the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the opening 91 of the light-shielding material layer 90 onto the substrate 10 is the first edge, and the edge of the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the pixel opening 221 of the pixel limiting layer 22 onto the substrate 10 is the second edge. The first edge of each opening 91 is located outside the second edge of a pixel opening 221; the distance between the first edge and the second edge ranges from 3μm to 6μm.

[0101] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a planarization layer 85 located on the side of the color filter layer 40 and the light-shielding material layer 90 away from the substrate 10; the planarization layer 85 covers the surface of the light-shielding material layer 90 away from the substrate 10 and the surface of the color filter layer 40 away from the substrate 10. The material of the planarization layer 85 may be an organic resin. In some embodiments, the thickness of the planarization layer 85 ranges from 3 μm to 6 μm.

[0102] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the width of the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first side surface 321 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10 in the second direction Y is a first width, and the maximum width of the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y is a second width, wherein the first width is equal to the second width. This configuration increases the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first side surface 321 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10, thereby effectively increasing the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y. In the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 4, the width of the orthographic projection of the first side surface 321 on the substrate 10 in the second direction Y is greater than the maximum width of the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y, and the opposite ends of the first side surface 321 extend beyond the corresponding first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y.

[0103] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the orthographic projection of the edge of the first side surface 321 away from the substrate 10 on the substrate 10 is at least partially located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10, and the orthographic projection of the edge of the first side surface 321 near the substrate 10 on the substrate 10 is at least partially located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10. This configuration further increases the overlap area between the orthographic projection of the first side surface 321 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10, thereby increasing the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X. The length of the edge of the first side surface 321 away from the substrate 10 is greater than the length of the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y, and the length of the edge of the first side surface 321 near the substrate 10 is greater than the length of the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y.

[0104] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 7, the distance between the outer edge of the first side surface 321 away from the substrate 10 and the corresponding edge of the first through-hole 311 on the same side in the first direction X is d1, where d1 ranges from 0 to 3 μm. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the edge of the first side surface 321 near the substrate 10 is located on the outer side; in the embodiment shown in Figure 7, the edge of the first side surface 321 away from the substrate 10 is located on the outer side.

[0105] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the orthographic projection of the second side surface 322 of the first insulating portion 32 onto the substrate 10 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole 311 onto the substrate 10. That is, the second area is 0. With this configuration, the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light in the second direction Y is essentially unaffected by the light adjustment structure, and the difference between the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X and the brightness attenuation rate in the second direction Y can be reduced more effectively.

[0106] Further, as shown in FIG4, among the edges of the second side surface 322 away from the substrate 10 and the edges close to the substrate 10, the distance between the outer edge and the corresponding edge of the first through hole 311 on the same side in the second direction Y is d2, and the range of d2 is 2μm to 8μm.

[0107] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first insulating portion 32 ranges from 1 μm to 3 μm. This avoids the first insulating portion 32 being too thin, resulting in a small area of ​​the first side surface 321, which in turn leads to a small overlap between the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first side surface 321 onto the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first via 311 onto the substrate 10. It also avoids the first insulating portion 32 being too thick, resulting in an increased thickness of the display substrate. In some embodiments, the thickness of the first insulating portion 32 can be 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, etc.

[0108] In one embodiment, the slope angles of both the first side surface 321 and the second side surface 322 range from 45° to 80°. This configuration effectively increases the rate of ambient light attenuation in the first direction X of the first via 311. When the orthographic projection of the second side surface 322 onto the substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first via 311 onto the substrate 10, it effectively increases the rate of ambient light attenuation in the second direction Y of the first via 311. In some embodiments, the slope angles of the first side surface 321 and the second side surface 322 can be 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, etc.

[0109] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a second light-shielding layer 50. The second light-shielding layer 50 has at least one second through-hole 51, and each second through-hole 51 is opposite to a first through-hole 311. One of the first light-shielding layer 31 and the second light-shielding layer 50 is the pixel defining layer 22, and the other is located on the side of the pixel defining layer 22 away from the substrate 10, and has a plurality of third through-holes. The orthographic projection of each third through-hole on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of a sub-pixel 21 on the substrate 10. In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first light-shielding layer 31 is the pixel defining layer 22, the second light-shielding layer 50 is a light-shielding material layer 90, and the opening 91 is also the third through-hole.

[0110] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the second light-shielding layer 50 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 away from the substrate 10, and the first insulating portion 32 and the second insulating portion 33 of each light-adjusting structure are located within a second through-hole 51. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the first through-hole 311 onto the substrate 10 can fall within the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding second through-hole 51 onto the substrate 10, and the distance between the edge of the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the first through-hole 311 onto the substrate 10 and the edge of the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding first through-hole 311 onto the substrate 10 can be in the range of 1 μm to 3 μm.

[0111] In one embodiment, the geometric center of the orthographic projection of each second via 51 onto the substrate 10 coincides with the geometric center of the orthographic projection of the corresponding first via 311 onto the substrate 10.

[0112] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first insulating portion 32 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 away from the substrate 10; the refractive index of the first insulating portion 32 is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first insulating layer 70. This arrangement avoids the problem of reduced emission through the first through-hole 311 caused by reflection of ambient light at the interface between the first insulating portion 32 and the first insulating layer 70.

[0113] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first insulating portion 32 and the first insulating layer 70 are an integral structure. With this configuration, the first insulating portion 32 and the first insulating layer 70 can be formed simultaneously in the same process step using a halftone mask, which helps simplify the fabrication process of the display substrate; furthermore, the first insulating portion 32 and the first insulating layer 70 are made of the same material, so ambient light is not lost when it is incident on the first insulating layer 70 from the first insulating portion 32.

[0114] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the planarization layer 85 and the second insulating portion 33 are an integral structure. This configuration allows the planarization layer 85 and the second insulating portion 33 to be formed simultaneously in the same process step, helping to simplify the fabrication process complexity of the display substrate.

[0115] Furthermore, in the direction from the substrate 10 to the planarization layer 85, the side surface of the first insulating portion 32 extends obliquely inward. In this embodiment, the first insulating portion 32 is prepared first, and then the second insulating portion 33 is prepared. The first insulating portion 32 is prepared by an exposure and development process. Therefore, both the first side surface 321 and the second side surface 322 of the first insulating portion 32 extend obliquely inward in the direction from the substrate 10 to the planarization layer 85.

[0116] Furthermore, the refractive index of the first insulating portion 32 is in the range of 1.45 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion 33 is in the range of 1.65 to 1.75. These numerical ranges can effectively increase the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the corresponding first through-hole 311 in the first direction X.

[0117] Furthermore, the color filter layer 40 is in direct contact with the planarization layer 85, and the refractive index of the color filter layer 40 ranges from 1.65 to 1.75. Thus, the difference in refractive index between the color filter layer 40 and the planarization layer 85 is very small or negligible, resulting in minimal light loss when light passes through the interface between the color filter layer 40 and the planarization layer 85.

[0118] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the second insulating layer 82 is partially located within the opening 71 of the first insulating layer 70 and partially covers the surface of the first insulating layer 70 away from the substrate; the second light-shielding layer 50 is located between the first insulating layer 70 and the second insulating layer 82.

[0119] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first insulating layer 70 is reused as an insulating protective layer 86. This helps to reduce the thickness of the display substrate. In other embodiments, the first insulating layer 70 and the insulating protective layer 86 are different film layers, and the first insulating layer 70 is located on the side of the insulating protective layer 86 away from the substrate 10.

[0120] This application also provides another display substrate, as shown in Figures 6 to 8. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 3 and 4 are described; the similarities can be found in the descriptions of Figures 3 and 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0121] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the color filter layer 40 is reused as the first insulating layer 70. In this embodiment, the second insulating layer 82 includes a plurality of spaced insulating structures 821, and each color filter portion 41 covers the side and top surface of an insulating structure 821. During the fabrication process of the display substrate, the second insulating layer 82 is formed first, and then the first insulating layer 70 is formed.

[0122] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the first insulating layer 70 ranges from 1.55 to 1.65, and the refractive index of the second insulating layer 82 ranges from 1.76 to 1.85. Thus, the large difference in refractive index between the second insulating layer 82 and the first insulating layer 70 effectively improves the total internal reflection efficiency of light incident on the side of the opening 71 of the first insulating layer 70.

[0123] In this embodiment, the thickness of the color filter portion 41 located on the side of the insulating structure 821 away from the substrate 10 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 6 μm.

[0124] In this embodiment, the thickness of the insulating structure 821 ranges from 1.5 μm to 2.5 μm.

[0125] In this embodiment, the side of the insulating structure 821 extends obliquely inward in the direction from the substrate 10 to the planarization layer 85; the slope angle of the side of the insulating structure 821 is in the range of 45° to 85°.

[0126] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the second insulating portion 33 and the second insulating layer 82 are disposed in the same layer and are made of the same material. This arrangement allows the second insulating portion 33 and the second insulating layer 82 to be formed simultaneously in the same process step, which helps simplify the fabrication process of the display substrate.

[0127] In this embodiment, the planarization layer 85 and the first insulating portion 32 are integrally formed. This configuration allows the planarization layer 85 and the first insulating portion 32 to be formed in the same process step, simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0128] Furthermore, the refractive index of the first insulating portion 32 is in the range of 1.45 to 1.55, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion 33 is in the range of 1.76 to 1.85; the planarization layer 85 has the same refractive index as the first insulating portion.

[0129] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is located between the second insulating layer 82 and the first insulating layer 70, and a portion of the light-shielding material layer 90 and the second insulating portion 33 are shared and reused as an insulating protective layer 86.

[0130] This application also provides another display substrate, as shown in Figures 10 and 11. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 6 to 8 are described; the similarities are not repeated.

[0131] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 70, which is also the side of the color filter layer 40 away from the substrate 10.

[0132] This application also provides another type of display substrate, as shown in Figures 12 and 13. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 6 to 9 are described; the similarities are not repeated.

[0133] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 facing the substrate 10.

[0134] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is reused as an insulating protective layer 86.

[0135] This application also provides another display substrate, as shown in Figures 14 and 15. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 3 and 4 are described; the similarities can be found in the descriptions of Figures 3 and 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0136] In this embodiment, the first insulating portion 32 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 away from the substrate 10, and the material of the first insulating portion 32 is different from the material of the first insulating layer 70. The first insulating portion 32 and the first insulating layer 70 are formed in different process steps.

[0137] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the first insulating portion 32 is in the range of 1.45 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion 33 is in the range of 1.65 to 1.75.

[0138] This application also provides another type of display substrate, as shown in Figures 16 to 18. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 3 and 4 are described; the similarities can be found in the descriptions of Figures 3 and 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0139] In this embodiment, the first insulating layer 70 is provided with at least one fourth through-hole 72, which is located in the light-transmitting area 113. A light-adjusting structure corresponds one-to-one with each fourth through-hole 72, and the first insulating portion 32 and the second insulating portion 33 of each light-adjusting structure are located within the corresponding fourth through-hole 72. This arrangement helps to reduce the thickness of the display substrate.

[0140] Furthermore, the first insulating portion 32 is made of the same material as the first insulating layer 70. Thus, the first insulating portion 32 and the first insulating layer 70 can be formed simultaneously in the same process step, which helps to simplify the fabrication process complexity of the display substrate.

[0141] This application also provides another display substrate, as shown in Figures 19 and 20. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 3 and 4 are described; the similarities can be found in the descriptions of Figures 3 and 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0142] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is located on the surface of the second insulating layer 82 away from the substrate 10.

[0143] In this embodiment, the first insulating layer 70 is reused as an insulating protective layer 86.

[0144] This application also provides another type of display substrate, as shown in Figures 21 and 22. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 3 and 4 are described; the similarities can be found in the descriptions of Figures 3 and 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0145] In this embodiment, the second light-shielding layer 50 is located between the light-adjusting structure and the substrate 10. The orthographic projection of each of the first through-holes 311 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of a second through-hole 51 on the substrate 10. This arrangement ensures that the second through-holes 51 do not affect the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the light-transmitting area 113 in the first direction X and the second direction Y. The second through-holes 51 and the first through-holes 311 can correspond one-to-one, with the orthographic projection of each first through-hole 311 on the substrate 10 falling within the orthographic projection of the corresponding second through-hole 51 on the substrate 10. In some embodiments, the distance between the edge of the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the second through-hole 51 on the substrate 10 and the edge of the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding second through-hole 51 on the substrate 10 ranges from 2 μm to 8 μm. In the embodiments shown in Figures 21 and 22, the second light-shielding layer 50 is located between the first light-shielding layer 31 and the light-adjusting structure; that is, the first light-shielding layer 31 is a pixel-defining layer 22, and the second light-shielding layer 50 is a light-shielding material layer 90. In other embodiments, the second light-shielding layer 50 may be located on the side of the first light-shielding layer 31 away from the light-adjusting structure. That is, the second light-shielding layer 50 is a pixel-defining layer 22, and the first light-shielding layer 31 is a light-shielding material layer 90.

[0146] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 facing the substrate 10.

[0147] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is reused as an insulating protective layer 86.

[0148] This application also provides another type of display substrate, as shown in Figures 23 and 24. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 16 to 18 are described; the similarities are not repeated.

[0149] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is located on the surface of the second insulating layer 82 away from the substrate 10.

[0150] In this embodiment, the first insulating layer 70 is reused as an insulating protective layer 86.

[0151] This application also provides another type of display substrate, as shown in Figures 25 and 26. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 16 to 18 are described; the similarities are not repeated.

[0152] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 facing the substrate 10.

[0153] In this embodiment, the light-shielding material layer 90 is reused as an insulating protective layer 86.

[0154] This application also provides another type of display substrate, as shown in Figures 27 and 28. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 3 to 5 and Figures 14 to 26 are described; the similarities are not repeated.

[0155] In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the first side surface 321 of the first insulating portion 32 onto the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the second side surface 322 onto the substrate 10 both fall at least partially within the corresponding first through-hole 311; the slope angle of the first side surface 321 is α1, and the slope angle of the second side surface 322 is α2, where α1 ranges from 45° to 80°, and α2 is less than 45° or greater than 80°. Experimental verification shows that when α1 and α2 are within the above ranges, the first side surface 321 can effectively increase the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X, while the second side surface 322 has a smaller impact on the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y. This effectively reduces the difference between the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X and the brightness attenuation rate in the second direction Y.

[0156] In this embodiment, a directional ion beam etching process can be used to etch the first insulating portion 32 so that the slope angles of the first side and the second side are different.

[0157] This application also provides another display substrate, as shown in Figures 29 and 30. In this embodiment, only the differences from the display substrates shown in Figures 6 to 13 are described; the similarities are not repeated.

[0158] In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the first side surface 321 of the first insulating portion 32 onto the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the second side surface 322 onto the substrate 10 both fall at least partially within the corresponding first through-hole 311; the slope angle of the first side surface 321 is α1, and the slope angle of the second side surface 322 is α2, where α1 ranges from 45° to 80°, and α2 is less than 45° or greater than 80°. Experimental verification shows that when α1 and α2 are within the above ranges, the first side surface 321 can effectively increase the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X, while the second side surface 322 has a smaller impact on the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the second direction Y. This effectively reduces the difference between the brightness attenuation rate of ambient light passing through the first through-hole 311 in the first direction X and the brightness attenuation rate in the second direction Y.

[0159] In this embodiment, a directional ion beam etching process can be used to etch the second insulating portion 33 so that the slope angles of the first side and the second side are different.

[0160] This application also provides a display device. The display device includes the display substrate described in any of the above embodiments.

[0161] In one embodiment, the display device further includes a driver and a power supply circuit, wherein the driver is used to provide a driving signal to drive the sub-pixels to emit light, and the power supply circuit is used to supply power to the display substrate.

[0162] In one embodiment, the display device further includes a housing, and the display substrate is disposed within the housing.

[0163] The display device provided in this application embodiment can be any device with display function, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, television, laptop computer, or vehicle-mounted equipment.

[0164] It should be noted that the technical solutions or features described in the above embodiments can be combined or complemented by each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized by, The display substrate includes a main display area and a component area; the component area includes at least one light-transmitting area and an auxiliary display area, the width of the light-transmitting area in a first direction is greater than its width in a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the display substrate includes: Substrate; A light-emitting structure layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting structure layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels located in the auxiliary display area and a plurality of sub-pixels located in the main display area; A light-adjusting structure includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, the second insulating portion covering the side surface of the first insulating portion, the refractive index of the second insulating portion being greater than the refractive index of the first insulating portion; the first insulating portion includes two first side surfaces opposite each other in a first direction and two second side surfaces opposite each other in a second direction; both the first side surfaces and the second side surfaces are inclined surfaces. A first light-shielding layer is located between the light-adjusting structure and the substrate; the first light-shielding layer has at least one first through-hole, and each of the light-transmitting areas is provided with a first through-hole; each of the light-adjusting structures is opposite to a first through-hole; the area of ​​the overlapping region of the orthographic projection of the first side of the first insulating portion on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole on the substrate is a first area, and the area of ​​the overlapping region of the orthographic projection of the second side of the first insulating portion on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through-hole on the substrate is a second area, and the first area is greater than the second area.

2. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The orthographic projection of the second side of the first insulating portion onto the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through hole onto the substrate.

3. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The width of the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first side surface on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the first through hole on the substrate in the second direction is the first width, and the maximum width of the first through hole in the second direction is the second width, and the first width is equal to the second width.

4. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The orthographic projection of the edge of the first side away from the substrate on the substrate is at least partially located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through hole on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the edge of the first side near the substrate on the substrate is at least partially located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding first through hole on the substrate.

5. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The display substrate further includes a second light-shielding layer, which is located between the light-adjusting structure and the substrate, or the second light-shielding layer is located between the first light-shielding layer and the light-adjusting structure. The second light-shielding layer is provided with at least one second through hole, and the orthographic projection of each first through hole on the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of a second through hole on the substrate. 6.The display substrate of claim 5, wherein, The display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer, which has a plurality of pixel openings, and each sub-pixel is at least partially located within one of the pixel openings; one of the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer is the pixel defining layer, and the other is located on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate, and has a plurality of third through holes; the orthographic projection of each of the third through holes on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate.

7. The display substrate of claim 6, wherein, The display substrate further includes a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate. The refractive index of the first insulating layer is less than that of the second insulating layer. The first insulating layer is provided with a plurality of openings, and the orthogonal projection of each opening on the substrate covers the orthogonal projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate. Each of the openings is filled by the second insulating layer; the light-adjusting structure is located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the substrate; the first insulating layer covers the first light-shielding layer and the light-shielding layer in which the third through hole is provided. 8.The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The display substrate further includes a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate. The refractive index of the first insulating layer is less than that of the second insulating layer. The first insulating layer is provided with a plurality of openings, and the orthogonal projection of each opening on the substrate covers the orthogonal projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate. Each of the openings is filled by the second insulating layer. 9.The display substrate of claim 8, wherein, The first insulating portion is located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the substrate; the refractive index of the first insulating portion is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first insulating layer.

10. The display substrate according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first insulating part and the first insulating layer are an integral structure. 11.The display substrate of claim 9, wherein, The material of the first insulating portion is different from the material of the first insulating layer. 12.The display substrate of claim 8, wherein, The first insulating layer has at least one fourth through hole, the fourth through hole is located in the light-transmitting area, and the light-adjusting structure is located inside the fourth through hole. 13.The display substrate of claim 12, wherein, The first insulating portion is made of the same material as the first insulating layer. 14.The display substrate according to any one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a planarization layer located on the side of the second insulating layer away from the substrate, and the planarization layer and the second insulating layer are integrally formed. 15.The display substrate of claim 14, wherein, In the direction from the substrate to the planar layer, the side of the first insulating portion extends obliquely inward. 16.The display substrate of claim 8, wherein, The second insulating part is disposed in the same layer as the second insulating layer and is made of the same material. 17.The display substrate of claim 16, wherein, The display substrate further includes a planarization layer located on the side of the second insulating layer away from the substrate, and the planarization layer and the first insulating portion are integrally formed. 18.The display substrate of claim 17, wherein, In the direction from the substrate to the planar layer, the side of the first insulating portion extends obliquely outward.

19. The display substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a second light-shielding layer located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the substrate. The second light-shielding layer is provided with at least one second through hole and a plurality of third through holes. The orthographic projection of each of the first insulating portions on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection of one of the second through holes on the substrate. The orthographic projection of each of the third vias onto the substrate overlaps the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels onto the substrate. 20.The display substrate of claim 19, wherein, The second insulating layer is partially located within the opening and partially covers the surface of the first insulating layer away from the substrate; The second light-shielding layer is located between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer, or the second light-shielding layer is located on the surface of the second insulating layer away from the substrate. 21.The display substrate of claim 8, wherein, The display substrate includes a color filter layer, which includes a plurality of spaced-apart color filter portions; the orthographic projection of each color filter portion on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate; the color filter layer is reused as the second insulating layer. 22.The display substrate of claim 20, wherein, The refractive index of the first insulating layer is in the range of 1.45 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second insulating layer is in the range of 1.65 to 1.

75.

23. The display substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that, The display substrate includes a color filter layer, which includes a plurality of spaced-apart color filter portions; the orthographic projection of each color filter portion on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one of the sub-pixels on the substrate; the color filter layer is reused as the first insulating layer.

24. The display substrate according to claim 23, characterized in that, The refractive index of the first insulating layer is in the range of 1.55 to 1.65, and the refractive index of the second insulating layer is in the range of 1.76 to 1.

85. 25.The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The refractive index of the first insulating portion ranges from 1.45 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion ranges from 1.65 to 1.75; or, The refractive index of the first insulating part is in the range of 1.45 to 1.55, and the refractive index of the second insulating part is in the range of 1.76 to 1.

85. 26.The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The slope angles of the first side and the second side are both in the range of 45° to 80°.

27. A display substrate, comprising: The display substrate includes a main display area and a component area; the component area includes at least one light-transmitting area and an auxiliary display area, the width of the light-transmitting area in a first direction is greater than its width in a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the display substrate includes: Substrate; A light-emitting structure layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting structure layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels located in the auxiliary display area and a plurality of sub-pixels located in the main display area; A light-adjusting structure includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, wherein the second insulating portion at least covers the side surface of the first insulating portion, and the refractive index of the second insulating portion is greater than the refractive index of the first insulating portion; the first insulating portion includes two first side surfaces opposite each other in a first direction and two second side surfaces opposite each other in a second direction; both the first side surfaces and the second side surfaces are inclined surfaces. A first light-shielding layer is located between the light-adjusting structure and the substrate; the first light-shielding layer has at least one first through-hole, and each of the light-transmitting areas is provided with a first through-hole; each of the light-adjusting structures is opposite to a first through-hole; the orthographic projection of the first side surface of the first insulating portion on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second side surface on the substrate both fall at least partially within the corresponding first through-hole; the slope angle of the first side surface is in the range of 45° to 80°, and the slope angle of the second side surface is less than 45° or greater than 80°.

28. A display device comprising: The display device includes the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 27.

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