Battery discharge apparatus, energy storage apparatus and battery discharge method

Abstract

The present application relates to a battery discharge apparatus, an energy storage apparatus and a battery discharge method. The battery discharge apparatus comprises a discharge circuit, wherein the discharge circuit comprises a positive coupling terminal and a negative coupling terminal, which are configured to be coupled to a battery; and the discharge circuit is configured to discharge the battery, wherein the impedance of the discharge circuit is greater than a first preset impedance threshold value and less than a second preset impedance threshold value. By means of the present application, the service life of the battery can be prolonged.

Description

Battery discharging device, energy storage device and battery discharging method Related applications

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 2024119736171, filed on December 28, 2024, entitled "Battery discharging device, energy storage device and battery discharging method", the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to a battery discharging device, an energy storage device and a battery discharging method. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of new energy technology, batteries have become very important energy storage devices. At present, during the period from production off-line to use, batteries are usually stored in warehouses or in transit. Some types of batteries will have a significant reduction in service life after long-term storage.

[0004] Therefore, how to prolong the service life of the battery has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] Based on the above problems, the present application provides a battery discharging device, an energy storage device and a battery discharging method, which can prolong the service life of the energy storage device.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery discharging device, which comprises a discharging circuit, the discharging circuit comprising a positive coupling end and a negative coupling end; the positive coupling end and the negative coupling end are used for coupling with a battery; the discharging circuit is used for discharging the battery, wherein the impedance of the discharging circuit is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold.

[0007] In the technical scheme of the present application, the battery is discharged by the discharging circuit, so that the battery is converted from a static state to a micro-discharge running state. The impedance is large, the discharging time is long, the discharging cycle number is reduced, the storage time is prolonged, the service life decay rate of the battery can be reduced, and the service life of the battery can be prolonged.

[0008] In some embodiments, the discharging circuit comprises a discharging switch and a power consumption circuit; the discharging switch is used for controlling the switching state of the power consumption circuit. The present application controls whether the power consumption circuit discharges the battery through the discharging switch, which has a simple control mode and can improve the control efficiency and the discharging efficiency.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery discharging device further comprises a discharging controller, the discharging switch is a controllable switch, a control end of the controllable switch is connected with the discharging controller, a first end of the controllable switch is a positive coupling end, a second end of the controllable switch is connected with the first end of the power consumption circuit, a second end of the power consumption circuit is a negative coupling end, and the controllable switch is used to connect the battery and the power consumption circuit in parallel under the controlled closed condition to discharge the battery through the power consumption circuit. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the power consumption circuit and the battery are connected in parallel by controlling the controllable switch to be closed, the effect of discharging the battery is realized, the circuit structure is simple, the control mode is easy to realize, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the implementation cost is low.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power consumption circuit comprises a power consumption resistor, a first end of the power consumption resistor is connected with the second end of the controllable switch, and a second end of the power consumption resistor is the negative coupling end. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the effect of discharging the battery is realized through the power consumption resistor, the circuit structure is simple, the implementation cost is low, and the resistor is a commonly used element of the circuit and is easy to reuse.

[0011] In some embodiments, a resistance value range of the power consumption resistor is negatively correlated with at least one of a nominal capacity, a maximum discharging rate and a minimum discharging rate of the battery, and / or the resistance value range of the power consumption resistor is positively correlated with a voltage of the battery. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the resistance value range of the power consumption resistor is determined, which provides a basis for selecting the power consumption resistor, so that the selected power consumption resistor neither introduces storage time to shorten the service life of the battery nor causes excessive power consumption to cause over-discharge of the battery or insufficient remaining power and the like.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power consumption resistor is a variable resistor. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the resistance value of the power consumption resistor is adjustable, the discharging rate can be adjusted, and the discharging process of the power consumption resistor is more suitable for the battery.

[0013] In some embodiments, the controllable switch and the power consumption resistor are two or more than two, and at least two power consumption resistors are controlled by different controllable switches to switch states. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the discharging circuit of different topologies is realized by the extended setting of the controllable switch and the power consumption resistor, and the discharging rate can be accurately adjusted.

[0014] In some embodiments, the controllable switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and the power consumption resistor is provided with a plurality of power consumption resistors. The single-pole multi-throw switch is used to connect a target battery in a plurality of batteries and a target resistor in a plurality of power consumption resistors in parallel under control to discharge the target battery through the target resistor. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the discharging circuit of different topographies is realized by the single-pole multi-throw switch and the plurality of power consumption resistors, and the discharging rate can be accurately adjusted.

[0015] In some embodiments, the discharge controller is further configured to control the controllable switch to be turned off to stop discharging the battery according to the state of charge of the battery. In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the discharge controller controls the controllable switch to be turned off to stop discharging the battery according to the state of charge of the battery, so that the problem of over-discharge or insufficient remaining power of the battery can be reduced.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an energy storage device, which comprises a battery and a battery discharge device connected to each other; the battery discharge device is configured to discharge the battery; wherein the unit time power consumption of the discharge device is lower than a preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

[0017] In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the energy storage device discharges the battery through the battery discharge device, so that the battery not in operation in the energy storage device can be converted from a static state to an operating state, thereby reducing the life attenuation rate of the battery and prolonging the service life of the battery and the energy storage device.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery is an alkali metal battery. In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the alkali metal battery prepared by a special process can operate at a relatively high ambient temperature, thereby reducing the cooling power of the energy storage device and further reducing the loss of the energy storage device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the formation temperature of the battery is not less than 25 DEG C. In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the battery can operate at a relatively high ambient temperature through a special formation process, thereby reducing the cooling power of the energy storage device and further reducing the loss of the energy storage device.

[0020] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises an energy storage controller and a signal acquisition component; the energy storage controller is connected to the battery discharge device and the signal acquisition component respectively; the signal acquisition component is configured to acquire signals of the battery to obtain battery data; and the energy storage controller is configured to control the battery discharge device to discharge the battery according to the battery data. In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the energy storage controller can control the switching state of the battery cluster, so as to determine whether the battery needs to be discharged, and the energy storage controller can control the battery discharge device to discharge the battery, so as to convert the battery cut out from the energy transmission main line from a static state to an operating state, thereby reducing the life attenuation rate of the battery, prolonging the service life of the battery and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a battery discharge method, which comprises: in response to a discharge trigger signal, discharging a battery of an energy storage device; the unit time power consumption of the discharge device is lower than a first preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

[0022] In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the target battery cluster is in a static state after cutting out the energy transmission main line, in this case, the target battery cluster is discharged by the battery discharge device, and the target battery cluster is converted from the static state to the running state, so that the life attenuation speed of the battery in the target battery cluster is reduced, and the life of the battery and the service life of the energy storage device are prolonged.

[0023] In some embodiments, in response to the trigger signal, the battery of the energy storage device is discharged, including: in response to the discharge control signal sent by the energy storage controller of the energy storage device, the controllable switch of the battery discharge device is closed, and the battery is discharged by the power consumption circuit of the battery discharge device. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the controllable switch is closed to achieve the effect of discharging the target battery, and the control mode is easy to implement, which not only prolongs the service life of the energy storage device, but also has low implementation cost.

[0024] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: in response to the equalization trigger signal, the target battery cluster in the energy storage device is equalized, and the equalization trigger signal is obtained according to the cluster state of charge of each battery cluster in the energy storage device. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the battery cluster is equalized, which can reduce the state of charge difference between the battery clusters, improve the consistency of the state of charge, reduce the risk of current imbalance between the battery clusters, and improve the safety and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: in response to the stop signal; the stop signal is obtained after it is determined that the state of charge difference between the plurality of battery clusters is less than the preset charge threshold. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, when the cluster state of charge consistency between the battery clusters is good, the equalization is stopped, and the energy storage device maintains a high power to support the external power grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the alternative embodiments. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a description of the alternative embodiments and are not meant to limit the present application. Moreover, the same reference numerals in the various drawings indicate the same or similar elements. In the drawings:

[0027] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switching assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Explanation of reference signs:

[0041] Battery discharge device 10 Discharge circuit 11 Battery B Discharge switch 111 Power consumption circuit 112

[0042] Controllable switch Kf Power consumption resistor Rf Energy transmission main circuit 20 Switching assembly 30 Inverter PCS

[0043] Transformer DCDC Power module 31 Bypass switch Kp Battery cluster 40 Switch K1

[0044] Switch K2 Switch K3 Pre-charge resistor Ry Fuse 1 Fuse 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application; the use of the terms "including," "comprising," or "having" and variations thereof herein is intended to be broad and encompass the terms "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of" and variations thereof. Unless otherwise required by context, singular terms shall include pluralities and vice versa. Unless otherwise required by context, the use herein of the singular is also to be construed as a use of the plural and vice versa.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0048] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily independent or alternative embodiments to each other. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are a "or" relationship.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or it can be electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] With the development of new energy technology, batteries have become very important energy storage devices. At present, batteries are usually stored in warehouses or transported between production and use. Some types of batteries will have a significantly shortened service life after long-term storage.

[0053] In some scenarios, energy storage devices composed of normal-temperature system battery cells usually require a large-power cooling system to ensure that the normal-temperature system battery cells can work at normal temperature, so the energy storage device has a large loss and a low cycle efficiency. To solve this problem, an energy storage device composed of high-temperature system battery cells is used. Since the high-temperature system battery cells can withstand high temperatures, the cooling system does not need to output a large power to cool the battery cells, so the power of the cooling system can be reduced, thereby reducing the loss of the energy storage device. However, the storage life of the high-temperature system battery cells is generally lower than that of the normal-temperature system battery cells, which reduces the service life of the energy storage device.

[0054] Based on this background, the applicant found through long-term model simulation research and development, collection, demonstration and verification of experimental data that the service life of a battery includes a storage life and a running life, and the service life of some types of batteries in a storage state decays faster than the service life of the batteries in a running state. Based on the above finding, if the high-temperature system battery cells are in a storage state, the service life decay rate of the high-temperature system battery cells can be reduced by converting the high-temperature system battery cells to a running state, thereby prolonging the service life of the high-temperature system battery cells and further prolonging the service life of the energy storage device composed of the high-temperature system battery cells.

[0055] Based on the above idea, the battery discharging device provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a discharging circuit, the discharging circuit includes a positive coupling end and a negative coupling end; the positive coupling end and the negative coupling end are used for coupling with a battery; and the discharging circuit is used for discharging the battery. The impedance of the discharging circuit is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold. In the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the battery is discharged by the discharging circuit, so that the battery is converted from a storage state to a running state of micro-discharge. The impedance is large, the discharging time is long, the discharging cycle number is reduced, the storage time is prolonged, the service life decay rate of the battery can be reduced, and the service life of the battery cell can be prolonged.

[0056] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 1, a battery discharging device is provided. The battery discharging device 10 includes a discharging circuit 11, the discharging circuit 11 includes a positive coupling end and a negative coupling end; the positive coupling end and the negative coupling end are used for coupling with a battery B; and the discharging circuit 11 is used for discharging the battery B. The impedance of the discharging circuit 11 is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery discharging device 10 comprises a discharging circuit 11, a positive coupling end of the discharging circuit 11 is coupled with a positive electrode of the battery B, and a negative coupling end of the discharging circuit 11 is coupled with a negative electrode of the battery B. The battery B can be a battery that is statically placed in a warehouse or a battery in an energy storage device.

[0058] Since the life attenuation speed of the battery B in the static state is faster than that in the running state, it is necessary to discharge the battery B in the static state.

[0059] In some embodiments, the battery discharging device 10 can further comprise a triggering device, a user inputs a triggering operation for the triggering device, the battery discharging device 10 obtains a triggering signal according to the triggering operation, and the discharging circuit 11 discharges the battery B in response to the triggering signal.

[0060] In other embodiments, the battery discharging device 10 can further comprise a control chip, the control chip detects the state of the battery B and sends a triggering signal to the discharging circuit 11 according to the detection result, and the discharging circuit 11 discharges the battery B in response to the triggering signal.

[0061] It should be noted that the triggering mode of the discharging process is not limited to the above examples and can be set according to actual conditions.

[0062] The impedance of the discharging circuit 11 is within a preset impedance range, and in some embodiments, the impedance of the discharging circuit 11 is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold. The first preset impedance threshold is the minimum value of the equivalent impedance of the discharging circuit 11, and the second preset impedance threshold is the maximum value of the equivalent impedance of the discharging circuit 11. In the case of a fixed battery voltage, the first preset impedance threshold limits the maximum discharging current of the discharging circuit 11 and the maximum discharging amount per unit time of the discharging circuit 11, which can avoid the problems of over-discharge of the battery or insufficient remaining battery capacity caused by excessive discharging amount. Similarly, the second preset impedance threshold limits the minimum discharging current of the discharging circuit 11 and the minimum discharging amount per unit time of the discharging circuit 11. Understandably, if the discharging amount per unit time of the discharging circuit is too small, the battery cannot be converted from the static state to the running state, and the effect of discharging the battery and prolonging the life of the battery cannot be achieved.

[0063] Therefore, by setting the first preset impedance threshold and the second preset impedance threshold, the size of the discharging current can be controlled to avoid the discharging current being too small to achieve the preset discharging effect, and the discharging amount can be controlled to avoid excessive discharging amount causing over-discharge of the battery or insufficient remaining battery capacity.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the battery discharging apparatus includes a discharging circuit, the discharging circuit includes a positive coupling end and a negative coupling end, the positive coupling end and the negative coupling end are used for coupling with the battery, and the discharging circuit is used for discharging the battery. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the battery is discharged by the discharging circuit, so that the battery is converted from the static state to the running state, the life attenuation speed of the battery can be reduced, and the life of the battery is prolonged.

[0065] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2, the discharging circuit 11 includes a discharging switch 111 and a power consumption circuit 112, and the discharging switch 111 is used for controlling the switching state of the power consumption circuit 112.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the discharging circuit 11 includes the discharging switch 111 and the power consumption circuit 112. In some embodiments, the discharging switch 111 is connected with a trigger device, a user inputs a trigger operation to the trigger device, the trigger operation can control the discharging switch 111 to be closed or opened, and in some embodiments, the discharging switch 111 can be connected with a logic circuit, and the discharging switch is automatically closed or opened when other target switches are triggered or it is detected that the current / voltage meets a predetermined range. After the discharging switch 111 is closed, the power consumption circuit 112 is converted to the input state, that is, the power consumption circuit 112 forms a discharging loop with the battery B, and the battery B is discharged by the power consumption circuit 112. After the discharging switch 111 is opened, the power consumption circuit 112 is converted to the cut-out state, that is, the connection between the power consumption circuit 112 and the battery B is disconnected.

[0067] In another embodiment, the battery discharging apparatus 10 can further include a state detection circuit, the state detection circuit is implemented by an analog circuit, and is used for detecting the state of the battery. The discharging switch 111 is connected with the state detection circuit, and the state detection circuit controls the discharging switch 111 to be closed or opened according to the detected state of the battery, so that the discharging switch 111 controls the switching state of the power consumption circuit 112.

[0068] In the above embodiment, the discharging circuit includes a discharging switch and a power consumption circuit, and the discharging switch is used for controlling the switching state of the power consumption circuit. In the embodiment of the present application, whether the power consumption circuit discharges the battery is controlled by the discharging switch, the control mode is simple, and the control efficiency and the discharging efficiency can be improved.

[0069] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3, the battery discharging device 10 further comprises a discharging controller, and the discharging switch 111 is a controllable switch Kf; a control end of the controllable switch Kf is connected with the discharging controller; a first end of the controllable switch Kf is a positive coupling end; a second end of the controllable switch Kf is connected with a first end of the power consumption circuit 112; a second end of the power consumption circuit 112 is a negative coupling end; and the controllable switch Kf is used to connect the battery B and the power consumption circuit 112 in parallel under the condition of being controlled to be closed, so as to discharge the battery B through the power consumption circuit 112. It should be noted that the discharging controller and its connection relationship are not shown in the figure.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present application, the discharging circuit 11 comprises the controllable switch Kf and the power consumption circuit 112. The controllable switch Kf and the power consumption circuit 112 are connected in series to form a series branch, and the series branch is arranged in parallel with the battery B.

[0071] When the battery B needs to be discharged, the discharging controller sends a first control signal to the controllable switch Kf. The controllable switch Kf is closed according to the first control signal, and the power consumption circuit 112 is connected in parallel with the battery B. The power consumption circuit 112 and the battery B form a discharging loop, that is, the battery B is discharged through the power consumption circuit 112. In this way, the battery B is converted from a static state to a running state, and the life attenuation speed of the running state is slower than that of the static state, so that the life of the battery can be prolonged.

[0072] When the battery B does not need to be discharged, the discharging controller sends a second control signal to the controllable switch Kf. The controllable switch Kf is opened according to the second control signal, and the power consumption circuit 112 is disconnected from the battery, so that the discharging process of the battery is stopped.

[0073] In the above embodiments, the battery discharging device further comprises a discharging controller, and the discharging switch is a controllable switch; the controllable switch is used to connect the battery and the power consumption circuit in parallel under the condition of being controlled to be closed, so as to discharge the battery through the power consumption circuit. In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the power consumption circuit and the battery can be connected in parallel by controlling the controllable switch to be closed, so that the effect of discharging the battery is achieved. The circuit structure is simple, the control mode is easy to implement, the life of the battery can be prolonged, and the implementation cost is low.

[0074] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 4, the power consumption circuit 112 comprises a power consumption resistor Rf, a first end of the power consumption resistor Rf is connected with a second end of the controllable switch Kf, and a second end of the power consumption resistor Rf is a negative coupling end.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present application, the power consumption circuit 112 can comprise a power consumption resistor Rf, a first end of the power consumption resistor Rf is connected to the controllable switch Kf, and a second end of the power consumption resistor Rf is connected to the negative electrode of the battery B.

[0076] When the battery needs to be discharged, the discharge controller sends a first control signal to the controllable switch Kf. The controllable switch Kf is closed according to the first control signal, and the power consumption resistor Rf is connected in parallel with the battery B. The power consumption resistor Rf and the battery B form a discharge circuit, and the battery B is discharged through the power consumption resistor Rf.

[0077] When the battery does not need to be discharged, the discharge controller sends a second control signal to the controllable switch Kf. The controllable switch Kf is opened according to the second control signal, and the power consumption resistor Rf is disconnected from the battery B, and the discharge process of the battery is stopped.

[0078] In the above embodiment, the power consumption circuit includes a power consumption resistor, and the effect of discharging the battery can be achieved through the power consumption resistor. The circuit structure is simple, the implementation cost is low, and the resistor is a commonly used component of the circuit and is easy to reuse.

[0079] According to some embodiments of the present application, the resistance range of the power consumption resistor Rf is negatively related to at least one of the nominal capacity, the maximum discharge rate, and the minimum discharge rate of the battery B, and / or the resistance range of the power consumption resistor Rf is positively related to the voltage of the battery B.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present application, when discharging through the power consumption resistor Rf, if the discharge rate is less than 0.1P, the storage time may be introduced, which has a negative impact on the life of the battery B, resulting in a shortened life of the battery B. Therefore, the minimum discharge rate can be set to 0.1P, and the maximum value of the power consumption resistor Rf can be determined according to the nominal capacity and the minimum discharge rate of the battery B, as shown in formula (1):

[0081] Rmax=U / (n*0.1*a)--------------------------(1)

[0082] Wherein, Rmax is the maximum value of the power consumption resistor Rf; U is the voltage applied to the power consumption resistor Rf; n is the number of batteries or battery clusters connected in parallel with the power consumption resistor Rf, for example, if the energy storage device includes 7 battery clusters, n is 7; a is the nominal capacity of the battery B. n*0.1*a can obtain the minimum discharge current of the n battery clusters connected in parallel.

[0083] When the battery B discharges through the power consumption resistor Rf, the discharge rate cannot be too large, otherwise the power consumption will be caused, and problems such as over-discharge of the battery or insufficient power will be caused. Therefore, the maximum discharge rate can be set according to the situation, and the minimum value of the power consumption resistor Rf can be determined according to the nominal capacity and the maximum discharge rate of the battery B, as shown in formula (2):

[0084] Rmin=U / (n*x*a)--------------------------(2)

[0085] wherein Rmin is the minimum value of the power consumption resistance Rf; U is the voltage applied to the power consumption resistance Rf; n is the number of batteries or the number of battery clusters connected in parallel with the power consumption resistance; x is the maximum discharge rate, and a is the nominal capacity of the battery. n*x*a can obtain the maximum discharge current of the n battery clusters connected in parallel.

[0086] According to the maximum and minimum values of the power consumption resistance Rf, the resistance range of the power consumption resistance Rf can be determined, and when the power consumption circuit 112 is constructed, the device selection can be performed according to the resistance range of the power consumption resistance Rf.

[0087] It can be known from the formulas (1) and (2) that the resistance range of the power consumption resistance Rf is negatively related to at least one of the nominal capacity of the battery, the maximum discharge rate, and the minimum discharge rate, and / or the resistance range of the power consumption resistance Rf is positively related to the voltage of the battery.

[0088] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the application, the resistance range of the power consumption resistance is determined, which provides a basis for selecting the power consumption resistance, so that the selected power consumption resistance neither introduces storage time to shorten the service life of the battery, nor causes excessive power consumption to cause over-discharge of the battery or insufficient remaining power and the like.

[0089] In some embodiments, the power consumption resistance Rf is a variable resistance.

[0090] In the embodiment of the application, the power consumption resistance Rf is a variable resistance, that is, the resistance value can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range according to actual needs, and by adjusting the resistance value of the power consumption resistance Rf, the discharge current, the discharge voltage, the discharge power and the like can be adjusted, so as to accurately adjust the discharge rate.

[0091] In some embodiments, the variable resistance can adopt a variety of types such as a potentiometer, a rotary resistance, a linear resistance, a pressure-sensitive variable resistance, a light-sensitive variable resistance and the like.

[0092] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the application, the resistance value of the power consumption resistance is adjustable, and the discharge rate can be adjusted, so that the discharge processing of the power consumption resistance is more suitable for the battery.

[0093] In some embodiments, the controllable switch and the power consumption resistance are two or more than two, and at least two power consumption resistances are controlled by different controllable switches to switch states.

[0094] Referring to FIG. 5, taking an example that the discharge circuit 11 includes two controllable switches Kf1, Kf2 and two power consumption resistors Rf1, Rf2, the controllable switch Kf1 is connected with the power consumption resistor Rf1 in correspondence, the controllable switch Kf2 is connected with the power consumption resistor Rf2 in correspondence, and the discharge controller is connected with the control terminals of the two controllable switches Kf1, Kf2 respectively. It needs to be noted that the discharge controller and its connection relationship are not shown in the figure.

[0095] The discharge controller can control at least one controllable switch to be closed according to actual conditions, connect the power consumption resistor corresponding to the closed controllable switch with the battery B in parallel to form a discharge circuit, and thus discharge the battery B. For example, the discharge controller controls the controllable switch Kf1 to be closed, connects the power consumption resistor Rf1 with the battery B in parallel, or the discharge controller controls the controllable switch Kf2 to be closed, connects the power consumption resistor Rf2 with the battery B in parallel, or controls the controllable switch Kf1 and the controllable switch Kf2 to be closed, connects the power consumption resistor Rf1 and the power consumption resistor Rf2 with the battery B in parallel.

[0096] It can be understood that the resistance values of the two power consumption resistors are different, different discharge circuits are formed by different power consumption resistors and the battery, the sizes of the discharge currents in the different discharge circuits are different, and the discharge rates are also different.

[0097] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the controllable switch and the power consumption resistor are extended and set, different topological structures of the discharge circuit are realized, and the discharge rate can be accurately adjusted.

[0098] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 6, the controllable switch Kf is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and the power consumption resistor Rf is provided with a plurality of power consumption resistors; the single-pole multi-throw switch is used to connect the battery B with a target resistor in the plurality of power consumption resistors in parallel under control, so as to discharge the battery B through the target resistor.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present application, the controllable switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch, the moving terminal of the single-pole multi-throw switch is used as the positive coupling terminal of the discharge circuit 11, and the plurality of stationary terminals of the single-pole multi-throw switch are connected with the first terminals of the plurality of power consumption resistors respectively; the second terminals of the plurality of power consumption resistors are all used as the negative coupling terminals of the discharge circuit 11. In this way, the positive coupling terminal of the discharge circuit 11 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery B, and the plurality of negative coupling terminals of the discharge circuit 11 are connected with the negative electrode of the battery B.

[0100] The single-pole multi-throw switch can be connected with the discharge controller, the discharge controller controls the position of the moving terminal of the single-pole multi-throw switch, so that the moving terminal is connected with different stationary terminals, and the power consumption resistor corresponding to the stationary terminal connected with the moving terminal is the target resistor. In this way, the battery is connected with the target resistor in parallel to form a discharge circuit, and the battery is discharged through the target resistor.

[0101] The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application realizes the discharging circuit with different topological structures by the single-pole multi-throw switch and the plurality of power consumption resistors, and the discharging rate can be accurately adjusted.

[0102] In some embodiments, the discharging controller is further configured to control the controllable switch to be turned off to stop discharging the battery B according to the state of charge of the battery B.

[0103] The state of charge (SOC) refers to the ratio of the remaining dischargeable electric quantity to the electric quantity of the fully charged battery after the battery is used for a period of time or is left for a long time, and is usually expressed in percentage.

[0104] In the embodiment of the application, the discharging controller can detect the state of charge of the battery B, and control the controllable switch Rf to be turned off to stop discharging the battery B when the state of charge of the battery B meets a preset condition. The preset condition can include at least one of the state of charge of the battery being lower than a preset state threshold and the change amount of the state of charge of the battery being greater than a preset change amount threshold.

[0105] It should be noted that the preset condition is not limited to the above examples, and can be set according to actual conditions.

[0106] In the above embodiment, the discharging controller controls the controllable switch to be turned off to stop discharging the battery according to the state of charge of the battery, which can reduce the problem of over-discharge or insufficient remaining electric quantity of the battery.

[0107] According to some embodiments of the application, a power storage device is provided. The power storage device includes a battery B and a battery discharging device 10 connected to each other; and the battery discharging device 10 is configured to discharge the battery. The unit time power consumption of the battery discharging device 10 is lower than a preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

[0108] In the embodiment of the application, referring to FIG. 1, the power storage device includes a battery B and a battery discharging device 10 connected to each other; the structure of the battery discharging device 10 can refer to the above embodiment. The battery can be a battery left in a warehouse or a battery in the power storage device. When the battery needs to be discharged, the battery discharging device 10 is connected in parallel with the battery to form a discharging loop, and the battery is discharged by the battery discharging device 10.

[0109] In the discharging process, the unit time power consumption of the battery discharging device 10 is lower than the preset power threshold, so that the battery is not discharged too fast, and the problems of over-discharge or insufficient remaining electric quantity of the battery are avoided. However, the unit time power consumption of the battery discharging device 10 also needs to be higher than the self-discharge threshold, otherwise, the battery discharging device 10 cannot play a role in discharging, and the effect of converting the battery from the static state to the running state is not achieved.

[0110] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is applied to an energy storage power station or electrical equipment. Referring to FIG7, the energy storage device includes a main power transmission line 20, a switching component 30, a battery B, and a battery discharge device 10. The battery B is coupled to the main power transmission line 20 through the switching component 30 to form a power transmission path; the battery B is coupled to the battery discharge device 10 to form a discharge circuit.

[0111] The main transmission line of the energy storage device can be connected to the external power grid, electrical devices, charging equipment, etc. After battery B is coupled to the main transmission line 20 through the switching component 30, a power transmission path can be formed, thereby supplying power to the external power grid or electrical devices. The external power grid or charging equipment can also charge battery B through the main transmission line 20, enabling battery B to play the role of energy storage.

[0112] The aforementioned energy storage device may include an energy storage module, such as a container. Referring to Figure 8, the aforementioned main power transmission line 20 may include one or a combination of a busbar, an inverter PCS, and a transformer DC-DC converter, and the aforementioned switching assembly 30 may include one or a combination of a circuit breaker and a disconnector.

[0113] Referring to Figure 9, the energy storage device described above may also include multiple energy storage modules, which may be cascaded together. The switching component 30 described above may be a component that controls the switching state of battery B in an energy storage module, such as one or a combination of power module 31, bypass switch Kp, IGBT, circuit breaker, and disconnector; or it may be a component that controls the switching state of one of the multiple batteries in the energy storage module, such as a relay.

[0114] It should be noted that the switching component is not limited to the example above, and can be used in various ways as shown in Figure 10.

[0115] The aforementioned batteries may include, but are not limited to, battery compartments, battery modules, battery clusters, battery boxes, and battery cells.

[0116] The battery discharge device 10 includes a discharge circuit 11, which includes a discharge switch 111 and a power consumption circuit 112. The discharge switch 111 may include a controllable switch, multiple controllable switches, a single-pole multi-throw switch, etc.

[0117] In the above embodiments, the energy storage device includes interconnected batteries and a battery discharge device; the battery discharge device discharges the batteries. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the energy storage device discharges the batteries through the battery discharge device, which can convert non-operating batteries in the energy storage device from a static state to an operating state, thereby reducing the rate of battery life degradation and extending the battery life and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0118] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery is an alkali metal battery.

[0119] In this embodiment, the alkali metal battery is a type of battery that uses alkali metals and their compounds as the main materials. Alkali metal batteries may include lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries, etc.

[0120] The aforementioned lithium-ion battery mainly consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode material is typically a lithium-containing transition metal oxide, the negative electrode material is generally a carbon material such as graphite, and the electrolyte is an organic solvent containing lithium salts. During charging, lithium ions are released from the positive electrode, pass through the electrolyte, and embed into the negative electrode; during discharging, the reverse occurs: lithium ions are released from the negative electrode, pass through the electrolyte, and return to the positive electrode, while electrons form a current through the external circuit. Lithium-ion batteries have advantages such as high energy density, high voltage, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect, and are widely used in smartphones, laptops, electric vehicles, and other fields, making them one of the most commonly used rechargeable batteries.

[0121] The structure of the aforementioned sodium-ion battery is similar to that of a lithium-ion battery. The positive electrode material is typically a sodium-containing transition metal oxide or a polyanionic compound, while the negative electrode material can be carbon, alloy, or other materials. The electrolyte is an organic solvent containing sodium salts or an aqueous electrolyte. Sodium-ion batteries achieve charging and discharging through the insertion and extraction of sodium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. Due to the abundance and wide distribution of sodium resources, sodium-ion batteries have relatively low costs. Furthermore, they possess good safety and rate performance, making them a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage and a potential supplementary or replacement technology for lithium-ion batteries.

[0122] The structure of the aforementioned potassium-ion batteries is similar to that of lithium-ion batteries. The positive electrode material can be a Prussian blue analogue, while the negative electrode material can be graphite, hard carbon, etc. The electrolyte is generally a potassium-containing organic solvent. Charge transfer and energy storage are also achieved through the migration of potassium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. Potassium-ion batteries possess high theoretical specific capacity and low redox potential, and also have advantages in resource abundance, making them one of the research hotspots in the future energy storage battery field. They are expected to be applied in large-scale energy storage, smart grids, and other fields.

[0123] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the alkali metal battery prepared by a special process can operate at a higher ambient temperature, thereby reducing the cooling power of the energy storage device and thus reducing the loss of the energy storage device.

[0124] According to some embodiments of this application, the formation temperature of the battery is not less than 25°C.

[0125] In this embodiment, the formation temperature refers to the temperature of the environment in which the battery is located during the battery formation process. Formation is the process by which electrode materials and electrolytes are deeply bonded together to form a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film, and the formation temperature has a significant impact on this process.

[0126] Different battery types have different formation temperatures. For example, lithium-ion batteries have a formation temperature between 25℃ and 45℃, while sodium-ion batteries have a formation temperature between 25℃ and 55℃. High-temperature formation can reduce the SEI film impedance, thereby improving the battery's energy density and fast charge / discharge performance.

[0127] In the above embodiments, a special formation process can enable the battery to operate at a higher ambient temperature, thereby reducing the cooling power of the energy storage device and thus reducing the loss of the energy storage device.

[0128] According to some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device further includes an energy storage controller and a signal acquisition component; the energy storage controller is connected to the battery discharge device 10 and the signal acquisition component respectively; the signal acquisition component is used to acquire signals from the battery to obtain battery data; the energy storage controller is used to control the battery discharge device 10 to discharge the battery according to the battery data.

[0129] Referring to Figure 11, the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters 40, a battery discharge device 10, and an energy storage controller. The multiple battery clusters 40 are connected in parallel and configured in parallel with the battery discharge device 10. The energy storage controller is connected to each battery cluster 40 and each battery discharge device 10. The energy storage controller sends a discharge trigger signal to the battery discharge device 10 after the target battery cluster 40 disconnects from the main power transmission line. In response to the discharge trigger signal, the battery discharge device 10 discharges the target battery cluster 40. It should be noted that the energy storage controller and its connection relationship are not shown in the figure.

[0130] Referring to Figure 12, battery B, along with switches, fuses, and other components, forms an electrical box. Multiple electrical boxes are connected in series to form cell branches, which are then connected in parallel to the main control box. The energy storage controller can control the main control box to connect or disconnect battery cluster 40 from the main power transmission line. It should be noted that the energy storage controller and its connections are not shown in the figure.

[0131] The main control box includes switches Qs, K1, K2, and K3, a pre-charge resistor Ry, fuses Fuse1 and Fuse2, and a current sensor. The energy storage controller can connect to each switch, sending control signals to control their opening and closing. The energy storage controller can also connect to the current sensor to obtain the cluster current of the battery cluster 40. The current sensor is a signal acquisition component.

[0132] When battery cluster 40 is connected to the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller can first close switches K1 and K3 to precharge battery cluster 40. Pre-charging resistor Ry and fuses Fuse1 and Fuse2 protect battery cluster 40 during the pre-charging process. Afterward, the energy storage controller controls K1 to open and controls switch K2 to close. When battery cluster 40 is disconnected from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller can control switches K1, K2, and K3 to all open.

[0133] It should be noted that the target battery cluster for cutting out the main power transmission line can be one battery cluster 40 or multiple battery clusters 40. The number of target battery clusters is not limited in this application embodiment and can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0134] In the above embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an energy storage controller and a signal acquisition component. The signal acquisition component acquires signals from the battery to obtain battery data. The energy storage controller controls the battery discharge device to discharge the battery based on the battery data. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the energy storage controller can control the switching state of the battery cluster to determine whether the battery needs to be discharged. Furthermore, the energy storage controller can control the battery discharge device to discharge the battery, thereby changing the battery disconnected from the main power transmission line from a static state to an operating state, thereby reducing the battery's lifespan degradation rate and extending the battery's lifespan and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0135] According to some embodiments of this application, a battery discharge method is provided. Taking the application of this method to the battery discharge device in the above embodiments as an example, the method may include the following steps: discharging the battery of the energy storage device in response to a discharge trigger signal.

[0136] The discharge device consumes less than a first preset power threshold per unit time, but more than a self-discharge threshold. The energy storage device includes a battery and an energy storage controller. Batteries can be configured into multiple energy storage sub-modules, and these sub-modules can form multiple battery clusters.

[0137] The energy storage controller can control each battery cluster to connect to or disconnect from the main power transmission line according to actual conditions. When connected to the main power transmission line, the battery cluster can supply power to the external power grid through the main power transmission line, or the external power grid can charge the battery cluster through the main power transmission line. When disconnected from the main power transmission line, the battery cluster enters a static state.

[0138] When a target battery cluster among multiple battery clusters disconnects from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller sends a discharge trigger signal to the battery discharge device. In response to this signal, the battery discharge device connects in parallel with the target battery cluster and discharges it.

[0139] For example, when battery cluster 1 in a group of multiple battery clusters disconnects from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller sends a discharge trigger signal to the battery discharge device, and the battery discharge device discharges battery cluster 1 according to the discharge trigger signal; when battery clusters 1 and 2 in a group of multiple battery clusters disconnect from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller sends a discharge trigger signal to the battery discharge device, and the battery discharge device discharges battery clusters 1 and 2 according to the discharge trigger signal.

[0140] During the discharge process by the battery discharge device, the target battery cluster transitions from a static state to an operational state.

[0141] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device discharges the batteries of the energy storage device in response to a discharge trigger signal. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, after the target battery cluster is disconnected from the main power transmission line, it enters a static state. In this case, by discharging the target battery cluster through the battery discharge device, the target battery cluster is transformed from a static state to an operating state, which can reduce the rate of battery life degradation in the target battery cluster, thereby extending the battery life and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0142] According to some embodiments of this application, the above embodiment of "discharging the battery of the energy storage device in response to a trigger signal" may include: controlling the controllable switch of the battery discharge device to close in response to a discharge control signal sent by the energy storage controller of the energy storage device, and discharging the battery through the power consumption circuit of the battery discharge device.

[0143] The battery discharge device includes a discharge circuit, which comprises a controllable switch and a power consumption circuit. When the target battery cluster in a multi-cell battery cluster disconnects from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller sends a first control signal to the controllable switch. The controllable switch closes according to the first control signal, connecting the power consumption circuit in parallel with the target battery cluster. The power consumption circuit and the target battery cluster form a discharge loop, and the batteries in the target battery cluster are discharged through the power consumption circuit.

[0144] When the target battery cluster needs to be connected to the main power transmission line or when discharging needs to be stopped, the energy storage controller sends a second control signal to the controllable switch. The controllable switch disconnects according to the second control signal, breaking the connection between the power-consuming circuit and the target battery cluster, thus stopping the discharge process on the batteries in the target battery cluster.

[0145] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device responds to the discharge control signal sent by the energy storage controller of the energy storage device, controls the controllable switch of the battery discharge device to close, and discharges the battery through the power consumption circuit of the battery discharge device. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the effect of discharging the target battery cluster can be achieved by controlling the closing of the controllable switch. The control method is easy to implement, which not only helps to extend the service life of the energy storage device, but also has a low implementation cost.

[0146] According to some embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application may further include the following steps: in response to an equalization trigger signal, equalization processing is performed on the target battery cluster in the energy storage device, wherein the equalization trigger signal is obtained after determining the target battery cluster to be equalized based on the cluster charge state of each battery cluster in the energy storage device.

[0147] In this embodiment, the energy storage controller determines the minimum cell voltage of multiple battery clusters that are disconnected from the main power transmission line. If the difference between the minimum cell voltages of multiple battery clusters is small, it indicates that there will be no current imbalance problem among the multiple battery clusters, and no balancing process is required. If the difference between the minimum cell voltages of multiple battery clusters is large, it indicates that there is a high risk of current imbalance among the multiple battery clusters, and balancing process is required.

[0148] When balancing is required, the energy storage controller acquires the cluster state of charge (SOC) of each battery cluster and selects the cluster with the highest SOC as the target cluster to be balanced. For example, the cluster with the highest SOC can be selected as the target cluster, or the two clusters with the highest and second-highest SOCs can be selected as the target clusters to be balanced. It should be noted that the number of target clusters to be balanced can be determined based on the actual situation.

[0149] After identifying the target battery cluster to be equalized, the energy storage controller sends an equalization trigger signal to the battery discharge device. The battery discharge device responds to the equalization trigger signal and performs equalization processing on the target battery cluster.

[0150] In some embodiments, there are multiple battery discharge devices, with one battery discharge device connected in parallel for each battery cluster. After determining the target battery cluster to be balanced, the energy storage controller sends a balancing trigger signal to the battery discharge device corresponding to the target battery cluster, causing the battery discharge device corresponding to the target battery cluster to perform balancing processing on the target battery cluster.

[0151] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device responds to the equalization trigger signal to perform equalization processing on the target battery clusters in the energy storage device. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, equalization processing of the battery clusters can reduce the difference in state of charge between battery clusters, improve the consistency of the state of charge, reduce the risk of current imbalance between battery clusters, and improve the safety and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0152] According to some embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application may further include the following steps: stopping the equalization process in response to a stop signal; the stop signal is obtained after determining that the difference in state of charge among multiple battery clusters is less than a preset charge threshold.

[0153] During the equalization process of the target battery clusters to be equalized, the energy storage controller acquires the cluster state of charge of each target battery cluster, calculates the difference between the cluster state of charge of every two target battery clusters, and obtains multiple state of charge differences.

[0154] For example, the state of charge (SOC) of battery cluster 1 is SOC1, the state of charge of battery cluster 2 is SOC2, and so on, with the state of charge of battery cluster n being SOCn. The difference in SOC between battery cluster 1 and battery cluster 2 is calculated, as is the difference in SOC between battery cluster 1 and battery cluster 3. This difference in SOC can be expressed as ΔSOCij, where i and j are the cluster identifiers of the two target battery clusters.

[0155] If the difference in state of charge between the various battery clusters is less than the preset charge threshold, it indicates that the charge states of the multiple battery clusters are relatively consistent. The energy storage controller then sends a stop signal to the battery discharge device. In response to the stop signal, the battery discharge device stops performing the equalization process.

[0156] In some embodiments, the preset charge threshold can be 5%.

[0157] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device stops the equalization process in response to the stop signal. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the cluster charge state consistency among the battery clusters is good, the equalization process is stopped, so that the energy storage device maintains a high charge level to support the power supply to the external power grid.

[0158] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart above are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart above may include multiple steps or stages, which are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0159] According to some embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided. This electronic device can be a discharge controller for a discharge device or an energy storage controller for an energy storage device, and its internal structure is shown in Figure 13. The electronic device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of this electronic device provides computing and control capabilities. The memory of this electronic device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of this electronic device is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of this electronic device is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals. Wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies.

[0160] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 13 is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device to which the present application is applied. The specific electronic device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or may combine certain components, or may have different component arrangements.

[0161] According to some embodiments of this application, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory including instructions that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device to perform the above-described method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.

[0162] According to some embodiments of this application, a computer program product is also provided, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the above-described methods. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, some or all of the above-described methods can be implemented, wholly or partially, according to the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application.

[0163] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0164] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0165] The embodiments described above merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application to facilitate a detailed understanding of the technical solutions of this application, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. It should be understood that technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions provided in this application through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation are all within the scope of protection of the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be determined by the content of the appended claims, and the specification and drawings can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery discharge device, wherein, The battery discharge device includes a discharge circuit, which includes a positive coupling terminal and a negative coupling terminal. The positive coupling terminal and the negative coupling terminal are used for coupling with the battery; The discharge circuit is used to discharge the battery, wherein the impedance of the discharge circuit is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold.

2. The battery discharge device according to claim 1, wherein, The discharge circuit includes a discharge switch and a power consumption circuit. The discharge switch is used to control the switching state of the power consumption circuit.

3. The battery discharge device according to claim 2, wherein, The battery discharge device further includes a discharge controller, and the discharge switch is a controllable switch; the control terminal of the controllable switch is connected to the discharge controller, the first terminal of the controllable switch is the positive coupling terminal, and the second terminal of the controllable switch is connected to the first terminal of the power consumption circuit; the second terminal of the power consumption circuit is the negative coupling terminal. The controllable switch is used to connect the battery and the power-consuming circuit in parallel when the switch is closed in a controlled manner, so as to discharge the battery through the power-consuming circuit.

4. The battery discharge device according to claim 3, wherein, The power-consuming circuit includes a power-consuming resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the controllable switch, and the second end of which is the negative coupling terminal.

5. The battery discharge device according to claim 4, wherein, The resistance range of the power-consuming resistor is negatively correlated with at least one of the nominal capacity, maximum discharge rate, and minimum discharge rate of the battery, and / or the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor is positively correlated with the voltage of the battery.

6. The battery discharge device according to claim 4, wherein, The power-consuming resistor is a variable resistor.

7. The battery discharge device according to claim 4, wherein, There are two or more controllable switches and power-consuming resistors, and at least two of the power-consuming resistors are controlled by different controllable switches to switch on / off states.

8. The battery discharge device according to claim 4, wherein, The controllable switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and multiple power-consuming resistors are provided; The single-pole multi-throw switch is used to controllably connect the battery in parallel with a target resistor among a plurality of power-consuming resistors, so as to discharge the battery through the target resistor.

9. The battery discharge device according to claim 8, wherein, The discharge controller is also used to control the controllable switch to open according to the state of charge of the battery, thereby stopping the discharge of the battery.

10. An energy storage device, wherein, The energy storage device includes a battery and a battery discharge device as described in any one of claims 1-9; The battery discharge device is used to discharge the battery; wherein the power consumption of the battery discharge device per unit time is lower than a preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 10, wherein, The battery is an alkali metal battery.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 10, wherein, The formation temperature of the battery is not less than 25°C.

13. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 10-12, wherein, The energy storage device further includes an energy storage controller and a signal acquisition component; the energy storage controller is connected to the battery discharge device and the signal acquisition component respectively; The signal acquisition component is used to acquire signals from the battery and obtain battery data; The energy storage controller is used to control the battery discharge device to discharge the battery based on the battery data.

14. A battery discharge method, wherein, A battery discharge device applied to an energy storage device, the method comprising: In response to a discharge trigger signal, the battery of the energy storage device is discharged, wherein the power consumption per unit time of the discharge device is lower than a first preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The process of discharging the battery of the energy storage device in response to a trigger signal includes: In response to the discharge control signal sent by the energy storage controller of the energy storage device, the controllable switch of the battery discharge device is closed, and the battery is discharged through the power consumption circuit of the battery discharge device.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein, The method further includes: In response to the equalization trigger signal, the target battery cluster in the energy storage device is equalized. The equalization trigger signal is obtained after determining the target battery cluster to be equalized based on the cluster charge state of each battery cluster in the energy storage device.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The method further includes: The equalization process is stopped in response to a stop signal; the stop signal is obtained after determining that the difference in state of charge among the multiple battery clusters is less than a preset charge threshold.

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