Laminated glass and method for manufacturing same, and vehicle

Abstract

Laminated glass (100) and a method for manufacturing same, and a vehicle. The laminated glass (100) comprises a glass body and a first heating layer (40), wherein the glass body comprises an outer glass pane (10), a bonding layer (20) and an inner glass pane (30), which are stacked, and the glass body has a signal-transmitting area (101) through which a signal from a sensor is transmitted. The first heating layer (40) is fixedly arranged on the bonding layer (20); the first heating layer (40) comprises a transparent heating film (41) made of carbon nanotubes, with the orthographic projection of the transparent heating film (41) on the glass body at least covering the signal-transmitting area (101); and the transparent heating film (41) is configured to generate heat when energized. The transparent heating film (41) is made of carbon nanotubes, and has a transparent appearance, such that the influence on the signal transmittance of the sensor can be reduced or even avoided, thereby facilitating the improvement of the operating effect of the sensor.

Description

Laminated glass and its manufacturing methods, vehicles

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411915252.7, filed on December 24, 2024, entitled "Laminated Glass and Method of Manufacturing Thereof, Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application belongs to the field of glass technology, specifically relating to laminated glass and its manufacturing methods, and vehicles. Background Technology

[0003] Intelligent driving and connectivity are the main directions for future vehicle development. Generally, optical sensors are installed on the inside side of the vehicle windows to enable intelligent driving. Furthermore, to achieve defrosting and defogging functions on the windows, visible heating wires such as silver paste, enameled wire, or tungsten wire are typically used to heat the glass, or transparent heating films such as silver-based films, indium tin oxide (ITO), or tin oxide doped with fluoride (FTO) are used. However, these heating wires can obstruct the optical sensors inside the vehicle, and transparent heating films containing metallic materials can reduce the transmittance of the sensor's optical signals, thus affecting the sensor's performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the first aspect of this application provides a laminated glass, the laminated glass comprising:

[0005] The glass body includes an outer glass plate, an adhesive layer, and an inner glass plate stacked together. The adhesive layer bonds the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate together. The glass body has a signal transmission area for the transmission of signals from the sensor.

[0006] A first heating layer is disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. The first heating layer includes a transparent heating film made of carbon nanotube material. Along the thickness direction of the glass body, the orthogonal projection of the transparent heating film on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area, and the transparent heating film is used to generate heat when energized.

[0007] Furthermore, the laminated glass also includes a first busbar, a second busbar, and a shielding layer; the first busbar and the second busbar are disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate; the shielding layer is disposed on the surface of the outer glass plate facing the inner glass plate and / or at least one surface of the inner glass plate in the thickness direction, and at least shields the first busbar and the second busbar;

[0008] The first busbar includes a first extension, and the second busbar includes a second extension. The first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in a preset direction and are electrically connected to the transparent heating film respectively. When the first busbar and the second busbar are connected to the power supply, the transparent heating film generates heat when energized.

[0009] Furthermore, the signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction;

[0010] The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body located outside the signal transmission area, and the first extension and the second extension are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the first direction.

[0011] Wherein, the power supply voltage is low voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length a of the top edge along the second direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction;

[0014] The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body located outside the signal transmission area, and the first extension and the second extension are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction.

[0015] Wherein, the power supply voltage is high voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction;

[0017] The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body adjacent to the top edge and the area of ​​the glass body adjacent to the signal transmission area on opposite sides in the second direction, wherein the first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction.

[0018] Wherein, the distance c1 between the first end of the first extension near the top edge and the first end of the second extension near the top edge is greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the distance c2 between the second end of the first extension near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension near the bottom edge is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

[0019] Furthermore, the power supply voltage ranges from 12V to 16V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film is less than 50ops.

[0020] Furthermore, the surface resistivity of the transparent heating film is less than 30 ops.

[0021] Furthermore, the power supply voltage ranges from 36V to 48V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film is greater than 50ops.

[0022] Furthermore, the surface resistivity of the transparent heating film is greater than 100 ops.

[0023] Furthermore, the first end of the first extension away from the signal transmission area and the first boundary of the shielding layer have a first distance d1 in the second direction, and the first boundary is located on the side of the first extension away from the signal transmission area;

[0024] The second end of the first extension has a second distance d2 between the side of the signal transmission area and the second boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the second boundary is located between the first extension and the signal transmission area;

[0025] The first end of the second extension has a third distance d3 between the side of the signal transmission area away from the signal transmission area and the third boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the third boundary is located on the side of the second extension away from the signal transmission area;

[0026] The second end of the second extension has a fourth distance d4 in the second direction between the side of the signal transmission area and the fourth boundary of the shielding layer, and the fourth boundary is located between the second extension and the signal transmission area.

[0027] Wherein, at least one of the first spacing d1, the second spacing d2, the third spacing d3, and the fourth spacing d4 is equal to a preset threshold.

[0028] Furthermore, the preset threshold value range is greater than or equal to 3mm.

[0029] Furthermore, the signal transmission area has a first side and a second side in the second direction, the first side is adjacent to the first extension, the second side is adjacent to the second extension, the area between the first side and the first extension is defined as a first edge area, and the area between the second side and the second extension is defined as a second edge area.

[0030] The distance L1 between the first end of the first extension and the corresponding end of the first side is greater than the distance L2 between the second end of the first extension and the corresponding end of the first side. The transparent heating film covers the first edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film covering the first edge area is provided with a hollow pattern. And / or, the distance L3 between the first end of the second extension and the corresponding end of the second side is greater than the distance L4 between the second end of the second extension and the corresponding end of the second side. The transparent heating film covers the second edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film covering the second edge area is provided with a hollow pattern.

[0031] The hollow pattern includes multiple hollow holes, which are selected from one or a combination of at least two of the following: circular holes, elliptical holes, and polygonal holes.

[0032] Furthermore, along the second direction, the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the signal transmission area is smaller than the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film away from the signal transmission area;

[0033] Alternatively, along the first direction, the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the top edge is larger than the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the bottom edge.

[0034] Furthermore, the first extension is located on the side of the bottom edge away from the top edge, the second extension is located on the side of the top edge away from the bottom edge, and the length of the second extension along the second direction is less than the length of the first extension along the second direction;

[0035] The second busbar also includes two stepped sections, which are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the second extension in the second direction;

[0036] Each of the stepped portions includes one or more stepped segments, each stepped segment having a U-shaped structure and an extension length along the second direction less than 1 / 2 of the length of the second extension portion along the second direction, the opening end of each stepped segment facing away from the signal transmission area, the multiple stepped segments being distributed at intervals between the first extension portion and the second extension portion along the first direction and connected end to end in sequence, the opening ends of the multiple stepped segments being flush or nearly flush; along the direction of the second extension portion closer to the first extension portion, the length of the multiple stepped segments along the second direction decreases sequentially.

[0037] Furthermore, the first heating layer also includes a substrate, and the transparent heating film is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate facing the outer glass plate, or the transparent heating film is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate facing the inner glass plate.

[0038] Furthermore, the transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate by chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition.

[0039] Furthermore, the transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method.

[0040] Furthermore, the first heating layer also includes a protective film made of polymer material, which covers the surface of the transparent heating film facing away from the substrate.

[0041] Furthermore, the material of the substrate is selected from at least one of PET, PVB, PC and modified CPI, and / or the thickness of the substrate is from 10 μm to 500 μm.

[0042] Furthermore, the adhesive layer has a receiving groove, the orthographic projection of the receiving groove on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area, and the first heating layer is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove.

[0043] Furthermore, the adhesive layer includes a first sub-adhesive layer and a second sub-adhesive layer stacked on top of each other. The first sub-adhesive layer includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second sub-adhesive layer includes a third adhesive surface and a fourth adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second adhesive surface and the third adhesive surface are bonded together. The outer glass plate is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate is bonded to the fourth adhesive surface.

[0044] Wherein, the first sub-adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, or the second sub-adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface; or, the first sub-adhesive layer has a first sub-receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, and the second sub-adhesive layer has a second sub-receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface, wherein the second sub-receiving groove is directly opposite to the first sub-receiving groove and together constitutes the receiving groove.

[0045] Furthermore, the adhesive layer is a single layer, and the adhesive layer includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface that are opposite to each other. The outer glass plate is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate is bonded to the second adhesive surface.

[0046] The adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed on either the first adhesive surface or the second adhesive surface.

[0047] Furthermore, the laminated glass also includes an optical adhesive layer that bonds the bottom of the receiving groove and the surface of the first heating layer facing the bottom of the groove together.

[0048] Furthermore, the signal transmitted through the signal transmission area is an optical camera signal or a 905nm band lidar signal, and the adhesive layer is made of PVB.

[0049] Alternatively, the signal transmission area is used to transmit a 1550nm band lidar signal, and the adhesive layer is made of EVA.

[0050] A second aspect of this application provides a method for manufacturing laminated glass, the method comprising:

[0051] An adhesive layer is provided, and a receiving groove is formed in a predetermined area of ​​the adhesive layer;

[0052] A substrate is provided, and a transparent heating film of carbon nanotube material is deposited on one surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate and the transparent heating film constitute a first heating layer;

[0053] The first heating layer is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove of the adhesive layer, and the transparent heating film at least covers the signal transmission area;

[0054] An outer glass plate and an inner glass plate are provided, and the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are respectively stacked on opposite sides of the adhesive layer, and then the plates are laminated to obtain laminated glass.

[0055] Furthermore, the transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method.

[0056] A third aspect of this application provides a vehicle comprising a frame and laminated glass as described above, the frame being used to support the laminated glass;

[0057] The vehicle also includes sensors located inside the vehicle, which are positioned opposite to the signal transmission area.

[0058] The laminated glass and its manufacturing method provided in this application, as well as the vehicle, include a glass body and a first heating layer. The first heating layer includes a transparent heating film that covers at least the signal transmission area of ​​the glass body. By using carbon nanotube material to make the transparent heating film, the appearance of the first heating layer is transparent and invisible, which can reduce or even avoid the influence on the signal transmittance of the sensor, thereby improving the working effect of the sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0059] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the implementation will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementations of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0060] Figure 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the laminated glass provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0061] Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the laminated glass shown in Figure 1.

[0062] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the laminated glass shown in Figure 2.

[0063] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the laminated glass shown in Figure 2 in another embodiment.

[0064] Figure 5 is a partially enlarged view of the laminated glass shown in Figure 2 in another embodiment.

[0065] Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of the laminated glass provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0066] Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of the laminated glass provided in the third embodiment of this application.

[0067] Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of the laminated glass provided in the fourth embodiment of this application.

[0068] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the laminated glass shown in Figure 8.

[0069] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the laminated glass shown in Figure 8 in another embodiment.

[0070] Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of the laminated glass provided in the fifth embodiment of this application.

[0071] Figure 12 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing laminated glass according to an embodiment of this application.

[0072] Key reference numerals: 100-Laminated glass; 101-Signal transmission area; 102-Light-transmitting area; 103-Light-blocking area; 10-Outer glass plate; 11-First surface; 12-Second surface; 20-Adhesive layer; 21-First sub-adhesive layer; 22-Second sub-adhesive layer; 30-Inner glass plate; 31-Third surface; 32-Fourth surface; 40-First heating layer; 41-Transparent heating film; 42-Substrate; 50-First busbar; 51-First extension; 52-First guide; 60-Second busbar; 61-Second extension; 62-Second guide; 63-Stepped section; 71-First shielding layer; 72-Second shielding layer; 81-First lead; 82-Second lead; 90-Perforated pattern. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0074] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order, and the term "multiple" refers to at least two, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through other elements, or a connection within two elements; it can be a communication connection or an electrical connection, where both communication and electrical connections include direct connections or indirect connections through other elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 1. An embodiment of this application provides a laminated glass 100 for installation in openings of vehicles, ships, and other means of transportation, serving as a windshield, side window, or sunroof. The laminated glass 100 can be flat glass, curved glass with curvature in a single direction, or hyperboloid glass with the same or different curvatures in two directions. For example, as shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment of this application, the laminated glass 100 can serve as a windshield of a vehicle. The laminated glass 100 has different curvatures in its length direction (left-right direction as shown in Figure 1) and width direction (up-down direction as shown in Figure 1), and the laminated glass 100 is a hyperboloid glass.

[0076] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1 to 3. In the embodiments of this application, the laminated glass 100 includes an outer glass plate 10, an adhesive layer 20, and an inner glass plate 30. The adhesive layer 20 bonds the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 together to form the glass body of the laminated glass 100. In the embodiments of this application, the glass body has a signal transmission area 101 for the transmission of signals from a sensor. The sensor may be, but is not limited to, millimeter-wave radar, lidar, infrared camera, and visible light camera. The area of ​​the signal transmission area 101 is equal to or greater than the area of ​​the actual signal transmission region of the sensor.

[0077] Referring to Figures 1 and 3, in an embodiment of this application, the laminated glass 100 further includes a first heating layer 40 disposed between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. Preferably, the first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the adhesive layer 20. The first heating layer 40 includes a transparent heating film 41 made of carbon nanotube material. Along the thickness direction of the glass body, the orthographic projection of the transparent heating film 41 on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area 101, and the transparent heating film 41 is used to generate heat when energized, so that the laminated glass 100 has a heating function at least in the signal transmission area 101, preventing fogging, frosting, or icing on the inner surface of the laminated glass 100 corresponding to the signal transmission area 101.

[0078] Existing electrically heated glass typically uses visible heating wires such as silver paste, enameled wire, or tungsten wire to heat the signal transmission area, or uses transparent heating films such as silver-based films, indium tin oxide (ITO), or tin oxide doped with fluoride (FTO) to heat the signal transmission area, which can reduce the sensor's signal transmittance. In contrast, in the embodiments of this application, the transparent heating film 41 used to heat the signal transmission area 101 is made of carbon nanotube material. Because carbon nanotube material has excellent mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and optical properties, the transparent heating film 41 can not only heat the signal transmission area 101, but also make the transparent heating film 41 invisible, improving the aesthetics of the laminated glass 100. Moreover, it can reduce or even avoid the impact on the sensor's signal transmittance, which is beneficial to improving the sensor's working effect.

[0079] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the laminated glass 100 further includes a busbar and a shielding layer fixedly disposed between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. The busbar is used to connect the power supply and the transparent heating film 41 to provide heating current to the transparent heating film 41 through the power supply. The shielding layer is used to shield the busbar and a portion (e.g., the edge area) of the laminated glass 100, thereby improving the aesthetics of the laminated glass 100 and protecting the sensor components, as will be described later.

[0080] The structure of the laminated glass 100 provided in this application embodiment will be further described below with reference to Figures 1 to 11, taking the laminated glass 100 as the windshield of a vehicle as an example.

[0081] As shown in Figure 3, in an embodiment of this application, the outer glass panel 10 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 facing away from each other, and the inner glass panel 30 has a third surface 31 and a fourth surface 32 facing away from each other. The second surface 12 and the third surface 31 are disposed opposite to each other, and the adhesive layer 20 is connected between the second surface 12 and the third surface 31. When the laminated glass 100 is installed on a vehicle, the outer glass panel 10 is located on the outside of the vehicle, and the first surface 11 is the outer surface of the laminated glass 100 exposed outside the vehicle; the inner glass panel 30 is located on the inside of the vehicle, and the fourth surface 32 is the inner surface of the laminated glass 100 exposed inside the vehicle. Both the outer glass panel 10 and the inner glass panel 30 are hyperboloid glass.

[0082] Specifically, the outer glass panel 10 undergoes a high-temperature bending process at at least 500°C. The thickness of the outer glass panel 10 can be from 1.6mm to 5.0mm, for example, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.1mm, 2.6mm, 3.2mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, 5.0mm, etc. Furthermore, the outer glass panel 10 can be any one of the following: transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of 85%–93%, ordinary green glass with a visible light transmittance of 73%–88%, solar green glass with a visible light transmittance of 70%–85.5%, light gray glass or dark green glass with a visible light transmittance of 25%–50%, etc. In some embodiments of this application, when vehicle sensors such as cameras and lidar are provided on the laminated glass 100, the thickness of the outer glass plate 10 is preferably 1.8mm or 2.1mm, and the material of the outer glass plate 10 is preferably transparent glass, ordinary green glass or solar green glass, with solar green glass having light-absorbing function being preferred.

[0083] Similar to the outer glass panel 10, the inner glass panel 30 undergoes a high-temperature bending process at at least 500°C. The thickness of the inner glass panel 30 can be from 1.6mm to 5.0mm, for example, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.1mm, 2.6mm, 3.2mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, 5.0mm, etc. Furthermore, the inner glass panel 30 can be any of the following: transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of 85%–93%, ordinary green glass with a visible light transmittance of 73%–88%, solar green glass with a visible light transmittance of 70%–85.5%, light gray glass or dark green glass with a visible light transmittance of 25%–50%, etc., or colored glass. In some embodiments of this application, when vehicle sensors such as cameras and lidar are provided on the laminated glass 100, the thickness of the inner glass plate 30 is preferably 1.8mm or 2.1mm, and the material of the inner glass plate 30 is preferably transparent glass, ordinary green glass or solar green glass, with transparent glass being preferred.

[0084] The adhesive layer 20 can also be referred to as a thermoplastic interlayer. The material of the adhesive layer 20 can be, but is not limited to, polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), ionomer polymer film (SGP), etc. It should be noted that in some embodiments of this application, when the signal transmission area 101 (see Figure 2) is used to transmit an optical camera signal or a 905nm band lidar signal, the material of the adhesive layer 20 is preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB); in other embodiments of this application, when the signal transmission area 101 is used to transmit a 1550nm band lidar signal, the material of the adhesive layer 20 is preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).

[0085] Of course, the adhesive layer 20 can also be selectively colored. For example, at least one colored area can be provided on the top of the laminated glass 100 to serve as a shadow strip, thereby reducing the interference of sunlight on the human eye. Alternatively, a colored area can be provided on the bottom of the laminated glass 100 to provide a shielding effect. It can also be composed of two or three layers of thermoplastic polymer film spliced ​​together, with the bottom or top of the laminated glass 100 colored and the visible area in the middle transparent. When the adhesive layer 20 is a transparent thermoplastic adhesive layer, the visible light transmittance of the transparent thermoplastic adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 80%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 20 can be, but is not limited to, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95%. When the adhesive layer 20 is a colored thermoplastic intermediate layer, the visible light transmittance of the colored thermoplastic intermediate layer is greater than 70%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 20 can be, but is not limited to, 75%, 80%, 85%, or 90%. Furthermore, the adhesive layer 20 may also contain an infrared absorber to provide heat and light absorption. The adhesive layer 20 may also comprise at least two layers, one of which has a higher plasticizer content to provide sound insulation.

[0086] In the embodiments of this application, the outer glass plate 10, the adhesive layer 20, and the inner glass plate 30 are processed by the high-pressure lamination process of automotive glass to form the glass body of the laminated glass 100. The laminated glass 100 can meet the usage requirements of Chinese standards and automotive glass standards in European, American and other countries.

[0087] Referring again to Figure 3, in some embodiments of this application, the first heating layer 40 further includes a substrate 42, and the transparent heating film 41 is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate 42 facing the inner glass plate 30. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the transparent heating film 41 can also be fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate 42 facing the outer glass plate 10. It is understood that using the substrate 42 to support the transparent heating film 41 can prevent the transparent heating film 41 from curling during the high-pressure lamination process of the laminated glass 100.

[0088] Optionally, the transparent heating film 41 can be directly deposited on the surface of the substrate 42 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD), preferably by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD).

[0089] Alternatively, the material used to make the substrate 42 may be selected from at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), vinyl butyral (PVB), polycarbonate (PC), and modified transparent polyimide (CPI), with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material having good mechanical properties, high transparency, and good gloss being preferred, and / or the thickness of the substrate 42 is from 10 μm to 500 μm, with 50 μm or 100 μm being preferred.

[0090] Alternatively, in some embodiments of this application, the first heating layer 40 may further include a protective film (not shown in the figure) made of polymer material, which covers the surface of the transparent heating film 41 facing away from the substrate 42 to protect the transparent heating film 41 from external environmental pollution.

[0091] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4 together. In the embodiments of this application, the first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the adhesive layer 20. Specifically, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the adhesive layer 20 has a receiving groove (not labeled in the figures). The orthographic projection of the receiving groove on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area 101 (see Figure 2). The first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove. It can be understood that by directly bonding and fixing the first heating layer 40 in the receiving groove of the adhesive layer 20, not only is the fixing operation of the first heating layer 40 simple and quick, but it is also unnecessary to fill the entire gap between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 with the first heating layer 40, which can reduce the thickness of the first heating layer 40 and thus reduce costs.

[0092] Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the adhesive layer 20 may have receiving holes extending through its opposite sides along the thickness direction, and the first heating layer 40 is filled in the receiving holes.

[0093] Optionally, as shown in FIG3, in some embodiments of this application, the adhesive layer 20 includes a first sub-adhesive layer 21 and a second sub-adhesive layer 22 stacked on top of each other. The first sub-adhesive layer 21 includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface facing away from each other, and the second sub-adhesive layer 22 includes a third adhesive surface and a fourth adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second adhesive surface and the third adhesive surface are bonded together. The outer glass plate 10 is bonded to the first adhesive surface of the first sub-adhesive layer 21, and the inner glass plate 30 is bonded to the fourth adhesive surface of the second sub-adhesive layer 22, thereby bonding the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 together through the double-layer adhesive layer 20. The first heating layer 40 is fixed by the double-layer adhesive layer, increasing the adhesion force to the first heating layer 40, making the bonding stability between the first heating layer 40 and the adhesive layer 20 higher, which helps to improve the structural stability of the laminated glass 100 and can prevent the first heating layer 40 from wrinkling during high-pressure lamination.

[0094] In the example of Figure 3, the second sub-adhesive layer 22 has the receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface, and the first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the second sub-adhesive layer 22.

[0095] Optionally, in other embodiments of this application, the first sub-adhesive layer 21 may have the receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, and the first heating layer 40 may be fixedly disposed in the first sub-adhesive layer 21. Alternatively, the first sub-adhesive layer 21 may have a first sub-receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, and the second sub-adhesive layer 22 may have a second sub-receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface. The second sub-receiving groove and the first sub-receiving groove are directly opposite each other and together constitute the receiving groove. A portion of the first heating layer 40 may be fixedly disposed in the first sub-adhesive layer 21, and another portion of the first heating layer 40 may be fixedly disposed in the second sub-adhesive layer 22.

[0096] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments of this application, the adhesive layer 20 can be a single layer, comprising a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface facing away from each other. The outer glass plate 10 is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate 30 is bonded to the second adhesive surface, thereby bonding the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 together through the single-layer adhesive layer 20. The adhesive layer 20 may have a receiving groove formed from either the first or second adhesive surface for accommodating the first heating layer 40. It is easy to understand that fixing the first heating layer 40 through the single-layer adhesive layer 20 helps reduce the thickness of the adhesive layer 20.

[0097] Preferably, in the example of Figure 3 or Figure 4, the laminated glass 100 may further include an optical adhesive layer for bonding the bottom of the receiving groove and the surface of the first heating layer 40 facing the bottom of the groove together, which can further improve the bonding stability between the first heating layer 40 and the adhesive layer 20.

[0098] Please refer again to Figures 1 to 3. In the embodiments of this application, the laminated glass 100 further includes a shielding layer, a first busbar 50, and a second busbar 60. The first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are fixedly disposed between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. The shielding layer is disposed on the second surface 12 of the outer glass plate 10 facing the inner glass plate 30 and / or at least one surface of the inner glass plate 30 in the thickness direction (i.e., the third surface 31 and / or the fourth surface 32). The orthographic projection of the shielding layer on the glass body at least covers the orthographic projection of the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 on the glass body. In other words, the shielding layer at least shields the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60.

[0099] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the first busbar 50 includes a first extension 51, and the second busbar 60 includes a second extension 61. The first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in a predetermined direction and are both electrically connected to the transparent heating film 41. Thus, when the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are connected to a power supply (not shown in the figure), the heating current provided by the power supply can flow through the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 through the transparent heating film 41. The transparent heating film 41 heats up under the action of the heating current, thereby enabling the laminated glass 100 to have defrosting, defogging, and de-icing functions, at least in the signal transmission area 101. Both the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 can be metal foil, conductive silver paste, etc.

[0100] As shown in Figure 3, both the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are fixedly disposed in the adhesive layer 20 and located on the side of the transparent heating film 41 facing away from the substrate 42. It should be noted that after the transparent heating film 41 is deposited on the surface of the substrate 42, the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 can be disposed on the side of the transparent heating film 41 facing away from the substrate 42 by means of printing, spraying, sputtering, or bonding, and can be cut accordingly according to the specific busbar design scheme. This operation not only ensures that the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 have good conductivity, but also helps to reduce costs and improve the flexibility of busbar design.

[0101] As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the shielding layer consists of a first shielding layer 71 and a second shielding layer 72. The first shielding layer 71 is used to shield at least a portion of the peripheral area of ​​the signal transmission area 101, thereby shielding the first extension 51 and the second extension 61. The second shielding layer 72 is used to shield the periphery of the laminated glass 100, thus dividing the laminated glass 100 into a light-transmitting area 102 and a light-transmitting area 103. The light-transmitting area 102 is located in the central area of ​​the laminated glass 100, and the light-transmitting area 103 is located around the periphery of the laminated glass 100. The light-transmitting area 102 has a high visible light transmittance that meets safety standards, for example, greater than or equal to 70%. The visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area 103 can be set according to actual applications, for example, less than or equal to 5%, preferably less than or equal to 1.5%. Understandably, the shielding layer can shield and protect the interior components, thereby ensuring the overall aesthetics from the outside. At the same time, it can prevent the interior components from being damaged by direct sunlight, thus improving their service life. In addition, the shielding layer can also improve the local adhesion of the laminated glass 100.

[0102] Optionally, as shown in FIG3, in some embodiments of this application, the shielding layer (first shielding layer 71 and second shielding layer 72) is disposed on the second surface 12 of the outer glass plate 10. In other embodiments of this application, the shielding layer may also be disposed on the third surface 31 or the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass plate 30, or may be disposed on at least two of the second surface 12, the third surface 31 and the fourth surface 32 simultaneously, without limitation.

[0103] Optionally, the material of the masking layer can be ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink, and the masking layer is formed by screen printing, inkjet printing or other processes using ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink. The color of the masking layer is preferably black, brown or tan. Alternatively, the material of the masking layer can be a body-colored thermoplastic interlayer, and the material of the thermoplastic interlayer is polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyurethane (PU) or ionomer film (SGP), etc., preferably PET or PVB. The color of the thermoplastic interlayer is preferably black, brown or tan. The material of the shielding layer can also be a dimming element, which can be a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC), a suspended particle film (SPD), an electrochromic film (EC), a dye liquid crystal film (LC), etc. The visible light transmittance of the dimming element can be adjusted between 0% and 20%, between 0.5% and 50%, or between 0% and 70%, etc., so as to meet the visible light transmittance requirements in multiple scenarios.

[0104] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the layout of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 can have different design schemes, depending on the shape of the signal transmission area 101 and the power supply voltage of the power supply.

[0105] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 5 together. In some embodiments of this application, the signal transmission area 101 is generally trapezoidal in shape. The signal transmission area 101 includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction. The bottom edge is located on the side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body. The length 'a' of the top edge along a second direction is less than the length 'b' of the bottom edge along the second direction. The first direction is the width direction of the laminated glass 100 (vertical direction as shown in Figure 1), and the second direction is the length direction of the laminated glass 100 (horizontal direction as shown in Figure 1). The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The shielding layer (see Figure 3) is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body located around the signal transmission area 101. That is, the non-transparent area 103 surrounds the signal transmission area 101 (see Figure 1), and the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the first direction.

[0106] Theoretically, when the length *a* of the top edge along the second direction, the length *b* of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the length of the circuit through which the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 achieve electrical conduction (i.e., the distance *c* between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61) are equal (i.e., *a* = *b* = *c*), the heating area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 corresponding to the signal transmission area 101 can achieve optimal heating. However, in practical applications, the signal transmission area 101 is roughly trapezoidal, the length *a* of the top edge along the second direction is less than the length *b* of the bottom edge along the second direction, and considering factors such as the heat absorption effect of the shielding layer, the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101 is affected.

[0107] To improve the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101, in the examples of Figures 2 and 5, when the power supply voltage of the power supply connected to the first bus 50 and the second bus 60 is low, the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is set to be less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. This design can increase the overall power density of the heating area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 corresponding to the signal transmission area 101 when the power supply voltage is low, thereby enabling the signal transmission area 101 to achieve a better heating state.

[0108] Optionally, the power supply voltage ranges from 12V to 16V, and the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is less than 50 ops. By limiting the low voltage range of the power supply voltage and the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41, a better power density can be ensured for the heating area corresponding to the signal transmission area 101, thereby achieving a better heating effect on the signal transmission area 101. Preferably, the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is less than 30 ops to further improve the heating effect of the heating area.

[0109] Optionally, in the examples of Figures 2 and 5, the length a of the top edge along the second direction can be less than the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61, i.e., a < c < b. Alternatively, the length a of the top edge along the second direction can be greater than the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61, i.e., c < a < b. It is preferable to choose that the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is less than the length a of the top edge along the second direction. This design can minimize the loop between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61, thereby improving the overall power density of the heating zone corresponding to the signal transmission area 101.

[0110] Referring to Figure 6, in some other embodiments of this application, the arrangement of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 differs from that in the examples of Figures 2 and 5. The difference lies in that the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are arranged parallel to each other on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction. In the example of Figure 6, when the power supply voltage is high, the distance c between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is set to be greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, that is, a < b < c. This allows for a longer loop between the first extension 51 and the second extension 61, avoiding the problem of local hot spots when the power supply voltage is high, and also helps to improve the heating uniformity of the heating area.

[0111] Optionally, the power supply voltage ranges from 36V to 48V, and the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is greater than 50 ops. By limiting the high voltage range of the power supply voltage and the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41, local hot spots can be avoided in the heating area corresponding to the signal transmission area 101, thereby improving the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101. Preferably, the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is greater than 100 ops, which can further improve the heating uniformity of the heating area.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 7. In some embodiments of this application, the arrangement of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is different from that in the examples of Figures 2 and 5. The difference is that the shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body near the top edge and the area of ​​the glass body near the opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction. That is, the area of ​​the glass body near the bottom edge is exposed to the shielding layer. In order to ensure that the appearance of the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 is not visible, the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 can only be arranged at intervals on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction. In the example of Figure 7, in order to improve the overall power density of the heating area corresponding to the signal transmission area 101, the distance c1 between the first end of the first extension 51 near the top edge and the first end of the second extension 61 near the top edge is set to be greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction. The distance c2 between the second end of the first extension 51 near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension 61 near the bottom edge is set to be greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, i.e., a < c1 < b < c2. This design makes c1 and c2 as close as possible, which means that the lengths of the two loops at opposite ends of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 that are electrically connected through the transparent heating film 41 are as equal as possible. This helps to improve the overall power density of the heating area and ensures that the heating area has a better heating state.

[0113] In the example shown in Figure 7, the power supply voltage can be low, preferably ranging from 12V to 16V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is less than 50 ops, preferably less than 30 ops; the power supply voltage can also be high, preferably ranging from 36V to 48V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film 41 is greater than 50 ops, preferably greater than 100 ops.

[0114] Referring again to Figure 7, in some other embodiments of this application, the first end of the first extension 51, away from the signal transmission area 101, has a first distance d1 with the first boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the first boundary is located on the side of the first extension 51 away from the signal transmission area 101; the second end of the first extension 51, near the signal transmission area 101, has a second distance d2 with the second boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the second boundary is located between the first extension 51 and the signal transmission area 101; the first end of the second extension 61, away from the signal transmission area 101, has a third distance d1 with the third boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction. 3. The third boundary is located on the side of the second extension 61 away from the signal transmission area 101; the second end of the second extension 61, near the side of the signal transmission area 101, has a fourth distance d4 in the second direction with the fourth boundary of the shielding layer, and the fourth boundary is located between the second extension 61 and the signal transmission area 101; wherein, at least one of the first distance d1, the second distance d2, the third distance d3, and the fourth distance d4 is equal to a preset threshold, preferably d1, d2, d3, and d4 are all equal to the preset threshold. By limiting the value of at least one distance, the length difference between c1 and c2 can be reduced, thereby improving the uniformity of the power density of the heating area. The preset threshold is related to the positional tolerances of the shielding layer, the first extension 51, and the second extension 61. For example, the positional tolerance of the shielding layer is ±1mm, the positional tolerance of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 is ±2mm, and the value range of the preset threshold is set to be greater than or equal to 3mm, preferably 3mm.

[0115] It should be noted that, as shown in Figures 2, 6, and 7, in some embodiments of this application, the first busbar 50 further includes a first guide portion 52, one end of which is connected to the first extension portion 51, and the other end of which extends to the side of the laminated glass 100 near the top edge to connect to the power supply; the second busbar 60 further includes a second guide portion 62, one end of which is connected to the second extension portion 61, and the other end of which extends to the side of the laminated glass 100 near the top edge to connect to the power supply. That is, the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 can be directly connected to the power supply, and different parts of each busbar can be integrally formed on the surface of the transparent heating film 41 facing away from the substrate 42, simplifying the fabrication of the busbars. The shape of the guide portion of each busbar can be cut according to actual needs and is not limited thereto.

[0116] Of course, as shown in Figure 5, in some other embodiments of this application, the laminated glass 100 further includes a first lead 81 and a second lead 82. One end of the first lead 81 is connected to the first extension 51, and the other end of the first lead 81 extends to the side of the laminated glass 100 near the top edge to connect to the power supply. One end of the second lead 82 is connected to the second extension 61, and the other end of the second lead 82 extends to the side of the laminated glass 100 near the top edge to connect to the power supply. That is, the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 can also be connected to the power supply through corresponding leads, and the shape of each lead can be cut according to actual needs, without limitation. In the example of Figure 5, the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the first direction, which helps to reduce the loop length between them, thereby increasing the heating power of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101; and by connecting a first lead 81 to the opposite ends of the first extension 51 to connect to the power supply, and connecting a second lead 82 to the middle region of the second extension 61 to connect to the power supply, so that the first busbar 50 and the second busbar 60 are symmetrically distributed, the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101 can be improved.

[0117] Preferably, referring to Figures 7 to 10, in some embodiments of this application, when the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction, and the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are not parallel, that is, when the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are arranged in the manner shown in Figure 7, the portion of the transparent heating film 41 (not shown in the figure) adjacent to any side of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction can be provided with a hollow pattern 90 to improve the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101.

[0118] Specifically, as shown in FIG8, the signal transmission area 101 has a first side (i.e., the left side) and a second side (i.e., the right side) in the second direction. The first side is adjacent to the first extension 51, and the second side is adjacent to the second extension 61. The area between the first side and the first extension 51 is defined as the first edge area, and the area between the second side and the second extension 61 is defined as the second edge area. Wherein, the distance L1 between the first end of the first extension 51 (the end near the top edge of the signal transmission area 101) and the corresponding end of the first side is greater than the distance L2 between the second end of the first extension 51 (the end near the bottom edge of the signal transmission area 101) and the corresponding end of the first side, the transparent heating film 41 covers the first edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering the first edge area is provided with the hollow pattern 90, and / or, the distance L3 between the first end of the second extension 61 (the end near the top edge of the signal transmission area 101) and the corresponding end of the second side is greater than the distance L4 between the second end of the second extension 61 (the end near the bottom edge of the signal transmission area 101) and the corresponding end of the second side, the transparent heating film 41 covers the second edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering the second edge area is provided with the hollow pattern 90. The hollow pattern 90 includes multiple hollow holes, which are selected from one or a combination of at least two of the following: circular holes, elliptical holes, and polygonal holes. No limitation is imposed on the selection.

[0119] It is understandable that, in the example of Figure 8, since the loop length between the first end of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 in the first direction is less than the loop length between the second end of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 in the first direction (i.e., C1 is less than C2 as shown in Figure 7), the power of the portion of the transparent heating film 41 near the top edge is greater. This results in the heating temperature rise of the top region of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41 being greater than the heating temperature rise of the bottom region of the signal transmission area 101. By providing the perforated pattern 90 on the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering at least one of the edge regions, the difference in heating temperature rise caused by the difference in loop length between the opposite ends of the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 in the first direction can be compensated, thereby improving the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41. It can also reduce the material consumption of the transparent heating film 41 and reduce costs.

[0120] Optionally, as shown in FIG9, in one embodiment, along the second direction, the perforated area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 near the signal transmission area 101 is smaller than the perforated area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 away from the signal transmission area 101. That is, the perforated area of ​​the perforated pattern 90 is smaller the closer it is to the signal transmission area 101, and conversely, the perforated area of ​​the perforated pattern 90 is larger the further it is from the signal transmission area 101. Alternatively, as shown in FIG10, in another embodiment, along the first direction, the perforated area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 near the top edge is larger than the perforated area of ​​the transparent heating film 41 near the bottom edge. That is, the perforated area of ​​the perforated pattern 90 is smaller the closer it is to the bottom edge, and larger the perforated area of ​​the perforated pattern 90 is larger the closer it is to the top edge. In any of the foregoing embodiments, the perforated pattern 90 adopts a gradient pattern, which can further improve the heating uniformity of the transparent heating film 41 on the signal transmission area 101.

[0121] Referring to Figure 11, in some embodiments of this application, the first extension 51 and the second extension 61 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area 101 in the first direction. The first extension 51 is located on the side of the bottom edge away from the top edge, and the second extension 61 is located on the side of the top edge away from the bottom edge. The length of the second extension 61 along the second direction is less than the length of the first extension 51 along the second direction. The second busbar 60 also includes two stepped portions 63, which are respectively connected to opposite ends of the second extension 61 in the second direction to improve the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41.

[0122] Specifically, as shown in Figure 11, each of the stepped portions 63 includes multiple stepped segments. Each stepped segment has a U-shaped structure and its extension length along the second direction is less than 1 / 2 of the length of the second extension portion 61 along the second direction. The opening end of each stepped segment faces away from the signal transmission area 101. The multiple stepped segments are distributed at intervals between the first extension portion 51 and the second extension portion 61 along the first direction and are connected end to end in sequence. The opening ends of the multiple stepped segments are flush or nearly flush, so that the stepped portion 63 has an overall bow-shaped structure. In particular, along the direction of the second extension portion 61 close to the first extension portion 51, the length of the multiple stepped segments along the second direction decreases sequentially.

[0123] It is understandable that, in the example of Figure 11, because the length of the second extension 61 along the second direction is less than the length of the first extension 51 along the second direction, the loop length between the end of the first extension 51 and the end of the second extension 61 is greater than the loop length between the middle of the first extension 51 and the middle of the second extension 61. Consequently, the heating power of the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering the middle region of the signal transmission area 101 is greater than the heating power of the portion of the transparent heating film 41 covering the two ends of the signal transmission area 101 in the second direction. This results in the heating temperature rise of the transparent heating film 41 on the middle region of the signal transmission area 101 being greater than the heating temperature rise on the two ends of the signal transmission area 101. By connecting a stepped portion 63 to each of the opposite ends of the second extension 61, and... The lengths of the multiple stepped segments of the stepped portion 63 along the second direction are set to decrease sequentially. This ensures that although the loop length between the first extension 51 and the multiple stepped segments decreases sequentially, the difference between the loop length between any stepped segment and the first extension 51 and the loop length between the middle of the first extension 51 and the middle of the second extension 61 is less than the difference between the loop length between the ends of the first extension 51 and the ends of the second extension 61 and the loop length between the middle of the first extension 51 and the middle of the second extension 61. In other words, this is equivalent to optimizing the loop length between any stepped segment and the first extension 51 to approximate the loop length between the middle of the first extension 51 and the middle of the second extension 61, which is beneficial for improving the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41. Preferably, in the example of FIG. 11, the two stepped portions 63 are distributed about the perpendicular bisector of the second extension 61, which further improves the heating uniformity of the signal transmission area 101 by the transparent heating film 41.

[0124] Of course, in other embodiments of this application, each of the stepped portions 63 may also include only one stepped segment, and this is not limited.

[0125] It should also be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the first heating layer 40, the orthogonal projection of the transparent heating film 41 on the glass body preferably only covers the signal transmission area 101, that is, the transparent heating film 41 is only used to heat the signal transmission area 101 and its surrounding area. In order to achieve heating of other areas of the laminated glass 100 besides the signal transmission area 101, the laminated glass 100 further includes a second heating layer disposed between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. The second heating layer is made of a transparent heating film or an electric heating wire. The second heating layer can adopt the heating layer in existing laminated glass, which will not be described in detail.

[0126] Table 1 below shows the experimental comparison results between Comparative Examples 1-3 and Examples 1-5. Comparative Examples 1-3 used laminated glass with existing metal conductive heating film, while Examples 1-5 used laminated glass with transparent heating film made of carbon nanotube material.

[0127] Table 1: Comparison results of experiments between Comparative Examples 1-3 and Examples 1-5

[0128] As shown in Table 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, under the premise of roughly the same power density, although the sheet resistance of the laminated glass in Examples 1-5 is higher than that in the comparative examples, the laminated glass in Examples 1-5 has higher transmittance and less signal shielding. This means that the laminated glass 100 provided in this application embodiment can not only heat the signal transmission area 101 through the transparent heating film 41, but also has a transparent and invisible appearance, which can reduce or even avoid the influence on the sensor signal, thus helping to ensure the normal operation of the sensor.

[0129] Referring to Figure 12, an embodiment of this application also provides a method for manufacturing laminated glass 100, the method comprising steps S1 to S4. The steps of the manufacturing method shown in Figure 12 will be described below with reference to Figure 3.

[0130] Step S1: Provide an adhesive layer 20, and open a receiving groove in a preset area of ​​the adhesive layer 20;

[0131] Step S2: Provide a substrate 42, and deposit a transparent heating film 41 of carbon nanotube material on one of the surfaces of the substrate 42. The substrate 42 and the transparent heating film 41 constitute a first heating layer 40. The transparent heating film 41 can be deposited on one of the surfaces of the substrate 42 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD), preferably by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) directly deposited on the surface of the substrate 42.

[0132] Step S3: The first heating layer 40 is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove of the adhesive layer 20, and the transparent heating film 41 at least covers the signal transmission area 101;

[0133] Step S4: Provide an outer glass plate 10 and an inner glass plate 30, and stack the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 on opposite sides of the adhesive layer 20 respectively, and then perform a lamination process to obtain laminated glass 100.

[0134] In the laminated glass 100 manufactured by the manufacturing method provided in this application embodiment, the transparent heating film 41 used to heat the signal transmission area 101 is made of carbon nanotube material. Since the carbon nanotube material has excellent mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and optical properties, the transparent heating film 41 can not only heat the signal transmission area 101, but also make the transparent heating film 41 transparent and invisible, which improves the aesthetics of the laminated glass 100. Moreover, it can reduce or even avoid the influence on the signal transmittance of the sensor, which is beneficial to improving the working effect of the sensor.

[0135] It is easy to understand that the laminated glass 100 may have other structures and features of the laminated glass 100 in any of the above embodiments. For more detailed information, please refer to the relevant descriptions above, which will not be repeated here.

[0136] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle, including a frame and laminated glass 100. The frame supports the laminated glass 100, allowing it to serve as the vehicle's windshield, rear windshield, or side window. The frame refers to a frame used to support and connect the various assemblies of the vehicle, maintaining their relatively correct positions and bearing various loads inside and outside the vehicle. The laminated glass 100 can be any of the laminated glass 100 described in the foregoing embodiments, thus possessing at least all the beneficial effects of the technical solutions in the foregoing embodiments. More specific descriptions can be found in the relevant content of the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the vehicle may be, but is not limited to, a sedan, a multi-purpose vehicle, a sports multi-purpose vehicle, an off-road vehicle, a pickup truck, a van, a bus, a truck, etc.

[0138] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0139] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "embodiment," "specific embodiment," and "example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0140] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laminated glass, characterized by, The laminated glass comprises: The glass body includes an outer glass plate, an adhesive layer, and an inner glass plate stacked together. The adhesive layer bonds the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate together. The glass body has a signal transmission area for the transmission of signals from the sensor. A first heating layer is disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. The first heating layer includes a transparent heating film made of carbon nanotube material. Along the thickness direction of the glass body, the orthogonal projection of the transparent heating film on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area, and the transparent heating film is used to generate heat when energized.

2. Laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The laminated glass further includes a first busbar, a second busbar, and a shielding layer; the first busbar and the second busbar are disposed between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate; the shielding layer is disposed on the surface of the outer glass plate facing the inner glass plate and / or at least one surface of the inner glass plate in the thickness direction, and at least shields the first busbar and the second busbar; The first busbar includes a first extension, and the second busbar includes a second extension. The first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in a preset direction and are electrically connected to the transparent heating film respectively. When the first busbar and the second busbar are connected to the power supply, the transparent heating film generates heat when energized.

3. Laminated glass according to claim 2, characterized in that The signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body located outside the signal transmission area, and the first extension and the second extension are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the first direction. Wherein, the power supply voltage is low voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

4. The laminated glass according to claim 3, wherein The distance c between the first extension and the second extension is less than the length a of the top edge along the second direction.

5. The laminated glass according to claim 2, wherein The signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body located outside the signal transmission area, and the first extension and the second extension are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction. The power supply voltage is high voltage, and the distance c between the first extension and the second extension is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

6. The laminated glass as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The signal transmission area includes a top edge and a bottom edge spaced apart along a first direction, the bottom edge being located on one side of the top edge near the center region of the glass body, the length a of the top edge along a second direction being less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; The shielding layer is also used to shield the area of ​​the glass body adjacent to the top edge and the area of ​​the glass body adjacent to the signal transmission area on opposite sides in the second direction, wherein the first extension and the second extension are spaced apart on opposite sides of the signal transmission area in the second direction. Wherein, the distance c1 between the first end of the first extension near the top edge and the first end of the second extension near the top edge is greater than the length a of the top edge along the second direction and less than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction, and the distance c2 between the second end of the first extension near the bottom edge and the second end of the second extension near the bottom edge is greater than the length b of the bottom edge along the second direction.

7. Laminated glass according to claim 3 or 4 or 6, characterized in that The power supply voltage ranges from 12V to 16V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film is less than 50ops.

8. The laminated glass according to claim 7, wherein The surface resistivity of the transparent heating film is less than 30 ops.

9. Laminated glass according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The power supply voltage ranges from 36V to 48V, and the surface resistance of the transparent heating film is greater than 50ops.

10. Laminated glass according to claim 9, characterized in that The sheet resistance of the transparent heating film is greater than 100 ops.

11. The laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein The first end of the first extension has a first distance d1 between the side of the first extension away from the signal transmission area and the first boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the first boundary is located on the side of the first extension away from the signal transmission area; The second end of the first extension has a second distance d2 between the side of the signal transmission area and the second boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the second boundary is located between the first extension and the signal transmission area; The first end of the second extension has a third distance d3 between the side of the signal transmission area away from the signal transmission area and the third boundary of the shielding layer in the second direction, and the third boundary is located on the side of the second extension away from the signal transmission area; The second end of the second extension has a fourth distance d4 in the second direction between the side of the signal transmission area and the fourth boundary of the shielding layer, and the fourth boundary is located between the second extension and the signal transmission area. Wherein, at least one of the first spacing d1, the second spacing d2, the third spacing d3, and the fourth spacing d4 is equal to a preset threshold.

12. Laminated glass according to claim 11, characterized in that The preset threshold value range is greater than or equal to 3mm.

13. Laminated glass according to claim 6 or 11 or 12, characterized in that The signal transmission area has a first side and a second side in the second direction. The first side is adjacent to the first extension, and the second side is adjacent to the second extension. The area between the first side and the first extension is defined as a first edge area, and the area between the second side and the second extension is defined as a second edge area. The distance L1 between the first end of the first extension and the corresponding end of the first side is greater than the distance L2 between the second end of the first extension and the corresponding end of the first side. The transparent heating film covers the first edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film covering the first edge area is provided with a hollow pattern. And / or, the distance L3 between the first end of the second extension and the corresponding end of the second side is greater than the distance L4 between the second end of the second extension and the corresponding end of the second side. The transparent heating film covers the second edge area, and the portion of the transparent heating film covering the second edge area is provided with a hollow pattern. The hollow pattern includes multiple hollow holes, which are selected from one or a combination of at least two of the following: circular holes, elliptical holes, and polygonal holes.

14. Laminated glass according to claim 13, characterized in that Along the second direction, the cutout area of ​​the transparent heating film near the signal transmission area is smaller than the cutout area of ​​the transparent heating film away from the signal transmission area; Alternatively, along the first direction, the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the top edge is larger than the perforated area of ​​the portion of the transparent heating film near the bottom edge.

15. Laminated glass according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The first extension is located on the side of the bottom edge away from the top edge, the second extension is located on the side of the top edge away from the bottom edge, and the length of the second extension along the second direction is less than the length of the first extension along the second direction; The second busbar also includes two stepped sections, which are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the second extension in the second direction; Each of the stepped portions includes one or more stepped segments, each stepped segment having a U-shaped structure and an extension length along the second direction less than 1 / 2 of the length of the second extension portion along the second direction, the opening end of each stepped segment facing away from the signal transmission area, the multiple stepped segments being distributed at intervals between the first extension portion and the second extension portion along the first direction and connected end to end in sequence, the opening ends of the multiple stepped segments being flush or nearly flush; along the direction of the second extension portion closer to the first extension portion, the length of the multiple stepped segments along the second direction decreases sequentially.

16. The laminated glass of claim 1, wherein The first heating layer further includes a substrate, and the transparent heating film is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate facing the outer glass plate, or the transparent heating film is fixedly disposed on the surface of the substrate facing the inner glass plate.

17. Laminated glass according to claim 16, characterized in that The transparent heating film is deposited directly on the surface of the substrate by chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition.

18. The laminated glass of claim 17, wherein The transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method.

19. The laminated glass of claim 16, wherein The first heating layer further includes a protective film made of polymer material, which covers the surface of the transparent heating film opposite to the substrate.

20. The laminated glass of claim 16, wherein The material of the substrate is selected from at least one of PET, PVB, PC and modified CPI, and / or the thickness of the substrate is from 10 μm to 500 μm.

21. Laminated glass according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that The adhesive layer has a receiving groove, and the orthographic projection of the receiving groove on the glass body at least covers the signal transmission area. The first heating layer is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove.

22. The laminated glass of claim 21, wherein The adhesive layer includes a first sub-adhesive layer and a second sub-adhesive layer stacked on top of each other. The first sub-adhesive layer includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second sub-adhesive layer includes a third adhesive surface and a fourth adhesive surface facing away from each other. The second adhesive surface and the third adhesive surface are bonded together. The outer glass plate is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate is bonded to the fourth adhesive surface. Wherein, the first sub-adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, or the second sub-adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface; or, the first sub-adhesive layer has a first sub-receiving groove formed from the second adhesive surface, and the second sub-adhesive layer has a second sub-receiving groove formed from the third adhesive surface, wherein the second sub-receiving groove is directly opposite to the first sub-receiving groove and together constitutes the receiving groove.

23. The laminated glass of claim 21, wherein the interlayer is a polymer interlayer. The adhesive layer is a single layer, which includes a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface that are opposite to each other. The outer glass plate is bonded to the first adhesive surface, and the inner glass plate is bonded to the second adhesive surface. The adhesive layer has the receiving groove formed on either the first adhesive surface or the second adhesive surface.

24. Laminated glass according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that The laminated glass also includes an optical adhesive layer that bonds the bottom of the receiving groove and the surface of the first heating layer facing the bottom of the groove together.

25. The laminated glass of claim 1, wherein The signal transmission area is used to transmit signals from optical cameras or 905nm band lidar signals, and the adhesive layer is made of PVB. Alternatively, the signal transmission area is used to transmit a 1550nm band lidar signal, and the adhesive layer is made of EVA.

26. A method of making laminated glass, characterized by, The manufacturing method includes: An adhesive layer is provided, and a receiving groove is formed in a predetermined area of ​​the adhesive layer; A substrate is provided, and a transparent heating film of carbon nanotube material is deposited on one surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate and the transparent heating film constitute a first heating layer; The first heating layer is fixedly disposed in the receiving groove of the adhesive layer, and the transparent heating film at least covers the signal transmission area; An outer glass plate and an inner glass plate are provided, and the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are respectively stacked on opposite sides of the adhesive layer, and then the plates are laminated to obtain laminated glass.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein The transparent heating film is directly deposited on the surface of the substrate using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method.

28. A vehicle characterized by The vehicle includes a frame and laminated glass as described in any one of claims 1 to 25, the frame being used to carry the laminated glass; The vehicle also includes sensors located inside the vehicle, which are positioned opposite to the signal transmission area.

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