A device for safe transportion of partially spent / spent fumigant

Abstract

A device (100) for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant (10) and for fumigation is disclosed The device (100) is defined with a chamber (2). The device (100) includes one or more cages (1) enclosed in the chamber (2). The cages (1) are configured to feed / place partially spent / spent fumigant (10). The device (100) further includes a fluid dispensing unit (3). The fluid dispensing unit (3) is fluidically coupled to the chamber (2). The fluid dispensing unit (3) is configured to dispense air across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). In addition, the device (100) include a scrubber (4). The scrubber (4) is fluidically connected to the chamber (2). The scrubber (4) is configured to include at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent, to absorb or adsorb phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). Further, a method (200) for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant in the device (100) is also disclosed.

Description

[0001] “A DEVICE FOR SAFE TRANSPORTATION OF PARTIALLY SPENT / SPENT FUMIGANT” TECHNOLOGICAL FIELD

[0002]

[0001] The present disclosure, in general, relates to the field of devices for transportation of partially spent / spent fumigant. More particularly, embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a device and a method for transportation of spent / partially spent fumigant.

[0003] BACKGROUND

[0004]

[0002] Metal Phosphides are employed as fumigant(s) over past few decades. Further, the metal phosphides (by wt. proportion) generally include an active ingredient such as, but not limited to, aluminium, magnesium and calcium phosphides, which are in the form of tablets, pellets, bags, plates or any other forms. In a unit mass quantity of the metal phosphide, the active ingredient may constitute around 56% to 66%. Such active ingredient of the metal phosphides upon exposure to (or contact with) moisture tends to release phosphine gas along with other gases, which generally is toxic in nature. In consideration of such toxicity of released gas, application of the metal phosphides as fumigant is limited.

[0005]

[0003] Fumigant (i.e., metal phosphide) after being used for fumigation (i.e., upon exposure and / or interaction with the moisture releases phosphine gas along with other associated gases), tends to leave behind a residue which is generally referred to as a spent or a partially spent fumigant. Such spent or partially spent fumigant needs to be transported from customer’s site (or from a site where it is used) to a disposal site. The spent / partially spent fumigant due to presence of the active ingredient tends to continue emitting gases including the phosphine gas, during transport. Due to such emission of the phosphine gas, it would not be recommended to transport the spent / partially spent fumigant in an enclosed container, for long distances. In addition, phosphine concentration exceeds above a safe threshold value, termed as Lower Explosive Limit (LEL). Such buildup of the phosphine gasconcentration above the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) tends to be hazardous and cause combustion and / or explosion. To avoid such scenarios, conventionally, the spent / partially spent fumigant is transported in well-ventilated containers during transport. Since the spent / partially spent fumigant (residue) is still emitting phosphine, it has the potential to cause environmental hazards. It is therefore, of utmost importance to transport spent / partially spent metal phosphides after fumigation in a closed chamber without hazard of explosion.

[0006]

[0004] In addition, it can be understood that due to the inherent risk associated with release of the phosphine gas, transport of the spent / partially spent fumigant from a customer site to a disposal site, could pose challenges to pollution-free disposal.

[0007]

[0005] Accordingly, there exists a need for overcoming one or more limitations stated above or any other limitations associated with safe transportation of unreacted metal phosphide residue, from customer site to disposal site. The present disclosure is directed at overcoming one or more limitations stated above or any other limitations associated with conventional arts relating to transport of unreacted metal phosphide.

[0008]

[0006] The information disclosed in this background of the disclosure section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0009] SUMMARY

[0010]

[0007] One or more shortcomings of the conventional arts relating to transport of unreacted metal phosphide is overcome by a device and a method as claimed and additional advantages are provided through said device and method as claimed in the present disclosure.

[0011]

[0008] In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, “a device for transportation of partially spent / spent fumigant”, which is also referred to as the‘device’ hereinafter, is disclosed. The device includes or is defined with a chamber. The device includes one or more cages enclosed in the chamber configured to feed or place the partially spent / spent fumigant. The device further includes a fluid dispensing unit. The fluid dispensing unit is fluidically coupled to the chamber. The fluid dispensing unit is configured to dispense air across the partially spent / spent fumigant. The device further includes a scrubber. The scrubber is fluidically connected to the chamber. The scrubber includes at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent, that absorbs or adsorbs phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant.

[0012]

[0009] In an embodiment, the fluid dispensing unit is a blower configured to blow air into the chamber, across the partially spent / spent fumigant.

[0013]

[0010] In an embodiment, the fluid dispensing unit is a suction unit configured to draw in air from the chamber, across the partially spent / spent fumigant.

[0014] [OH] In an embodiment, at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent includes at least one of an activated charcoal, zeolite, potassium permanganate, or silver nitrate.

[0015]

[0012] In an embodiment, the partially spent / spent fumigant is at least one of a spent fumigant or a partially spent fumigant.

[0016]

[0013] In an embodiment, the scrubber includes at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent, that absorbs or adsorbs the phosphine gas. The phosphine-free gas is then released in the atmosphere.

[0017]

[0014] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant in a device of the present disclosure is provided. The method includes feeding or placing the partially spent / spent fumigant in one or more cages enclosed in a chamber of the device. The method further includes dispensing fluid across the partially spent / spent fumigant in the chamber by a fluid dispensing unit. The fluid dispensing unit being fluidly coupled to the chamber. The fluid dispensing unit blows air into the chamber, and the phosphinegas generated is routed towards a scrubber. The scrubber is fluidically connected to chamber, to absorb or adsorb the phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant. The scrubber is configured to include at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent, for scrubbing the phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant.

[0018]

[0015] In an embodiment, dispensing the fluid includes blowing of air by the fluid dispensing unit into the chamber, across the partially spent / spent fumigant.

[0019]

[0016] In an embodiment, dispensing the fluid includes drawing of air by the fluid dispensing unit from the chamber, across the partially spent / spent fumigant.

[0020]

[0017] The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.

[0021] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022]

[0018] The novel features and characteristics of the disclosure are set forth in the description. The disclosure itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives, and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. One or more embodiments are now described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals represent like elements and in which:

[0023]

[0019] Figure l is a block diagram of a device for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant, in accordance with an example of the present disclosure;

[0024]

[0020] Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of the device for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant, in accordance with another example of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 3 illustrates an elevation view of the device of the present disclosure, in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure;

[0025]

[0022] Figures 4 and 5 illustrate a side view and a top view, respectively, of the device of the Figure 3;

[0026]

[0023] Figure 6 illustrates the device of the present disclosure, in accordance with another implementation;

[0027]

[0024] Figure 7 illustrates the device of the present disclosure, in accordance with a further implementation;

[0028]

[0025] Figure 8 illustrates a flowchart of a method for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant in the device of the present disclosure;

[0029]

[0026] Figure 9 illustrates the device in accordance with a further implementation of the present disclosure;

[0030]

[0027] Figure 10 illustrates the device in accordance with a further implementation of the device of Figure 9; and

[0031]

[0028] Figure 11 illustrates the device in accordance with a further implementation of the device of Figure 10.

[0032]

[0029] Figure 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method for fumigation in the device of the present disclosure;

[0033]

[0030] The figures depict embodiments of the disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the frame illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.

[0034] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] While the disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in Figures 1 to 12 and will be described in detail below. It should be understood, however, that it is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the disclosure is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0035]

[0032] In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments, the embodiments will be described more comprehensively below with reference to relevant drawings. Various implementations of the embodiments are given in the drawings. However, the embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and are not limited to the implementations described herein. Conversely, these implementations are provided so that the embodiments herein are understood more thoroughly and comprehensively.

[0036]

[0033] Before describing detailed embodiments, it may be observed that the novelty and inventive step that are in accordance with the present disclosure reside in a method and a device for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant, as described in the present disclosure. It is to be noted that a person skilled in the art can be motivated from the present disclosure and modify the various constructions of the device for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant. However, such modification should be construed within the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings are showing only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present disclosure so as not to obscure the disclosure with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein.

[0037]

[0034] In the present disclosure, the term “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration”. Any embodiment or implementation of the present subject matter described herein as “exemplary” is not necessary to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0035] The term like “at least one” and “one or more” may be used interchangeably or in combination throughout the description.

[0038]

[0036] The terms “comprises”, “comprising”, or any other variations thereof used in the disclosure, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that an apparatus, device, assembly, mechanism, system, and method that comprises a list of components does not include only those components but may include other components not expressly listed or inherent to such apparatus, system, assembly, or device. In other words, one or more elements in a system proceeded by “comprises... a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the device or system or apparatus or method.

[0039]

[0037] Embodiments of the present disclosure discloses a ‘device for transportation of partially spent / spent fumigant’ also referred to as the ‘device’ hereinafter. The device is defined with a chamber. The device includes one or more cages enclosed in the chamber configured to feed / place partially spent / spent fumigant. The device further includes a fluid dispensing unit. The fluid dispensing unit is fluidically coupled to the chamber. The fluid dispensing unit is configured to dispense air across the partially spent / spent fumigant. The device further includes a scrubber. The scrubber is fluidically connected to the chamber. The scrubber is configured to include at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent, to absorb or adsorb phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant. Further, the embodiments of the present disclosure also relate to a method for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant in the device of the present disclosure.

[0040]

[0038] The term “Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)” as used in the present disclosure is defined as minimum percent by volume of a gas which, when mixed with air at normal and / or ambient temperature and pressure, will form an explosive / flammable mixture. At concentrations below the LEL, chemical reaction is regulated for combustion and / or explosion. The LEL is equivalent to LFL, i.e. Lower Flammable Limit, based on requirements, where such values of LEL or LFL is defined as a regulatory requirement based on jurisdiction of use / application.

[0039] Reference will now be made to the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Whenever possible, the same numerals will be used to refer to the same or like parts. Embodiments of the disclosure are described in the following paragraphs with reference to Figures 1 to 12. In Figures 1 to 12, the same element or elements which have the same functions are indicated by the same reference signs.

[0041]

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of “a device (100) for transportation of partially spent / spent fumigant” (10) [which is also referred to as the ‘device’ hereinafter], in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In the illustrative implementation, the device (100) is employed for transporting the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) from one location to another. Further referring to Figure 1, the device (100) includes a chamber (2). While the Figure 1 depicts the device (100) as having one chamber (2), it is to be understood that the chamber (2) can be configured to include one or more cages (1) for feeding or placing the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). The cage (1) may be defined by partitioning the chamber (2) into one or more partitions. The device (100) may be structured as an air tight device, to prevent escape of phosphine gas to atmosphere, before being filtered.

[0042]

[0041] Further, the chamber (2) is configured to transport partially spent / spent fumigant (10). That is, the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) is fed / placed within the one or more cages (1) for transport. The partially spent / spent fumigant (10) is at least one of a partially spent fumigant or a spent fumigant [as depicted in the Figure 1], and is also referred to as the ‘residue’ hereinafter. The ‘residue’ is generally comprised of metal phosphides such as, but not limited to, aluminium phosphide, magnesium phosphide or calcium phosphides, which may be in the form of tablets, pellets, bags, plates or any other forms.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 again, the device (100) further includes a fluid dispensing unit (3). The fluid dispensing unit (3) is fluidically coupled to the chamber (2), and in-turn to the cages (1). The fluid dispensing unit (3) is configured to dispense air across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). In one embodiment, the fluid dispensing unit (3) is operable as a blower configured to blow air into the chamber (2), across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). In another embodiment, the fluid dispensing unit (3) is operable as a suction unit [also referred to as ‘suction unit’], configured to draw in air from the chamber (2), across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). In another implementation, a combination of two blowers may be employed, to blow air over and across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) contained in the cages (1). In the illustrative embodiment, the fluid dispensing unit (3) is depicted and described independently of being one of the blower and the suction unit that is adaptably coupled to the device (100) for dispensing air across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) being contained therein. It is not to be construed as a limitation that the fluid dispensing unit (3) cannot be used in combination of the blower and the suction unit being coupled to the device (100) for selectively dispensing air across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10).

[0043]

[0043] Continuing reference to the Figure 1, the device (100) further includes a scrubber (4). The scrubber (4) is fluidically connected to the chamber (2). The scrubber (4) may be fluidically connected to chamber (2) by one or more conduits. The scrubber (4) is configured to receive phosphine gas [denoted as ‘phosphine gas’ 12 in the Figure 1] emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). The gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) from the chamber (2) is routed towards the scrubber (4). In an embodiment, the scrubber (4) may be mounted separately away from the chamber (2), and may be connected to the chamber (2) with a conduit such as a rigid or a flexible pipe. The scrubber (4) includes at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent, to absorb or adsorb phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). The absorbent or the adsorbent may be in any suitable form, with higher surface area for facilitating absorption or adsorption.The scrubber (4) including at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent is configured to absorb or adsorb phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). The scrubber (4) includes at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent such as, but not limited to an activated charcoal, zeolite, potassium permanganate, or silver nitrate. The absorbent comprised in the scrubber (4) absorbs the emitted phosphine gas. In an embodiment, the adsorbent included in the scrubber (4) adsorbs the emitted phosphine gas. In an embodiment, the scrubber (4) may include only the absorbent. In another embodiment, the scrubber (4) may only include the adsorbent. The air including the phosphine gas, subsequent to passing through the scrubber (4), is adapted to be including minimal to no quantity of the phosphine (i.e., substantially free from the phosphine gas) being emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). Such phosphine-free gas [also interchangeably referred to as ‘phosphine-free air’ in the present disclosure], which is denoted as ‘clean air’ (11), is then vented to atmosphere. The configuration of the device (100) provides continuous filtration of the phosphine gas from air blown through the chamber (2) including residue, whereby maintaining the phosphine level in the chamber (2) below the lower explosive limit (LEL), for prolonged duration is achieved.

[0044]

[0044] In one implementation, the device (100) is adapted to be portable, where such device (100) is configured to be mounted on a vehicle such as, but not limited to, a truck, a four wheeler, a commercial transport vehicle, and the like, for transportation of partially spent / spent fumigant (10). In another implementation, the device (100) may be defined / structured integrally with a chassis of the vehicle, and may be connectable to one or more wheels for transportation.

[0045]

[0045] In another implementation, the device (100) is adapted for a non-portable application / use. The device (100) is configured to be stationary while being placed at a suitable location. The device (100) includes chamber (2). The partially spent / spent fumigant (10) is disposed into the one or more cages (1) enclosed in the chamber (2). The phosphine gas released from the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) is passed to the scrubber (4), where the toxicity of the gas is removed. Further, the phosphine-free gas will be released to the atmosphere. The device (100)configured to be stationary may not be configured for storing the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) inside the chamber (2). Rather, the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) disposed in the chamber (2) is continuously treated by passing the phosphine gas through the scrubber (4) and subsequently released to atmosphere.

[0046]

[0046] Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of the device (100) of the present disclosure, in accordance with one implementation. The device (100) includes the chamber (2). The one or more cages (1) are enclosed in chamber [not visible in Figure 2], The one or more cages (1) of the chamber (2) includes the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) disposed therein. The device (100) further includes the fluid dispensing unit (3) fluidically connected to the chamber (2). The device (100) includes a first sensor configured to measure temperature of air supplied by the fluid dispensing unit, where the air outlet temperature is denoted by T1. The device (100) further includes a flow meter (8) provided in a conduit fluidically connecting the chamber (2) to the fluid dispensing unit (3). The flow meter (8) is configured to measure rate of flow of air supplied by the fluid dispensing unit (3), towards the chamber (2).

[0047]

[0047] Continuing reference to the Figure 2, the device (100) includes a second sensor interfaced with one or more cages (1) of the chamber (2). The second sensor is configured to measure temperature of air within the one or more cages (1) of the chamber (2), which is denoted by ‘T2’. Such measurement of ‘T2’ is helpful in monitoring and regulating temperature within the chamber (2), so as not to exceed a predetermined safe threshold temperature. The temperature T2 within the chamber (2) may also be regulated by varying temperature ‘Tl’ of air supplied from the fluid dispensing unit (3).

[0048]

[0048] The device (100) is further fluidically connected to the scrubber (4) through another conduit. Said another conduit is provided with a phosphine sensor (9) [also called as ‘PFF sensor’], for monitoring levels of the phosphine gas flowing towards the scrubber (4). A point on said conduit where level / concentration of the phosphine gas is measured is denoted by ‘Pl’ in the Figure 2. Further, the scrubber (4) includesa third sensor [not seen in figures] configured to measure temperature of air (including the phosphine gas) flowing through the scrubber (4), which is denoted by ‘T3’. The scrubber (4) includes scrubbing agent such as activated charcoal, for adsorbing or absorbing the phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). The scrubber (4) further includes a fourth temperature sensor for measuring temperature of the absorbent / adsorbent disposed at bottom of the scrubber (4). The scrubber (4) further includes a fifth temperature sensor, for measuring temperature of the absorbent / adsorbent located at top portion of the scrubber (4). The fourth temperature sensor and the fifth temperature sensor facilitate continuous monitoring and measurement of temperature of the scrubbing agent [i.e., the absorbent / adsorbent] contained in the scrubber (4). The scrubber (4) further includes a perforated plate (7) [where such perforated plate may be formed integral to the scrubber (4)] for routing of the air incoming from the chamber (2), towards the activated charcoal contained in the scrubber (4). The air passing through the scrubber (4) is removed of the phosphine gas, and is vented to atmosphere. Such air passing through the scrubber (4) is denoted by ‘11’ in Figure 2, and the device (100) further includes a sixth sensor configured to measure temperature of such air (11) outgoing from the scrubber (4), and in-tum the device (100).

[0049]

[0049] Constructional aspects of the device (100) is now described with reference to the Figures 3 to 5. The Figure 3 illustrates an elevation view of the device (100) of the present disclosure, in accordance with another implementation. Further, the Figures 4 and 5 illustrate a side view and a top view, respectively, of the device (100) of the Figure 3. As can be seen in the Figure 3, the device (100) is defined with a plurality of inlets (5). As can be seen in the Figures 4 and 5, the device (100) includes three number of inlets (5), where such inlets (5) are connected to the one or more cages (1) of the chamber (2). As can be seen in the Figures 3 and 4, the device (100) includes a chamber (2) which in turn encloses one or more cages (1).

[0050] Referring to Figure 3 again, the device (100) further includes the fluid dispensing unit (3) fluidically connected to the plurality of inlets (5), and thereby to the cages (1) of the chamber (2). The fluid dispensing unit (3) is one of the blower, which is configured to blow air at a predetermined flow rate into the chamber (2). Said predetermined flow rate may include regulated flow of air at predefined pressure, speed and intervals. The one or more cages (1) enclosed in the chamber (2) is structured to feed / place the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) [i.e., referred to as ‘residue’ based on partially spent / spent fumigant produced after fumigation process] therein. The blown air supplied by the fluid dispensing unit (3) is adapted to carry the phosphine gas [i.e., emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10)] towards the scrubber (4). The scrubber (4) includes the activated charcoal as the scrubbing agent, for removal of phosphine gas from the air incoming from the chamber (2). The scrubber (4) includes a first perforated plate (7). The first perforated plate (7) is provided at the bottom of the scrubber (4) including the absorbent / adsorbent. The first perforated plate (7) is configured to route the air incoming from the chamber (2) towards the activated charcoal. The air passing through the scrubber (4) gets cleaned and is removed of phosphine gas. Further, a second perforated plate (7) is provided at top of the scrubber (4). The second perforated plate (7) is configured to route the clean air towards an outlet (6) of the device (100), in order to be vented to the atmosphere.

[0050]

[0051] Figures 6 illustrates the device (100) in accordance with yet another implementation of the present disclosure. The device (100) of the Figure 6 includes the fluid dispensing unit (3) provided at the top of the chamber (2). The fluid dispensing unit (3) is a suction unit, configured to draw air from the chamber (2). The phosphine gas, emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) is routed (by suction) towards the scrubber (4), for releasing the phosphine-free gas into the atmosphere. In comparison with the previous embodiment of the Figures 3 to 5, the fluid dispensing unit (3) of the device (100) of Figure 6 is the suction unit. Further, rest of the features and operational aspects of the device (100) of the Figure 6, issimilar to the features and operational aspects of the device (100) of the Figures 3 to 5.

[0051]

[0052] Figure 7 illustrates the device (100) in accordance with a further implementation of the present disclosure. The device (100) of Figure 7 includes a first fluid dispensing unit (3a) provided at the bottom of the chamber (2), and connected to the plurality of inlets (5), and a second fluid dispensing unit (3b) provided at an interface region between of the one or more chambers (2) and the scrubber (4). The first fluid dispensing unit (3a) is operable similar to a blower, and is configured to blow air at a predetermined flow rate, into the chamber (2). The second fluid dispensing unit (3b) is also operable similar to a blower, configured to draw air from the chamber (2) and blow the drawn air towards the scrubber (4). The phosphine gas, emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) is routed towards the scrubber (4), for releasing the phosphine-free gas into the atmosphere. Further, rest of the features and operational aspects of the device (100) of Figure 7, is similar to the features and operational aspects of the device (100) of the Figures 3 to 6. The embodiment of the device (100) of the Figure 7 may have higher filtration efficiency by virtue of higher fluid flow rate facilitated by the fluid dispensing unit (3).

[0052]

[0053] Figure 8 illustrates a flowchart of a method (200) for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant (10) in the device (100) of the present disclosure. The method (200) includes the step 201 of disposing the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) in one or more cages (1) enclosed in a chamber (2) defined in the device (100). The method (200) further includes the step 202 of blowing air by a fluid dispensing unit (3) into the chamber (2). The fluid dispensing unit (3) is fluidly coupled to the chamber (2). The method (200) further includes the step 203 of routing of phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) towards the scrubber (4) and absorbing or adsorbing phosphine gas by a scrubber (4). The scrubber (4) is fluidically connected to the chamber (2) to at least one of absorb or adsorb the phosphine gas. The scrubber (4) is configured to include at least one of an absorbentor an adsorbent. The method (200) further includes the step 204 of absorbing or adsorbing the phosphine gas by the scrubber (4), and the step 205 includes releasing the phosphine-free -gas into the atmosphere from the scrubber (4).

[0053]

[0054] In one implementation of the method (200), dispensing the fluid includes blowing of air by the fluid dispensing unit (3) into the chamber (2), across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10). In another implementation of the method (200), dispensing the fluid includes drawing of air by the fluid dispensing unit (3) from the chamber (2).

[0054]

[0055] Figure 9 illustrates the device (100) in accordance with a further implementation of the present disclosure. The device (100) includes the fluid dispensing unit (3) provided at the bottom of the chamber (2), and connected to the plurality of inlets (5). Unlike the previous embodiments, the device (100) does not include the scrubber (4). However, rest of the aspects remain same as previous embodiments. The chamber (2) includes one or more cages (1) accommodated therein. Further, the fumigant (10a) [which may be a fumigant with fully active ingredient; referred to as ‘10a’] is filled within the one or more cages (1). The fluid dispensing unit (3) is the blower configured to blow air across the fumigant (10a) in the chamber through the plurality of air inlets (5). In the device of Figure 9, the phosphine gas generated is routed towards a fumigation structure (14) through flexible conduits or may be recycled by re-routing the phosphine gas towards the cages (1).

[0055]

[0056] Figure 10 illustrates the device (100) in accordance with a further implementation of the device of Figure 9. The device (100) includes a fluid dispensing unit (3) provided at the top of the chamber (2) as suction unit. It also includes a plurality of inlets (5). Similar to the embodiment of Figure 9, the device (100) does not include the scrubber (4). However, rest of the aspects remain same as that of the device of Figure 9. The suction unit sucks the air containing phosphine gas from the chamber (2). As the device (100) of Figure 10, does not incorporatethe scrubber (4) the phosphine gas emitted by the fumigant (10a) is not filtered. Accordingly, the air drawn by the suction unit picks up phosphine from the fumigant which is delivered to a fumigation structure (14) for fumigation.

[0056]

[0057] Figure 11 illustrates the device (100) in accordance with a further implementation of the device of Figure 10. Similar to the embodiment of Figures 9 and 10, the device (100) does not include the scrubber (4). However, rest of the aspects remain same as that of the device of Figures 9 and 10. The fluid dispensing unit (3) of the Figure 11 is a suction unit. The suction unit is fluidically connected to a fumigation structure (14), as shown in Figure 11. Upon completion of fumigation in the fumigation structure, the air including phosphine gas is directed to one or more openings (13) provided at a bottom of the chamber (2), to be rerouted into the chamber (2). Accordingly, the phosphine gas is prevented from being released into the atmosphere as well from being wasted.

[0057]

[0058] Figure 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method (300) for fumigation in a device (100), the method (300) comprising: placing, the fumigant (10a) in one or more cages (1) enclosed in a chamber (2) of the device (100); dispensing, fluid across the fumigant (10a) in the chamber (2) by a fluid dispensing unit (3), wherein the fluid dispensing unit (3) being fluidly coupled to the chamber (2); routing, phosphine gas emitted by the fumigant (10a), towards the fumigation structure (14).

[0058]

[0059] The device (100) of the present disclosure facilitates safe transportation of partially spent / spent fumigant (10) (metal phosphides) in closed chamber. Conventionally, spent / partially spent fumigant is transported to fumigators warehouse, and the transport time does not exceed 8 hours. However, in situations requiring prolonged transport durations, for instance when exceeding 8 hours, the device (100) of the present invention provides a viable and safe alternative. The device (100) of the present disclosure has therefore made it possible to transport spent / partially spent fumigant (10) in a closed chamber without hazard of explosion and allows adsorbing / ab sorbing phosphine gas in the scrubber (4) without creating any environment hazard. The device (100) of the presentdisclosure facilitates safe transportation of the metal phosphide from customer’s site to disposal site, without requiring intermittent storage in fumigators warehouse. The present disclosure provides a device (100) that is simple in construction, easy to operate, reliable, cost-effective and environmentally safe.

[0059]

[0060] In one implementation of the device (100), the device (100) may include a control unit operable by a control panel provided therewith. The control panel may be configured to provide an interface for operation of the device (100) based on operational and user requirements for safe transportation of partially spent / spent fumigant (10). Further, the control unit may be configured to automate operation of the device (100) for safe transportation of the device (100).

[0060] EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES

[0061]

[0061] First Trial Set : Trials summary for scrubbing of Phosphine [also referred as to ‘PEL’] gas generated from spent / partially spent aluminium phosphide in activated charcoal

[0062] Scrubber size: 44 x 20 x 7.5 cm

[0063] Ambient Temp: 25-27° C

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[0065]

[0066]

[0062] The above table is a trial summary for scrubbing of Phosphine gas generated from spent / partially spent aluminium phosphide in activated charcoal. The trial numbers 1 to 5, listed in table above, are further detailed below.

[0067] Trial No. 1

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[0075]

[0063] In trial no. 1, aluminium phosphide tablet was decomposed in fume chamber at ambient condition for 3 days. After decomposition, all residue were kept in cloth bag, bags were further kept in scrubber. Air from compressor was passed from material to expell the generated phosphine gas passing through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. The Phosphine concentration and temperature were noted. Weight of decomposed material: 485 gms

[0076] Active Ingredient (A.I.) content at start of experiment: 9.11%

[0077] Scrubber Size: 44 x 20 x 7.5cm

[0078] Air flow: 45-50 LPM

[0079] Ambient Temp: 25-27°CTrial No.2

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[0086]

[0064] In Trial No. 2, aluminium phosphide tablet was decomposed in fume chamber at ambient condition for 3 days. After decomposition, all residue were kept in cloth bag, bags were further kept in scrubber. Air from compressor was passed from material to expell the generated phosphine gas passing through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. The Phosphine concentration and temperature were noted. Weight of decomposed material: 492 gms

[0087] Active Ingredient (A.I.) content at start of experiment: 9.56%

[0088] Scrubber Size: 44 x 20 x 7.5cm

[0089] Air flow: 45-50 LPM

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] Trial No.3

[0093]

[0094]

[0065] In Trial No. 3, aluminium phosphide tablet was decomposed in fume chamber at ambient condition for 3 days. After decomposition, all residue were kept in cloth bag, bags were further kept in scrubber. Air from compressor was passed from material to expell the generated phosphine gas passing through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. The Phosphine concentration and temperature were noted. Weight of decomposed material: 492 gms

[0095] Active Ingredient (A.I.) content at start of experiment: 6.23%

[0096] Scrubber Size: 44 x 20 x 7.5cm

[0097] Air flow: 45-50 LPM

[0098] Ambient Temp: 25-27°C

[0099]

[0100] Trial No. 4

[0101]

[0102]

[0066] In Trial No. 4, aluminium phosphide tablet was decomposed in fume chamber at ambient condition for 3 days. After decomposition, all residue were kept in cloth bag, bags were further kept in scrubber. Air from compressor was passed from material to expell the generated phosphine gas passing through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. The Phosphine concentration and temperature were noted. Weight of decomposed material: 516 gms

[0103] A.I. content start of experiment: 6.05%

[0104] Scrubber Size: 44 x 20 x 7.5cm

[0105] Air flow: 45-50 LPM

[0106] Ambient Temp: 25-27°C

[0107]

[0108] Trial No. 5

[0109]

[0110]

[0067] In trial no. 5, aluminium phosphide tablet was decomposed in fume chamber at ambient condition for 3 days. After decomposition, all residue were kept in cloth bag, bags were further kept in scrubber. Air from compressor was passed from material to expell the generated phosphine gas passing through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. The Phosphine concentration and temperature were noted. Weight of decomposed material: 491 gms

[0111] A.I. content start of experiment : 3.86%

[0112] Scrubber Size: 44 x 20 x 7.5cm

[0113] Air flow: 45-50 LPM

[0114] Ambient Temp: 25-27°C

[0115]

[0068] Second Trial set: Trials for scrubbing of Phosphine gas in activated charcoal generated from spent / partially spent aluminium phosphide.

[0116] Scrubber Size ( x ht.) : 45cm x 30cm

[0117] Quantity of activated charcoal : 18kg

[0118] *Each bag is of 34 gms

[0119]

[0120]

[0069] The above table is a trial summary for scrubbing of Phosphine gas in activated charcoal generated from spent / partially spent aluminium phosphide. The trial numbers 6 to 11, listed in table above, are further detailed below.

[0121] Trial No. 6

[0122]

[0123]

[0070] In Trial No. 6, Aluminum Phosphide (A1P) bags was decomposed in open atmosphere. After decomposition, all bags were kept in closed chamber. The air waspassed through tank to expell the generated phosphine gas through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. Temperature & Phosphine concentration were noted down. Qty. of activated charcoal : 17.8 kgs

[0124] Scrubber Size ( x ht.) : 45cm x 30cm

[0125] Total Weight of sample with bags : 78.2 kgs

[0126] % of AI(AIP) in residue after decomposition : 9.80

[0127] Trial No.7

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[0071] In trial no. 7, Aluminum Phosphide (A1P) bags was decomposed in open atmosphere. After decomposition, all bags were kept in closed chamber. The air was passed through tank to expell the generated phosphine gas through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. Temperature & Phosphine concentration were noted down. Qty. of activated charcoal : 17.5 kgs

[0136] Scrubber Size ( x ht.) : 45cm x 30cm

[0137] Total Weight of sample with bags : 78.8 kgs

[0138] % of Al (A1P) in residue after decomposition : 10.3Trial No.: 8

[0139]

[0140]

[0072] In trial no. 8, Aluminum Phosphide (A1P) bags was decomposed in open atmosphere. After decomposition, all bags were kept in closed chamber. The air was passed through tank to expell the generated phosphine gas through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. Temperature & Phosphine concentration were noted down. Qty. of activated charcoal : 17.6 kgs

[0141] Scrubber Size ( x ht.) : 45cm x 30cm

[0142] Total Weight of sample with bags : 79.6 kgs

[0143] % of AI(AIP) in residue after decomposition : 5.96

[0144]

[0145] Trial No.: 9

[0146]

[0147]

[0073] In trial no. 9, Aluminum Phosphide (A1P) bags was decomposed in open atmosphere. After decomposition, all bags were kept in closed chamber. The air was passed through tank to expell the generated phosphine gas through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. Temperature & Phosphine concentration were noted down. Qty. of activated charcoal : 18.0 kgs

[0148] Scrubber Size ( x ht.) : 45cm x 30cm

[0149] Total Weight of sample with bags : 79.0 kgs

[0150] % of AI(AIP) in residue after decomposition : 5.95

[0151]

[0152] Trial No.: 10

[0153]

[0154]

[0074] In trial no. 10, Aluminum Phosphide (A1P) bags was decomposed in open atmosphere. After decomposition, all bags were kept in closed chamber. The air was passed through tank to expell the generated phosphine gas through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. Temperature & Phosphine concentration were noted down.

[0155] Qty. of activated charcoal : 17.5 kgs

[0156] Scrubber Size ( x ht.) : 45cm x 30cm

[0157] Total Weight of sample with bags : 82 kgs

[0158] % of AI(AIP) in residue after decomposition : 3.10

[0159]

[0160] Trial No.: 11

[0161]

[0162]

[0075] In trial no. 11, Aluminum Phosphide (A1P) bags was decomposed in open atmosphere. After decomposition, all bags were kept in closed chamber. The air was passed through tank to expell the generated phosphine gas through scrubber filled with activated charcoal. Temperature & Phosphine concentration were noted down. Qty. of activated charcoal : 18.0 kgs

[0163] Scrubber Size ( x ht.) : 45cm x 30cm

[0164] Total Weight of sample with bags : 80.2 kgs

[0165] % of Al (A1P) in residue after decomposition : 3.20

[0166] EQUIVALENTS

[0167]

[0076] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the artto practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.

[0168]

[0077] It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited to," etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding the description may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and / or "an" should typically be 12 interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in theart would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "AandB."

[0169]

[0078] The term “at least” used in the present disclosure signifies that, the present disclosure includes minimum of one element / component, and the present disclosure works for more than one of such an element / component. Further, the term ‘at least’ as used in the phrase “at least a portion of A” covers the aspects of either a portion of A or the entire portion of A. The same is applicable mutatis mutandis to sentences including or features referred to with ‘at least portion of....’.

[0170]

[0079] The term “substantially”, as used in the present disclosure, refers to magnitude of one quantity which is equal to, slightly lesser or slightly greater than the magnitude of other quantity that is considered for comparison.

[0171]

[0080] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and / or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

[0081] Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like that has been included in this specification is solely for the purpose of providing a context for the disclosure. It is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form a part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the disclosure as it existed anywhere before the priority date of this application.

[0172]

[0082] The numerical values mentioned for the various physical parameters, dimensions or quantities are only approximations and it is envisaged that the values higher / lower than the numerical values assigned to the parameters, dimensions or quantities fall within the scope of the disclosure, unless there is a statement in the specification specific to the contrary.

[0173]

[0083] REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0174]

[0175]

[0176]

Claims

We Claim:

1. A device (100) for transportation of partially spent / spent fumigant (10), the device (100) comprising:a chamber (2) configured to transport the partially spent / spent fumigant (10);one or more cages (1) enclosed in the chamber (2) to feed or place the partially spent / spent fumigant (10);a fluid dispensing unit (3) fluidically coupled to the chamber (2), the fluid dispensing unit (3) configured to dispense fluid across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10); anda scrubber (4) fluidically connected to the chamber (2), the scrubber (4) including at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent, configured to absorb or adsorb phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10).

2. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluid dispensing unit (3) is a blower configured to blow air into the chamber (2), across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10).

3. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluid dispensing unit (3) is a suction unit configured to draw in air from the chamber (2), across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10).

4. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent includes at least one of an activated charcoal, zeolite, potassium permanganate or silver nitrate.

5. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scrubber (4) including the at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent configured to absorb or adsorb phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10).

6. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scrubber (4) being positioned away from the chamber (2), and connected to the chamber (2) with a conduit.

7. A method (200) for transporting partially spent / spent fumigant (10) in a device (100), the method (200) comprising:placing, the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) in one or more cages (1) enclosed in a chamber (2) of the device (100);dispensing, fluid across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10) in the chamber (2) by a fluid dispensing unit (3), wherein the fluid dispensing unit (3) being fluidly coupled to the chamber (2);routing, phosphine gas emitted by the partially spent / spent fumigant (10), towards the scrubber (4), wherein the phosphine gas being routed by fluid dispensed by the fluid dispensing unit (3);absorbing or adsorbing the phosphine gas by the scrubber (4), wherein the scrubber (4) being fluidically connected to the chamber (2), and wherein the scrubber (4) including at least one of an absorbent or an adsorbent; andreleasing the phosphine-free gas into the atmosphere from the scrubber (4).

8. The method (200) as claimed in claim 7, wherein dispensing the fluid includes blowing of air by the fluid dispensing unit (3) into chamber (2), across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10).

9. The method (200) as claimed in claim 7, wherein dispensing the fluid includes drawing of air by the fluid dispensing unit (3) from the chamber (2), across the partially spent / spent fumigant (10).

10. A device (100) for fumigation, the device (100) comprising:a chamber (2);one or more cages (1) enclosed in the chamber (2) to feed or place fumigant (10a);a fluid dispensing unit (3) fluidically coupled to the chamber (2), the fluid dispensing unit (3) configured to dispense fluid across the fumigant (10a); anda fumigation structure (14) fluidically connected to the chamber (2), the fumigation structure (14) configured to receive phosphine gas emitted by the fumigant (10a).

11. The device (100) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the fumigation structure (14) is fluidically connected to the one or more openings (13) of the chamber (2), the one or more openings (13) configured to receive phosphine gas from the fumigation structure (14).

12. The device (100) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the chamber (2) is configured to recycle the phosphine gas received from the fumigation structure (14).

13. A method (300) for fumigation in a device (100), the method (300) comprising:placing, the fumigant (10a) in one or more cages (1) enclosed in a chamber (2) of the device (100);dispensing, fluid across the fumigant (10a) in the chamber (2) by a fluid dispensing unit (3), wherein the fluid dispensing unit (3) being fluidly coupled to the chamber (2);routing, phosphine gas emitted by the fumigant (10a), towards the fumigation structure (14).

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