Smoke exhaust flow guide cover, battery and electrical device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of battery safety, and provides a smoke exhaust flow guide cover, a battery and an electrical device. The smoke exhaust flow guide cover comprises a cover plate, first cover bodies and a second cover body; the cover plate is used for hermetically connecting to a battery pack, and the cover plate is provided with explosion-proof valve ports used for accommodating explosion-proof valves; the first cover bodies are connected to the cover plate and are in a one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof valve ports; each first cover body is provided with a first smoke exhaust port, and the first smoke exhaust ports are offset with respect to the explosion-proof valve ports; the second cover body is arranged on the side of the cover plate connected to the first cover bodies and covers the first cover bodies; the second cover body is provided with a second smoke exhaust port, and the second smoke exhaust port is offset with respect to the first smoke exhaust ports. By using the smoke exhaust flow guide cover in batteries, when the batteries are in thermal runaway, the smoke exhaust direction is changed, the exhaust path is extended, the resistance to which the smoke is subjected is increased, and the flow velocity and temperature of the smoke are reduced, such that it is less likely to produce an open flame with other combustibles after smoke exhaust, thus reducing damage to people and property.

Description

A smoke exhaust hood, battery and electrical equipment This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on January 9, 2025, with application number 2025200530656, entitled "A smoke exhaust hood, battery and electrical device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery safety technology, and in particular to a smoke exhaust shroud, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] The new energy industry is developing rapidly. With the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries, the energy density of lithium batteries is also increasing. However, when lithium batteries are subjected to compression, puncture, external short circuit, internal short circuit, overcharging, overheating, etc., thermal runaway of the battery can occur. When the battery is thermally runaway, a large amount of high-temperature high-speed fluid will be generated, and even fire may occur, causing loss of life and property.

[0003] The common solution to address battery thermal runaway is to install one or more explosion-proof vent valves at one or more ends of a single battery pack. When a cell inside the battery pack experiences thermal runaway for some reason, the high-temperature gas generated by the cell reaches the opening pressure of the explosion-proof vent valve, and the high-temperature gas will be discharged outside the battery pack through the explosion-proof vent valve.

[0004] However, when thermally runaway gas is ejected from the explosion-proof vent valve, the high-temperature fumes and combustibles can easily ignite at the vent valve. In new energy vehicles, if the battery pack's explosion-proof vent valve faces the passenger compartment, the ejected high-temperature fumes, combustibles, and even open flames can endanger the personal safety of the occupants. If there are other combustibles near the explosion-proof vent valve, they can ignite, causing a fire and resulting in significant property damage.

[0005] This application provides a smoke exhaust hood, a battery, and electrical equipment to reduce the probability of high-temperature smoke generated by battery thermal runaway producing open flames outside the explosion-proof valve, thereby reducing damage to personnel and property.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a smoke exhaust hood, including a cover plate, a first hood body, and a second hood body. The cover plate is used for a sealed connection with a battery pack and has an explosion-proof valve port for accommodating an explosion-proof valve. The first hood body is connected to the cover plate and corresponds one-to-one with the explosion-proof valve port. A first smoke exhaust port is provided on the first hood body, and the first smoke exhaust port is offset from the explosion-proof valve port. The second hood body is located on the side where the cover plate connects to the first hood body and covers the first hood body. A second smoke exhaust port is provided on the second hood body, and the second smoke exhaust port is offset from the first smoke exhaust port.

[0007] The smoke exhaust hood provided in the first aspect is installed on the battery pack. When a single battery cell in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature smoke, after being ejected from the explosion-proof valve, first enters the first hood. Because the first smoke exhaust port is misaligned with the explosion-proof valve port, the smoke will not be discharged directly from the first smoke exhaust port. Instead, it will collide with the inner wall of the first hood and flow a certain distance within the first hood before flowing out from the first smoke exhaust port. Because the second smoke exhaust port is misaligned with the first smoke exhaust port, the smoke, after flowing out from the first smoke exhaust port, will collide with the inner wall of the second hood and flow a certain distance within the second hood before finally being discharged from the second smoke exhaust port. In the above process, the exhaust direction of the smoke changes, the exhaust distance becomes longer, the resistance increases, and the flow speed and temperature of the smoke are significantly reduced. Combustible materials in the battery will settle, thus making it less likely for the smoke to ignite with other combustible materials outside the second smoke exhaust port, reducing damage to personnel and property.

[0008] In one possible design, the first smoke vent is located on the side of the first hood away from the cover plate, and the orientation of the second smoke vent is perpendicular to the orientation of the first smoke vent.

[0009] With the above-described design, based on the staggered arrangement of the first smoke exhaust outlet and the explosion-proof valve outlet, the smoke exhaust gas emitted from the explosion-proof valve has a relatively high velocity. After colliding with the inner wall of the first enclosure, it flows back, that is, it flows towards the cover plate. The first smoke exhaust outlet is located on the side of the first enclosure away from the cover plate, which can prolong the flow path of the smoke within the first enclosure and slow down the smoke exhaust gas velocity, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the smoke within the first enclosure. Since the side with the explosion-proof valve is usually installed horizontally when the battery is installed in the electrical device, meaning the first smoke exhaust outlet is also horizontal, this direction may be directly facing the crew compartment or other flammable materials. In other words, if the smoke is discharged directly from the first smoke exhaust outlet, it may cause damage to personnel or property. By setting up a second enclosure, with the second exhaust port facing perpendicular to the first exhaust port, the smoke emitted from the second exhaust port may be directed downwards. This utilizes the chimney effect to further reduce the speed of the high-temperature smoke within the second enclosure, thus lowering safety hazards. At the same time, since the smoke emitted from the second exhaust port is directed downwards, it is unlikely to be directly aimed at personnel or flammable materials, further reducing the probability of thermal runaway causing open flames and damaging personnel and property.

[0010] In one possible design, in any direction parallel to the cover plate, the first hood includes a wide area, a narrow area, and a transition area between the wide and narrow areas. The width of the wide area is greater than the width of the narrow area, and the width of the transition area gradually changes from the wide area to the narrow area. The explosion-proof valve port is directly opposite the wide area and / or the transition area, and the first smoke exhaust port is located in the narrow area. Herein, the width refers to the dimension of the first hood in the direction perpendicular to the cover plate.

[0011] With the above-mentioned design, the explosion-proof valve outlet is positioned directly opposite the wide zone and / or transition zone. This complicates the path of the flue gas as it travels from the explosion-proof valve to the first exhaust outlet. Turbulence and airflow vortices occur at locations where the flue gas flow direction or cross-sectional area changes significantly. Solid particles in the flue gas mainly settle and accumulate at these locations, thereby reducing the amount of solid particles discharged with the gas. Since solid particles contain a significant amount of combustible material, reducing the outflow of solid particles decreases the probability of open flames forming outside the second exhaust outlet, ensuring a certain level of personnel safety, preventing the combustion of other combustibles, and thus preventing a fire.

[0012] In one possible design, there is a predetermined distance between the first exhaust port and the sidewall of the narrow section away from the transition zone, so that the side of the narrow section away from the transition zone forms a settling zone, which is used to collect solid particles in the flue gas.

[0013] With the above scheme, a large amount of flue gas flows out from the first exhaust port, and the airflow velocity is relatively high. By maintaining a preset distance between the first exhaust port and the side wall of the narrow zone away from the transition zone, the solid particles in the settling zone are less likely to flow out from the first exhaust port with the flue gas, which is conducive to the collection of solid particles in the settling zone.

[0014] In one possible design, the side where the cover is located has a clearance groove for avoiding protruding structures on the battery pack.

[0015] With the above solution, the side of the battery pack usually has raised structures such as reinforcing ribs. By setting an avoidance groove on the side of the cover plate of the exhaust hood, it is possible to prevent the raised structures from interfering with the sealing connection between the cover plate and the side of the battery pack, and effectively prevent the smoke from the explosion-proof valve from directly entering the air outside the exhaust hood and generating an open flame.

[0016] Secondly, this application provides a battery, including a battery pack and a smoke exhaust hood as described in any of the above embodiments. A first side of the battery pack is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the smoke exhaust hood is provided on the side where the explosion-proof valve is located. The cover plate is sealed to the first side, and the explosion-proof valve port is sleeved on the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve.

[0017] With the above solution, the high-temperature flue gas generated during the thermal runaway of the battery pack is ejected from the explosion-proof valve. Inside the smoke exhaust hood, the exhaust direction of the flue gas changes, the exhaust path becomes longer, and the resistance increases. The flow speed and temperature of the flue gas are significantly reduced, making it less likely to generate open flames with other combustibles outside the smoke exhaust hood, thus reducing damage to personnel and property.

[0018] In one possible design, a sealing gasket is provided between the cover plate and the first side to achieve a sealed connection between the cover plate and the first side.

[0019] The above solution helps to further ensure the sealed connection between the cover plate and the first side of the battery pack, effectively preventing the smoke from the explosion-proof valve from directly entering the air outside the smoke exhaust hood and generating an open flame.

[0020] In one possible design, the angle between the shortest line connecting the edge of the first smoke outlet and the edge of the explosion-proof valve and the plane containing the end face of the explosion-proof valve is less than or equal to 30°.

[0021] With the above scheme, the specific discharge location of the flue gas from the explosion-proof valve is generally at the edge of the valve. Because the flue gas velocity is high during discharge, the angle between the discharge direction and the plane containing the end face of the explosion-proof valve is generally around 30°. By ensuring the position of the first exhaust port meets the above requirements, it is possible to prevent the flue gas ejected from the edge of the explosion-proof valve from being directly discharged from the first exhaust port. This ensures that a large amount of flue gas can be cooled and slowed down within the first enclosure, further preventing the generation of open flames and burns to personnel and property.

[0022] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical device including a battery compartment and a battery as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the battery is installed inside the battery compartment.

[0023] The above solutions improve the safety of electrical equipment, making it less likely to generate open flames due to battery thermal runaway, thus preventing personal injury and property damage.

[0024] In one possible design, when the electrical equipment is in use, the second exhaust port of the battery faces downwards.

[0025] With the above-mentioned solution, there are generally no people or objects under the battery. Therefore, the installation and setting of the battery in the electrical equipment can further improve the safety of the electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the smoke exhaust hood in one embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 2 is an exploded structural diagram of the smoke exhaust hood in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between part of the first cover and the cover plate in one embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of surface AA in Figure 1.

[0030] Figure 5 is an enlarged structural diagram of point B in Figure 4.

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the battery structure in one embodiment of this application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, smoke exhaust hood; 110, cover plate; 111, explosion-proof valve port; 120, first hood; 121, first smoke exhaust port; 122, wide zone; 123, transition zone; 124, narrow zone; 125, settling zone; 130, second hood; 131, second smoke exhaust port; 140, clearance groove; 200, battery pack; 300, explosion-proof valve. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0035] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0036] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0037] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the smoke exhaust hood, battery, or electrical equipment of this application. For example, in the description of this application, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application or in the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order, and may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0039] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more (including two groups).

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" or "linkage" in mechanical structures can refer to a physical connection, such as a fixed connection, for example, a connection secured by screws, bolts, or other spacers; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit ​​or interlocking connection; a physical connection can also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding, or integral molding. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. In circuit structures, "connection" or "linkage" can refer not only to a physical connection but also to an electrical connection or a signal connection. For example, it can be a direct connection, i.e., a physical connection, or an indirect connection through at least one intermediate component, as long as the circuit is connected; it can also refer to the internal connection of two components. Signal connection can refer not only to signal connection through a circuit but also to signal connection through a medium, such as radio waves. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Battery safety is particularly important during use, especially in new energy vehicles. However, in recent years, accidents such as vehicle fires caused by battery thermal runaway have occurred frequently. When a vehicle catches fire, it can easily cause burns to people or damage to property, resulting in personal injury or property loss to users.

[0042] In related technologies, the focus is usually on how to reduce battery thermal runaway; however, despite this, it is still difficult to completely avoid battery thermal runaway. In this case, it becomes particularly important to further reduce the chain reaction after thermal runaway and minimize the damage to people and property caused by thermal runaway.

[0043] Taking this as a starting point, the inventor discovered that batteries in related technologies usually have explosion-proof valves. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature fumes are ejected from the explosion-proof valve, which can easily produce open flames when they come into contact with flammable materials, thus burning people or damaging property. Therefore, one way to prevent injury to people or property is to reduce the probability of open flames produced by the fumes ejected from the explosion-proof valve.

[0044] In view of this, this application provides a smoke exhaust hood, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. The smoke exhaust hood 100 includes a cover plate 110, a first hood body 120 and a second hood body 130. The cover plate 110 is used for a sealed connection with the battery pack, and the cover plate 110 is provided with an explosion-proof valve port 111 for accommodating the explosion-proof valve 300. The first hood body 120 is connected to the cover plate 110 and corresponds one-to-one with the explosion-proof valve port 111. The first hood body 120 is provided with a first smoke exhaust port 121, which is offset from the explosion-proof valve port 111. The second hood body 130 is located on the side of the cover plate 110 connected to the first hood body 120 and covers the first hood body 120 inside. The second hood body 130 is provided with a second smoke exhaust port 131, which is offset from the first smoke exhaust port 121.

[0045] The cover plate 110, the first cover 120, and the second cover 130 can all be high-temperature resistant metal or non-metal parts, such as steel plates, iron plates, mica sheets, etc. When the cover plate 110, the first cover 120, and the second cover 130 are all metal parts, they can be connected by welding to ensure the sealing of the connection between the three.

[0046] The first cover 120 and the second cover 130 are both shell-shaped parts with a certain internal cavity. After the first cover 120 is connected to the cover plate 110, a first space for flue gas flow is formed between the cover plate 110 and the first cover 120. When the second cover 130 is located on the side of the cover plate 110 connected to the first cover 120, a second space for flue gas flow is also formed between the second cover 130 and the cover plate 110. At the same time, the first cover 120 is located in the second space.

[0047] Understandably, in order to ensure that the flue gas can flow along the prescribed path on the smoke exhaust hood 100 to achieve the purpose of deceleration and cooling, the smoke exhaust hood 100 is sealed except for the prescribed explosion-proof valve port 111, the first smoke exhaust port 121 and the second smoke exhaust port 131.

[0048] In the embodiments of this application, misalignment setting refers to a position that is not directly opposite.

[0049] When the cover plate 110 is sealed to the battery pack, and the explosion-proof valve port 111 on the cover plate 110 is fitted onto the explosion-proof valve 300 on the battery pack, after the explosion-proof valve 300 is triggered, the high-temperature flue gas will not flow out along the gap between the cover plate 110 and the battery pack 200, but can only enter the smoke exhaust hood 100 through the explosion-proof valve port 111.

[0050] Inside the smoke exhaust hood 100, high-temperature flue gas first enters the first hood 120. Because the first exhaust port 121 and the explosion-proof valve port 111 are misaligned, the flue gas will not be discharged directly from the first exhaust port 121. Instead, it will collide with the inner wall of the first hood 120 and flow through the first hood 120 for a certain distance before flowing out from the first exhaust port 121. Because the second exhaust port 131 is misaligned with the first exhaust port 121, the flue gas, after flowing out from the first exhaust port 121, will collide with the inner wall of the second hood 130 and flow through the second hood 130 for a certain distance before finally being discharged from the second exhaust port 131. In the above process, the exhaust direction of the flue gas changes, the exhaust path becomes longer, the resistance increases, and the flow speed and temperature of the flue gas are significantly reduced, making it less likely for it to generate open flames with other combustibles outside the second exhaust port 131, thus reducing damage to personnel and property.

[0051] For example, in a test, the smoke exhaust hood 100 was installed on the battery pack according to the above requirements. Measurements showed that the smoke, which was initially emitted from the explosion-proof valve 300 at a temperature of approximately 300°C, was reduced to approximately 130°C at the second smoke exhaust port 131 after passing through the smoke exhaust hood 100. Furthermore, the smoke velocity decreased from 42 m / s near the explosion-proof valve 300 to 1.5 m / s at the second smoke exhaust port 131. Therefore, it is evident that installing the smoke exhaust hood 100 of the above embodiment of this application on the battery pack 200 significantly reduces the flow velocity and temperature of the smoke generated by thermal runaway, thereby greatly reducing the probability of open flame.

[0052] As shown in Figure 4, in one possible design, the first smoke vent 121 is located on the side of the first cover 120 away from the cover plate 110, and the orientation of the second smoke vent 131 is perpendicular to the orientation of the first smoke vent 121.

[0053] For example, the cover plate 110 is located on the left side of the first cover 120, and the first smoke outlet 121 is on the right side wall of the first cover 120; if the first smoke outlet 121 is oriented in the left-right direction, then the second smoke outlet 131 is oriented in the up-down direction or the front-back direction.

[0054] Both the first smoke exhaust port 121 and the second smoke exhaust port 131 can be of any shape. For example, the first smoke exhaust port 121 can be circular, elliptical, square, etc. The second smoke exhaust port 131 can be connected to the first smoke exhaust port 121 in a one-to-one correspondence, or one second smoke exhaust port 131 can be connected to multiple first smoke exhaust ports 121 at the same time. In the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings of this application, the example of one second smoke exhaust port 131 being connected to multiple first smoke exhaust ports 121 at the same time is used for illustration.

[0055] With the above-described scheme, based on the staggered arrangement of the first smoke exhaust port 121 and the explosion-proof valve port 111, the flue gas ejected from the explosion-proof valve 300 has a relatively high velocity. After colliding with the inner wall of the first hood 120, it flows back, that is, it flows towards the cover plate 110. The first smoke exhaust port 121 is located on the side of the first hood 120 away from the cover plate 110, which can prolong the flow path of the flue gas within the first hood 120 and at the same time slow down the flue gas velocity, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the flue gas within the first hood 120.

[0056] When batteries are installed inside electrical devices, the side with the explosion-proof valve 300 typically faces horizontally. This means the first exhaust vent 121 faces horizontally, potentially directly towards the crew compartment or other flammable materials. Therefore, if smoke is directly discharged from the first exhaust vent 121, it could cause injury to personnel or property. By installing a second enclosure 130, with the second exhaust vent 131 oriented perpendicular to the first exhaust vent 121, the smoke exiting from the second exhaust vent 131 may be directed downwards. This utilizes the chimney effect to further reduce the speed of the high-temperature smoke within the second enclosure 130, lowering the safety hazard. Simultaneously, since the smoke exiting from the second exhaust vent 131 is directed downwards, it is unlikely to directly face personnel or flammable materials, further reducing the probability of thermal runaway causing open flames and injuring personnel and property.

[0057] As shown in Figure 5, in one possible design, in any direction parallel to the cover plate 110, the first cover 120 includes a wide area 122, a narrow area 124, and a transition area 123 located between the wide area 122 and the narrow area 124. The width of the wide area 122 is greater than the width of the narrow area 124, and the width of the transition area 123 gradually changes from the wide area 122 to the narrow area 124. The explosion-proof valve port 111 is directly opposite the wide area 122 and / or the transition area 123, and the first smoke exhaust port 121 is located in the narrow area 124. Herein, the width refers to the dimension of the first cover 120 in the direction perpendicular to the cover plate 110. In Figures 1-4, the width direction refers to the X direction.

[0058] In any direction parallel to the cover plate 110, the dimensions of the wide region 122, the narrow region 124, and the transition region 123 can all be any value greater than 0. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the first cover 120 in a plane perpendicular to the cover plate 110 is similar to that of a boot, with the space of the "boot shaft" portion being the wide region 122, the space of the "foot" portion being equivalent to the narrow region 124, and the space of the portion "connecting the boot shaft and the foot" being equivalent to the transition region 123.

[0059] The explosion-proof valve port 111 is directly opposite the wide area 122 and / or the transition area 123. That is to say, the explosion-proof valve port 111 can be completely opposite the wide area 122, or completely opposite the transition area 123, or partially opposite the wide area 122 and partially opposite the transition area 123. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0060] Since the “width” in the above scheme refers to the dimension of the first cover 120 in the direction perpendicular to the cover plate 110, and obviously, in the direction perpendicular to the cover plate 110, one side boundary of the first cover 120 is the cover plate 110, the change in the width of the first cover 120 is formed by the shape change of the side wall of the first cover 120 away from the cover plate 110. This side wall is the first side wall that the flue gas may “collide” after being ejected at high speed from the explosion-proof valve 300. Therefore, the change in the shape of this side wall will directly disrupt the flow direction of the flue gas, causing turbulence and generating airflow vortices in areas where the flow direction of the flue gas changes significantly or the cross-sectional area changes significantly.

[0061] The aforementioned structure complicates the path of the flue gas as it travels from the explosion-proof valve 300 to the first exhaust port 121. Especially in areas where turbulence and airflow vortices occur, solid particles in the flue gas can settle and accumulate significantly, thereby reducing the amount of solid particles discharged with the gas. Since solid particles contain a large amount of combustible material, reducing the outflow of solid particles can decrease the probability of open flames generated outside the second exhaust port 131, ensuring a certain level of personnel safety and preventing the combustion of other combustible materials, thus preventing a fire.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 5. In one possible design, there is a preset distance a between the first exhaust port 121 and the side wall of the narrow section 124 away from the transition section 123, so that the side of the narrow section 124 away from the transition section 123 forms a settling zone 125, which is used to collect solid particles in the flue gas.

[0063] The preset distance 'a' can be any distance greater than 0, for example, the preset distance 'a' can be 2-8cm.

[0064] With the above scheme, a large amount of flue gas flows out of the first flue gas outlet 121, and the airflow velocity is relatively high. By making the first flue gas outlet 121 and the side wall of the narrow zone 124 away from the transition zone 123 have a preset distance, the probability of solid particles settling in the settling zone 125 being carried out of the first flue gas outlet 121 by the gas can be reduced, so that the solid particles in the settling zone 125 are not easy to flow out of the first flue gas outlet 121 with the flue gas, which is conducive to the collection of solid particles in the settling zone 125.

[0065] It is understandable that the settling zone 125 is positioned on the first cover 120 in the same direction as the second exhaust port 131. When the exhaust hood 100 is installed on the battery pack 200 and the battery consisting of the exhaust hood 100 and the battery pack 200 is installed on the vehicle, the settling zone 125 and the second exhaust port 131 are both facing downwards. This is conducive to the solid particles in the flue gas settling in the settling zone 125 under the action of gravity. At the same time, it is also conducive to further reducing the speed of the flue gas ejected from the second exhaust port 131 under the action of the chimney effect.

[0066] Referring to Figures 1, 2, 4 and 6, in one possible design, the side where the cover 110 is located has a clearance groove 140, which is used to avoid protruding structures on the battery pack 200.

[0067] With the above solution, the side of the battery pack 200 usually has a reinforcing rib or other protruding structure. By setting an avoidance groove 140 on the side of the cover plate 110 on the smoke exhaust hood 100, it is possible to prevent the protruding structure from interfering with the sealing connection between the cover plate 110 and the side of the battery pack 200, and effectively prevent the smoke emitted from the explosion-proof valve 300 from directly entering the air outside the smoke exhaust hood 100 and generating an open flame.

[0068] It is understandable that the periphery of the clearance groove 140 is sealed to the cover plate 110 or the first cover 120 to ensure that the flue gas can only enter the smoke exhaust guide hood 100 from the explosion-proof valve port 111 and can only flow out of the smoke exhaust guide hood 100 from the second smoke exhaust port 131.

[0069] For example, in some embodiments, the peripheral wall of the clearance groove 140 is configured as an integrally formed baffle, which is a pre-formed profile. The periphery of the baffle is sealed to the first hood 120, the second hood 130 or the cover plate 110 at the corresponding position to prevent the smoke in the second hood 130 from leaking from the periphery of the baffle.

[0070] Specifically, the baffle can be pre-formed by machining or stamping, as long as the shape of the baffle can be adapted to the shape of the protruding structure on the side of the battery pack 200 to at least accommodate the protruding structure.

[0071] Taking the orientation shown in Figures 4 and 6, with the smoke exhaust hood 100 installed on the right side surface of the battery pack 200 as an example, the cover plate 110 is the leftmost wall of the smoke exhaust hood 100. The cover plate 110 is attached to the right side surface of the battery pack 200. At the same time, a total of 9 explosion-proof valves 300 are provided on the right side surface of the battery pack 200. The cover plate 110 is provided with 9 explosion-proof valve ports 111 corresponding to the 9 explosion-proof valves 300. The explosion-proof valve ports 111 are fitted onto the explosion-proof valves 300 one by one. The cover plate 110 and the second hood 130 form a cavity structure, and the opening at the bottom of the cavity structure forms the second smoke exhaust port 131. The first cover 120 is located inside the cavity structure, and the number and position of the first cover 120 correspond one-to-one with the explosion-proof valve port 111. The first cover 120 includes a wide area 122, a transition area 123 and a narrow area 124 from top to bottom. The explosion-proof valve port 111 is directly opposite the transition area 123. The first smoke exhaust port 121 is located on the right wall of the first cover 120, and the first smoke exhaust port 121 has a preset distance from the lower side wall of the first cover 120, so that a settlement area 125 is formed at the bottom of the first cover 120.

[0072] When thermal runaway occurs, flue gas is ejected from the edge of the explosion-proof valve 300, collides with the side walls of the first cover 120, and flows back to form a vortex under the turbulence effect of the special shape of the first cover 120, which reduces the velocity of the flue gas. Solid particles in the flue gas (such as broken electrode plates, electrolyte particles, etc.) adhere and settle due to the slowing of the flue gas velocity and the collision with the inner wall of the first cover 120, and fall downward into the settling zone 125 under the action of gravity, thereby reducing the solid particles in the flue gas discharged from the first exhaust port 121. After the flue gas is discharged from the first exhaust port 121, the flow rate of the flue gas will decrease rapidly because the space outside the first hood 120 is larger than the space inside the first hood 120. At the same time, since the second exhaust port 131 is located below the exhaust guide hood 100, the flue gas flows downward outside the first hood 120 (inside the second hood 130). During this process, due to the chimney effect, the flow rate of the flue gas slows down again, solid particles settle again, and the temperature of the airflow decreases again. When the flue gas flows out from the second exhaust port 131, its temperature and flow rate are significantly reduced, the amount of solid particles carried in the flue gas is greatly reduced, and the possibility of combustion and open flame in the second exhaust port 131 is greatly reduced.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 6. This application also provides a battery, including a battery pack 200 and a smoke exhaust hood 100 in any of the above embodiments. An explosion-proof valve is provided on the first side of the battery pack 200, and the smoke exhaust hood 100 is provided on the side where the explosion-proof valve is located. The cover plate 110 is sealed to the first side, and the explosion-proof valve port 111 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve 300.

[0074] In this battery structure, the battery pack 200 may specifically include a battery management system (BMS) and multiple battery cells. These battery cells can be electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both, and communicate with the battery management system to form the battery pack 200. The battery management system controls and monitors the operating status of each battery cell. Alternatively, multiple battery cells can first be connected in series and / or parallel, and then connected with a module management system to form battery modules. These battery modules can then be electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both, and together with the battery management system, form the battery pack 200.

[0075] The battery pack 200 or battery module may contain multiple battery cells that can be mounted on a supporting structure such as a housing, frame, or bracket. The individual battery cells and the battery management system can be electrically connected via a busbar, such as a power strip. The battery cells may be lithium-ion, sodium-ion, or magnesium-ion batteries, and their external contours may be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, but are not limited to these.

[0076] The battery pack 200 may be generally cubic in shape, with one or more explosion-proof valves 300 concentrated on the first side of the battery pack 200.

[0077] By connecting the smoke exhaust hood 100 to the first side of the battery pack 200, the high-temperature smoke generated when the battery pack 200 experiences thermal runaway is ejected from the explosion-proof valve 300. Inside the smoke exhaust hood 100, the exhaust direction of the smoke changes, the exhaust path becomes longer, the resistance increases, and the flow speed and temperature of the smoke are significantly reduced, making it less likely for the smoke to ignite with other combustibles outside the smoke exhaust hood 100, thus reducing damage to personnel and property.

[0078] In one possible design, a sealing gasket is provided between the cover plate 110 and the first side surface to achieve a sealed connection between the cover plate 110 and the first side surface.

[0079] The sealing gasket can be made of elastic and high-temperature resistant materials such as rubber gaskets and silicone gaskets.

[0080] Optionally, the sealing gasket is provided at least around the explosion-proof valve port 111 to prevent high-temperature fumes ejected from the explosion-proof valve from leaking from any location around the explosion-proof valve.

[0081] By setting a sealing gasket, it is beneficial to further ensure the sealed connection between the cover plate 110 and the first side of the battery pack 200, and effectively prevent the smoke emitted from the explosion-proof valve 300 from directly entering the air outside the smoke exhaust hood 100 and generating an open flame.

[0082] Referring to Figure 5, in one possible design, the angle b between the shortest line connecting the edge of the first smoke outlet 121 and the edge of the explosion-proof valve 300 and the plane containing the end face of the explosion-proof valve 300 is less than or equal to 30°.

[0083] For example, b can be 10°, 25°, 30°, etc.

[0084] With the above scheme, the specific discharge location of the flue gas from the explosion-proof valve 300 is generally at the edge of the explosion-proof valve 300. Because the flow velocity of the flue gas is relatively high during discharge, the angle between the discharge direction and the plane containing the end face of the explosion-proof valve 300 is generally about 30°. By ensuring the position of the first exhaust port 121 meets the above requirements, it is possible to prevent the flue gas ejected from the edge of the explosion-proof valve 300 from being directly discharged from the first exhaust port 121. This ensures that a large amount of flue gas can be cooled and slowed down within the first enclosure 120, further preventing the generation of open flames and burns to personnel and property.

[0085] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical device including a battery compartment and a battery as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the battery is installed inside the battery compartment.

[0086] With the above solution, the safety of electrical equipment is improved by using the battery in the above embodiment. It is less likely to cause open flames due to battery thermal runaway, resulting in personal injury and property damage.

[0087] The aforementioned electrical equipment can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, power tools, energy storage devices, amusement equipment, elevators, and lifting equipment, etc. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc.; spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.; electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, or electric airplane toys, etc.; power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.; energy storage devices can be energy storage walls, base station energy storage, containerized energy storage, etc.; amusement equipment can be carousels, drop towers, etc. This application does not impose special restrictions on the aforementioned electrical equipment.

[0088] In one possible design, when the electrical equipment is in use, the second exhaust port 131 of the battery faces downwards.

[0089] With the above solution, for electrical equipment with a fixed orientation during use, there are generally no people or objects under the battery. Therefore, the installation and setting of the battery in the electrical equipment can further improve the safety of the electrical equipment.

[0090] In summary, the smoke exhaust hood 100, battery, and electrical equipment provided in this application embodiment, by installing the smoke exhaust hood 100 on the battery pack 200, when a single battery cell in the battery pack 200 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature smoke is ejected from the explosion-proof valve 300 and first enters the first hood 120, then the second hood 130, and finally discharged from the second smoke exhaust port 131. During the above process, the exhaust direction of the smoke changes, the exhaust path becomes longer, the resistance increases, the flow velocity and temperature of the smoke are significantly reduced, and the combustibles in the smoke settle, so the smoke is less likely to generate open flames with other combustibles outside the second smoke exhaust port 131, reducing damage to personnel and property.

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust hood, characterized in that, include: A cover plate for sealing connection with the battery pack, the cover plate being provided with an explosion-proof valve port for accommodating an explosion-proof valve; The first cover is connected to the cover plate and corresponds one-to-one with the explosion-proof valve port. The first cover is provided with a first smoke exhaust port, which is offset from the explosion-proof valve port. The second cover is located on the side of the cover plate that connects to the first cover and covers the first cover inside. The second cover is provided with a second smoke exhaust port, which is offset from the first smoke exhaust port.

2. The smoke exhaust hood according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first smoke vent is located on the side of the first hood away from the cover plate, and the orientation of the second smoke vent is perpendicular to the orientation of the first smoke vent.

3. The smoke exhaust hood according to claim 2, characterized in that, In any direction parallel to the cover plate, the first cover includes a wide area, a narrow area, and a transition area between the wide area and the narrow area. The width of the wide area is greater than the width of the narrow area. The width of the transition area gradually changes from the wide area to the narrow area. The explosion-proof valve port is directly opposite the wide area and / or the transition area. The first smoke exhaust port is located in the narrow area. The width refers to the dimension of the first cover in the direction perpendicular to the cover plate.

4. The smoke exhaust hood according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first exhaust port is at a predetermined distance from the side wall of the narrow section away from the transition zone, so that a settling zone is formed on the side of the narrow section away from the transition zone, and the settling zone is used to collect solid particles in the flue gas.

5. The smoke exhaust hood according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate has a clearance groove on its side, which is used to avoid protruding structures on the battery pack.

6. A battery, characterized in that, The device includes a battery pack and a smoke exhaust hood as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an explosion-proof valve is provided on a first side of the battery pack, and the smoke exhaust hood is provided on the side where the explosion-proof valve is located; The cover plate is sealed to the first side, and the explosion-proof valve port is sleeved on the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve.

7. The battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sealing gasket is provided between the cover plate and the first side to achieve a sealed connection between the cover plate and the first side.

8. The battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The angle between the shortest line connecting the edge of the first smoke exhaust port and the edge of the explosion-proof valve and the plane containing the end face of the explosion-proof valve is less than or equal to 30°.

9. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes a battery compartment and the battery as described in claim 7 or 8, wherein the battery is installed within the battery compartment.

10. The electrical equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the electrical equipment is in use, the second exhaust port of the battery faces downwards.

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