Hairpin flat-wire stator winding, stator, electric motor and vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of automobiles and relates to a hairpin flat-wire stator winding, a stator, an electric motor and a vehicle. The hairpin flat-wire stator winding is adapted to be formed by hairpin-winding three-phase parallel flat wires through an annular stator having seventy-two stator slots on the inner side thereof. The seventy-two stator slots each have n layers, and the three phases are U phase, V phase and W phase. The annular stator comprises six poles arranged adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction. The U-phase winding comprises three parallel branches, wherein each branch is wound through the first layers of two stator slots in each of two adjacent poles, and is wound through the first layer of one stator slot in each of the remaining four poles, and all the poles in which a branch is wound through the first layers of two stator slots differ from one another; and each branch is wound through the n-th layers of two stator slots in each of two adjacent poles, and is wound through the n-th layer of one stator slot in each of the remaining four poles, and all the poles in which a branch is wound through the n-th layers of two stator slots differ from one another. The present disclosure can simplify the winding manner of the hairpin flat-wire stator winding and can reduce the winding difficulty thereof.

Description

Hairpin flat wire stator windings, stators, motors and vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510197908.4, filed on February 21, 2025, entitled "Hairpin-type Flat Wire Stator Winding, Stator, Motor and Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a hairpin-type flat wire stator winding, a stator, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] Compared to traditional round-winding motors, flat-wire winding motors offer superior performance in terms of efficiency, power density, cost, and integration. However, existing flat-wire stator winding methods suffer from significant skin and proximity effects at high speeds, resulting in uneven current distribution along the flat wire cross-section, differences in winding resistance, and unbalanced current flow. This leads to increased AC impedance, reduced conversion efficiency at high speeds, and weakened continuous performance. Furthermore, some current stator windings employ highly complex winding methods to achieve current balance in parallel branches, making the winding process extremely difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, this disclosure provides a hairpin-type flat wire stator winding, a stator, a motor, and a vehicle, which simplifies the winding method of the hairpin-type flat wire stator winding and reduces the winding difficulty. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, a hairpin-type flat wire stator winding is provided, which is suitable for use with three-phase parallel flat wires in conjunction with hairpins to wind around an annular stator with seventy-two stator slots on the inner side. The seventy-two stator slots each have n layers. The three phases are U phase, V phase and W phase. The annular stator includes six poles that are sequentially wrapped around each other, and each pole has twelve stator slots.

[0006] The U-phase winding includes three parallel branches. Each of the three branches is formed by a flat wire spiraling back and forth between layers 1 and n, starting from the first, second, and third starting points at the m-th layer, and using a hairpin, until it reaches the first, second, and third ending points at the m-th layer. The first and second starting points, the second and third starting points, and the third and third ending points are all loops. Here, n and m are both positive integers, and n≥2, m≤n.

[0007] Each of the branches passes through the first layer of two stator slots in two adjacent poles and through the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles, and each pole that is bypassed by a branch through the first layer of two stator slots is different;

[0008] Each of the branches passes through the nth layer of two stator slots in two adjacent poles and through the nth layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles, and each pole that is bypassed by a branch through the nth layer of two stator slots is different;

[0009] The V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to the U-phase winding along the first direction by 8 stator slots;

[0010] The W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it along the first direction by 16 stator slots.

[0011] In one possible implementation, m = 1 or m = n.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first starting point, the second starting point, and the third starting point are respectively located in the m-th layer of the three adjacent stator slots.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first endpoint, the second endpoint, and the third endpoint are located in the m-th layer of the three adjacent stator slots.

[0014] In one possible implementation, n = 8, and xy is defined as the y-th layer of the x-th stator slot, where x ∈ [1, 72], y ∈ [a, h], a is the 1st layer located at the bottom of the stator slot, and h is the 8th layer located at the top of the stator slot. The first branch of the U-phase winding is:

[0015] 13a∩25b∪37c∩49d∪61e∩1f∪13g∩25h∪

[0016] 38h∩26g∪14f∩2e∪62d∩50c∪38b∩26a∪

[0017] 16a∩28b∪40c∩52d∪64e∩4f∪16g∩28h∪

[0018] 39h∩27g∪15f∩3e∪63d∩51c∪39b∩27a∪

[0019] 38a∩50b∪62c∩2d∪14e∩26f∪38g∩50h∪

[0020] 63h∩51g∪39f∩27e∪15d∩3c∪63b∩51a∪

[0021] 64a∩4b∪16c∩28d∪40e∩52f∪64g∩4h∪

[0022] 15h∩3g∪63f∩51e∪39d∩27c∪15b∩3a.

[0023] In one possible implementation, n = 8, and xy is defined as the y-th layer of the x-th stator slot, where x ∈ [1, 72], y ∈ [a, h], a is the 1st layer located at the bottom of the stator slot, and h is the 8th layer located at the top of the stator slot. The first branch of the U-phase winding is:

[0024] 13a∩25b∪37c∩49d∪60e∩72f∪12g∩24h∪

[0025] 37h∩25g∪13f∩1e∪62d∩50c∪38b∩26a∪

[0026] 16a∩28b∪40c∩52d∪63e∩3f∪15g∩27h∪

[0027] 38h∩26g∪14f∩2e∪63d∩51c∪39b∩27a∪

[0028] 38a∩50b∪62c∩2d∪13e∩25f∪37g∩49h∪

[0029] 62h∩50g∪38f∩26e∪15d∩3c∪63b∩51a∪

[0030] 64a∩4b∪16c∩28d∪39e∩51f∪63g∩3h∪

[0031] 14h∩2g∪62f∩50e∪39d∩27c∪15b∩3a.

[0032] In one possible implementation, n = 8, and xy is defined as the y-th layer of the x-th stator slot, where x ∈ [1, 72], y ∈ [a, h], a is the 1st layer located at the bottom of the stator slot, and h is the 8th layer located at the top of the stator slot. The first branch of the U-phase winding is:

[0033] 13a∩24b∪37c∩48d∪61e∩72f∪13g∩24h∪

[0034] 37h∩26g∪13f∩2e∪61d∩50c∪37b∩26a∪

[0035] 16a∩27b∪40c∩51d∪64e∩3f∪16g∩27h∪

[0036] 38h∩27g∪14f∩3e∪62d∩51c∪38b∩27a∪

[0037] 38a∩49b∪62c∩1d∪14e∩25f∪38g∩49h∪

[0038] 62h∩51g∪38f∩27e∪14d∩3c∪62b∩51a∪

[0039] 64a∩3b∪16c∩27d∪40e∩51f∪64g∩3h∪

[0040] 14h∩3g∪62f∩51e∪38d∩27c∪14b∩3a.

[0041] In a second aspect, a stator is provided, the stator comprising an annular stator having an inner layer of 72 stator slots and a hairpin-type flat wire stator winding as described in any of the first aspects, wherein the hairpin-type flat wire stator winding is obtained by using three-phase parallel flat wires in conjunction with the annular stator.

[0042] Thirdly, an electric motor is provided, the motor comprising a rotor and a stator as described in the second aspect, the rotor being rotatable relative to the stator.

[0043] Fourthly, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle including an electric motor as described in the third aspect.

[0044] In the scheme disclosed herein, the three branches of the U-phase winding each wind through the first layer of two stator slots in two adjacent poles and through the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. Each pole having its first layer of two stator slots bypassed by a branch is different. Simultaneously, each branch winds through the nth layer of two stator slots in two adjacent poles and through the nth layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles, again with each branch having its nth layer of two stator slots bypassed by a branch. This ensures that the winding pattern of the three branches of the U-phase winding on the annular stator is consistent. Furthermore, the V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it by eight stator slots in the first direction, and the W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it by sixteen stator slots in the first direction. Therefore, the winding patterns of the three branches of the U-phase winding, the three branches of the V-phase winding, and the three branches of the W-phase winding are all identical. This simplifies the winding pattern of the hairpin-type flat wire stator winding and reduces the winding difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of stator slot conductors in a hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the U-phase winding of the first hairpin-type flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a branch of the U-phase winding of the first hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the V-phase winding of the first hairpin-type flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the W-phase winding of the first hairpin-type flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0051] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the U-phase winding of the second type of hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a branch of the U-phase winding of the second type of hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0053] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the V-phase winding of the second type of hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0054] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the W-phase winding of the second type of hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0055] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the U-phase winding of the third type of hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0056] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a branch of the U-phase winding of the third type of hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0057] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the V-phase winding of the third type of hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0058] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the W-phase winding of the third type of hairpin flat wire stator winding provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] Firstly, this embodiment relates to a hairpin-type flat wire stator winding, as shown in Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the conductor distribution within the stator slots of the hairpin-type flat wire stator winding. This hairpin-type flat wire stator winding is suitable for use with three-phase parallel flat wires wound around an annular stator having seventy-two stator slots on its inner side using hairpins. Each of the seventy-two stator slots has n layers, indicating that each stator slot has n layers of conductors. The three phases are U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase. The annular stator includes six adjacent poles wound sequentially, each pole having twelve stator slots.

[0061] For example, the six poles can be arranged sequentially around adjacent poles: the first pole, the second pole, the third pole, the fourth pole, the fifth pole, and the sixth pole. Furthermore, the first pole can have stator slots 1 to 12, the second pole can have stator slots 13 to 24, the third pole can have stator slots 25 to 36, the fourth pole can have stator slots 37 to 48, the fifth pole can have stator slots 49 to 60, and the sixth pole can have stator slots 61 to 72.

[0062] The U-phase winding consists of three parallel branches. Each branch is formed by a flat wire, starting from the first, second, and third starting points at the m-th layer, spiraling back and forth between layers 1 and n with the help of a hairpin, until reaching the first, second, and third ending points at the m-th layer. The first and second starting points, the second and third starting points, and the third and third ending points are all loops. Here, n and m are both positive integers, and n ≥ 2, m ≤ n. For example, if n = 2, then m = 1 or m = 2. Another example is n = 5, then m = 1, m = 2, m = 3, m = 4, or m = 5. Yet another example is n = 8, then m = 1, m = 2, m = 3, m = 4, m = 5, m = 6, m = 7, or m = 8.

[0063] In the embodiments of this disclosure, taking n=8 as shown in Figure 1 as an example, xy is defined as the y-th layer of the x-th stator slot, where x∈[1, 72], y∈[a, h], 1~72 are the slot numbers of the stator slots, a~h are the layer numbers of the 1st to 8th layers of the stator slot conductors, a is the 1st layer located at the bottom of the stator slot, and h is the 8th layer located at the top of the stator slot. For example, 13a represents the 1st layer of the 13th stator slot. And defined... Let X be the i-th branch of phase X, and j be the current flow sequence. X can be U, V or W, i can be 1, 2 or 3, and j can be 1, 2, 3... or 64.

[0064] For example, in Figures 1 to 13, This refers to the point where the current flows into the three branches of phase U, which is also the point where the phase U line leads out. This refers to the point where the current flows out of the three branches of phase U, which is also the neutral line lead-out terminal. Furthermore, the lead-out terminal and the neutral line terminal can be interchanged, meaning they can also be... As the lead-out point of the neutral line As the lead-out terminal of the U-phase line.

[0065] Meanwhile, in the embodiments of this disclosure, and The arrangement allows for the formation of a loop, so the three branch leads of a single phase can be selected from any point on the loop. For example, the phase lead of the first branch of phase U can be... The neutral wire lead-out end is the corresponding welding end. The other two branches can also arbitrarily select the lead-out ends of the phase lines and the neutral line in the same direction, and the starting point numbers do not need to be consistent. The winding method of the other two phases can also refer to the U phase to select the start and end points of the phase line lead-out ends and the neutral line.

[0066] Furthermore, each branch passes through the first layer of two stator slots in two adjacent poles and through the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles, and each pole that is bypassed by a branch through the first layer of two stator slots is different.

[0067] Each branch passes through the nth layer of two stator slots in two adjacent poles and through the nth layer of one stator slot in the other four poles, and each pole that is bypassed by a branch through the nth layer of two stator slots is different.

[0068] For example, in Figure 3, the first branch of phase U can wind around the first layer of two stator slots in the second pole, around the first layer of two stator slots in the third pole, and around the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. The second branch can wind around the first layer of two stator slots in the fourth pole, around the first layer of two stator slots in the fifth pole, and around the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. The third branch can wind around the first layer of two stator slots in the sixth pole, around the first layer of two stator slots in the first pole, and around the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles.

[0069] However, the first branch of phase U can also bypass the first layer of two stator slots in the first pole, bypass the first layer of two stator slots in the second pole, and bypass the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. The second branch can also bypass the first layer of two stator slots in the third pole, bypass the first layer of two stator slots in the fourth pole, and bypass the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. The third branch can also bypass the first layer of two stator slots in the fifth pole, bypass the first layer of two stator slots in the sixth pole, and bypass the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles.

[0070] For example, referring to Figures 2 and 3, the first branch of phase U can wind around the first layer of two stator slots in the third pole, around the first layer of two stator slots in the fourth pole, and around the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. The second branch can wind around the first layer of two stator slots in the fifth pole, around the first layer of two stator slots in the sixth pole, and around the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. The third branch can wind around the first layer of two stator slots in the first pole, around the first layer of two stator slots in the second pole, and around the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles.

[0071] However, the first branch of phase U can also wind around the 8th layer of two stator slots in the first pole, around the 8th layer of two stator slots in the second pole, and around the 8th layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. The second branch can also wind around the 8th layer of two stator slots in the third pole, around the 8th layer of two stator slots in the fourth pole, and around the 8th layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles. The third branch can also wind around the 8th layer of two stator slots in the fifth pole, around the 8th layer of two stator slots in the sixth pole, and around the 8th layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles.

[0072] Furthermore, the V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to the U-phase winding along the first direction by eight stator slots, and the W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to the U-phase winding along the first direction by sixteen stator slots.

[0073] As described above, the three branches of the U-phase winding all wind through the first layer of two stator slots in two adjacent poles and through the first layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles, with each pole having a different pole having its first layer of two stator slots bypassed by a branch. Simultaneously, each branch winds through the nth layer of two stator slots in two adjacent poles and through the nth layer of one stator slot in the remaining four poles, with each pole having a different pole having its nth layer of two stator slots bypassed by a branch. This ensures that the winding pattern of the three branches of the U-phase winding on the annular stator is consistent. Furthermore, the V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by eight stator slots relative to the U-phase winding in the first direction, and the W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by sixteen stator slots relative to the U-phase winding in the first direction. Therefore, the winding patterns of the three branches of the U-phase winding, the three branches of the V-phase winding, and the three branches of the W-phase winding are all identical. This simplifies the winding method of hairpin-type flat wire stator windings, reduces winding difficulty, and also reduces the amount of flat wire material used, saving costs. Furthermore, it helps improve the motor slot fill factor, achieves current balance in parallel branches, eliminates circulating current problems, improves motor efficiency and power factor, and reduces energy consumption.

[0074] In one example, m = 1 or m = n. For instance, when m = 1, the current inflow and outflow points of the three branches of the U-phase winding, the three branches of the V-phase winding, and the three branches of the W-phase winding are all located in the first layer of the stator slot and connected to the busbar at the bottom of the stator slot. As another example, when m = 8, the current inflow and outflow points of the three branches of the U-phase winding, the three branches of the V-phase winding, and the three branches of the W-phase winding are all located in the eighth layer of the stator slot and connected to the busbar at the top of the stator slot. This allows the phase lines and neutral lines to be concentrated in the first or last layer of the hairpin-type flat wire stator winding, simplifying the design of the busbar and saving material.

[0075] In one example, the first, second, and third starting points are located in the m-th layer of three adjacent stator slots. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the current inflow points of the three branches of the U-phase winding can be 13a, 14a, and 15a, respectively. This makes the current inflow points of the three branches of the U-phase winding, the three branches of the V-phase winding, and the three branches of the W-phase winding close to each other, thereby further simplifying the design of the busbar and saving materials used in the busbar.

[0076] In one example, the first, second, and third endpoints are located in the m-th layer of three adjacent stator slots, as shown in Figure 2. The current inflow points of the three branches of the U-phase winding can be 1a, 2a, and 3a, respectively. This makes the current outflow points of the three branches of the U-phase winding, the three branches of the V-phase winding, and the three branches of the W-phase winding close to each other, thereby further simplifying the design of the busbar and saving materials used in the busbar.

[0077] In one example, Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the U-phase winding of the first type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of one branch of the U-phase winding of the first type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the V-phase winding of the first type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; and Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the W-phase winding of the first type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding. The first branch of the U-phase winding can be:

[0078] 13a∩25b∪37c∩49d∪61e∩1f∪13g∩25h∪

[0079] 38h∩26g∪14f∩2e∪62d∩50c∪38b∩26a∪

[0080] 16a∩28b∪40c∩52d∪64e∩4f∪16g∩28h∪

[0081] 39h∩27g∪15f∩3e∪63d∩51c∪39b∩27a∪

[0082] 38a∩50b∪62c∩2d∪14e∩26f∪38g∩50h∪

[0083] 63h∩51g∪39f∩27e∪15d∩3c∪63b∩51a∪

[0084] 64a∩4b∪16c∩28d∪40e∩52f∪64g∩4h∪

[0085] 15h∩3g∪63f∩51e∪39d∩27c∪15b∩3a, flows in from 13a and flows out from 3a.

[0086] In the above winding method, "∩" represents a hairpin connection, and "∪" represents a solder joint. "∩" and "∪" can be interchanged. Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, current flows in from the first layer conductor of stator slot 13. The first layer conductor of stator slot 13 is connected to the second layer conductor of stator slot 25 via an end U-shaped hairpin. The second layer conductor of stator slot 25 is connected to the third layer conductor of stator slot 37 via end soldering, and so on, until it reaches the eighth layer conductor of stator slot 25. The eighth layer conductor of stator slot 25 is bridged to the eighth layer conductor of stator slot 38 via end soldering. Then, the 8th layer conductor of stator slot 38 is connected to the 7th layer conductor of stator slot 26 via an end U-shaped hairpin. The 7th layer conductor of stator slot 26 is connected to the 6th layer conductor of stator slot 14 via end welding, and so on, until it is connected to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 26. The 1st layer conductor of stator slot 26 is bridged to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 16 via end welding. This process continues to repeat until it is connected to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 3, and the current flows out.

[0087] The winding method described above can be used to wind the first branch of phase U. Meanwhile, referring to Figure 2, the current inflow point of the second branch of phase U is 15a and the current outflow point is 2a. Its winding principle is the same as that of the first branch of phase U. Those skilled in the art can adapt and perform the corresponding operation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0088] Similarly, referring to Figure 2, the current inflow point of the third branch of phase U is 14a, and the current outflow point is 1a. Its winding principle is the same as that of the first branch of phase U. Those skilled in the art can adapt and perform corresponding operations, which will not be elaborated here.

[0089] The V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it by eight stator slots in the first direction. For example, the V-phase winding can be obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by eight slots in the direction of increasing stator slot number, as shown in Figure 4. The current in the first branch of the V-phase flows in from 21a and out from 11a. The current in the second branch of the V-phase flows in from 23a and out from 10a. The current in the third branch of the V-phase flows in from 22a and out from 9a. Those skilled in the art can operate according to the above description, and the detailed connection route will not be repeated.

[0090] The W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it by sixteen stator slots in the first direction. For example, the W-phase winding can be obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by 16 slots in the direction of increasing stator slot number, as shown in Figure 5. The first branch current of the W-phase flows in from 29a and out from 19a. The second branch current of the W-phase flows in from 31a and out from 18a. The third branch current of the W-phase flows in from 30a and out from 17a. Those skilled in the art can operate according to the above description, and the detailed connection route will not be repeated.

[0091] In one example, Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the U-phase winding of the second type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of one branch of the U-phase winding of the second type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the V-phase winding of the second type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; and Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the W-phase winding of the second type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding. The first branch of the U-phase winding can be:

[0092] 13a∩25b∪37c∩49d∪60e∩72f∪12g∩24h∪

[0093] 37h∩25g∪13f∩1e∪62d∩50c∪38b∩26a∪

[0094] 16a∩28b∪40c∩52d∪63e∩3f∪15g∩27h∪

[0095] 38h∩26g∪14f∩2e∪63d∩51c∪39b∩27a∪

[0096] 38a∩50b∪62c∩2d∪13e∩25f∪37g∩49h∪

[0097] 62h∩50g∪38f∩26e∪15d∩3c∪63b∩51a∪

[0098] 64a∩4b∪16c∩28d∪39e∩51f∪63g∩3h∪

[0099] 14h∩3g∪62f∩51e∪38d∩27c∪14b∩3a, flows in from 13a and flows out from 3a.

[0100] In the above winding method, "∩" represents a hairpin connection, and "∪" represents a solder joint. "∩" and "∪" can be interchanged. Specifically, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, current flows in from the first layer conductor of stator slot 13. The first layer conductor of stator slot 13 is connected to the second layer conductor of stator slot 25 via an end U-shaped hairpin. The second layer conductor of stator slot 25 is connected to the third layer conductor of stator slot 37 via end soldering, and so on, until it reaches the eighth layer conductor of stator slot 24. The eighth layer conductor of stator slot 24 is bridged to the eighth layer conductor of stator slot 37 via end soldering. Then, the 8th layer conductor of stator slot 37 is connected to the 7th layer conductor of stator slot 25 via an end U-shaped hairpin. The 7th layer conductor of stator slot 25 is connected to the 6th layer conductor of stator slot 13 via end welding, and so on, until it is connected to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 26. The 1st layer conductor of stator slot 26 is bridged to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 16 via end welding. This process continues to repeat until it is connected to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 3, and the current flows out.

[0101] The winding method described above can be used to wind the first branch of phase U. Meanwhile, referring to Figure 6, the current inflow point of the second branch of phase U is 15a and the current outflow point is 2a. Its winding principle is the same as that of the first branch of phase U. Those skilled in the art can adapt and perform the corresponding operation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0102] Similarly, referring to Figure 6, the current inflow point of the third branch of phase U is 14a, and the current outflow point is 1a. Its winding principle is the same as that of the first branch of phase U. Those skilled in the art can adapt and perform corresponding operations, which will not be elaborated here.

[0103] The V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it by eight stator slots in the first direction. For example, the V-phase winding can be obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by eight slots in the direction of increasing stator slot number. Referring to Figure 8, the current in the first branch of the V-phase flows in from 21a and out from 11a. The current in the second branch of the V-phase flows in from 23a and out from 10a. The current in the third branch of the V-phase flows in from 22a and out from 9a. Those skilled in the art can operate according to the above description, and the detailed connection route will not be repeated.

[0104] The W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it by sixteen stator slots in the first direction. For example, the W-phase winding can be obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by 16 slots in the direction of increasing stator slot number. Referring to Figure 9, the first branch current of the W-phase flows in from 29a and out from 19a. The second branch current of the W-phase flows in from 31a and out from 18a. The third branch current of the W-phase flows in from 30a and out from 17a. Those skilled in the art can operate according to the above description, and the detailed connection route will not be repeated.

[0105] In one example, Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the U-phase winding of the third type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of one branch of the U-phase winding of the third type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the V-phase winding of the third type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding; and Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the W-phase winding of the third type of hairpin-type flat wire stator winding. The first branch of the U-phase winding can be:

[0106] 13a∩24b∪37c∩48d∪61e∩72f∪13g∩24h∪

[0107] 37h∩26g∪13f∩2e∪61d∩50c∪37b∩26a∪

[0108] 16a∩27b∪40c∩51d∪64e∩3f∪16g∩27h∪

[0109] 38h∩27g∪14f∩3e∪62d∩51c∪38b∩27a∪

[0110] 38a∩49b∪62c∩1d∪14e∩25f∪38g∩49h∪

[0111] 62h∩51g∪38f∩27e∪14d∩3c∪62b∩51a∪

[0112] 64a∩3b∪16c∩27d∪40e∩51f∪64g∩3h∪

[0113] 14h∩3g∪62f∩51e∪38d∩27c∪14b∩3a.

[0114] In the above winding method, "∩" represents a hairpin connection, and "∪" represents a solder joint. The "∩" and "∪" can be interchanged. Specifically, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, current flows in from the first layer conductor of stator slot 13. The first layer conductor of stator slot 13 is connected to the second layer conductor of stator slot 24 via an end U-shaped hairpin. The second layer conductor of stator slot 24 is connected to the third layer conductor of stator slot 37 via end soldering, and so on, until it reaches the eighth layer conductor of stator slot 24. The eighth layer conductor of stator slot 24 is bridged to the eighth layer conductor of stator slot 37 via end soldering. Next, the 8th layer conductor of stator slot 37 is connected to the 7th layer conductor of stator slot 26 via an end U-shaped hairpin. The 7th layer conductor of stator slot 26 is then connected to the 6th layer conductor of stator slot 13 via end welding, and so on, until it is connected to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 26. The 1st layer conductor of stator slot 26 is then bridged to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 16 via end welding. This process continues in a loop until it is connected to the 1st layer conductor of stator slot 3, at which point the current flows out.

[0115] The winding method described above can be used to wind the first branch of phase U. Meanwhile, referring to Figure 10, the current inflow point of the second branch of phase U is 15a and the current outflow point is 2a. Its winding principle is the same as that of the first branch of phase U. Those skilled in the art can adapt and perform the corresponding operation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0116] Similarly, referring to Figure 10, the current inflow point of the third branch of phase U is 14a, and the current outflow point is 1a. Its winding principle is the same as that of the first branch of phase U. Those skilled in the art can adapt and perform corresponding operations, which will not be elaborated here.

[0117] The V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it by eight stator slots in the first direction. For example, the V-phase winding can be obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by eight slots in the direction of increasing stator slot number, as shown in Figure 12. The current in the first branch of the V-phase flows in from 21a and out from 11a. The current in the second branch of the V-phase flows in from 23a and out from 10a. The current in the third branch of the V-phase flows in from 22a and out from 9a. Those skilled in the art can operate according to the above description, and the detailed connection route will not be repeated.

[0118] The W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding relative to it by sixteen stator slots in the first direction. For example, the W-phase winding can be obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by 16 slots in the direction of increasing stator slot number, as shown in Figure 13. The first branch current of the W-phase flows in from 29a and out from 19a. The second branch current of the W-phase flows in from 30a and out from 17a. The third branch current of the W-phase flows in from 31a and out from 18a. Those skilled in the art can operate according to the above description, and the detailed connection route will not be repeated.

[0119] In the above example, an 8-layer hairpin flat wire stator winding is used. However, in specific implementations, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10-layer hairpin flat wire stator windings can be achieved by deleting or adding layers of cross-wires, or by winding a certain number of slots on the left and right sides of some layers. Therefore, the winding method used in this disclosure and the coils adapted to this winding method are not limited to the hairpin flat wire stator winding in the example.

[0120] Secondly, this embodiment also provides a stator, which includes an annular stator with n layers and 72 stator slots on the inner side and a hairpin flat wire stator winding as described in any of the first aspects, wherein the hairpin flat wire stator winding is obtained by using three-phase parallel flat wires in conjunction with the annular stator.

[0121] The stator of this embodiment adopts the hairpin-type flat wire stator winding of this disclosure, and has all the beneficial technical effects of the embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure.

[0122] Thirdly, this embodiment also provides an electric motor, which includes a rotor and a stator as described in the second aspect, the rotor being rotatable relative to the stator.

[0123] The motor in this embodiment uses the stator disclosed herein and has all the beneficial technical effects of the embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure.

[0124] Fourthly, this embodiment also provides a vehicle, which includes a motor as described in the third aspect.

[0125] The vehicle in this embodiment uses the motor disclosed herein and has all the beneficial technical effects of the embodiments of the third aspect of this disclosure.

[0126] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class, and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0127] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A hairpin flat wire stator winding, wherein, The hairpin flat wire stator winding is suitable for being obtained by adopting three-phase parallel flat wire matching hairpin winding an annular stator with seventy-two stator slots, the seventy-two stator slots each have n layers, the three phases are U phase, V phase and W phase, the annular stator comprises six adjacent poles which are sequentially wound, and each pole has twelve stator slots; The U phase winding comprises three parallel branches, the three branches are respectively matched by flat wires from a first starting point, a second starting point and a third starting point located at the mth layer to spiral and reciprocate layer by layer between the 1st layer and the nth layer to form a loop until the first ending point, the second ending point and the third ending point located at the mth layer are reached, and the first starting point and the first ending point, the second starting point and the second ending point, and the third starting point and the third ending point are annular loops; wherein n and m are positive integers, n≥2, and m≤n; Each branch passes through two stator slots in the first layer in two adjacent poles and passes through one stator slot in the first layer in the remaining four poles, and the poles passed through by two stator slots in the first layer by each branch are different; Each branch passes through two stator slots in the nth layer in two adjacent poles and passes through one stator slot in the nth layer in the remaining four poles, and the poles passed through by two stator slots in the nth layer by each branch are different; The V phase winding is obtained by rotating the U phase winding by 8 stator slots in a first direction; The W phase winding is obtained by rotating the U phase winding by 16 stator slots in a first direction.

2. The hairpin flat wire stator winding of claim 1, wherein, The m=1 or the m=n.

3. The hairpin flat wire stator winding of claim 1, wherein, The first starting point, the second starting point and the third starting point are respectively located at the mth layer of three adjacent stator slots.

4. The hairpin flat wire stator winding of claim 1, wherein, The first ending point, the second ending point and the third ending point are respectively located at the mth layer of three adjacent stator slots.

5. The hairpin flat wire stator winding of claim 1, wherein, n=8, define xy as the yth layer of the xth stator slot, wherein x∈[1, 72], y∈[a, h], a is the 1st layer located at the bottom of the stator slot, and h is the 8th layer located at the top of the stator slot, the first branch of the U phase winding is: 13a∩25b∪37c∩49d∪61e∪1f∪13g∩25h∪ 38h∩26g ∪14f∩2e∪62d∩50c∪38b ∩26a∪ 16a∩28b∪40c∩52 d∪64e∩4f∪16g∩28h∪ 63h∩51g∪39f∩27e∩15d∩3c∪63b∩51a∪ 64a ∩4b∪16c∩28d∪40e∩52f ∪64g∩4h∪ 15h∩3g∪63 f∩51e∩39d∩27c∪15b∩3a。 ​ ​ 6. The hairpin flat wire stator winding of claim 1, wherein, n=8, defining xy as the y layer of the xth stator slot, wherein x∈[1, 72], y∈[a, h], a is the 1st layer, located at the bottom of the stator slot, and h is the 8th layer, located at the top of the stator slot, the first branch of the U-phase winding is: 13a∩25b∪37c∩49d∪60e∩72f∪12g∩24h∪ 37h∩25g∪13f∩1e∪62d∩50c∪38b∩26a∪ 16a∩28b∪40c∩52d∪63e∩3f∪15g∩27h∪ 38h∩26g∪14f∩2e∪63d∩51c∪39b∩27a∪ 38a∩50b∪62c∩2d∪13e∩25f∪37g∩49h∪ 62h∩50g∪38f∩26e∪15d∩3c∪63b∩51a∪ 64a∩4b∪16c∩28d∪39e∩51f∪63g∩3h∪ 14h∩3g∪62f∩51e∪38d∩27c∪14b∩3a.

7. The hairpin flat wire stator winding of claim 1, wherein, n=8, defining xy as the y layer of the xth stator slot, wherein x∈[1, 72], y∈[a, h], a is the 1st layer, located at the bottom of the stator slot, and h is the 8th layer, located at the top of the stator slot, the first branch of the U-phase winding is: 13a∩24b∪37c∩48d∪61e∩72f∪13g∩24h∪ 37h∩26g∪13f∩2e∪61d∩50c∪37b∩26a∪ 16a∩27b∪40c∩51d∪64e∩3f∪16g∩27h∪ 38h∩37g∪14f∩3e∪62d∩51c∪39b∩27a∪ 38a∦49b∪62c∩1d∪14e∩25f∩38g∩49h∪ 62h∩51g∪38f ∩27e∪14d∩3c∪62b∩51a 64a∩3b∪16c∩27d∪40e ∩51f∪64g∩3h∪ 14h∩3 g∪62f∩51e∪38d∩27c∪14 b∩3a.

8. A stator, wherein, The stator comprises a ring-shaped stator with n layers of 72 stator slots on the inner side and a hairpin flat wire stator winding as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the hairpin flat wire stator winding is matched with the ring-shaped stator in three-phase parallel flat wire.

9. An electric machine wherein, The motor comprises a rotor and a stator as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator.

10. A vehicle, wherein, The vehicle comprises a motor as claimed in claim 9. The vehicle comprises a motor as claimed in claim 9.

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