Cementitious surface coating material

Abstract

The invention relates to a surface coating material intended for use in the building and construction sector; in particular, suitable for use in underwater constructions, concrete structures, channels, drainage channels, pipes, and sewer construction or repair works, comprising a cement composition capable of setting and hardening under water, and being waterproof, resistant to fire and chemicals, flexible, and capable of being brought into usable form within short periods of time.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] CEMENTITIOUS SURFACE COATING MATERIAL

[0003] Technical Field

[0004] The invention relates to a surface coating material intended for use in the building and construction sector; in particular, suitable for use in underwater constructions, concrete structures, channels, drainage channels, pipes, and sewer construction or repair works, comprising a cement composition capable of setting and hardening under water, and being waterproof, resistant to fire and chemicals, flexible, and capable of being brought into usable form within short periods of time.

[0005] State of the Art

[0006] Among the commonly used applications today is a flexible cementitious composite fabric type that hardens as a result of hydration, which is produced for practical use in locations where the properties of concrete are required, in order to form a thin, durable, waterproof, and fire-resistant concrete layer. Such applications consist of a cement mixture placed between at least two layers, and the layers and cement mixtures they contain vary depending on the technical field in which they are to be used.

[0007] According to the principle of use of these applications known in the art, the product is laid over the area of use, and after watering the laid area, it is allowed to harden and dry. In particular, applications in the state of the art used in locations such as military or security posts, tent floorings, emergency runways, as well as in the construction of emergency evacuation channels (flooding, water overflow, etc.), are expected to become suitable for use within short periods of time. In addition, high mechanical strength is also among the expected properties.

[0008] Products in the state of the art generally use portland cement and similar cement compositions as the cement composition. Most of these cement compositions are not suitable for use in underwater construction as they are unable to set, i.e. they cannot harden, or their setting times are too long or they are not resistant to seawater. However, it is clear that the technical and mechanical properties of these compositions will create too many technical disadvantages when used in welded, underwaterconstruction. For this reason, experts in the relevant technical field continue their research and development activities to utilize prior art techniques in underwater construction with high efficiency.

[0009] The Internet, which is the most important communication method used today, is carried by means of underwater fiber optic cables, as is known. These cables are occasionally damaged and even severed by underwater factors (such as predators, high mechanical damage). In similar products, there are no applications in said underwater technology, especially as concrete-containing coating methods for the protection of cables. Additionally, there are no concrete-containing applications available to protect materials used underwater, such as underwater power transmission lines, underwater natural gas pipelines, underwater water transport pipelines, oil transport pipelines, and similar structures, from the corrosive effects of salt and other chemicals in seawater, or from any external mechanical impact. In particular, the protection of some transmission and communication lines that were laid underwater in the past and are still in active use is insufficient and today's technology is unable to provide extra protection while these lines are underwater.

[0010] It is known that the arrangements and configurations involved in applications in the present art have high costs. According to the technical field in which it can be used, the manufacturing costs of each application increase depending on the components included. For this reason, it has become necessary to carry out studies to reduce costs and increase efficiency of use.

[0011] Document no. EP2027319B1 in the state of the art discloses a fabric structure having the property of hardening when mixed with a liquid. Said fabric structure comprises a first layer, a second layer separated from the first layer by a space, and self-supporting pile yarns spacing the first and second layers apart and extending between these two layers. In the space between the first and second layers is a powder material that can become a rigid or semi-rigid solid when a liquid is added or when exposed to radiation.

[0012] Document no. EP3323922B1 in another state of the art relates to a cloth impregnated with a material that sets when mixed with liquid or exposed to radiation. Said document comprises explanations on the parameters of the powder material between the two layers in the cloth structure.Document EP3415672B1 in another state of the art discloses impregnated cloth and a method of production of this cloth and preferred uses thereof. Said impregnated cloth comprises a tightly woven bottom layer, a looser woven top layer and binding fibers running along the space between the bottom and top layers.

[0013] Document no. WO2015187826A2 in another state of the art relates to a composite material comprising a textile material that can become rigid or semi-rigid upon application of a liquid. Said composite material comprises a first face, a second face and a non-woven layer having a midpoint between the first face and the second face. The non-woven layer contains bulking fibers that cross the midpoint plane forming a tangential line that is at a non-zero angle at the midpoint plane.

[0014] Document no. WO2015187831 A1 in another state of the art relates to a cementitious flexible composite material that can become rigid or semi-rigid. Said composite comprises a binding material in the non-woven layer as well as volume-adding fibers. In addition, a woven layer with a radius of curvature not less than the thickness of the non-woven layer is mentioned.

[0015] Document no. WO2018096333A1 in another state of the art relates to a flexible composite material that can be adjusted to be solid or semi-solid. Said composite material comprises a first layer; a second layer located opposite the first layer and separated from the first layer by a space; and a fill material disposed in the space between the first and second layers, which can become a rigid or semi-rigid solid by the addition of a liquid, gas, or radiation.

[0016] Document no. W02020141203A1 in another state of the art relates to a flexible composite material that can be used in the management and optimization of wells, including oil wells.

[0017] Document no. US2014170916A1 in another state of the art relates to a cementitious composite material for hydration. Said composite material comprises a mesh layer, a cementitious material, a sealing layer, and a containment layer. The cementitious material is disposed within the mesh layer and includes a large number of cementitious particles. The sealing layer is disposed along the first side of the mesh layer and is coupled to the plurality of fibers. The containment layer is disposed along the opposingsecond side of the mesh layer and is configured to prevent the cementitious particles from migrating out of the mesh layer.

[0018] In the state of the art, new materials must be developed to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages.

[0019] Summary of the Invention

[0020] In order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide new advantages to the relevant technical field, the present invention relates to a waterproof, fire and chemical resistant, flexible surface coating material, which can be rendered usable within short periods of time by rapidly achieving its final form, containing a cement composition capable of setting and hardening under water, for use in the building and construction sector, particularly suitable for use in underwater construction works, concrete structures, channels, drainage channels, pipes, and in sewer construction or renovation works.

[0021] The invention provides a surface coating material with high mechanical and chemical resistance properties. Thanks to its cement composition, it provides setting and strength properties in a short time under water, in seawater, and in chemical environments (such as sulfate, boron, and acid).

[0022] With the invention, the technical problems caused by portland cements used in the state of the art are eliminated. Cement compositions used in the state of the art do not have sufficient setting properties to be used in underwater technologies. For this reason, a surface coating material with higher mechanical and chemical resistance properties compared to applications of the state of the art is being developed to enable high-efficiency use with the invention in underwater technologies as well.

[0023] The invention provides a surface coating material with low cost and low carbon emissions. The invention presents teachings related to a surface coating material with low costs and low carbon emissions by configuring the layers it contains.

[0024] The invention is designed to produce a final product with higher mechanical strength than its counterparts, with a structural design suitable for various applications, and thematerials used in said surface coating material have been developed with design characteristics that are suitable for the goal of producing a product with higher strength.

[0025] Thanks to the cement composition contained in said surface coating material, it can set and harden while maintaining its shape even in aggressive environments such as salt water. This makes it possible to obtain a coating material that can set and harden underwater, making it suitable for use even in underwater construction projects involving concrete, channels, drainage channels, pipes, sewerage systems, or renovation work.

[0026] Thanks to the layers and cement composition of the invention, it has higher mechanical strength values in a shorter time compared to currently used techniques, and this value is calculated to be 70% to 90% higher. The surface coating material subject of the invention comprises, in a specific application, a geotextile layer, a non-woven retaining base layer, a cement-based fill material / compound, an insulation layer which is a waterproofing layer, and a base protective layer.

[0027] The surface coating material subject to the invention becomes usable in 7 hours and reaches its final strength in the said 7 days. It can set under water and seawater and is not affected by chemicals or acids. It also has low thermal conductivity and is resistant to fire. The invention can be produced from materials obtained from recycling and has a flexible and durable structure. The coating material subject to the invention provides improved applicability and reduced carbon emissions. Preferably, it can be produced in thicknesses between 4-35 mm.

[0028] Thanks to the micro-pores contained in the cement composition of the invention and the voids formed during the filling application, the surface coating material can be filled with 40% of its volume with water, and this water can be trapped within the surface coating material. Furthermore, the invention is actively involved in the setting effect. This amount of water causes the desired setting effect of the surface coating material. The distinctive features of the invention, given the state of the art, and the technical benefits provided by these features are summarized below:

[0029] In previous techniques, the product used is structurally in the middle layer of the product, a non-recycled amorphous polypropylene-based adhesive basematerial, with voids on its surface and internal structure, and continuous and regular pit and ridge structures on its upper and lower surfaces, consisting of regionally interconnected wires, produced only in a standard thickness of 13-15 mm, whereas the surface coating material subject to the invention contains a PVC-based material that is produced in thicknesses between 4-35 mm, with a non-woven, amorphous structure produced from recycled material, without voids on its surface, and with a structure that covers the entire surface and strengthens its resistance.

[0030] In the prior art, Portland cement based materials are used in the product, this material has low resistance, compression, stretching, resistance to acids and chemicals, is unable to set under water and reach their final strength in 28 days, whereas the surface coating material subject to the invention contains a cement composition that is resistant to acids and chemicals, can set underwater, even under seawater, is non-flammable, has low thermal conductivity, can be used within 7 hours, and reaches its final strength in 7 days.

[0031] In the prior art, a PVC-based material not produced from recycled materials was used in the waterproofing layer of the product, whereas the surface coating material subject the invention uses a PVC or PET-based membrane produced from recycled materials as the waterproofing layer.

[0032] In previous art, structurally, beneath the waterproofing layer at the bottom layer of the product; a layer that protects the product from impacts, wear and tear, and contact with natural acids and chemicals, a protective layer that protects the product from the effects of expansion-contraction-vibration due to temperature variations, and also a protective layer that contributes to the product's sound insulation are absent, whereas the surface coating material subject to the invention has a protective felt layer in the bottom layer that provides all these features.

[0033] In the prior art, the product was designed and manufactured by filling a three-dimensional woven fabric (spacer, air file) with cement-based material and laminating it with a PVC-based waterproofing layer on the other side, whereas in the surface coating material subject to the invention, three-dimensional woven fabric is not used, instead, it is formed by laminating 4 separate layers together using thermal, adhesive, or stitching methods, and then filling the interior with cement-based material.The surface coating material subject to the invention is often used in place of conventional concrete (precast or sprayed) for erosion control, remediation and construction applications. Some examples of its applications are as follows: in the field of channel lining; it can be used for drainage, watering, and to provide a hard wear control surface in the lining of channels. More specifically, it can also be used as an alternative to traditional concrete drainage and in places where vegetation or soil trenches are not suitable due to high flow rates, maintenance requirements, or the need to reduce maintenance. In the field of slope protection, it can be used to provide a hard wear control surface to protect slopes from environmental degradation. It typically replaces shotcrete. In the field of concrete repair, it can be used to fix cracked, damaged, or repair-needing concrete infrastructure, extend the life of existing infrastructure, reduce leakage, and improve flow characteristics. The invention provides a durable concrete layer either as an alternative to concrete or by covering a conventional concrete with its flexible thin layer properties. It can be used as a culvert coating to reuse steel and concrete culverts that have deteriorated due to wear and corrosion. It can extend the life of culverts and provide a hard wearing erosion control layer with improved impermeability and flow properties. It can be preferred as an alternative to polyurethane or shotcrete.

[0034] The invention can be used to prevent long-term vegetation growth in areas where maintenance is difficult, such as around sensitive infrastructure or in remote locations. It can typically be used in place of prefabricated concrete slabs and in situations where traditional geotextiles do not provide sufficient durability. Additionally, it can protect surfaces in high-flow areas prone to erosion, such as lower culvert outlets, full spillway surfaces, and upper coverings, and can be applied using the same method as slope protection.

[0035] The surface coating material according to the invention may serve as a crest liner to provide hard armor coating for secondary protective berms surrounding petrochemical tank farms, ammunition depots and flood protection structures. It may typically be used to protect against environmental degradation and animal damage, to improve impermeability, and to prevent vegetation growth. It may assist in the construction of walls in underground mines for forming ventilation stoppings and blast walls, and may replace walls constructed using breeze blocks or gypsum boards. Furthermore, the invention may be converted into concrete walls in the form of sandbag walls used formilitary unit protection and frontline infrastructure, and may be reinforced so as to prevent wall collapse and extend the service life thereof for several decades. The invention further has the capability of being stapled, clipped or wire-tied onto a sandbag parapet. Once fixed in place, it is sufficient to apply water thereto. Following watering, the surface coating material subject to the invention hardens and may be rapidly laid to form a waterproof concrete-lined trench or channel coating. It is capable of conforming to the structure and shape of the channel and does not require specialized facilities or equipment. It may also be used to form surfaces for pedestrian pathways, helicopter landing pads or tracked vehicles, and for the rehabilitation of dusty roads.

[0036] The surface coating material subject to the invention may be used to coat steel basket or geotextile gabions in order to prevent damage caused by corrosion, UV exposure and vandalism. It significantly extends the service life of gabions by providing a hard-wearing surface capable of lasting for many years. Additionally, in military applications, it may be used to coat soil-filled gabions in order to prevent foreign object damage and to prevent water ingress that could lead to structural collapse. A geotextile product experiences loss of fill material when exposed to UV degradation, severe weather conditions, attack or hostile fire. With the invention, said loss of fill material is eliminated. Furthermore, it prevents water ingress that causes settlement of the fill material due to water saturation and material movement. In particular, the fill material contained in sandbags is eroded by wind or helicopter rotor wash. To prevent this, the surface coating material subject to the invention is used. Said surface coating material may be laid for forming natural or artificial lakes and ponds, and by bondingwelding methods, prevents water from flowing or leaking into the soil or underlying layers, and may be used in the mining industry for the rehabilitation and impermeabilization of chemical and acid-containing wastewater ponds.

[0037] Due to its non-combustible nature and low thermal conductivity, the surface coating material subject to the invention may be conveniently used as a fire insulator and in areas requiring fire resistance. Additionally, owing to its waterproof nature and its resistance to heat, sound transmission and impacts, it may also be used in roofing applications.Description of the Drawings

[0038] The embodiments of the invention, briefly summarized above and discussed in more detail below, can be understood with reference to the example embodiments of the invention described in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the accompanying drawings only illustrate typical embodiments of this invention and are not to be considered as limiting to its scope.

[0039] Fig. 1. A representative overall view of the surface coating material subject to the invention, showing the inner layers in detail.

[0040] Fig. 2. A representative view of the disassembled state of the layers in the surface coating material subject to the invention.

[0041] Fig. 3. A representative view showing the void left for cement composition-based filler within the wire and base material of the surface coating material subject to the invention.

[0042] Description of the References in the Drawings

[0043] For a better understanding of the invention, the description of the numbers in the figures is given below:

[0044] 1. Geotextile layer

[0045] 2. Retaining base layer

[0046] 3. Cement composition

[0047] 4. Insulation layer

[0048] 5. Base protective layer

[0049] a. Wire

[0050] b. Void left for cement

[0051] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0052] The example embodiments are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying descriptions. Furthermore, the embodiments can be established in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodimentsspecified herein. Rather, these example embodiments are provided so that this description will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those skilled in the art.

[0053] The invention relates to a surface coating material for use in the building and construction industry. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the overall views of said surface coating material with its layers visible. Accordingly, said surface coating material contains cement composition (3). Said cement composition (3) comprises SiC>2 (silica) in the range of 1 to 10 wt%, AI2O3 (alumina) in the range of 30 to 40 wt%, Fe2Os (iron oxide) in the range of 10 to 20 wt%, and CaO (calcium oxide) in the range of 30 to 50 wt%, Fig, 3, on the other hand, shows the void left for cement composition-based filler within the wire and base material of the surface coating material subject to the invention.

[0054] In different applications of the cement composition (3), the cement composition (3) may contain silica, alumina, iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulfur oxide, titanium oxide components individually or in combinations in specified weight ratios. The fact that the cement composition (3) contains components in specified weight ratios in the invention was discovered within the scope of the studies carried out within the scope of the invention. The components with said weight ratios are included in the cement composition (3), which firstly improves the setting performance and then provides the targeted mechanical and chemical strength properties.

[0055] While providing improvements in the setting characteristics of the surface coating material configured by means of the cement composition (3) of the invention, it has enabled use in underwater technologies and constructions, and has increased the efficiency of use in other technical fields in which it is employed. A person skilled in the art will be able to foresee that this surface coating material, which is suitable for use in underwater technologies and constructions, may also be used in other existing technical fields. Since said setting performance and time constitute important parameters for the surface coating material subject to the invention, adjustments made to these parameters have a positive effect on the performance of the final product surface coating material.

[0056] The SiC>2 component contained in the invention has slow hydration within the cement composition (3) and contributes to the final wet strength. It is designed to provide the functionality of resistance against accumulated static loads attainment and resistance and pressure development. Within the cement composition (3), the SiC>2 component ispresent in an amount in the range of 1 to 10 wt%. At values below the specified range, problems such as reduced resistance against accumulated static loads, strength and pressure occur. At values above the specified range, problems such as indeterminate and irregular setting of the mixture, and effects on final compressive strength and wet strength occur.

[0057] The AI2O3 component contained in the invention reacts rapidly with water and is responsible for the strength development of the cement composition (3). In addition to providing early resistance of the hydrated cement composition (3), it is included to enable the attainment of high resistance properties at low water levels. Within the cement composition (3), the AI2O3 component is present in an amount in the range of 30 to 40 wt%. At values below the specified range, high resistance properties cannot be achieved at low water levels and irregularities occur in the strength development of the mixture. At values above the specified range, problems such as irregular setting of the mixture and the formation of low resistance occur.

[0058] The Fe2C>3 component contained in the invention is used as a binder in the cement composition (3) for the development of the hydration process and pressure strength, and is included to provide a compaction function. Within the cement composition (3), the Fe2C>3 component is present in an amount in the range of 10 to 20 wt%. At values below the specified range, problems such as insufficient pressure resistance in the final product and in the hydration process occur, whereas at values above the specified range, problems such as irregular strength characteristics in the final product occur.

[0059] The CaO component contained in the invention demonstrates the relationship between refractoriness, which is the ability of the mixture to withstand high temperatures and to preserve its physical or chemical structure without degradation, and is included to provide refractoriness within the cement composition (3). It is also responsible for the average setting time. Said setting times vary depending on the usage ratio. Within the cement composition (3), the CaO component is present in an amount in the range of 30 to 50 wt%. The lower values of said ranges cause problems such as low refractoriness and the higher values of said ranges cause the mixture to have uncertain and irregular setting, irregular and / or low refractory strength effects.The cement composition (3) contained in the invention comprises additive components in order to achieve the targeted setting, mechanical and chemical properties. As said additive components, the cement composition (3) may comprise at least one, more than one or all of MgO, SO3 and / or TiC>2 components. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cement composition (3) comprises all of the components MgO (magnesium oxide), SO3 (sulfur trioxide) and TiO2 (titanium dioxide).

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said cement composition (3) comprises, - SiO2 in the range of 1 to 10 wt%,

[0061] - AI2O3 in the range of 30 to 40 wt%,

[0062] - Fe20s in the range of 10 to 20 wt%,

[0063] - CaO in the range of 30 to 50 wt%,

[0064] - MgO in the range of 0.5 to 1 .5 wt%,

[0065] - SO3 in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt%,

[0066] - TiO2 in the range of 1 to 5 wt%,

[0067] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the compositions contained in said cement composition (3) may increase or decrease in value by ± 5%. Therefore, the total proportion of this cement composition (3) exceeds 100%. Said cement composition (3) comprises 5 wt% SiC>2, 38 wt% AI2O3, 19 wt% Fe2Os, 40 wt% CaO, 1 wt% MgO, 0.2 wt% SO3, and 3 wt% TiO2.

[0068] The surface coating material subject to the invention contains a cement composition (3) in its structure. The surface coating material structure contains at least two layers positioned in the lower and upper neighboring parts, forming a sandwich structure with a cement composition (3) in between. Said layers provide integrity and retention to the cement composition (3) for the final product, the surface coating material. The layer located in the upper neighboring part of the cement composition (3) in the surface coating material structure includes at least one geotextile layer (1), which is made / manufactured from fabric. Preferably, geotextile layer (1) is the top layer of the surface coating material.

[0069] Said geotextile layer (1) can be obtained from artificial and / or natural fibers and / or felted wool and / or fibrous fabrics. In the invention, these components are preferablyused alternatively to each other. However, combined use is also possible. Preferably, the geotextile layer (1) is made of fabrics derived from cotton and / or polyester fibers.

[0070] In an example embodiment of the invention, said geotextile layer (1) is made of 40 wt% cotton and 60 wt% polyester, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0071] Since the geotextile layer (1 )is the top layer of the surface coating material, it is the layer that protects and encapsulates the surface coating material from the external environment and prevents the cement composition (3) inside the product from spilling out. Said geotextile layer (1) has micro-pores in it to allow the necessary water to be supplied to the cement composition (3). In addition, the geotextile layer (1), unlike the state of the art, has the property of not dissolving in water. The geotextile layer (1) ensures that the surface coating material retains its water for a long time without evaporation after watering. Thus, it contributes to fast setting / rapid setting and high strength and high resistance. The technical effect of controlled hydration temperature is achieved.

[0072] The surface coating material subject to the invention comprises at least one retaining base layer (2) positioned in its lower neighboring part, which prevents the cement composition (3) from descending towards the substrate, keeps it homogeneously stable within the overall structure and prevents it from dispersing. The retaining base layer (2) is a non-woven material consisting of wires (a) that are unconnected to each other, and randomly distributed within the overall structure of the layer in which the wire (a) structure in the layer is free-standing. Preferably the retaining base layer (2) is PVC material, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. In addition, it is preferably drawn by hot injection to obtain a homogeneous and irregular shape. This homogeneous distribution and the wire structure that fills the entire area of the structure, leaving homogeneous voids and allowing the cement composition (3) to penetrate into it, provides a more durable structure.

[0073] Said retaining base layer (2) is the layer positioned in the lower neighboring part of the cement composition (3) and ensures that it remains whole as a volume. This layer prevents easy dispersion of the cement composition (3) layer after setting and provides extra resistance due to its structure. The retaining base layer (2) is physically homogeneously dispersed in the surface coating material.Said retaining base layer (2) can be at least one of the following materials: polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, PET, PVC, polystyrene, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. In a most preferred embodiment, the retaining base layer (2) is made of polyvinyl chloride. Said retaining base layer (2) has a structure with an amorphous appearance. Said components can be recycled. In this way, the production costs of the surface coating material subject to the invention can be reduced and an environmentally friendly product can be obtained.

[0074] The technical specifications of the retaining base layer (2) used in the invention are given below:

[0075] - The volume occupied by the wire (a) structure inside is between 5% and 20%, preferably 8%.

[0076] Empty volume (b) is between 96% and 70%, preferably 92%.

[0077] Wire (a) thickness is 0.3 to 2.5 mm, preferably 0.7 mm.

[0078] The retaining base layer (2) is prepared with the filament extrusion casting system and contains a much more homogenized fiber structure compared to the products in the existing technique, making the surface coating material more resistant to dispersion, cracking and stretching.

[0079] The surface coating material, which is rolled out or shaped to suit the environment in which it is applied, ensures that the cement composition (3) contained within it remains stable at a homogeneous standard. Additionally, after the surface coating material is watered and hardened, it adheres to the cement composition (3) itself, preventing the concrete layer formed after watering from disintegrating, in this sense, it creates an effect that increases the product's strength. This situation can be likened to the strengthening effect of the iron components used in the columns and beams in building construction.

[0080] The surface coating material subject to the invention is expected to harden within a certain setting time by applying water according to the substrate it is applied to. This water must remain in the cement composition (3). To retain water in the cement composition (3) for a targeted time coating material contains at least one waterproof insulation layer (4) with hydrophobic properties. The targeted time mentioned here is the time it takes for the water in the cement composition (3) to be retained in thecement until the cement sets. This takes an average of 7 hours. This insulation layer (4) ensures that the water required for the cement composition (3) remains within the surface coating material during the setting period. The thickness of said insulation layer (4) here must be at least 0.15 mm. If it is below the mentioned value, the insulation layer (4) is less resistant to chemical effects, less resistant to abrasion and less water impermeable under pressure. Said insulation layer (4) is preferably located in the upper neighboring part of the bottom layer, the base protective layer (5). Said insulation layer (4) is preferably made of PET or PVC based recyclable materials. In the invention, the insulation layer (4) may be obtained from waste and / or recycled materials. This makes it possible to obtain environmentally friendly surface coating materials at lower costs. Furthermore, the insulation layer (4) is hydrophobic and waterproof.

[0081] The coating material subject to the invention comprises at least one base protective layer (5) as the bottom layer. Said base protective layer (5) is preferably made of artificial or natural felted materials. As is known in the technical field, the coating material and other equivalent products can be used in very difficult substrate conditions (such as rough soil, rocky formations, rough concrete layer, rough mechanical surfaces). Said substrates are often of a size and shape that can damage the layers in the final product. The surface coating material of the base protective layer (5) creates a softer substrate and prevents the waterproof layer from being destroyed, torn and deformed by the substrate, allowing a substrate suitable for all substrate conditions. Additionally, the protective base mat protects the insulation layer (4) against possible expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes between the surface and the product during field applications, as well as against impact, expansion, or contraction. At the same time, the extra physical strength effect it provides to the insulation layer (4) protects the structure of the coating material against possible expansion and contraction. The expansion and contraction mentioned here will cause the product to lengthen or shorten over time due to temperature differences in the environment or between the substrate-surface in the areas where the product is applied (e.g., pond formation-pool formation), this will result in breaks and stresses at the joints, making the product unusable. A protective base mat is important to eliminate this problem. It also has the effect of reducing sound and vibration transmission in areas where the coating material is used for insulation purposes (roofing, pipe protection, etc.).The synergistic effect of the insulation layer (4), the retaining base layer (2), and the geotextile layer (1) within the coating material subject to the invention is present. In this way, the product subject to the invention can retain water more effectively and the problem of continuously supplying the water required for the cement composition (3) is eliminated. Furthermore, the cement composition (3) eliminates the need for continuous external water supplementation due to its ability to set in a short period of time. Additionally, it eliminates factors such as the distribution of the cement composition (3) within the surface coating material by water flow that can occur naturally or artificially underwater, and the cement composition (3) inside being carried out, thereby ensuring the applicability of the cement composition's (3) ability to set even in water. As a result, the problem of uneven final protective layer formation with different thicknesses and strengths is eliminated.

[0082] The results of the resistance and durability tests conducted on the surface coating material subject to the invention are provided below:

[0083] Flexural strength test result is 5.5 MPA at 7 hours. The flexural strength test result is 8.8 MPA ± 25% in 1 day, the flexural strength test result is 11 MPA ± 5% in 7 days and the flexural strength test result is 11 MPA ± 5% in 28 days. As can be seen from said results, the coating material subject to the invention offers an ideal solution for situations requiring fast application by gaining high resistance in a short time. Reaching 5.5 MPa flexural strength within 7 hours provides mechanical stability suitable for early loading for applications requiring emergency intervention. 8.8 MPa level within 1 day and 11 MPa strength at the end of 7 days proves that it shows mechanical efficiency in terms of rapid setting and resistance increase. After 7 days, it reaches a stable level, offering long-term structural stability. In addition, its superior resistance to chemicals and environmental influences enables it to exhibit stable structural strength even under harsh conditions. With these features, said coating material provides a significant advantage as a sustainable and high-strength building material, saving both time and labor compared to traditional applications / products.

[0084] Throughout the text, the term "configured" refers to a cement composition (3) having a composition different from the present art. In the invention, teachings related to a cement composition with the targeted technical properties (3) are shared. Said configurations are designed to enable the use of the cement composition (3) inunderwater construction and technology, as well as to increase its efficiency in technical application fields known in the art.

[0085] The term "cement composition (3)" mentioned throughout the text refers to the cement composition (3) layer that must be present in the surface coating material.

[0086] Industrial Applicability of the Invention

[0087] The invention relates to a surface coating material intended for use in the building and construction sector; in particular, suitable for use in underwater constructions, concrete structures, channels, drainage channels, pipes, and sewer construction or repair works, comprising a cement composition capable of setting and hardening under water, and being waterproof, resistant to fire and chemicals, flexible, and capable of being brought into usable form within short periods of time; and is industrially applicable.

[0088] The invention is not limited to the example embodiments above, and the person skilled in the art can readily present other different embodiments of the invention. These should be considered within the protection scope of the invention claimed by the claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A coating material, characterized in that it comprises:- cement composition (3) containing SiC>2 in the range of 1 to 10 wt%, AI2O3 in the range of 30 to 40 wt%, Fe2Os in the range of 10 to 20 wt% and CaO in the range of 30 to 50 wt%,- at least one geotextile layer (1) made of artificial and / or natural fibers and / or felted wool and / or fibrous fabrics, positioned in the upper neighboring part of said cement composition (3), having micro-pores in its structure in order to provide the necessary water to the cement composition (3),- at least one retaining base layer (2) consisting of wires (a) positioned in the lower neighboring part of the cement composition (3) and preventing the cement composition (3) from descending towards the substrate, which are non-woven, free-standing, not interconnected and irregularly distributed within its overall structure,- at least one hydrophobic and water-impermeable insulation layer (4) which, together with the geotextile layer (1), forms a sandwich structure for the cement composition (3) in order to keep the water within the cement composition (3) in the cement during the period until setting of the cement. - at least one base protective layer (5) that protects said insulation layer (4) against effects such as impacts.

2. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the cement composition (3) comprises at least one, more than one or all of the components MgO, SO3, TiO2.

3. The coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that said cement composition (3) comprises SiO2in the range of 1 to 10 wt%, AI2O3in the range of 30 to 40 wt%, Fe2O3in the range of 10 to 20 wt%, CaO in the range of 30 to 50 wt%, MgO in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 wt%, SO3in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt% and TiO2in the range of 1 to 5 wt%.

4. The coating material according to claim 1 , characterized in that the geotextile layer (1) is made of fabrics obtained from cotton and / or polyester fibers.

5. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation layer (4) is positioned in the upper neighboring part of the base protective layer (5).

6. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the insulation layer (4) is at least 0.15 mm.

7. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation layer (4) is made of recycled materials based on PET or PVC.

8. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the base protective layer (5) is made of artificial or natural felt materials.

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